TWI396678B - 二級醇製備方法 - Google Patents
二級醇製備方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於一種二級醇製備方法,尤係一種使用鈷離子及配位基作催化有機硼酸及醛類進行加成反應的二級醇製備方法。
掌性二級醇化合物及其衍生物為常見的分子片段,其廣泛地存在於天然的、非天然的含有生理和藥理活性的分子中。具有取代基的二級醇化合物的製備主要方法是以過渡金屬催化有機金屬試劑與醛類進行加成反應。其中,有機硼酸試劑由於具有對空氣及水氣穩定度高、低毒性及容易取得等優點,因此常被採用以進行反應。在使用的催化劑之中,銠、鈀、鉑及鎳等金屬錯合物可以有效地催化有機硼酸與醛類的加成反應。此外,近來亦有報導銅和鐵可催化有機硼酸與醛類的加成反應。然而,在這些加成反應之中,醛類化合的適用範圍相當受限,只有具有芳基及吸電子基的醛類可良好作用。再者,儘管文獻中已有許多由金屬所催化的有機硼酸與醛類的加成反應,目前僅有少數的報導是關於不對稱式反應。
Zhou et al.(Org. Lett. 2006,8,1479)報導利用銠催化芳香硼酸與芳香醛類進行具有鏡像選擇性的加成反應,其中,掌性的二芳基甲醇的ee值(enantiomeric excess,鏡像異構物過量百分比)為62-87%。
此外,Miyaura et al(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009,48,4414)報導利用釕催化芳香硼酸與芳香醛類進行具有鏡像選擇性的加成反應,其獲得良好的掌性的二芳基甲醇的鏡像異構物過量百分比。然而在此反應中需要使用特別設計的掌性配位基及昂貴的釕或銠觸媒。
綜合上述,發展新穎、溫和及方便的掌性二級醇製備方法並使用便宜觸媒,仍是目前努力的目標。
本發明的目的之一為提供一種二級醇製備方法,藉由使用鈷離子及雙芽配位基催化有機硼酸及醛類進行加成反應以得到具有醫藥用途的二級醇。
依據本發明之一實施例,一種二級醇製備方法,包括:使一有機硼酸化合物及一醛類化合物在一反應試劑中反應以得到二級醇化合物,其中反應試劑包含一鈷離子以及一雙芽配位基。
本發明的另一目的為提供一種二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,藉由使用鈷離子及掌性雙芽配位基催化有機硼酸及醛類以得到具有鏡像選擇性的二級醇。
依據本發明之另一實施例,一種二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,包括:使一有機硼酸化合物及一醛類化合物在一有機溶液中反應以得到具有鏡像選擇性之二級醇化合物,其中有機溶液包含一鈷離子及一掌性雙芽配位基。
本發明上述及其他態樣、特性及優勢可由附圖及實施例之說明而可更加了解。
本發明之目的為提供一種二級醇製備方法,包括使一有機硼酸化合物及一醛類化合物在一反應試劑中反應以得到二級醇化合物,其中反應試劑包含鈷離子以及與鈷離子結合之雙芽配位基以作為催化劑。
本發明之有機硼酸化合物可包括烷基硼酸及/或芳基硼酸。其中,有機硼酸化合物較佳為芳基硼酸,特別是苯硼酸。苯硼酸具有下列代表式(1):
其中R1
係選自氫、鹵素、氰基、三氟甲烷基、胺基、C1
-C10
烷基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基所組成的群組。
本發明之醛類化合物具有下代表式(2):
其中R2
係選C1
-C10
烷基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基所組成的群組。
在此應註明的是烷基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、環烯基、雜環烷基、雜環烯基、芳基、以及雜芳基可包括經取代及未經取代之基團。
可能取代於環烷基、環烯基、雜環烷基、雜環烯基、芳基、以及雜芳基之取代基包含但不受限於C1
-C10
烷基、C2
-C10
烯基、C2
-C10
炔基、C3
-C20
環烷基、C3
-C20
環烯基、C1
-C20
雜環烷基、C1
-C20
雜環烯基、C1
-C10
烷氧基、芳基、芳氧基、雜芳基、雜芳氧基、胺基、C1
-C10
烷胺基、C1
-C20
二烷胺基、芳胺基、二芳胺基、C1
-C10
烷基磺胺(C1
-C10
alkylsulfonamino)、芳基磺胺(arylsulfonamino)、C1
-C10
烷基亞胺(C1
-C10
alkylimino)、芳基亞胺(arylimino)、C1
