TWI413296B - Balun - Google Patents

Abstract

A balun is provided. The balun includes a first substrate, a feed conductor, a second substrate, a first ground layer, a second ground layer and a common ground element. The feed conductor includes a feed portion and an extended feed portion. The feed conductor is disposed on the first substrate. The first ground layer is disposed on the second substrate corresponding to the feed portion. The second ground layer is disposed on the second substrate corresponding to the extended feed portion. A gap is formed between the first and second ground layers. The common ground element is disposed on the second substrate. The common ground element is electrically connected to the first and second ground layers. The common ground element includes a first common ground portion parallel and corresponding to the feed conductor.

Description

Balanced-unbalanced converter

The present invention relates to a balanced-unbalanced converter, and more particularly to a simple balanced-unbalanced converter.

Referring to Fig. 1a, there is shown a conventional balanced-unbalanced converter 1 which is a cylindrical structure. Referring to FIG. 1b, a cross-sectional view of a conventional balun 1 is shown. The balun 1 includes a feed conductor 10, a first ground element 21, a second ground element 22, and A common grounding element 30. The first ground element 21 and the second ground element 22 surround the feed conductor 10. The common ground element 30 surrounds the first ground element 21 and the second ground element 22. The first grounding element 21 is connected to a first output port 23, and the second grounding element 22 is connected to a second output port 24. The common ground element 30 is electrically connected to the first ground element 21 and the second ground element 22.

In the prior art, since each of the feeding conductor 10, the first grounding member 21, the second grounding member 22, and the common grounding member 30 needs to be machined, the processing is time consuming and difficult, and Manufacturing costs are high.

The present invention provides a balanced-unbalanced converter for solving the problems of the prior art, comprising a first substrate, a feed conductor, a second substrate, a first ground layer, a second ground layer, and A common grounding element. The feed conductor includes a feed portion and a feed extension, and the feed conductor is disposed on the first substrate. The first ground layer is disposed on the second substrate, and is disposed on the second substrate, and the second ground layer is disposed on the second substrate, and is fed to the extension portion, the first ground layer and the second connection There is a gap between the formations. The common grounding component is disposed on the second substrate, wherein the common grounding component is electrically connected to the first grounding layer and the second grounding layer, and the common grounding component comprises a first common grounding portion, the first common grounding The portions are parallel to the feed conductor, and the width of the first ground layer and the second ground layer in the short axis direction is greater than the line width of the first common ground portion.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a planarization balance can be obtained by providing a feed conductor, a first ground layer, a second ground layer, and a common ground element on the first substrate and the second substrate. Unbalanced converter structure. Since the above structure can be easily manufactured in a large amount by a related art such as a semiconductor process, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the manufacturing time can be shortened. Further, the present invention can easily increase the operation bandwidth of the balun by reducing the line width of the first common ground portion.

Referring to FIG. 2, a balanced-unbalanced converter 100 for converting an unbalanced signal to a balanced signal includes a first substrate 110, a feed conductor 120, and a second The substrate 130, a first ground layer 140, a second ground layer 150, and a common ground element 160. The first substrate 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 opposite to the second surface 112. The feed conductor 120 includes a feed portion 121 and a feed extension portion 122. The feed conductor 120 is disposed above the first surface 111 and extends along a first axis X. The second substrate 130 includes a third surface 131 opposite to the fourth surface 132 and a third surface 131 opposite to the second surface 112. The first ground layer 140 is disposed on the third surface 131 and is fed to the portion 121. The second ground layer 150 is disposed on the third surface 131 and is fed into the extension portion 122. The first ground layer 140 and the second ground layer 150 have a gap 101 therebetween. The common grounding element 160 is disposed on the fourth surface 132. The common grounding component 160 is electrically connected to the first grounding layer 140 and the second grounding layer 150. The common grounding component 160 includes a first common grounding portion. 161. The first common ground portion 161 is parallel to the first axis X and is fed into the conductor 120.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, by reducing the line width of the first common ground portion, the characteristic impedance value between the first ground layer 140 and the first common ground portion 161 can be increased, and the second connection is also improved. The characteristic impedance value between the formation 150 and the first common ground portion 161, whereby the operating bandwidth of the balun 100 can be increased.

The width of the feed portion 121 is smaller than the width of the feed extension portion 122.

