TWI323158B - Feed for fish and use thereof - Google Patents

Description

U23158 A7 V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the use of cysteamine or a similar composition thereof and/or a cysteamine-containing composition for feeding aquatic animals, particularly farmed fish. The present invention also relates to a method of raising fish, a feed material for fish, and a method of preparing the same. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Growth hormone has long played an important role in regulating the growth of animals. For example, administration of growth hormone in a meat-producing animal will increase its body weight including muscle mass. However, the direct use of growth hormone in these animals to increase meat yield has many disadvantages. First, growth hormones from different animals are less homogenous, and different animals only respond to certain types of growth hormone. Since suitable exogenous growth hormone is usually extracted from the pituitary gland, it is quite difficult and uneconomical to prepare a sufficient amount of suitable exogenous growth hormone for large-scale application. Although exogenous growth hormone is currently produced by genetic recombination techniques, exogenous growth hormone produced in this manner is still quite expensive. The second 'administration of exogenous growth hormone to the breeding animals is usually carried out by direct injection, which is necessarily expensive and difficult to perform for a provider on a large farm such as a cattle farm. In fish in the farm, it is more difficult to apply exogenous growth hormone, because it is practically impossible to capture and measure individual fish in the general environment and to inject appropriate amounts of growth hormone. Third, it is quite difficult to control the dosage of the application to produce a precise desired effect, and an excess of exogenous growth hormone is likely to be harmful to the animal. Fourth, these residual exotrophic hormones may be produced through muscle production and the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) on this paper scale.

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-4 - 丄: V. Description of the invention (2) transmitted to humans as it is consumed. Although some scientists are concerned that the negative effects of these exogenous growth hormones on humans still require further research. In view of the rapid population growth, including seafood, In particular, the demand for various types of fish continues to increase. According to United Nations estimates, the current supply of seafood must be increased by seven times to meet the world’s demand for seafood. The main reason for the decline in catches worldwide is over-hunting and The destruction of fish habitats. However, the feeding yield of many fish species is challenged or hindered by a number of factors, including the screening of suitable varieties and the supply of 'brown fish growth rate and feed rate. Enhancement port, control of feed cost, management of reproductive cycle and prevention of disease. In order to raise fish in the breeding environment so that its body weight can be rapidly increased, 'the common method of exogenous growth hormone for fish is a common method. However, As explained above, it is very difficult if the growth hormone of the fish material is not impossible. Another way is to strengthen the beneficial properties by cross-breeding to produce the desired fish species. However, these characteristics usually appear to be quite slow and unpredictable. Despite the cross-breeding, the fish genome usually does not contain humans. Genes that have the desired effect. There is another alternative to traditional screening and breeding, using modern genetic engineering to produce fast-growing genes that turn to lean fish. In particular, genetically modified fish can use molecular biology. Clocks, segregation, and genes that make up the desired characteristics, while transfecting lean genes into fish species. Based on this modern technology, new properties that do not exist in the fish genome can be transferred from unrelated species. Colonize 'to give new and beneficial sex, please read the back first - Note - Things - Item Refill _ Write this page