-C10
烷基磺亞胺(C1
-C10
alkylsulfonimino)、芳基磺亞胺(arylsulfonimino)、氫氧基、鹵素、硫代基(thio)、C1
-C10
烷硫基、芳硫基、C1
-C10
烷磺醯基(alkylsulfonyl)、芳磺醯基(arylsulfonyl)、醯基胺(acylamino)、胺基醯(aminoacyl)、胺基硫醯(aminothioacyl)、醯胺基(amido)、脒基(amidino)、胍基(guanidine)、脲基(ureido)、硫脲基(thioureido)、腈基、硝基、亞硝基、疊氮基(azido)、醯基、硫醯基、醯氧基(acyloxy)、羧基、及羧酸酯等。另一方面,可能取代於烷基、烯基、或炔基之取代基包含除C1
-C10
烷基外之上述所有取代基。環烷基、環烯基、雜環烷基、雜環烯基、芳基及雜芳基亦可互相稠合(fused)。
其中,在一實施例中,反應物為芳基硼酸及芳基醛類以獲得二芳基甲醇(diaryl methanol)。
在本發明之中鈷離子可為二價或三價,其中較佳者為二價。其中鈷離子是由乙醯丙酮鈷(II)((Co(acac)2)
)、碘化鈷(CoI2
)、溴化鈷(CoBr2
)或氯化鈷(CoCl2
)所提供。
本發明之雙芽配位基可與鈷離子結合以作為催化劑,舉例而言,雙芽配位基具有磷、氮或氧。
舉例而言,含磷雙芽配位基可包含:DPPE(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane,1,2-雙(二苯基膦)乙烷)、(R
)-Prophos((R
)-(+)-1,2-bis(diphenylphophino)propane,(R
)-(+)-1,2-雙(二苯基膦)丙烷)、(R
)-Tol-BINAP((R)-(+)-2,2’-Bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)-1,1’-binaphthyl,(R)-(+)-2,2’-雙(二-對甲苯基膦)-1,1’-聯萘)、(S
)-BINAP((S)-(-)-2,2’-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1’-binaphthyl,(S)-(-)-2,2’-雙(二苯基膦)-1,1’-聯萘)、(S,S
)-Chiraphos((2S,3S
)-(-)-bis(diphenylphophino)butane,(2S,3S
)-(-)-雙(二苯基膦)丁烷)、(R,R
)-BDPP((2R,4R
)-(+)-2,4-bis(diphenylphophino)pentane),(2R,4R
)-(+)-2,4-雙(二苯基膦)戊烷)、(S,S
)-BDPP((2S,4S
)-(+)-2,4-bis(diphenylphophino)pentane),(2S,4S
)-(+)-2,4-雙(二苯基膦)戊烷)、(R,R
)-Ph-BPE((-)-1,2-Bis((2R,5R
)-2,5-diphenylphospholano)ethane,(-)-1,2-雙((2R,5R
)-2,5-二苯基膦)乙烷)、(R
)-Quinap((R)-(+)-1-(2-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthyl)isoquinoline,(R)-(+)-1-(2-二苯基膦-1-萘基)異喹啉)、(R)-MOP((R)-(+)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-2’-methoxy-1,1’-binaphthyl,(R)-(+)-2-(二苯基膦)-2’-甲氧基-1,1’-聯萘)、(S,S
)-DIPAMP((S,S)-1,2-Bis[(2-methoxyphenyl)(phenylphosphino)]ethane,(S,S)-1,2-雙[(2-甲氧苯基)(苯基膦)]乙烷)、(R
)-Monophos((R)-(-)-(3,5-Dioxa-4-phospha-cyclohepta[2,1-a:3,4-a’]dinaphthalen-4-yl)dimethylamine,(R)-(-)-(3,5-雙氧-4-磷-環庚[2,1-a:3,4-a’]
雙萘-4-基)二甲胺)或(S,S
)-DIOP((4S,5S
)-(+)-4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane,(4S,5S
