九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種變頻器電路，且特別是有關於一 種空調機最小輸入功率控制方法。 【先前技術】 隨著國内經濟之快速成長、國民所得日益增加及高科 技工業之迅速發展’空調設備在台灣已成為人們生活上、 工作上不可或缺的必需品之一。但是，為人們所感困擾的 是，不得不使用冷氣空調之下，消費者必須付出的代價， 即為所費不貲的能源耗費。近幾年來，夏季天氣持續高 溫，以及產業之倍增發展，促使空調設備被大量使用，也 因此造成空調系統所消耗的電力，高達產業用電量的 40%〜50%。因此，若能提昇空調機的能源使用效率，相信 在促進空調系統節能、降低用電量上，必然會有所助益。 傳統的空調機採用“啟動、關閉”連續間歇方式來調 控溫度’不但造成室溫氣溫忽冷忽熱，而且，機器在啟動 不久之後，接著又馬上關閉之電控方式，在啟動時會耗費 較咼的電功率。因此，近來空調系統製造業者已逐漸改採 變頻控制方式來節省用電量。 參照第1圖’係為習知空調機之變頻切換控制電路的 電路圖。 參照第2圖，係為習知空調機之變頻器主電路的電路 圖0 1331202 參照第1圖與第2圖，一種習知空調機的變頻切換控 制電路101係採三相正弦脈寬調變（Sinus〇idal pulse width modulation，SPWM)技術，而空調機之變頻器開關主電路 102疋採變頻切換控制電路1 〇 1作spwM切換控制。其中， Vco«fr。/，^、vc⑽fr。/，5和Vc〇;im^，c為三相平衡互差120。之可變大小 及頻率的正弦波控制信號’而三角載波之頻率決定開關 的切換頻率。當〉〜或Vc〇_/ i? >〜或c〉〜 時’則比較器輸出mgh信號；若<心或<心 或〜時，則輸出Low信號；所產生的High及L〇w 信號，再經由互鎖迴路分別送至TA+、TA-、TB+、TB_、 TC與TC /、個開關，藉開啟開關不同的導通時間，達到 控制變頻器輸入端的功率，進而對空調機調控其操作功 率’以期獲得變頻省能之使用效果。 參照第3圖，係為習知變頻控制電路之脈寬調變電壓 振幅的曲線圖。此圖中，其在某固定工作頻率下脈寬調變 電壓振幅v*contr。丨的值係固定不變的。 參照第4圖，係為習知變頻控制電路在某工作頻率下 之輸入功率響應曲線圖。此圖中，其輸入功率在固定負載 穩定狀態下，幾乎是不會變動的。 此外，雖然習知空調機之變頻控制電路結構，可以解 決傳統空調機採用“啟動、關閉”連續間歇方式來調控溫 度的缺點，但是由第3圖所示’觀得習知之變頻控制電路 結構，於空調機在穩態下運作時，由於其正弦控制信號電 壓振幅V contr()|(V，伏特）均維持在固定電壓點。因此，如 6IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a frequency converter circuit, and more particularly to a method for controlling a minimum input power of an air conditioner. [Prior Art] With the rapid growth of the domestic economy, the increasing national income and the rapid development of the high-tech industry, air-conditioning equipment has become one of the indispensable necessities in people's lives and work in Taiwan. However, what is disturbing to people is that they have to use the air-conditioning under air-conditioning, and the price that consumers must pay is the cost of energy. In recent years, the summer weather has continued to be high and the industry has doubled, which has led to the large-scale use of air-conditioning equipment. As a result, the electricity consumed by air-conditioning systems has reached 40% to 50% of the electricity consumption of the industry. Therefore, if the energy efficiency of the air conditioner can be improved, it is believed that it will certainly help to promote the energy saving of the air conditioning system and reduce the power consumption. The traditional air conditioner adopts the "start, close" continuous intermittent mode to regulate the temperature' not only causes the room temperature to be cold and hot, but also the electronic control mode after the machine is started shortly and then immediately shuts down. The electric power of 咼. Therefore, recently, air conditioner system manufacturers have gradually adopted variable frequency control methods to save power consumption. Referring to Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a variable frequency switching control circuit of a conventional air conditioner. Referring to Fig. 2, it is a circuit diagram of a main circuit of a conventional air conditioner of the air conditioner. 0 1331202 Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, a conventional frequency conversion switching control circuit 101 of an air conditioner adopts a three-phase sinusoidal pulse width modulation ( Sinus〇idal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technology, and the inverter switch main circuit 102 of the air conditioner adopts the frequency conversion switching control circuit 1 〇1 for spwM switching control. Among them, Vco«fr. /,^, vc(10)fr. /, 5 and Vc〇; im^, c is a three-phase balance mutual difference 120. The variable size and frequency of the sine wave control signal 'and the frequency of the triangular