I334254 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 涉及一種高精度電 本發明涉及電動機’更具體地說 動機及其加工和裝配方法。 【先前技術】 電動機製造業長期以來的生產工藝都是：按設計要求 最，壓成型的定子鐵芯鋼片或轉子鐵芯鋼片按照規定數量 ς扣在-起組紋子鐵^轉子㈣，而對定子鐵芯或轉 :鐵芯的外關和内孔都不再做任何的機械加工因而精 :差、公差大，在電動機組裝時’不可能對配合間隙進行 精欲調整，從而導致電動機同軸度、圓柱度配合誤差大， =使電動機功率損耗大、噪音大等積弊難以消除。即使精 进級別高-些的電動機也只是對轉子鐵芯的外圓周進行車 削加工，配合精度的改善也十分有限。 現有工藝中，通常在有一定硬度的轉軸上安裝 心的相對位置處衝壓四根筋，或者在_上安裝轉子❹ 的相對位置壓花’以増大轉軸的直徑，例如，若轉轴的直 役為8mm’轉轴上沖筋或壓花部位的直徑為& —。這樣的 處理使得轉軸鑲嵌到轉子鐵芯轉轴孔内時，可以與轉子 芯轉轴孔之間有-個緊配合。但是，這種工藝處理的弊病 在於’當電動機扭力較大時，容易形成轉子鐵芯圍繞轉轴 轉動而轉軸不動的現象，降低電動機的耐用性。 此外，現有工藝中，電動機的端蓋大都靠在定子鐵― 的端面上與定子鐵芯固定’前後端蓋之間的軸承孔的同二 1334254 « 度精度不鬲’因而造成裝配後，轉子鐵芯的運轉執跡為棉 圓形，損耗功率。 因此’現行的製造工藝雖然加工容易且加工成本低， 仁疋產品只能勝任一般的要求，只能夠在一般環境或者部 位使用。 σ 【發明内容】 本發明要解決的技術問題在於，針對現有技術的上述 不足γ提供一種改良後的高精度電動機及其加工和裝配方 ^提间疋子鐵芯、轉子鐵芯的加卫精度，提高電動機的 功率因數和财用性。 術方= = 的：本發明解決其技術問題所採用的技 π、疋 種電動機鐵芯的加工方法，包括：根據 内二Γ t度需求’分別對裝配成整體後的鐵芯的外圓周、 内孔和/或兩端端面進行研磨。 上述電動機鐵芯的加工方 .. 入# 地am 乃次〒’進一步包括·研磨鉚 口成-體的轉子鐵芯的外圓周。 上述電動機鐵芯的加工 合成一體的$ 法中，進一步包括：研磨鉚 1-、·ρ φ么她 W周、内孔和兩端端面。 前’在所述定子鐵K的+方法中，研磨所述定子鐵芯 -致的厚鋼片，並與所，分別疊加—片形狀與定子沖片 厚鋼片的厚度大;疋子沖片一起鉚合成整體，所述 人於等於〇. 3mm。 上述電動機鐵芯的加工 兩個端面的平行度小、 法中’研磨後所述定子鐵芯 、；〇· 〇〇8咖。 1334254 上述電動機鐵芯的加工方法中，研磨後定子鐵芯與 子鐵芯之間的氣隙小於等於〇」75mm。 本發明為解決其技術問題，還提出-種高精度電動 •機，包括裝配在-起的定子、轉子、轉軸和與定子固定在 •一起的前後兩個端蓋，所述轉子鐵怎的外圓周根據一定的 精度需求經過研磨’套在内孔衝壓直徑等於所述轉子鐵“ 的衝墨外徑的定子鐵芯的内孔内，且所述定子鐵芯的外圓 籲周、内孔和兩端端面在裝配前已分別經過研磨。 上述高精度電動機中，所述轉軸直接壓入轉子鐵芯的 轉軸孔内’與所述轉子鐵芯、的轉軸孔呈全接觸的緊配合。 1述高精度電動機中，所述轉軸直徑比所述轉子鐵芯 的轉軸孔内徑小至多〇.〇15min。 上述高精度電動機中，所述端蓋包括轴承座和定子支 擇。P ’所述定子支樓部的空心圓柱狀下端緊扣在所述定子 鐵芯、的外圓周表面上，所述空心圓柱狀下端内側設置有臺 鲁階狀止口，抵在所述定子鐵芯的端面上。 —上述高精度電動機中，所述定子鐵芯以及緊扣在所述 定子鐵芯兩端的前後兩個端蓋通過螺釘固定在一起。 上述高精度電動機中，所述端蓋的軸承座内裝配軸 承，所述端蓋的軸承座内裝配軸承，所述軸承座的内外兩 侧分別設有軸承蓋，通過螺釘固定在所述軸承座上將所述 轴承爽緊。 上述高精度電動機中，所述轉子鐵芯由複數個圓形轉 子沖片鉚合成一體。 1334254 ㉛间精度電動機中，所述定子鐵芯由複數個圓形定 中片#刀別宜加在兩端的兩片形狀與所述定子沖片一致 的厚鋼片鉚合成一體，所述厚鋼片的厚度大於等於觀， ’所述定子鐵芯兩個端面的平行度小於等於〇·嶋咖。 i述高精度㈣機+’經過研磨後，所述轉子鐵芯外 圓周表面與所述定子鐵芯内孔表面之間的氣隙小於等於 〇· 175mm。 本發明還提出—種電動機的裳配方法，包括： 參冑轉軸直接壓人轉子似、的轉減内，使得所述轉轴 與所述轉子鐵芯的轉軸孔呈全接觸的緊配合； • 冑外圓周已經過研磨的所述轉子鐵芯套在内孔衝壓直 ’徑等於所述轉子鐵芯的衝壓外徑的定子鐵芯的内孔内，且 所述定子鐵芯的外圓周、内孔和兩端端面在裝配前已分別 經過研磨； ^將前後兩個端蓋上的空心圓柱狀下端分別緊扣在所述 #定子鐵芯兩端的外圓周表面上，所述空心圓柱狀下端内側 «λ置的臺階狀止口抵在所述定子鐵芯的端面上，並通過螺 釘將所述定子鐵芯與所述前後兩個端蓋固定在一起。 上述電動機的裝配方法中，所述轉子鐵芯由複數個圓 形轉子沖片鉚合成一體。 上述電動機的裝配方法中，所述定子鐵芯由複數個圓 形定子沖片和分別疊加在兩端的兩片形狀與所述定子沖片 一致的厚鋼片鉚合成一體，所述厚鋼片的厚度大於等於 0. 3mm，所述定子鐵芯的兩個端面的平行度小於等於 1334254 〇. 〇〇8mm。 上述電動機的裝配方法中，所述轉子鐵芯外圓周表面 ”所述定子鐵芯内孔表面之間的氣隙小於等於G i^。 上述電動機的裝配方法中，所述轉轴直徑比所述 鐵芯的轉軸孔内徑小至多0.015mm。 實施本發明的高精度電動機及其加工和裝配方法，具 有以下有益效果：本發明的電動機對現有工藝進行了= 収子鐵芯和轉子鐵芯的加工均採料磨技術對外圓 周、内空和/或端面分別進行研磨，並同時對定子鐵 子鐵芯、端蓋的結構進行了改進，因此顯著提高了定子鐵 心、轉子鐵芯的加工精度，進而保證了組裝時的具有較高 2同軸度和圓柱度’降低了功率損耗，減低了運轉澡音與 延長了使用壽命’並因此降低了運行成本。依據本 和裝配的電動機各項技術指標都顯著優於現行工 卜的電動機’能夠在普通工藝製造的電動機無法 工作或…、法長時間工作的環境中正常工作例如電動汽車 使用的電動機’並且本發明尤其適合精密電動機的製造。 /為進一步了解本發明，以下舉較佳之實施例，配合圖 不、圖號’將本發明之具體構成内容及其所達成的功效詳 細說明如后： 【實施方式】 本發明所涉及的電動機包括電磁電動機和永磁電動 機。電磁電動機的定子鐵芯與轉子鐵芯均由鋼片組合而 1334254 成’永磁電動機的定子鐵芯或者轉子鐵芯其中一個為永久 磁鐵，另外-個由鋼片組合而成。以下對本發明的介紹將 以電磁電動機為例進行說明。 般來說，電動機主要由定子、轉子、轉軸和端蓋（在 .•某些電動機中’例如串勵電動機中， 因此以下描述中的端蓋包括支架)構成，其中定稱子=定 子鐵芯和定子緩組，轉子包括轉子鐵芯和轉子繞組。因本 發明對電動機的改進只涉及五金部分，故而本申請中未對 繞組等其他部件給出詳細說明。圖】是本發明電動機的一 個實施例的裝配結構示意圖。如圖1所示，該電動機主要 ;包=裝配在一起的轉軸50、轉子鐵芯20、定子鐵芯3〇以 及前端蓋10和後端蓋40 (繞組未在圖中示出）。 定子鐵芯30和轉子鐵芯20的具體結構如圖2和圖3 所不，分別由複數個沖片疊加並鉚合成一體。本發明在定 子鐵芯3G或轉子鐵芯2G的沖片完成鉚合、形成定子鐵芯 春或^轉子鐵芯整體之後，依據不同的需要用精密磨床分別 對端面、外圓周和/或内孔進行研磨，以保證定子鐵芯如 或轉子鐵芯20自身有很高的同軸度和圓柱度。如圖2所 不，由複數個圓形定子沖片構成的定子鐵芯3〇沿圓周上均 句分佈有複數個鉚釘孔32，用複數個鉚釘鉚合在—起，鉚 針的數量與分佈根據定子鐵芯3〇的外徑大小與厚度的變化P 而調整，使得組成定子鐵芯30的沖片緊密配合在—起，相 對形成一個整體。定子鐵芯30的中心設有内孔33，用於^ 住轉子鐵芯20。此外，在定子鐵芯的每個沖片的相同位置 1334254 處還設有均勻分佈的複數個螺釘孔31，用於與前後端蓋ι〇 和40固定。將複數個定子沖片鉚合成定子鐵芯後，本發明 對鉚合成整體的定子鐵芯進行研磨加工，主要包括：對定 子鐵芯的前後兩個端面進行平面研磨，使定子鐵芯的前後 二個端面的平行度不超過〇· 008mm，·對定子鐵芯的内孔進行 内圓研磨，增加内孔圓周的圓柱度，減少定子鐵芯内孔的 圓柱度偏差；對定子鐵芯的外圓周進行外圓研磨，減少定 子鐵芯外圓周的圓柱度偏差，這樣便可提高定子鐵芯外圓 周與内孔的同轴度以及整個定子鐵芯外圓周所形成的圓柱 體與定子鐵芯前後端面的垂直度。為了便於利用現有的外 圓磨床和内圓磨床對定子鐵怒的外圓周和内孔進行緊密研 磨^本發明的定子沖片週邊為完整的圓形，這樣相對於圖4 ，不的傳統疋子鐵芯外形設計，本發明的定子鐵芯具有更 2加工精度。由於機械加工的自然規律，傳統的定子鐵 片外圓的不連續性必然對外圓圓周的加工精度有很壊 的影響，沒有圓形外形設計的加工精密度高。精度有很壞 0 3 3由現厂有技術可知’組成定子鐵芯的沖片通常是用 ^ ^料卷裝鋼帶衝壓而成，㈣經過平直器進 ’但疋母一片沖片仍然有一定的弧度，沒冑完 合圖二圖;所示，當複數個沖片按-定厚度鉚 面度時=為：:：差子::的:片面:：研磨加工以修正平 量進行研磨加工（沖片厚的厚度可能不夠餘 7所示’本發明在 ？、:專’尤：明顯)。因此’如圖 隹疋子鐵4耵後兩個端面上各疊加—片 1334254 0.3mm以上的厚鋼片（具體厚度根據定子沖片衝壓模呈的嗖 計、沖片自身的厚度、外徑以及沖片平直度進行調整）2 與複數個沖片一起鉚合成定子鐵芯整體，然後在對定子鐵 芯進行前述的各種研磨加工。