TWI400985B - Method for making planar heater - Google Patents

Description

Method for preparing surface heat source

The invention relates to a surface heat source, in particular to a surface heat source based on a carbon nanotube.

Heat sources play an important role in people's production, life, and research. A surface heat source is a type of heat source. The surface heat source is a two-dimensional structure, and the object to be heated is placed above the two-dimensional structure to heat the object. Therefore, the surface heat source can simultaneously heat various parts of the object to be heated, the heating surface is large, the heating is uniform, and the efficiency is high. The surface heat source has been successfully used in industrial fields, scientific research fields or living areas, such as electric heaters, electric blankets, infrared therapeutic devices and electric heaters.

The front front heat source generally includes a heating element and at least two electrodes disposed on a surface of the heating element and electrically connected to the heating element. When a voltage or current is applied to the heating element through the electrode, since the heating element has a large electrical resistance, electrical energy that is passed into the heating element is converted into thermal energy and released from the heating element. Commercially available surface heat sources are usually electrothermally converted using heating wires made of wire or carbon fiber as heating elements.

However, both the wire and the carbon fiber have the disadvantages of low strength, low electrothermal conversion efficiency, and high quality. The wire is easily broken, and is particularly susceptible to fatigue when it is bent or folded at a certain angle, and thus the application is limited. In addition, in gold The heat generated by the heating wire made of silk or carbon fiber is radiated outward at a common wavelength, and the electrothermal conversion efficiency is not high, which is not conducive to saving energy. It is necessary to add a cotton wire coated with far-infrared coating to improve the electrothermal conversion efficiency, which is disadvantageous to Energy saving and environmental protection. The quality of carbon fiber and wire is large, which is not conducive to lightening the heat source. At the same time, the carbon fiber size is not small enough to be applied to micro heat sources.

Since the early 1990s, nanomaterials represented by carbon nanotubes (see Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature, Sumio Iijima, vol 354, p56 (1991)) have caused people with their unique structure and properties. Great attention. In recent years, with the deepening of research on carbon nanotubes and nanomaterials, its broad application prospects are constantly emerging. A nano-flexible electrocaloric material is disclosed in a Taiwan patent application No. 95121702, published on December 19, 2007. The electrocaloric material includes a flexible substrate and a plurality of carbon nanotubes dispersed in the flexible substrate. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are present in a powder state, and the bonding force between them is weak, and a self-supporting structure having a specific shape cannot be formed. When the powdered carbon nanotubes are mixed with the polymer solution, the powdered carbon nanotubes are extremely agglomerated, resulting in uneven dispersion of the carbon nanotubes in the matrix. In order to avoid the agglomeration phenomenon when the carbon nanotubes are dispersed in the polymer solution, on the one hand, the mixture of the carbon nanotubes and the polymer solution needs to be treated by ultrasonic vibration during the dispersion process, and on the other hand, in the electrothermal material The mass percentage of carbon nanotubes should not be too high, only 0.1~4%.

Moreover, after the above-described dispersion treatment of the carbon nanotubes, even if the carbon nanotubes can contact each other, the bonding force is weak, and a self-supporting property cannot be formed. Nano carbon tube structure. Due to the low content of carbon nanotubes, the thermal response speed of the thermoelectric material is not fast enough, and the electrothermal conversion efficiency is not high enough, so the heating temperature of the electrothermal material is not high enough, which limits the application range. In addition, in order to disperse the carbon nanotubes in the liquid phase, when preparing the electrothermal material, the flexible matrix can only select the polymer material, and the polymer material has a low heat resistance temperature, and the dispersion of the carbon nanotubes is formed in the liquid phase. The method of electrothermal material limits the choice of matrix material.

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing a surface heat source having a high electrothermal conversion efficiency and a wide heating temperature range.

A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a carbon nanotube structure; forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the carbon nanotube structure, and providing a matrix precursor to drive the substrate precursor The body is combined with the carbon nanotube structure to form a carbon nanotube composite structure.

A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a carbon nanotube structure; providing a matrix precursor, compounding the matrix precursor and the carbon nanotube structure to form a heating element; and forming a first electrode and a space therebetween The second electrode is in electrical communication with the heating element.

A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a carbon nanotube structure; forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the carbon nanotube structure; providing a matrix precursor, the substrate The precursor is combined with the carbon nanotube structure to form a heating element; providing a support body including a reflective layer formed on the surface of the support; and disposing the heating element on the surface of the reflective layer.

A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a nano carbon line structure; combining the nano carbon line structure with the matrix precursor to form a linear carbon nanotube composite structure; Or a plurality of the linear carbon nanotube composite structures are arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element; and a first electrode and a second electrode are formed at intervals to form a nanometer in the linear carbon nanotube composite structure The carbon tubes form an electrical connection.

Compared with the prior art, the method of forming a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure and directly combining the carbon nanotube structure with the matrix to form a heating element is simple, and the content of the carbon nanotube in the heating element is convenient. control. After being combined with the matrix, the carbon nanotube structure can still maintain its original shape and has a heating performance comparable to that of the pure carbon nanotube structure.

10,20,30‧‧‧ Face heat source

12,22,32‧‧‧first electrode

14,24,34‧‧‧second electrode

143‧‧‧Nano carbon nanotube fragments

145‧‧・Nano carbon tube

16,26,36‧‧‧ heating elements

162,262‧‧‧ base

164,264‧‧‧Nano carbon nanotube structure

25‧‧‧Protective layer

27‧‧‧Heat reflective layer

28‧‧‧Support

29‧‧‧Electrode lead

366‧‧‧Nano carbon pipeline composite structure

1 is a schematic structural view of a surface heat source according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of Figure 1.

3 is a schematic structural view of a surface heat source including a plurality of mutually intersecting nanocarbon line-like structures according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural view of a surface heat source including a bent carbon nanotube-like structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a carbon nanotube segment in a carbon nanotube drawn film structure in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of a structure of a carbon nanotube film in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of a structure of a carbon nanotube flocculation membrane in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a scanning electron micrograph of a preferred arrangement of carbon nanotubes in different directions in a carbon nanotube rolled film structure in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a scanning electron micrograph of a preferred arrangement of carbon nanotubes in the same direction in a carbon nanotube rolled film structure in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a scanning electron micrograph of a non-twisted nanocarbon line in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a scanning electron micrograph of a twisted nanocarbon line in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a cross-sectional scanning electron micrograph of a heating element formed by combining a carbon nanotube film and an epoxy resin in a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a surface heat source including a plurality of mutually spaced carbon nanotube structures according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a graph showing temperature changes at different voltages using the heating element of Figure 12.

Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a surface heat source according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI of Figure 15.

Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a surface heat source according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

18 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 19 is a photograph of a carbon nanotube floc structure of a method for preparing a surface heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The surface heat source provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a surface heat source 10 having a two-dimensional structure, that is, a structure in which the surface heat source 10 extends in a two-dimensional direction. However, it should be noted that even a two-dimensional structure having a certain thickness, an embodiment that is macroscopically regarded or approximated as a two-dimensional structure, for example, a plate-like, film-like structure, etc., should also be regarded as protected by the present invention. range.

The surface heat source 10 includes a heating element 16, a first electrode 12 and a second electrode 14. The heating element 16 is electrically connected to the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 for turning on the power of the heating element 16 to flow a current.

The heating element 16 includes a carbon nanotube composite structure including a substrate 162 and at least one carbon nanotube structure 164 composited with the substrate 162. Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of pores, and the material of the matrix 162 penetrates into the plurality of pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 to form a carbon nanotube composite structure. When the volume of the substrate 162 is large, the carbon nanotube structure 164 is disposed in the substrate 162 and completely covered by the substrate 162. The heating element 16 is a layered structure. Specifically, the heating element 16 can be a planar structure or a curved structure. In this embodiment, the base 162 is a plate-shaped rectangular parallelepiped, and the carbon nanotube structure 164 is completely embedded in the base 162.

The carbon nanotube structure 164 is a self-supporting structure. The so-called "self-supporting structure" means that the carbon nanotube structure 164 can maintain its own specific shape without being supported by a support. The self-supporting structure of the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes that are attracted to each other by van der Waals forces to form a network structure and to make the carbon nanotube structure 164 specific The shape is formed to form an integral self-supporting carbon nanotube structure. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a two-dimensional planar or one-dimensional linear structure. Since the carbon nanotube structure 164 is self-supporting, it can maintain a planar or linear structure when it is not supported by the surface of the support. The carbon nanotube structure 164 has a large amount of gaps between the carbon nanotubes such that the carbon nanotube structure 164 has a large number of pores into which the matrix 162 material penetrates.

The carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of carbon nanotube tubes uniformly distributed, and the carbon nanotubes are tightly coupled by van der Waals force. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are disordered or ordered. The disorder here means that the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes is irregular, and the order here means that at least most of the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes has a certain regularity. Specifically, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes may be further entangled with each other, and the carbon nanotube structure 164 formed by the disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes is isotropic When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes an ordered array of carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction or in multiple directions. The thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is preferably from 0.5 nm to 1 mm. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 include one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 50 nm, the double-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.0 nm to 50 nm, and the multi-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.5. Nano ~ 50 nm. Preferably, the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprises an ordered array of carbon nanotubes arranged in a preferred orientation in a fixed orientation. It will be appreciated that the thermal response speed of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is related to its thickness. In the case of the same area, the greater the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the slower the thermal response speed; conversely, the smaller the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the faster the thermal response speed. Since the carbon nanotube structure 164 is composed of a pure carbon nanotube, the heat capacity per unit area of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is less than 2 × 10 ^-4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin (J/cm ² ‧ K), preferably Ground is less than 1.7 × 10 ^-6 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. This extremely small heat capacity per unit area allows the carbon nanotube structure 164 to have a faster thermal response speed.

Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube film, at least one nano carbon line structure, or a composite structure composed of the carbon nanotube film and a linear structure. It will be understood that when the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprises a plurality of carbon nanotube membranes, the plurality of carbon nanotube membranes may be stacked or arranged side by side. Referring to FIG. 3, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures, the plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures may be parallel to each other, side by side or crosswise to form a two-dimensional nanocarbon. The tube structures 164 are either entangled or woven into a two-dimensional carbon nanotube structure 164. In addition, referring to FIG. 4, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be bent and twisted into a two-dimensional carbon nanotube structure 164 through a nano carbon line structure.

The carbon nanotube film comprises a carbon nanotube film, a carbon nanotube film or a carbon nanotube film. The nanocarbon pipeline structure may include at least one nano carbon pipeline a bundle structure in which a plurality of nano carbon pipelines are arranged in parallel or a twisted wire structure in which a plurality of nano carbon pipelines are twisted.

The carbon nanotube structure 164 may include at least one carbon nanotube film, which is a self-supporting carbon nanotube film obtained by directly pulling from a carbon nanotube array. . Each nano carbon tube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes which are preferentially oriented in the same direction and arranged parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotubes are connected end to end by van der Waals force to form an integrated self-supporting carbon nanotube film. Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, in particular, each carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of continuous and aligned carbon nanotube segments 143. The plurality of carbon nanotube segments 143 are connected end to end by Van der Waals force. Each of the carbon nanotube segments 143 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 that are parallel to each other, and the plurality of mutually parallel carbon nanotubes 145 are tightly coupled by a van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube segment 143 has any width, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 100 μm, and the width is related to the size of the carbon nanotube array for pulling the carbon nanotube film, and the length is not limited. When the carbon nanotube structure 164 is composed of a carbon nanotube film, and the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is relatively small, for example, less than 10 micrometers, the carbon nanotube structure 164 has good transparency and transmittance. Up to 90% can be used to make a transparent heat source.

When the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprises a stacked multi-layered carbon nanotube film, a preferred orientation between the adjacent two carbon nanotube films forms an intersection angle α, α is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees (0° ≦ α ≦ 90 °). a gap between the plurality of carbon nanotube membranes or between adjacent carbon nanotubes in a carbon nanotube membrane, thereby forming a carbon nanocarbon A plurality of pores are formed in the tube structure 164, the pores having a pore size of less than about 10 microns. For the specific structure of the carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof, refer to Taiwan Patent Application No. 96105016, which was filed on Feb. 12, 2007 by Fan Shoushan et al. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

The carbon nanotube structure 164 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of carbon nanotube film laminated in the same direction, so that the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are aligned in the same direction.

The carbon nanotube structure 164 can include at least one carbon nanotube flocculation membrane comprising carbon nanotubes intertwined and uniformly distributed. The length of the carbon nanotubes is greater than 10 microns, preferably between 200 microns and 900 microns, thereby entwining the carbon nanotubes with each other. The carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled by van der Waals force to form a network structure to form an integrated self-supporting carbon nanotube flocculation film. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is isotropic. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane are uniformly distributed, randomly arranged, and form a large number of pore structures, and the pore diameter is less than about 10 micrometers. The length and width of the carbon nanotube film are not limited. Referring to FIG. 7, since the carbon nanotubes are intertwined in the carbon nanotube flocculation film, the carbon nanotube flocculation film has good flexibility and is a self-supporting structure which can be bent and folded into Any shape without breaking. The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube film are not limited, and the thickness is 1 micrometer to 1 mm, preferably 100 micrometers. The specific structure of the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane and the preparation method thereof are described in Taiwan Patent Application No. 96116824, which was filed on May 11, 2007 by the same. To save space, just quote here, However, all the technical disclosures of the above application should also be considered as part of the disclosure of the technology of the present application.

The carbon nanotube structure 164 can include at least one carbon nanotube rolled film comprising a uniformly distributed carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes are disordered and arranged in the same direction or in different directions. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film partially overlap each other and are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, and the carbon nanotube structure has good flexibility and can be bent and folded into Any shape without breaking. Moreover, since the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, the carbon nanotube film is an integrated self-supporting structure. The carbon nanotube rolled film can be obtained by rolling an array of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film form an angle β with the surface of the growth substrate forming the carbon nanotube array, wherein β is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees (0≦β≦15) °), the angle β is related to the pressure applied to the carbon nanotube array, and the larger the pressure, the smaller the angle, preferably, the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube rolled film is parallel to the growth substrate arrangement. The carbon nanotube rolled film is obtained by rolling a carbon nanotube array, and the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film have different arrangement forms according to different rolling methods. Referring to Figure 8, when rolled in different directions, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in different directions. Referring to Figure 9, when rolled in the same direction, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along a fixed orientation. In addition, when the rolling direction is perpendicular to the surface of the carbon nanotube array, the carbon nanotubes may be disorderly arranged. The length of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film is greater than 50 microns.

The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube rolled film are not limited and can be selected according to actual needs. The area of the carbon nanotube rolled film is substantially the same as the size of the carbon nanotube array. The thickness of the carbon nanotube film is related to the height of the carbon nanotube array and the pressure of the rolling, and may be 1 micrometer to 1 millimeter. It can be understood that the larger the height of the carbon nanotube array and the smaller the applied pressure, the larger the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film; on the contrary, the smaller the height of the carbon nanotube array, the more the applied pressure Large, the smaller the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film. There is a certain gap between adjacent carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film, thereby forming a plurality of pores in the carbon nanotube rolled film, and the pores have a pore diameter of less than about 10 μm. The specific structure of the carbon nanotube rolled film and its preparation method can be found in Taiwan Patent Application No. 96,312,694, filed on Jun. 29, 2007. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

The carbon nanotube structure 164 can include at least one nanocarbon line. The nanocarbon line can be a non-twisted nano carbon line or a twisted nano carbon line. The non-twisted nano carbon line is obtained by treating a carbon nanotube film by an organic solvent. Referring to FIG. 10, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged along the length of the nanocarbon pipeline. Preferably, the carbon nanotubes are connected end to end. Specifically, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by Van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other Deval's tightly integrated carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The non-twisted nano carbon line is not limited in length and has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The meter is preferably from 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers. For the specific structure and preparation method of the nano carbon pipeline, please refer to Taiwan Patent No. I303239, which was filed on November 5, 2002 by Fan Shoushan et al., and on December 16, 2005. Taiwan Patent Application No. 94144790, which was filed on July 1, 2007. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

The twisted nanocarbon line is obtained by twisting both ends of the carbon nanotube film in the opposite direction by a mechanical force. Referring to FIG. 11, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged axially helically around the carbon nanotube line. Specifically, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by Van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other Deval's tightly integrated carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The twisted nanocarbon line is not limited in length and has a diameter of from 0.5 nm to 100 μm, preferably from 10 μm to 100 μm.

