1373528 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於由一含金屬進料例如礦砂、部分還原礦砂 及含金屬廢料流以製造熔融金屬之直接冶煉工廠及直接冶 煉方法。 「冶煉」一詞於此處須了解係表示加熱處理，於其中進 行還原含金屬進料之化學反應以製造熔融金屬。 概略言之，本發明係關於一種直接冶煉工廠，其包括一 直接冶煉容器用於冶煉含金屬進料成為金屬；一前處理單 元用於前處理含金屬進料，以及製造具有溫度至少為200 。(：之經前處理之含金屬進料於該容器冶煉；以及一含金屬 進料轉移手段用於儲存具有溫度至少2 0 0 °C之經前處理之 含金屬進料，並轉移熱之經前處理含金屬進料，以及於加 壓下於至少200 °C之溫度進料至該直接冶煉容器之固體輸 送手段。 概略言之，本發明亦係關於一種於此直接冶煉工廠，由 含金屬進料製造熔融金屬之直接冶煉方法。 本發明特別係關於（但絕非專一地）以含鐵進料形式，例 如鐵礦硫屑之含金屬進料。 【先前技術】 一種已知主要仰賴熔融浴作為反應介質而製造熔融金 屬之直接冶煉方法，其係通稱為高爐冶煉方法（Hlsmelt process)，說明於國際專利中請案PCT/AU96/00197(WO 9 6 / 3 1 6 2 7 )及其它專利申請案，例如更為晚近提出申請之澳 6 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 洲臨時申請案2 Ο Ο 3 9 Ο 1 6 9 3 (其重點集中於由鐵礦碎屑 炫融鐵），申請人為丁6。1111〇1〇£1。311?650111_。65?丈7· Limited。 高爐冶煉方法（Hlsmelt process)包括下列步驟： (a)於一直接冶煉容器中形成一熔融金屬及熔渣浴 (b )於該浴内注入： (i )含金屬進料，典型為金屬氧化物；及 (i i )固體含碳材料，典型為煤，其係作為含金屬 之還原劑以及能量來源；及 (c)於該浴冶煉含金屬進料成為金屬。 於該高爐冶煉方法，含金屬進料及固體含碳材料係 固體輸送手段而注入熔融浴，該固體輸送手段係為矛 式，其係朝垂直方向傾斜，因而向下向内延伸通過直 煉容器側壁，且延伸入容器下區，因而輸送至少部交 材料至容器底部之金屬層中。 高爐冶煉方法允許經由於單一精簡容器直接冶煉， 造大量炫融金屬。 該高爐冶煉方法特別適用於冶煉鐵礦碎屑形式之含 進料。 操作該高爐冶煉方法及其它基於熔融浴之直接冶煉 法之一種可能的工廠組配結構類型包括一前處理單元 係用於將含金屬進料供應至直接冶煉容器之前先前處 含金屬進料。該前處理可侷限於預熱含金屬進料。該 理可包括至少部分還原固態進料。進一步舉例說明， 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 7 製造 進料 經由 之形 接冶 固體 而製 鐵 方 ，其 理該 前處 前處 1373528 理可包括焙燒進料。 本發明提供一種有效可靠之工廠，其於直接冶煉處理過 程可前處理含金屬進料，及於至少200 °C之溫度下製造經 前處理之進料，以及轉移熱之經前處理含金屬進料至一直 接冶煉容器之固體輸送手段。 【發明内容】 概略言之，本發明係提供一種直接冶煉工廠，其係用於 由含金屬進料（例如鐵礦碎屑）製造熔融金屬（例如熔融 鐵），包括： (a)—前處理單元，其係用於前處理含金屬進料，及製 造具有溫度至少2 0 0 °C之經前處理進料； (b ) —直接冶煉容器，其係用於冶煉經前處理之含金屬 進料成為熔融金屬，該容器係適合含有金屬與熔渣之熔融 浴，該容器包括一固體輸送手段，其係用於接收高於大氣 壓之壓力且至少200 °C溫度下之經前處理之含金屬進料， 及隨後供應該進料至該容器； (c) 一熱進料轉移手段，其係用於將該經前處理之含金 屬進料由該前處理單元轉移至該直接冶煉容器之固體輸送 手段，該轉移手段包含： (i ) 一熱進料儲存手段，其係用於儲存於至少2 0 0 °C及高 於大氣壓之壓力下經前處理之含金屬進料； (i i ) 一熱進料轉移管線，其係用於在至少2 0 0 °C加壓下 將該經前處理之含金屬進料轉移至該直接冶煉容器之固體 輸送手段； 8 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 (iii) 一加壓手段，其係於高於大氣壓之壓力下供給氣 體至該熱進料儲存手段，用以加壓該儲存手段；以及供給 高於大氣壓之壓力至該熱進料轉移管線，以加壓該轉移管 線，並作為一載氣，以沿著該轉移管線轉運經前處理之含 金屬進料至該固體輸送手段。 較佳該前處理單元係選自包括一預熱器、一預還原器及 一焙燒器組成之群。使用時，該預還原器及該焙燒器加熱 經前處理之含金屬進料以作為標準操作之一部分，來進行 其預還原以及焙燒經前處理之含金屬進料之主要功能。 較佳該工廠進一步包含一熱進料轉移手段，其係用於將 經前處理之含金屬進料由該前處理單元轉移至該熱進料轉 移手段。 較佳該熱進料轉移手段包含一盤式輸送器。 較佳該經前處理之含金屬進料為含鐵進料，熔融浴含有 熔融鐵。該含鐵進料可包含0至1 0 0 %間之任何還原等級之 鐵，較佳為具有還原等級為8%至95%之鐵，且可含有其它 成分例如碳等。 較佳該含鐵進料係為鐵礦碎屑形式。 通常鐵礦碎屑之最大尺寸係於4毫米至8毫米之範圍 間。較佳至少3 0 %鐵礦碎屑具有粒子尺寸小於0, 5毫米， 而d _ 5 0直徑係於0 . 8毫米至1 . 0毫米間，具有寬廣粒子大 小分佈。如此，例如9 5 %粒子具有粒子大小小於6. 3毫米。 較佳於該熱進料儲存手段之壓力為至少3巴（b a r )絕對 壓力，更佳至少4巴絕對壓力。 9 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 較佳於熱進料轉移管線，於該經前處理之含金屬進 該熱進料儲存手段被導入該轉移管線之位置區域之壓 少為3巴絕對壓力，更佳至少為4巴絕對壓力。 較佳該固體輸送手段為一種固體注入手段，其係用 該經前處理之含金屬進料於加壓下注入該直接冶煉容 較佳該固體輸送手段為一種用於將經前處理之含金 進料注入該熔融浴之固體注入手段。 較佳該固體注入手段為一矛。 較佳該熱進料轉移手段包括一控制手段，其係供控 該熱進料儲存手段流入該熱進料轉移管線之經前處理 金屬進料流。 較佳該儲存流控制手段為一種供應手段，其係用於 經前處理之含金屬進料以預定質量流速至該熱進料轉 線。 較佳該儲存流控制手段為一種螺桿輸送器，其具有 前處理之含金屬進料入口 、一進氣口，及一經前處理 金屬進料出口連結至該熱進料轉移管線。 較佳該熱進料儲存手段包括（a) —上閉鎖料斗，其j 一經前處理之含金屬進料入口、一加壓該閉鎖料斗用 氣口，及一經前處理之含金屬進料出口； （b) —下閉在 斗，其具有一經前處理之含金屬進料入口 、一加壓該 料斗用之進氣口，及一經前處理之含金屬進料出口 一管線互連該上閉鎖料斗出口與該下閉鎖料斗入口。 較佳該熱進料儲存手段進一步包括一管線互連該下 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93 D9351 10 料由 力至 於將 器。 屬 制由 之含 供應 移管 一經 之含 「有 之進 ί料 閉鎖 ‘（c) 閉 1373528 鎖料斗出口與該螺桿輸送器之進料入口。 較佳該熱進料轉移手段也包括一控制手段，其係供控制 沿該熱進料轉移管線，由該熱進料儲存手段流至該固.體輸 送手段之經前處理之含金屬進料流。 較佳該轉移管線流動控制手段可操作以控制經前處理 之含金屬進料沿該熱進料轉移管線於可維持該經前處理之 含金屬進料懸浮於該轉移管線載氣流動之速度。 較佳該轉移管線流動控制手段控制該載氣流入該熱進 料轉移管線之流，俾控制該經前處理之含金屬進料沿該熱 進料轉移管線之流。 當該含金屬進料為鐵礦碎屑，其具有最大尺寸於4-8毫 米之範圍，且經前處理藉此達到高達6 8 0 °C或甚至高達8 9 0 °C之溫度，以及該載劑至少實質上為氮氣，且係於環境溫 度饋至該轉移管線時，較佳該載氣於該轉移管線輸送該經 前處理之含金屬進料之速度至少為19米/秒。 較佳該流動控制手段可操作以控制經前處理之含金屬 進料沿該熱進料轉移管線之流動，俾輸送該經前處理之含 金屬進料至該固體輸送手段，因此該固體輸送手段可於預 定速度將該載氣及該經前處理之含金屬進料轉移至該直接 冶煉容器。 較佳該載氣之預定速度係於7 0 - 1 2 0米/秒之範圍。 更佳該載氣之預定速度為1 1 2米/秒。 較佳越過該固體輸送手段係具有壓降約1巴。 較佳該載氣至少實質包含惰性氣體。 11 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 較佳該惰性氙體為氮氣。 較佳該熱進料轉移手段包括一送返手段，其係用 經.前處理之含金屬進料送返至該前處理單元。 較佳將該熱之經前處理之含金屬進料送返該前處 元之手段係適合當該直接冶煉容器於待命時操作， 經前處理之含金屬進料。 較佳將該熱之經前處理之含金屬進料送返該前處 元之手段包括（a) —返回轉移管線，其係互連該熱進 管線與該前處理單元；以及（b)於管線之闊門，其可 操作以允許沿該熱進料轉移管線流動之經前處理之 進料，經由該返回轉移管線而被送返該前處理單元 較佳該熱進料轉移手段包括一去除堵塞手段，其 除該熱進料轉移管線之阻塞，而無需人工介入該管 關閉該直接冶煉容器之操作。 較佳該去除熱進料轉移管線堵塞之手段包括複數 於沿管線縱向方向一系列位置之選擇性加壓該熱進 管線之手段，因此該管線可於管線之堵塞位置上游』 游選擇性加壓與解除加壓。 較佳該去除熱進料轉移管線之堵塞之手段包括複 排放管線，其係供於沿該管線縱向之一系列位置， 進料轉移管線之堵塞處排放已鬆脫的材料。 較佳該返回轉移管線為此種排放管線。 較佳該去除熱進料轉移管線堵塞之手段包括複數 測器，其係用於檢測該熱進料轉移管線之堵塞位置 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\931393 51 12 於將該 理單 且無需 理單 料轉移 選擇性 含金屬 〇 係供去 線，或 個用 料轉移 L /或下 數個 由該熱 個檢 1373528 較佳該直接冶煉容器為一固定式冶煉容器，用以盛裝金 屬與熔渣之熔融浴，以及一該浴上方之氣體空間，以及該 固體輸送手段包括2對或2對以上之固體注入矛排列環繞 於該容器且伸入容器内，各對矛中之二矛係於直徑方向彼 此相對，其中至少一對矛係設置供注入該經前處理之含金 屬進料，以及其中各對矛中之至少一對矛係設置供注入固 體含碳材料，而各對矛係環繞容器設置，因而相鄰之矛為 設置供注入不同材料之矛。 較佳該直接冶煉容器包括一氣體注入手段，其向下延伸 入該容器，而將含氧氣體注入容器内之氣體空間及/或浴。 較佳該直接冶煉容器包括一氣體輸送導管手段，其係由 一遠離容器之氣體供應位置延伸至容器上方之一輸送位 置，供輸送該含氧氣體至該氣體注入手段。 較佳該直接冶煉容器包括一廢氣導管手段，其係供輔助 來自容器之廢氣流動遠離該容器。 較佳該直接冶煉容器包括一金屬分接手段，其係供由該 浴分接熔融金屬，以及轉運該熔融金屬遠離該容器。 較佳該直接冶煉容器包括一熔渣分接手段，其係用於分 接來自浴之炼造，以及轉運該炫潰遠離該容器。 較佳該固體注入矛係配置成通過於該容器側壁之開 口，向下向内延伸入容器内部。 較佳於該容器側壁之矛開口係位於該容器之等高，且環 繞該容器周邊係以相等距離間隔。 根據本發明，也提供一種直接冶煉方法，該直接冶煉方 13 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 法係用於由含金屬進料（例如鐵礦碎屑）製造熔融金屬，包 括下列步驟： (a) 於前處理單元中前處理含金屬進料，及製造具有溫 度至少為2 0 0 °C之經前處理之進料； (b) 於熱進料儲存手段在加壓下儲存該具有溫度至少為 200 °C之經前處理之含金屬進料； (c) 於熱進料轉移管線令轉移該於加壓下具有溫度至少 200 °C之經前處理之含金屬進料至一直接冶煉容器之固體 輸送手段， (d) 輸送該經前處理之含金屬進料至該直接冶煉容器， 以及於該容器冶煉該含金屬進料成為熔融金屬。 較佳該方法包括當該直接冶煉容器係待命操作1且不需 要經前處理之含金屬進料時，將該經前處理之含金屬進料 送返該前處理單元。 較佳回應於於該熱進料轉移管線出現堵塞’該方法包括 經由於管線堵塞處上游及/或下游，將該熱進料轉移管線選 擇性解除加壓，以去除該熱進料轉移管線之堵塞，而無需 人工介入管線或關閉該直接冶煉容器之操作。 較佳該方法包括經由於該管線堵塞處上游或下游，選擇 性加壓該熱進料轉移管線，以及隨後將該管線於與加壓側 不同側之管線解除加壓，以去除該熱進料轉移管線之堵塞。 較佳該方法包括突然將該管線解除加壓。 較佳該方法包括於該堵塞之相對兩側重複前述加壓管 線與解除管線加壓之順序。 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 14 1373528 特別當該含金屬進料為一種含鐵材料時，較佳步驟（a ) 包括前處理進料，係經由將進料預熱至溫度至少4 0 0 °C ， 更佳至少6 0 0°C ，及又更佳至少8 0 0 °C 。 較佳該溫度至少為8 5 0 °C。 更佳該溫度係於8 5 0 °C - 8 9 0 °C之範圍。 較佳步驟（b )包括經由供給加壓氣體至該熱進料儲存手 段，來於加壓下儲存該經前處理之含金屬進料於該熱進料 儲存手段。 較佳該加壓氣體至少實質包含惰性氣體。 較佳步驟（c )包括經由供給載氣至該熱進料轉移管線以 沿該管線轉運經前處理之含金屬進料，而於該熱進料轉移 管線於加壓下轉移該經前處理之含金屬進料。 較佳該載氣至少實質包括惰性氣體。 較佳該載氣係於0 °C至4 5 0 °C溫度，及更佳於環境溫度 供給該熱進料轉移管線。 較佳步驟（c )包括控制該經前處理之含金屬進料沿該熱 進料轉移管線於可維持該熱含金屬進料於該轉移管線懸浮 於該載氣流動之速度。 較佳步驟（c )包括控制該載氣沿該熱進料轉移管線之流 動，俾控制該經前處理之含金屬進料沿該熱進料轉移管線 之流動。 當該含金屬進料為鐵礦碎屑，其具有最大尺寸於4-8毫 米之範圍，且經前處理藉此達到6 8 0 °C或甚至高達8 9 0 °C之 溫度，以及該載劑至少實質上為氮氣，以及於環境溫度供 15 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 給該轉移管線，較佳於該轉移管線之載氣速度至少為1 9 米/秒。 較佳步驟（d)包括於高於大氣壓之壓力輸送經前處理之 含金屬進料至該直接冶煉容器。 較佳步驟（d )包括高於2 0 0 °C溫度，更佳高於4 0 0 °C溫 度，及又更佳高於600 °C溫度時輸送該經前處理之含金屬 進料至該直接冶煉容器。 較佳該固體輸送手段為固體注入矛；以及步驟（d)包括 經由以載氣速度於7 0 - 1 2 0米/秒之範圍經由該固體注入矛 注入該經前處理之含金屬進料，而輸送該經前處理之含金 屬進料至該直接冶煉容器。 【實施方式】 後文根據本發明之直接冶煉工廠及直接冶煉方法之較 佳具體例之說明係有關冶煉鐵礦碎屑之内容。須注意本發 明非僅限於此種形式之含鐵材料，本發明可延伸至其它形 式之含鐵材料，且非僅限於含鐵材料本身，而可擴展至一 般含金屬進料。 