1321415 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種環狀網路(ring netw〇rk)架構。特別 是關於將複數個環狀網路耦合起來的環狀網路耦合架構。 【先前技術】 電腦網路可以簡單定義為：將多數電腦或通訊設備互 . 相連接，所形成的整體作業環境。若以涵蓋範圍來區分， 可以簡單分為區域網路(Local Area Network，LAN)、都會網 路(Metropolitan Area Network，MAN)、廣域網路(Wide Area1321415 IX. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a ring network architecture. In particular, it relates to a ring network coupling architecture that couples a plurality of ring networks. [Prior Art] A computer network can be simply defined as: the overall working environment formed by connecting most computers or communication devices to each other. If it is differentiated by coverage, it can be easily divided into Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), and Wide Area Network (Wide Area).
Network，WAN)等三種。其中區域網路是涵蓋範圍最小的網 路，通常是以同一辦公室、同一楝建築、或同一個校園為 範圍的網路。 在網路的世界中’為了能順利傳輸及交換資料，必須 有共同遵守的規則，因此通訊協定就應運而生。目前的通 訊協定以 International Organization of Standardization(IOS) 在 1984 年所訂定的 Open System Interconnection (OSI)以及 IEEE所制定的project 802系列為主要通訊協定。而乙太網 Φ 路(Ethemet)就是目前最常見的區域網路架構之一。 網路架構不單指網路的連結拓璞型式(t〇p〇1〇gy)，還包 含網路的實體媒介與資料存取方式，OSI網路模型是理想 狀態下的網路架構，在現實世界中所看到的網路架構則包 含乙太網路(Ethernet)、記號環網路(Token-Ring)、ARCnet、Network, WAN) and so on. The regional network is the smallest network, usually in the same office, the same building, or the same campus. In the world of the Internet, in order to be able to transmit and exchange data smoothly, there must be rules for mutual compliance, so the communication protocol came into being. The current communication protocol is based on the Open System Interconnection (OSI) set by the International Organization of Standardization (IOS) in 1984 and the project 802 series developed by IEEE as the main communication protocol. Ethmet is one of the most common regional network architectures. The network architecture does not only refer to the network connection topology (t〇p〇1〇gy), but also includes the physical media and data access methods of the network. The OSI network model is the ideal network architecture in reality. The network architecture seen in the world includes Ethernet, Token-Ring, ARCnet,
AppleTalk、FDDI(Fiber Distributed Data Interface)等許多種 網路架構。 環狀網路(ring network)是網路拓璞結構中的一種，網 路中的各即點串連連接，構成閉合環狀，每個節點都可以 5 1321415 與任何其他的節點通信。上述節闕常 網路設備..等所構成。 屯岛、、^又備、 然，，環狀網路並非單純的只是讓訊息沿著 先過母-個節點’它的訊息傳遞路徑是 ^Many kinds of network architectures such as AppleTalk and FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface). A ring network is one of the network topology. Each point in the network is connected in series to form a closed ring. Each node can communicate with any other node. The above-mentioned thrift is often composed of network equipment.屯岛,,^又备,然,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
：重新開始在另-邊。因此，每個節點都:將C ff，多少，都不會有訊息減弱的疑慮。同；^ =的信息«方式也使其具有#發= 機 換功能 咬工目/f狀轉架财顧在許乡_網路 i I f系統中’且在每個網路節點都設置了交換 由各父換機連結到相關設備，以提供網路資訊交 巧是就某些系統而言，由於部分設備位於遠端 =;ί:ίπ:設狀網 設備’也容易造成整個“網 及穩1度降低’傳輸品質無率也會受到影響。 足，ίΐΐί ’發明人有感於目前網路架構的缺失與不 ί的此i本剌的主要在於提供—種環狀網 路的輕口架構及其竹生的各種型態，以解決上述的問題。 【發明内容】 谨主要目的係在於提供一種環狀網路輕合架 t蓋環狀網_合起來，讓各環狀網路得以互 環狀網路並相福合，使得網路系統更具狐 本發明之另一目的’在於提供一 之冗餘機制的運作方法。藉此備援方法可有 6 :25:2:2斷線的問題’以提升環狀網路耦合架 狀網種，狀網路耦合架構，係由複數個環 組，定義於-第一二2狀網路耦合架構係包含-耦合群 其中耦合者係指用第由合者所組成。 之交換機。# °線_合鄕二環狀網路上所對應 包，且掌控贱糾控制封 線路，使:iii: ^用以阻隔從屬者所鏈結之麵合 為第王-ϋ路成為一備用路徑。其中，該主要路徑俜 第，路間資訊傳輸的主要通i 斷線時=====)，當^路徑發生 輸的備用通道。所叙_職’成為提供資訊傳 方法架構之冗餘機制運作 制封包交:者定時距會發出一第一控 定主ft包；掌控者判 者；待命者導通所阻隔“二制封 址的更新封包至環狀網路上 路 機應由備用路徑傳輸資料。 