1361166 *1361166 *
I 六、發明說明： ^ 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種膨脹軸，特別是右 〜另關於一種高荷 ^ 重，且可自我調節兩側之蓋板的膨脹量之膨脹軸。 ' 【先前技術】 x • 胃知_難主要應用於固定各種岐捲筒，使得可 直接以該紙芯捲筒捲取鋼帶、鋁帶、不繡鋼帶或其他比重 •較高的原料。目前常見的膨脹軸以氣動式為主，如台灣專 利290521與美國專利US 6196494B1，其主要由外轴套 伸縮塊、伸縮機構組成，伸縮塊插在外軸套的安裝槽孔内 並可沿著安裝槽孔向外凸起或往内縮回，伸縮機構部分主 要是利用氣囊的膨脹，伸縮塊凸起固定捲筒。此類的膨脹 轴驅動的動力為氣動式，常用在相對較輕的負荷能捲取 的原物料重量有限，適合用來捲取塑膠或紙類等比重較輕 的原料’又該驅動動力的氣壓缸乃為單側固定施力，供能 •提供固定的膨脹推力。另外，中國專利CN 29〇521中亦揭 示出一種機械式的膨脹軸機構，其係靠輥輪與圓錐面作相 對運動而產生外徑的膨脹，但其輥輪與圓錐面的接觸面積 不大，無法承受較大重量的負荷，故此膨脹軸也只能適用 在較低負荷的應用。 【發明内容】 本發明欲解決的問題係提供一種高荷重、浮動液壓缸 式的膨服轴結構。 本發明解決上述問題之技術手段所提供之膨脹軸包 含：一外軸套、多數個蓋板及一伸縮機構。外軸套具有一 軸套表面及一内軸孔，並在沿軸向兩端之軸套表面上分別 設有一第一徑向槽組與一第二徑向槽組，該第一徑向槽組 與該第二徑向槽組分別具有複數個與該内轴孔相通之槽 孔。多數個蓋板分別設置於該些徑向槽孔。伸縮機構係浮 動地設置於該第一徑向槽組與該第二徑向槽組之間的該内 轴孔中’該伸縮機構係可供每一蓋板固定，並將該些蓋板 由軸心徑向向外推出，使該些蓋板凸出於該外轴套之該軸 套表面’或使該些蓋板收回該些槽孔内。 本發明之特點係在於本發明伸縮機構中所施的推可提 供膨服轴兩邊的蓋板不同的膨脹量，可依紙管材質與内徑 差異，自行調控膨脹量，並且兩邊的膨脹力量配置可趨於 平均，對紙管產生相對較佳的支撐效果。另外，本發明膨 脹轴所承受的負荷可由機構平均分攤，伸縮機構不易變 形’具有高剛性，而膨脹軸在高荷重與高速旋轉時紙管不 易鬆脫與滑動。 【實施方式】 茲配合圖式將本發明較佳實施例詳細說明如下。 本發明係用於固定在紙管或其他低成本的管材内，並 可支樓管壁’產生越的捲取板㈣料的能力，首先請參 照圖1所繪示的本發明實施例之立體分解圖、圖2所緣示 的本發明外軸套内部元件之立體組合圖、圖3料示^本 1361166 發明實施例組合後之俯視圖、圖4所繪示的關於圖3之前 》 視4-4移轉剖視圖，以及圖5所繪示的關於圖3之側視5-5 " 移轉剖視圖。本實施例中，膨脹軸係包括：外轴套10、蓋 板20以及伸縮機構30。外轴套10,具有一軸套表面11及 一内轴孔12，在沿轴向兩端之軸套表面11上分別設有一 第一徑向槽組111與一第二徑向槽組112,該第一徑向槽組 111與該第二徑向槽組112分別具有複數個槽孔1121與該 内轴孔12相通。該第一徑向槽組111及該第二徑向槽組112 ® 之該些槽孔（1111,1121 )係徑向等角分布於該外軸套之該 軸套表面。 多數個蓋板20，係分別設置於該第一徑向槽組111之 槽孔1111及該第二徑向槽組112之槽孔1121。每一蓋板表 面為一弧面，其彎曲弧度與該外轴套之該軸套表面相同， 每一蓋板表面具有一防滑結構，其可於表面直接開設多數 條溝槽，或應用表面處理技術直接成形高摩擦係數層，或 • 是以貼覆一高摩擦係數層來增加與紙管或其他管材内壁面 的摩擦力。 一伸縮機構30，係設置於該第一徑向槽組111與該第 二徑向槽組112之間的該内軸孔12中，該伸縮機構30係 可供每一蓋板20固定，並在該伸縮機構30伸展張時將該 些蓋板20由軸心徑向向外推出，使該些蓋板20凸出於該 外轴套10之該轴套表面11，在該伸縮機構30收縮時，使 該些蓋板20收回該外軸套10之該第一徑向槽組111與該 1361166 \ 第二徑向槽組112之該些槽孔（1111,1121)内。 ^ 上述實施例之伸縮機構30包括：伸縮機構包括：一第 一伸縮模組31設置於該第一徑向槽組ιη徑向内側部、一 第一伸縮模組32設置於該第二徑向槽組丨12徑向内側部及 一設置於該第一伸縮模組31與該第二伸縮模组32中間之 液壓缸33，該液壓紅33具有一紅體部331與一伸縮桿部 332，該缸體部331連接該第一伸縮模組η，該伸縮桿部 # 332樞設於該第二伸縮模組32。當然，該第一伸縮模組31 需至少具有一通孔314或者該第二伸縮模組32需至少具有 一通孔324，以供連接該液壓缸33之液壓管路333通過。 第伸縮模組31包括：一第一襯塊311組設於該第一 徑向槽組ill徑向内側部，第一襯塊311具有一中心軸孔 3U1、多數個徑向滑槽3112 (對應於每一槽孔位置） 及-外蓋3113 (軸向封閉該些徑向滑槽）；—第一滑塊組 312’具有對應於該些徑向滑槽3112之多數個滑塊仙， •每-滑塊3121具有__頂面31211、—肩部咖和一底部 31214，該頂面31211係供該蓋板2〇設置於其上該肩邱 3如凸出於該頂面312u訂方之相，並於該肩部 31212與該内轴孔12的壁面之間設置有—壓縮彈性元件 3咖，如㈣彈簀，該底部31214係形成一朝向該第二徑 向槽組U2方向傾斜之斜面；以及一第一推桿313，係依 序具有-軸桿部迎、一具有複數個斜面之斜錐部迎 及一座部3U3，該第-推桿313套於該第—襯塊3ιι之該 丄均166 i 中％、軸孔3111，該軸桿部3131穿套於該外蓋3113，該斜 錐部3132之每一斜面31321係頂抵於該第一滑塊組312之 ^ /腎塊3121的底部31214，該座部3133係設置於面對該 第一徑向槽組112之一側而連接該液壓缸33之該缸體部 ' 33卜 - 第一伸縮模組32包括：一第二襯塊321，組設於該第 , 二徑向槽組徑向内側部，該第二襯塊321具有一中心 轴孔3211、對應於每一槽孔1121位置的多數個徑向滑槽 擊 3212及軸向封閉該些徑向滑槽3212之一外蓋3213 ; 一第 二滑塊組322，具有對應於該些徑向滑槽3212之多數個滑 塊3221，母一 /骨塊3221具有一頂面32211、一肩部32212 和一底部32214，該頂面32211係供該蓋板2〇設置，該肩 部32212凸出於該頂面32211下方之外側，並於該肩部 32212與該内轴孔12壁面之間設置有—壓縮彈性元件 32213 ’該底部32214係形成一朝向該第一徑向槽組U1方 •向傾斜之斜面；以及一第二推桿323，係依序具有一軸桿 部3231、一具有複數個斜面32321之斜錐部3232及一座 部3233，該第二推桿323套於該第二襯塊321之該中心軸 孔3211’該軸桿部3231穿套於該外蓋3213,該斜錐部3232 之每一斜面.32321係頂抵於該第二滑塊組322之該滑塊 3221的該底部32214’該座部3233係設置於面對該第一徑 向槽組111之一侧而連接該液壓缸33之該伸縮桿部332。 上述實施例之該第一推桿313與該液壓缸33之連接及 7 1361166 /或該第二推桿323與該液壓缸33之連接係以一銷軸40連 i 接，形成一可相對作關節運動之連接狀態，有助於推抵應 力之平均分配。 請參閱圖6所繪示的圖4之膨脹狀態剖面示意圖，以 及圖7所繪示的圖5之膨脹狀態剖面示意圖。