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1323158 A7

Please read the back S first ~ Note - things, items refill _ write this page 5, invention description (4) Therefore, there is still a need for compounds and / or methods that can increase body weight and reduce mortality in fish in the environment . Preferably, the method is safe, can be easily applied and inexpensively performed, and is environmentally friendly. The object of the present invention is to satisfy the above problems, or at least to provide the public with an effective choice. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, a cysteamine-containing composition for feeding fish to increase its body weight is provided. According to a second aspect of the present invention, a cysteamine-containing composition for feeding fish in a feeding environment is provided to reduce mortality caused by disease and a negative growth environment. Preferably, the cysteamine-containing composition is capable of feeding the fish by a feed in a final state. However, the cysteamine-containing composition can also be fed to other suitable, i.e., autonomous feeds. Suitably, the composition may be substantially from 1 to 95% by weight of a cysteamine having a chemical formula of NH2-CH2-CH2-SH or a salt thereof. The composition may comprise from 1 to 80% by weight of the carrier. A carrier which is also a stabilizer may be selected from the group consisting of cyclodextrin or a derivative thereof. The composition may substantially contain 30% by weight of cysteamine or a salt thereof. The composition may comprise 10% by weight of a carrier. The composition may comprise a component selected from the group consisting of a leavening agent disintegrating agent or a material that provides an outer coating to the composition. The material of the outer cover layer may be solid at room temperature. Material of the outer cover A7 Description of the invention It can be dissolved in the intestines of fish. The overcoat layer may exhibit a multi-layered structure in its composition. The outer cover may be adapted to remain insoluble at a pH of from 1.5 to 3.5. The final feed may comprise a feed concentrate/feed supplement. The most copper material may comprise a suitable base feed selected from the group consisting of rapeseed, soybean, fish meal, wheat soy, wheat flour, minerals, vitamins and binding agents. The final feed may generally comprise from 3 to 15 ppm of cysteamine. The final copper material may generally comprise from 100 to 500 ppm of the composition. The final feed may generally comprise from 33 to 165 ppm of cysteamine in the dry state. The final feed may generally comprise a composition of from 1 (1) to 550 ppm in a dry state. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of raising fish comprising mixing with a suitable base copper material (as described above) A step comprising a cysteamine composition (as described above) and a final feed resulting from the mixing of the fish. Preferably, the mixing may comprise mixing the composition directly with the base feed. Optionally, the mixing may comprise the step of preparing a premix comprising the cysteamine-containing composition, and subsequently mixing the base feed with the premix material to form a final feed. The premix material can be prepared by mixing the composition with a suitable food material. The use of the premix as an intermediate mixture is to promote mixing so that the composition can be more evenly distributed in the final feed. The premix material may have from 1 to 25% by weight of the amount of the composition. Preferably, the premix material may have an amount of from 1 to 2% by weight of the compound. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a method for feeding fish is provided. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 public interest). Please read the back _ Note Refill - write 1323158 A7 B7 V. Invention Description (6) comprising the step of individually feeding the fish with a cysteamine or a salt thereof or a cysteamine-containing composition as described above, preferably via a feed. When the fish is at a developmental stage where the average body weight is equal to or less than 500 g, the fish is suitable for feeding with 30 to 60 ppm of cyste or a salt thereof, or a feed containing 100 to 200 ppm of a cysteamine-containing composition. . When the fish is in its developmental stage of an average body weight of 500 g, the fish is suitably fed with 60 to 150 ppm of cysteine or a salt thereof, or a feed containing 200 to 500 ppm of a cysteamine-containing composition. According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a fish feed comprising a cysteamine-containing composition. The composition may generally comprise from 1 to 95% by weight of a cysteamine having a chemical formula of NH2-CH2-CH2-SH or a mixture thereof. The vector may be selected from the group consisting of cyclodextrin or a derivative thereof. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing the above fish feed comprising the step of mixing a cysteamine-containing composition with the base feed material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the demonstration of cysteamine or a salt thereof, and/or a cysteamine-containing composition which has an activity of at least increasing its body weight when ingested by an aquatic animal such as a fish. Prior to this discovery, it was not suggested or effectively shown that cysteamine can be active in fish. A similar situation has been found in mammals, and secretion of fish growth hormone has been initiated. The structure of the fish's growth hormone-releasing hormone (SS) has been found to be similar to that of mammals, and the growth hormone-releasing hormone is applied to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) on the paper scale (please read the back) Please fill out this page again)

