1329851 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明疋一種發光一極體之父流驅動電路，特別是指一種可以以交流電 源直接驅動發光二極體並且具有故障顯示與保護的一種控制電路。 【先前技術】 熟知的發光二極體驅動器，無論是可攜式產品或是不可攜式產品，都是 以直流電源作為主要的驅動方式，一般不可攜式產品連接於市電，也就是 電壓包含100 V/110 V/220 V，而頻率包含50似60他。驅動方式主要是將 交流電源’經由一交/直流轉換器’轉換成適合驅動發光二極體的直流電源； 此方式由於多了-層轉換電路，因此損失較大。而本發明所使用的方式為 直接使用交流市電來驅紐光二減’由於使肢流電源直翻動發光二 極體’因而藉此減少交流/直流轉換損失。 $外’目前大部分皆由直絲驅動發光二極體，因此，現有的保護電路 也都疋針對直絲設計賴電路。本發明針對發光二極體交流驅動器提出 保護電路’當第-絲二橋式裝置模組中的發光二極體發生短路或開路 時，均能加以_短路及開路，並在發生短路時自動切斷供電路徑，藉此 使交流電源直接驅動發光二極體獅，並且具有故障顯示與保護。 【發明内容】 架構疋在特殊橋式架構交流驅動之下，所發明的—種脈波寬度調變 光與開路及短路保護電路，該電路包括如下部份： 父机電源’其電壓為1〇〇v、u〇v或22〇v，而頻率為5斷或6阳 令控制線路13G及其電源，其主要作用為咖載電流與 7抓、差大小，控制開關裝置導通週期長短，以達到調光之目的； 5 1329851 具有開路指示功能的開路保護電路與發光二極體所組成的發光二極體 模組，其悄路保護電路由基納二極體、指示用之發光二極體與限流電阻 串連而成，此開路保護電路與串聯之發光二極體並連連接； 發光二極體短路保護電路，由基納二極體、電阻、電容、指示發光二極 體與開關組合喊，發光二極難財之串聯之發光二極體發生短路時能 加以顯示短路模組，並在發生短路時自動切斷供電路徑； 電流檢測裝置140，將電流訊雜換成電壓訊號，並提供給脈波寬 度調變控制線路130以與命令電流比較； 調光開關150 ’依據脈波寬度調變控制線路13〇所產生的責任週期，控 制發光一極體模組電流導通時間長短，以達到調光之目的； 其中多組具有開路指示功能的開路保護電路與發光三極體所組成的發 光二極體模組經由電流檢測裝置14Q及關裝置串聯形成—橋的上下臂， 另由前述二極體模組反向之兩組具有開路指示功能的開路保護電路與發光 二極體所組成的發光二極體模組經由電流檢測裝置14〇及開關裝置串聯形 成另一橋的上下臂。 【實施方式】 本發明是利用發光二極體單方向導通的特性及如圖i所示的電路，連接 室内交流電源，直接驅動發光二極體並且具有故障顯示與保護的一種控制 電路。 當圖1中交流電源正半週時，電流流經第一橋式裝置模組丨⑴^^、防 止逆向導通之第一與第四二極體171、174、調光開關150及電流檢測裝置 140 ;當圖1中交流電源負半週時，電流流經第二橋式裝置模組120、121、 防止逆向導通之第二與第三二極體172、173、調光開關15〇及電流檢測裝 置140。因此不論是正半週或是負半週，電流通過調光開關15〇及電流檢測 裝置140的方向’在任何時間點都是由右至左；藉由電流檢測裝置14〇，將 電流訊號轉換成電壓訊號，並提供給脈波寬度調變控制線路130並與命令 1329851 電流比較；脈波寬度調·舰路13Q係依據聽電流與命令電流間誤差 大小，控制調光開關150導通週期長短，以達到調光之目的。 圖2所示為第一橋式裝置模組110、lu，如圖2所示其由第一發光二極 體串連模組(m之發光二極體2G1及由第—發光二極體$連模組之開路指 示電路012㈣基納二極體2〇2、第-發光二鋪料模組之開路指示電路 012中的發光一極體203與第-發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路⑴2中 的限流電阻204串連而成之開路保護電路並聯所組成。電路導通情況下， 其上端連接之電源極性為正，因此電流流經第一發光二極體串連模組〇11 之發光一極體201 ’當部份第一發光二極體串連模組〇11之發光二極體邓丄 損壞而發生開路的情況’並且使第-發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路 012中的基納二極體202崩潰而導通時’電流流經第一發光二極體串連模組 之開路指示電路012中的基納二極體202、第一發光二極體串連模組之開路 才曰示電路012中的發光二極體203與第一發光二極體串連模組之開路指示 電路012中的限流電阻204串連而成之開路保護電路，用以顯示故障的第 一橋式裝置模組110、111。 圖3所示為第二橋式裝置模組12〇、121，如圖3所示其由第二發光二 極體$連模組021之發光二極體201及由第二發光二極體串連模組之開路 指示電路022中的基納二極體2〇2、第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電 路022中的發光二極體203與第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路022 中的限流電阻204串連而成之開路保護電路並聯所組成。電路導通情況下， 其下端連接之電源極性為正，因此電流流經第二發光二極體串連模組〇21 之發光二極體201 ;當部份第二發光二極體串連模組〇21之發光二極體2〇1 損壞而發生開路的情況’並且使第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路 022中的基納二極體202崩潰而導通時，電流流經第二發光二極體串連模組 之開路指示電路022中的基納二極體202、第二發光二極體串連模組之開路 指示電路022中的發光二極體2〇3與第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示 7 1329851 電路022中的限流電阻204串聯而成之開路保護電路，用以顯示故障的第 一橋式裝置模組120、121。 圖4所示為具有短職*魏並擔生姆時自__電路徑的短 路保濃線路跡藉此使發光n交流鄉電路⑻1具有故障顯示與保 又如圖4所π其由第-基納二極體2〇7、第五與第六二極體與2⑽、 第-與第二開關214、215、第—電容2G9與第一電阻挪所組成。電路導 通情况下’ Μ路保護電路之第—侧點’姻異常高壓訊號，連接第一二 極體之陽極⑻與短路保護電路之第二偵測點，偵測異常高壓訊號，連接 第-二極體之陽極162的電壓不足以讓第一基納二極體2〇7崩潰，所以短 路電路不會動作；當雜第_與第二發光二極體料觀之發光三極體观 損壞而發生短路的情況下，⑻、162的電齡升高，當霞上升到設定值 時’第-基納二極體浙崩潰，第-開關214動作，將調光開關的控制輸 入端520的電壓拉低，阻止系統繼續導通；在此同時，第二開關215也會 =時產生動作’而此時串連路徑中的第—發光二極體217會因此導通以 提供一個短路故障訊號指示。 π 電路之脈波寬度調變控制線路130，主要部份為舰點 ^⑽、三舰紅11 511触較11 512。在偵 調絲路5〇0中，經由第六電阻5〇2、可變電阻503與第七電阻 〇4:刀壓’配合第三電容5〇5的穩壓與第七二極體5〇1的隔離，可得到一 供給控制器530。控制器530由運算放大器509與第八電阻 =、第九電阻507、第十電.阻508與第十一電阻51〇組成，用以決定放大 增盃並輸出至比較器512和三角波產生器511作比較 供調光開關的控制輸入端52G，藉此控制電流的週期。 冰 注意，實際上每種修正電路無法一一列舉詳細說明，惟以上所述者之電 路圖1所誠的方法皆應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 圖6為將本發财之發光二極體模組橫向擴充示意圖，藉此增加輪出照 度0 1329851 圖7為將本發明橫向擴充，藉此增加輪出照度。 圖8為將本發明縱向擴充，藉此增加輸出照度。 圖> 9為利用本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充後之並聯擴充示意 圖’藉此増加輪出照度。 圖丨〇為利用本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充後之並聯擴充圖，藉 此增加輸出照度》 圖11為利用本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充後之串聯擴充圖，藉 此增加輸出照度。 圖12為利用本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充後之串並聯擴充圖， 藉此增加輸出照度。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖：發光二極體之交流驅動及保護電路 第2圖：發光二極體模組 第3圖：發光二極體模組 第4圖：短路保護電路 第5圖：脈波寬度調變控制線路 第6圖：本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充 第7圖：本發明橫向擴充，藉此增加輸出照度 第8圖：本發明縱向擴充，藉此增加輸出照度 第9圖：本發明橫向暨縱向擴充，藉此增加輸出照度 第10圖：利用本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充後之並聯擴充圖 第11圖.