這樣即可增加定子鐵芯厚产 以便進行端面研磨加工，又可以增加定子鐵芯鉚合彳^的^ 密度以及加工後的穩定性。 y' 同樣，本發明的轉子鐵芯由複數個轉子沖片疊加並柳 合成-體。如圖3所示，轉子鐵芯、2G上設有中心的轉轴孔 22和沿圓周分佈的複數個鉚釘孔2卜鉚釘孔21的數量和 分佈根據轉子鐵芯20的外徑大小與厚度的變化而調整使 得組成轉子鐵芯20的沖片通過鉚釘緊密配合在一起，相對 形成-個整體。將複數個轉子沖片鉚合成轉子鐵芯後，本 發明利用外圓磨床對轉子鐵芯的外圓周進行研磨加工以 提高轉子鐵芯的尺寸精度。 現有生產工藝中，定子鐵芯的内孔直徑和轉子鐵芯的 外圓直徑一般相差〇. Η咖，若二者之間的公差值為〇，裝 配時轉子鐵芯無法放進定子鐵芯内孔内；若公差值低於 0.7咖，衝壓時又會有鐵屑產生’容易損壞模具，也給批量 生產帶來不便。本發明改進後的定子鐵芯與轉子鐵芯的裝 配如圖3所示’本發明的定子沖片和轉子沖片在衝壓時尺 ρ用〇對0設計（例如，若衝壓時定子沖片的内孔直徑 為52咖’則轉子沖片的外徑同樣為I)，然後通過上述 :研磨加工對定子鐵芯内孔和轉子鐵芯外圓周進行研磨 後’定子鐵芯與轉子鐵芯二者之間的氣隙減少到最低尺 1334*254 寸’即氣隙間距可小於等於〇 175咖，這樣便可以增加電動 機的扭力’提高功率因數。例如，衝壓直徑為52咖時，經 過研磨後’定子鐵芯的内孔直徑為52 2mm，轉子鐵怒的外 控為 51. 85mm。 本發明電動機的轉軸可採用型號為福顧的不錄 鋼材料，經過熱處理後達爿騰45_5〇的硬度，在經過精加 工之後’整個轉軸的頭尾尺寸誤差不超過，外圓周 的跳動度不超過配時，將轉軸直接壓入轉子鐵 芯的轉軸孔内，使轉軸的外圓周表面與轉子鐵芯的轉軸孔 表面完全接觸，達到全接觸的緊配合，這樣便可承受很大 的扭力’不會因扭力過大而出現轉子轉動而轉軸不動的情 >兄’提高電動機的耐用性。一般’當轉轴與轉子鐵芯的轉 轴孔之間的鬆緊度小於等於u15mm _，即轉軸的直徑比 轉子鐵芯的轉軸孔内徑小至多G G15mm時，便可 述全接觸的緊配合。 圖8和圖9是現有技術中—種端蓋的立體結構示意圖 和裝配示意圖。現有的端蓋一般下端只有左右兩個部分圓 周與定子鐵芯的端面接觸，並在圖9中所示的位置a處儿 部分圓周用㈣與定子㈣較，⑽穩枝不高, 形’並且前後兩個端蓋的軸承孔的同軸度很難得到保蛾。 本發明對前後兩個端蓋的結構騎了改進，如圖心圖^ :不為前端蓋1〇的立體結構示意圖。所述前端蓋1〇包括 和定子支禮部⑴定子支撐部12的下端為空心 回柱狀，並在該空心圓柱的内側設有臺階狀的止口 Β ,該 1334*254 工心圓柱的厚度以及止口的深度可以根據定子鐵芯的外 徑、端蓋的尺寸等因素進行調整。前端蓋10在止口 15的 位置處還設有複數個與定子鐵芯相對應的螺釘孔16。裝配 時’前端蓋10通過空心圓柱狀下端緊扣在定子鐵芯的 外圓周表面上’内側的臺階狀止口 15抵在定子鐵芯3〇的 端面上，並通過止口 15上的螺釘孔16與定子鐵芯以及後 端蓋用螺釘緊固在一起。本發明改進後的端蓋，以定子鐵 4經過研磨後的外圓周為基準點定位，前後端蓋緊扣在定 子鐵芯的外圓周上，使得前後端蓋與定子鐵芯三者的同軸 度得到保證，可以具有很高的同軸精度。此外，本發明還 對端蓋上軸承的定位進行了改進。如圖所示，前端蓋上 的軸承座13中裝配軸承和轉軸，軸承座13的内外兩側分 別設有軸承蓋14,通過螺釘固定在軸承座13上，從而將軸 承從端面上夹緊在兩個軸承蓋14之間。當轉軸與軸承的同 轴度不夠時，可以通過調整兩軸承蓋的位置來進行微調。 後端蓋40採用了與前端蓋10相同的結構設計，在此不再 贅述。 以下結合圖1對本發明改進後的電動機的裂配進行說 明："T先，將複數個轉定沖片鉚合形成轉子鐵芯、，將複數 個定子沖片以及兩端分別疊加的厚鋼片鉚合形成定子鐵 \接下來’根據-定的精度需求’使用精密磨床對轉子 鐵心的外圓周以及定子鐵芯的兩端端 ’回外0周和内孔進 行研磨，然後再進行電動機的裝配。奘 裝配時’將轉轴50直 1334*254 接壓入經過研磨後的轉子鐵芯2G的轉軸孔内，使得轉抽Μ 與轉子鐵芯20的轉軸孔呈全接觸的緊配合；然後將轉子鐵 :20套在定子鐵芯30的内孔内’因為轉子鐵芯的直徑與 定子鐵芯内孔的内徑之間採用〇對〇設計，經過研磨後二 者之間的氣隙小於等於0.175mm;然後’分別將前端蓋1〇 和後端盍40的空心圓柱狀下端緊扣在定子鐵芯兩端的 外圓周表面上’端蓋上的臺階狀止口 15抵在定子鐵芯的端 面上’並通過螺釘將定子鐵芯與前後兩個端蓋固定在一起。 以上以電磁電動機為例對本發明的各種改進進行了詳 =明。本發明的上述改進同樣適用於永磁電動機。例如， 當定子鐵芯為永久磁鐵而轉子鐵芯為鋼片時，在構成定子 鐵芯的磁鐵和外殼枯結後’依照前述方法對外殼的外圓周 及二個端面進行外圓研磨和平面研磨，並用内圓磨床對該 定子鐵芯的内孔進行研磨’·轉子鐵芯的處理與上述電磁電 動機相同。又例如’當定子鐵芯為鋼片而轉子鐵芯為永久 磁鐵時’也可讀照前述電磁電動機时法對定子鐵芯、 轉子鐵芯的相應部分進行研磨加工，提高其精度。以二介 紹的結構改進和裝配方法，也同樣適用於永磁電動機。 本發明可在不偏離主要精神及特徵的情況下以其他不 同的實施例實施’因此’上述的實施例只是以舉例的 對本發明的解釋，而不應將其視為對本發明的限制。任二 本領域普通專業技術人員’在未脫離本發明的構思和範圍 内所作的任何修改與替換’均應包括在本發明的保護範圍 1334*254 之内。 【圖式簡單說明】 --圖1係為本發明電動機的一個實施例的裝配結構示意圖； •.圖2係為本發明一個實施例中的定子鐵芯的端面示意圖； 圖3係為本發明一個實施例中定子鐵芯與轉子鐵芯裝配在 一起時的端面示意圖； 圖4係為現有技術的定子鐵芯的端面示意圖； 籲圖5係為本發明一個實施例中的定子鐵芯的立體結構示意 ESI · 圓， 圖6係為未加工前的定子鐵芯的侧面示意圖； 圖7係為本發明一個實施例中經過研磨後的定子鐵芯的側 面示意圖； 圖8係為現有技術的端蓋的立體結構示意圖； 圖9係為現有技術中電動機的裝配示意圖； 籲圖10係為本發明一個實施例中端蓋的立體結構示意圖； 圖11係為圖10所示的端蓋的另一個角度的立體結構示意 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 定子支撐部 12 軸承蓋 14 螺釘孔 16 鉚釘孔 21 定子鐵芯 30 前端蓋 10 軸承座 13 止口 15 轉子鐵芯 20 轉軸孔 22 17 1334254 螺釘孔 31 鉚釘孑L 32 内孑L 33 後端蓋 40 轉轴 50 ❿ 18I334254 IX. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a motor more specifically, and a method of processing and assembling the same. [Prior Art] The long-term production process of the motor manufacturing industry is: according to the design requirements, the pressure-formed stator core steel piece or the rotor core steel piece is buckled in the specified number of the grain irons (the rotor). For the stator core or the rotor: the outer and inner holes of the iron core are no longer mechanically processed. Therefore, the precision and the tolerance are large. When the motor is assembled, it is impossible to adjust the matching clearance, which leads to the coaxiality of the motor. Degree and cylindricity with large error, = make the motor power loss, noise and other problems are difficult to eliminate. Even if the motor with a higher level of precision is only turning the outer circumference of the rotor core, the improvement in the matching accuracy is very limited. In the prior art, the four ribs are usually punched at the relative positions of the mounting cores on the shaft having a certain hardness, or the relative positions of the