Order - 9 V. Inventive Note (7) (SS) also inhibits the release of fish growth hormone. Growth hormone is known to regulate fish metabolism and nutrient absorption and leads to growth and an increase in body weight. Studies have shown that growth hormone promotes protein synthesis and promotes a positive nitrogen balance in fish. The fish's growth hormone receptor (GHR) is widely distributed in different tissues such as the liver, brain, gonads, bronchi, small intestine, and kidney. In the genital gland, growth hormone and growth hormone receptors regulate the concentration of steroids, leading to the promotion of sperm and egg development. The role of growth hormone and growth hormone receptors in the bronchi, small intestine, and kidneys is to control the osmotic pressure in fish. It is generally believed that an increase in growth hormone in the small intestine can affect the absorption of nutrients, while increasing the concentration of amino acids in the circulation, resulting in an increase in feed rate. It has also been found that the concentration of growth hormone receptors is approximately 3 to 6% in the liver in other tissues of the fish. However, the binding activity of growth hormone to growth hormone receptor is the same in the liver as in other tissues. As illustrated, fish growth hormone promotes growth while regulating osmotic pressure, and these are centered by insulin growth factor (IGF1). In the present invention, the mechanism of cysteamine and/or cysteamine-containing composition is aimed at depleting the growth hormone releasing hormone of fish so that the concentration of growth hormone can be increased to promote growth. It should be noted that this growth hormone is produced by fish rather than by exogenous growth hormone. The heart phase 彳5-haloxime has physiological activity as a growth promoting factor. Natural cysteamine is part of coenzyme A (known to be c〇A_SH or c〇A) and is a coenzyme form of pantothenic acid. In the metabolic process, Coenzyme A plays the role of a 11 sulfur-based or disulfide-based disulfide-based variant of Coenzyme A. The Chinese Standard (CNs) A4 specification (210X297 public) ·) 10 V. Description of invention (8) Body support. Experiments have shown that in other warm-blooded animals such as pigs, cattle, poultry, goats, and rabbits, cysteamine can reduce growth hormone releasing inhibitory hormone. Unexpectedly, during the current month of the month, hemi-deamination also inhibits growth hormone releasing inhibitory hormones for fish. It has previously been believed that the inhibition of growth hormone releasing hormone by cysteamine is only effective for mammals and birds. Inhibition of growth hormone-suppressing hormone increases the concentration of growth hormone in the blood of fish, while increasing various other growth-promoting factors, including the TNT-I and T. As explained, growth hormone is believed to directly promote the physiological development of various tissues. As these different growth-promoting factors increase, the fish's digestion rate increases significantly. It is known that the general protein synthesis rate of fish is relatively increased, and thus the body weight of fish is thus increased more rapidly. Various tests have been shown to promote the growth of fish and body weight in a diet (or feed) containing a cysteamine-containing composition. One of the experiments is described in detail later. Experimental background data experiments have been published to prove that fish contain cysteine. The effect of feeding the amine composition is described in detail below. The fish species used in this experiment are known group heads. There were two groups of experimental groups and two groups of fish in the control group. There are 4 to 41 fish in each group. Each group is housed in a separate sink. The capacity of each sink is approximately 0.26M3. The sink is equipped with an automatic temperature control system that maintains a water temperature between 25 and 26 degrees Celsius. The sink is also equipped with a circulation system for fresh river water A7 B7

1323158 V. Description of invention (9) to replace the water in the sink to keep the water fresh. Material A. Cysteamine-Containing Composition The cysteamine-containing composition used in this experiment contained 30% by weight of samaramine, 20% by weight of ruthenium containing shell material and coating material, and 26% by weight of filler. 23-9 wt% of a fragmenting agent and a binder and 1% by weight of a fragrance and a fragrance. The specific need for a viable cysteamine-containing composition will be further described in the following description. B. Premixed material The premixed material is an intermediate mixture containing a cysteamine-containing composition. The premixed material promotes subsequent mixing with the base feed material. The component used to prepare the premixed material may be selected from the group consisting of a suitable food material comprising an amino acid, a salt, phosphorus, and corn flour. The premixed material comprises from 10 to 20% by weight of a cysteamine-containing composition, and a wide range of from 1 to 25% by weight is also used. C. Basic feed The basic feed used in the experiment contains about 20% by weight of rapeseed, 15 weight%/〇 of soybean, 15% by weight of fish meal, 1% by weight of dough, 19% by weight of wheat flour, and 5 weight. % mineral, 〇 5% by weight of the binder and 0.5% by weight of the vitamin. However, other suitable components can also be used. D. Final Feed The identical final feed types, A1 and A2, were used to raise the fish of the two experimental groups (Groups I and II). The final feed type is imaginary and the 8th series is prepared by mixing an appropriate amount of a cysteamine-containing composition with the base feed. In particular, the paper scale is applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS> A4 specification (210X 297 mm) Note on the first reading · Things _ Item refill _ Write this page