根據上述實 施例之結構，液壓缸33之伸縮桿部332伸張時，係可將該 第一伸縮模組31之第一推桿313軸向推出，該第一推桿 ^ 313斜面31321頂起第一滑塊組312之各個滑塊3121之底 部31214，各個滑塊3121由軸心徑向外張，即可使固設於 各個滑塊3121頂面31211之蓋板20凸出於外軸套10之軸 套表面11 ;同一時間，因液壓缸33並非固定於外軸套10 上，而是採用浮動於第一伸縮模組31與第二伸縮模組32 之間，故在推抵第一伸縮模組31的同時，亦會同時推抵第 二伸縮模組32之第二推桿323，同樣會將其蓋板20推出 外軸套10之軸套表面11，形成徑向膨脹；當液壓缸33之 • 伸縮桿部332收縮時，第一推桿313與第二推桿323同時 收回，此時第一滑塊組312之諸滑塊3121與第二滑塊組 322之諸滑塊3221則藉由該壓縮彈性元件31213、32213 徑向向軸心滑動，而使蓋板20縮回外轴套10之軸套表面 11 ° 本發明之特點係在於一般套設於膨軸的紙管製造材質 均勻度不一，内徑的大小也略有差異，本發明伸縮機構中 的液壓缸採浮動（非固定式）設計，故可提供膨脹軸兩邊的 8 1361166 蓋板不同的膨脹量，可依紙管材質與内徑差異，自行調控 'Λ i 膨脹量，且依據本發明的設計，其兩邊的膨脹力量配置可 ； 趨於平均，對紙管產生相對較佳的支撐效果。另外，本發 明膨脹軸所承受的負荷可由推桿、滑塊與襯塊平均分攤， 伸縮機構不易變形，結構設計具有高剛性，膨脹轴在高荷 重與高速旋轉時紙管不易鬆脫與滑動。又，本發明之動力 源為液壓缸，配合推桿斜面與滑塊底部斜面的應用，可提 供相對較大的膨脹力與承受高荷重的特點。 綜上所述，乃僅記載本發明為呈現解決問題所採用的 技術手段之實施方式或實施例而已，並非用來限定本發明 專利實施之範圍。即凡與本發明專利申請範圍文義相符， 或依本發明專利範圍所做的均等變化與修飾，皆為本發明 專利範圍所涵蓋。 【圖式簡單說明】 • 圖1繪示本發明實施例之立體分解圖； 圖2繪示本發明外軸套内部元件之立體組合圖； 圖3繪示本發明實施例組合後之俯視圖； 圖4繪示圖3之前視4-4移轉剖視圖； 圖5繪示圖3之側視5-5移轉剖視圖； 圖6繪示圖4之膨脹狀態剖面示意圖；以及 圖7繪示圖5之膨脹狀態剖面示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 外軸套 1361166I. Description of the invention: ^ [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to an expansion shaft, particularly a right-to-right, and a self-adjusting expansion axis of the expansion amount of the cover plates on both sides. . '[Prior Art] x • Stomach _ Difficulty is mainly used to fix various stencils, so that steel strips, aluminum strips, stainless steel strips or other materials with a higher specific gravity can be taken directly from the core roll. At present, the common expansion shaft is mainly pneumatic, such as Taiwan Patent No. 290521 and US Pat. No. 6,196,494 B1. It is mainly composed of an outer sleeve telescopic block and a telescopic mechanism. The telescopic block is inserted into the mounting slot of the outer sleeve and can be installed along the same. The slot is convex outward or retracted. The telescopic mechanism mainly utilizes the expansion of the airbag, and the telescopic block protrudes to fix the reel. The power of the expansion shaft driven by this type is pneumatic. The weight of the raw materials that can be taken up under relatively light load is limited. It is suitable for coiling raw materials with light weight such as plastic or paper. The cylinder is fixed on one side and energized to provide a fixed expansion thrust. In addition, the Chinese patent CN 29 521 521 also discloses a mechanical expansion shaft mechanism which relies on the relative movement of the roller and the conical surface to generate an expansion of the outer diameter, but the contact area between the roller and the conical surface is not large. It can't bear the load of large weight, so the expansion shaft can only be used in lower load applications. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high load, floating hydraulic cylinder type expansion shaft structure. The expansion shaft provided by the technical means for solving the above problems of the present invention comprises: an outer sleeve, a plurality of cover plates and a telescopic mechanism. The outer sleeve has a sleeve surface and an inner shaft hole, and a first radial groove group and a second radial groove group are respectively disposed on the shaft sleeve surfaces at the axial ends, and the first radial groove group And the second radial groove group respectively have a plurality of slots communicating with the inner shaft hole. A