carrier determine the switching frequency of the switch. When >~ or Vc〇_/i? >~ or c>~" then the comparator outputs the mgh signal; if <heart or <heart or ~, the Low signal is output; the generated High and L〇 w signal, then sent to TA+, TA-, TB+, TB_, TC and TC /, respectively through the interlock circuit, by turning on the different on-time of the switch to control the power of the input end of the inverter, and then regulating the air conditioner Operating power 'in order to obtain the effect of frequency conversion energy saving. Referring to Fig. 3, it is a graph of the pulse width modulation voltage amplitude of a conventional variable frequency control circuit. In this figure, the pulse width modulation voltage amplitude v*contr is at a fixed operating frequency. The value of 丨 is fixed. Referring to Fig. 4, it is a graph of input power response of a conventional variable frequency control circuit at a certain operating frequency. In this figure, the input power is almost unchanged during a fixed load steady state. In addition, although the frequency conversion control circuit structure of the conventional air conditioner can solve the shortcoming of the conventional air conditioner adopting the "starting and closing" continuous intermittent mode to regulate the temperature, the structure of the inverter control circuit which is known from the figure 3 is When the air conditioner operates in a steady state, its voltage amplitude V contr()|(V, volts) is maintained at a fixed voltage point due to its sinusoidal control signal. So, like 6
相對亦需負擔高昂的能源花費， 之道。 瓦特）相對也是固 4圖可知，輸入功率約 『者而言，高功率之耗 故有必要再尋求解決 【發明内容】 為改善先前技術之缺點，本發明之主要目的就是在提 供:種空調機最小輸人功率控财法，其侧帛空調機在 作下作直鏈輸入電流之增減擾動，再觀察變頻 益直流鏈輸入功率之變化，而據此微調變頻器PWM控制 參考信號正弦波的振幅，以控制直流鏈輸入功率隨時維持 在最小值，用以解決習知空調機變頻控制電路結構之仍產 生高輸入功率’造成能源耗費的缺點。 根據本發明提出之一種空調機最小輸入功率控制方 法’包含以下步驟： 步驟（A):擷取一變頻器直流鏈輸入電壓信號與一直 /氣鏈輸入電流信號’依此直流鍵輸入信號，以求出一直流 鏈輸入功率。 步驟（B):判斷此直流鏈輸入電流信號之變化量與上 一次取樣值作比較是否大於零。 步驟（C):若此直流鏈輸入電流信號之變化量大於 零’再判斷此直流鏈輸入功率之變化量（與上一次取樣值作 比較）是否小於零。 1331202 換/驅動電路之間’該控制裝置係操取該濾波電路中的一直 流鏈電壓及電流輸入信號，並依此輸入信號求出一輸入功 率，再將此輸入電流仏號與上一次取樣值比較，同時將此 時之輸入功率與上一次輸入功率值比較，由輸入電流及輸 入功率值之變化量情形，用以改變此變頻器之脈寬調變參 考信號的電壓振幅，使空調機維持於最小輸入功率點附近 運作。 本發明係擷取直流鏈之輸入電壓與電流信號，並求出 直流鏈輸入功率之後，藉由改變變頻器pWM控制參考信 號之振幅Vct>ntrQl，使其直流鏈輸入電流Idc作增減，即可 控制直流鏈輸入功率pin隨時維持在最小值，以達到降低 空調機之操作功率的使用功效。 【實施方式】 參照第5圖，係為本發明一實施例空調機之最小輸入 功率控制方法的控制流程圖。 參照、第6圖’係為本發明之空調機變頻電路控制系統 的電路方塊圖。 參照第5圖與第6圖，本發明之空調機最小輸入功率 控制方法，包含以下步驟： 步驟一：如流程201，擷取一變頻器直流鏈輸入電壓 ^號與一直流鏈輸入電流信號，依此直流鏈輸入電壓及電 流信號’以求出一直流鏈輸入功率。 步驟二：如流程202，判斷此直流鏈輸入電流變化量 9 1331202 是否大於零或小於零。 步驟三：如流程203，若此直流鏈輸入電流變化量大 於零’再判斷此直流鏈輸入功率變化量（與上一次取樣值作 比較）是否小於零。 步驟四.如流程204，若此直流鏈輸入功率變化量小 於零，則增加此變頻器調變控制信號之大小（表示此時直流 鏈輸入電流之增加，使得輸入功率減少，故可繼續增加輸 入電流，使輸入功率朝最小功率點方向追蹤）。 步驟五：如流程205,若此直流鏈輸入功率變化量大 於零，則減少此變頻器調變控制信號之大小（表示此時直流 鏈輸入電流之增加，使得輸人功率增加，故應減少輸入電 流，使輸入功率反方向朝最小功率點追蹤）。 步驟六.如流程206，若步驟二之直流鏈輸入電流變 化量小於零，再判斷此直流鏈輸入功率之變化量（與上一次 取樣值作比較）是否小於零。 ，驟七：如流程207,若步驟六的直流鏈輸入功率之 變化量小於零’則減少此變頻器調變控制信號之大小(表示 此時直流鏈輸人電流之減少’使得輸人功率減少，故可繼 續減少輸入電流’使輸入功率朝最小功率點方向追蹤)。 步驟八.如流程208，若步驟六的直流鏈輸入功率變 化量大於零，則增加變頻器調變控制信號之大小(表示此時 直抓鏈輸人電流之減少，使得輪人功率增加，故應增加輪 入電流，使輸入功率反方向朝最小功率點追蹤” 步驟九·如流程209，調整調變控制信號之正弦波振 10 丄 =’使空㈣轉於最小輸人功率運[在增 頻器調變控制作-减乂變 。〜（正弦波）之振幅後，再返回流程 如此週而復始的捭蟢3 υ1， 符續追蹤，直到關閉空調機為止。 ^ 第7圖係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方 的追蹤模式一工作情形的曲線圖。 ' 第8圖係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方沐 的追蹤模式二工作情形的曲線圖。 