-12 - 1323158 A7 ________B7_ V. INSTRUCTIONS (10) The final feed types A1 and A2 are formulated to contain approximately 200 ppm of cysteamine-containing composition or 30 to 60 ppm of cysteamine beta. However, a final feed actually It may contain from 1 to 2 ppm of cysteamine or from 30 to 60 ppm of hepatosamine. In fact, these feed lines containing a range of cysteamine compositions or cysteamine concentrations are particularly suitable for fish having a body weight of equal to or less than 5 g. For fish weighing more than 500g, the final feed preferably comprises from 200 to 500 ppm of cysteamine-containing composition or from 6 to 110 ppm of cysteamine. A small amount of feed concentrate and/or feed supplement may also be included therein. To improve the balance of the nutritional value of the final feed. In fact, when the premix is not used, the cysteamine-containing composition can be directly mixed with a base feed. The two control groups (Groups I and II) were fed with the exact same final feed types Β1 and B2 without the addition of the cysteamine-containing composition. The only difference between the final feed types Al, A2 and Β 1, B2 is that the former contains the desired amount of cysteamine-containing composition. Method The experiment was carried out between October 17, 2001 and November 17, 2001. The individual weights of the four groups of fish were measured before and after the experiment. The number of fish deaths during the experiment was also recorded. The amount of feed taken by the four groups of fish was also recorded. Results and Discussion Table 1 summarizes the results of this experiment. This paper scale applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 public). Please read the back side first - Note - Things -

Order-13 - 1323158 A7 B7 V. INSTRUCTIONS (11) Feed type A1 A2 Β1 B2 Fish group 1 (test) Group Π (control) Group Π (control) Pre-experimental period 2001 October 2001 曰 2001 10 Month 5曰 October 5, 2001 October 2001 5 Number of squid 41 40 40 41 Total weight (g) 289.7 183.2 207.6 223.1 Average weight of each fish (g) 7.06 4.58 5.19 5.44 Post-experiment flood season November 2001 17th November 17, 2001 November 17, 2001 November 17, 2001 Number of fish 41 40 39 41 Total weight (g) 558.9 403.0 419.9 381.5 Average weight of each fish (g) 13.6 10.10. 10.77 9.3 Feed intake Amount 630.2 582.3 594.6 595.0 Total weight increase (g) 269.2 219.8 212.3 222.4 Feed conversion efficiency 2.34 2.65 2.80 2.68 Number of dead fish 0 0 3 (7.5g each) 3 Survival rate (%) 100 100 92.5 92.7 (Please read the back Please fill out this page again)

