TWI419437B - Solar energy controller - Google Patents

Description

Solar Controller

The invention relates to a solar power system control technology, in particular to a solar controller.

At present, the use of solar energy has been widely used in various fields, the most common of which is the use of solar panels to charge the battery to convert solar energy into electrical energy and use the battery for storage, and then use the battery to supply power to other electrical equipment.

Charging the battery through the solar panel usually needs to be controlled by the solar controller. Usually, the solar controller provides a variety of charging voltages to the battery, such as 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, and the like. Before charging a certain battery, the operator first determines the charging voltage of the battery to be charged, and then correspondingly sets the charging mode of the solar controller to correspondingly output the charging voltage of the battery to be charged. However, sometimes due to human reasons, the charging mode of the solar controller may be set incorrectly, thereby causing the battery to be charged to be damaged. Moreover, each time the battery is replaced, the charging mode of the solar controller needs to be manually set, which reduces the working efficiency.

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a solar controller that automatically detects the battery charging voltage and automatically sets the charging mode.

A solar controller for charging a battery, the solar controller comprising:

a charging control unit capable of outputting a plurality of charging voltages for emitting a power-off control signal and a voltage detecting signal before charging, and for issuing a charging control signal after determining the charging voltage of the battery;

a switch control unit, configured to receive the power-off control signal to control the charging control unit not to output a charging voltage to the battery, to receive the voltage detection signal to output a detection voltage, and to receive the charging control signal Controlling the charging control unit to output a charging voltage to the battery; and

a detecting and comparing unit, configured to receive the detecting voltage and output at least one selected communication number to the charging control unit according to the detecting voltage, so that the charging control unit determines the charging voltage of the battery and outputs a corresponding charging voltage .

The solar controller receives the detection voltage through the detection and comparison unit, and outputs a selection communication number to the charging control unit according to the detection voltage, so that the charging control unit determines the charging voltage of the battery and outputs a corresponding charging. The voltage eliminates the need to manually set the charging mode, which not only improves efficiency, but also avoids setting errors caused by human factors.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the solar controller 10 of the present invention is used to charge a battery 20 . The preferred embodiment includes a charging control unit 12 , a switch control unit 14 and a detection and comparison unit 16 . It should be noted that only the charging control unit 12 that directly controls the charging of the battery 20 in the solar controller 10 and the switch control unit 14 and the detection comparing unit 16 between the two are shown. The other circuit parts in the device 10 are conventional techniques and therefore will not be described in detail herein.

The charging control unit 12 includes a charging pin CH, a charging control pin CO, a detecting pin DE, and two strobe pins CS1 and CS2.

The switch control unit 14 includes a first electrical switching element such as a field effect transistor Q1, a second electrical switching element such as a field effect transistor Q2, and two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2. The source (first end) of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the charging pin CH of the charging control unit 12, the gate (second end) of the field effect transistor Q1 and the charging control of the charging control unit 12 The pin CO is connected, and the drain (third end) of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the battery 20. The source (first end) of the field effect transistor Q2 is grounded through the two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 in sequence, and the gate (second end) of the field effect transistor Q2 and the detection lead of the charging control unit 12 The foot DE is connected, and the drain (third end) of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 20. The negative electrode of the battery 20 is grounded. In other embodiments, other types of electrical switching elements may be selected for the two field effect transistors Q1 and Q2.

The detection and comparison unit 16 includes a first comparator OP1, a second comparator OP2, a third comparator OP3, and a trigger U. The non-inverting input terminals of the first to third comparators OP1 - OP3 are both connected to a node between the two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 to receive a detecting voltage VDE. The inverting input terminals of the first to third comparators OP1 - OP3 are respectively connected to the first to third reference voltages VREF1 - VREF3 , and the output terminal of the first comparator OP1 is connected to the gate of the charging control unit 12 a pin CS1 and a trigger terminal S of the flip-flop U, an output end of the second comparator OP2 is connected to the first input terminal Q' of the flip-flop U, and an output end of the third comparator OP3 is connected to the flip-flop U The second input Q. The output D of the flip-flop U is connected to the strobe pin CS2 of the charge control unit 12.

