TWI404416B - Digital speed conversion method - Google Patents

Abstract

A k speedup fast forward mechanism of digital video is disclosed. It comprises a video film which comprises a plurality of group of pictures (GOP). Each group of pictures comprises an intact frame (I Frame) and a plurality of predictive frames (P Frame). Meanwhile, a plurality of frame cycles are defined by the video film and each frame cycle comprises at least a group of pictures when the video film is played at speed of multiple times. Amount of group of pictures comprised in the frame cycle is classified based on a classification rule set consisting of at least a classification rule, and then broadcasting is carried out based on a classification rule set consisting of at least a classification rule, thereby facilitating intact VCR function and effect of smooth broadcasting.

Description

K-speed fast forward method for digital video

The invention relates to the playback of digital video, in particular to a K-speed fast forward method for digital video.

With the increasing popularity of the Internet, some Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are often on the market to offer an interactive version of the Client-Server Structure network system. Video on Demand, the main working principle is to use the interactive interface in the network system, so that the client can provide the video directory in the interactive interface according to the access terminal (such as file server). , arbitrarily select one of the videos to play, and in general, the most commonly used commands in the interactive video playback system are Play, Stop, Fast Forward, and Reverse Fast ( Fast Backward), so how to add these functions to digital video has become a major challenge for digital video operators.

At present, there are several playback techniques and methods for processing digital video fast-forward, assuming that the fast-speed multiple is V:

1. The number of frames played per second (fps) is increased to V times.

For example, when playing 30 video frames per second, when the fast forward speed is 2×, the number of video frames per second should be sixty (30×2), and the other multiple speeds and so on.

2, using the jump play method, take some of the frame back to play

For example, when the double speed of the fast forward is 2×, only the first message is played for every two frames. The box, the rest skip, the other double speed and so on.

Although the above-mentioned digital video playback method can achieve the fast-forward function of the video recorder, the first method must rely on higher-order hardware devices and the network environment to support, and the sensitivity of the human eye to accept picture changes is limited.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a K-speed fast-forward method for digital video, which can provide a video cassette recorder (VCR) function operation, and reduce the waiting time from the start of playback of the video recorder function to the start of playback.

The K-speed fast-speed method for digital video of the present invention provides a video film, and the video film includes a plurality of Group of Pictures (GOP), and each frame group includes There is a complete frame (I Frame) and a plurality of forward frame (P Frame). At the same time, when the video is played in a multiple playing ratio, the video film defines a plurality of frame cycles, and each message The frame loop system includes at least one frame group, and the number of frame groups included in the frame cycle is classified according to a classification rule group composed of at least one classification rule, and then played according to at least one playing rule. The rule group is played.

Thereby, the waiting time after the operation of the video recorder function is reduced. In addition, the K-speed fast forward method of the digital video of the present invention further includes the playback of the backward forward and the fast backward (Fast backward). the way.

First, please refer to the first and second figures, which are respectively a schematic diagram of the frame playback of the Fast Forward and a frame playback of the fast backward. The method of the present invention is applicable. In all devices or network environments where digital video can be played, such as video on demand, network streaming, digital video appliances, computers, mobile phones, surveillance and other devices and environments.

The method of the present invention has a video film 100, and the video film 100 includes a plurality of Group of Pictures (GOP), and each frame group 101 includes a complete frame 102 (I). Frame) and a plurality of forward reference frames 103 (P Frame). Meanwhile, when the video film 100 is played at a playback multiple K, the video film 100 defines a plurality of frame rounds 104, and each The frame cycle 104 includes at least one frame group 101, and the number of the frame groups 101 included in the frame cycle 104 is classified according to a classification rule group composed of at least one classification rule, and is further based on at least A play rule group consisting of a play rule is played, wherein the classification rule group and the rules of the play rule group respectively include:

1. The classification rule group indicates that when the play multiplier K is less than or equal to the total number M of frames of the single frame group 101, and the total number of frames M of the frame group 101 is an integer multiple of the play multiple K Each frame cycle 104 has a frame group 101, and is indicated by the play rule group, and each frame cycle 104 is played only for the first W frames, where W= ^M / _K .