、Relatively, it also requires high energy costs. Watt) is also a solid map, the input power is about "the high power consumption needs to seek to solve the problem" [invention content] In order to improve the shortcomings of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide: a type of air conditioner The minimum input power control method, the side air conditioner is used for the increase and decrease of the linear input current, and then observe the change of the input power of the inverter DC link, and according to this, fine-tune the inverter PWM control reference signal sine wave The amplitude is controlled to maintain the minimum value of the DC link input power at any time to solve the shortcomings of the conventional high-input power generation of the air conditioner frequency conversion control circuit structure. According to the present invention, a minimum input power control method for an air conditioner includes the following steps: Step (A): extracting a DC link input voltage signal of the inverter and a constant/gas chain input current signal 'According to the DC key input signal, Find the constant stream input power. Step (B): determining whether the amount of change in the DC link input current signal is greater than zero from the previous sample value. Step (C): If the change amount of the DC link input current signal is greater than zero, it is judged whether the change amount of the DC link input power (compared with the previous sample value) is less than zero. 1331202 between the switching circuit and the driving circuit, the control device operates the DC link voltage and current input signals in the filter circuit, and obtains an input power according to the input signal, and then inputs the input current nickname and the last sampling. The value is compared, and the input power at this time is compared with the previous input power value, and the change amount of the input current and the input power value is used to change the voltage amplitude of the pulse width modulation reference signal of the frequency converter, so that the air conditioner Maintain operation near the minimum input power point. The invention draws the input voltage and current signals of the DC link, and obtains the DC link input power, and then changes the amplitude of the reference signal of the frequency converter pWM to control the amplitude of the reference signal Vct>ntrQl, so that the DC link input current Idc is increased or decreased, that is, The control DC link input power pin can be maintained at a minimum at any time to reduce the operating power of the air conditioner. [Embodiment] FIG. 5 is a control flow chart of a method for controlling a minimum input power of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. Reference Fig. 6 is a circuit block diagram of the inverter circuit control system of the air conditioner of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the minimum input power control method for the air conditioner of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to the process 201, extracting a DC link input voltage of the inverter and a DC input current signal, According to the DC link input voltage and current signal 'to find the DC link input power. Step 2: As in process 202, determine whether the DC link input current change amount 9 1331202 is greater than zero or less than zero. Step 3: If, according to the process 203, if the DC link input current change amount is greater than zero, it is determined whether the DC link input power change amount (compared with the previous sample value) is less than zero. Step 4. If the DC link input power variation is less than zero, increase the size of the inverter modulation control signal (indicating that the DC link input current increases at this time, so that the input power is reduced, so the input can be continuously increased). Current, so that the input power is tracked towards