谷又換 方法網路輕合架構之冗餘機制運作 中核狀網路皆為具有冗餘管理員之冗餘環狀網路。正常狀 每隔一定時距會送出-第二控制封包到從屬 iiifii ’用以告知掌控者本身的狀態，當待命者ί 者發生老化(aging)狀況時，冗餘機 抑二Tm命者或從屬者遺失既歧數之第-定網路架射有掌控者轉麟線的情t ===備用路徑之琿導通;待命者傳送一第=制 ΐ=ί=ί之交換機;交換機將網路狀態告知苐 路之几餘#理者；及冗餘管理者發出-第四控ί: Restart on the other side. Therefore, each node has: C ff, how much, there will be no doubt that the message will be weakened. The same as ^; = information « way also makes it have # hair = machine change function bite work / f-shaped turntable in the Xuxiang _ network i I f system ' and is set in each network node Exchange is connected by the parent to the relevant device to provide network information. In some systems, because some devices are located at the far end =; ί: ίπ: set network device 'is also easy to cause the entire network and Steady 1 degree reduction 'transmission quality rate will also be affected. Foot, ίΐΐί 'Inventors have a sense of the current lack of network architecture and the lack of this is mainly to provide a kind of ring network of light mouth The architecture and its various forms of bamboo are used to solve the above problems. [Summary of the Invention] The main purpose of the invention is to provide a ring network light-framed t-ring ring network _ together, so that each ring network can mutually The ring network is in harmony, making the network system more fox. Another purpose of the invention is to provide a redundant mechanism of operation. The backup method can be disconnected by 6:25:2:2. The problem of 'enhanced ring network coupling frame network type, network network coupling architecture, is composed of multiple The group, defined in the first two-two network coupling architecture, includes a coupling group, wherein the coupler is composed of the first party. The switch of the #° line_合鄕二环网络, And control the circuit to control the circuit, so that: iii: ^ is used to block the link of the slave to the king - the road becomes an alternate path. Among them, the main path is the first, the main communication between the roads i When the line is disconnected =====), when the path of the ^ path occurs, the alternate channel becomes the redundant mechanism for providing the information transmission method structure. The packet is sent: the timing will send a first control. The main ft package; the master controller; the standby person is blocked by the "two system address update package to the ring network on the road should be transmitted by the alternate path. The valley is replaced by the redundant mechanism of the network light architecture. The nuclear network is a redundant ring network with redundant administrators. The normal shape will be sent at regular intervals - the second control packet to the subordinate iiifii 'to inform the controller of its own state, when the standby ί is aging, the redundant machine suppresses the Tm or the subordinate The loss of the number of the first-fixed network is controlled by the controller. The === alternate path is turned on; the standby sends a switch with the ====================================================================== The status tells the number of the road to the #理理; and the redundant manager issued - the fourth control ί
