1359371 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明有關於一種光學位移偵測裝置及方法，其可根 據所偵測之物件反射光狀況來適應性地調整光源光譜，以 達到更精確的位移偵測結果。 【先前技術】 光學位移偵測裝置有各種應用方式，其中最常見的應 用方式就是光學滑鼠。在光學滑鼠中，光源發出的光線被 導引至桌面或其他表面，反射後為滑鼠内部的感測晶片所 接收，感測晶片將光學訊號轉換為電子訊號輸出，再由後 級處理器針對電子訊號加以運算，以決定滑鼠的位移。 光學滑鼠可概分為兩類，一種係使用一般發光二極體 (最常見為紅光二極體）來發光；另一種為雷射滑鼠，使 用雷射二極體來發光。本說明書文中’使用一般發光二極 體的滑鼠稱為「一般光學滑鼠」；使用雷射二極體的滑鼠稱 為「雷射滑鼠」；兩者總稱「光學滑鼠」。 一般光學滑鼠和雷射滑鼠兩者的基本工作原理相同， 但其差別在於光線的頻譜，以及對所偵測表面的辨識力。 一般光學滑鼠主要在辨識所偵測表面的圖案，雷射滑鼠則 主要在辨識所偵測表面的粗糙度。因此，兩種滑鼠都各有 其辨識上的優點與弱點。 詳言之’就一般光學滑鼠而言，當受偵測表面的顏色 與發光二極體的顏色相近時，由於光線散射(scattering)過 強’相對地’感測晶片對受偵測表面的圖案紋理差異，敏 5 1359371 感度便會降低，而不易萃取出正確的特徵圖案。因特徵 夠顯著，後續的位移計算也就容易產生錯誤。 、$不 就雷射滑鼠而言，當受偵測表面的粗糙度不足時，艮 使有很清晰的圖案，也可能產生誤判。 即 、美國專利第6,963，G59餘提出-種改變光源強度 作法’但改變光源強度並不能解決前述問題。 又 本案係針對以上先前技術的缺點，提出解決之道。 【發明内容】 本發明之第一目的在提供一種光學位移彳貞測裝置，其 可根據所偵測之物件反射光狀況來適應性地調整光源^ 譜’以達到更精確的位移偵測結果。 本發明之第二目的在提供一種相關的光學位移偵測方 法。 ' 為達上述之目的，就本發明的其中一個觀點而言，提 供了一種光學位移偵測裝置，包含：至少兩個光源I可分 別對一受偵測表面投射不同頻譜的光線；影像擷取單元= 其接收從該受偵測表面反射的光線，並將其轉換為電子訊 唬；以及處理控制裝置，其根據影像擷取單元所輸出之電 子訊虎’計鼻位移。 上述裝置中，光源可以是不同顏色的一般發光二極 體，亦可為一般發光二極體與雷射二極體之組合。 此外，就本發明的另一個觀點而言，提供了一種光學 位移摘測錢，包含：光源’可對—受_表面投射混合 6 光’該混合光包括至少兩種不同的主要波長；影像擷取單 元’其接收從該受偵測表面反射的光線，並可根據該不同 的主要波長而轉換為不同的電子訊號；以及處理控制裝 置’其根據影像擷取單元所輸出之電子訊號，計算位移。 上述裝置令’影像擷取單元的内部可設置兩感測電 路’各具有不同顏色的濾光層，或是各與對應的不同顏色 之濾色透鏡搭配，以接收不同波長的光線。 此外，就本發明的再一個觀點而言，提供了一種光學 位移偵測方法’包含：提供至少兩個光源，可分別發射不 同頻譜的光線；以其中一個光源發射光線；接收該光線所 構成之影像；判斷該影像之品質；當該影像品質良好時， 使用該影料算位移；以及當·像品料良時，切換另 一個光源發光。 上述方法中，當影像中不足以取得有意義的特徵時， 表示影像品質不良。 又，就本發明的再另一個觀點而言，提供了-種光學 位移_方法，包含··發射包括至少兩種不同 上述方法令，可以同步接收兩個 ㈣珊長幅，崎別 二應影像;至少判斷財-個影像 ’二，田㈣像。。質良好時，使用該影像計算位 及當該影像品質不良時，使用另_影像計算位移。， 影像、判斷其品質， 並根據影n轉紐的峨料算轉 一種實施型態中，可以於單—時點僅判斷其卜個影g 13593711359371 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an optical displacement detecting apparatus and method, which can adaptively adjust a spectrum of a light source according to a detected light condition of an object to achieve a more accurate Displacement detection results. [Prior Art] Optical displacement detecting devices have various application methods, and the most common application method is an optical mouse. In an optical mouse, light from a light source is directed to a tabletop or other surface, reflected and received by a sensing chip inside the mouse, and the sensing chip converts the optical signal into an electronic signal output, which is then output by the post processor. The electronic signal is calculated to determine the displacement of the mouse. Optical mice can be divided into two categories, one using a general light-emitting diode (most commonly a red light diode) to emit light; the other is a laser mouse, which uses a laser diode to emit light. In this manual, a mouse that uses a general light-emitting diode is called a "general optical mouse"; a mouse that uses a laser diode is called a "laser mouse"; the two are collectively referred to as "optical mouse". The basic working principle of both the optical mouse and the laser mouse is the same, but the difference lies in the spectrum of the light and the discriminating power of the detected surface. Generally, the optical mouse mainly recognizes the pattern of the detected surface, and the laser mouse mainly recognizes the roughness of the detected surface. Therefore, both types of mice have their own advantages and weaknesses in identification. In detail, in the case of a general optical mouse, when the color of the detected surface is similar to the color of the light-emitting diode, the light is scattered relatively 'relatively' to sense the surface of the wafer to be detected. The difference in pattern texture, Min 5 1359371, the sensitivity will be reduced, and it is not easy to extract the correct feature pattern. Since the features are significant, subsequent displacement calculations are prone to errors. For the laser mouse, when the roughness of the surface to be detected is insufficient, the 艮 makes a clear pattern and may cause misjudgment. That is, U.S. Patent No. 6,963, G59 proposes to change the intensity of the light source, but changing the intensity of