參照圖1，有關本具體例，直接冶煉工廠之主要組件包 括： (a)—前處理單元，其係呈預熱器3形式，用於預熱鐵 礦碎屑形式之含鐵進料； (b ) —直接冶煉容器5，其係用於冶煉該經預熱之鐵礦碎 屑成為熔融鐵；及 (c ) 一熱含鐵進料轉移裝置（概略標示為符號7 )，其係用 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 i6 1373528 於儲存該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑，以及於加壓下轉移該碎屑至 該直接冶煉容器之固體注入矛。 預熱器3可為任一種適當預熱器，例如高爐或循環流化 床，可預熱鐵礦碎屑，典型至溫度約680 °C或甚至約880 °C。 直接冶煉容器5可為任一種進行直接冶煉方法（例如前 述高爐冶煉方法）之適當容器。 申請人提出之澳洲臨時專利申請案2 0 0 3 9 0 1 6 9 3包括高 爐冶煉容器之概略組成說明，該澳洲臨時專利申請案之揭 示内容藉交互參照併入此處。 就基本術語而言，澳洲臨時專利申請案2 0 0 3 9 0 1 6 9 3所 述之高爐冶煉容器包括一爐床，該爐床包括由耐火磚製成 之底部及側部，側壁形成概略圓柱形筒而由爐床側部向上 延伸，側壁包括一上筒段以及一由水冷式面板所形成之下 筒段、一頂、一廢氣出口 、一用於連續排放熔融金屬用之 前爐床，以及用於排放熔融爐渣用之分接孔。 使用中，該容器含有鐵與爐渣之熔融浴，該熔融浴包括 一層溶融金屬，以及一層於該金屬層上之炫融爐潰。 該容器裝配有一向下延伸之氣體注入矛，該矛供將熱空 氣喷射輸送入容器上區。該氣體注入矛係經由一熱氣體輸 送導管接收流經該導管之富氧熱空氣，該導管係由一位在 遠離還原容器若干距離之熱氣體供應站延伸。 該容器也裝配有8枝固體注入矛，其貫穿側壁向下向内 延伸入該熔融浴之熔渣層内部，用於將經挾帶於一乏氧載 17 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 氣之該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑、固體含碳材料，及助熔劑注入 金屬層内部。固體注入矛之位置係選定為，於該方法操作 期間，矛之出口端係高於金屬層表面。此等固體注入矛之 位置可減少矛與熔融金屬接觸導致之損害風險，同時也可 藉強制内部水冷卻來冷卻矛，而無顯著水與容器之熔融金 屬接觸之風險。 該固體注入矛分成2組，每組4枝矛，一組之矛係接收 經預熱之熱鐵礦碎屑，而另一組之矛（圖中未顯示）則於冶 煉操作期間接收煤及助熔劑（經由含碳材料/助熔劑注入系 統（圖中未顯示）而接收）。2組矛係環繞容器周邊交錯排 列。接收經預熱之熱鐵礦碎屑之矛於圖4係以符號2 7標示。 熱含鐵進料轉移裝置7包括： (a ) —熱進料儲存手段，其係用於加壓下儲存經預熱之 鐵礦碎屑，概略標示為符號61 ; (b ) —系列熱進料轉移管線1 1 (圖1之流程圖只顯示其中 一管線），其係用於將該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑於加壓下由該儲 存手段61轉移至固體注入矛； (c) 一氮氣來源1 3及氮氣管線1 5，其係用於供給氮氣以 加壓該儲存手段6 1，以及沿該轉移管線1 1轉運該經預熱 之鐵礦碎屑：以及 (d) —返回管線1 7，其係用於直接冶煉容器5為孤立但 不需要任何鐵礦碎屑之情況下，將該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑送 返預熱器3，當以預熱進料或其它形式經前處理之進料操 作直接冶煉工廠時，由安全性觀點此乃一項重要特色，原 18 326\專利說明書(補件)\M-〇4\93139351 1373528 因在於當冶煉容器5堵塞或冶煉容器5為閒置操作之情況 下，此種特色允許此種材料容納於前處理單元、返回管線 17或轉移管線11。返回管線17也允許委任轉移管線11 及儲存手段61，以及測試轉移管線1 1及儲存手段61，而 無需操作冶煉容器5或將進料送至冶煉容器5。 圖2至圖4顯示圖1所示工廠佈局之一特例。 儲存手段6 1包括一系列可於加壓下儲存經預熱之鐵礦 碎屑之儲存容器21、23、25，以及供控制該經預熱之鐵礦 碎屑由該儲存手段6 1流入轉移管線1 1之流之螺桿輸送器 39 〇 圖2顯示預熱器3，直接冶煉容器5，及儲存手段61呈 三角形頂點之相對位置。 預熱器3包括一盤式輸送器71(圖3)，該盤式輸送器將 經預熱之鐵礦由該預熱器（較佳為循環流化床）轉移至儲存 容器9。 圖2也顯示轉移管線1 1之配置，轉移管線1 1係用於將 經預熱之鐵礦碎屑由該儲存手段6 1轉移至該直接冶煉容 器5之固體注入矛；以及也顯示返回管線17之配置，返回 管線1 7係用於將該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑送返該預熱器3。 熱含鐵進料轉移裝置7之储存手段6 1被分成9 a及9 b 兩組，一組係經由一轉移管線1 1而連結至一對固體注入矛 2 7，以及另一組係經由另一轉移管線1 1而連結至另一對固 體注入矛27 » 由圖3最明白顯示，各組9a、9b儲存手段61包括3個 19 326傳利說明書(補件)'\94-04\93139351 1373528 垂直校準之容器21、23、25。容器21為料斗，其設置用 來接收由該預熱器之盤式輸送器排放之該經預熱之鐵礦碎 屑，且經由分流器2 9將該經預熱之鐵礦碎眉供給入料斗上 端之入口。容器23及25分別為上閉鎖料斗及下閉鎖料斗， 料斗係配置來加壓儲存經預熱之鐵礦碎屑。 料斗2 1之出口係經由轉移管線3 1 a連結至上閉鎖料斗 2 3上端之個別入口 。上閉鎖料斗2 3之出口係經由轉移管 線3 1 b連結至下閉鎖料斗2 5之上端之個別入口。流經轉移 管線3 1 a、3 1 b之經預熱之鐵礦碎屑流係藉於管線之閥門 3 3a、3 3b 控制。 壓力平衡管線（圖中未顯示）也互連各組織上閉鎖料斗 2 3及下閉鎖料斗2 5。流經該壓力平衡管線之氣體係藉流量 控制閥（圖中未顯示）控制。 各組9a、9b儲存手段61也包括螺桿輸送器39之一， 下閉鎖料斗2 5之出口係經由一轉移管線41而連結至於該 螺桿輸送器3 9之一經預熱之鐵礦碎屑入口。 使用中，各組9 a、9 b儲存容器9内之一之填充順序包 括下列步驟： 下閉鎖料斗2 5關閉，開啟閥門3 3 a，允許經預熱之鐵礦 碎屑藉重力向下流動由料斗2 1，流入上閉鎖料斗2 3，且填 充該上閉鎖料斗23 : 當於上閉鎖料斗2 3之該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑達到預定高 度時，關閉閥門3 3 a，藉由氮氣來源1 3經由管線1 5所供 應之氮氣，加壓上閉鎖料斗23至與下閉鎖料斗25之壓力 20 3抓專利說明書(補件)\94-(M\9313935 ί 1373528 為相等壓力I典型為4巴絕對壓力； 當達到要求之壓力時，開啟閥門3 3 b以及於壓力平衡管 線（圖中未顯示）之介於上閉鎖料斗23至與下閉鎖料斗25 間之閥門，允許經預熱之鐵礦碎屑藉重力向下流動而由上 閉鎖料斗23饋入該下閉鎖料斗25 ;以及 當於該下閉鎖料斗2 5之經預熱之鐵礦碎屑達到預定高 度時，關閉該閥門33b。 於上閉鎖料斗2 3及下閉鎖料斗2 5之壓力典型係藉由氮 氣來源1 3經由管線1 5供應至氮氣，而維持於目標壓力， 典型為4巴絕對壓力（圖1及圖4)。 於前述填充順序期間，介於下閉鎖料斗2 5與螺桿輸送 器3 9間之管線4 1維持開放，以及經預熱之鐵礦碎屑由下 閉鎖料斗2 5連續向下流入螺桿輸送器3 9，且於一預定質 量流量速率沿該螺桿輸送器3 9轉運，以及經由出口管線 4 3供給轉移管線1 1，轉移管線係連結螺桿輸送器3 9至位 於該轉移管線1 1末端之該對固體注入矛2 7。 轉移管線11及返回管線17之配置由圖2及圖4最明白 可知。 參照附圖，如前文指示，熱含鐵進料轉移裝置7之儲存 手段6 1被分成9 a及9 b二組，一組係經由一轉移管線1 1 連結至一對固體注入矛2 7，而另一組係經由另一轉移管線 1 1連結至另一對固體注入矛2 7 »使用中，經預熱之鐵礦碎 屑係經由螺桿輸送器3 9供給轉移管線1 1之入口端4 5。加 壓而於周圍溫度之氮氣也由氮氣來源13經由管線47供給 21 326傳利說明書(補件)\94-〇4\93139351 1373528 轉移管線1 1之入口端4 5，且順著該轉移管線1 1拾取經預 熱之鐵礦碎屑，以及轉移該碎屑至固體注入矛27。 各轉移管線11於該直接冶煉容器5區分支成為二子分 支11a、lib，分支管線供給經預熱之鐵礦碎屑至於直徑方 向相對之該對固體注入矛27。 各轉移管線1 1之返回管線1 7係由該轉移管線1 1延伸 至該預熱器3。返回管線17包括適當定位之隔離閥A來控 制該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑流入返回管線1 7之流。 熱含鐵進料轉移裝置7也包括一種控制手段，用於控制 經預熱之鐵礦碎屑由該儲存手段6 1，沿該轉移管線1 1流 至固體注入矛27。 流量控制手段包括於氣體管線4 7之流量控制閥5 7，該 氣體管線47互連該氮氣來源13與該轉移管線11之入口端 4 5 ;以及包括一系列流量檢測器（圖中未顯示）位於管線1 1 之沿線以及位於固體注入矛27上。 選定氮氣流入轉移管線1 1之流速之驅動器之一係於管 線維持足夠速度，來將該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑懸浮於氣體， 且連同氣體一起攜帶該碎屑。較佳儘可能最小化流速，同 時確保流速足夠載運碎屑，原因在於隨著速度的增高，轉 移管線的磨耗增加。 用於選擇氮氣流入轉移管線1 1之流速之另一驅動器， 係用來以足夠速度輸送該經預熱之鐵礦碎屑，故將注入之 固體由固體注入矛27攜帶之直接冶煉容器5之氣體尖峰流 速係於7 0 - 1 2 0米/秒之範圍。 22 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 任一種指定情況下，供給轉移管線1 1之氮氣及經預熱 之鐵礦碎屑之實際流速為某個範圍變數之函數，該等變數 包括鐵礦碎屑之粒子尺寸分佈、氮氣及鐵礦碎屑溫度、及 氮氣之固體注入矛27之目標尖峰速度。於申請人所模型化 之一特定具體實施例中，氮氣之目標拾取速度為19米/ 秒，目標尖峰速度為1 1 2米/秒，各组9 a、9 b儲存手段6 1 供給1 2 3噸/小時（t p h )經預熱之鐵礦碎屑（於6 8 0 °C )給相 關轉移管線11，氮氣來源13供給於20 °C之3,100牛頓立 方米/小時氮氣給轉移管線1 1。 熱含鐵進料轉移裝置7也包括將轉移管線1 1去除堵塞 手段。 該去除堵塞手段包括一系列沿轉移管線1 1之縱向適當 設置之氮氣注入接頭5 5、一系列於轉移管線1 1適當定位 之隔離閥B、D及G、於管線43介於螺桿輸送器39與轉移 管線1 1間之隔離閥E、返回管線1 7、於轉移管線1 1之入 口端45之排放管線53、於返回管線17之隔離閥A、於接 近固體注入矛27之氮氣注入接頭55之隔離閥C、及於排 放管線5 3之隔離閥F。 氮氣注入接頭55及隔離閥A、B、D、E、F及G讓氮氣 可沿轉移管線1 1縱向方向選擇性供給不同位置，來選擇性 於轉移管線1 1之堵塞位置上游及/或下游，選擇性加壓管 線與將管線解除加壓。返回管線17及排放管線53由於去 除堵塞操作结果，可輔助鬆脫材料由轉移管線1 1的排放。 於轉移管線1 1之一之位置「X」有堵塞的情況下，使用 23 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 如下操作順序，經由加壓堵塞之管線上游，隨後將堵塞之 下游管線解除加壓，來去除管線的堵塞： 關閉閥E、F、B、A及G ; 開啟於氮氣注入接頭55接近固體注入矛27之閥C，提 供來氮氣掃除通過矛27而維持矛27内部的正壓； 開啟於轉移管線11入口端之閥D，藉此允許來自氮氣來 源1 3之氮氣於堵塞X上游累積壓力； 開啟於返回管線1 7之閥A，藉此突然降低於堵塞X下游 之轉移管線1 1壓力，其目的係將堵塞鬆脫，及將鬆脫後材 料沿該返回管線1 7轉移；以及 隨後將閥復置為正常操作設定，以恢復經預熱之鐵礦碎 屑之供應該固體注入矛27。 可重複前述步驟順序》 操作時，閥C可於閥E、F、B、A及G之任一閥關閉前 先開啟。如此提供連續氣體流經矛，而與任一閥之位置獨 立無關。閥Η可用作為閥A之替代品。 於轉移管線1 1之一之位置「X」有堵塞的情況下，使用 如下操作順序，經由加壓堵塞之管線上游，隨後將堵塞之 下游管線解除加壓，來去除管線的堵塞： 關閉閥B、A、F、D及E ; 開啟於氮氣注入接頭5 5接近固體注入矛2 7之閥C，提 供來氮氣掃除通過矛27而維持矛27内部的正壓； 開啟於分支管線1 1 a、1 1 b之閥G，藉此允許氮氣積聚於 堵塞X下游之壓力； 24 326傳利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 開啟於排放管線5 3之閥F，藉此突然降低於堵塞X下游 之轉移管線壓力，其目的係將堵塞鬆脫，以及將鬆脫後材 料沿該排放管線53轉移；以及 隨後將閥復置為正常操作設定，來恢復經預熱之鐵礦碎 屑之供應該固體注入矛27。 可重複前述步驟順序。 於前述二操作順序中，關鍵特色為將堵塞上游及下游之 轉移管線11之各區段加壓與解除加壓。 前述工廠可供給熱含鐵進料至直接冶煉容器用於冶煉 過程之各不同階段之各不同操作條件，包括出乎意外之擾 動。其可處理-一種情況，其中需共同中止供給熱含鐵進料 至該直接冶煉容器。此外，該裝置可於長期冶煉操作中可 靠地操作，此要求之關鍵要項為可將熱含鐵進料之轉移管 線去除堵塞，而無需人工介入管線或工廠停機β 在未悖離本發明之精髓及範圍下，可對前文說明之發明 具體例做出多項修改。 【圖式簡單說明】 後文將參照附圖說明本發明具體例之進一步細節，附圖 者： 圖1為流程圖，顯示根據本發明之一具體例，以簡明術 語說明一直接冶煉工廠之主要組件； 圖2係圖1所示工廠之一特定具體例，顯示該等主要組 件，亦即前處理單元（呈預熱器形式）、直接冶煉容器及熱 含鐵進料轉移裝置之所在位置： 25 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 圖3係為構成圖2所示熱含鐵進料轉移裝置一部分之閉 鎖料斗及螺桿輸送器之側視圖；以及 圖4以略圖形式顯示構成圖2所示熱含鐵進料轉移裝置 一部分之下閉鎖料斗、螺桿輸送器、轉移管線及返回管線。 