交:機ί:ί::路3目前狀態更新到第二環狀網路上 料到=:，並告知交換機需經由備用路徑傳輪資 為了能更進-步瞭解本發明之特徵及内容，請參 下有關本發明之詳細說明與附圖。 【實施方式】 本發明之環狀網路_合架構(ring network coupling )係 ，複數個環狀網路所輕合而成，且各環狀網路可為一具有 几，機制之環狀網路。其中，每―環狀網路皆具有一個冗 餘二理者，用崎出控觸包，並在網路有斷線狀況時產 生冗於機制’以使得資料得以暫時恢復傳輸。 明參照圖一，係為本發明所提供之環狀網路麵合架 構L圖中包括第一環狀網路1以及第二環狀網路2,其中， 兩裒狀’判路本身皆具有複數個交換機之類的網路設備，且 上述之環狀網路可為乙太網路。 耦合群組，定義於第一環狀網路上，由複數個耦合者 (coupler)所組成，輪合者储用_合至其他環狀網路 8 1321415 之父換機。也就是說，耦合者係分別透過各自的耦合線路 搞合到其他環狀網路上所對應之交換機， ~ 第一環狀網路1為了與第二環狀網路2產生耦合關 係，便於第一環狀網路1中選定兩交換機作為耦合者 (coupler) 101、102，並分別耦合到第二環狀網路2的二 換機 103、104。 此時，兩耦合者1(H、1〇2組成此環狀網路耦合架構之 耦合群組，並且分別自動選定耦合者1〇1成為一掌控者 (master) 111，以及另一耦合者1〇2成為一從屬^者 (slave)112。接著，由掌控者lu在從屬者112中挑選出具 有較佳搞合線路者成為待命者(standby)112。由於耦合群組 中只有兩個耦合者，故從屬者112即為一待命者112。 其中，掌控者111與交換機103之間的耦合線路係為 一主要路徑11。此主要路徑n為導通狀態，是兩環狀網 路間傳輸資料的主要通道。從屬者112與交換機1〇4之間 的耦合線路係為一備用路徑12，在主要路徑u不斷線的 正常狀況下，備用路徑12是被阻隔（bl〇ck)起來的。 莩控者111在環狀網路福合架構♦的主要工作是導通 耦合線路ll(forwar(jing coupiing㈣以及傳送控制封包 (trol packet)。從屬者112的主要工作是阻隔搞合線路 (blocking coupiing line)，也就是將備用路徑12阻隔起來。 右一個環狀網路耦合架構中具有複數個從屬者112時，就 會選定具雜錄合線路之從屬者112成為待命者112。 待命者112的主要工作是當掌控者ιη所屬的主要路徑n 產生斷線或故障時，待命者112就會隨即將其所阻隔之備 9 用路輕12導通，以提供資訊繼續傳輸。 環狀網路輕合架構在正常狀態下 ==時距發出-第-控制封㈣= 回封包的裝置都會給予回應，並傳送 沒=確認耦合線路以及交換機心 環狀網_合_在正常絲下，掌財U1 狀H制封包聰屬者112，以告知掌控者111本身的 ί二^屬者112確認掌控者111的狀態是正常的。通 續在每一固定時距傳送第二控制封包。 m遺失一既定次數(一般預設為三次)之第二控 匕日、，k屬者112會認為掌控者出了問題於是 便將所阻隔之備用路徑12導通。其中，第二控制封包亦傳 达控制線路(co咖i line)與環狀線路的狀態資訊且更包括 輕合蟑之更新資訊(coupling p〇rt，s FDB info.)。 當第一環狀網路1耦合到第二環狀網路2時，此環狀 網路耦合架構會進行一初始設置過程。首先會將第一環狀 網路的耦合者1〇卜1〇2皆設為一暫時掌控者。接著，兩暫 時掌控者皆送出第二控制封包到環狀網路上。其中，第二 控制封包所帶的資訊包含使用者的選定、路徑成本以及暫 時掌控者本身的網路實體位址(MAC)。 一般來說，掌控者111的選擇順位以使用者的選定最 為優先’再來是路徑成本，最後則是網路實體位址。由於 每個交換機的網路實體位址都是不同的，所以一定會選出 一個掌控者111。 藉由第二控制封包所帶資訊，由兩暫時掌_來選 —，較佳者，成為真正的掌控者111 ^換言之，若任 :暫時掌控者收到較佳的第二控制封包時，自身就會轉變 t個從屬者112。若一暫時掌控者所接收到的第二控制 士’匕之内容條件’皆比自身所發出的第二控制封包差的 j ’此暫時掌控者就會成為-真正的掌控者11卜接著， =屬者112將阻隔其輕合埠。掌控者U1並選定出一個待 命者112後’㈣餘始設置過程。 本發^之雜網_合架構之齡_ u發生斷線 =況時’城曝輕合架構騎㈣下冗餘卿的處理過 程三正常狀態下’掌控者⑴每隔—料距都會經由主要 路^ 11發出第—控制封包到所搞合之交換機1⑺，並且接 ，交換機103的回應訊息。而當掌控者111連續發送出既 ，次數之第一控制封包而都沒回應時，掌控者m就會判 疋主要路控11發生斷線的狀況。 掌控者111傳送一第三控制封包到待命者112,其中， 第二控制封包帶有斷線訊息之資訊。接著，掌控者1U便 脫離了耗合者的角色，而待命者112 _所_的埠，以 啟用備用]^徑12。最後’待命者112傳送L2位址的更新 封包至環狀網路上’告知網路上各交賴應由姻路徑12 傳輸資料。 本發明之環狀網路麵合架構之待命者112或從屬者 112涊疋掌控者111發生老化(aging)狀況時，掌控者ln 所鏈結的槔會產生如_線的狀態，環狀網路搞合架構將 進行以下冗餘機制的處理過程。由於在正常狀態下，掌控 1321415 者一定時距都會送出第二控制封包到從屬者112 以及待命者m，用以告知掌控者U1本身的狀態。 ，以’當待命者112献屬者m遺失既定次數之第 二^封包時’即可狀_架射有掌控者m故障或 斷線的情形。待命者112就會將阻隔備用路徑12導 通’並且傳送第—控制封包到待命者ιΐ2所給之交= 104。，中’第—控制封包帶有目前狀態的資訊，告知網路 ΐΐίΐ奐:應由備用路徑12傳輸資料。交換機104將網路 狀b知第一核狀網路2之冗餘管理者。冗餘管理者發出 -第四控制封包到第二環狀網路2，將目前狀態更新到第 -壤狀網路2上交換機内之㈣庫，並告知交換機需經由 備用路徑12傳輸資料到第一環狀網路i。 圖-係為本發明所揭露之環狀網_合架構的第 型態，第-環狀網路i中具有一輕合群組，輕合群組内包 括兩她合者im、⑽，並分別轉控者⑴與從屬 命者)112，用以耦合至第二環狀網路2。 圖-係為本發明所減之歡網軸合架構的第一種 型態之衍生。第-環_路丨中具有合群組，輕合群 組内包括複數個耦合者201、202、203。其中，一個耦合 者201為掌控者211 ’其他的麵合者2〇2、2〇3皆為從屬者 212、213 ’並由從屬者212、213中選出待命者213。此架 構的好處是可以具有-個以上的從屬者212、213，以提供 更多的備用路徑22、23。如此-來，當主要路徑21斷線 時’將會導通備用路徑22，若備用路徑22又斷線時，可 再導通另-備用路徑23，使得整個網路架構的可靠度與穩 12 定度更高。 ”圖三係為本發明所揭露之環狀網路耦合架構的第二種 ^態’可用以齡兩個以上的環狀網路。如圖三所示，此 ，網路架構具有第一環狀網路1、第二環狀網路2及第三環 狀，周路3。在第一環狀網路1上設定兩個搞合群組分別用 ，合至第二環狀網路2及第三環狀網路3。其中，第一 %狀網路之-輕合群組内之掌控者315與從屬者分別 魯透過其所鏈結之輕合路徑(主I路徑33、備用路徑34崩合 至第二環狀網路2之交換機307、308。另外，第一環狀網 路之另-编合群組内之掌控者3U無屬者3M分別透過 其所鏈結之耦合路徑(主要路徑31、備用路徑32)耦合至第 二環狀網路3之兩交換機3〇1、302。 在此型態下的環狀網路耦合架構並不侷限於僅耦合兩 個環狀網路，係可依照相同的技術手段搞合複數個環狀網 路。並且可依照網路應用需求，在一個耦合群組内包含複 數個耦合者，也就是除了有一個掌控者之外，可以有複數 鲁 個從屬者，並由從屬者中再選出一個待命者。 圖四係為本發明所揭露之環狀網路輕合架構的第三種 型態，係以一個輕合群組輕合兩個以上的環狀網路。如圖 四所示，第一環狀網路1中僅具有一個耦合群組，耦合群 組中包括複數個耦合者403、404，耦合者中具有掌控者413 以及從屬者414。其中，掌控者413分別藉由耦合線路(主 要路徑43、主要路徑41)與第二環狀網路2之交換機4〇5 以及弟二％狀網路3之父換機4〇1麵合。從屬者々Μ分別 藉由耦合線路(備用路徑44、備用路徑42)與第二環狀網路 13 1321415 2之交換機406以及第三環狀網路3之交換機4〇2耦合。 