利用本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充後之串聯擴充圖 第12圖·利用本發明中之發光二極體模組橫向擴充後之串並聯擴充圖 【主要元件符號說明】 001發光二極體之交流驅動電路 002 本發明中之發光二極體模组橫向擴充 010 第一橋式裝置模組 ^1329851 011 012 020 021 022 100 110 111 120 121 130 140 150 151 160 161 162 171 172 173 174 199 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 第一發光二極體串連模組 第一發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路 第二橋式裝置模組 第二發光二極體串連模组 第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路 交流電源 第一橋式裝置模組 第一橋式裝置模組 第二橋式裝置模組 第二橋式裝置模組 脈波寬度調變控制線路 電流檢測裝置 調光開關 偵測點 短路保護線路 短路保護電路之第一偵測點，偵測異常高壓訊號，連接第一二極體之陽極 短路保護電路之第二偵測點，偵測異常高壓訊號，連接第二二極體之陽極 第一二極體 第二二極體 第三二極體 第四二極體 參考點 第一與第二發光二極體串連模組之發光二極體 第一與第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路中的基納二極艘 第一與第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路中的發光二極體 第一與第二發光二極體串連模組之開路指示電路中的限流電阻 第五二極體 第六二極體 第一基納二極體 1329851 208 第一電阻 209 第一電容 210 第二電阻 211 第三電阻 212 第二電容 213 第四電阻 214 第一開關 215 第二開關 216 第五電阻 217 第一發光二極體 500 調光線路 501 第七二極體 502 第六電阻 503 可變電阻 504 第七電阻 505 第三電容 506 第八電阻 507 第九電阻 508 第十電阻 509 運算放大器 510 第十一電阻 511 三角波產生器 512 比較器 520 調光開關的控制輸入端 530 控制器1329851 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a parent-flow driving circuit for a light-emitting diode, and more particularly to a control capable of directly driving a light-emitting diode with an AC power source and having fault display and protection Circuit. [Prior Art] The well-known LED driver, whether it is a portable product or a non-portable product, uses DC power as the main driving method. Generally, the non-portable product is connected to the mains, that is, the voltage contains 100. V/110 V/220 V, and the frequency contains 50 like 60 him. The driving method is mainly to convert the AC power supply 'via an AC/DC converter' into a DC power source suitable for driving the LEDs; this method has a large loss due to the addition of a layer-to-layer conversion circuit. The method used in the present invention is to directly use the AC mains to drive the illuminating diodes to reduce the AC/DC conversion loss by causing the limb power to directly flip the LEDs. At present, most of the external motors are driven by straight wires, so the existing protection circuits are also designed for straight wires. The invention provides a protection circuit for the light-emitting diode AC driver. When the light-emitting diode in the first-wire two-bridge device module is short-circuited or open-circuited, it can be short-circuited and open-circuited, and automatically cut when a short circuit occurs. The power supply path is cut off, thereby enabling the AC power source to directly drive the LED lion, and has fault display and protection. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The architecture is invented by a special bridge architecture AC drive, a pulse width modulated light and an open circuit and short circuit protection circuit, the circuit includes the following parts: The parent power supply 'its voltage is 1〇 〇v, u〇v or 22〇v, and the frequency is 5 or 6 yang command line 13G and its power supply, its main role is the coffee load current and 7 catch, difference size, control switch device conduction cycle length to reach The purpose of dimming; 5 1329851 Open-circuit protection circuit with open-circuit indication function and light-emitting diode module composed of light-emitting diodes, the quiet circuit protection circuit is composed of a Zener diode, a light-emitting diode for indication and The current limiting resistor is connected in series, and the open circuit protection circuit is connected in parallel with the series LEDs; the LED short circuit protection circuit is composed of a Zener diode, a resistor, a capacitor, an indicator light emitting diode and a switch. Shouting, the light-emitting diode of the series of light-emitting diodes can be short-circuited when a short circuit occurs, and the power supply path is automatically cut off when a short circuit occurs; the current detecting device 140 converts the current signal into a voltage signal. The pulse width modulation control circuit 