rotor ❹ are mounted on the _ embossed to the diameter of the shaft, for example, if the shaft is directly operated The diameter of the embossed or embossed portion on the 8 mm' shaft is &. Such a treatment allows a tight fit between the shaft and the rotor core shaft hole when the shaft is inserted into the rotor core shaft hole. However, the drawback of this process is that when the torque of the motor is large, it is easy to form a phenomenon in which the rotor core rotates around the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft does not move, thereby reducing the durability of the motor. In addition, in the prior art, the end cap of the motor mostly rests on the end face of the stator iron and the stator core is fixed with the same bearing hole between the front and rear end caps, the same two 1334254 «degrees of precision is not good, thus causing the assembly after the rotor iron The operation of the core is cotton round and consumes power. Therefore, although the current manufacturing process is easy to process and the processing cost is low, the product can only be used for general requirements and can only be used in general environments or in parts. σ [Summary of the Invention] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an improved high-precision motor and its processing and assembly method for the above-mentioned deficiencies γ of the prior art, and the precision of the rotor core and the rotor core Improve the power factor and financial efficiency of the motor. The method for processing the motor core of the technique π and the motor core used in the present invention, including: the outer circumference of the iron core assembled into a whole according to the internal temperature requirement, The inner hole and/or both end faces are ground. The processing of the above-mentioned motor core is in which the outer circumference of the rotor core of the body is welded. In the above-mentioned method of processing and integrating the motor core, the method further includes: grinding the riveting 1-, · ρ φ her W circumference, the inner hole and the end faces at both ends. In the + method of the stator iron K, the thick steel sheets of the stator core are ground and overlapped, respectively, and the thickness of the sheet and the thickness of the thick steel sheet of the stator punch are large; Rive the whole together, the person is equal to 〇. 3mm. The machining of the above-mentioned motor core is small in parallelism between the two end faces, and the stator core after grinding is polished in the middle of the process. 1334254 In the above method for machining a motor core, the air gap between the stator core and the sub-iron core after grinding is less than or equal to 75 mm. In order to solve the technical problem thereof, the present invention also proposes a high-precision electric motor, comprising a stator, a rotor, a rotating shaft and two front and rear end caps fixed together with the stator, the rotor iron The circumference is grinded according to a certain precision requirement, and the inner hole of the stator core having the inner diameter of the inner diameter of the rotor is equal to the outer diameter of the outer surface of the rotor iron, and the outer circumference of the stator core is called the inner circumference and the inner hole. The end faces of the two ends are respectively ground before assembly. In the high-precision motor, the rotating shaft is directly pressed into the shaft hole of the rotor core to be in close contact with the rotor core and the shaft hole. In the electric motor, the diameter of the rotating shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating shaft hole of the rotor core by at most 〇15 min. In the above high precision electric motor, the end cover comprises a bearing seat and a stator. P 'the stator branch The hollow cylindrical lower end of the portion is fastened on the outer circumferential surface of the stator core, and the inner side of the hollow