In this embodiment, the first ground plane and the second ground plane are designed to have an impedance of 50 ohms. The line widths of the first and second output turns are 0.35 mm, the line widths of the first and second ground layers are 3 mm, and the line widths of the first and second common ground portions are 0.2 mm. The gap width between the first ground layer and the second ground layer is 0.25 mm, and the height (thickness) between the first and second ground layers and the common ground portion is 1 mm. The ratio between the line width of the first and second ground layers and the line width of the first common ground portion is between about 18:1 and 12:1.

The first ground layer 140 includes a first output port 151, and the second ground layer 150 includes a second output port 151. The first output port 141 and the second output port 151 are located above a second axis Y. And extending respectively in opposite directions, the second axis Y being perpendicular to the first axis X. The common grounding component 160 further includes a second common grounding portion 162 that is perpendicular to the first common grounding portion 161 and that corresponds in parallel to the first output port 141 and the second output port 151.

The gap 101 extends along a third axis Z, and the third axis Z has an angle θ with the second axis Y, and the angle θ can fall between +/- 80 degrees.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first ground layer 140 and the second ground layer 150 are substantially trapezoidal, the first output port 141 is located at a corner of the first ground layer 140, and the second output port 151 is located at the A corner of the second ground layer 150. The length L of the first ground layer 140 and the second ground layer 150 in the major axis direction is each about a quarter wavelength of the signal.

The second substrate 130 further includes a first connecting pillar 133 and a second connecting pillar 134. The first connecting pillar 133 extends through the second substrate 130 and is electrically connected to the first ground layer 140 and the first common The grounding portion 161 extends through the second substrate 130 and is electrically connected to the second ground layer 150 and the first common ground portion 161 .

In an embodiment of the present invention, a planarization balance can be obtained by providing a feed conductor, a first ground layer, a second ground layer, and a common ground element on the first substrate and the second substrate. Unbalanced converter structure. Since the above structure can be easily manufactured in a large amount by a related art such as a semiconductor process, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the manufacturing time can be shortened. Furthermore, the present invention can simply increase the output operation bandwidth of the balun by reducing the line width of the first common ground portion.

Referring to FIG. 3, a balanced-unbalanced converter 100' according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown for converting an unbalanced signal to a balanced signal, including a first substrate 110, a feed conductor 120, and a first The second substrate 130, a first ground layer 140, a second ground layer 150, and a common grounding element 160'. The first substrate 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 opposite to the second surface 112. The feed conductor 120 includes a feed portion 121 and a feed extension portion 122. The feed conductor 120 is disposed above the first surface 111 and extends along a first axis X. The second substrate 130 includes a third surface 131 opposite to the fourth surface 132 and a third surface 131 opposite to the second surface 112. The first ground layer 140 is disposed on the third surface 131 and is fed to the portion 121. The second ground layer 150 is disposed on the third surface 131 and is fed into the extension portion 122. The first ground layer 140 and the second ground layer 150 have a gap 101 therebetween. A common grounding member 160' is disposed on the fourth surface 132. The common grounding member 160' has a first hollow portion 161', a second hollow portion 162', and a partition portion 163'. The partition portion 163' is interposed between the first hollow portion 161' and the second hollow portion 162'. The first hollow portion 161 ′ corresponds to the first ground layer 140 , and the second hollow portion 162 ′ corresponds to the second ground layer 150 , wherein the common ground element 160 ′ and the first ground layer 140 and the second connection The formation 150 is electrically conductive.

The second embodiment is characterized in that, through the design of the first hollow portion 161' and the second hollow portion 162', the characteristic impedance between the first ground layer 140 and the common grounding element 160' can be improved, and the second is also improved. The characteristic impedance between the ground plane 150 and the common ground element 160', thereby increasing the operating bandwidth of the balun 100'.

In the second embodiment, the first hollow portion 161' and the second hollow portion 162' are rectangular, but the invention is not limited thereto, and the first hollow portion 161' and the second hollow portion 162' may also be It is trapezoidal, circular or other shape.

Referring to FIG. 4, a balanced-unbalanced converter 100'' of a third embodiment of the present invention is shown for converting an unbalanced signal to a balanced signal, including a first substrate 110, a feed conductor 120, and a The second substrate 130, a first ground layer 140, a second ground layer 150, and a common ground element 160'. The first substrate 110 includes a first surface 111 , a second surface 112 , and a communication post 113 . The first surface 111 is opposite to the second surface 112 .