2. The classification rule group indicates that when the play multiplier K is smaller than the total number M of frames of the single frame group 101, and the total number of frames M of the frame group 101 is not an integer multiple of the play multiple K Each frame cycle 104 has N frame groups 101. In addition, as indicated by the play rule group, the video film 100 must select W frames to play in the frame cycle 104. And the frame cycle 104 is selected from the first N-1 frame groups 101, and the first frame is selected for playing, and the Nth frame group 101 selects the first J frames for playing, wherein N= ^K / _gcd(K,M) , gcd(K,M) is the greatest common factor of K and M, W= ^M / _gcd(K,M) , I= ^W / _N , It is a Gaussian function, which represents the largest integer less than or equal to x, J=(W-(N-1)×I). In addition, when the number of frame groups 101 included in the video film 100 is not the frame loop When the number of frame groups 101 included in 104 is an integer multiple of N, the last frame cycle 104 of the video film 100 will only have Q frame groups 101, and Q<N, therefore, Q is required. S frames are selected in the frame group 101 for playing, and are selected first by the first Q-1 frame groups 101. ^S / _Q The frames are played, and the Qth frame is selected before {S- ^S / _Q (Q-1)} frames are played, where S= ^Q×M / _K .

3. The classification rule group indicates that the playback multiplier K is greater than the total number M of frames of each frame group 101, and the play multiplier K is an integer multiple of the total number of frames M of the frame group 101. The frame cycle 104 has U frame groups 101, and is indicated by the play rule group, and each frame cycle 104 is only played for the complete frame 102 of the first frame group 101. , where U= ^K / _M .

4. The classification rule group indicates that the playback multiplier K is greater than the total number M of frames of each frame group 101, and the play multiplier K is not an integer of the total number of frames M of the frame group 101. In the case of multiple times, the frame cycle 104 has T frame groups 101. In addition, as indicated by the play rule group, the video film 100 must select X frames to play in the frame cycle 104. And the frame cycle 104 only selects the complete frame 102 in the Kth frame group 101 for playing, wherein T= ^K / _gcd(K,M) , gcd(K,M) is K and The greatest common divisor of ^M , X = ^M / _{gcd(K, M)} , V = O × P, P = ^T / _X , O=1, 2....., X; in addition, when the number of frame groups 101 included in the video film 100 is not the number of frame groups 101 included in the frame cycle 104, The integer frame time of the video film 100 will only have R frame groups 101, and R<T, therefore, Y frames need to be selected from R frame groups 101. Playing, and selecting the complete frame 102 in the Lth frame group 101 for playing, wherein Y= ^R×M / _K , L=A×B, B= ^R / _Y , A=1, 2....., Y.

Still referring to the first figure, when the video video 100 is fast forwarded, the total number M of frames in the frame group 101 is 8, and when the playing multiple K is 2, then each The frame cycle 104 has a frame group 101, and each frame cycle 104 is only played for the first four frames, that is, the frame group 101 plays the complete frame 102(I) and the front. After the broadcast to the reference frame 103 (P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ ), it will jump to the next frame cycle 104 for playing, and so on; in addition, when the playback multiple K is 16 for playing, Each frame cycle 104 has a two-frame group 101, and each frame cycle 104 is only played for the complete frame 102(I) of the first frame group 101; and the remaining play rules are only required to be followed. The foregoing provisions are played, so they will not be described here.

Still referring to the second figure, when operating the video film 100 in the reverse backwards, since the image compression is based on the frame group 101, the compression of the frame in the same frame group 101 will be It is related to the previous frame. Therefore, when decompressing, the complete frame 102 must be decompressed in order, and the total number of frames M in the frame group 101 is 4, and when the playback multiple K is 2 At the same time, the frame currently being played is in the state of the complete frame 102 (I ₄ ), and if the present situation is implemented, the complete frame 102 (I _{4 ,} I ₃ ) and the forward reference message must be sequentially followed. Box 103 ( ), complete frame 102 (I ₂ ) and forward reference frame 103 ( Put into a receiving buffer space 105 (Receive_Buffer), and sequentially decompress the frame in the receiving buffer space 105, and store the decompressed frame in the decoding buffer space 106 (Decoded_Buffer), Then, the frame in the decoding buffer space 106 is sequentially read into the play buffer space 107 (Playback_Buffer) for playback by the following method (Fast-backward play algorithm); and the remaining play rules are only required to be followed. The foregoing provisions are played, so they will not be described here.

Fast-backward play algorithm

1:if(Decoded_Buffer non empty)then

2: A = Read (Decoded_Buffer);

3: if (A=I Frame) then

5:while(non empty of stack)

6: Pop stack to Playback_Buffer;

7:Push A to stack;

8:else

9:Push A to stack;

10:else

11: Pop stack to Playback_Buffer;

The features of the present invention and the achievable expected effects thereof are as follows: The K-speed fast-forward method of the digital video of the present invention can provide a video cassette recorder (VCR) function operation, and can further reduce the recording and playback. Waiting time after the operation of the camera.