• Order _.P, in the control group (I), three fish died in the experiment, and two spare fish of similar weight were added to replace the two dead fish. In the control group π, three fish died in the experiment, and three spare fish of similar weight were added to replace all three dead fish. As shown in Table 1, the total weight of the fish in the two test groups (Groups I and II) was 472.9 g [= 289.7 + 183.2] and 961.9 g [= 558_9 + 403.0] before and after the experiment, respectively. Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 14 1323158 A7 _____B7___ V. Description of invention (12) This total weight is increased by 489_0g, and the conversion is increased by about 103% of the total weight. The total weight of the fish in the two control groups (Groups I and II) was 430.7 g [207_6 + 223_l] and 801_4 g [419.9 + 381.5] before and after the experiment. Therefore, the overall weight is increased by 370.7g, and the conversion is only about 86% of the total weight. The average body weight of the fish in the two test groups (Groups I and II) was 5.84 g and 11.88 g before and after the experiment. Therefore, the average weight gain is 6.03g, which translates to an overall weight of 103%. The average body weight of the fish in the two control groups (Group I and π) was 5.32 g and 10.02 g, respectively, before and after the experiment. Therefore, the average weight gain is 4.70g, and the conversion is only about 88% of the total weight. This shows that the fish in the test group grew at least 15% faster in gaining weight. Therefore, it can be inferred that the fish fed with the cysteamine-containing composition can grow significantly faster. The feed conversion efficiency of the fish in the two test groups was also found to be 2.34 and 2.65. The feed conversion efficiency of the fish in the second control group was 2.80 and 2.68. Relatively low feed conversion efficiencies suggest that a unit of weight requires a smaller amount of feed. It is obvious that the test group of fish is more effective in converting the feed into its body weight. Therefore, it can be inferred that the fish fed with the feed containing the cysteamine-containing composition can efficiently convert and absorb the feed to its body weight, and the cysteamine-containing composition of the present invention can add its body weight. It should be noted that the state of the sink is generally similar to that of the aquaculture industry. However, this state is relatively crowded compared to wild animals. Therefore, it is not uncommon for some fish in aquaculture to die of disease or overcrowding in this environment. However, the fish in the two test groups did not die during the experiment, but the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X 297 mm) was applied to this paper scale (please read the notes on the back and fill out this page)

.Book · .Ρ, 15 1323158 A7

丄JO V. Description of the invention (Η 精, ethyl stone-cyclodextrin (E-^S-CD) and branched cyclodextrin. The chemical formula of cyclodextrin is (c6〇5H9)n. (C605H9) 2, and its structural formula is as follows.

(Please read the notes on the back and then fill out this page) where a -CD n=4 KD n=5 ; 7 -CD n=6. (The cyclic oligo of the % dextrins α _D-glucopyranose.) Order - It is worth noting that the /5-CD type of cyclodextrin is preferred for its use because it is a sub-internal control Approximately 6-8A makes it a particularly suitable candidate for use in the preparation of the cysteamine composition, which involves the use of a coating compound matrix material comprising a process. "Cyclodextrin" used herein refers to cyclodextrin and/or its derivatives. Any derivative of cyclodextrin which has stability and protects cysteamine from decomposition can be used. For example, any of the above-mentioned cyclodextrin groups or derivatives thereof can be used. When the effective amount of the coating compound matrix material in the cysteamine-containing composition is in the range of 1 to 80% by weight, the effective range is preferably from 1 to 6 % by weight, and more preferably from J to 40% by weight. The coated compound matrix material can also be used. The actual amount of coating compound matrix used will depend on the cysteamine used in the preparation of the cysteamine-containing composition. The cysteamine-containing composition may also comprise from 1 to 5% by weight of filler, although a preferred effective amount ranges from 1 to 6 Torr and 0/〇.