cylindrical lower end is provided with a stepped stepped stopper against the end surface of the stator core. High precision In the motor, the stator core and the front and rear end caps fastened to the ends of the stator core are fixed by screws. In the high-precision motor, the bearing is assembled in the bearing housing of the end cap, A bearing is disposed in the bearing housing of the end cover, and a bearing cover is respectively disposed on the inner and outer sides of the bearing housing, and the bearing is fastened by screwing on the bearing housing. In the high precision motor, the rotor core The plurality of circular rotor punching pieces are riveted into one body. In the 1334254 31-accuracy motor, the stator core is composed of a plurality of circular centering pieces. The two pieces of the blade are preferably added at both ends to be identical to the stator punching piece. The thick steel sheet is riveted and integrated, and the thickness of the thick steel sheet is greater than or equal to the view, 'the parallelism of the two end faces of the stator core is less than or equal to 〇·嶋咖. i said high precision (four) machine + ' after grinding, The air gap between the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core and the inner surface of the stator core is less than or equal to 175 mm. The present invention also proposes a method for dressing the electric motor, including: , a reduction fit, such that the rotating shaft is in full contact with the rotating shaft hole of the rotor core; • the rotor core sleeve whose outer circumference has been ground is straightened in the inner hole and the diameter is equal to the rotor iron The outer circumference of the stator core of the core is punched, and the outer circumference, the inner hole and the end faces of the stator core are separately ground before assembly; ^ the hollow cylindrical shape on the front and rear end caps The lower ends are respectively fastened to the outer circumferential surfaces of the two ends of the stator core, and the stepped openings of the inner side of the hollow cylindrical lower end are abutted against the end faces of the stator core, and the screws are The stator core is fixed to the front and rear end caps. In the assembling method of the motor, the rotor core is integrally formed by a plurality of circular rotor punching. In the assembling method of the motor, the stator iron The ferrule is a plurality of the slabs of the slabs of the slabs of the slabs of the slabs of the slabs of the slabs. Two end faces of the core The parallelism is less than or equal to 1334254 〇. 〇〇 8mm. In the above method of assembling the motor, the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core, the air gap between the inner surface of the stator core is less than or equal to G i^. In the assembling method of the motor, the diameter of the shaft is larger than The inner diameter of the shaft hole of the iron core is as small as 0.015 mm. The high-precision motor and the processing and assembling method thereof embodying the invention have the following beneficial effects: the motor of the present invention performs the prior art = the core of the core and the core of the rotor The processing of the grinding technology is performed on the outer circumference, the inner space and/or the end surface respectively, and the structure of the stator iron core and the end cover is improved at the same time, thereby significantly improving the machining precision of the stator core and the rotor core. In addition, it ensures a high degree of concentricity and cylindricity during assembly, which reduces the power loss, reduces the operation of the bath sound and prolongs the service life, and thus reduces the operating cost. According to the technical specifications of the motor and the assembled A motor that is significantly better than the current work' can work normally in an environment where the motor manufactured by the ordinary process cannot work or... For