圖四所揭露之環狀網路耦合架構的第三種型態，由於 只需一個耦合群組就可以與複數個環狀網路產生耦合，所 以對於網路設備數量上的節省，有很大的幫助。 5月參照圖五，係為環狀網路輕合架構之麵合線路η 發生斷線狀況時’環狀網軸合架構將進行冗餘機制的流 程圖。掌控者111連續遺失既定次數之第一控制封包 (S501)。掌控者111就會欺主要職u發生斷線(S5降 掌控者111傳送第三控制封包到待命者112(S5〇3)e待命者 112導通所阻隔的埠，以啟用備用路徑12(S5〇4)。待命者 112傳送L2位址的更新封包至環狀網路上，告知網路上各 交換機應由備用路徑12傳輸資料(S5〇5)。 請參照圖六，係環狀網路耦合架構之待命者112或從 屬者112認定掌控者⑴發生老化(aging)狀況時，掌控者 111所鏈結鱗會產生如晴線的狀態，環狀網路輕合架 構將進行冗餘機制的流程圖。待命者112或從屬者112遺 失既疋次數之第一控制封包(§6〇1)。判定網路架構中有堂 控者⑴轉或斷線的情卵6〇2)。待命者112將阻隔備 用路！ 12之埠導通(S603)。待命者112傳送第一控制封包 到待命者112所搞合之交換機1()4_4)。交換機1〇4將網 路狀態告知第二環狀網路2之冗餘管理者(S6G5)。冗餘管 理者發出-第四控制封包到第二環狀瓣2，將目前狀態 更新到第二環狀網路2上交換機内之資料庫，並告知交換 機而經由_路彳2 I2傳輸資料到第―環狀網路聯〇6)。 综上所述，本發明所揭露之具有環狀網路编合架構， 14 具有相當多的伽。第-、可職數個環狀網路輕合起來， 讓各環狀網路得以互相溝通連結。藉此可依實際需求而 將-個大的或涵蓋區域廣大的轉祕，織為數個子環 狀網路並予吨合，使制路纽更性跟效率。、 ，㈣ϊί、ίΐ明提供了環狀網路絲架構之冗餘機制的 备ί核狀網路間耦合之主要路徑產生斷線，或 $負貝，5的交換機發生故障的時候，環狀網路輕合架構 線路 可 備用路經’使得各環狀網路間的資訊仍i以繼 援方法可有效的糊狀網路_合線 2斷線的_，以提升環狀網_合_之穩定性與 本發明雖以較佳實施例闡明如上，然其並非用以限定 本創作精神與創作實體，僅止於上述實施姻。因此，在 不脫離本創作之騎與範圍崎作之修改，均應包含在下 述之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 =一係本發明j展狀網路輕合架構之第一種架構示意圖； =意^本發日月馳網_合_之第-種_之衍生架 =一 ^本發明環狀網路輕合架構之第二種架構示意圖； 圖=發明#狀網路輕合架構之第三種架構示意圖； 之冗日树狀網路耦合雜·斷線狀況時，所進行 &几餘機制流程圖；及 二係彻者㈣物 1321415 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :第一環狀網路 3:第三環狀網路 12 :備用路徑 22 :備用路徑 31 :主要路徑 33 :主要路徑 41 :主要路徑 43 :主要路徑 101 :耦合者 103 :交換機 111 ;掌控者 201 :耦合者 203 :耦合者 205 :交換機 211 :掌控者 213 :從屬者(待命者) 302 :交換機 304 :耦合者 306 :耦合者 308 :交換機 314 :從屬者(待命者) 2:第二環狀網路 11 :主要路徑 21 :主要路徑 23 :備用路徑 32 :備用路徑 34 :備用路徑 42 :備用路徑 44 :備用路徑 102 :耦合者 104 :交換機 112 :從屬者(待命者) 202 :耦合者 204 :交換機 206 :交換機 212 :從屬者(待命者) 301 :交換機 303 :耦合者 305 :耦合者 307 :交換機 313 :掌控者 315 :掌控者 16 1321415 316:從屬者(待命者）401 402 :交換機 403 404 :耦合者 405 406 :交換機 413 414 :從屬者(待命者） :交換機 :耦合者 :交換機 :掌控者Pay: machine ί: ί:: The current status of the road 3 is updated to the second ring network to the =:, and the switch is informed that the switch needs to be transferred via the alternate path. In order to further understand the features and contents of the present invention, please Reference is made to the detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment] The ring network coupling of the present invention is a combination of a plurality of ring networks, and each ring network can be a ring network having several mechanisms. road. Among them, each ring network has a redundant controller, which uses the control packet and generates a redundant mechanism when the network is disconnected, so that the data can be temporarily restored. Referring to FIG. 1, a ring network interface structure provided by the present invention includes a first ring network 1 and a second ring network 2, wherein the two-shaped path itself has a plurality of numbers. A network device such as a switch, and the ring network described above may be an Ethernet network. The coupling group, defined on the first ring network, is composed of a plurality of couplers, and the wheeler stores the _ to the parent of the other ring network 8 1321415. That is to say, the coupler is respectively connected to the corresponding switch on the other ring network through the respective coupling lines, and the first ring network 1 is coupled with the second ring network 2 to facilitate the first Two switches in the ring network 1 are selected as couplers 101, 102 and coupled to the two switches 103, 104 of the second ring network 2, respectively. At this time, the two couplers 1 (H, 1〇2 constitute a coupling group of the