17 - A7 一 - _ B7 ^_ V. INSTRUCTIONS (15 ) (Please read the note on the back and fill out this page) and a better effective amount of filler from 1 to 40 weight 〇 / 亦可 can also be used for this In the composition. The actual amount will depend on the actual amount of cysteamine and the coating compound matrix. The filler is selected from the group consisting of powdered cellulose, starch, and calcium sulphate (e.g., CaS〇4·2H2〇). It is to be noted that if the amount of the filler in the cysteamine-containing composition exceeds 9% by weight, the main effective component will be lowered, and the cysteamine-containing composition will become ineffective. The cysteamine-containing composition may also contain 5 to 50% by weight of a fragmenting agent and an anchoring agent, but preferably an effective range of 10 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 15 to 35% by weight of the effective range. be usable. The actual amount used will depend on the cysteamine used, the coating compound matrix material, and other components. The binder and the fragmenting agent may be selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyl starch, microbial alginate, microcrystalline fibroin, and starch. It has been confirmed that if the amount of the fragmentation agent and the binder in the composition is less than 5% by weight, the particles of the composition produced will lack the desired hardness. In addition, the manufacture of the composition will become extremely difficult. However, if the fragmentation agent and the binder are more than 50% by weight, the resulting composition will have an excessive hardness, especially if the binder is mostly present in the mixture of the breaker and the binder. . This will cause the composition to be difficult to absorb in the intestines of the fish. The cysteamine-containing composition may also comprise from 〇5 to 0.3% by weight of a fragrance which is a fragrance and an odorant. The cysteamine-containing composition may also comprise a coating material of from 0 to 2 Å by weight, although a preferred range is from 1 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 2 to 10% by weight. The actual amount depends on the actual amount of cysteine, the matrix material of the coating compound, and other components. The coating materials are generally solid at room temperature and are preferably soluble in an intestine environment such as the intestine. The coating material may be selected from the group consisting of cellulose acetate phthalate, and the powder of acetic acid. The paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 publicity). 18 V. Invention description (16 (please read the back first) Note ^-item and fill in this page) Know, methyl cellulose phthalate, glucose or fructose derivatives derived from citric acid, copolymers of propylene and methacrylic acid, poly(ryryl vinyl ester), maleic anhydride copolymerization a group consisting of a partially esterified material, takh, and formaldehyde gelatin. The coating materials are still insoluble in an acidic environment having a pH of 1.5 to 3.5. Less than 1% by weight of the composition of the particles is not completely covered by the coating material as a sap layer. The semiquinone-containing composition is thus absorbed into the animal from the small intestine or the aquaculture described herein. The blood flow of the fish is decomposed before. On the other hand, if the content of the coating material exceeds 15% by weight, the effective component in the composition cannot be effectively released from the composition. Growth regulation. Anyway, confirmed It is effective to use a feed containing 100 to 500 ppm of the composition (or 30 to 75 ppm of cysteine) when used to increase the body weight of the aquaculture fish to be reared. The composition is in the form of small particles each having a diameter substantially from 0. 28 to 0_9 mm. These particles are prepared by microencapsulation. The method involves the use of a substance having a large molecular weight of coating properties. One of the substances is the aforementioned coating compound matrix material (which mainly contains a cyclic dextrin). The coating compound matrix material serves as a macromolecular substance of a molecular capsule encapsulating a cysteine molecule, thereby protecting the composition. The cysteine in the environment and the light, heat, air and moisture in the environment. The stability of the cysteamine is thus retained. The coated compound matrix material used for the microencapsulation method preferably has 6 to 12 glucoses. a cyclic polysaccharide compound of a molecule produced by reacting a cyclic dextrin transferase with starch in the presence of a genus of the genus Bacillus. National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210X297 mm) 19 1323158 A7 "We_5, Invention Description (17) ' ---, subacute and chronic toxicity tests showed that these giant molecules (4) are non-toxic. In the microencapsulation step, each particle may be coated onto one layer and preferably a plurality of layers of the above-mentioned coating material. The following provides a method for preparing a semi-discriminate composition such as Shuming, [(4) different details of the examples A study using acute, subacute and chronic toxicity tests [showing that the macromolecular material is non-toxic. After the microencapsulation process, the particles may be coated with at least a layer and preferably several layers of the above cladding material. A more detailed description of one example of a method for reducing the content of the cysteous (four) protein is provided below.纟 is mainly the atmospheric environment of nitrogen, τ, in the set of reactors equipped with a PTFE coated applicator in the (four) four ethylene sulphur joints, adding 4G8_75% by weight of the soluble half in ethanol Cystamine hydrogen acid solution. The purity, melting point and combustion residue of the cysteamine to be used are preferably 98% 4 higher, 66 to 7 (TC and 5. () 5% by weight or less, respectively. Then, under the protection of nitrogen, 120 (^/5-cyclodextrin is added to the reactor. (No _ cyclodextrin quality is based on the requirements of food additives. In particular, the dry basis purity is over 98%; the dry weight loss is less than 1 〇〇%; combustion residue is less than 0.2%; heavy metal content is less than 1〇ppm; arsenic content is less than 2Ppmp. The mixture is then heated at 4 (rc heating for 3 hours. Then the heating is terminated and stirring is continued for two hours) The product thus produced is subjected to a vacuum drying at a temperature of 40 to 50 C, then ground and sieved through a mesh screen (for example, a 40-mesh opening), possibly with a component of the composition. All instrument parts in contact should preferably be made of stainless steel. In a dry environment, the paper size is changed to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21QX297 mm)~ '-~' -20 -