Further, the twisted nanocarbon line can be treated with a volatile organic solvent. Under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the treated twisted nanocarbon pipeline are tightly bonded by the van der Waals force, so that the diameter of the twisted nanocarbon pipeline and The specific surface area is reduced, and the density and strength are increased.

Since the nano carbon pipeline is obtained by treating the above carbon nanotube film with an organic solvent or mechanical force, the carbon nanotube film is a self-supporting structure, so the nano carbon pipeline is a self-supporting structure. The nano carbon pipeline is similar to the carbon nanotube membrane. The carbon nanotubes are connected end to end by Van der Waals force to form an integrated self-supporting nano carbon line. In addition, there is a gap between adjacent carbon nanotubes in the nanocarbon pipeline, so the nanocarbon pipeline has a large number of pores, and the pore diameter of the pores is less than about 10 micrometers.

The material of the substrate 162 may be selected from a polymer material or an inorganic non-metal material. The substrate 162 or the precursor forming the substrate 162 is in a liquid or gaseous state at a certain temperature, so that the substrate 162 or the precursor of the substrate 162 can penetrate the nanoparticle during the preparation of the heating element 16 of the surface heat source 10. The carbon tube structure 164 is in the gap or pores and forms a composite structure in which the solid matrix 162 is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164. The material of the substrate 162 should have a certain heat resistance so as not to be destroyed, deformed, melted, vaporized or decomposed by heat in the operating temperature of the surface heat source 10.

Specifically, the polymer material may include one or more of a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting polymer, such as cellulose, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polychlorinated One or more of ethylene, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, silicone, and polyester. The inorganic non-metallic material can include one or more of glass, ceramic, and semiconductor materials. In the embodiment of the invention, the material of the substrate 162 is an epoxy resin.

Referring to FIG. 12, since there are gaps between the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164, a plurality of pores are formed in the carbon nanotube structure 164, and the precursor 162 or the precursor forming the substrate 162 is fixed. The liquid or gaseous state at the temperature allows the substrate 162 to penetrate into the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 when it is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164. Figure 12 shows the film along the carbon nanotubes parallel to the carbon nanotubes. After the heating element 16 is stretched in the direction of arrangement of the carbon nanotubes, the cross-sectional photograph of the heating element 16 is obtained, and it can be found that the carbon nanotube structure 164 can still be combined with the epoxy resin. Basically, the morphology before the composite is maintained, and the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in the same direction in the epoxy resin.

The substrate 162 may be filled only in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164, or the entire carbon nanotube structure 164 may be further completely coated as shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 13 , when the heating element 16 includes a plurality of carbon nanotube structures 164 , the plurality of carbon nanotube structures 164 may be disposed in the base 162 spaced apart from each other (or in contact with each other). When the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a two-dimensional structure, the two-dimensional structure may be disposed side by side or in contact with each other in a matrix 162; when the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a linear structure, The linear structures may be disposed in the base 162 at intervals or in contact with each other. When the carbon nanotube structures 164 are spaced apart from the substrate 162, the amount of carbon nanotube structure 164 required to prepare the heating element 16 can be saved. In addition, the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be disposed at a specific location of the substrate 162 as needed to provide the heating element 16 with different heating temperatures at different locations.

It can be understood that the substrate 162 penetrates into the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 and functions to fix the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164, so that the carbon nanotube structure 164 is used in use. The carbon nanotubes do not fall off due to external force friction or scratching. The substrate 162 may further protect the carbon nanotube structure 164 when the substrate 162 encapsulates the entire carbon nanotube structure 164. When the substrate 162 is an insulating organic polymer material or an inorganic non-metal material, the substrate 162 simultaneously ensures that the heating element 16 is insulated from the outside. In addition, the base 162 can be further The step serves to conduct heat and distribute heat evenly. Further, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 is heated abruptly, the substrate 162 acts to buffer heat, and the temperature of the heating element 16 is softened. The material of the base 162 can be made of a flexible polymer material, thereby enhancing the flexibility and toughness of the entire surface heat source 10.

It can be understood that since the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure 164, the heating element 16 can be formed by directly compounding the substrate 162 and the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure 164, so that the carbon nanotubes can be in the heating element. The distribution in 16 is uniform, and the content of the carbon nanotubes reaches 99%, which increases the heating temperature of the heat source 10. Since the carbon nanotube structure 164 is a self-supporting structure, and the carbon nanotubes are evenly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure 164, the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure 164 is directly combined with the matrix 162 to form a composite. The carbon nanotubes in the subsequently formed heating element 16 are still combined with each other to maintain the morphology of the carbon nanotube structure 164, so that the carbon nanotubes in the heating element 16 can be uniformly distributed to form a conductive network, and are not affected by the carbon nanotubes. The concentration limit of the dispersion in the solution allows the carbon nanotubes to have a mass percentage of 99% in the heating element 16.

The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are made of a conductive material, and the shapes of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are not limited and may be a conductive film, a metal piece or a metal lead. Preferably, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are each a layer of a conductive film. When used in the micro-face heat source 10, the conductive film has a thickness of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The material of the conductive film may be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), conductive silver paste, conductive polymer or conductive carbon nanotube. The metal or alloy material may be aluminum, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, titanium An alloy of ruthenium, palladium, iridium or any combination thereof. In this embodiment, the material of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 is a metal palladium film and has a thickness of 5 nm. The metal palladium has a better wetting effect with the carbon nanotubes, which facilitates good electrical contact between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 and the heating element 16, and reduces ohmic contact resistance.

The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are directly electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heating element 16. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are spaced apart to allow a certain resistance to be applied when the heating element 16 is applied to the surface heat source 10 to avoid short circuit.

Specifically, when the base 162 of the heating element 16 is only filled in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164, since a portion of the carbon nanotube portion of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is exposed to the surface of the heating element 16, the first An electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 may be disposed on the surface of the heating element 16 such that the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure 164. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed on the same surface of the heating element 16 or on different surfaces of the heating element 16. In addition, when the base 162 of the heating element 16 covers the entire carbon nanotube structure 164, in order to electrically connect the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 with the carbon nanotube structure 164, the first electrode 12 and The second electrode 14 can be disposed in the base 162 of the heating element 16 and in direct contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164. At this time, in order to make the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 electrically connected to the external power source, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be partially exposed to the outside of the heating element 16; or, the heat source 10 may further include two Lead wires are electrically connected to the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14, respectively, and are taken out from the inside of the base 162.

When the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are sequentially arranged, preferably, the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes extends along the first electrode 12 to the second electrode 14. Specifically, when the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube film, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are disposed at both ends of the carbon nanotube film to make the nano carbon The carbon nanotubes in the tube draw film are connected end to end from the first electrode 12 to the second electrode 14. When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a plurality of carbon nanotube-like structures arranged in parallel, the two ends of the nanocarbon line-like structure are electrically connected to the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 respectively, similar to the resistance wire. connection.

The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed on the surface of the heating element 16 or the carbon nanotube structure 164 through a conductive adhesive (not shown), and the conductive adhesive is used to implement the first electrode 12 and the second electrode While the electrode 14 is in electrical contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 can also be better secured to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164. Specifically, the conductive adhesive may be a silver paste.

It can be understood that the structure and material of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are not limited, and the purpose is to make a current flow through the carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heating element 16. Therefore, it is within the scope of the present invention that the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 need only be electrically conductive and form electrical contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164 of the heating element 16.

When the surface heat source 10 of the embodiment of the present invention is used, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 of the surface heat source 10 may be connected to a power source and then connected to a power source. The carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heat source 10 after the power is turned on can radiate electromagnetic waves of a certain wavelength range. The surface heat source 10 can be in direct contact with the surface of the object to be heated. or, The surface heat source 10 can be disposed at a certain distance from the object to be heated.