130 is provided for comparison with the command current; the dimming switch 150' controls the current conduction time of the light-emitting diode module according to the duty cycle generated by the pulse width modulation control circuit 13? The purpose of dimming is achieved; wherein a plurality of sets of open circuit protection circuits having an open circuit indicating function and a light emitting diode module formed by the light emitting diodes are formed in series via the current detecting device 14Q and the closing device - the upper and lower arms of the bridge, and the foregoing The two sets of open-circuit protection circuits with open-circuit indicating functions and the light-emitting diode modules composed of the light-emitting diodes are connected in series via the current detecting device 14 and the switching device to form the upper and lower arms of the other bridge. [Embodiment] The present invention is a control circuit that utilizes the characteristics of one-way conduction of a light-emitting diode and the circuit shown in Fig. i to connect an indoor AC power source, directly drive a light-emitting diode, and has fault display and protection. When the AC power supply is half a cycle in FIG. 1, the current flows through the first bridge device module (1), the first and fourth diodes 171, 174, the dimming switch 150, and the current detecting device that prevent reverse conduction. 140; when the AC power supply is negative for half a cycle in FIG. 1, current flows through the second bridge device modules 120, 121, the second and third diodes 172, 173, the dimming switch 15 and the current that prevent reverse conduction Detection device 140. Therefore, whether it is a positive half cycle or a negative half cycle, the direction of current passing through the dimmer switch 15 and the current detecting device 140 is right to left at any time point; by the current detecting device 14〇, the current signal is converted into The voltage signal is supplied to the pulse width modulation control circuit 130 and compared with the current of the command 1329851; the pulse width modulation and the ship 13Q controls the length of the conduction period of the dimming switch 150 according to the error between the listening current and the command current. Reach the purpose of dimming. 2 shows a first bridge device module 110, lu, as shown in FIG. 2, which is composed of a first light-emitting diode series module (m light-emitting diode 2G1 and first-light-emitting diode $ Open circuit indicating circuit 012 (4) Kina diode 2 〇 2, open-circuit indicating circuit 012 of the first-light-emitting two-ply module, open circuit of the light-emitting diode 203 and the first-light diode series module The open circuit protection circuit formed by connecting the current limiting resistors 204 in the indicating circuit (1) 2 is formed in parallel. When the circuit is turned on, the polarity of the power supply connected to the upper end is positive, so the current flows through the first light emitting diode series module. 11 of the light-emitting diode 201' when a part of the first light-emitting diode is connected to the module 〇11, the light-emitting diode Deng is damaged and an open circuit occurs, and the first-light diode is connected in series When the base diode 202 in the open circuit indicating circuit 012 collapses and is turned on, the current flows through the base diode 202 and the first light emitting diode in the open indicating circuit 012 of the first light emitting diode series module. The open circuit of the series module indicates the LED 203 and the first LED array in the circuit 012 The open circuit protection circuit 204 is connected in series with the current limiting resistor 204 to display the faulty first bridge device module 110, 111. Figure 3 shows the second bridge device module 12 121, as shown in FIG. 3, the light-emitting diode 201 of the second light-emitting diode $connecting module 021 and the base diode in the open circuit indicating circuit 022 of the second