)-(+)-4,5-雙(二甲基膦甲基)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧環戊烷)。
舉例而言,含氮雙芽配位基可包含:3,5-dimethyl-bispyrazolylmethane(3,5-二甲基-二吡唑甲烷)、2,2'-bipyridine(2,2'-雙吡啶)、1,1-bis[4,4-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolin-2-yl]ethane(1,1-雙[4,4-二甲基-1,3-噁唑-2-基]乙烷)。
舉例而言,含氧雙芽配位基可包含:(S
)-BINOL((S)-(-)-1,1'-Bi(2-naphthol),(S)-(-)-1,1'-雙(2-萘酚))。
此外,在一實施例中,本發明之反應試劑較佳者為鹼性,其中較佳者鹼性來源是由碳酸鉀所提供,但應不以此為限。
請參照表1及下列反應式,在本發明一實施例之中,有機硼酸化合物為一芳基硼酸1,其可在鈷離子及雙芽配位基存在之下,與醛類化合物2進行反應,以得到二級醇3。
在上述反應條件之中,苯硼酸(1a)與具有各種取代基的芳香醛類、雜環醛類及脂肪醛類進行反應產生二級醇。其中具有拉電子基的苯甲醛(例如具有4-NO2
取代基(2b)、具有4-CHO取代基(2c),具有4-CO2
Me取代基(2d)及具有4-CF3
取代基(2e))可產生二芳基甲醇3ab-3ae,並具有良好產率(89-97%;表1編號2-5)。
具有鹵素取代基的苯甲醛衍生物亦適用於本發明之催化反應。例如取代基4-F(2f)、3-F(2g)、2-F(2h)、4-Cl(2i)及4-Br(2j)可與苯硼酸(1a)有效地反應以生成相對的二芳基甲醇3af-3aj,其具良好或優異的產率(請參照表1編號6-10)。
相同地,苯甲醛(2k)、1-萘甲醛(1-napthaldehyde,2l)、及2-萘甲醛(2-napthaldehyde,2m)亦可與苯硼酸(1a)進行加成反應以生成產物3ak-3am並具有良好產率(請參照表1編號11-13)。
具有推電子基的苯甲醛(例如4-Me(2n)及4-OMe(2o))亦可進行
加成反應產生產物3an及3ao,其產率為適中(請參照表1編號14及15)。
雜環醛類,包含4-甲醯吡啶(4-formylpyridine,2p)、2-甲醯呋喃(2-formylfuran,2q)及2-甲醯噻吩(2-formylthiophene,2r)亦可有效反應以得到成加產物3ap至3ar,其產率分別為76,69及78%(請參照表1編號16-18)。
脂肪醛類,例如環己烷基甲醛(cyclohexanecarbaldehyde,2s),亦可有效地進行加成反應以得到產物3as,其產率為79%(請參照表1編號19)。
此外,本發明中具有各種取代基的芳基硼酸可與4-甲醯基苯甲酸甲酯(methyl 4-formylbenzoate,2d)進行反應。芳基硼酸其取代基包括4-Br(1b)、4-F(1c)、4-CHO(1d)、4-Me(1e)、4-OMe(1f)、2-OMe(1g)及4-vinyl(1h)可以與2d進行反應以產生具有取代基的二芳基甲醇3bd-3hd,其產率分別為93,93,84,92,97,96及75%(參照表1編號20-26)。
由上述結果得知,本發明之加成反應對於各種官能基團,例如Br、F、CHO、Me及OMe等,皆能廣泛地適用。
此外,此催化反應亦適用於帶有烯基之苯硼酸。其中(E
)-苯乙烯基硼酸((E
)-styrylboronic acid,1i)與2d反應得到具烯丙基之二級醇,其產率為78%(請參照表1編號27)。
在Co(acac)2
(5 mol%)、dppe(5 mol%)溶於THF/CH3
CN(1:1)之中,phenylboronic acid(1a)與4-cyanobenzaldehyde(2a)於80℃進行12小時的反應,以得到加成產物3aa,產率為96%。
在此反應中,不需加入額外的鹼,僅需使用1.2 mmol的有機硼酸。
上述的催化反應亦可使用CoI2
或CoCl2
(5 mol%)及dppe(5 mol%)作為催化劑,並使用THF作為溶劑以得到3aa,其產率為96-97%,然而此時需要加入鹼K2
CO3
(1.5當量)以活化硼酸。
請參照表2及下列反應式,本發明之另一目的提供一種二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其係藉由使一有機硼酸化合物1及一醛類化合物2在一有機溶液中反應以得到鏡像選擇之二級醇化合物3,其中該有機溶液包含一鈷離子及一掌性雙芽配位基。