the minimum power point). Step 5: If the DC link input power variation is greater than zero, the magnitude of the inverter modulation control signal is reduced (indicating that the DC link input current increases at this time, so that the input power increases, so the input should be reduced). Current, so that the input power is reversed toward the minimum power point). Step 6. If the DC link input current change amount in step 2 is less than zero, it is determined whether the change amount of the DC link input power (compared with the previous sample value) is less than zero. Step 7: If the change of the DC link input power in step 6 is less than zero', the size of the inverter modulation control signal is reduced (indicating the decrease of the DC link input current at this time), so that the input power is reduced. Therefore, the input current can be continuously reduced to track the input power toward the minimum power point. Step VIII. If the change of the DC link input power of step 6 is greater than zero, the magnitude of the inverter modulation control signal is increased (indicating that the direct-catch chain input current decreases at this time, so that the wheel power is increased, so The wheeling current should be increased so that the input power is tracked in the opposite direction toward the minimum power point. Step 9: As in process 209, adjust the sinusoidal vibration of the modulation control signal 10 丄 = 'empty (four) to the minimum input power. The frequency modulation control is used to reduce the amplitude of the ~(sine wave), and then return to the process 如此3 υ1, which continues to follow the cycle until the air conditioner is turned off. ^ Figure 7 is the invention The tracking mode of the minimum power controller of the air conditioner is a graph of the working situation. ' Fig. 8 is a graph showing the working mode of the tracking mode of the minimum power control of the air conditioner of the present invention.
參照第9圖，係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方法 的追蹤模式三工作情形的曲線圖。 參照第10圖，係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方 法的追蹤模式四工作情形的曲線圖。 至於本發明之最小功率追蹤策略，係將直流鏈輸入電 流信號（/*)之變化，相對直流鏈輸入功率（及）之影響，擬 出四種工作模式，以下茲將相關變數的定義說明如下： ΔReferring to Fig. 9, it is a graph showing the three operation modes of the tracking mode of the minimum power control method of the air conditioner of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 10, there is shown a graph of the four operating conditions of the tracking mode of the minimum power control method of the air conditioner of the present invention. As for the minimum power tracking strategy of the present invention, the change of the DC link input current signal (/*) is compared with the influence of the DC link input power (and), and four working modes are proposed. The definitions of the relevant variables are as follows: : Δ
⑻-Ρ(«一 1):在第η個取樣時刻之直流鏈輸入功率 變化量。 Δ :在第η個取樣時刻之直流鏈輸入電流變化 量。 A (w):在第η個取樣時刻之直流鏈輸入功率。 A _ 1).在第（η-1)個取樣時刻之直流鏈輸入功率。 40):在第η個取樣時刻之直流鏈輸入電流。 :在第（η-1)個取樣時刻之直流鏈輸入電流。 :在調控直流鏈電流大小時所欲追求之最小輸入功率 11 1331202 工作點。 當ΔΡ〇) <0時，代表目前之輸入功率較上一次值為 小，輸入功率正在減少，即空調機輸入功率正往户mm點追 蹤逼近。反之，當ΔΡ(η) >0時，代表空調機輸入功率為遠 離4。 追蹤模式一： 參照第7圖，若在第η個取樣時刻，輸入電流之增加 (Δ/(η)>0)，導致輸入功率之下降（ΔΡ(«)<0)，則此時空調 機之輸入功率正往Pmin點追蹤。因此，下一取樣時刻之 PWM參考信號振幅 ^control 須增加，讓直流鏈輸入電流4之 大小繼續增加，使空調機之輸入功率能繼續往Pmin點追蹤 逼近。 追蹤模式二： 參照第8圖，若在第η個取樣時刻，輸入電流之增加 (Δ/〇)>0)，導致輸入功率之增加（ΔΡ(«) > 0)，則此時空調 機之輸入功率正離開Pmin點，因此下一取樣時刻之PWM參 考信號振幅 ^control 須減少，以降低直流鏈輸入電流4之大 小，使空調機之輸入功率反向往Pmin點追蹤。 追蹤模式三： 參照第9圖，在第η個取樣時刻，輸入電流之減少 (Δ7⑻<0)，導致輸入功率之減少（ΔΡ〇)<0)，則此時空調 12 1331202 機之輪入功率正往_Fmin點追蹤，因此下一取樣時刻之pWM 參考彳&號振幅須減少，讓直流鏈輸入電流4之大小 繼續減少，使空調機之輸入功率繼續往巧^點追蹤逼近。 