In summary, the present invention has excellent advancement and practicability in similar products, and at the same time, the technical materials of such structures are frequently investigated at home and abroad, and the same structure is not found in the literature. The invention already has the invention patent requirements, and the application is filed according to law.

However, the above-mentioned ones are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the equivalent structural changes of the present invention and the scope of the claims are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

100‧‧‧ video

101‧‧‧ Frame Group

102‧‧‧Full frame

103‧‧‧Forward reference frame

104‧‧‧ Frame loop

105‧‧‧ Receiving buffer space

106‧‧‧Decoding buffer space

107‧‧‧Play buffer space

The first figure is a schematic diagram of the frame playback of the Fast Forward of the present invention.

The second figure is a schematic diagram of the frame playback of the fast backward of the present invention.

100‧‧‧ video

101‧‧‧ Frame Group

102‧‧‧Full frame

103‧‧‧Forward reference frame

104‧‧‧ Frame loop

Claims (7)

A K-speed fast-forward method for digital video, which provides a video movie, and the video film includes a plurality of Group of Pictures (GOP), and each frame group includes a complete I Frame and a plurality of P Frames. At the same time, when a video is played in a multiple, the video defines a plurality of frames and each frame is cycled. The system includes at least one frame group, and the number of frame groups included in the frame cycle is classified according to a classification rule group composed of at least one classification rule, and then according to at least one playing rule. To play. According to the K-speed fast-forward method of digital video according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the classification rule group indicates that the playback multiplier K is less than or equal to the total number M of frames of a single frame group, and the message When the total number of frames of the frame group is an integer multiple of the multiple of the playback, each frame cycle has a frame group, and is indicated by the play rule group, and each frame cycle is only for the first W messages. The box plays, where W= ^M / _K . According to the K-speed fast-forward method of the digital video according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the classification rule group indicates that the playback multiplier K is smaller than the total number M of frames of the single frame group, and the frame When the total number of frames of the group is not an integer multiple of the multiple of the playback, each frame cycle has N frame groups, and the playback rule group indicates that the video frame must be in the frame. In the loop, W frames are selected for playback, and the frame loop is selected from the first N-1 frame groups, and the first frame is selected for playback, and the Nth frame group is selected before the J. The frame is played, where N= ^K / _gcd(K,M) , gcd(K,M) is the greatest common factor of K and M, W= ^M / _gcd(K,M) , I= ^W / _N , Represents a Gaussian function, J = (W - (N - 1) × I). The K-speed fast-forward method for digital video according to the third aspect of the patent application, wherein the number of frame groups G included in the video video is not the number of frame groups included in the frame cycle. When the integer multiple of N is used, the last frame loop of the video movie will only have Q frame groups, and Q<N. Therefore, it is necessary to select S frames from the Q frame groups for playback. And it is selected by the former Q-1 frame group. ^S / _Q The frames are played, and the Qth frame is selected before {S- ^S / _Q (Q-1)} frames are played, where S= ^Q×M / _K , Represents a Gaussian function. According to the K-speed fast-forward method of the digital video according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the classification rule group indicates that the video video is played by a playback multiple K, and when the playback multiple is greater than each If the total number of frames of the frame group is M, and the multiple is the integer multiple of the total number of frames of the frame group, the frame cycle has U frame groups, and is indicated by the play rule group. Out, each frame loop is played only for the complete frame of the first frame group, where U= ^K / _M. According to the K-speed fast-forward method of the digital video according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the classification rule group indicates that the video video is played by a playback multiple K, and when the playback multiple is greater than each If the total number of frames of the frame group is M, and the number of frames is not an integer multiple of the total number of frames of the frame group, the frame cycle has T frame groups, and the playback rule is The group indicates that the video video system must select X frames to play in the frame loop, and the frame loop only selects the complete frame in the Kth frame group to play, wherein, T = ^K / _gcd(K,M) , gcd(K,M) is the greatest common factor of K and M, X= ^M / _gcd(K,M) , V=O×P,P= ^T / _X , Represents a Gaussian function, O=1, 2....., X. The K-speed fast-forward method for digital video according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein the number of frame groups G included in the video video is not the number of frame groups included in the frame cycle When the integer multiple of T, the last frame loop of the video movie will only have R frame groups, and R<T, therefore, Y frames need to be selected from R frame groups for playing. And select the complete frame in the Lth frame group to play, wherein Y= ^R×M / _K , L=A×B, B= ^R / _Y , A=1,2.....,Y, Represents a Gaussian function.