TWI310919B - Context-aware and real-time item tracking system architecture and scenariors - Google Patents

Description

1310919 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to tracking physical items. [Prior Art] Typical systems used to track physical projects typically include computer devices and software. Such systems maintain information that indicates conditions, such as where the object is being tracked today. Imagine this as a virtual world. In traditional systems, there is often a gap between the actual situation of an objective and the conditions indicated by the system. Gap is often caused by incorrect manual data entry and system limitations. The result of this type of problem is that, for the fact, traditional systems reflect distorted and fragmented images. In addition, most traditional systems can only observe a limited range and resolution. For example, the system can only distinguish the type and quantity of products and cannot distinguish individual items. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This specification describes methods and apparatus, including computer program products for context aware and instant tracking projects. The term "item" is used in this specification to refer to a real, physical object to avoid the use of the word "object (〇bj ect)", which is used hereinafter to refer to only one type of material. Processing structure (construct). In general, the present invention features systems, methods, and components that can be used to track items in various ways. A system in accordance with the present invention comprises a marking element comprising 6 1310919 information indicating a standard for marking one or more items, each marking comprising a globally unique identification symbol: a containing and marking The object interface component of the communication device, and further comprising means for receiving context information: a context-aware wisdom includes logic for processing context information and logic for indicating system actions in response to context information; and a communication intermediary software for Communication between components of the system and communication with devices external to the system. In general, the present invention features systems, methods, and components that can be used to implement context-aware and instant-tracking items. According to one aspect of this aspect, an action of receiving multiple instances of tag read data (tag_read_data) can be performed, each time containing information read from a tag attached to an item. The read information includes a unique digital identification mark automatically read from the mark, and each time the unique identification mark is read, the status information is also included, including a corresponding mark position and an attached item. The plurality of tag reading data includes information read from tags attached to the plurality of items; receiving one or more context information, each describing a related unmarkable physical condition (physical cirumstances), the context information Pointing out a state including a location of the condition, the plurality of contextual information as a whole includes information describing a plurality of conditions: using the received tag to read data and context information to maintain virtual items and virtual conditions in a virtual world The virtual item includes an item that can be used for each of the plurality of items, and the virtual condition includes each of the plurality of conditions A person object, each object represents the state of its corresponding item or situation; and detecting interaction occurs between virtual virtual situation with representatives of the status of the project on behalf of the world community in the virtual 71,310,919 project. In general, the present invention features components, methods, and elements that enable information to be obtained between businesses and that can be implemented in various aspects of the method of the present invention. According to this aspect, a method for receiving a plurality of tags to read data from a first enterprise can be performed, and each time a message is automatically read from a tag attached to an item, the information read is Include at least one unique digit identification mark, each time reading the unique identification mark also includes status information, including a corresponding mark position and an attached item thereof, the multiple mark read received from the first enterprise The data collection system includes information read from a mark attached to the first plurality of items; the mark read data includes data derived from the first data processing system of the first enterprise: use received from the first enterprise Marking the read data to maintain virtual representations in the virtual world, the virtual representations comprising representatives representing each of the plurality of items, each virtual representation representing the state of its corresponding item: The second enterprise receives the second mark reading data multiple times, each time automatically including a mark attached to an item and containing at least one unique digit identification mark. The information obtained, each time also contains status information, including the location of the corresponding mark and the item to which it is attached, and the plurality of mark reading data received from the second enterprise entirely includes self-attachment to at least one of the first plurality of items The information read in the tag, the tag read data received from the second enterprise contains data from a second data processing system of the second enterprise: using the tag read data received from the second enterprise to maintain the virtual world A virtual representation in 8 1310919, the virtual representation comprising a representation of each of the second plurality of items, each virtual representation representing the status of its corresponding item, wherein the token received from any enterprise representing a particular item The reading data is used to update the virtual representation corresponding to the item: and the available virtual information is generated by the updated virtual representation and the virtual world to the first and second businesses. In general, the present invention features a system, method for updating information attached to a writable indicia, and components installed to perform various