TWI426887B - A drilling guide device for spinal surgery - Google Patents

Description

Drilling guide for spinal surgery

The invention relates to a drilling guiding device for spinal surgery, in particular to a drilling guiding device for spinal surgery which pre-plans the orientation of the drilling operation.

The importance of the spine, in addition to its support for the human skeleton, is that the spinal cord is additionally covered with the spinal cord. Referring to FIG. 8, the spinal cord is the main axis of the human nerve. The nerve 40 extends outward from the inside of the spine 41, and then extends forward, left and right, and up and down in the human body. Therefore, the neural network in the human body is The spine 41 extends outward as a starting point.

The spine 41 can be divided into a cervical vertebra, a thoracic vertebra, and a lumbar vertebra. The nerve 40 is passed through the space between the intervertebral joints. Therefore, once any vertebra of the vertebra 41 is displaced, it may be pressed to the nerve 40, indirectly. It affects organs, muscles, and secretory glands that are connected to nerves 40.

The displacement of the spine 41 may be caused by spondylolisthesis caused by spondylolisthesis, injury (such as dislocation or fracture), infection or tumor; the current treatment for the spine 41 displacement is mainly By implanting a transpedicular screw on the vertebral foot of the vertebra 41, the rigid structure of the pedicle screw can be used to fix the displaced vertebrae and fix the relatives of the vertebrae 41. The position no longer oppresses or squeezes the nerve, allowing the patient to relieve the pain caused by compression or compression of the spine 41.

However, in one of the current surgical procedures, the physician determines the entry point of the pedicle screw and the direction of implantation, and implants the pedicle screw after drilling; since the shape of each vertebra of the spine 41 varies from person to person, how can The pedicle screw is safely and accurately implanted into the vertebral pedicle of the surgical vertebral ganglion to avoid insertion of the spinal cord or spinal nerves. Thanks to the experience and technology of the physician, as long as there is a slight deviation, it is very likely to cause the patient to live for a lifetime. Oh, so the experience and technology of the physician has a decisive influence on the outcome of the surgery.

At present, another surgical procedure, as shown in FIG. 9, is mainly performed by an auxiliary fixing frame 50 having two supporting legs 51 and 52, each of which is provided with a positioning cylinder 53, and the auxiliary is provided. The fixing frame 50 is designed to be knife-edge in a V-shaped shape, as shown in FIG. 10, and is mounted on the spinous processes and transverse processes of the vertebral segments; when performing the operation, the physician assists the fixation frame 50 against the vertebrae. The spinous process and the transverse process of the knuckle position it. Then, the physician uses a drill bit 54 to guide the vertebral ganglion through the positioning of the positioning tube 53. However, this method can slightly reduce the skill of the physician. The surgical error caused by sputum, but the positioning stability during drilling is still insufficient.

It can be seen from the above that there is still a need for further improvement for the positioning method of using the drill hole in the current spinal surgery.

In order to improve the accuracy and success rate of spinal drilling surgery, the main object of the present invention is to provide a drilling guide for spinal surgery, which provides a doctor to operate the drilling operation in a more convenient manner, and can assist a drill bit toward The vertebral section is drilled in the direction of the central axis of the vertebra.

The main technical means for achieving the above purpose is that the drilling guide device for the spinal surgery comprises: a hand-held portion for hand-held use; and a span portion extending downward from the bottom surface of the hand-held portion, including two The side bracket and the two hook portions; wherein the two hook portions are respectively formed at the bottom ends of the two side brackets, and the bottom surfaces of the second hook portions respectively form a surface of the lamina surface matching the lamina surface of the spinal joint to be operated, and corresponding to the vertebrae to be operated The vertebral plate of the knuckle extends a hook, which is hooked on the lower edge of the lamina of the vertebral segment to be surgically provided, and provides a more stable support point for the hook; and at least one guiding member, each guiding member is a corresponding side bracket of the straddle portion The outer wall surface extends obliquely downward and includes a connecting portion and an annular hollow column; wherein one end of the connecting portion is connected to the outer side of the corresponding side bracket, one end of which is connected to the annular hollow column, and the axial hollow hole of the annular hollow column It is aligned with the central axis of the vertebral pedicle for the drill bit to pass through.