ring network coupling architecture, and automatically select the coupler 1〇1 to become a master 111, and another coupler 1 〇2 becomes a slave 112. Then, the master who picks up the better line in the slave 112 becomes the standby 112. Since there are only two couplers in the coupling group Therefore, the slave 112 is a standby 112. The coupling line between the controller 111 and the switch 103 is a main path 11. The main path n is a conductive state, and the data is transmitted between the two ring networks. The main channel. The coupling line between the slave 112 and the switch 1〇4 is an alternate path 12, and the standby path 12 is blocked (bl〇ck) under the normal condition that the main path u is continuous. The main work of the 111 in the ring network architecture is to turn on the coupling line 11 (forwar (jing coupiing (four) and transmission control packet (trol packet). The main job of the slave 112 is to block the coupling coupiing line, That is, the alternate path 1 2 Blocking up. When there are multiple slaves 112 in the right ring network coupling architecture, the slave 112 of the recorded line is selected as the standby 112. The main job of the standby 112 is when the controller ιη belongs When the main path n is broken or faulty, the standby 112 will follow the path of the device 9 to provide information to continue transmission. The ring network is in the normal state == The device that sends the -first-control seal (four) = return packet will give a response, and the transmission is not = confirm the coupling line and the switch heart ring network _ _ under the normal wire, the U6-shaped H-package Satoshi 112, It is normal to inform the controller 111 of the controller 111 that the state of the controller 111 is normal. The second control packet is transmitted at each fixed time interval. m is lost for a predetermined number of times (generally preset to three times) On the second control day, the genus 112 will think that the controller has a problem and then turn on the alternate path 12 that is blocked. The second control packet also conveys the control line (co line i line) and the ring line. Status information and more The update information (coupling p〇rt, s FDB info.). When the first ring network 1 is coupled to the second ring network 2, the ring network coupling architecture performs an initial setup process. The coupler 1第一2 of the first ring network is set as a temporary controller. Then, both of the temporary controllers send the second control packet to the ring network, wherein the second control packet carries The information includes the user's selection, the path cost, and the network entity address (MAC) of the temporary controller itself. In general, the selection of the controller 111 is most prioritized by the user's choice, and then the path cost, and finally the network entity address. Since the physical address of each switch is different, a controller 111 will be selected. By the information contained in the second control packet, it is selected by two temporary palms, and preferably, becomes the real controller 111. In other words, if the temporary controller receives the better second control packet, It will transform t subordinates 112. If the second controller's content condition received by the temporary controller is worse than the second control packet sent by the user, the temporary