example, the present invention is particularly suitable for the manufacture of precision electric motors. In order to further understand the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the drawings and drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The electric motor according to the present invention includes an electromagnetic motor and a permanent magnet motor. The stator core and the rotor core of the electromagnetic motor are combined by a steel sheet and 1334254 is a stator core of a permanent magnet motor. Or one of the rotor cores is a permanent magnet, and the other one is made up of steel sheets. The following description of the present invention will be described by taking an electromagnetic motor as an example. Generally speaking, the motor is mainly composed of a stator, a rotor, a rotating shaft and an end cover ( In some electric motors, such as series-excited motors, the end cover in the following description includes a bracket, wherein the stator = stator core and stator are grouped, and the rotor includes a rotor core and a rotor winding. The improvement of the motor for the invention only involves the hardware part, so the details of the windings and other components are not given in this application. Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of an embodiment of the motor of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the motor is mainly; the package = the shaft 50 assembled together, the rotor core 20, the stator core 3〇, and the front end cover 10 and The rear end cover 40 (winding is not shown in the drawing). The specific structure of the stator core 30 and the rotor core 20 is as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively, which are superposed and rivet integrated by a plurality of punching sheets. After the punching of the stator core 3G or the rotor core 2G is completed, the stator core spring or the rotor core is integrally formed, and the end surface, the outer circumference and/or the inner hole are respectively ground by a precision grinding machine according to different needs. In order to ensure that the stator core or the rotor core 20 itself has a high degree of concentricity and cylindricity. As shown in Fig. 2, the stator core 3 consisting of a plurality of circular stator punches is distributed along the circumference. A plurality of rivet holes 32 are riveted by a plurality of rivets, and the number and distribution of the rivets are adjusted according to the change in the outer diameter of the stator core 3 and the thickness P, so that the punches constituting the stator core 30 are tight. Cooperate with each other, forming a wholeThe center of the stator core 30 is provided with an inner hole 33 for holding the rotor core 20. Further, a plurality of screw holes 31 uniformly distributed are provided at the same position 1334254 of each of the stator cores for fixing to the front and rear end covers ι and 40. After riveting a plurality of stator punches into a stator core, the present invention grinds the stator core of the riveted composite body, mainly comprising: planarly grinding the front and rear end faces of the stator core, so that the front and rear of the stator core are two The parallelism of the end faces does not exceed 〇·008mm, ·The inner hole of the stator core is internally rounded, the cylindricity of the inner hole circumference is increased, and the cylindrial deviation of the inner hole of the stator core is reduced; the outer circumference of the stator core is The outer circular grinding is performed to reduce the cylindricity deviation of the outer circumference of the stator core, so that the coaxiality of the outer circumference of the stator core and the inner hole and the front and rear end faces of the cylindrical and stator core formed by the outer circumference of the entire stator core can be improved. The verticality. In order to facilitate the close grinding of the outer circumference and the inner hole of the stator