The surface heat source 10 in the embodiment of the present invention can radiate electromagnetic waves of different wavelength ranges by adjusting the magnitude of the power supply voltage and the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 when the area of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is constant. Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure 164 can generate an infrared thermal radiation. When the magnitude of the power supply voltage is constant, the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 tend to be opposite. That is, when the magnitude of the power supply voltage is constant, the thicker the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the shorter the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10; the thinner the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the more the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 is. long. When the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is constant, the magnitude of the power supply voltage is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10. That is, when the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is constant, the larger the power source voltage is, the shorter the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 is. The smaller the power source voltage is, the longer the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the surface heat source 10 is. It can be understood that the surface heat source 10 should limit the voltage applied to the two ends of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 through a circuit according to the material of the substrate 162, so that the heat generation temperature of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is controlled on the substrate. 162 can withstand the temperature range. For example, when the material of the substrate 162 is an organic high molecular polymer, the voltage range is 0 to 10 volts, and the heat generation temperature of the surface heat source 10 is 120 ° C or lower and lower than the melting point of the high molecular polymer. When the material of the substrate 162 is ceramic, the voltage ranges from 10 volts to 30 volts, and the heat source temperature of the surface heat source 10 is 120 ° C to 500 ° C. Referring to FIG. 14, in the embodiment of the present invention, by measuring the surface heat source 10 of the heating element 16 formed by laminating the carbon nanotube structure 164 formed by laminating 100 layers of carbon nanotubes and the epoxy resin matrix 162, it can be found that surface The higher the applied voltage of the heat source 10, the faster the temperature rise of the surface heat source 10, and the higher the heat generation temperature.

The carbon nanotube has good electrical conductivity and thermal stability, and has an excellent heat radiation efficiency as an ideal black body structure. In another embodiment, when the substrate 162 is made of a heat resistant material, the surface heat source 10 is exposed to an oxidizing gas or an atmosphere, wherein the carbon nanotube structure 164 has a thickness of 5 mm and passes through 10 volts to 30 volts. The power source voltage is adjusted, and the surface heat source 10 can radiate electromagnetic waves having a long wavelength. The temperature of the surface heat source 10 was found to be 50 ° C to 500 ° C by a temperature measuring instrument. For an object with a black body structure, the corresponding temperature of 200 ° C ~ 450 ° C can emit heat radiation (infrared) that is invisible to the human eye. At this time, the heat radiation is the most stable and efficient. The surface heat source 10 made of the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be applied to the fields of electric heaters, infrared therapeutic devices, electric blankets, electric heaters and the like.

In addition, when the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 164 in the heating element 16 of the surface heat source 10 is small, which is a transparent carbon nanotube structure 164, and the material of the substrate 162 is a transparent organic or inorganic material, The surface heat source 10 is a transparent surface heat source 10. In addition, when the base 162 in the heating element 16 of the surface heat source 10 is made of a flexible polymeric material, the surface heat source 10 is a flexible surface heat source 10. Further, since the base 162 of the polymer material can be formed into various shapes by molding, and the nano carbon line can be woven into different shapes, the flexible surface heat source 10 can be used to manufacture self-heating heating clothes, heating gloves or heating. Shoes and so on.

Referring to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 , a second embodiment of the present invention provides a surface heat source 20 including a heating element 26 , a first electrode 22 , and a second electrode . twenty four. The heating element 26 includes a base 262 and at least one carbon nanotube structure 264 disposed in the base 262. The heating element 26 is a type of two-dimensional structure, that is, a two-dimensional structure having a certain thickness. Specifically, the heating element 26 can be a planar structure or a curved structure. The carbon nanotube structure 264 of the heating element 26 is electrically coupled to the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 for energizing the heating element 26 to flow a current.

The surface heat source 20 has substantially the same structure as the surface heat source 10 of the first embodiment, except that the surface heat source 20 further includes a support body 28, a heat reflecting layer 27 and a protective layer 25. The heat reflective layer 27 is disposed on the surface of the support body 28. The heating element 26 is disposed on a surface of the heat reflective layer 27. The first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 are spaced apart from the surface of the heating element 26 and are in electrical contact with the heating element 26 for flowing a current through the heating element 26. The protective layer 25 is disposed on a surface of the heating element 26 for preventing the heating element 26 from adsorbing foreign matter. The support body 28, the heat reflective layer 27 and the protective layer 25 are all optional structures. Further, the surface heat source 20 includes two electrode leads 29 connected to the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 respectively, and is led out from the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24 embedded in the base 262 to the outside of the base 262. .

The support body 28 is not limited in shape and has a surface for supporting the heating element 16 or the heat reflecting layer 27. The surface can be flat or curved. Preferably, the support body 28 is a plate-like structure, and the material thereof may be a hard material such as ceramics, glass, resin, quartz, etc., and a flexible material such as plastic or resin may also be selected. The size of the support body 28 is not limited, and can be changed according to actual needs. The preferred support 28 of this embodiment is a ceramic substrate.

The heat reflecting layer 27 is arranged to reflect the heat generated by the heating element 26, thereby controlling the direction of heating, for single-sided heating, and further improving the efficiency of heating. The material of the heat reflecting layer 27 is a white insulating material such as a metal oxide, a metal salt or a ceramic. In this embodiment, the heat reflective layer 27 is a layer of aluminum oxide having a thickness of 100 micrometers to 0.5 millimeters. The heat reflective layer 27 may be formed on the surface of the support 28 by sputtering or other methods. It can be understood that the heat reflecting layer 27 can also be disposed on the surface of the support body 28 away from the heating element 26, that is, the support body 28 is disposed between the heating element 26 and the heat reflecting layer 27. The heat reflective layer 27 is an alternative structure. The heating element 26 can be directly disposed on the surface of the support body 28, and the heating direction of the surface heat source 10 is not limited, and can be used for double-sided heating.

The protective layer 25 is an optional structure, and the material thereof is an insulating material such as plastic, rubber or resin. The thickness of the protective layer 25 is not limited and can be selected according to actual conditions. The protective layer 25 covers the first electrode 22, the second electrode 24 and the heating element 26. In the embodiment, the insulating protective layer 25 is made of heat-resistant rubber and has a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm. The protective layer 25 protects the heating element 26, particularly when the substrate 262 of the heating element 26 is only filled in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 264, the protective layer 25 prevents exposure to the surface of the heating element 26 The tube is damaged by external force friction, and it is ensured that the heating element 26 is insulated from the outside except for the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 24.

Referring to FIG. 17, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a surface heat source 30. The surface heat source 30 includes a heating element 36, a first electrode 32, and a second electrode 34. The The heating element 36 is a two-dimensional structure, that is, a two-dimensional structure having a certain thickness. Specifically, the heating element 36 can be a planar structure or a curved structure. The heating element 36 is electrically connected to the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 34 for turning on the carbon nanotubes in the heating element 36 to supply a current.

The surface heat source 30 has substantially the same structure as the surface heat source 10 of the first embodiment, except that the heating element 36 includes a plurality of nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366. The plurality of nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366 are woven together to form a two-dimensional heating element 36. The nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 is obtained by compounding a nano carbon line structure with a matrix material. The matrix material is filled in the pores of the nanocarbon line-like structure. The carbon nanotube composite wire structure 366 can be conveniently woven directly into heating elements 36 of various shapes. The matrix material is preferably a flexible polymer.

Referring to FIG. 18, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a surface heat source 10, which includes the following steps: In a first step, a carbon nanotube structure 164 is provided, the carbon nanotube structure 164 comprising a plurality of pores.

According to the difference of the carbon nanotube structure 164, the preparation method of the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a direct film drawing method, a rolling method, a flocculation method and the like. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube structure 164 can be a one-dimensional structure or a two-dimensional structure. The preparation methods of the above several carbon nanotube structures 164 will be separately described below.

(1) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube film, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube structure 164 specifically includes the following steps: First, an array of carbon nanotubes is provided on a growth substrate that is a super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes.

The method for preparing the carbon nanotube array adopts a chemical vapor deposition method, and the specific steps thereof include: (a) providing a flat growth substrate, the growth substrate may be a P-type or N-type germanium growth substrate, or an oxide layer may be formed. The ruthenium growth substrate, the embodiment of the present invention preferably uses a 4 inch ruthenium growth substrate; (b) uniformly forms a catalyst layer on the surface of the growth substrate, and the catalyst layer material may be selected from iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel ( (1) annealing the growth substrate on which the catalyst layer is formed in air at 700 ° C to 900 ° C for about 30 minutes to 90 minutes; (d) placing the treated growth substrate In the reaction furnace, it is heated to 500 ° C ~ 740 ° C in a protective gas atmosphere, and then introduced into the carbon source gas for about 5 minutes to 30 minutes to grow to obtain a carbon nanotube array. The carbon nanotube array is a plurality of pure carbon nanotube arrays formed of carbon nanotubes that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the growth substrate. The aligned carbon nanotube array contains substantially no impurities, such as amorphous carbon or residual catalyst metal particles, etc., by controlling the growth conditions described above.