controller will become the real controller. Owner 112 will block its lightness. After controlling the person U1 and selecting a standby person 112, the (4) remaining setting process. The hair of the hair _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The route 11 sends a first control packet to the engaged switch 1 (7), and receives the response message from the switch 103. When the controller 111 continuously sends out the first control packet of the number of times without responding, the controller m judges that the main road control 11 is disconnected. The controller 111 transmits a third control packet to the standby 112, wherein the second control packet has information about the disconnection message. Then, the controller 1U is out of the role of the consuming person, and the standby person 112 _ is _ to enable the alternate]^ path 12. Finally, the 'standby 112 transmits the updated packet of the L2 address to the ring network' to inform the network that the retribution should be transmitted by the marriage path 12. When the standby device 112 or the slave 112 of the ring network interface of the present invention experiences an aging condition, the link of the controller ln will generate a state such as a _ line, and the ring network The architecture will be handled by the following redundancy mechanisms. In the normal state, the control 1321415 will send the second control packet to the slave 112 and the standby m for a certain time interval to inform the controller U1 of its own state. When the standby person 112 devotees m loses the second number of packets of the predetermined number of times, it can be arbitrarily mounted with a fault or disconnection of the master. The standby 112 will block the alternate path 12 and transmit the first control packet to the standby ι 2 to give the intersection = 104. The medium-first control packet carries information about the current state, informing the network that the data should be transmitted by the alternate path 12. The switch 104 knows the network manager b as the redundant manager of the first core network 2. The redundant manager issues a fourth control packet to the second ring network 2, updates the current state to the (4) bank in the switch on the first-thick network 2, and informs the switch that the data needs to be transmitted via the alternate path 12. A ring network i. The figure is a first type of the ring network-integrated architecture disclosed in the present invention, the first ring network i has a light combination group, and the light combination group includes two her partners im, (10), and The switcher (1) and the slave 112 are respectively coupled to the second ring network 2. Figure - is a derivative of the first type of the hinged architecture of the invention. The first ring_road has a group, and the light group includes a plurality of couplers 201, 202, and 203. Among them, one coupler 201 is the controller 211 'other facers 2 〇 2, 2 〇 3 are slaves 212, 213 ' and the standby 213 is selected by the slaves 212, 213. The benefit of this architecture is that there can be more than one of the slaves 212, 213 to provide more alternate paths 22, 23. In this way, when the main path 21 is disconnected, the alternate path 22 will be turned on. If the alternate path 22 is disconnected, the other-alternate path 23 can be turned on again, so that the