【主要元件符號說明】 3 預熱器 5 直接冶煉容器 7 熱含鐵進料轉移裝置 9 儲存容器 9 a - b 組 11 熱進料轉移管線 1 1 a - b子分支 13 II氣來源 15 氮氣管線 17 返回管線 21 料斗 23 上閉鎖料斗 25 下閉鎖料斗 27 矛 2 9 分流器 3 1 a - b轉移管線 3 3 a - b 閥 39 螺桿輸送器 41 轉移管線 26 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-04\93139351 1373528 43 出 σ 管 線 45 入 D 端 47 管 線 53 排 放 管 線 55 氮 氣 注 入 接 頭 6 1 执 # »·、 進 料 儲 存 手段 A - G 隔 離 閥 326\專利說明書(補件)\94-〇4\93139351 271373528 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a direct smelting plant and a direct smelting process for producing molten metal from a metal-containing feed such as ore, partially reduced ore and a metal-containing waste stream. The term "smelting" is used herein to mean a heat treatment in which a chemical reaction to reduce a metal-containing feed is carried out to produce a molten metal. Briefly stated, the present invention is directed to a direct smelting plant comprising a direct smelting vessel for smelting a metalliferous feed to a metal; a pretreatment unit for pretreatment of the metalliferous feed, and having a temperature of at least 200. (: the pretreated metal-containing feed is smelted in the vessel; and a metal-containing feed transfer means for storing the pretreated metal-containing feed having a temperature of at least 200 ° C and transferring the heat Pretreatment of the metal-containing feed, and solids delivery means for feeding to the direct smelting vessel at a temperature of at least 200 ° C under pressure. Briefly, the present invention is also directed to a direct smelting plant, comprising a metal Direct smelting process for the production of molten metal. The invention relates in particular, but by no means exclusively, to a metal-containing feed in the form of an iron-containing feed, such as iron ore sulphur. [Prior Art] A known primary relies on melting The direct smelting method for producing molten metal by using the bath as a reaction medium is generally referred to as a smelting process (Hlsmelt process), and is described in the international patent application PCT/AU96/00197 (WO 9 6 / 3 1 6 2 7 ) and others. Patent application, for example, the application of the Australian 6 326\patent specification (supplement)\94-04\93139351 1373528 Temporary application 2 Ο Ο 3 9 Ο 1 6 9 3 (its focus is on iron ore Debris The applicant is Ding 6.1111〇1〇£1.311?650111_.65?zhang7· Limited. The blast furnace smelting process (Hlsmelt process) includes the following steps: (a) forming a molten metal and melting in a direct smelting vessel The slag bath (b) is injected into the bath: (i) a metal-containing feed, typically a metal oxide; and (ii) a solid carbonaceous material, typically coal, which acts as a metal-containing reducing agent and a source of energy; And (c) smelting the metal-containing feed to the metal in the bath. In the blast furnace smelting method, the metal-containing feed and the solid carbonaceous material are solid transport means and injected into the molten bath, and the solid transport means is a spear type Tilting in a vertical direction, thus extending downwardly inwardly through the side wall of the straightening vessel and extending into the lower region of the vessel, thereby transporting at least part of the material to the metal layer at the bottom of the vessel. The blast furnace smelting process allows direct smelting via a single streamlined vessel, A large amount of smelting metal is produced. The blast furnace smelting method is particularly suitable for the smelting of iron ore in the form of flakes. The possibility of operating the blast furnace smelting method and other direct smelting methods based on molten bath The factory assembly type includes a pre-treatment unit for pre-heating the metal-containing feed prior to supplying the metal-containing feed to the direct smelting vessel. The pretreatment may be limited to preheating the metal-containing feed. Reducing the solid feed. Further exemplification, 326\patent specification (supplement)\94-04\93139351 7 manufacturing the feed through the shape of the solid to make the iron side, which should be included in the front of the 1373528 can include roasting The present invention provides an efficient and reliable plant for pre-treating a metal-containing feed during a direct smelting process, and for producing a pre-treated feed at a temperature of at least 200 ° C, and for pre-treatment of heat transfer. A solid transport means comprising a metal feed to a direct smelting vessel. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In summary, the present invention provides a direct smelting plant for producing molten metal (e.g., molten iron) from a metal-containing feed (e.g., iron ore scrap), including: (a) - pretreatment a unit for pre-treating a metal-containing feed and for producing a pre-treated feed having a temperature of at least 200 ° C; (b) a direct smelting vessel for smelting the pretreated metal-containing feed The material is molten metal, the container is suitable for a molten bath containing metal and slag, the container comprises a solid conveying means for receiving pre-treated metal containing at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of at least 200 ° C Feeding, and subsequently supplying the feed to the vessel; (c) a hot feed transfer means for transferring the pretreated metalliferous feed from the pretreatment unit to the solid of the direct smelting vessel The means of transport comprising: (i) a hot feed storage means for pre-treating the metal-containing feed at a pressure of at least 200 ° C and above atmospheric pressure; (ii) Hot feed transfer line, A solids conveying means for transferring the pretreated metal-containing feed to the direct smelting vessel under a pressure of at least 200 ° C; 8 326 \ patent specification (supplement) \94-04\93139351 1373528 (iii) a pressurizing means for supplying gas to the hot feed storage means at a pressure above atmospheric pressure for pressurizing the storage means; and supplying a pressure above atmospheric pressure to the hot feed transfer line, The transfer line is pressurized and used as a carrier gas to transport the pretreated metal-containing feed along the transfer line to the solids delivery means. Preferably, the pretreatment unit is selected from the group consisting of a preheater, a prereactor, and a calciner. In use, the pre-reductor and the calciner heat the pretreated metal-containing feed as part of a standard operation to perform its primary function of pre-reduction and calcination of the pretreated metal-containing feed. Preferably, the plant further includes a hot feed transfer means for transferring the pretreated metalliferous feed from the pretreatment unit to the hot feed transfer means. Preferably, the hot feed transfer means comprises a tray conveyor. Preferably, the pretreated metal-containing feed is an iron-containing feed and the molten bath contains molten iron. The iron-containing feed may comprise any reduction grade of iron between 0 and 100%, preferably iron having a reduction grade of 8% to 95%, and may contain other components such as carbon. Preferably, the iron-containing feed is in the form of iron ore chips. Usually the maximum size of iron ore debris is between 4 mm and 8 mm. Preferably, at least 30% of the iron ore chips have a particle size of less than 0,5 mm, and the d_50 diameter is at 0. 