The above-mentioned invention mainly has a span formed on the bottom surface of a hand-held portion for the doctor to conveniently grasp the hand-held portion, and the hook portion of the cross-section spanning the left and right bottom ends is completely attached to the vertebral joint to be drilled by the rear of the body. For example, the surface of the lamina of the cervical vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae or thoracic vertebrae can be more stably fixed on the surgical vertebra when pressed under the curved hook design; in addition, the annular hollow column of the guiding member is formed with the cervical vertebrae aligned The axial perforation of the vertebral foot of the ganglion, lumbar vertebra or thoracic vertebra can assist the doctor to accurately pass the drill bit through it, and drill into the center of the vertebral foot of the vertebral joint to improve the accuracy and safety of the spinal surgery.

The present invention relates to a drill guide for posterior spinal surgery pedicle screw implantation, which can effectively guide a k-pin or a drill bit to accurately target a vertebra Drilling at the section, in this way, can assist the surgeon to determine the position, depth and direction of the vertebral foot drilling, thereby improving the safety and success rate of the operation.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it is a drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to the present invention, which comprises: a hand-held portion 11 for hand-held; in the embodiment, the hand-held portion 11 is a The utility model has a flat rectangular shape and a through hole 12 formed at an intermediate position for convenient and stable hand-held; a span portion 13 extending downward from the bottom surface of the hand-held portion 11 and including two side brackets 131 and two hook portions 132; wherein the two hook portions 132 are Formed on the bottom end of the corresponding bracket 131, and the bottom surface of the second hook portion 132 respectively forms a surface 133 of the lamina surface corresponding to the surface of the lamina of the vertebral node 20 to be surgically operated, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3; The lamina of the surgical vertebral segment extends a curved hook 134, which is hooked on the lower edge of the lamina of the vertebral node 20 to be surgically provided, and provides a more stable support point for the hook portion 132, as shown in FIG. 4; and at least one guiding member 14 Each of the guiding members 14 extends obliquely downward from the outer wall surface of the corresponding bracket 131, and includes a connecting portion 141 and an annular hollow column 142. One end of the connecting portion 141 is connected to the outer wall of the corresponding side bracket 131. One end is connected to the annular hollow column 142, and the annular hollow column 142 is formed to be axially worn. The hole 143 is aligned with the central axis of the vertebral pedicle for mounting a titanium metal ring for the k-pin or the drill bit to pass through during surgery; in this embodiment, the second guide member 14 is included, respectively, from the corresponding bracket The outer wall of 131 extends obliquely downward.

The above-mentioned drilling guide device of the present invention can be used for fixing the cervical vertebrae, the lumbar vertebrae or the thoracic vertebrae, and assisting the spinal foramen drilling operation. When used for fixing the cervical vertebra, the opposite inner faces of the two hook portions 132 of the span portion 13 Surfaces are formed to match the outer contours of the two outer lateral walls of the cervical vertebra to fully attach the lamina and avoid the joint capsule and ligamentum flavum. When used for fixation in a lumbar vertebra, a thoracic vertebra or a cervical vertebra, the opposite inner faces of the two hook portions 132 of the span 13 are respectively formed with lamina that match the contours of the lumbar vertebrae or the thoracic vertebrae or the outer wall of the cervical vertebrae. The surface is curved to fully attach the lumbar or thoracic or cervical vertebrae, and avoid the joint capsule and ligamentum flavum.

Referring to FIG. 5, which is a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, most of the structures are substantially the same as those of the first preferred embodiment, but the drilling guide device for spinal surgery includes four guiding members 14, two of which One end of the connecting portion 141 of the guiding member 14 is commonly connected to the outer side of the corresponding bracket 131 of the span portion 13 and is provided with an angle; the connecting portion 141 of the other guiding member 14 is connected to the connecting portion 13 and the other end. The outside of the bracket 131 is also provided with an included angle to provide a doctor with a drill hole for drilling the entry point of the vertebral portion to be surgically operated, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

It can be seen from the above description that the present invention mainly forms a span on the bottom surface of a hand-held portion, so that the doctor can conveniently grasp the hand-held portion, and the two lateral hook portions of the free end of the cross-section are completely attached to the drill for the vertebral foot. The cervical vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae or thoracic vertebrae of the operation can be more stably fixed on the surgical site with the curved hook design, and the axial fixation ring of the guide is formed with the cervical vertebra, lumbar vertebra or thoracic vertebra. The axial perforation of the central axis of the vertebral foot is especially suitable for severe lateral curvature of the spine, or for the vertebral degeneration and the central axis of the vertebral foot which cannot perform relative motion between the intervertebral joints. It can assist the doctor to accurately k-pin or The drill bit passes through it and drills into the central axis of the vertebral foot of the surgical vertebra to improve the accuracy and safety of the spinal surgery.