reliability and stability of the entire network architecture are 12 degrees. higher. Figure 3 is the second state of the ring network coupling architecture disclosed in the present invention. It can be used for more than two ring networks of different ages. As shown in Figure 3, the network architecture has the first ring. a network 1, a second ring network 2, and a third ring, the road 3. The two ring groups are set on the first ring network 1 for use in the second ring network 2 And a third ring network 3. The controllers 315 and the slaves in the first %-shaped network-light-weight group respectively pass through the link of the link (main I path 33, alternate path) 34 collapses to the switches 307, 308 of the second ring network 2. In addition, the controllers in the other-coupling group of the first ring network 3U are not connected to the 3M through the coupled path of the links (Primary path 31, alternate path 32) is coupled to two switches 3〇1, 302 of the second ring network 3. The ring network coupling architecture in this type is not limited to coupling only two ring networks. The road can be combined with a plurality of ring networks according to the same technical means, and can include a plurality of couplers in a coupling group according to the requirements of the network application. In addition to having one controller, there may be a plurality of subordinates, and one candidate is selected by the subordinates. Figure 4 is a third type of ring network lightweight architecture disclosed in the present invention. The two ring networks are lightly combined with one or more ring groups. As shown in FIG. 4, the first ring network 1 has only one coupling group, and the coupling group includes a plurality of couplers 403. 404. The coupler has a controller 413 and a slave 414. The controller 413 is connected to the second ring network 2 by the coupling line (main path 43, main path 41) and the second ring 2, respectively. The parent of the network 3 is switched over. The slaves are respectively connected by a coupling line (alternate path 44, alternate path 42) and a switch 406 of the second ring network 13 1321415 2 and a third ring. The network 3 switch 4〇2 is coupled. The third type of the ring network coupling architecture disclosed in Figure 4, since only one coupling group can be coupled with a plurality of ring networks, The savings in the number of road equipment is of great help. Refer to Figure 5 for May. The loopback condition of the ring network is the flow chart of the ring network. When the line is broken, the looper will perform the redundancy mechanism. The controller 111 continuously loses the first control packet of the specified number of times (S501). The controller 111 will bully the main job u (the S5 drop controller 111 transmits the third control packet to the standby 112 (S5〇3) e standby 112 is blocked by the access to enable the alternate path 12 (S5 〇 4) The standby 112 transmits an update packet of the L2 address to the ring network, informing each switch on the network that the data should be transmitted by the alternate path 12 (S5〇5). Referring to FIG. 6, the ring network coupling architecture When the standby 112 or the subordinate 112 determines that the controller (1) is aging, the controller 111's link scale will produce a state like a clear line, and the loop network architecture will