TWI427009B - Rail car with a brake to make - Google Patents

Description

Rail vehicles use brakes to order

The present invention relates to a brake for a rail vehicle, which disperses heat energy caused by friction with a brake disc, and causes the brake to improve the durability of the brake disc.

In rail vehicles such as rail vehicles, automobiles, and locomotives, as the vehicle is speeded up or enlarged, a disc brake device is generally used as the brake device.

Hereinafter, an example will be described with respect to a disc brake device for a rail vehicle.

The disc brake device operates the brake caliper to press the brake to the sliding surface of the brake disc attached to the axle or the wheel to obtain a braking force, and brake the rotation of the axle or the wheel to control the speed of the vehicle.

At this time, the temperature of the contact surface with the brake disc is increased by the friction heat, and the temperature of the contact surface is increased by an increase in the braking load due to the increase in speed of the vehicle.

In the conventional disc brake device, as shown in Fig. 6, the brake member 1 is a friction member 1a that comes into contact with the sliding surface 2a of the brake disc 2, by means of a rivet (not shown) or an adhesive. , installed on the backboard 1b.

The pressing force applied to the brake from the brake caliper does not act on the entire brake brake in the structure of the mounting portion, but concentrates on a specific portion. For example, in the case of a hydraulic caliper, as shown in Fig. 6, the center position 3 of the pressing load exists at the position where the piston is pressed. In the case of the lever type caliper, as in the case of the hydraulic caliper, the pressing load is a load on the position where the arm portion of the caliper is connected to the seat.

As described above, the conventional disc brake device is constructed such that the pressing force from the brake caliper acts only on a part of the brake. Therefore, under the pressure acting, the brakes cause the pressure on the contact surface with the brake disc to become high, resulting in a local temperature rise.

Therefore, in order to alleviate the above-mentioned local temperature rise, it is necessary to equip the surface pressure.

For example, in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 7, a brake is disclosed in which the friction member 11 disposed to avoid the fastening hole 21 is attached to the backing plate 12 via the elastic member 13. By constructing such a structure, the brakes are equalized in pressure on the contact surface with the brake disc, and a local temperature rise can be prevented.

However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, the attachment to the backing plate of the friction member is interposed between the elastic members, so that when the friction member becomes high temperature by the action of the pressing force, the elastic member is yielded, and then, The original equal face pressure function cannot be effectively utilized.

The techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are installed by interposing a plurality of friction members in a spherical seat, and uniformly load the pressing force from the brake caliper to prevent local temperature rise.

However, in the case of the technique disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, when the constituent portion of the spherical seat is plastically deformed by the pressing force, the isosurface pressing function is lost.

[Previous Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-151188

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Publication No. 10-507250

Patent Document 3: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2008-223852

The problem to be solved by the present invention is a prior art case in which the brake is used to equalize the pressure on the contact surface with the brake disc to prevent local temperature rise, and the component that exerts the surface pressure function is not considered. protection.

In the rail vehicle brake of the present invention, in order to protect the elastic member for exerting the surface pressure function, the brake surface of the brake disc is braked by the brake caliper, and the main features are as follows: a friction member that is pressed against the sliding surface of the brake disc and a back plate that is attached to the brake caliper to support the friction member, and the friction member is divided in a radial direction and a circumferential direction of the brake disc Two or more are disposed, and an elastic member is interposed between each of the friction members and the back plate, and the elastic member of the surface of each of the friction members facing the back plate is formed on the outer edge side to be convexly curved. When the light pressure is pressed, the pressing force is transmitted from the back plate to the friction member via the elastic member, and the equal surface pressure is achieved when the heavy pressing, the back plate is in contact with the convex curved portion, and the convex curved portion is as The iso-face pressure is maintained and the pressing force is directly transmitted to the friction member.

In the rail vehicle brake of the present invention, the surface of the friction member facing the back plate is formed into a convex curved shape, and when the heavy pressing is performed, the back plate is in contact with the convex curved portion, and the convex curved portion is exhausted. It is possible to maintain an equal face pressure and directly transmit the pressing force to the friction member.

Therefore, the elastic member which exerts the surface pressure can prevent the fall of the recompression pressure and the high temperature, and can protect the elastic member.

In the present invention, the surface of the friction member facing the backing plate is formed into a convex curved shape, and when the heavy pressing is performed, the backing plate is in contact with the convex curved portion, and the pressing force is directly transmitted to the friction member, so that it can be prevented. : Intermediaries deform and deteriorate the elastic member that exerts a constant surface pressure between the friction member and the back plate.

Since the elastic member of the surface of the friction member facing the back plate is formed on the outer edge side and is formed in a convex curved shape, when the heavy pressing is performed, the load can be widely distributed by the convex curved portion, and as much as possible. Maintain equal surface pressure.