plurality of cover plates are respectively disposed in the radial slots. a telescopic mechanism is floatingly disposed in the inner shaft hole between the first radial groove group and the second radial groove group. The telescopic mechanism is fixed for each cover plate, and the cover plates are fixed by The shaft core is pushed outward radially so that the cover plates protrude from the sleeve surface of the outer sleeve or the cover plates are retracted into the slots. The invention is characterized in that the push applied in the telescopic mechanism of the invention can provide different expansion amounts of the cover plates on both sides of the expansion shaft, and the expansion amount can be self-regulated according to the difference between the material and the inner diameter of the paper tube, and the expansion force arrangement on both sides It tends to average and produces a relatively better support effect on the paper tube. Further, the load applied to the expansion shaft of the present invention can be equally distributed by the mechanism, and the expansion mechanism is not easily deformed' to have high rigidity, and the paper tube is not easily loosened and slipped when the expansion shaft is rotated at a high load and at a high speed. [Embodiment] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The invention is used for fixing in a paper tube or other low-cost pipe, and the ability of the wall of the building to produce a coiled material (four) is obtained. First, please refer to the three-dimensional embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. The exploded view, the three-dimensional combination of the internal components of the outer sleeve of the present invention as shown in FIG. 2, the top view of the embodiment of the invention of the present invention, and the first embodiment of FIG. 3 are shown in FIG. 4 shifting the cross-sectional view, and the side view 5-5 " shifting cross-sectional view of FIG. In this embodiment, the expansion shaft system includes an outer sleeve 10, a cover plate 20, and a telescopic mechanism 30. The outer sleeve 10 has a sleeve surface 11 and an inner shaft hole 12, and a first radial groove group 111 and a second radial groove group 112 are respectively disposed on the sleeve surface 11 at both axial ends. The first radial groove group 111 and the second radial groove group 112 respectively have a plurality of slots 1121 communicating with the inner shaft hole 12 . The slots (1111, 1121) of the first radial slot set 111 and the second radial slot set 112® are radially equiangularly distributed on the sleeve surface of the outer sleeve. A plurality of cover plates 20 are respectively disposed in the slot 1111 of the first radial slot set 111 and the slot 1121 of the second radial slot set 112. Each cover surface is a curved surface having the same curvature as the outer sleeve surface of the outer sleeve, and each cover surface has a non-slip structure, which can directly open a plurality of grooves on the surface, or apply surface treatment The technology directly forms a high coefficient of friction layer, or • a layer of high coefficient of friction is applied to increase the friction with the inner wall of the paper tube or other tube. a