許多種類的掌性配位基可適用本發明,並進行測試,包括(R
)-Prophos、(R
)-Tol-BINAP、(S
)-BINAP、(S,S
)-Chiraphos、(S
)-BINOL、(R,R
)-Ph-BPE、(R
)-Quinap、(R
)-MOP、(S,S
)-DIPAMP、(R
)-Monophos、(R,R
)-BDPP、(S,S
)-BDPP及(S,S
)-DIOP。測試的反應條件為反應物為1a及2d,鈷離子為CoI2
(5 mol%)、雙芽掌性配位基(5 mol%)及K2
CO3
(1.5當量),而溶劑為THF。在測試的配位基之中,(R,R
)-BDPP功效最好,可提供98%產率及94% ee值的(S
)式的二芳基甲醇(表2編號3);其他配位基產生3ad的產率為44-86%,ee值為10-67%。
在上述的反應條件之中,(S,S
)-BDPP可產生另一種鏡像異構物-(R
)式的二芳基甲醇3ad,其產率為95%,ee值為93%(表2編號4)。
其他的鈷催化劑,Co(acac)2
/(R,R
)-BDPP,其可於THF之中而不需鹼即可作用,並產生掌性(S
)-3ad,產率為95%,ee值為93%,因此也是一個有效率的催化劑。
請參照表2及反應式,反應條件為CoI2
(5 mol%)/(R,R
)-BDPP(5 mol%)及K2
CO3
(1.5當量)於THF溶液之中,與具有各種取代基的醛類與苯硼酸(1a)進行加成反應。
其中具有拉電子基的苯甲醛(例如具有4-CN取代基(2a)、具有4-NO2
取代基(2b)、具有4-CO2
Me取代基(2d)及具有4-CF3
取代基(2e))可產生(S
)式的掌性二芳基甲醇3ab至3ae,其具有優良產率分別為97、95、98及97%;以及具有良好的ee值比分別為92、93、94及92%(請參照表2編號1-3、5)。
此外,如果使用CoI2
/(S,S
)-BDPP做為催化劑進行1d與2d的反應,則如同預測地產生(R
)-3ad,其ee值為93%(請參照表2編號4)。
如同上述,在使用CoI/(R,R
)-BDPP做為催化劑的情形之中,具有取代基4-F(2f)、4-Cl(2i)及4-Br(2j)取代基的苯甲醛可與苯硼酸(1a)有效地反應以生成相對的二芳基甲醇3af、3ai及3aj,其具優良的ee值分別為99、93及96%。(請參照表2,編號6-8)。
同理,1-萘甲醛(1-napthaldehyde,2l)、2-萘甲醛(2-napthaldehyde,2m)、4-Me(2n)、4-OMe(2o)及2-甲醯噻吩(2-formylthiophene,2r)進行反應可獲得(S
)式的二芳基甲醇3al、3am、3an、3ao及3ar,其產率為77-90%,而ee值為86-93%(請參照表2編號9-13)。
此外,環己烷基甲醛(2s)可產生(R
)-3as,其產率為84%、ee值為97%(請參照表2編號14)。
此外,本發明中具有各種取代基的芳基硼酸可與4-甲醯基苯甲酸甲酯(methyl 4-formylbenzoate,2d)進行反應。芳基硼酸其取代基包括4-Br(1b)、4-Me(1e)、4-OMe(1f)及2-OMe(1g)以產生二芳基甲醇3bd、3ed、3fd及3gd,並具有優良的產率分別為92-99%及高ee值分別為90-94%(請參照表2,編號15、19-21)。
此外,應註明的是(R
)-3bk為(S
)-3aj的鏡像異構物(表2編號8),其中(S
)-3aj的是由苯硼酸(1a)及4-溴苯甲醛(2j)並使用相同的掌性CoI2
/(R,R
)-BDPP催化劑所得的。相同的還有,(R
)-3ek(表2編號17)是(S
)-3an(表2編號11)的鏡像異構物;以及(R
)-3fk(表2編號18)是(S
)-3ao(表2編號12)的鏡像異構物。
因此,本發明可提供一種彈性的二級醇製備方法,其可使用相同的掌性催化劑並催化非稱性加成反應而得到兩種鏡像異構物。此外,在本發明的不對稱式反應之中,產物(S
)-3ai及(R
)-3ek是生物活性物質(S
)-西替利嗪(cetirizine)及(R
)-neobenodine的重要中間物。
綜合上述,本發明藉由使用鈷離子及雙芽配位基催化有機硼酸及醛類進行加成反應以得到具有醫藥用途的二級醇,並且具有良好的產率及/或ee值。此外,本發明可使用較便宜的鈷及市售的掌性配位基(例如(R,R
)-BDPP)進行反應,並且許多種類的芳基硼酸及醛類皆可適用於本發明之二級醇製備方式,因此相當具有優勢。
以上所述之實施例僅是為說明本發明之技術思想及特點,其目的在使熟習此項技藝之人士能夠瞭解本發明之內容並據以實施,當不能以之限定本發明之專利範圍,即大凡依本發明所揭示之精神所作之均等變化或修飾,仍應涵蓋在本發明之專利範圍內。
