TWI352806B - - Google Patents

Description

13-52806 TPPO/P731-001.doc IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] This case is a method of measuring the amount of reduction in the hysterometer, especially a method of measuring the time of vertical falling of a sphere. _ The theory derived from the theory of motion, and the value-measurement method used by the value-added method to obtain the viscous measurement method used for the difficult material. [Prior Art] The methods used for the determination of the dynamic viscosity coefficient include a rotary type, a tube type, and a falling ball type, and the emotion type is the magnitude of the viscosity. The tube is to observe the velocity of the fluid in the tube to distinguish the viscosity. The falling ball type measures the time when the ball passes a known distance, and then substitutes the formula to calculate the viscosity value. The falling ball viscometer was invented by Mr. H〇一, and the ball viscometer is used for precise and transparent Newtonian liquid and gas viscosity. It has high precision and low measurement time and low cost. It meets the German DIN53015 and ISO12058 standards and is written as a standard reference instrument. In spring, its temperature is corrected by MME La, and the accuracy of the surface is not comparable to that of other types of two viscometers. The principle of the falling noise meter is that the small ball that has been dropped in the plane body passes through the distance t required by the distance L, and the surface is used as the basis of the viscosity of the Zhejiang (four). When an object's falling fluid is only affected by gravity, it will move downward with acceleration until the downward force (weight) just balances the upward buoyancy and viscosity drag forces. The speed at this time is called the terminal speed. It is known from Stoke's law gamma (four) that the ball of diameter d is in the laminar flow at the constant velocity v (ie, the low thunder 2007/9/13 5 (No Resis. ο time) movement, the ball on the ball Oxygen force (1) ΤΡΡΟ / Ρ 731-00 l.doc Gravity and buoyancy are as follows ~6~

Psg (2) (3) Tian this ball reaches the group material, which is known from the balance of vertical force. rng=0 is also known as (4)

(5) In addition to the small ball, the density and the sinking are more than the known density; In order to achieve the terminal speed of the falling sphere, Yi Xie 5 used a different viscosity range with ', a different circle and material'. When 1 = when the 'publication _ ball needs to be done first - when playing _ _ set, its value must be high ge ^ test value to find the face of Wei Wei power flat shape, so according to the face $ with appropriate drop ball Measure the viscosity of the test solution. , = 卜 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The measurement method of the patent extracts the terminal speed evaluation method (that is, the above-mentioned conventional method), and the method needs to measure the time when the sphere reaches the terminal speed. 2007/9/13 6 The material miscellaneous meter has the following missing ball counts of “L2”, measuring the same equipment and injuring multiple materials according to the standard viscosity measurement method, so as to fit in different kinds. Viscosity measurement of liquids. 2. ^With the drop _ degree meter, in the process of the process #巾, the county law completely determines that the ball in the time zone has reached the speed of the scale end, only to increase the time zone before the drop distance method 'to avoid this _ as much as possible . A 3. The conventional ball-adhesive viscometer is tilted by 1 () degrees by the _ tube, so the ball is not free to fall, and the 岐 is rolling down. This situation does not match the physical model derived from the original formula. + How to improve the shortcomings of the above (4), and discuss the principle of the vertical axis. The vertical falling ball viscosity metric _ rational edge formula is the concern of this case. [Invention content] The purpose of this case is to mention ta-_ and advance (four) _ The viscous measurement method used by the metrics' can be determined by the _theoretic formula and the application of the numerical method. The sphere can start to fall _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The technique is the calculation method of the sphere when the sphere falls, and the solution of the equation by the numerical iteration method. For the above purpose, the viscosity measurement method used in the case of the ball drop reduction method includes the following steps: a round tube; 2007/9/13 7 1352806 TPP07P731-001.doc fills a liquid to be tested in the round tube; puts a falling ball into the liquid to be tested; records the falling distance of the falling ball in the liquid to be tested Required - time; providing the diameter and density of the falling ball, and the density of the liquid to be tested; using the numerical iteration method to obtain the viscosity of the liquid by the following - the formula:

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t 3α〇Μ 〇 =-r* ' C r Ps-Pf^ Ps g where ' y . distance (m), t : time (s), fl. : coefficient, v: viscosity of the liquid to be tested (Ns/m2), A: density of the falling ball (kg/m3), d: diameter of the falling ball (m), /v: density of the liquid to be tested (kg/m3), g : gravity constant. The viscous measurement method used in the ball viscometer described above, wherein the circular tube is an inner tube of a concentric tube, and the concentric tube further comprises an outer tube.