perform a flow chart of the redundancy mechanism. . The standby 112 or the subordinate 112 loses the first control packet of the number of times (§6〇1). It is determined that there is a lover in the network architecture (1) turning or disconnecting 6〇2). Standby 112 will block the backup road! 12 is turned on (S603). The standby 112 transmits the first control packet to the switch 1() 4_4) to which the standby 112 is engaged. The switch 1〇4 informs the redundancy manager (S6G5) of the second ring network 2 of the network status. The redundant manager issues a fourth control packet to the second ringlet 2, updates the current state to the database in the switch on the second ring network 2, and informs the switch to transmit the data via the path 2 I2. The first ring network is connected to 6). In summary, the present invention has a ring network fabric architecture, 14 having a considerable number of gammas. The first and the number of ring networks that can be used are lightly combined, allowing the ring networks to communicate with each other. In this way, according to actual needs, a large or large area of the region will be woven into a number of sub-ring networks and will be combined to make the roads more efficient and efficient. , (4) ϊί, ΐ 提供 提供 提供 提供 提供 提供 提供 提供 提供 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状 环状The road-lighted architecture line can be used as an alternate route to make the information between the ring-shaped networks still effective in the splicing network _ _ _ 2 disconnected _ to improve the ring network _ _ The stability and the present invention are as described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, but are not intended to limit the spirit of the creation and the creative entity, but only to the above implementation. Therefore, modifications to the ride and scope that do not depart from this creation should be included in the scope of the patent application below. [Simple description of the schema] = a first schematic diagram of the architecture of the j-like network light-synthesis architecture of the present invention; = meaning ^本发日月驰网_合_的第-种_的衍生架=一^本A schematic diagram of the second architecture of the ring-shaped network light-splicing architecture is invented; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the third architecture of the invented network-like architecture; when the redundant tree-like network is coupled with the disconnection, the &; a number of mechanisms flow chart; and two systems (four) object 1321415 [main component symbol description] 1: first ring network 3: third ring network 12: alternate path 22: alternate path 31: main path 33 Main path 41: Main path 43: Main path 101: Coupler 103: Switch 111; Controller 201: Coupler 203: Coupler 205: Switch 211: Controller 213: Dependent (standby) 302: Switch 304: Coupler 306: Coupler 308: Switch 314: Dependent (standby) 2: Second ring network 11: Primary path 21: Primary path 23: Alternate path 32: Alternate path 34: Alternate path 42: Alternate path 44 : Alternate path 102: Coupler 104: Switch 112: Dependent (standby) 202 : Coupling 204: Switch 206: Switch 212: Dependent (standby) 301: Switch 303: Coupler 305: Coupler 307: Switch 313: Controller 315: Master 16 1321415 316: Dependent (standby) 401 402: Switch 403 404: Coupler 405 406: Switch 413 414: Dependent (standby): Switch: Coupler: Switch: Master