8 mm to 1 . Between 0 mm, it has a wide particle size distribution. Thus, for example, 9 5 % of the particles have a particle size of less than 6. 3 mm. Preferably, the pressure of the hot feed storage means is at least 3 bar (b a r ) absolute, more preferably at least 4 bar absolute. 9 326\Patent Specification (Repair)\94-04\93139351 1373528 Preferably, the hot feed transfer line is pressurized by the pretreated metal containing material into the region where the hot feed storage means is introduced into the transfer line Less than 3 bar absolute pressure, more preferably at least 4 bar absolute pressure. Preferably, the solid transport means is a solid injection means for injecting the direct smelting capacity with the pretreated metal-containing feed under pressure. Preferably, the solid transport means is a gold for pretreatment. A solid injection means for injecting the feed into the molten bath. Preferably, the solid injection means is a spear. Preferably, the hot feed transfer means includes a control means for controlling the flow of the pretreated metal feed to the hot feed transfer line by the hot feed storage means. Preferably, the storage flow control means is a supply means for the pretreated metal-containing feed to the hot feed line at a predetermined mass flow rate. Preferably, the storage flow control means is a screw conveyor having a pretreated metal containing feed inlet, an air inlet, and a pretreated metal feed outlet coupled to the hot feed transfer line. Preferably, the hot feed storage means comprises (a) an upper lock hopper, a pre-treated metal-containing feed inlet, a pressurization hopper hopper port, and a pretreated metal-containing feed outlet; b) - a lower closed bucket having a pretreated metal containing feed inlet, an inlet for pressurizing the hopper, and a pretreated metal containing feed outlet interconnecting the upper lock hopper outlet With the lower lock hopper inlet. Preferably, the hot feed storage means further comprises a line interconnecting the lower 326\patent specification (supplement)\94-04\93 D9351 10 by force to the actuator. The system consists of a supply pipe, including a "carrying block" (c) closing 1373528 lock hopper outlet and a feed inlet of the screw conveyor. Preferably, the hot feed transfer means also includes a control means. It is controlled to flow along the hot feed transfer line, and the hot feed storage means flows to the solid. The pretreated metal-containing feed stream of the bulk transport means. Preferably, the transfer line flow control means is operable to control the rate at which the pretreated metal-containing feed is maintained along the hot feed transfer line to maintain the pretreated metal-containing feed suspended in the transfer line carrier gas. Preferably, the transfer line flow control means controls the flow of the carrier gas stream into the hot feed transfer line and controls the flow of the pretreated metal-containing feed along the hot feed transfer line. When the metal-containing feed is iron ore scrap, it has a maximum size in the range of 4-8 mm, and is pretreated to thereby reach a temperature of up to 680 ° C or even up to 890 ° C, and Preferably, the carrier is at least substantially nitrogen and is fed to the transfer line at ambient temperature. Preferably, the carrier gas delivers the pretreated metal-containing feed to the transfer line at a rate of at least 19 meters per second. Preferably, the flow control means is operable to control the flow of the pretreated metal-containing feed along the hot feed transfer line and to deliver the pretreated metal-containing feed to the solids transfer means, thus the solid transport means The carrier gas and the pretreated metal-containing feed can be transferred to the direct smelting vessel at a predetermined rate. Preferably, the predetermined velocity of the carrier gas is in the range of 70 to 120 m/sec. More preferably, the predetermined speed of the carrier gas is 1 12 m/sec. Preferably, the solid transport means has a pressure drop of about 1 bar. Preferably, the carrier gas comprises at least substantially an inert gas. 11 326\Patent Specification (Repair)\94-04\93139351 1373528 Preferably, the inert body is nitrogen. Preferably, the hot feed transfer means comprises a return means, which is used. The pretreated metal containing feed is returned to the pretreatment unit. Preferably, the means for returning the hot pretreated metalliferous feed to the preceding zone is suitable for the pretreated metal containing feed when the direct smelting vessel is operated on standby. Preferably, the means for returning the hot pretreated metalliferous feed to the preceding unit comprises (a) a return transfer line interconnecting the hot feed line and the pretreatment unit; and (b) a wide door of a pipeline operable to allow a pretreated feed flowing along the hot feed transfer line to be returned to the pretreatment unit via the return transfer line. Preferably, the hot feed transfer means comprises a removal A clogging means that blocks the hot feed transfer line without manual intervention of the tube to close the direct smelting vessel. Preferably, the means for removing the blockage of the hot feed transfer line includes a plurality of means for selectively pressurizing the hot feed line at a series of positions along the longitudinal direction of the line, so that the line can be selectively pressurized upstream of the blocked position of the line. With lifting the pressure. Preferably, the means for removing clogging of the hot feed transfer line comprises a re-discharge line for discharging the released material at a blockage in the longitudinal direction of the line and at the blockage of the feed transfer line. Preferably, the return transfer line is such a discharge line. Preferably, the means for removing the clogging of the hot feed transfer line comprises a multi-detector for detecting the clogging position of the hot feed transfer line 326\patent specification (supplement)\94-04\931393 51 12 The single order and no need to transfer the selective metal-containing lanthanum supply line, or the material transfer L / or the lower number of the direct smelting container by the hot test 1373528 is a fixed smelting container a molten bath