In this embodiment, the charging voltage that can be output by the charging control unit 12 includes four types: 12V, 24V, 36V, and 48V. The voltage relationship of the first to third reference voltages VREF1-VREF3 is: VREF2<VREF1<VREF3, and the voltage The values are VREF1=26V*R2/(R1+R2), VREF2=14V*R2/(R1+R2), and VREF3=38V*R2/(R1+R2). That is, the following relationship is satisfied:

12V<[VREF2*(R1+R2)/R2=14V]<24V<

[VREF1*(R1+R2)/R2=26V]<36V<

[VREF3*(R1+R2)/R2=38V]<48V. Wherein R1 and R2 also represent the resistance values of the two resistors R1 and R2, respectively. In other embodiments, the charging voltage outputted by the charging control unit 12 may also be set to other numbers and other parameter values, and the number of comparators in the detecting and comparing unit 16 will be correspondingly increased or decreased, and the number of the reference voltages will correspond to The increase or decrease of the voltage value of the reference voltage will also be adjusted accordingly to meet the comparison requirements, and is not limited to the specific number and parameter values given in the embodiment.

During operation, the charging control power supply 12 first sends a power-off control signal such as a low-level signal to the field effect transistor Q1 through the charging control pin CO to turn off the battery. 20 to charge. At the same time, the charging control power supply 12 sends a voltage detection signal such as a high level signal to the field effect transistor Q2 to turn on the detection pin DE, and triggers the detection comparison unit 16 to apply voltage to the battery 20. Detecting, at this time, the detection voltage of the node between the two voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 is VDE=VBA*R2/(R1+R2), and VBA is the charging voltage of the battery 20.

If VDE>VREF1, the output of the first comparator OP1 outputs a high level signal to the strobe pin CS1 of the charging control power supply 12 and the trigger terminal S of the flip flop U. The second input terminal Q transmits the signal received by the output terminal D to the strobe pin CS2 of the charging control power supply 12; if VDE < VREF1, the output terminal of the first comparator OP1 outputs a low level. Signaling to the strobe pin CS1 of the charging control power supply 12 and the triggering end S of the flip-flop U, the first input terminal Q' of the flip-flop U transmits the received signal to the output terminal D through the output terminal D. Charge control power supply 12 strobe pin CS2.

When the trigger terminal S of the flip-flop U is at a high level, if VDE>VREF3 (indicating that the voltage of the battery 20 is 48V), the output end of the third comparator OP3 outputs a high level signal, and the charging is performed at this time. The strobe pin CS2 of the control power source 12 is a high level selection communication number; if VDE < VREF3 (indicating that the voltage of the battery 20 is 36V), the output end of the third comparator OP3 outputs a low level signal. When the strobe pin CS2 of the charging control power supply 12 is at a low level, the communication number is selected.

When the trigger terminal S of the flip-flop U is low, if VDE>VREF2 (indicating that the voltage of the battery 20 is 24V), the output of the second comparator OP2 outputs a high-level signal, and the charging is performed at this time. The strobe pin CS2 of the control power supply 12 is a high level selection communication number; if VDE < VREF2 (indicating that the voltage of the battery 20 is 12V), the output end of the second comparator OP2 outputs a low level signal. When the strobe pin CS2 of the charging control power supply 12 is at a low level, the communication number is selected.

As can be seen from the above, the relationship between the strobe pins CS1 and CS2 of the charge control power source 12 and the charging voltage of the battery 20 is as follows:

The charging control unit 12 determines the charging mode of the solar controller 10 to output the corresponding voltage after determining the charging voltage required by the battery 20 according to the voltage relationship table, and the charging control unit 12 transmits the charging control pin 12 through the charging control pin CO. A charging control signal, such as a high level signal, is applied to the field effect transistor Q1 to turn it on. At this time, the charging control unit 12 charges the battery 20 through the charging pin CH. The switch unit 14 can also be configured as another circuit structure, and the charging pin CH does not charge the battery 20 as long as the switch unit 14 receives the power-off control signal from the charging control pin CO, and the charging control After the unit 12 determines the voltage required by the battery 20, the switch unit 14 receives the charging control pin CO to issue a charging control signal, the charging pin CH charges the battery 20, and receives the voltage detecting signal, and outputs the voltage The detection voltage VDE is given to the detection and comparison unit 16, and is not limited to the specific circuit given in the embodiment.