the light source does not solve the aforementioned problem. In addition, this case proposes a solution to the shortcomings of the above prior art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the present invention is to provide an optical displacement detecting device that can adaptively adjust a light source spectrum according to a detected light condition of an object to achieve a more accurate displacement detection result. A second object of the present invention is to provide a related optical displacement detecting method. For the above purposes, in one aspect of the present invention, an optical displacement detecting apparatus is provided, comprising: at least two light sources I respectively project light of different spectra on a detected surface; image capturing Unit = which receives the light reflected from the detected surface and converts it into an electronic signal; and a processing control device that measures the nasal displacement according to the electronic signal outputted by the image capturing unit. In the above device, the light source may be a general light emitting diode of different colors, or may be a combination of a general light emitting diode and a laser diode. In addition, in another aspect of the present invention, an optical displacement measurement is provided, comprising: a light source 'possible-receiving-surface projection mixing 6 light', the mixed light comprising at least two different main wavelengths; Taking a unit that receives light reflected from the detected surface and converts it into a different electronic signal according to the different dominant wavelengths; and the processing control device 'calculates the displacement according to the electronic signal output by the image capturing unit . The above device enables the inside of the image capturing unit to be provided with two different sensing circuits, each having a different color filter layer, or each of the corresponding color filter lenses of different colors to receive light of different wavelengths. In addition, in a further aspect of the present invention, an optical displacement detecting method is provided, which includes: providing at least two light sources for respectively emitting light of different frequency spectra; emitting light by one of the light sources; and receiving the light Image; determine the quality of the image; when the image quality is good, use the shadow to calculate the displacement; and when the image is good, switch another light source to illuminate. In the above method, when the image is insufficient to obtain a meaningful feature, the image quality is poor. Moreover, in still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical displacement method comprising: at least two different method instructions, which can simultaneously receive two (four) long amplitude images At least judge the financial image - two, Tian (four) image. . When the quality is good, the image is used to calculate the bit and when the image quality is poor, the displacement is calculated using another image. , image, judge its quality, and calculate according to the data of the shadow n-turn. In an implementation type, it can only judge its shadow at the single-time point g 1359371
當感測晶片17所接收的反射影像，足以萃取出特徵 時’處理控制電路IS即根據f知方法，來計算料的位移 (步驟S45)。例如’若光源12為一般發光二極體，可透 過比對刖後兩張影像的圖案來計算位移；若光源為雷射 二極體，可透過比對前後兩張影像的粗糙度特徵來計^位 移，此部份非為本案重點，在此不贅予說明。 當受偵測表面的顏色與光源12的顏色相近，以致感測 晶片17所接收的反射影像，不足以萃取出特徵時，處理控 制電路18即送出訊號’切換至另一個光源i3 (步驟祕^ 由於頻譜改變，因此可避開因顏色相近散射過強所造成的 困擾。或是’若光源12為雷射二極體，當受偵測表面不具 粗链度⑽感測晶>}丨7職㈣反射f彡像不足以萃取出 特徵時’處理控制電路18也_送出訊號，切換至另一個 光源13 (步驟S46)。當所得的影像足以萃取出特徵時，處 理控制電路18即根據之而計算滑鼠的位移（步驟泌）。 μ#取特徵」’其方式例如為：根據反射影像 的免度々布^取亮度值之絕對值或姆值切既定臨限 值的區域’定為特徵。根據_兩張影像的特徵比對，即 可計算位移。反面言之，當無法取得有簡㈣徵時，例 如影像中含有過高或過·例的特魏域，即為影像 不良。 第5Α與5Β圖說明處理控制電路18的内部電路結 構。右光源12與13同為—般發光二極體時，僅需要一種 感測電路以及相對應的處理單元181 ;料源12斑 9 1359371 —㈣高之吻，_能夠感測 先線/、每射先之兩組感測電路17卜172， =2取:;，以不同方式來計算位移的兩二 in、m敖人：二：上圖示僅為示例’如將兩感測電路 祀播^门 一電路’或使用單獨一個處理單元， 根據不_軟體程絲運算，都屬可行。 ，6圖=出本發明的另—個實施例。本實施例所顯示 二=〇，僅具有一個光源22。