The feeding conductor 120 ′ includes a feeding portion 121 ′ and a feeding extension portion 122 ′. The feeding portion 121 ′ is disposed on the first surface 111 , and the feeding extension portion 122 ′ is disposed on the second surface 112 . The feed portion 121 ′ and the feed extension portion 122 ′ are parallel to a first axis X. The feed portion 121 ′ is electrically connected to the feed extension portion 122 ′ through the communication post 113 . The first ground layer 140 is disposed on the third surface 131 and is fed to the portion 121. The second ground layer 150 is disposed on the third surface 131 and is fed into the extension portion 122. The first ground layer 140 and the second ground layer 150 have a gap 101 therebetween. A common grounding member 160' is disposed on the fourth surface 132. The common grounding member 160' has a first hollow portion 161', a second hollow portion 162', and a partition portion 163'. The partition portion 163' is interposed between the first hollow portion 161' and the second hollow portion 162'. The first hollow portion 161 ′ corresponds to the first ground layer 140 ′ the second hollow portion 162 ′ corresponds to the second ground layer 150 , wherein the common ground element 160 ′ and the first ground layer 140 and the second connection The formation 150 is electrically conductive.

In the third embodiment, a spacer material 102 is disposed between the second surface 112 and the third surface 132 to electrically separate the feed extension and the second ground layer. The spacer material 102 can be an adhesive layer.

The third embodiment is characterized in that by moving the feed extension portion 122' to the second surface 112, the distance between the feed extension portion 122' and the second ground layer 150 can be shortened, thereby reducing the feed extension. The width of the portion 122'. In this embodiment, the width of the feed portion is substantially equal to the width of the feed extension.

Although the present invention has been described above in terms of the preferred embodiments thereof, it is not intended to limit the invention, and those skilled in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

1. . . Balanced-unbalanced converter

10. . . Feed conductor

twenty one. . . First grounding element

twenty two. . . Second grounding element

twenty three. . . First output埠

twenty four. . . Second output埠

30. . . Common grounding element

100, 100', 100''. . . Balanced-unbalanced converter

101. . . gap

110. . . First substrate

111. . . First surface

112. . . Second surface

113. . . Connecting column

120, 120’. . . Feed conductor

121, 121’. . . Feeding department

122, 122’. . . Feeding extension

130. . . Second substrate

131. . . Third surface

132. . . Fourth surface

133. . . First connecting column

134. . . Second connecting column

140. . . First ground plane

141. . . First output埠

150. . . Second ground plane

151. . . Second output埠

160, 160’. . . Common grounding element

161. . . First common grounding

162. . . Second common grounding

161’. . . First hollow

162’. . . Second hollow

163’. . . Separator

Figure 1a shows a conventional balanced-unbalanced converter;

Figure 1b shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional balanced-unbalanced converter;

Figure 2 is a diagram showing a balun of a first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a diagram showing a balun of a second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a view showing a balun of a third embodiment of the present invention.

100. . . Balanced-unbalanced converter

101. . . gap

110. . . First substrate

111. . . First surface

112. . . Second surface

120. . . Feed conductor

121. . . Feeding department

122. . . Feeding extension

130. . . Second substrate

131. . . Third surface

132. . . Fourth surface

133. . . First connecting column

134. . . Second connecting column

140. . . First ground plane

141. . . First output埠

150. . . Second ground plane

151. . . Second output埠

160. . . Common ground plane

161. . . First common grounding

162. . . Second common grounding

Claims (16)