containing metal and slag, and a gas space above the bath, and the solid transport means comprises two or more pairs of solid injection spears arranged around the container and extending into the container, each pair of spears The two spears are diametrically opposed to each other, wherein at least one pair of spears are provided for injecting the pretreated metal-containing feed, and wherein at least one pair of spears of each pair of spears are provided for injecting solid carbonaceous material, and each The spears are placed around the container so that the adjacent spears are provided with spears for injecting different materials. Preferably, the direct smelting vessel includes a gas injection means extending downwardly into the vessel to inject oxygen-containing gas into the gas space and/or bath within the vessel. Preferably, the direct smelting vessel includes a gas delivery conduit means extending from a gas supply location remote from the vessel to a delivery location above the vessel for delivering the oxygen containing gas to the gas injection means. Preferably, the direct smelting vessel includes an exhaust conduit means for assisting the flow of exhaust gases from the vessel away from the vessel. Preferably, the direct smelting vessel includes a metal tapping means for tapping the molten metal from the bath and transporting the molten metal away from the vessel. Preferably, the direct smelting vessel includes a slag tapping means for separating the refinery from the bath and transporting the fleece away from the vessel. Preferably, the solid injection spear is configured to extend downwardly and inwardly into the interior of the container through an opening in the side wall of the container. Preferably, the spear openings of the side walls of the container are at the same height of the container and are equally spaced around the circumference of the container. According to the present invention, there is also provided a direct smelting method, the direct smelting party 13 326\patent specification (supplement)\94-04\93139351 1373528 method for producing molten metal from a metal-containing feed (for example, iron ore scrap) , comprising the steps of: (a) pre-treating the metal-containing feed in the pre-treatment unit, and producing a pre-treated feed having a temperature of at least 200 ° C; (b) in the hot feed storage means Pre-treating the pre-treated metal-containing feed having a temperature of at least 200 ° C; (c) transferring the pre-treated metal having a temperature of at least 200 ° C under pressure to the hot feed transfer line A solids delivery means for feeding to a direct smelting vessel, (d) delivering the pretreated metalliferous feed to the direct smelting vessel, and smelting the metalliferous feed to the molten metal in the vessel. Preferably, the method includes returning the pretreated metalliferous feed to the pretreatment unit when the direct smelting vessel is in standby operation 1 and does not require pretreated metalliferous feed. Preferably, in response to the clogging of the hot feed transfer line, the method includes selectively depressurizing the hot feed transfer line via the upstream and/or downstream of the line blockage to remove the hot feed transfer line. Blocking without the need to manually intervene in the line or shut down the direct smelting vessel. Preferably, the method comprises selectively pressurizing the hot feed transfer line upstream or downstream of the line blockage, and subsequently depressurizing the line on a different side of the press side to remove the hot feed Blockage of the transfer line. Preferably the method comprises suddenly depressurizing the line. Preferably, the method includes repeating the sequence of pressurizing the tubing and relieving the tubing on opposite sides of the plug. 326\Patent Specification (Refill)\94-04\93139351 14 1373528 Particularly when the metal-containing feed is a ferrous material, preferably step (a) comprises pre-treating the feed by preheating the feed to The temperature is at least 4 0 ° C, more preferably at least 60 ° C, and even more preferably at least 80 ° C. Preferably, the temperature is at least 850 °C. More preferably, the temperature is in the range of 850 ° C - 89 ° C. Preferably step (b) includes storing the pretreated metal-containing feed to the hot feed storage means under pressure via supply of pressurized gas to the hot feed storage means. Preferably, the pressurized gas contains at least substantially an inert gas. Preferably step (c) comprises transferring a pretreated metal-containing feed along the line via a supply of carrier gas to the hot feed transfer line, and transferring the pretreated product to the hot feed transfer line under pressure. Contains metal feed. Preferably, the carrier gas comprises at least substantially an inert gas. Preferably, the carrier gas is supplied to the hot feed transfer line at a temperature of from 0 °C to 4500 °C and more preferably at ambient temperature. Preferably step (c) includes controlling the pretreated metal-containing feed along the hot feed transfer line to maintain the rate at which the hot metal-containing feed is suspended in the transfer line. Preferably step (c) includes controlling the flow of the carrier gas along the hot feed transfer line and controlling the flow of the pretreated metal-containing feed along the hot feed transfer line. When the metal-containing feed is iron ore scrap, it has a maximum size in the range of 4-8 mm, and is pretreated to reach a temperature of 680 ° C or even up to 890 ° C, and the load The agent is at least substantially nitrogen, and is supplied to the transfer line at ambient temperature for 15 326\patent specification (supplement)\94-04\93139351 1373528, preferably at a carrier gas velocity of at least 1 9 m/sec. . Preferably step (d) comprises delivering the pretreated metalliferous feed to the direct smelting vessel at a pressure above atmospheric pressure. Preferably, step (d) comprises delivering the pretreated metal-containing feed to a temperature above 200 ° C, more preferably above 70 ° C, and more preferably above 600 ° C. Direct smelting of containers. Preferably, the solid transport means is a solid injection spear; and step (d) comprises injecting the pretreated metal-containing feed via the solid injection spear at a carrier gas velocity in the range of 70-120 m/sec, The pretreated metal-containing feed is conveyed to the direct smelting vessel. [Embodiment] The description of the preferred embodiment of the direct smelting plant and the direct smelting method according to the present invention is related to the content of the smelting iron ore scrap. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to iron-containing materials of this type, and the present invention can be extended to other forms of ferrous materials, and is not limited to the ferrous materials themselves, but can be extended to generally metal-containing feeds. Referring to Figure 1, with respect to this specific example, the main components of the direct smelting plant include: (a) a pre-treatment unit in the form of a preheater 3 for preheating the iron-containing feed in the form of iron ore debris; b) a direct smelting vessel 5 for smelting the preheated iron ore crumb into molten iron; and (c) a hot iron containing feed transfer device (generally designated by the symbol 7), which is used 326 \Patent Specification (Repair)\94-04\93139351 i6 1373528 The solid injection spear for storing the preheated iron ore debris and transferring the debris to the direct smelting vessel under pressure. The preheater 3 can be any suitable preheater, such as a blast furnace or a circulating fluidized bed, preheating iron ore debris, typically to a temperature of about 680 ° C or even about 880 ° C. The direct smelting vessel 5 can be any suitable vessel for performing a direct smelting process (e.g., the blast furnace smelting process described above). The Australian Provisional Patent Application No. 2 0 0 3 0 0 1 6 9 3 filed by the Applicant includes a schematic description of the blast furnace smelting container, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In terms of basic terms, the blast furnace smelting vessel described in the Australian Provisional Patent Application No. 2 0 0 3 0 0 1 6 9 3 includes a hearth comprising a bottom portion and a side portion made of refractory bricks, and the side walls are formed in a rough manner. a cylindrical cylinder extending upward from a side of the hearth, the side wall including an upper cylinder section and a lower cylinder section formed by a water-cooled panel, a top, an exhaust gas outlet, and a hearth for the continuous discharge of molten metal. And a tap hole for discharging the molten slag. In use, the container contains a molten bath of iron and slag, the molten bath comprising a layer of molten metal, and a layer of molten blast on the metal layer. The container is fitted with a downwardly extending gas injection spear for delivering hot air jets into the upper region of the container. The gas injection spear receives oxygen-enriched hot air flowing through the conduit via a hot gas delivery conduit that extends from a hot gas supply station at a distance from the reduction vessel. The container is also equipped with 8 solid injection spears which extend downwardly and inwardly into the slag layer of the molten bath through the side wall for carrying the sputum to a hypoxic load 17 326\patent specification (supplement)\ 94-04\93139351 1373528 The preheated iron ore scrap, solid carbonaceous material, and flux are injected into the metal layer. The position of the solid injection spear is selected such that during the operation of the method, the exit end of the spear is higher than the surface of the metal layer. The location of such solids injected into the spear reduces the risk of damage from spear contact with the molten metal, and can also be used to cool the spear by forced internal water cooling without the risk of significant water contact with the molten metal of the container. The solid injection spear is divided into two groups of four spears, one set of spears receiving preheated hot iron ore debris, and the other set of spears (not shown) receiving coal during smelting operations and Flux (received via a carbonaceous material/flux injection system (not shown)). Two sets of spears are staggered around the circumference of the container. The spear that receives the preheated hot iron ore debris is indicated by symbol 27 in Figure 4. The hot iron-containing feed transfer device 7 comprises: (a) a hot feed storage means for storing the preheated iron ore scrap under pressure, generally indicated by the symbol 61; (b) - series of heat ingress Material transfer line 1 1 (the flow chart of Figure 1 shows only one of the lines) for transferring the preheated iron ore scrap under pressure from the storage means 61 to the solid injection spear; (c) a nitrogen source 13 and a nitrogen line 15 for supplying nitrogen to pressurize the storage means 161 and transporting the preheated iron ore debris along the transfer line 11: and (d) - returning Line 17 is used to feed the preheated iron ore scrap back to the preheater 3 when the direct smelting vessel 5 is isolated but does not require any iron ore debris, when preheating the feed or When other forms of pre-treatment feeding operations are directly smelting the plant, this is an important feature from the viewpoint of safety. The original 18 326\patent specification (supplement)\M-〇4\93139351 1373528 is caused by the smelting container 5 being clogged. Or the smelting container 5 is in an idle operation, this feature allows the material to be accommodated in the pre-processing unit, Transfer line 17 or line 11. The return line 17 also allows the transfer line 11 and storage means 61 to be commissioned, as well as the test transfer line 1 1 and storage means 61 without the need to operate the smelting vessel 5 or to feed the feed to the smelting vessel 5. 2 to 4 show a special example of the factory layout shown in Fig. 1. The storage means 61 includes a series of storage containers 21, 23, 25 for storing the preheated iron ore debris under pressure, and for controlling the preheated iron ore debris to flow from the storage means 61 The screw conveyor 39 of the line 1 1 shows that the preheater 3, the direct smelting vessel 5, and the storage means 61 have the relative positions of the vertices of the triangle. The preheater 3 includes a disc conveyor 71 (Fig. 3) which transfers the preheated iron ore from the preheater (preferably a circulating fluidized bed) to the storage vessel 9. Figure 2 also shows the configuration of the transfer line 1 1 for transferring the preheated iron ore scrap from the storage means 61 to the solid injection spear of the direct smelting vessel 5; and also showing the return line In the configuration of 17, the return line 17 is used to return the preheated iron ore scrap to the preheater 3. The storage means 6 1 of the hot iron-containing feed transfer device 7 is divided into two groups of 9 a and 9 b, one set is connected to a pair of solid injection spears 2 7 via