iron anger by using the existing cylindrical grinding machine and the internal cylindrical grinding machine, the periphery of the stator punching piece of the invention is a complete circular shape, so that compared with the conventional tweezers of FIG. The iron core shape design, the stator core of the invention has a more 2 machining precision. Due to the natural law of machining, the discontinuity of the outer circumference of the conventional stator iron piece is inevitably affected by the machining accuracy of the outer circumference, and the machining precision without the circular shape design is high. The accuracy is very bad. 0 3 3 It is known from the current factory that 'the punching piece that makes up the stator core is usually stamped with the ^^ material-rolled steel strip, (4) after passing through the straightener, but the mating piece still has A certain degree of curvature, no complete picture of Figure 2; shown, when a plurality of punches are pressed to the thickness of the surface =::: difference::: one side:: grinding processing with a modified amount of grinding Processing (thickness of the thickness of the sheet may not be sufficient for the remainder of the 7). The invention is in the "?": special: especially: obvious. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, the two end faces are superimposed on each of the two end faces - a piece of 1334254 thick steel sheet of 0.3 mm or more (the specific thickness is based on the stencil of the stator punching die, the thickness and outer diameter of the punching piece itself, and The straightness of the punch is adjusted.) 2 The stator core is riveted together with a plurality of punches, and then the various grinding processes described above are performed on the stator core. In this way, the stator core can be increased in thickness for end-face grinding, and the density of the stator core riveting and the stability after processing can be increased. y' Also, the rotor core of the present invention is superposed by a plurality of rotor punches and is synthesized. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotor core, 2G is provided with a central shaft hole 22, and a plurality of rivet holes 2 distributed along the circumference. The number and distribution of the rivet holes 21 are according to the outer diameter and thickness of the rotor core 20. The change is adjusted so that the punching pieces constituting the rotor core 20 are closely fitted together by the rivets, and are formed integrally with each other. After the plurality of rotor punches are riveted into a rotor core, the outer circumference of the rotor core is ground by an external cylindrical grinding machine to improve the dimensional accuracy of the rotor core. In the existing production process, the inner diameter of the stator core and the outer diameter of the rotor core are generally different. Η, if the tolerance between the two is 〇, the rotor core cannot be placed into the stator core during assembly. Inside the inner hole; if the tolerance value is less than 0.7 coffee, there will be iron filings during the stamping, which will easily damage the mold and cause inconvenience to mass production. The improved assembly of the stator core and the rotor core of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 3. 'The stator punch and the rotor punch of the present invention are designed with a 〇 to 0 when stamping (for example, if the stator is punched during stamping) The inner diameter of the inner hole is 52 coffee', and the outer diameter of the rotor punching piece is also I), and then the inner core of the stator core and the outer circumference of the rotor core are ground by the above-mentioned grinding process, and both the stator core and the rotor core are both. The air gap between them is reduced to a minimum of 1334*254 inches', that is, the air gap spacing can be less than or equal to 〇175 coffee, so that the torque of the motor can be increased to improve the