In the present invention, the surface of the friction member facing the backing plate is formed into a convex curved shape. When the heavy pressing is performed, the convex curved portion located outside the elastic member contacts the backing plate, and the pressing force is directly transmitted to the friction. The member is used to achieve protection and isosurface pressure maintenance for the elastic member interposed between the friction member and the backing plate.

[Examples]

Hereinafter, the process of solving the problems from the present invention and the best mode for carrying out the invention will be described.

The inventors have considered that when the heavy pressing, the friction member becomes high temperature, and the elastic member interposed between the friction member and the backing plate is lowered, so that in order to allow the elastic member to maintain the equal surface pressing function for a long time, when heavy pressing, The manner in which the use of the elastic member is restricted to prevent it from being extremely deformed is effective.

Further, it is understood that when the weight is pressed, even if the function of the elastic member is not used, sufficient isosurface pressure can be achieved by the elasticity of the friction member itself and the elasticity of the entire device.

The brake for a rail vehicle of the present invention is established based on the results of the above thoughts.

In other words, the brake for a rail vehicle according to the present invention is, for example, pressed by a brake caliper to a disc body attached to the axle or a sliding surface of a brake disc fastened to the wheel by a bolt, so the following Construction.

In Fig. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a friction member that is pressed against the sliding surface of the brake disc, and is elastically supported by, for example, the coil spring 13 by being attached to the back plate 12 of the brake caliper. The spring constant of the coil spring 13 is a degree of clearance of the spherical portion 11a and the back plate 12, which will be described later, of the friction member 11 when the maximum braking force is commonly used.

The friction member 11 is divided into two in the radial direction of the brake disc, as shown in Fig. 2, for example. There are six on the outer peripheral side in the circumferential direction, four on the inner peripheral side in the circumferential direction, and a total of ten, and are arranged in line symmetry with the circumferential center line 12b of the backing plate 12.

In the present invention, the surface of each of the friction members 11 facing the backing plate 12 is formed in a spherical shape, for example, and has a center portion thereof protruding toward the backing plate 12, and is provided around the center portion thereof for accommodating the above-mentioned The recess 11c of the coil spring 13. 11a in the first drawing denotes a spherical surface formed on the spherical surface, and 11b denotes a projection that protrudes toward the backing plate 12.

On the other hand, in the backing plate 12 facing the projection 11b of the friction member 11, a predetermined gap d1 is provided in the outer circumferential side and the protruding height direction of the projection 11b, and a recess in which the projection 11b is fitted is provided. 12a.

The predetermined gap d1 may be larger than the gap d2 between the spherical portion 11a of the friction member 11 and the backing plate 12.

With the above configuration, when the friction member 11 is moved in the horizontal direction parallel to the backing plate 12, the movement is suppressed by the protrusion 11b abutting against the concave portion 12a, and the force is transmitted to the backing plate 12. On the other hand, when the friction member 11 moves in the direction close to the backing plate 12, before the spherical portion 11a of the friction member 11 abuts against the backing plate 12, the coil spring 13 contracts, and there is no further load after the abutment. In the coil spring 13.

In the example of Fig. 1, the pressing plate 14 is engaged with the flange portion 11d provided in the friction member 11, and the pressing plate 14 is pulled toward the backing plate 12 by the rivet 15 through which the pressing plate 14 and the backing plate 12 are inserted. The friction member 11 is attached to the backing plate 12 in a state in which the coil spring 13 is slightly pressed.

In the above-described rail vehicle brake of the present invention, when a light press is frequently used, the pressing force is transmitted from the backing plate 12 to the friction member 11 via the coil spring 13, thereby achieving an equal surface pressure.

On the other hand, when the heavy press is used less, after the coil spring 13 is pressed by a predetermined size, the back plate 12 is in contact with the spherical portion 11a, the equal pressure is maintained as much as possible by the spherical portion 11a, and the pressing force is directly transmitted to Friction member 11. Therefore, even in a high-pressure and high-pressure environment by heavy pressing, the coil spring 13 is not permanently deformed, and its function can be maintained forever. Since the spherical portion 11a is provided on the outer edge side (outer peripheral side) of the coil spring 13, the load is widely distributed to the outer edge side as compared with the case where the spherical portion 11a is provided on the inner side (center side) of the coil spring 13 , can become equal face pressure.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the brake of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 so that the friction member (made of sintered alloy, outer diameter 60 mm, thickness 15 mm) is not in contact with the back plate (steel, thickness 4.5 mm). The pressing force of the degree (5~10kN) is used to carry out the temperature of each friction member during the brake test.

On the other hand, Fig. 4 is a graph showing the temperatures of the respective friction members when the braking test is performed at a pressing force (12 to 22 kN) in which the friction member is brought into contact with the backing plate.

Fig. 2 shows which friction members No. 1 to 5 in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are.

In any case, the variation of the temperature of each of the friction members is small, and the effect of exhibiting the isosurface pressure of the present invention can be understood.