追蹤模式四： 參照第10圖，在第η個取樣時刻，若輸入電流之減 少（Δ/(«) <〇)，導致輸入功率之增加（八^(万）> 〇)，則此時空 調機之輸入功率正離開Pmin點，因此，下一取樣時刻之 PWM參考彳5號振幅Fcwiir<)/須増加，以增加直流鏈輸入電流 4之大小，使空調機之輸入功率反向往pmin點追蹤。 如上述四種工作狀態’可歸納出本發明此控制策略的 法則為： 一、 如ΔΡ(«)為負值，輸入功率正朝pmin方向遞減中， 則直流鏈輸入電流依其原增減方向繼續增減（即輸入電流 原來若為增加，則繼續增加；原來若為減少，則繼續減少）。 二、 反之，如△PW)為正值，則直流鏈輸入電流依反 方向增減（即輸入電流原來若為增加，則須減少；原來若為 減少’則須增加）。 參照第6圖，本發明之空調機變頻器電路控制系統 200,包含有一電源裝置21〇、一變頻器主電路22〇、—開 關切換/驅動電路230與一控制裝置24〇。 該電源裝置210,包含一整流電路211，以及一濾波電 路212。該渡波電路212電連接於該整流電路2丨丨的輸出 13 1331202 端0 參照第11圖，係為本發明連接於開關切換/驅動電路 與變頻器主電路之控制裝置的方塊圖。 參照第6圖與第11圖，該變頻器主電路22〇,電連接 在該濾波電路212與一空調機250之間，提供可變頻率之 電源供給該空調機250’以調控該空調機250之操作功率。(8)-Ρ(«一 1): DC link input power variation at the nth sampling instant. Δ : DC link input current variation at the nth sampling time. A (w): DC link input power at the nth sampling instant. A _ 1). DC link input power at the (n-1)th sampling instant. 40): DC link input current at the nth sampling instant. : DC link input current at the (n-1)th sampling instant. : The minimum input power to be pursued when regulating the magnitude of the DC link current 11 1331202 Operating point. When ΔΡ〇) < 0, it means that the current input power is smaller than the previous value, and the input power is decreasing, that is, the input power of the air conditioner is going to the home point to track the approximation. On the other hand, when ΔΡ(η) > 0, it means that the input power of the air conditioner is far from 4. Tracking mode 1: Referring to Figure 7, if the input current increases (Δ/(η)>0) at the nth sampling time, resulting in a drop in input power (ΔΡ(«)<0), then The input power of the air conditioner is being tracked to the Pmin point. Therefore, the amplitude of the PWM reference signal ^control at the next sampling time must be increased to allow the DC link input current 4 to continue to increase, so that the input power of the air conditioner can continue to track the approach to the Pmin point. Tracking mode 2: Referring to Fig. 8, if the input current increases (Δ/〇) > 0) at the nth sampling time, resulting in an increase in input power (ΔΡ(«) > 0), then the air conditioner The input power of the machine is leaving the Pmin point, so the PWM reference signal amplitude ^control of the next sampling time must be reduced to reduce the DC link input current 4, so that the input power of the air conditioner is reversed to the Pmin point. Tracking mode 3: Referring to Figure 9, at the nth sampling time, the input current decreases (Δ7(8) < 0), resulting in a decrease in input power (ΔΡ〇) <0), then the air conditioner 12 1331202 The power is being tracked to the _Fmin point, so the amplitude of the pWM reference 彳& must be reduced at the next sampling time, so that the DC link input current 4 continues to decrease, so that the input power of the air conditioner continues to track the approach. Tracking mode 4: Referring to Figure 10, at the nth sampling time, if the input current decreases (Δ/(«) <〇), resulting in an increase in input power (eight^(million)> 〇), then When the input power of the air conditioner is leaving the Pmin point, the PWM reference 彳5 amplitude Fcwiir<)/ of the next sampling moment is added to increase the DC link input current 4, and the input power of the air conditioner is reversed to pmin. Point tracking. As the above four working states can be summarized, the rule of the control strategy of the present invention is as follows: 1. If ΔΡ(«) is a negative value and the input power is decreasing toward the pmin direction, the DC link input current is increased or decreased according to its original direction. Continue to increase or decrease (that is, if the input current is originally increased, it will continue to increase; if it is reduced, it will continue to decrease). 