power factor. For example, when the punching diameter is 52, the inner diameter of the stator core is 52 2 mm after the grinding, and the external control of the rotor iron anger is 51.85 mm. The rotating shaft of the motor of the invention can adopt the non-recording steel material of the model type, and after the heat treatment, reaches the hardness of 45_5 爿, after the finishing, the head-to-tail size error of the whole rotating shaft does not exceed, and the outer circumference does not jump. When the time is exceeded, the rotating shaft is directly pressed into the rotating shaft hole of the rotor core, so that the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft is completely in contact with the surface of the rotating shaft hole of the rotor core, so as to achieve full contact tight fit, so that a large torque can be withstood' The rotor does not rotate due to excessive torque, and the shaft does not move. The brother's improves the durability of the motor. Generally, when the tightness between the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft of the rotor core is less than or equal to u15mm _, that is, the diameter of the rotating shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating shaft of the rotor core by at most G G15mm, the full contact tight fit can be described. . Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are schematic views showing the three-dimensional structure and assembly of the end cap of the prior art. The conventional end cap generally has only the left and right portions of the left end in contact with the end faces of the stator core, and the portion of the circumference at the position a shown in FIG. 9 is (4) compared with the stator (four), and (10) is not stable, and the shape is ' It is difficult to obtain a moth for the coaxiality of the bearing holes of the front and rear end caps. The invention rides on the structure of the front and rear end caps, and the figure is shown in the figure: not the schematic structure of the front end cover 1〇. The front end cover 1 includes and the stator support portion (1). The lower end of the stator support portion 12 has a hollow column shape, and a stepped opening Β is provided on the inner side of the hollow cylinder. The thickness of the 1334*254 working core cylinder And the depth of the mouth can be adjusted according to factors such as the outer diameter of the stator core and the size of the end cap. The front end cover 10 is further provided with a plurality of screw holes 16 corresponding to the stator core at the position of the stopper 15. When assembling, the front end cover 10 is fastened to the end surface of the stator core 3 through the hollow cylindrical lower end and is fastened to the outer circumferential surface of the stator core, and passes through the screw hole on the stopper 15 16 is fastened with the stator core and the rear end cap with screws. The improved end cover is positioned with the outer circumference of the stator iron 4 after grinding as a reference point, and the front and rear end covers are fastened on the outer circumference of the stator core, so that the coaxiality between the front and rear end covers and the stator core It is guaranteed to have high coaxial accuracy. In addition, the present invention provides an improved positioning of the bearings on the end caps. As shown in the figure, the bearing housing 13 on the front end cover is equipped with a bearing and a rotating shaft, and the inner and outer sides of the bearing housing 13 are respectively provided with a bearing cover 14 which is fixed to the bearing housing 13 by screws, thereby clamping the bearing from the end surface. Between the two bearing caps 14. When the shaft and bearing are not enough, the fine adjustment can be made by adjusting the position of the two bearing caps. The rear end cover 40 has the same structural design as the front end cover 10 and will not be described again. Hereinafter, the cracking of the improved motor of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 : "T first, a plurality of rotating punches are riveted to form a rotor core, and a plurality of stator punches and thick steels respectively superposed on both ends are respectively combined. The piece is riveted to form the stator iron \ then 'according to the precision requirements' using a precision grinding machine to grind the outer circumference of the rotor core and the end ends of the stator core 'back to the outer 0 weeks and the inner hole, and then the motor assembly.