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5. Under the protection of invention (18), 4200 g (dry weight) of a cysteamine, 2600 g of filler and 1200 g of a fragmenting agent and 1700 g of a knot containing the above-mentioned inclusion process were added to a tank mixer. Attention. The components are then thoroughly mixed and an appropriate amount of absolute ethanol can be added and mixed. The resulting mixture exhibits a moderately soft material which can be shaped into a sphere by gently gripping the palm of the hand. The resulting mixture of plastic shaped spheres can then be spread out with a touch. After the mixture is pelletized by a granulator under the protection of nitrogen, the small particles produced are immediately sent to a fluid bed dryer, and then in a substantially vacuum environment, 4 〇i5〇〇c Dry at temperature. The enteric coating material was prepared by a method using the following formulation: 8 g of cellulose acetate valerate, 2.4 ml of polyethylene glycol terephthalate, 33.0 ml of ethyl acetate and 33.6 ml. Isopropyl acetate. The pellets obtained as described above are uniformly coated with at least one layer, but preferably a plurality of layers of the enteric coating material under the protection of nitrogen. In other words, the coating material forming the particles in each of the compositions is present in a multi-layered structure. The enteric coating material is soluble only in an alkaline environment. This prevents cysteamine from escaping prematurely from the composition when the composition is still present in the stomach of the animal. Cysteamine can adversely irritate the gastric mucosa of an animal's stomach. The granules produced by the cysteamine composition of the present invention are then dried in a substantially vacuum desiccator at 40 to 5 (the temperature of TC is completely dried. Thus, all the solvent is removed. The resulting granules are then cooled to room temperature, The microcapsules are mixed with an appropriate amount of flavoring agent and odorant using a cantilever double helix mixer. The cysteamine composition is an inner portion having a cysteamine-containing hydrogen acid and a cyclodextrin, and the exterior thereof is Microcapsules coated with enteric materials. 1323158 A7 ---- B7___ V. INSTRUCTIONS (I9) The resulting composition will exhibit small particles (or particles) that have a smooth appearance, good flow properties, and are easily mixed with various animal feeds. The shape of each of the particles of the composition is preferably from 0.28 to 〇.9〇m. The composition also has excellent stability. It has been found that the composition is packaged in a sealed plastic bag and stored in a The cool, dark and dry place lasts for one year and its properties remain unchanged. Therefore, the composition meets the requirements as a feed additive. The composition having the specific composition described above has many super Functional advantage of containing cysteamine itself. First, it is important that the cysteamine-containing activity encapsulated in the composition maintains hydrazine after manufacture because feed additives such as the composition are used before use. It can be stored for a considerable period of time. Second, the composition does not cause any significant gastric side effects on the animals fed the composition. Third, the activity of the composition is not only maintained during storage, but more importantly It can be maintained until the composition reaches the small intestine of the fish. Fourth, the composition can be easily applied to aquaculture fish in a large-scale, cost-effective manner because it can be easily mixed with any basic feed. No separate operating procedures or injections are required at all. The contents of the above-referenced publications, the International Application No. PCT/EP01/14628, and the Chinese Patent Application No. 136, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The literature is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. It is possible to note that many variations, modifications, and further implementations are possible, since all changes and Department deemed within the scope of the invention. The present paper scale applicable Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm)

----- (Please read the note on the back and then fill out this page) - order. 22 .