The solar controller 10 of the present invention receives the detection voltage VDE through the detection and comparison unit 16, and outputs a selection communication number to the charging control unit 12 according to the detection voltage VDE, so that the charging control unit 12 determines the battery 20 The charging voltage and the corresponding charging voltage are output, so that the charging mode setting is not required manually, which not only improves the efficiency, but also avoids setting errors caused by human factors.

In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent and submits a patent application according to law. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art will be included in the following claims.

10‧‧‧Solar controller
12‧‧‧Charging control unit
14‧‧‧Switch control unit
16‧‧‧Detection comparison unit
U‧‧ Trigger
OP1‧‧‧First Comparator
OP2‧‧‧Second comparator
OP3‧‧‧ third comparator
R1, R2‧‧‧ voltage divider resistor
Q1, Q2‧‧‧ field effect transistor
20‧‧‧Battery

1 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a solar controller of the present invention and a battery.

10‧‧‧Solar controller

12‧‧‧Charging control unit

14‧‧‧Switch control unit

16‧‧‧Detection comparison unit

U‧‧ Trigger

OP1‧‧‧First Comparator

OP2‧‧‧Second comparator

OP3‧‧‧ third comparator

R1, R2‧‧‧ voltage divider resistor

Q1, Q2‧‧‧ field effect transistor

20‧‧‧Battery

Claims (6)

A solar controller for charging a battery, the solar controller comprising:
a charging control unit capable of outputting a plurality of charging voltages for emitting a power-off control signal and a voltage detecting signal before charging, and for issuing a charging control signal after determining the charging voltage of the battery;
a switch control unit, configured to receive the power-off control signal to control the charging control unit not to output a charging voltage to the battery, to receive the voltage detection signal to output a detection voltage, and to receive the charging control signal Controlling the charging control unit to output a charging voltage to the battery; and a detecting and comparing unit, configured to receive the detecting voltage and output at least one selected communication number to the charging control unit according to the detecting voltage, so that the charging control The unit determines the charging voltage of the battery and outputs a corresponding charging voltage. The solar controller of claim 1, wherein the switch control unit comprises a first electrical switching component, a second electrical switching component, first and second resistors, and the first electrical switching component The receiving end receives the charging voltage from the charging control unit, the second end of the first electrical switching element receives the power-off control signal and the charging control signal, and the third end of the first electrical switching element is connected to the positive pole of the battery, The first end of the second electrical switching element is grounded through the first and second resistors, the second end of the second electrical switching element receives the voltage detecting signal, and the third end of the second electrical switching element is connected to the battery The positive poles of the battery are connected to each other, the negative pole of the battery is grounded, the node between the first and second resistors outputs the detecting voltage, and the first and second electrical switching elements are turned on when the first end thereof is at a high level, and the battery is low. Usually closed. The solar controller of claim 2, wherein the first and second electrical switching elements are field effect transistors, and the first to third ends of the first and second electrical switching elements respectively correspond to a field The source, gate and drain of the effect transistor. The solar controller of claim 2, wherein the detection comparison unit comprises a first comparator, a second comparator, a third comparator, and a flip-flop, the first to third comparisons The non-inverting input terminal of the device receives the detection voltage, and the inverting input ends of the first to third comparators are respectively connected to the first to third reference voltages, and the output end of the first comparator is connected to the charging control unit a first strobe pin and a trigger terminal of the flip flop, an output of the second comparator is coupled to the first input of the flip flop, and an output of the third comparator is coupled to the second input of the flip flop The output of the flip-flop is coupled to the second strobe pin of the charge control unit. The solar controller of claim 4, wherein the charging control unit outputs a charging voltage including first to fourth charging voltages, voltage values of the first to third reference voltages, and the first to fourth The relationship between the voltage values of the charging voltages is: the first charging voltage <the second reference voltage*(R1+R2)/R2<the second charging voltage<the first reference voltage*(R1+R2)/R2<the third charging The voltage <the third reference voltage*(R1+R2)/R2<the fourth charging voltage, wherein R1 and R2 are the resistance values of the first and second resistors, respectively. The solar controller of claim 5, wherein the voltage values of the first to fourth charging voltages are 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, respectively, and the voltage values of the first to third reference voltages are respectively 26V. *R2/(R1+R2), 14V*R2/(R1+R2), 38V*R2/(R1+R2).