The viscous measurement method used in the ball viscometer described above, wherein the concentric circle is a vertical concentric tube. The viscous measurement method used in the ball viscometer described above, wherein the concentric tube is composed of a transparent material. A viscous measurement method as used in a ball drop viscometer, wherein the outer tube of the concentric tube provides circulating water for maintaining the temperature at the time of measurement. The viscous measurement method used in the ball viscous meter, wherein the tube has a scale for measuring the distance at which the ball falls in the liquid to be tested. 8 2007/9/13 Ϊ352806 TPP07P731-001.doc The viscous measurement method used in the ball viscous meter described above, wherein the drop of the falling ball in the liquid to be tested is obtained by recording the camera. For the viscous measurement method used in the ball viscometer, the time required for the ball to fall at the distance of the liquid drop to be measured is the time difference from the moment the ball starts to fall to the time when the ball falls. The viscous measurement method used in the ball viscometer described above, wherein the Reynolds number of the ball is less than 5. , /

The viscous measurement method used in the ball viscometer described above, wherein the Reynolds number is derived by one of the following second formulas:

PfUd μ ; where u : speed (m/s). The viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer described above, wherein the coefficient (α〇) has a value of 30. The viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer described above, wherein the first formula uses the acceleration term of the second motion rate of Newton to obtain the relationship between time and viscosity. [Embodiment] The first figure is compared with the case. A flow chart of a viscosity measurement method used in a ball viscometer of a preferred embodiment, comprising the following steps: Step 11: providing a round tube; Step 12: filling a liquid to be tested in the round tube; 2007/9/13 9 TPPO/P731 ·〇〇1 .d〇c Step 13: Put the falling ball into the liquid to be tested; Step 14. The money should fall off the ball when the body towel falls one of the required distances. Providing the diameter and density of the falling ball, and the density of the liquid to be tested; Step 16 'Using the numerical iteration method to obtain the viscosity of the liquid to be tested by a dynamic theoretical formula. Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the operation of the sticking measurement method used in the ball viscometer of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which comprises a concentric tube 2, an outer tube 22, a round tube 23, a falling ball 24 and a liquid to be tested 25. The sticking measurement method used in the falling ball viscometer proposed in the present case is a measuring method of a vertical falling ball viscometer, and the main measuring process is first provided in step U with a vertical concentric tube 21, which The concentric tube 21 is made of a transparent material and includes an inner tube and an outer tube 22. The inner tube is a round tube 23, and in step 12, the liquid to be tested 25 is filled into the tube 23. The portion of the outer tube 22 provides the temperature value of the circulating water, __ quantity. Then, in the step Μ, the falling ball 24 is placed in the liquid to be tested (4) by using the ball drop holder at the upper end of the round pipe 23, and then the falling ball 24 is dropped in the liquid to be tested 25 by a predetermined distance in step 14. Need - time value. Wherein, the round tube 23 has a height scale and can be used = the distance at which the falling ball 24 falls. The way to measure the time required to drop the preset distance is mainly by means of digital camera shooting (l/30 sec). After the shooting, the starting ball 24 falls, and the falling ball 24 falls over 2007/9/13 10 1352806 TP PO/P731 -001 , d〇c stops shooting after leaving. Using the recording of the digital camera, it is possible to know the drop time required for the falling ball 24 within a preset distance. When the drop time is obtained, the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the liquid to be tested can be obtained by tracking the known parameters such as the sphere density, the liquid density and the sphere diameter, and the dynamic theory formula and the numerical iteration method. The third figure is a graph showing the relationship between the drag coefficient and the Reynolds number used in the sticking measurement method used in the ball viscometer of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the sphere falls freely in the liquid, it is affected by gravity, buoyancy and resistance and follows Newton's second law: 曰 W~ FD~Fn = e=ma six PfU, a 4 6 -pfs

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Psa (6) (7) (8) where = ^ r (〇.: 30) Equation (8) can be derived as follows: where Equation (9) can be solved to obtain the following result: (9) According to (10) the relationship between the drag coefficient and the Reynolds number Literature (Encyclopedia of Fluid 11 2007/9/13 1352806 TPPO/P731-001.doc

Mechanics, Volume 1, Flow Phenomena and Measurement, PP. 440-451) It is known that taking 3 turns when the Reynolds number is less than 5 can be close to the real curve, as shown in the third figure. Now, if the time when a sphere falls from a stationary position to a fixed distance, plus the sphere density, liquid density, and sphere diameter, the y, c, t in the above formula (10) is the true value. In addition, the average Reynolds number can be estimated by using the drop time. Once the value falls within the effective range of the method (Re<5), we can use a guess to find the b value and verify (10). Whether it is a woman or not, and using the numerical metric method can be the correct enthalpy of the formula (10) and (10), which is the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the liquid. • The viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer proposed in this case is based on the second and experimental method, and the SAE3 nickname is used to rotate the coefficient (10). c) As an example, the results of the inspection are shown in the first table:

2007/9/13 12 1352806 , ^0^731-00, ^ — Table Weisiling, the nuclear reduction of the Shoucong has fallen into the experiment of 11_. The riding method has indeed been available for the utilization and ease of operation of the industry and viscosity, and is more novel, tactile and simpler than the conventional terminal speed evaluation method. The case has the following advantages: 1. The viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer proposed in this case adopts the structure of the vertical pipe of the type f, which can avoid the situation that the ball falls and falls. Therefore, the 忐 is completely consistent with the derived Physical model formula. 2. In the viscous measurement method used in the ball viscometer proposed in this case, the ball can be measured directly from the moment of falling, and the error will not be caused by the measurement of the falling ball that does not reach the terminal speed. 3. In the case of (4) the method of reducing the amount of noise riding, the choice of the Reynolds number (less than 5) for the ball is looser. • 4. The viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer proposed in this case not only shortens the distance required for 昼', but also greatly reduces the measurement steps. As mentioned above, the viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer mentioned in this case is based on the vertical ball drop mechanism, and the Newton's second law of motion is used to establish the dynamic momentum equation of the vertical ball. The relationship between the drop and the time, the axis lag coefficient, the drag coefficient, the sphere density, and the liquid density. Finally, the value of the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the liquid to be tested is obtained by the numerical iteration method, and the progress is novel and practical, such as its design change, for example Falling ball of different material sizes, setting different drop distances or ambient temperature, etc. 13 2007/9/13 (S ) 13.52806 TPPOZP73I-001.doc Record the time of falling ball T in a non-financial manner, as long as it is vertical ball = The default distance is lost, and the dynamic movement I of the falling ball mentioned in this case is obtained by the numerical method of the generation of the viscous coefficient of the liquid to be tested, which are intended to be disclosed and protected by the case. The technology disclosed in this case can be implemented by an experienced person who is familiar with the technology and has no previous work. However, the above examples are not sufficient to cover the scope of the protection of the county. Therefore, the scope of the application for patents is attached. month

2007/9/13 14 TPPOZP731-001.doc [Simplified Schematic] The first figure is a flow chart of the viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; the viscosity of the ball viscometer used in the example The first figure of the measuring side is a schematic diagram of the better practical operation of the case; the third picture is the relationship between the number of the fermenting wire and the Reynolds number measured by the method of the good side of the test. The reduction measure of the meter is 21 22 23 24 25 [ Explanation of main component symbols】 Concentric pipe · · · · Outer pipe ···... Round pipe... Falling ball ·..... Liquid to be tested.··. 2007/9/13 15

Claims (1)

1352806 .,. ^ Modified on February 24, 100. Replacement ten, the scope of patent application: - 1· A method of viscosity measurement used in a ball viscometer, comprising the following steps: providing a round tube; filling a liquid to be tested In the round tube; placing a falling ball into the liquid to be tested; recording one time required for the falling ball to fall a distance in the liquid to be tested; providing the diameter and density of the falling ball, and the density of the liquid to be tested; The numerical abundance method obtains the viscosity of the liquid to be tested by one of the following first formulas: where 'y: distance On), t: time (8), ". : coefficient, y: viscosity of liquid to be tested (NS/m2), density of falling ball (_), d: diameter of falling ball (m), skill: density of liquid to be tested (kg/m3), g: gravity constant The circular tube is an inner tube of a concentric tube, and the concentric tube further comprises an outer tube; the concentric tube is a vertical concentric tube; the first formula is _ (four) Niu Na two games The acceleration term of the law, the relationship between time and viscosity. 1352806 修正Revision and replacement on February 24, 100. 2. The method of the first paragraph of the patent scope is to reduce the ball. The concentric pipe consists of a transparent material. 3. If the viscous measurement method made by the ball viscous meter described in Item 1 of the application is used, the external pipe system of the β 玄 concentric pipe provides circulating water to maintain the temperature at the time of measurement. 4. The point measurement method used in the ball viscometer described in claim 1 of the scope of claim π, wherein the steel pipe has a scale for measuring the distance at which the falling ball falls in the liquid to be tested. 5. If applying the viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer described in (4), the distance that the ball falls in the liquid to be tested is obtained by using a record taken by a camera. 6. If applying the viscosity measurement method of the falling ball viscometer of the application axis, the time required for the falling ball to fall in the liquid to be tested is that the falling ball begins to fall _ to arrive The time difference of this distance. 7. The derating method used in the ball viscometer described in the fourth paragraph of the application, wherein the Reynolds number of the ball is less than 5. S 17 1352806 . _ / February 24, 2014 Revision Replacement 8. The viscosity measurement method used in the ball viscometer described in claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the coefficient (%) has a value of 30. S 18