Claims (1)

Patent application No. 91,112, 432, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire all all all A cysteamine having a chemical formula of NH^CHs-CHz-SH or a salt thereof, and 1 to 80% by weight of a carrier as a matrix material for a coating compound to reduce the side effects of cysteamine and maintain the activity of cysteamine. 2. The fish feed according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of cyclodextrin or a derivative thereof. 3. If the fish feed of claim 1 is used to increase the growth of fish and/or increase the weight of the fish -. 4. Fish feed as claimed in item 1 of the patent application is used to reduce the mortality rate of fish due to disease or adverse living conditions in aquaculture. 5. 6. The fish feed according to claim 3, wherein the cysteamine or cysteamine-containing composition is capable of feeding the fish via a final feed. The fish feed according to claim 3, wherein the composition substantially comprises from i to 95% by weight of a cysteamine having a NH2_CH2-CH2_sh chemical formula or a salt thereof. A fish feed according to claim 3, wherein the composition substantially comprises from 1 to 80% by weight of a carrier. A fish feed according to item 7 of the patent application, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of % quercetin or a derivative thereof. = Fish feed of claim 6 wherein the composition contains 30% by weight of cysteamine or a salt thereof. -23- 9. U23158 6. Scope of application for patents 10. The fish feed according to item 7 of the patent application, wherein the composition substantially comprises 20% by weight of the carrier. 11. The fish feed according to claim 3, wherein the composition further comprises a component selected from the group consisting of a leavening agent, a filler, a chipping agent, an anchoring agent, and a coating material. 12. The fish feed according to claim 11, wherein the covering material is solid at room temperature. A fish feed according to claim 5, wherein the coating material is casing and is soluble in the intestinal tract of the fish. 14. The fish feed according to claim 11, wherein the covering material exhibits a multilayer structure in the composition. 15. A fish feed according to claim 11 wherein the coating material is suitable to remain insoluble at a pH of 1.5 to 3.5. 16. The fish feed according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the final feed further comprises a feed concentrate and/or a feed supplement. 17 • A fish feed according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the final feed comprises a group selected from the group consisting of rapeseed, cottonseed, soybean, fish meal, wheat bran, wheat grass powder, minerals, vitamins and binding agents. The right base feed. A fish feed according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the final feed substantially comprises 30 to 15 ppm of cysteamine. Such as Shen. The fish feed of the 18th patent range, wherein the final feed contains only 60 ppm of cysteamine. 2 鱼类 fish feed according to item 3 or 4 of the scope of the patent application, where the final -24- 1323158 VI. Scope of Application The feed substantially comprises from 1 to 500 ppm of the composition. 6 21. The fish feed according to claim 20, wherein the final feed substantially comprises 200 ppm of the composition. 22. The fish feed according to claim 3, wherein the final feed comprises 33 to 165 ppm of cysteamine in its dry state. 23. The fish feed according to claim 3, wherein the final feed comprises from 11 to 55 ppm of the composition in the dry form of the cancer. A method of preparing a fish feed according to claim 2 or 2, which comprises the step of mixing the cysteamine-containing compound with a base feed. 25. A method for increasing the growth of fish and/or increasing the weight of a fish' comprising the steps of: (i) providing the fish with a cysteamine composition to increase the growth of the fish and/or increase the weight of the fish; Or (11) feeding the fish with a fish feed comprising a cysteamine-containing composition, wherein the cysteamine-containing composition substantially comprises: (a) 1 to 95% by weight of NH2-CH2-CH2-SH a cysteamine of the formula or a salt thereof; and (b) from 1 to 80% by weight of a carrier as a matrix material for the coating compound to reduce the side effects of cysteamine and maintain the activity of cysteamine. -25-