telescopic mechanism 30 is disposed in the inner shaft hole 12 between the first radial groove group 111 and the second radial groove group 112, and the telescopic mechanism 30 is fixed for each cover plate 20, and When the telescopic mechanism 30 is stretched, the cover plates 20 are radially outwardly pushed out from the axial center, so that the cover plates 20 protrude from the sleeve surface 11 of the outer sleeve 10, and the telescopic mechanism 30 contracts. The cover plates 20 are retracted into the first radial groove group 111 of the outer sleeve 10 and the slots (1111, 1121) of the 1361166 \ second radial groove group 112. The telescopic mechanism 30 of the above embodiment includes: a telescopic mechanism comprising: a first telescopic module 31 disposed at a radially inner portion of the first radial slot group ι, and a first telescopic module 32 disposed at the second radial direction a hydraulic cylinder 33 disposed between the first telescopic module 31 and the second telescopic module 32, the hydraulic red 33 has a red body portion 331 and a telescopic rod portion 332. The cylinder block 331 is connected to the first telescopic module η, and the telescopic rod portion #332 is pivotally mounted on the second telescopic module 32. Of course, the first telescopic module 31 needs to have at least one through hole 314 or the second telescopic module 32 needs to have at least one through hole 324 for the hydraulic line 333 connecting the hydraulic cylinder 33 to pass. The first telescopic module 31 includes a first pad 311 disposed on a radially inner portion of the first radial slot group ill. The first pad 311 has a central shaft hole 3U1 and a plurality of radial slots 3112 (corresponding to In each slot position) and - outer cover 3113 (axially closing the radial slots); - the first slider set 312' has a plurality of sliders corresponding to the radial slots 3112, Each of the sliders 3121 has a __ top surface 31211, a shoulder coffee and a bottom portion 31214, and the top surface 31211 is provided with the cover plate 2 disposed thereon. The shoulder 3 is protruded from the top surface 312u. a phase between the shoulder portion 31212 and the wall surface of the inner shaft hole 12 is provided with a compression elastic member 3, such as a (4) magazine, the bottom portion 31214 is formed to be inclined toward the second radial groove group U2. And a first push rod 313, which has a shaft portion welcoming, a slanted cone portion having a plurality of slopes welcoming a portion 3U3, and the first push rod 313 is sleeved on the first lining block 3 ι Each of the ridges 166 i, the shaft hole 3111, the shaft portion 3131 is sleeved on the outer cover 3113, and each inclined surface 31321 of the inclined taper portion 3132 is abutted against the first slider a bottom portion 31214 of the kidney block 3121, the seat portion 3133 is disposed on a side of the first radial groove group 112 and connected to the cylinder portion of the hydraulic cylinder 33. The group 32 includes a second pad 321 disposed on a radially inner portion of the first and second radial groove groups, and the second pad 321 has a central shaft hole 3211 corresponding to the position of each slot 1121. a radial sliding groove hitting 3212 and