奘 When assembling, 'Turn the shaft 50 straight 1334*254 into the shaft hole of the ground rotor core 2G, so that the rotary squeezing is in full contact with the shaft hole of the rotor core 20; then the rotor iron: 20 sets in the inner hole of the stator core 30 'Because the diameter of the rotor core and the inner diameter of the inner hole of the stator core are designed by 〇, the air gap between the two is less than or equal to 0.175 mm; Then, the hollow cylindrical lower ends of the front end cover 1 and the rear end 40 are respectively fastened to the outer circumferential surfaces of both ends of the stator core, and the stepped opening 15 on the end cover abuts against the end face of the stator core. The stator core is fixed to the front and rear end caps by screws. The various improvements of the present invention have been described above by taking an electromagnetic motor as an example. The above improvements of the invention are equally applicable to permanent magnet motors. For example, when the stator core is a permanent magnet and the rotor core is a steel sheet, after the magnet and the outer casing constituting the stator core are dried, the outer circumference and the two end faces of the outer casing are subjected to external grinding and plane grinding according to the foregoing method. The inner hole of the stator core is ground by an internal grinding machine. The treatment of the rotor core is the same as that of the electromagnetic motor described above. For example, when the stator core is a steel sheet and the rotor core is a permanent magnet, the corresponding portions of the stator core and the rotor core can be polished by the electromagnetic motor method to improve the accuracy. The structural improvement and assembly method described in the second section is also applicable to permanent magnet motors. The present invention may be embodied in other different embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The present invention is to be construed as illustrative and not restrictive. Any modification or substitution made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention shall be included within the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an assembly structure of an embodiment of a motor according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an end face of a stator core according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an end face of a stator core of the prior art; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a stator core according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Structure is shown in ESI · circle, Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of the stator core before processing; Fig. 7 is a side view of the stator core after grinding in one embodiment of the invention; Fig. 8 is a prior art end FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the motor in the prior art; FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the end cover according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is another embodiment of the end cover shown in FIG. Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the angle. [Main component symbol description] Stator support part 12 Bearing cover 14 Screw hole 16 Rivet hole 21 Stator core 30 Front end cover 10 Bearing seat 13 Stop 15 Rotor core 20 Rotary hole 22 17 1334254 Screw hole 31 Rivet 孑 L 32 Inside 孑L 33 Rear end cover 40 Rotary shaft 50 ❿ 18