2. Conversely, if ΔPW is positive, the DC link input current increases or decreases in the opposite direction (ie, if the input current is originally increased, it must be reduced; if it is reduced, it must be increased). Referring to Fig. 6, the air conditioner inverter circuit control system 200 of the present invention comprises a power supply unit 21, a frequency converter main circuit 22, a switch switching/driving circuit 230 and a control unit 24A. The power supply device 210 includes a rectifier circuit 211 and a filter circuit 212. The wave circuit 212 is electrically connected to the output of the rectifier circuit 2 13 13 1331202 terminal 0 Referring to FIG. 11 , it is a block diagram of the control device connected to the switch switching/driving circuit and the inverter main circuit of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 11, the inverter main circuit 22 is electrically connected between the filter circuit 212 and an air conditioner 250, and supplies a variable frequency power to the air conditioner 250' to regulate the air conditioner 250. Operating power.
該開關切換/驅動電路230，與變頻器主電路22〇電連 接，並且包含六個功率半導體開關（TA+、TA-、TB+、TB-、 tc+與tc六個開關）’用以控制該變頻器主電路22〇之輸 出電源頻率。 該控制裝置240,連接在該濾波電路212的輸出端與 該開關切換/驅動電路2 3 〇之間。該控制裝置2 4 〇係擷取該 $波電路212中的直流鏈輸入電壓及電流信號，並據此計 异出直流鏈之輸入功率。根據直流鏈輸入電流信號變化量 大於或小於零，再觀察此時直流鏈輸入功率變化量大於戋The switch switching/driving circuit 230 is electrically connected to the inverter main circuit 22, and includes six power semiconductor switches (TA+, TA-, TB+, TB-, tc+ and tc six switches) 'to control the inverter The output power frequency of the main circuit 22〇. The control device 240 is connected between the output of the filter circuit 212 and the switch switching/driving circuit 2 3 。. The control device 24 draws the DC link input voltage and current signals in the $wave circuit 212, and accordingly calculates the input power of the DC link. According to the DC chain input current signal change amount is greater than or less than zero, then observe that the DC link input power change is greater than 戋
J於零決疋變頻器之調變控制信號振幅大小，藉以控^ 直机鏈輸入電流信號，使空調機維持運作在逼近於 入功率之工作點上。 、取小輸 此外，根據第11圖之控制策略，其中没糾 為： 我J adjusts the amplitude of the modulation control signal of the inverter to zero, so as to control the input current signal of the straight chain, so that the air conditioner maintains operation at the working point close to the input power. In addition, according to the control strategy of Figure 11, which is not corrected: I
Sign(AP(n))L 1 ; ΔΡ〇ζ) < 〇 I -1 ； AP(n) > 〇 式(1) 式（1)的控制法則：及(吵之作用在取得目前輸入 14 功率之變化方向。及gn(AP(«))和Λ/(η)相乘後，經比例控制 器心’可得變頻器脈寬調變之參考信號振幅的命令增量 ^ ^control ’而t則用以調整控制之靈敏度。 AVc〇ntr〇i = kpAI(n)Sign(AP(n)) 式(2) 式（2)的控制法則：由第7圖與第9圖可知，當 &gn(AP(«)) = l時，代表目前輸入功率正往最小輸入功率點 匕追蹤’此時若繼續保持參考信號振幅之原增減方向， 則可使工作點繼續往最小功率點追蹤。而直流鏈輸入電 流/dc之原追蹤方向可由Δ/⑻判斷。因此^^ΚΔΡΟφχΔ/⑻經 一比例控制器’即可得變頻器脈寬調變之參考信號振幅所 需之增減量ΔΚ_。，。 由第8圖與第1〇圖可知，當汾g„(AP(«)) = -l時，代表 目前輸入功率正離開最小輸入功率點，故此時必須改變 變頻器脈寬調變之參考信號振幅之原增減方向，才能使工 作點往最小功率點追蹤。改變直流鏈輸入電流之增 減方向可由-Δ7⑻決定，其中負號已由決定，故 •S设《(ΔΡ(«))χ Δ7⑻經一比例控制器，即可為變頻器脈寬調變 之參考信號振幅增量ΔΓ ,。 control 所得變頻器脈寬調變之參考信號振幅增量Δ匕_,加上 目前使用之振幅，，即可得變頻器脈寬調變之振幅 匕如此，經由PWM變頻器控制機構即可達成所欲之 輸入功率最小化。 