axially closing one of the radial sliding grooves 3212; a second sliding block group 322 having a plurality of sliders 3221 corresponding to the radial sliding grooves 3212 The first/bone block 3221 has a top surface 32211, a shoulder portion 32212 and a bottom portion 32214. The top surface 32211 is provided for the cover plate 2322. The shoulder portion 3212 protrudes from the outer side of the top surface 32211. The shoulder portion 32212 and the wall surface of the inner shaft hole 12 are provided with a compression elastic member 32213'. The bottom portion 32214 forms a slope inclined toward the first radial groove group U1; and a second push rod 323 The system has a shaft portion 3231, a tapered portion 3232 having a plurality of inclined surfaces 32321, and a portion 3233, and the second push rod 323 The shaft portion 3231 of the second pad 321 is sleeved on the outer cover 3213, and each inclined surface of the inclined taper portion 3232 is abutted against the second slider group 322. The bottom portion 3214' of the slider 3221 is disposed on the one side of the first radial groove group 111 to connect the telescopic rod portion 332 of the hydraulic cylinder 33. The connection between the first push rod 313 and the hydraulic cylinder 33 and the connection between the second push rod 323 and the hydraulic cylinder 33 in the above embodiment are connected by a pin 40 to form a relative The joint state of joint motion helps to push the average distribution of stress. Please refer to FIG. 6 for a schematic view of the expanded state of FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 for a view of the expanded state of FIG. According to the structure of the above embodiment, when the telescopic rod portion 332 of the hydraulic cylinder 33 is extended, the first push rod 313 of the first telescopic module 31 can be axially pushed out, and the first push rod 313 is inclined by the inclined surface 31321. A bottom portion 31214 of each slider 3121 of a slider group 312, each slider 3121 is radially outwardly stretched from the axis, so that the cover plate 20 fixed to the top surface 31111 of each slider 3121 protrudes from the outer sleeve 10 The sleeve surface 11; at the same time, because the hydraulic cylinder 33 is not fixed to the outer sleeve 10, but floats between the first telescopic module 31 and the second telescopic module 32, so the first telescopic At the same time, the module 31 is simultaneously pushed against the second push rod 323 of the second telescopic module 32, and the cover plate 20 is also pushed out of the sleeve surface 11 of the outer sleeve 10 to form a radial expansion; When the telescopic rod portion 332 is contracted, the first push rod 313 and the second push rod 323 are simultaneously retracted, and at this time, the sliders 3121 of the first slider group 312 and the sliders 3221 of the second slider group 322 are By sliding the compression elastic members 31213, 32213 radially to the shaft center, the cover plate 20 is retracted to the sleeve surface 11 ° of the outer sleeve 10 The characteristic is that the uniformity of the material of the paper tube which is generally set on the expansion shaft is different, and the inner diameter is also slightly different. The hydraulic