A balanced-unbalanced converter includes: a first substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the second surface; a feed conductor including a feed portion and a feed An extension portion, the feed conductor is disposed on the first surface and extends along a first axis; a second substrate includes a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface is opposite to the second surface; a first ground layer is disposed on the third surface and is corresponding to the feeding portion; a second ground layer is disposed on the third surface and is fed to the extending portion, the first ground layer and a gap is formed between the second ground layers; and a common grounding element is disposed on the fourth surface, wherein the common grounding element is electrically connected to the first ground layer and the second ground layer, the common ground The component includes a first common ground portion parallel to the first axis and fed to the conductor, wherein the first ground layer includes a first output port, and the second ground layer includes a second Output 埠, the first output 埠 and the The second output turns are located above a second axis and extend in opposite directions, respectively, the second axis being perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the feed conductor spans the gap. The balanced-unbalanced converter of claim 1, wherein a width of the first ground layer and the second ground layer in a short axis direction is greater than a line width of the first common ground portion. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 1, wherein the width of the feed portion is smaller than the width of the feed extension. The balanced-unbalanced converter of claim 1, wherein the common grounding element further comprises a second common grounding portion, the second common grounding portion is perpendicular to the first common grounding portion, and corresponds in parallel At the first output port and the second Output 埠. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 1, wherein the gap extends along a third axis, and the third axis has an angle with the second axis, and the angle may fall on the +/ - between 80 degrees. The balanced-unbalanced converter of claim 1, wherein the first ground layer and the second ground layer are trapezoidal, the first output port is located at a corner of the first ground layer, and the second The output port is located at a corner of the second ground plane. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 1, wherein the second substrate further comprises a first connecting post and a second connecting post, the first connecting post penetrating the second substrate The first grounding layer and the first common grounding portion are electrically connected to the second grounding plate and electrically connected to the second grounding layer and the first common grounding portion. A balanced-unbalanced converter includes: a first substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the second surface; a feed conductor including a feed portion and a feed An extension portion, the feed conductor is disposed on the first surface and extends along a first axis; a second substrate includes a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface is opposite to the second surface; a first ground layer is disposed on the third surface and is corresponding to the feeding portion; a second ground layer is disposed on the third surface and is fed to the extending portion, the first ground layer and a gap is formed between the second ground layer; and a common grounding element is disposed on the fourth surface, the common grounding element has a first hollow portion and a second hollow portion, the first hollow portion corresponding to a first ground layer, the second hollow portion corresponding to the second ground layer, wherein the common ground element is electrically connected to the first ground layer and the second ground layer, wherein the first ground layer The first grounding layer includes a second output layer, the first output port and the second output port are located above a second axis and extend in opposite directions, the second axis is vertical In the first axis, the first ground layer and the second ground layer are trapezoidal, the first output port is located at a corner of the first ground layer, and the second output port is located at a corner of the second ground layer. Wherein the feed conductor crosses the gap. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 8, wherein the first hollow portion and the second hollow portion are rectangular. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 8, wherein the width of the feed portion is smaller than the width of the feed extension. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 8, wherein the common grounding element further comprises a partition between the first hollow portion and the second hollow portion, the partition The portions correspond in parallel to the first output port and the second output port. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 8, wherein the gap extends along a third axis, and the third axis has an angle with the second axis, and the angle may fall on the +/ - between 80 degrees. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 8, wherein the second substrate further comprises a first connecting post and a second connecting post, the first connecting post penetrating the second substrate The first ground layer and the common ground element are electrically connected to the second substrate and electrically connected to the second ground layer and the common ground element. A balanced-unbalanced converter comprising: a first substrate comprising a first surface, a second surface, and a connecting post, the first surface being opposite to the second surface; a feed conductor comprising a feed portion And a feed-in extension, the feed-in portion Above the first surface, the feed extension is disposed on the second surface, the feed portion and the feed extension extend parallel to a first axis, and the feed portion is electrically connected to the feed through the communication post a second substrate includes a third surface and a fourth surface opposite to the fourth surface, the third surface is opposite to the second surface; a first ground layer is disposed on the a third surface above and a feed portion; a second ground layer disposed on the third surface and correspondingly fed into the extension, the first ground layer and the second ground layer having a a gap; a spacer material disposed between the feed extension and the second ground layer; and a common ground element disposed on the fourth surface and parallel to the first axis, wherein the common ground An element is electrically connected to the first ground layer and the second ground layer, wherein the first ground layer includes a first output port, the second ground layer includes a second output port, the first output port and the first The two output turns are located above a second axis and are respectively facing each other Extending in a direction perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the gap extends along a third axis, the third axis having an angle with the second axis, the angle falling within +/- 80 degrees Between, wherein the feed conductor crosses the gap. The balance-unbalanced converter of claim 14, wherein the feed portion has a width substantially equal to a width of the feed extension. A balanced-unbalanced converter includes: a first substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the second surface; a feed conductor including a feed portion and a feed An extension portion, the feed conductor is disposed on the first surface and extends along a first axis; a second substrate includes a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface is opposite to the second surface; a first ground layer disposed on the third surface and corresponding to the feed portion, wherein the feed conductor is not short-circuited with the first ground layer; a second ground layer is disposed on the third surface And a gap is formed between the first ground layer and the second ground layer; and a common grounding element is disposed on the fourth surface, wherein the common grounding element is The first ground layer and the second ground layer are electrically connected, and the common ground element includes a first common ground portion parallel to the first axis and fed to the conductor, wherein the feed conductor crosses Pass the gap.