The carbon nanotube array provided by the embodiment of the invention is one of a single-walled carbon nanotube array, a double-walled carbon nanotube array, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube array. The carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 1 nm to 50 nm and a length of 50 nm to 5 mm. In this embodiment, the length of the carbon nanotubes is preferably from 100 micrometers to 900 micrometers.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the carbon source gas may be a chemically active hydrocarbon such as acetylene, ethylene or methane. The preferred carbon source gas in the embodiment of the present invention is acetylene; the shielding gas is nitrogen or an inert gas, and is preferred in the embodiment of the present invention. Protective gas It is argon.

It is to be understood that the carbon nanotube array provided by the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above preparation method, and may be a graphite electrode constant current arc discharge deposition method, a laser evaporation deposition method, or the like.

Secondly, a drawing tool is used to pull the carbon nanotubes from the carbon nanotube array to obtain at least one carbon nanotube film, which specifically comprises the following steps: (a) from the super-sequential carbon nanotube array One of the plurality of carbon nanotubes having a certain width or a certain width is selected. In this embodiment, it is preferable to contact the carbon nanotube array with a tape, a tweezers or a clip having a certain width to select one or a plurality of carbon nanotubes having a certain width. (b) stretching the selected carbon nanotubes at a certain speed to form a plurality of carbon nanotube segments connected end to end, thereby forming a continuous carbon nanotube film. The pull direction is substantially perpendicular to the growth direction of the nanotube array.

In the above stretching process, the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are gradually separated from the growth substrate in the stretching direction under the tensile force, and the selected plurality of carbon nanotube segments are respectively combined with the other due to the van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube segments are continuously drawn end to end to form a continuous, uniform carbon nanotube membrane having a certain width. The carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes connected end to end, and the carbon nanotubes are arranged substantially in the stretching direction. Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 arranged in a preferred orientation. Further, the carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of end-to-end and aligned carbon nanotube segments 143, and the carbon nanotube segments 143 are connected to each other by a van der Waals force. The carbon nanotube section 143 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes 145 arranged in parallel with each other. The method of directly stretching to obtain a carbon nanotube film is simple and rapid, and is suitable for industrialization. application.

The width of the carbon nanotube film is related to the size of the carbon nanotube array, and the length of the carbon nanotube film is not limited and can be obtained according to actual needs. When the area of the carbon nanotube array is 4 inches, the width of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 10 cm, and the thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 100 μm.

Finally, a carbon nanotube structure 164 is prepared using the above-described carbon nanotube film.

The carbon nanotube film can be used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. Further, at least two carbon nanotube films may be laid in parallel without gaps or/and lamination to obtain a carbon nanotube structure 164. Since the carbon nanotube film has a large specific surface area, the carbon nanotube film has a large viscosity, so the multilayer carbon nanotube film can be closely combined with each other to form a carbon nanotube structure 164. In the carbon nanotube structure 164, the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is not limited, and the adjacent two layers of carbon nanotube film have an intersection angle α, 0° ≦ α ≦ 90 °, specifically Prepared according to actual needs. The carbon nanotube film can be laid along one electrode to the other electrode, so that the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film extend along one electrode to the other electrode

In this embodiment, the method further comprises the step of treating the carbon nanotube structure 164 with an organic solvent, which is a volatile organic solvent, optionally using one or a combination of ethanol, methanol, acetone, dichloroethane and chloroform. The organic solvent in this embodiment is ethanol. The step of treating with the organic solvent is specifically: the carbon nanotube structure 164 is disposed on a substrate surface or a frame structure, and the organic solvent is dropped on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by a test tube. The carbon nanotube structure 164 may alternatively be immersed in a container containing an organic solvent to infiltrate the carbon nanotube structure 164. After the carbon nanotube structure 164 is infiltrated by an organic solvent, when the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is small, under the action of surface tension, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film will Shrinking into spaced carbon nanotubes. When the number of layers of the carbon nanotube film is large, the multilayered carbon nanotube film treated by the organic solvent has a uniform film structure. After the organic solvent treatment, the viscosity of the carbon nanotube structure 164 is reduced and it is easier to use.

(b) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube flocculation membrane, the preparation method of the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes the following steps: First, a carbon nanotube raw material is provided.

The carbon nanotube raw material may be a carbon nanotube prepared by various methods such as chemical vapor deposition, graphite electrode constant current arc discharge deposition or laser evaporation deposition.

In this embodiment, the aligned carbon nanotube arrays are scraped off the substrate by using a blade or other tool to obtain a carbon nanotube raw material. Preferably, in the carbon nanotube raw material, the length of the carbon nanotube is greater than 100 micrometers.

Next, the above carbon nanotube raw material is added to a solvent and subjected to flocculation treatment to obtain a nano carbon tube floc structure, and the above carbon nanotube floc structure is separated from the solvent, and the carbon nanotube is separated. The flocculated structure is shaped to obtain a carbon nanotube film.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the solvent may be selected from water, a volatile organic solvent or the like. The flocculation treatment can be carried out by a method such as ultrasonic dispersion treatment or high-intensity stirring. excellent Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention uses ultrasonic waves to disperse for 10 minutes to 30 minutes. Due to the extremely large specific surface area of the carbon nanotubes, there is a large van der Waals force between the intertwined carbon nanotubes. The above flocculation treatment does not completely disperse the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube raw material in the solvent, and the carbon nanotubes are mutually attracted and entangled by the van der Waals force to form a network structure.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for separating the carbon nanotube floc structure comprises the following steps: pouring the solvent containing the carbon nanotube floc structure into a funnel with a filter paper; The time thus obtains a separate carbon nanotube floc structure, and FIG. 19 is a photograph of the carbon nanotube floc structure.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the shaping process of the carbon nanotube floc structure comprises the following steps: placing the carbon nanotube floc structure in a container; and the carbon nanotube floc structure The predetermined shape is spread out; a certain pressure is applied to the expanded carbon nanotube floc structure; and the residual solvent in the nano carbon tube floc structure is dried or the solvent is naturally volatilized to obtain a nano carbon tube floc. The film, Figure 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of the carbon nanotube flocculation film.

It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can control the thickness and areal density of the carbon nanotube flocculation film by controlling the area in which the carbon nanotube floc is spread. The larger the area spread by the carbon nanotube floc structure, the smaller the thickness and areal density of the carbon nanotube flocculation film. The carbon nanotube flocculation film obtained in the embodiment of the invention has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 2 millimeters.

In addition, the step of separating and shaping the carbon nanotube floc structure can also be directly carried out by suction filtration, and specifically includes the following steps: providing a microporous membrane And an evacuation funnel; the solvent containing the carbon nanotube floc structure is poured into the suction funnel through the microfiltration membrane; suction filtration and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube flocculation membrane. The microporous membrane is a filter membrane having a smooth surface and a pore size of 0.22 μm. Since the suction filtration method itself will provide a large gas pressure on the carbon nanotube floc structure, the carbon nanotube floc structure directly forms a uniform carbon nanotube flocculation membrane by suction filtration. Moreover, since the surface of the microporous membrane is smooth, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is easily peeled off, and a self-supporting carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is obtained.

Referring to FIG. 7, the above carbon nanotube flocculation film comprises intertwined carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled by van der Waals force to form a network structure, so the nanometer The carbon tube flocculation membrane has good toughness. In the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane, the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed and randomly arranged.

It can be understood that the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane has a certain thickness, and the thickness can be controlled by controlling the area and pressure of the carbon nanotube floc structure. Therefore, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane can be directly used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. Alternatively, at least two layers of carbon nanotube flocculation membranes may be stacked or arranged side by side to form a carbon nanotube structure 164.

(3) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one carbon nanotube rolled film, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes the following steps: First, providing a carbon nanotube array formed on a growth substrate The array is an array of aligned carbon nanotubes.

The carbon nanotube array is preferably a super-aligned array of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube array is prepared in the same manner as the above-described carbon nanotube array.

Next, a carbon nanotube array is extruded by using a pressing device to obtain a carbon nanotube rolled film, wherein the pressing device applies a certain pressure to the carbon nanotube array. During the pressing process, the carbon nanotube array is separated from the growth substrate by pressure to form a carbon nanotube laminated film having a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and The plurality of carbon nanotubes are substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube rolled film.