cylinder in the telescopic mechanism of the invention adopts a floating (non-fixed) design, so the expansion shaft can be provided. The different expansion amounts of the 8 1361166 cover plates on both sides can adjust the 'Λ i expansion amount according to the difference between the material and the inner diameter of the paper tube, and according to the design of the invention, the expansion force arrangement on both sides can be; The tube produces a relatively better support effect. In addition, the load on the expansion shaft of the present invention can be equally distributed by the push rod, the slider and the pad, the telescopic mechanism is not easily deformed, the structural design has high rigidity, and the paper tube is not easy to loosen and slide when the expansion shaft is rotated at high load and high speed. Further, the power source of the present invention is a hydraulic cylinder which, in combination with the inclined surface of the push rod and the inclined surface of the bottom of the slider, can provide a relatively large expansion force and a high load. In the above, it is merely described that the present invention is an embodiment or an embodiment of the technical means for solving the problem, and is not intended to limit the scope of the practice of the present invention. That is, the equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention or the scope of the invention are covered by the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded view of an inner sleeve of an outer sleeve of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an inner sleeve of the present invention; 4 is a cross-sectional view of the front view 4-4 of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the side view 5-5 of FIG. 3; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the expanded state of FIG. 4; Schematic diagram of the expanded state profile. [Main component symbol description] 10 outer bushing 1361166
11 軸套表面 111 第一徑向槽組 1111 槽孔 112 第二徑向槽組 1121 槽孔 12 内轴孔 20 蓋板 21 溝槽 30 伸縮機構 31 第一伸縮模組 311 第一概塊 3111 中心軸孔 3112 徑向滑槽 3113 外蓋 312 第一滑塊組 3121 滑塊 31211 頂面 31212 肩部 31213 壓縮彈性元件 31214 底部 313 第一推桿 3131 軸桿部 3132 斜錐部 31321 斜面 136116611 bushing surface 111 first radial groove group 1111 slot 112 second radial slot group 1121 slot 12 inner shaft hole 20 cover plate 21 groove 30 telescopic mechanism 31 first telescopic module 311 first block 3111 center Shaft hole 3112 Radial chute 3113 Cover 312 First slider set 3121 Slider 31211 Top surface 31212 Shoulder 31213 Compression elastic element 31214 Bottom 313 First push rod 3131 Shaft part 3132 Oblique taper 31321 Bevel 1361166
3133 座部 314 通孔 32 第二伸縮模組 321 第二襯塊 3211 中心轴孔 3212 徑向滑槽 3213 外蓋 322 第二滑塊組 3221 滑塊 32211 頂面 32212 肩部 32213 壓縮彈性元件 32214 底部 323 第二推桿 3231 軸桿部 3232 斜錐部 32321 斜面 3233 座部 324 通孔 33 液壓缸 331 缸體部 332 伸縮桿部 333 液壓管路 40 銷軸3133 Seat 314 Through Hole 32 Second Telescopic Module 321 Second Pad 3211 Center Shaft Hole 3212 Radial Chute 3213 Cover 322 Second Block Set 3221 Slider 32211 Top Surface 32212 Shoulder 32213 Compression Elastic Element 32214 Bottom 323 Second push rod 3231 Shaft part 3232 Inclined taper 32321 Inclined surface 3233 Seat 324 Through hole 33 Hydraulic cylinder 331 Cylinder part 332 Telescopic rod part 333 Hydraulic line 40 Pin