a transfer line 11 and the other group is passed through another One transfer line 1 1 is coupled to another pair of solid injection spears 27 » As best seen in Figure 3, each set of 9a, 9b storage means 61 includes three 19 326 patent instructions (supplements) '\94-04\93139351 1373528 Vertically calibrated containers 21, 23, 25. The container 21 is a hopper arranged to receive the preheated iron ore debris discharged from the disc conveyor of the preheater, and the preheated iron ore crushing eyebrow is supplied via the flow divider 29. The entrance to the upper end of the hopper. The containers 23 and 25 are an upper lock hopper and a lower lock hopper, respectively, and the hopper is configured to pressurize and store the preheated iron ore debris. The outlet of the hopper 2 1 is connected to the individual inlets at the upper end of the upper lock hopper 2 3 via a transfer line 3 1 a . The outlet of the upper lock hopper 2 3 is connected to the individual inlets at the upper end of the lower lock hopper 2 via a transfer line 3 1 b. The preheated iron ore debris flow through the transfer line 3 1 a, 3 1 b is controlled by the valves 3 3a, 3 3b of the line. A pressure equalization line (not shown) also interconnects the interlocking hopper 2 3 and the lower lock hopper 25 on each tissue. The gas system flowing through the pressure equalization line is controlled by a flow control valve (not shown). Each set 9a, 9b storage means 61 also includes one of the screw conveyors 39, and the outlet of the lower lock hopper 25 is coupled via a transfer line 41 to a preheated iron ore debris inlet of the screw conveyor 39. In use, the filling sequence of one of the groups 9 a, 9 b of the storage container 9 comprises the following steps: the lower locking hopper 2 5 is closed, the valve 3 3 a is opened, and the preheated iron ore debris is allowed to flow downward by gravity From the hopper 2 1, into the upper lock hopper 2 3, and filling the upper lock hopper 23: when the preheated iron ore debris of the upper lock hopper 2 3 reaches a predetermined height, the valve 3 3 a is closed by The nitrogen source 13 is pressurized by the nitrogen supplied from the pipeline 15 to pressurize the lock hopper 23 to the pressure of the lower lock hopper 25 to catch the patent specification (supplement)\94-(M\9313935 ί 1373528 is equal pressure I typical 4 bar absolute pressure; when the required pressure is reached, the valve 3 3 b and the pressure balance line (not shown) between the upper lock hopper 23 and the lower lock hopper 25 are allowed to preheat The iron ore scrap flows downward by gravity and is fed into the lower lock hopper 25 by the upper lock hopper 23; and when the preheated iron ore debris of the lower lock hopper 25 reaches a predetermined height, the valve is closed 33b. Pressure on the upper lock hopper 2 3 and the lower lock hopper 2 5 The pattern is supplied to the target nitrogen pressure via a nitrogen source 13 via line 15 and is maintained at a target pressure, typically 4 bar absolute (Figures 1 and 4). During the aforementioned filling sequence, the lower lock hopper 25 is The line 4 1 between the screw conveyors 39 remains open, and the preheated iron ore debris flows continuously downward from the lower lock hopper 25 into the screw conveyor 3 9, along the screw conveyor at a predetermined mass flow rate. 3 9 transfer, and supply to the transfer line 1 via the outlet line 43, the transfer line is connected to the screw conveyor 39 to the pair of solid injection spears 27 at the end of the transfer line 11. The transfer line 11 and the return line 17 The configuration is best understood from Figures 2 and 4. Referring to the drawings, as previously indicated, the storage means 6 1 of the hot-iron-containing feed transfer device 7 is divided into two groups of 9 a and 9 b, one via a transfer line 1 1 is connected to a pair of solid injection spears 2 7 and the other group is connected via another transfer line 1 1 to another pair of solid injection spears 2 7 » In use, the preheated iron ore debris is passed through a screw conveyor 3 9 is supplied to the inlet end 4 of the transfer line 1 1 . Nitrogen at ambient temperature is also supplied by nitrogen source 13 via line 47. 21 326. (In addition) \94-〇4\93139351 1373528 Transfer line 1 1 inlet end 4 5 and pick up along the transfer line 1 1 The preheated iron ore debris, and the transfer of the debris to the solid injection spear 27. Each transfer line 11 branches into the two sub-branches 11a, lib in the direct smelting container 5 area, and the branch line supplies the preheated iron ore debris The pair of solid injection spears 27 are diametrically opposed to each other. The return line 17 of each transfer line 11 extends from the transfer line 1 1 to the preheater 3. Return line 17 includes a suitably positioned isolation valve A to control the flow of preheated iron ore debris into return line 17. The hot iron-containing feed transfer unit 7 also includes a control means for controlling the preheated iron ore debris to flow from the transfer means 1 1 to the solid injection spear 27 from the storage means 61. The flow control means is included in the flow control valve 517 of the gas line 47, the gas line 47 interconnects the nitrogen source 13 and the inlet end 4 of the transfer line 11; and includes a series of flow detectors (not shown) Located along line 1 1 and on solid injection spear 27. One of the actuators that selects the flow rate of nitrogen into the transfer line 11 is maintained at a sufficient speed to suspend the preheated iron ore debris in the gas and carry the debris along with the gas. It is preferred to minimize the flow rate as much as possible while ensuring that the flow rate is sufficient to carry debris, as the wear of the transfer line increases as the speed increases. Another actuator for selecting the flow rate of nitrogen into the transfer line 11 is used to deliver the preheated iron ore scrap at a sufficient speed so that the injected solids are injected into the direct smelting vessel 5 carried by the solids into the spear 27 The gas peak flow rate is in the range of 70-120 m/s. 22 326\Patent specification (supplement)\94-04\93139351 1373528 In any given case, the actual flow rate of the nitrogen supplied to the transfer line 1 1 and the preheated iron ore debris is a function of a range variable The isomorphs include the particle size distribution of iron ore debris, the nitrogen and iron ore debris temperatures, and the target spike speed of the solids injected into the spear 27 of nitrogen. In a specific