Claims (16)
- 一種二級醇製備方法,包括:使一芳基硼酸化合物及一醛類化合物在一反應試劑中反應以得到二級醇化合物,其中該反應試劑包含一鈷離子以及一含磷雙芽配位基。
- 如請求項1之二級醇製備方法,其中該芳基硼酸化合物為一苯硼酸,其具有下列代表式(1):
- 如請求項1之二級醇製備方法,其中該醛類化合物具有下代表式(2):
- 如請求項1之二級醇製備方法,其中該含磷雙芽配位基包含1,2-雙(二苯基膦)乙烷(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane,DPPE)、(R )-(+)-1,2-雙(二苯基膦)丙烷((R )-(+)-1,2-bis(diphenylphophino)propane,(R )-Prophos)、(R )-(+)-2,2’-雙(二-對甲苯基膦)-1,1’-聯萘 ((R )-(+)-2,2’-Bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)-1,1’-binaphthyl,(R )-Tol-BINAP)、(S )-(-)-2,2’-雙(二苯基膦)-1,1’-聯萘((S )-(-)-2,2’-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1’-binaphthyl,(S )-BINAP)、(2S,3S )-(-)-雙(二苯基膦)丁烷((2S,3S )-(-)-bis(diphenylphophino)butane,(S,S )-Chiraphos)、(2R,4R )-(+)-2,4-雙(二苯基膦)戊烷((2R,4R )-(+)-2,4-bis(diphenylphophino)pentane),(R,R )-BDPP)、(2S,4S )-(+)-2,4-雙(二苯基膦)戊烷((2S,4S )-(+)-2,4-bis(diphenylphophino)pentane),(S,S )-BDPP)、(-)-1,2-雙((2R,5R )-2,5-二苯基膦)乙烷((-)-1,2-Bis((2R,5R )-2,5-diphenylphospholano)ethane,(R,R )-Ph-BPE)、(R )-(+)-1-(2-二苯基膦-1-萘基)異喹啉((R )-(+)-1-(2-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthyl)isoquinoline,(R )-Quinap)、(R )-(+)-2-(二苯基膦)-2’-甲氧基-1,1’-聯萘((R )-(+)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-2’-methoxy-1,1’-binaphthyl,(R )-MOP)、(S,S )-1,2-雙[(2-甲氧苯基)(苯基膦)]乙烷((S,S )-1,2-Bis[(2-methoxyphenyl)(phenylphosphino)]ethane,(S,S )-DIPAMP)、(R )-(-)-(3,5-雙氧-4-磷-環庚[2,1-a:3,4-a’]雙萘-4-基)二甲胺((R )-(-)-(3,5-Dioxa-4-phospha-cyclohepta[2,1-a:3,4-a’]dinaphthalen-4-yl)dimethylamine,(R )-Monophos)或(4S,5S )-(+)-4,5-雙(二甲基膦甲基)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧環戊烷((4S,5S )-(+)-4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane,(S.S )-DIOP)。
- 如請求項1之二級醇製備方法,其中該鈷離子為二價。
- 如請求項1之二級醇製備方法,其中該鈷離子是由乙醯丙酮鈷(II)(Co(acac)2 )、碘化鈷(CoI2 )、溴化鈷(CoBr2 )或氯化鈷(CoCl2 )所提供。
- 如請求項1之二級醇製備方法,其中該反應試劑更包含一鹼性試劑。
- 如請求項7之二級醇製備方法,其中該反應試劑之該鹼性試劑為碳酸鉀。
- 一種二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,包括:使一芳基硼酸化合物及一醛類化合物在一有機溶液中反應以得到鏡像選擇之二級醇化合物,其中該有機溶液包含一鈷離子及一含磷掌性雙芽配位基。