10, 10a. . . Spinal drilling guide

11. . . Handheld department

12. . . perforation

13. . . Inter-part

131. . . Side bracket

132. . . Hook

133. . . Laminar surface

134. . . Bent hook

14. . . Guide

141. . . Connection

142. . . Annular hollow column

143. . . Axial perforation

20. . . Surgical vertebral

40. . . nerve

41. . . vertebral

42. . . Joint capsule

43. . . Yellow ligament

50. . . Auxiliary holder

51, 52. . . Supporting foot

53. . . Positioning cylinder

54. . . drill

Figure 1 is a bottom perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention and a site to be surgically treated.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention attached to a site to be surgically treated.

Figure 4: is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a bottom perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention and a site to be surgically treated.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention attached to a site to be surgically treated.

Figure 8: Schematic diagram of part of the spine and nerves of the system.

Figure 9: Schematic diagram of a spine procedure using an aid.

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the V-shaped blade support of the auxiliary member of Figure 9 placed on the spinous processes and transverse processes of the vertebral segments.

10. . . Drilling guide

11. . . Handheld department

13. . . Inter-part

131. . . Side bracket

132. . . Hook

133. . . Laminar surface

134. . . Bent hook

14. . . Guide

141. . . Connection

142. . . Annular hollow column

143. . . Axial perforation

Claims (10)

A drilling guide device for spinal surgery, comprising: a hand-held portion for hand-held; a span portion extending downward from a bottom surface of the hand-held portion, comprising two side brackets and two hook portions; wherein the two hook portions are Formed on the bottom end of the corresponding side bracket, and the bottom surface of the second hook portion forms a surface of the lamina surface corresponding to the surface of the lamina of the to-be-operated vertebra; and each hook portion corresponds to a lamina extending from the lamina of the surgical vertebra; and at least one guide a guiding member, each guiding member extends obliquely downward from an outer wall surface of the corresponding side bracket of the span portion, and includes a connecting portion and an annular hollow column; wherein one end of the connecting portion is connected to the outer side of the corresponding side bracket, and one end of the connecting portion is connected to the outer side The annular hollow column, which in turn forms an axial perforation for aligning the central axis of the vertebral pedicle. The drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to claim 1, comprising two guiding members extending obliquely downward from the outer wall surface of the corresponding side bracket. The drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to claim 1, comprising four guiding members, wherein one end of the connecting portion of the two guiding members is commonly connected to the outer side of the corresponding side bracket of the span portion, And an angle is sandwiched; the connecting ends of the other guiding members are connected to the outside of the other side bracket of the span, and an angle is also sandwiched. The drill guiding device for spinal surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hand-held portion has a flat rectangular shape and a through hole is formed at an intermediate position. The drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface of the lamina surface of the two sides of the hook portion to be treated with the cervical vertebrae is matched with the cervical vertebra, the thoracic vertebra or the lumbar vertebra The contoured surface of the outer side wall is fully attached to the vertebral arch and avoids the switch capsule and the ligamentum flavum. The drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to the fourth aspect of the patent application, wherein the surface of the lamina surface of the vertebral body to be treated on the bottom surface of the second hook portion is matched with the outer wall of the cervical vertebra, the thoracic vertebra or the lumbar vertebra The contoured surface is fully attached to the vertebral arch and avoids the switch capsule and the ligamentum flavum. The drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface of the lamina surface of the vertebral body to be treated on the bottom surface of the two hook portions is matched with the lumbar vertebra or the thoracic vertebra or the cervical vertebra The surface of the outer contour of the outer wall of the outer wall is fully attached to the lumbar vertebra or the cervical vertebrae of the cervical vertebrae, and the switch capsule and the ligamentum flavum are avoided. For example, the drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to item 4 of the patent application scope, the surface of the lamina surface of the two-hook portion to be treated with the vertebrae is matched with the lumbar vertebra or the thoracic vertebra or the left and right sides of the cervical vertebra. The contoured surface is fully attached to the lumbar vertebrae or the thoracic vertebrae or the cervical vertebrae, and the switch capsule and the ligamentum flavum are avoided. The drilling guide for spinal surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the axial perforation of the annular hollow column is provided with a metal ring for the probe to pass through. The drilling guide device for spinal surgery according to claim 9, wherein the metal ring is a titanium metal ring.