In the embodiment of the invention, the pressing device is an indenter, the surface of the indenter is smooth, and the shape and extrusion direction of the indenter determine the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film. Specifically, when the planar indenter is pressed in a direction perpendicular to the growth substrate of the carbon nanotube array, the carbon nanotubes are obtained as an unordered isotropic carbon nanotube rolled film; When the roller-shaped indenter is rolled in a certain parallel direction parallel to the substrate, a carbon nanotube film which is aligned along the fixed direction of the carbon nanotubes can be obtained; when the roller-shaped indenter is used to grind in different directions When pressed, a carbon nanotube rolled film in which carbon nanotubes are aligned in different directions can be obtained.

It can be understood that when the above-mentioned carbon nanotube array is extruded by the above different methods, the carbon nanotubes are poured under the action of pressure, and are attracted and connected with adjacent carbon nanotubes through the van der Waals force. A carbon nanotube laminated film having a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The plurality of carbon nanotubes form an angle β with the surface of the growth substrate, wherein β is greater than or equal to zero degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees (0°≦β≦15°). According to different methods of rolling, as shown in FIG. 9, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film can be oriented in a fixed direction. Arrange; or as shown in Figure 8, the preferred orientations are arranged in different directions. In addition, under the action of pressure, the carbon nanotube array is separated from the grown substrate, so that the carbon nanotube rolled film is easily separated from the substrate to form a self-supporting carbon nanotube rolled film.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the degree of tilt (inclination) of the above-described carbon nanotube array is related to the magnitude of the pressure, and the greater the pressure, the greater the angle of inclination. The angle of inclination is the angle between the carbon nanotubes in the array of carbon nanotubes and the substrate on which the array of carbon nanotubes is grown. The thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film depends on the height and pressure of the carbon nanotube array. The higher the height of the carbon nanotube array and the lower the applied pressure, the greater the thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film; conversely, the smaller the height of the carbon nanotube array and the greater the applied pressure, The thickness of the prepared carbon nanotube rolled film is smaller. The width of the carbon nanotube rolled film is related to the size of the substrate on which the carbon nanotube array is grown. The length of the carbon nanotube rolled film is not limited and can be obtained according to actual needs. The carbon nanotube rolled film obtained in the embodiment of the invention has a thickness of 1 micrometer to 2 mm.

Finally, the carbon nanotube rolled film is lifted from the growth substrate to obtain a self-supporting carbon nanotube rolled film.

The carbon nanotube rolled film includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged in the same direction or in a preferred orientation, and the carbon nanotubes are mutually attracted by the van der Waals force, so the carbon nanotube rolled film Has good toughness. In the carbon nanotube rolled film, the carbon nanotubes are evenly distributed and regularly arranged.

It can be understood that the carbon nanotube rolled film has a certain thickness and passes through the nanometer. The height and pressure of the carbon tube array can control its thickness. Therefore, the carbon nanotube rolled film can be directly used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. Alternatively, at least two layers of carbon nanotube rolled films may be stacked or arranged side by side to form a carbon nanotube structure 164.

(4) When the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes at least one nanocarbon line-like structure, the method for preparing the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes the following steps: First, at least one carbon nanotube film is provided.

The method for forming the carbon nanotube film is the same as the method for forming the medium carbon nanotube film.

Next, the carbon nanotube film is processed to form at least one nano carbon line.

The step of processing the carbon nanotube film may be to treat the carbon nanotube film by using an organic solvent to obtain a non-twisted nano carbon line, or to twist the carbon nanotube film by mechanical external force, thereby A twisted nanocarbon line is obtained.

The step of treating the carbon nanotube film by using an organic solvent is specifically: infiltrating the entire surface of the carbon nanotube film by an organic solvent, and the surface tension generated by volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the nano carbon The plurality of carbon nanotubes parallel to each other in the tube is tightly bonded by the van der Waals force, thereby shrinking the carbon nanotube film into a non-twisted nano carbon line. The organic solvent is a volatile organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, acetone, dichloroethane or chloroform, and ethanol is used in this embodiment. The non-twisted nanocarbon line treated by the organic solvent has a smaller specific surface area and a lower viscosity than a carbon nanotube film that has not been treated with an organic solvent. It can be understood that the organic solvent treatment of the carbon nanotube film is formed into a non-twisted The method of transferring the nano carbon line is similar to the method of using (1) the organic solvent to reduce the viscosity of the carbon nanotube film, and the difference is that when a non-twisted nano carbon line needs to be formed, the carbon tube is used. The two ends of the film are not fixed, that is, the carbon nanotube film is not disposed on the surface of the substrate or the frame structure.

The step of twisting the carbon nanotube film by mechanical external force is to twist the both ends of the carbon nanotube film in opposite directions by a mechanical force. In the embodiment of the present invention, a spinning shaft which can adhere to the carbon nanotube film can be specifically provided. After the tail of the spinning shaft is combined with the carbon nanotube film, the spinning shaft is rotated to rotate the carbon nanotube film to form a twisted nanocarbon line. It can be understood that the rotation mode of the above-mentioned spinning shaft is not limited, and it can be rotated forward or reversed, or combined with forward rotation and reverse rotation.

Further, the twisted nanocarbon line can be treated with a volatile organic solvent. Under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the treated twisted nanocarbon pipeline are tightly bonded by the van der Waals force, so that the specific surface area of the twisted nanocarbon pipeline The decrease and the viscosity decrease, and the density and strength increase compared with the twisted nanocarbon pipeline which is not treated with the organic solvent.

Again, at least one nanocarbon line-like structure is prepared using the above-described nanocarbon line, and a carbon nanotube structure 164 is obtained.

The twisted nanocarbon pipeline or the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline is a self-supporting structure and can be directly used as a carbon nanotube structure 164. In addition, a plurality of nanocarbon pipelines may be arranged in parallel to form a bundle of nano carbon line-like structures, or The parallel arrangement of the plurality of nanocarbon lines is subjected to a twisting step to obtain a stranded carbon nanotube-like structure. Further, the plurality of nanocarbon pipelines or nanocarbon pipeline-like structures may be arranged in parallel, cross-arranged or woven to each other to obtain a two-dimensional carbon nanotube structure 164.

In the second step, a first electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 are formed at opposite ends of the carbon nanotube structure 164, and the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are electrically connected to the carbon nanotube structure 164. .

The arrangement of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 is related to the carbon nanotube structure 164. When the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are at least partially ordered, for example, the carbon nanotube structure 164 includes a carbon nanotube film, and the carbon nanotubes are rolled in a fixed direction. When a membrane or a nanocarbon pipeline, that is, most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 are aligned in the same direction, preferably, a portion of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 164 should be ensured. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are disposed in the extending direction of the carbon nanotube. This arrangement ensures that the carbon nanotube structure 164 has the best electrical conductivity so that the heating element 16 has the best heat generation.

The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed on the same surface or different surfaces of the carbon nanotube structure 164, or the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may be disposed around the carbon nanotube. The surface of structure 164. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are spaced apart from each other so that the carbon nanotube structure 164 is applied to the line heat source 10 to access a certain resistance value to avoid short circuit. The carbon nanotube structure 164 itself has good adhesion and conductivity, so the first electricity The pole 12 and a second electrode 14 can form a good electrical contact with the carbon nanotube structure 164.

The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are conductive films, metal sheets or metal leads. The conductive film may be formed on the carbon nanotube structure 164 by electroplating, electroless plating, sputtering, vacuum evaporation, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, direct coating or screen printing of conductive paste or other methods. surface. The metal piece may be a copper piece or an aluminum piece or the like. The metal piece or the metal lead may be fixed to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by a conductive adhesive, or may be fixed to the carbon nanotube structure by screws, splints or the like. In the embodiment of the present invention, two palladium films are formed on both ends of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by vacuum evaporation as the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14.

The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may also be a metallic carbon nanotube layer. The carbon nanotube layer is disposed on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164. The carbon nanotube layer can be fixed to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 164 by its own viscous or conductive adhesive. The carbon nanotube layer comprises aligned and uniformly distributed metallic carbon nanotubes. Specifically, the carbon nanotube layer includes at least one carbon nanotube film or at least one nano carbon line. Preferably, at least a portion of the carbon nanotubes in the layer of the metallic carbon nanotubes are coated with a metal layer to improve the conductivity of the metallic carbon nanotube layer. The method for coating the surface of the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube layer may be vacuum evaporation, plasma sputtering or physical vapor deposition.