15 •由於變頻器為二相交流輸出，故變頻器調變參考信號 I亦須產生三相平衡之參考信號'—、V—及Sign(AP(n))L 1 ; ΔΡ〇ζ) < 〇I -1 ; AP(n) > 〇(1) The governing rule of equation (1): and (the role of noisy in obtaining the current input 14 The direction of change of power. After multiplying gn(AP(«)) and Λ/(η), the proportional controller heart can obtain the command increment of the reference signal amplitude of the inverter pulse width modulation ^^control ' t is used to adjust the sensitivity of the control. AVc〇ntr〇i = kpAI(n)Sign(AP(n)) Equation (2) The governing rule of equation (2): It can be seen from Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 that when &;gn(AP(«)) = l, which means that the current input power is going to the minimum input power point 匕 tracking 'At this time, if the original increase or decrease direction of the reference signal amplitude is maintained, the working point can continue to track to the minimum power point. The original tracking direction of the DC link input current /dc can be judged by Δ/(8). Therefore, ^^ΚΔΡΟφχΔ/(8) can obtain the increase/decrease amount ΔΚ_ required by the reference signal amplitude of the inverter pulse width modulation through a proportional controller. It can be seen from Fig. 8 and Fig. 1 that when 汾g„(AP(«)) = -l, it means that the current input power is leaving the minimum input power point, so the inverter pulse width must be changed at this time. Change the original signal increase or decrease direction of the reference signal amplitude to track the working point to the minimum power point. Changing the direction of the DC link input current can be determined by -Δ7(8), where the negative sign has been determined, so • S set "(ΔΡ( «)) χ Δ7(8) can be the reference signal amplitude increment ΔΓ of the inverter pulse width modulation via a proportional controller. The control signal amplitude increment Δ匕_ of the inverter pulse width modulation is obtained. By using the amplitude, the amplitude of the inverter pulse width modulation can be obtained, and the desired input power can be minimized by the PWM inverter control mechanism. 15 • Since the inverter is a two-phase AC output, the inverter The modulated reference signal I must also generate a three-phase balanced reference signal '-, V- and
Vc_/，C °在產生三相平衡之參考信號過程中，其d系採 相同值’僅須再個·上相差M m。之三相平衡的單 位弦波即可》 /第12圖，係為採用本發明之變頻控制電路的脈 寬調變參考信號電壓振幅的曲線圖。 ，’’’、第13圖，係為採用本發明之變頻控制電路的輸 入功率響應曲線圖。 經由上述說明’相較於第3圖中習知變頻控制電路之 脈寬調變參考正弦波信號的電壓振幅為固定值而言；由第 12*圖可看出，本發明之脈寬調變控制信號的電壓振幅，是 隨著時間而不斷地作改變。 再相較於第4圖中習知空調機之輪入功率維持在2〇〇〇 瓦特(w)高功率值而言；由第13圖所示，本發明的輪出功 率在1〇〇秒⑷時，已能大幅降低至18〇〇瓦特（w)左右。 因此，可證明本發明空調機最小功率控制方法及系 統’確實能夠有效降低空調機的操作功率，以解決消費者 使用空調設備耗能之問題’並且兼具環保效益之功用。 雖然本發明已以一實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限 疋本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和 範圍内，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範 圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 圖式簡單說明 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、 能更明释具陰 将徵、優點與實施例 乃員易懂，所附圖式之詳細說明如下·· 圖。第1圖’係為習知空調機之變頻切換控制電路的電路 為習知空調機之變頻器主電路的電路圖。 係為習知變頻控制電路之脈寬調 電壓振幅的曲線圖。 脈寬調變參考k唬 圖。第4圖，係為習知變頻控制電路之輸入功率響應曲線 控制流I:本發明-實施例之空調— 路方=圖，料本發明之空調機變頻電路控制系統的電 縱槿-V _目係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方法的追 、工一工作情形的曲線圖。 縱禮+目係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方法的追 縱模式二工作情形的曲線圖。 ，9圖’係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方法的追 模式三工作情形的曲線圖。 第W圖，係為本發明之空調機最小功率控制方法的 追蹤模式四卫作情料曲線圖。 第11圖，係為本發明連接於開關切換/驅動電路與變 17 1331202 頻器主電路之控制裝置方塊圖。 第12圖，係為採用本發明之變頻控制電路的脈寬調 變參考信號電壓振幅的曲線圖。 第13圖，係為採用本發明之變頻控制電路的輸入功 率響應曲線圖。