The brake discs used in Figures 3 and 4 are forged steel, with an inner diameter of 425 mm and an outer diameter of 715 mm. The sliding surface that comes into contact with the brakes has an inner diameter of 428 mm and an outer diameter of 702 mm.

The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and any appropriate embodiment may be modified as long as it is within the scope of the technical idea described in each of the claims.

For example, the attachment of the friction member 11 to the backing plate 12 is not limited to the configuration shown in Fig. 1, as shown in Fig. 5, at the center portion of the friction member 11, and at the back plate 12 opposite to the center portion. The through hole provided at the place may be formed by passing the rivet 15 through.

The elastic member interposed between the friction member 11 and the backing plate 12 may be replaced by a coil spring 13 and a coil spring may be used.

The shape formed on the surface of the friction member 11 facing the backing plate 12 is not limited to a spherical shape as long as it is a convex curved shape as long as the equal surface pressure is maintained as much as possible and the pressing force is directly transmitted to the friction member 11.

[Industrial availability]

The present invention having the above configuration is not limited to the brake disc for a rail vehicle, and can be applied to a brake disc such as an automobile or a motorcycle.

11‧‧‧ Friction members

11a‧‧‧Spherical

11b‧‧‧ Protrusion

11d‧‧‧Flange

12‧‧‧ Backplane

12a‧‧‧ recess

13‧‧‧ coil spring

14‧‧‧ Pressing plate

15‧‧‧ Rivets

21‧‧‧ fastening holes

Fig. 1(a) is a cross-sectional view showing a main portion of a first example of the brake of the present invention, and Fig. 1(b) is an enlarged view of a portion A of the figure (a).

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a first example of the brake of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the temperature of each of the friction members of the present invention at the time of light pressing.

Fig. 4 is a view showing the temperature of each of the friction members of the present invention at the time of heavy pressing.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of a second example of the brake of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a view showing a brake brake and a brake disc of a conventional rail brake device for a rail vehicle, wherein (a) is a plan view of the brake from the friction member side, and (b) is a (a) diagram. AB section view.

Fig. 7 is a view showing a brake arrangement of a conventional disc brake device for a rail vehicle, wherein (a) is a plan view of the brake from the side of the friction member, and (b) is an AB sectional view of (a). .

11. . . Friction member

11a. . . Spherical face

11b. . . Protrusion

11c. . . Concave

11d. . . Flange

12. . . Backplane

12a. . . Concave

13. . . Coil spring

14. . . Press plate

15. . . rivet

D1. . . gap

D2. . . gap

Claims (2)

A rail vehicle brake is provided on a sliding surface of a brake disc by a brake of a rail vehicle pressed by a brake caliper, and is characterized in that: a friction member that is pressed against the sliding surface of the brake disc, And a brake plate attached to the brake caliper for supporting the friction member; the friction member is divided into two or more in a radial direction and a circumferential direction of the brake disk, and is disposed in each of the friction member and the back plate. The elastic member is interposed, and the elastic member of the surface of each of the friction members facing the back plate is formed on the outer edge side, and is formed in a convex curved shape, and a protrusion is provided at a central portion of the convex curved portion side. The back plate portion facing the protrusion is provided with a concave portion for fitting in a state in which the outer peripheral portion and the protruding height portion of the protrusion have a predetermined gap, and the friction member is attached to the back plate by Pulling the pressing plate toward the back plate side, the pressing plate is engaged with the flange portion provided on the friction member; when lightly pressing, by the elastic member from the back plate The pressure is transmitted to the friction member to achieve an equal surface pressure. When the pressure is pressed, the back plate contacts the convex curved portion, and the convex curved portion maintains the equal surface pressure as much as possible, and the pressing force is directly transmitted to the friction member. A rail vehicle brake is provided on a sliding surface of a brake disc by a brake of a rail vehicle pressed by a brake caliper, and is characterized in that: a friction member that is pressed against the sliding surface of the brake disc, And a brake plate attached to the brake caliper for supporting the friction member; the friction member is divided into two or more in a radial direction and a circumferential direction of the brake disk, and is disposed in each of the friction member and the back plate. The elastic member is interposed, and the elastic member of the surface of each of the friction members facing the back plate is formed on the outer edge side, and is formed in a convex curved shape, and a protrusion is provided at a central portion of the convex curved portion side. The back plate portion facing the protrusion is provided with a concave portion for fitting in a state in which the outer peripheral portion and the protruding height portion of the protrusion have a predetermined gap, and the friction member is attached to the back plate by The connecting member is disposed at a central portion of the friction member and a through hole provided at a back plate opposite to the central portion; when pressed lightly, by pressing from the back plate via the elastic member The pressure is transmitted to the friction member to achieve equal surface pressure. When the pressure is heavy, the back plate is in contact with the convex curved portion, and the convex curved portion is used to maintain the equal surface pressure as much as possible, and directly The pressure is transmitted to the friction member.