- 如請求項9之二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其中該芳基硼酸化合物為一苯硼酸,其具有下列代表式(1):
- 如請求項9之二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其中該醛類化合物具有下代表式(2):
- 如請求項9之二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其中該含磷雙芽配位基包含(R)-(+)-1,2-雙(二苯基膦)丙烷((R)-(+)-1,2-bis(diphenylphophino)propane,(R)-Prophos)、(R)-(+)-2,2’-雙(二-對甲苯基膦)-1,1’-聯萘((R)-(+)-2,2’-Bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)-1,1’-binaphthyl,(R)-Tol-BINAP)、(S)-(-)-2,2’-雙(二苯基膦)-1,1’-聯萘((S)-(-)-2,2’-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1’-binaphthyl,(S)-BINAP)、(2S,3S)-(-)-雙(二苯基膦)丁烷((2S,3S)-(-)-bis(diphenylphophino)butane,(S,S)-Chiraphos)、(2R,4R)-(+)-2,4-雙(二苯基膦)戊烷((2R,4R)-(+)-2,4-bis(diphenylphophino)pentane),(R,R)-BDPP)、(2S,4S)-(+)-2,4-雙(二苯基膦)戊烷((2S,4S)-(+)-2,4-bis(diphenylphophino)pentane),(S,S)-BDPP)、(-)-1,2-雙((2R,5R)-2,5-二苯基膦)乙烷((-)-1,2-Bis((2R,5R)-2,5-diphenylphospholano)ethane,(R,R)-Ph-BPE)、(R)-(+)-1-(2-二苯基膦-1-萘基)異喹啉((R)-(+)-1-(2-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthyl)isoquinoline,(R)-Quinap)、(R)-(+)-2-(二苯基膦)-2’-甲氧基-1,1’-聯萘((R)-(+)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-2’-methoxy-1,1’-binaphthyl,(R)-MOP)、(S,S)-1,2-雙[(2-甲氧苯基)(苯基膦)]乙烷((S,S)-1,2-Bis[(2-methoxyphenyl)(phenylphosphino)]ethane,(S,S)-DIPAMP)、(R)-(-)-(3,5-雙氧-4-磷-環庚[2,1-a:3,4-a’]雙萘-4-基)二甲胺 ((R)-(-)-(3,5-Dioxa-4-phospha-cyclohepta[2,1-a:3,4-a’]dinaphthalen-4-yl)dimethylamine,(R)-Monophos)或(4S,5S)-(+)-4,5-雙(二甲基膦甲基)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧環戊烷((4S,5S)-(+)-4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane,(S,S)-DIOP)。
- 如請求項9之二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其中該鈷離子為二價。
- 如請求項9之二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其中該鈷離子是由乙醯丙酮鈷(II)(Co(acac)2 )、碘化鈷(CoI2 )、溴化鈷(CoBr2 )或氯化鈷(CoCl2 )所提供。
- 如請求項9之二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其中該有機溶液更包含一鹼性試劑。
- 如請求項15之二級醇之鏡像選擇性製備方法,其中該有機溶液之鹼性試劑為碳酸鉀。
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