此光源22所發出的光線 ::包括兩種以上的主要波長。例如，光源22可為 白光二極體，或其他可發出混合光的光源。 光源22所發出的光線，經過第一透鏡14聚光後，通 過滑鼠外殼上的開孔15，投射在受制表面上（未示出）， 再^射回到滑鼠内部。與前一實施例不同地，在本實施例 中衫像擷取單元27内設有兩個感測電路271、272，以分 別感測不同波長的光線。感測不同波長光線的方式，例如 可如圖所示設置不同顏色的兩組濾光透鏡161、162,以分 別過濾出所欲的色光。或者，亦可仍採單一透鏡，但在兩 個感測電路27卜272中分別設置不同顏色的濾光層(c〇1〇r filter，未示出）。兩個感測電路271、272感測不同波長光 線，將其轉換為電子訊號，傳遞給處理控制電路18。處理 控制電路18可以根據其中一個感測電路的訊號，來計算滑 鼠的位移。詳言之，在其中一種實施型態中，處理控制電 路18可以同步接收兩個感測電路271、272的訊號，並根 據影像品質相對較佳的訊號來計算滑鼠的位移。或者，在 10 1359371 另一種實施型態中，處理控制電路18可以切換接收任一個 感測電路的訊號，於單一時點僅根據所接收的感測電路訊 號來判斷其影像的品質，當其中一個感測電路的影像品質 不佳時’即切換至另一個感測電路，如第7圖的步驟 S71-S76 所示。 藉由切換對不同波長光線的感測訊號，本實施例同樣 可避開因受偵測表面與光源顏色相近、散射過強所造成的 困擾。When the reflected image received by the wafer 17 is sensed enough to extract the feature, the processing control circuit IS calculates the displacement of the material according to the f-method (step S45). For example, if the light source 12 is a general light-emitting diode, the displacement can be calculated by comparing the patterns of the two images after the image; if the light source is a laser diode, it can be calculated by comparing the roughness characteristics of the two images before and after. ^ Displacement, this part is not the focus of this case and will not be explained here. When the color of the detected surface is similar to the color of the light source 12, so that the reflected image received by the sensing chip 17 is insufficient to extract the feature, the processing control circuit 18 sends a signal 'switching to another light source i3 (step secret ^ Due to the spectrum change, it can avoid the trouble caused by the excessive scattering of the color. Or if the light source 12 is a laser diode, when the detected surface does not have a thick chain (10) sensing crystals}}7 When the (4) reflection f image is insufficient to extract the feature, the processing control circuit 18 also sends a signal to switch to another light source 13 (step S46). When the resulting image is sufficient to extract the feature, the processing control circuit 18 is based on And calculate the displacement of the mouse (step secretion). μ#takes the feature"', for example, according to the degree of freedom of the reflected image, the absolute value of the brightness value or the area where the mvalue is cut to the predetermined threshold. According to the feature comparison of the two images, the displacement can be calculated. On the other hand, when the simple (four) sign cannot be obtained, for example, the image contains a high or over-existing special-wei domain, which is a poor image. 5Α and 5Β图The internal circuit structure of the processing control circuit 18. When the right light source 12 and 13 are the same as the light-emitting diode, only one sensing circuit and the corresponding processing unit 181 are needed; the source 12 spot 9 1359371 - (four) high kiss , _ can sense the first line /, each shot first two sets of sensing circuit 17 172, = 2 take:;, calculate the displacement of two or two in different ways, m敖 people: two: the above illustration is only For example, if the two sensing circuits are used to broadcast a gate circuit or a single processing unit is used, it is feasible according to the non-soft-wire operation. Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The example shows two = 〇, having only one light source 22. The light emitted by the light source 22: includes more than two main wavelengths. For example, the light source 22 can be a white light diode, or other light source that can emit mixed light. The light emitted by the light source 22 is condensed by the first lens 14, and then projected onto the receiving surface (not shown) through the opening 15 in the outer casing of the mouse, and then returned to the inside of the mouse. Differently, in the embodiment, two sensing systems are provided in the shirt image capturing unit 27 The circuits 271, 272 respectively sense light of different wavelengths. The manner of sensing light of different wavelengths, for example, two sets of filter