It can be understood that after forming the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14, two conductive leads can be further formed, which are electrically connected to the ends of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14, respectively, from the first electrode 12 and the first electrode The two electrodes 14 are led out to an external power source.

In a third step, a matrix precursor is provided, and the matrix precursor is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164 to form a heating element 16.

The material of the matrix precursor is the material of the matrix, a solution formed by the matrix material or a precursor reactant for preparing the matrix material. The matrix precursor should be in a liquid or gaseous state at a certain temperature.

The material of the substrate 162 includes a polymer material or an inorganic non-metal material or the like. Specifically, the organic polymer material may include one or more of a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting polymer, so the material of the matrix precursor may be a polymer monomer solution for forming the thermoplastic polymer or the thermosetting polymer, or A mixture of a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting polymer dissolved in a volatile organic solvent. After the carbon nanotube structure 164 is directly immersed in the liquid matrix precursor, the matrix precursor is solidified to form a matrix 162 which is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164.

The inorganic non-metal material may include one or more of glass, ceramic and semiconductor materials, so the matrix precursor may be a slurry made of inorganic non-metallic material particles, a reaction gas for preparing the inorganic non-metal material, or a gaseous state. The inorganic non-metallic material. Specifically, a gaseous matrix precursor can be formed by vacuum evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and physical vapor deposition (PVD), and the precursor precursor is deposited on the carbon nanotube structure 164. The surface of the carbon nanotubes. Alternatively, a plurality of inorganic non-metallic material particles may be dispersed in a solvent to form a slurry as the matrix precursor, and the carbon nanotube structure 164 is immersed in the slurry, and the solvent is evaporated to cause the substrate 162. Combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164.

In summary, when the precursor of the substrate is in a liquid state, the step 3 specifically includes the step of infiltrating the carbon nanotube precursor 164 and curing the precursor of the substrate, thereby allowing the substrate 162 to penetrate into the nanocarbon. In the pores of the tube structure 164, a heating element 16 is formed; when the substrate precursor is in a gaseous state, the step 3 specifically includes the step of depositing the matrix precursor on the surface of the carbon nanotube of the carbon nanotube structure 164, thereby The substrate 162 fills the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164 to form a heating element 16.

In this embodiment, the epoxy resin base material is combined with the carbon nanotube structure 164 by a glue injection method to form a heating element 16, which specifically includes the following steps: Step (1): providing a liquid thermosetting polymer material.

The liquid thermosetting polymer material has a viscosity of less than 5 Pa. Seconds, and can maintain the viscosity for more than 30 minutes at room temperature. The embodiment of the present invention preferably prepares a liquid thermosetting polymer material by using an epoxy resin, which specifically comprises the following steps: First, a mixture of a glycidyl ether type epoxy resin and a glycidyl ester type epoxy resin is placed in a container and heated to 30 ° C. ~60 ° C, and stir the mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy and glycidyl ester type epoxy in the container for 10 minutes until the mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy and the glycidyl ester type epoxy is evenly mixed. .

Next, a fatty amine and diglycidyl ether are added to the mixture of the uniformly stirred glycidyl ether type epoxy and glycidyl type epoxy to carry out a chemical reaction.

Finally, a mixture of the glycidyl ether type epoxy and the glycidyl ester type epoxy The object is heated to 30 ° C ~ 60 ° C to obtain a liquid thermosetting polymer material containing epoxy resin.

Step (2): impregnating the carbon nanotube structure 162 with the liquid thermosetting polymer material.

The method for infiltrating the carbon nanotube structure 162 by using the liquid thermosetting polymer material in the embodiment includes the following steps: First, the carbon nanotube structure 162 is placed in a mold.

Next, the liquid thermosetting polymer material is injected into the mold to infiltrate the carbon nanotube structure 162. In order for the liquid thermosetting polymer material to sufficiently wet the carbon nanotube structure 162, the carbon nanotube structure 162 may be infiltrated for not less than 10 minutes.

It can be understood that the method of infiltrating the liquid thermosetting polymer material into the carbon nanotube structure 162 is not limited to an injection method, and the liquid thermosetting polymer material can also be sucked into the carbon nanotube structure by capillary action. In 162, the carbon nanotube structure 162 is infiltrated, or the carbon nanotube structure 162 is immersed in the liquid thermosetting polymer material.

Step (3): curing the carbon nanotube structure 162 infiltrated by the liquid thermosetting polymer material to obtain a carbon nanotube composite structure.

The method for curing the epoxy resin-containing thermosetting polymer material specifically includes the following steps: First, the mold is heated to 50 ° C to 70 ° C by a heating device at the temperature. The thermosetting polymer material containing epoxy resin is in a liquid state, and the temperature is maintained for 1 hour to 3 hours, so that the thermosetting polymer material continues to absorb heat to increase the degree of curing.

Next, the mold is further heated to 80 ° C to 100 ° C, and maintained at this temperature for 1 hour to 3 hours, so that the thermosetting polymer material continues to absorb heat to increase its degree of solidification.

Again, the mold is further heated to 110 ° C to 150 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 2 hours to 20 hours, so that the thermosetting polymer material continues to absorb heat to increase its degree of solidification.

Finally, the heating is stopped, and after the mold is cooled to room temperature, the mold release can obtain a carbon nanotube composite structure.

The specific steps of the above-mentioned preparation of the carbon nanotube composite structure can be found in the Taiwan Patent Application No. 96150104 filed on Jan. 26, 2007 by the same. In order to save space, only the above is cited, but all the technical disclosures of the above application are also considered as part of the technical disclosure of the present application.

It can be understood that the curing method of the epoxy resin-containing thermosetting polymer material can also be carried out by a single temperature rising method, and the temperature is raised to 150 ° C to heat-curing the thermosetting polymer material.

It can be understood that the step of forming the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 in the above step 2 can be performed after the heating element 16 is formed. When the substrate 162 is only filled in the pores of the carbon nanotube structure 164, thereby exposing the carbon nanotube portion to the surface of the heating element 16, the first method can be used in the same manner as in the second step. The electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 are formed directly on the surface of the heating element 16. When the substrate 162 completely covers the carbon nanotube structure 164, further comprising a step of exposing the carbon nanotube structure 164 to the surface of the heating element 16, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are respectively exposed The carbon nanotube structure 164 is electrically connected. Specifically, the heating element 16 can be cut by a cutting step to form a cutting surface, thereby exposing the carbon nanotube structure 164 to the cutting surface of the heating element 16, and then using the same method as in the second step. An electrode 12 and a second electrode 14 are formed on the cut surface of the heating element 16 to be electrically connected to the exposed carbon nanotube structure 164.

It can be understood that when the carbon nanotube structure is linear, the method for forming the heating element 36 of the third embodiment may include the following steps: First, the nanocarbon line-like structure is compounded with the matrix precursor. A nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 is formed; secondly, one or more of the nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366 are arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element 36.

The nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 can be woven, crossed, side-by-side or coiled to form a two-dimensional heating element 36. When the nanocarbon line-like composite structure 366 is woven with each other, the heating element 36 can be kept in one side like the fabric. The mutually woven heating element 36 can be formed into a heating pad, a heating coat, a heating glove, and the like. When the nanocarbon line-like composite structures 366 are crossed, side by side or coiled, the plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures 366 can be bonded by a binder, so that the heating element 36 remains in a planar shape.

The manner of recombining the nanocarbon line-like structure with the matrix precursor is the same as that of the above step 3.

The first electrode and the second electrode may be formed on the surface of the heating element 36 by the method of the above step 2. Further, the nanocarbon line-like structure may be exposed on the surface of the heating element 36 by a cutting step, and the first electrode and the second electrode are formed on the surface of the exposed carbon nanotube structure, thereby The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube composite structure.

It will be appreciated that the method of preparation may further comprise the following optional steps to prepare a surface heat source 20 having the second embodiment: In step four, a support body 28 is provided to form a heat reflective layer 27 on the surface of the support body 28.