Vc_/, C ° in the process of generating a three-phase balanced reference signal, the d-series adopt the same value' only need another one upper phase difference M m . The three-phase balanced unit sine wave can be / / Fig. 12 is a graph of the voltage amplitude of the pulse width modulation reference signal using the variable frequency control circuit of the present invention. , ''', and Fig. 13 are graphs showing the input power response of the variable frequency control circuit of the present invention. Through the above description, the voltage amplitude of the reference sinusoidal signal of the conventional variable frequency control circuit of FIG. 3 is a fixed value; as can be seen from the 12th figure, the pulse width modulation of the present invention The voltage amplitude of the control signal is constantly changing over time. The wheel power of the conventional air conditioner in Fig. 4 is maintained at a high power value of 2 watts (w); as shown in Fig. 13, the wheel power of the present invention is 1 〇〇 second. At (4), it has been reduced to approximately 18 watts (w). Therefore, it can be proved that the minimum power control method and system of the air conditioner of the present invention can effectively reduce the operating power of the air conditioner to solve the problem of energy consumption of the air conditioner using the consumer' and has the function of environmental protection. While the invention has been described above by way of an embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention may be variously modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to make the above and other objects of the present invention more apparent, the advantages and embodiments of the present invention are readily apparent. Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a frequency conversion switching control circuit of a conventional air conditioner, which is a circuit diagram of a main circuit of a frequency converter of a conventional air conditioner. It is a graph of the pulse width modulation voltage amplitude of the conventional variable frequency control circuit. Pulse width modulation reference k唬 map. Figure 4 is an input power response curve control flow of the conventional variable frequency control circuit I: air conditioner - road side = diagram of the present invention - the electric vertical 槿 -V _ of the air conditioner frequency conversion circuit control system of the present invention The figure is a graph of the chasing and working conditions of the minimum power control method of the air conditioner of the present invention. The ritual + target is a graph of the working mode of the chasing mode 2 of the minimum power control method of the air conditioner of the present invention. 9 is a graph of the working mode of the chasing mode of the minimum power control method of the air conditioner of the present invention. The Fig. W is a graph of the tracking mode of the minimum power control method of the air conditioner of the present invention. Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the control device of the present invention connected to the switch switching/driving circuit and the main circuit of the variable 17 1331202. Fig. 12 is a graph showing the voltage amplitude of the pulse width modulation reference signal using the inverter control circuit of the present invention. Figure 13 is a graph showing the input power response of the variable frequency control circuit of the present invention.
【主要元件符號說明】 101 :變頻切換控制電路 201 :流程 203 :流程 205 :流程 2 0 7 .流程 209 :流程 210 :電源裝置 212 :濾波電路 2 3 0 .開關切換/驅動電路 250 :空調機 102 :變頻器開關主電路 202 .流程 204 :流程 206 :流程 208 .流程 200 :變頻器電路控制系統 211 :整流電路 220 .變頻器主電路 240 :控制裂置 18[Main component symbol description] 101: Variable frequency switching control circuit 201: Flow 203: Flow 205: Flow 2 0 7. Flow 209: Flow 210: Power supply device 212: Filter circuit 2 3 0. Switching switching/driving circuit 250: Air conditioner 102: Inverter switch main circuit 202. Flow 204: Process 206: Flow 208. Flow 200: Inverter circuit control system 211: Rectifier circuit 220. Inverter main circuit 240: Control split 18