lenses 161, 162 of different colors may be arranged as shown to filter out the desired color light respectively. A single lens may still be used, but different color filter layers (c〇1〇r filter, not shown) are respectively disposed in the two sensing circuits 27 272. The two sensing circuits 271, 272 sense The light of different wavelengths is converted into an electronic signal and transmitted to the processing control circuit 18. The processing control circuit 18 can calculate the displacement of the mouse according to the signal of one of the sensing circuits. In particular, in one embodiment The processing control circuit 18 can synchronously receive the signals of the two sensing circuits 271 and 272, and calculate the displacement of the mouse according to the signal with relatively better image quality. Alternatively, in another embodiment of 10 1359371, the processing control circuit 18 can switch the signal of receiving any one of the sensing circuits, and judge the quality of the image based on the received sensing circuit signal at a single time, when one of the senses When the image quality of the circuit is not good, it is switched to another sensing circuit, as shown in steps S71-S76 of Figure 7. By switching the sensing signals for different wavelengths of light, the present embodiment can also avoid the trouble caused by the fact that the detected surface is close to the color of the light source and the scattering is too strong.
本發明之光學位移偵測裝置及方法不限於使用在滑鼠 中，亦可應用於任何以光學方式追蹤物體位置變化的裝置。 以上已針對較佳實施例來說明本發明，唯以上所述 者’僅係為使熟悉本技術者級了解本發明的内容而已， 並非用來蚊本發明之侧·。對於熟悉本技術者，告 可在本發明精神内’立即思及各種等效變化。舉例而古: 各實施例巾所狄魏，並非㈣The optical displacement detecting device and method of the present invention are not limited to use in a mouse, but can be applied to any device that optically tracks the change in position of an object. The present invention has been described above with respect to preferred embodiments, and the above description is only for the purpose of understanding the present invention by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to be used as a side of the invention. For those skilled in the art, it is advisable to immediately consider various equivalent changes within the spirit of the invention. For example, the ancient examples: Di Wei of each embodiment, not (four)
電路17、18、m W不之各 172、181、182、183、27卜 272，未必 圖示的方式各自成為獨立的電路，而可以各=方 所為之均等it可能。故凡依本發明之概念與精神 圍内。 ，均應包括於本發明之中請專利範 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖示出本發明的第-個實施例。 11 1359371 苐因與苐3圖示出使用兩種不同發光二極體時之頻譜。 第4圖示出與第一實施例對應的流程。 ，5A與5B圖示出處理控制電路18的兩個實施例。 第6圖示出本發明的另一個實施例。 第7圖示出與第6圖實施例對應的流程。 【主要元件符號說明】 10滑鼠 11滑鼠外殼 12光源 π光源 14第一透鏡 15開孔 16第二透鏡 161，162滤光透鏡 17感測晶片 171第一感測電路 172第二感測電路 18處理控制電路 181第一處理單元 182第二處理單元 光源頻譜控制單元 2〇滑鼠 22混合光源 27影像擷取單元 271第一感測電路 272第二感測電路 S41 ~ S46 步驟 S71 - S76 步驟 12The circuits 17, 18, m, 172, 181, 182, 183, and 27, respectively, are not necessarily shown as independent circuits, but may be equal to each other. Therefore, it is within the concept and spirit of the present invention. All of them should be included in the present invention. Patent Description [Schematic Description of Drawings] Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. 11 1359371 苐 and 苐 3 illustrate the spectrum when two different light-emitting diodes are used. Fig. 4 shows the flow corresponding to the first embodiment. 5A and 5B illustrate two embodiments of the process control circuit 18. Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 shows the flow corresponding to the embodiment of Fig. 6. [Main component symbol description] 10 mouse 11 mouse housing 12 light source π light source 14 first lens 15 opening 16 second lens 161, 162 filter lens 17 sensing wafer 171 first sensing circuit 172 second sensing circuit 18 processing control circuit 181 first processing unit 182 second processing unit light source spectrum control unit 2 〇 mouse 22 mixed light source 27 image capturing unit 271 first sensing circuit 272 second sensing circuit S41 ~ S46 steps S71 - S76 steps 12