Forming a heat reflecting layer 27 on the surface of the support 28 can be achieved by a coating or plating method. Specifically, when the material of the heat reflecting layer 27 is a metal salt or a metal oxide, the metal salt or the metal oxide particles may be dispersed in a solvent to form a slurry, and the slurry may be coated or silk. The web is printed on the surface of the support 28 to form the heat reflective layer 27. Depending on the metal salt or metal oxide, the solvent should not chemically react with the metal salt or metal oxide. Alternatively, the heat reflective layer 27 may be formed by plating, electroless plating, sputtering, vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, or physical vapor deposition. In the embodiment of the present invention, a layer of aluminum oxide is deposited on the surface of the ceramic substrate by physical vapor deposition as the heat reflective layer 27.

In step five, the heating element 26 is disposed on the surface of the heat reflective layer 27.

The heating element 26 can be secured to the surface of the heat reflective layer 27 by a bonding agent. Alternatively, a mechanical fixing method such as a fixing means such as a screw or a cleat may be used to fix the four or four sides of the heating element 26 to the surface of the heat reflecting layer 27.

In step six, a protective layer 25 is formed on the outer surface of the heating element 26 to form a heat source 20.

The protective layer 25 can be fixed to the surface of the heating element 26 directly by a bonding agent or a mechanical fixing method. In addition, when the material of the protective layer 25 is a thermoplastic polymer, the thermoplastic polymer may be coated or wrapped on the surface of the heating element 26 in a molten state at a high temperature, and cured to form the protective layer 25 at a low temperature. In addition, when the protective layer 25 is a flexible polymer, such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, the protective layer 25 and the heating element 26 may be superposed and hot pressed by a hot pressing step. The protective layer 25 is firmly bonded to the heating element 26.

The surface heat source and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages: First, since the carbon nanotube structure is a self-supporting structure, and the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in the carbon nanotube structure, the self-supporting nai The carbon nanotube structure is directly combined with the matrix, so that the carbon nanotubes in the heating element formed after the composite are still combined with each other to maintain the shape of a carbon nanotube structure, so that the carbon nanotubes in the heating element can be uniformly distributed to form a conductive The network is not limited by the concentration of the carbon nanotubes dispersed in the solution, so that the mass percentage of the carbon nanotubes in the heating element can reach 99%, so that the heat source has higher heating performance. In addition, the type of the base material is not limited to a polymer, and the application range of the heat source is wider. Second, because the carbon nanotubes have better strength and toughness, the carbon nanotube structure has higher strength, better flexibility, and is less prone to cracking, so that it has a longer service life, in particular, when the nanocarbon When the tube structure is combined with the flexible substrate to form a heating element, a flexible heat source can be prepared, so that the heat source has a wider application range. Third, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure are uniformly distributed, so that the carbon nanotubes have uniform thickness and electric resistance, uniform heat generation, high electric heat conversion efficiency of the carbon nanotubes, and heat capacity per unit area of the carbon nanotube structure. Less than 2 × 10 ^-4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin, so the surface heat source has the characteristics of rapid temperature rise, small thermal hysteresis, fast thermal response, fast heat exchange rate and high radiation efficiency. Fourth, the diameter of the carbon nanotubes is small, so that the carbon nanotube structure can have a small thickness, and a micro-surface heat source can be prepared for heating of the micro device. Fifth, when the carbon nanotube structure comprises a carbon nanotube film, the nano carbon tube film can be obtained by pulling from the carbon nanotube array, and the method is simple and favorable for the production of a large-area surface heat source. In the carbon nanotube film, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in the same direction, and have good electrical conductivity, so that the heat source has good heating performance, and the carbon nanotube film has a certain transparency. It can be used to prepare a transparent heat source. Sixth, the nanocarbon line can be used to braid heating elements of various shapes to prepare surface heat sources of various shapes. Seventh, the carbon nanotube film and the carbon nanotube film have good toughness and the preparation method is simple. Eighth, the method of forming the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure and directly combining the carbon nanotube structure with the matrix to form the heating element is simple, and the content of the carbon nanotube in the heating element can be conveniently controlled. After being combined with the matrix, the carbon nanotube structure can still maintain its original shape and has a heating performance comparable to that of the pure carbon nanotube structure. Ninth, the carbon nanotube structure can be selectively disposed at a position in a substrate having a specific shape to achieve local selective heating to meet the needs of different fields.

In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.

10‧‧‧ Face heat source

12‧‧‧First electrode

14‧‧‧second electrode

16‧‧‧heating elements

162‧‧‧ base

164‧‧・Nano carbon nanotube structure

Claims (18)

A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure are combined with each other by van der Waals force, the self-supporting nano tube The carbon tube structure defines a plurality of pores; a first electrode and a second electrode are formed to electrically connect with the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, and a matrix precursor is provided to allow the material of the matrix precursor to penetrate into the The plurality of pores of the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure combine the matrix precursor with the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure to form a carbon nanotube composite structure. The method for producing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are formed by forming a metal film on a surface of the carbon nanotube structure. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 2, wherein the method for forming a metal film on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure is electroplating, electroless plating, sputtering, vacuum evaporation, physical vapor deposition, and chemistry. Vapor deposition, direct coating of conductive paste or screen printing of conductive paste. The method for producing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are formed by fixing a metal piece or a metal lead on a surface of the carbon nanotube structure. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 4, wherein the metal piece or the metal lead is fixed to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure by a binder, a screw or a splint. The method for producing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are formed by bonding a metallic carbon nanotube layer to the carbon nanotube structure. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the step of combining the matrix precursor with the carbon nanotube structure comprises infiltrating the liquid matrix precursor with the carbon nanotube structure and curing the same. Liquid matrix precursor. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 7, wherein the liquid matrix precursor is a thermosetting polymer material, and the method for recombining the thermosetting polymer material with the carbon nanotube structure comprises the following steps: Providing a liquid thermosetting polymer material; placing the carbon nanotube structure in a mold; injecting the liquid thermosetting polymer material into the mold to infiltrate the carbon nanotube structure; passing a heating device The mold is heated; and the heating is stopped, and the mold is released after the mold is cooled to room temperature. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 1, wherein the matrix precursor is in a gaseous state, and the method of combining the matrix precursor and the carbon nanotube structure comprises vacuum evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition. Or physical vapor deposition. A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising: providing a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure are combined with each other by van der Waals force, the self-supporting nano tube The carbon tube structure defines a plurality of pores; providing a matrix precursor such that the material of the matrix precursor penetrates into the plurality of pores of the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, thereby the matrix precursor and the self-supporting The carbon nanotube structure is composited to form a heating element; and a first electrode and a second electrode are formed at intervals to form an electrical connection with the heating element. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 10, wherein the method for preparing the surface heat source further comprises the step of exposing the carbon nanotube structure to a surface of the heating element, the first electrode and the second electrode They are electrically connected to the exposed carbon nanotube structure, respectively. The method of preparing a surface heat source according to claim 11, wherein the step of exposing the carbon nanotube structure is to cut the heating element to form a cut surface to expose the carbon nanostructure to the cut surface. A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure are combined with each other by a van der Waals force, the self-supporting The carbon nanotube structure defines a plurality of pores; forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure; providing a matrix precursor to penetrate the material of the matrix precursor The plurality of pores of the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure, thereby compounding the matrix precursor and the self-supporting carbon nanotube structure to form a heating element; providing a support body comprising a reflective layer formed on the surface of the support; And placing the heating element on the surface of the reflective layer. The method of producing a surface heat source according to claim 13, wherein the heating element is fixed to the surface of the reflective layer by a bonding agent or a mechanical method. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 13, wherein the method for preparing the surface heat source further comprises forming a protective layer on a surface of the heating element . A method for preparing a surface heat source, comprising the steps of: providing a self-supporting nanocarbon line-like structure, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the self-supporting nanocarbon line-like structure are combined with each other by van der Waals force, the self The supported nanocarbon line-like structure defines a plurality of pores; providing a matrix precursor such that the material of the matrix precursor penetrates into the plurality of pores of the self-supporting nanocarbon line-like structure, thereby self-supporting a nano carbon line-like structure is combined with the matrix precursor to form a linear carbon nanotube composite structure; and one or more of the linear carbon nanotube composite structures are arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element; And forming a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrical connection with the carbon nanotubes in the linear carbon nanotube composite structure. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 16, wherein the linear carbon nanotube composite structure is arranged to form a two-dimensional heating element for knitting the linear carbon nanotube composite structure , cross, side by side or coiled. The method for preparing a surface heat source according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of linear carbon nanotube structures are bonded by a binder.