light-emitting diode serial module 2. The light-emitting diode 203 in the open circuit indicating circuit 022 of the second light-emitting diode series module and the current limiting resistor 204 in the open circuit indicating circuit 022 of the second light-emitting diode serial module are connected in series. The open circuit protection circuit is formed by parallel connection. When the circuit is turned on, the polarity of the power supply connected to the lower end is positive, so the current flows through the light emitting diode 201 of the second light emitting diode series module ;21; The second LED is connected to the LED diode 2〇1, and the LED 2 is broken, and the open circuit is formed, and the Kina diode in the open circuit indicating circuit 022 of the second LED array is connected. When the body 202 collapses and is turned on, the current flows through the open circuit indicating circuit of the second LED serial module. Open-circuit indication of the light-emitting diode 2〇3 and the second light-emitting diode series module in the open-circuit indicating circuit 022 of the second phase body 202 of the second light-emitting diode series module The open-circuit protection circuit of the current limiting resistor 204 in the circuit 022 is connected in series to display the faulty first bridge device module 120, 121. Figure 4 shows the short-term *Wei and the rush time from the __ The short circuit of the electric path ensures that the light-emitting n-circuit circuit (8) 1 has a fault display and protection as shown in FIG. 4, which is composed of a first-kina diode 2〇7, a fifth and a sixth diode. 2 (10), the first and second switches 214, 215, the first capacitor 2G9 and the first resistor are composed. When the circuit is turned on, the 'the side of the circuit protection circuit—the side point of the 'anomaly abnormal high voltage signal, connects the anode of the first diode (8) and the second detection point of the short circuit protection circuit, detects the abnormal high voltage signal, and connects the second to the second The voltage of the anode 162 of the polar body is not enough to cause the first Zener diode 2〇7 to collapse, so the short circuit does not operate; when the photodiode of the second and second light emitting diodes is damaged, In the event of a short circuit, the electrical age of (8), 162 increases, and when the Xia rises to the set value, the 'first-kina diode collapses, the first switch 214 operates, and the voltage of the control input 520 of the dimmer switch Pulling low prevents the system from continuing to conduct; at the same time, the second switch 215 will also generate an action ' while the first light-emitting diode 217 in the series path is thus turned on to provide a short-circuit fault signal indication. The pulse width modulation control line 130 of the π circuit is mainly composed of a ship point ^(10) and a three ship red 11 511 touch 11 512. In the detection wire path 5〇0, via the sixth resistor 5〇2, the variable resistor 503 and the seventh resistor 〇4: the knife pressure 'matches the voltage regulation of the third capacitor 5〇5 and the seventh diode 5〇 The isolation of 1 provides a supply controller 530. The controller 530 is composed of an operational amplifier 509 and an eighth resistor=, a ninth resistor 507, a tenth electrical resistance 508 and an eleventh resistor 51〇 for determining the amplification booster and outputting to the comparator 512 and the triangular wave generator 511. The control input 52G for the dimmer switch is compared, thereby controlling the period of the current. Ice Note that in fact, each correction circuit cannot enumerate the detailed description one by one, but the method of the above-mentioned circuit diagram 1 should still be within the scope of the patent of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the horizontal expansion of the light-emitting diode module of the present invention, thereby increasing the wheel illuminance 0 1329851. Figure 7 is a lateral expansion of the present invention, thereby increasing the illuminance of the wheel. Figure 8 is a longitudinal extension of the present invention whereby the output illumination is increased. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the parallel expansion of the lateral expansion of the light-emitting diode module of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a parallel expansion diagram of the lateral expansion of the light-emitting diode module of the present invention, thereby increasing the output illumination. FIG. 11 is a series expansion diagram after lateral expansion of the LED module of the present invention. , thereby increasing the output illuminance. FIG. 12 is a series-parallel expansion diagram of the lateral expansion of the light-emitting diode module of the present invention, thereby increasing the output illumination. [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure 1: AC drive and protection circuit of LEDs. Figure 2: LED module 3: LED module 4: Short circuit protection circuit 5 : Pulse Width Modulation Control Circuit FIG. 6 : Horizontal Expansion of Light Emitting Diode Module in the Present Invention FIG. 7 : Horizontal expansion of the present invention, thereby increasing output illuminance. FIG. 8 : Vertical expansion of the present invention, thereby increasing Output Illumination Figure 9: Horizontal and vertical expansion of the present invention, thereby increasing the output illumination. FIG. 10: Parallel expansion diagram after lateral expansion using the LED module of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a view of the illumination using the present invention. Series expansion diagram of the lateral expansion of the diode module Fig. 12 · Serial and parallel expansion diagram after lateral expansion of the LED module of the present invention [Description of main components] AC driving circuit of 001 LED 002 Horizontal expansion of the light-emitting diode module in the present invention 010 First bridge device module ^1329851 011 012 020 021 022 100 110 111 120 121 130 140 150 151 160 161 162 171 172 173 174 199 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 Open circuit indicating circuit of first light emitting diode series module of a light emitting diode series module second bridge device module second light emitting diode series connecting module second light emitting diode series connecting module Open circuit indicating circuit AC power first bridge device module first bridge device module second bridge device module second bridge device module pulse width modulation control line current detecting device dimmer switch detection point The first detection point of the short circuit protection circuit short circuit protection circuit detects an abnormal high voltage signal, connects the second detection point of the anode short circuit protection circuit of the first diode, detects an abnormal high voltage signal, and connects the second diode Anode first diode second diode body second diode body second diode body reference point first and second light emitting diode series module light emitting diode first and second light emitting diode The first and second light emitting diodes of the light-emitting diode in the open circuit indicating circuit of the first and second light-emitting diode series modules of the Zener diode in the open circuit indicating circuit of the serial module The open circuit indicating circuit of the current limiting resistor in the fifth pole Body sixth diode first Zener diode 13298851 208 first resistor 209 first capacitor 210 second resistor 211 third resistor 212 second capacitor 213 fourth resistor 214 first switch 215 second switch 216 fifth resistor 217 first light-emitting diode 500 dimming line 501 seventh diode 502 sixth resistor 503 variable resistor 504 seventh resistor 505 third capacitor 506 eighth resistor 507 ninth resistor 508 tenth resistor 509 operational amplifier 510 Eleven resistor 511 triangle wave generator 512 comparator 520 dimmer switch control input 530 controller