embodiment of the applicant's modeling, the target picking speed of nitrogen is 19 m/s, the target peak speed is 1 12 m/sec, and each group 9 a, 9 b storage means 6 1 is supplied to 1 2 3 tons / hour (tph) preheated iron ore scrap (at 680 ° C) to the relevant transfer line 11, nitrogen source 13 is supplied to 3,100 Newton cubic meters / hour of nitrogen to the transfer line 1 1 at 20 °C . The hot ferrous feed transfer unit 7 also includes means for removing the clogging of the transfer line 11. The clogging means comprises a series of nitrogen injection fittings 5 5 suitably disposed in the longitudinal direction of the transfer line 11 , a series of isolation valves B, D and G suitably positioned in the transfer line 1 1 , and a line 43 in the screw conveyor 39 . The isolation valve E between the transfer line 11 and the return line 17 , the discharge line 53 at the inlet end 45 of the transfer line 11 , the isolation valve A at the return line 17 , and the nitrogen injection joint 55 near the solid injection spear 27 The isolation valve C and the isolation valve F of the discharge line 53. The nitrogen injection joint 55 and the isolation valves A, B, D, E, F and G allow nitrogen to be selectively supplied to different positions along the longitudinal direction of the transfer line 1 1 to be selective upstream and/or downstream of the plugging position of the transfer line 11. Selectively pressurize the line and depressurize the line. The return line 17 and the discharge line 53 assist in the discharge of the release material from the transfer line 11 by removing the result of the clogging operation. In the case where the position "X" of one of the transfer lines 1 1 is clogged, use 23 326\Patent Specification (supplement)\94-04\93139351 1373528 in the following sequence of operations, upstream via the line of pressure blockage, and then blocked The downstream pipeline is depressurized to remove the blockage of the pipeline: the valves E, F, B, A and G are closed; the nitrogen injection joint 55 is opened close to the valve C of the solid injection spear 27, and the nitrogen purge is provided to maintain the spear through the spear 27 27 internal positive pressure; open to the valve D at the inlet end of the transfer line 11, thereby allowing nitrogen from the nitrogen source 13 to accumulate pressure upstream of the blockage X; opening to the valve A of the return line 17 to thereby suddenly drop to blockage The downstream transfer line 1 1 pressure, the purpose of which is to loosen the blockage and transfer the released material along the return line 17; and then reset the valve to a normal operating setting to restore the preheated iron ore The solids are injected into the spear 27 by the supply of debris. When the above sequence of steps can be repeated, valve C can be opened before any of valves E, F, B, A, and G are closed. This provides continuous gas flow through the spear regardless of the position of either valve. The valve cartridge can be used as a replacement for valve A. In the case where the position "X" of one of the transfer lines 1 1 is clogged, the following operation sequence is used to remove the blockage of the line by depressurizing the downstream line of the blockage via the pressurization blockage: closing the valve B , A, F, D, and E; open to the nitrogen injection joint 5 5 close to the solid injection spear 27 valve C, providing nitrogen to sweep through the spear 27 to maintain the positive pressure inside the spear 27; open to the branch line 1 1 a, 1 1 b valve G, thereby allowing nitrogen to accumulate in the pressure downstream of the blockage X; 24 326 profit transfer instructions (supplements) \94-04\93139351 1373528 open to the valve F of the discharge line 5 3, thereby suddenly lowering Blocking the transfer line pressure downstream of X, the purpose of which is to loosen the blockage and transfer the released material along the discharge line 53; and then reset the valve to a normal operating setting to restore the preheated iron ore debris The solid is injected into the spear 27. The foregoing sequence of steps can be repeated. In the foregoing two operational sequences, a key feature is to pressurize and depressurize the sections of the transfer line 11 that block the upstream and downstream. The aforementioned plants can supply hot iron feeds to direct smelting vessels for various operating conditions at various stages of the smelting process, including unexpected disturbances. It can be processed - a situation in which it is necessary to collectively suspend the supply of the hot iron-containing feed to the direct smelting vessel. In addition, the device can be reliably operated in long-term smelting operations. The key requirement of this requirement is that the transfer line of the hot iron-containing feed can be removed and plugged without manual intervention of the pipeline or the factory shutdown β without departing from the essence of the invention. And a plurality of modifications can be made to the specific examples of the invention described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Further details of a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a main example of a direct smelting plant in a simplified terminology according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a specific example of one of the plants shown in Figure 1, showing the main components, namely the pre-treatment unit (in the form of a preheater), the direct smelting vessel and the hot iron-containing feed transfer device: 25 326\Patent Specification (Repair)\94-04\93139351 1373528 Figure 3 is a side view of a lock hopper and a screw conveyor constituting a portion of the hot ferrous feed transfer device of Figure 2; and Figure 4 is in the form of a thumbnail The lock hopper, the screw conveyor, the transfer line, and the return line, which form part of the hot ferrous feed transfer unit shown in Figure 2, are shown. [Main component symbol description] 3 Preheater 5 Direct smelting container 7 Hot iron feed transfer device 9 Storage container 9 a - b Group 11 Hot feed transfer line 1 1 a - b sub branch 13 II gas source 15 Nitrogen line 17 return line 21 hopper 23 upper lock hopper 25 lower lock hopper 27 spear 2 9 splitter 3 1 a - b transfer line 3 3 a - b valve 39 screw conveyor 41 transfer line 26 326\patent specification (supplement)\94 -04\93139351 1373528 43 Out σ Line 45 into D end 47 Line 53 Discharge line 55 Nitrogen injection joint 6 1 Execution # »·, Feed storage means A - G Isolation valve 326\Patent specification (supplement)\94-〇 4\93139351 27