aspects of the method of the present invention. According to one aspect of the present aspect, the action may be performed to receive a first attribute information in a system for a first item, wherein the first characteristic information is taken from a first item attached to the first item. An information automatically read in a mark, the first characteristic information includes a first identification mark to identify the first item; and the second item is received in the system by the second item, wherein the second characteristic information is taken from the attached The data automatically read in a second mark of the second item, the second characteristic information includes a second identification mark to identify the second item; and the receiving in the system is taken from a sensor located in the second item Automatically reading the data; receiving the relationship information in the system to indicate the relationship between the first item and the second item; maintaining a first and a second virtual item representing the first and second items respectively in the system, the object maintenance Representing information of the first characteristic information, the second characteristic information, and the sensor information, respectively, and maintaining a virtual condition representing the relationship between the first and second items in the system, And the information in the virtual situation identifies a warning condition, and the warning status is related to the first item: in response to the police, 9 1310919 shows that the time of the 9th place is in the position of the material in the place. The world is reversed, the shape is pre-formed. The status information generates updated characteristic information to be written into the first item; after the alarm condition is recognized, the presence of the first mark at a mark write location is detected in the system and the mark is made when the mark is detected at the mark write position Write the information in the write update to the tag. An advantageous implementation may have more than one of the following features. In the virtual world, information about projects and conditions is mapped to inter-dimensional, three-dimensional, and unique identities of virtual global standardization, where projects and conditions can be tracked through space and time. The method also produces a virtual world alert to a user who determines whether a detected interaction affects a majority of the project, wherein the user is a natural person or a computer. The method also maintains a representation of each item in the virtual world and the current location of each condition, each representation reflecting the most recently received token readings and contextual information. The method also expresses the condition by latitude, longitude and altitude. This method also maintains a history of project locations and status locations. The method also derives a prediction of the future location of one project from the virtual world based on the historical record of the project location. The method also derives a prediction of future locations based on the historical record of the status. The method also maintains a representation of the current state of each item and condition in the virtual world, each of which represents the most recently received tag read data and context information. This method also protects the history of project status and status status. The method also derives a measure of the future state of at least one item from the virtual world based on the historical record of the project state. The method also derives predictions of future states based on historical records of status conditions. The method also combines a timestamp with each tag reading data with an entity of 10 1310919 context information, each timestamp being synchronized to a single standard. The unmarkable condition includes a weather-related condition: the position of the weather-related condition is described by at least one latitude, longitude, and altitude. The unmarkable condition includes a traffic accident, and the location of the traffic accident is described by at least one latitude, longitude, and altitude. The method also receives one or more hierarchy information entities, each time describing a hierarchy of items represented in the virtual world; and utilizing the received hierarchy information to maintain each of the virtual worlds A virtual condition that represents one of the hierarchical systems. In some specific projects included in other projects, at least one hierarchy is a relationship between projects. The method also receives the sensor information of the sensor of the first item: and updates the device information to the first virtual item for the first item. The method also receives the entity of the context information from the external system. The method also receives an entity of the contextual information, wherein the entity includes telemetry data taken from a sensor located at a particular location. The method also receives telemetry data generated by sensors located at a particular point or region and indicates conditions at the particular point or region; and detects in the virtual world that an item is above or within the point or region When it is affected by the condition indicated by the telemetry data, a warning is generated to the user, and when it is displayed in the virtual world, the user is a natural person or a computer program. The method also receives temperature data generated by a temperature sensor located at a particular point or region and represents the current temperature of the point or region within the virtual condition in the virtual world. and detecting that an item is located in the virtual world A warning is generated to the user when the current temperature is above or within the point or region. When the item and the current temperature are not in the virtual world, the method will also trigger a move when the temperature is satisfied. Wherein the user rule is attached to a virtual or virtual virtual world attached to a virtual form according to the virtual world and responds to a current or past representation and responds to a special item in a project having a special boundary. In general, this product is provided with a majority of the mark on the item by the location information from at least the translation, and provides it to the rate identification mark. Each has its own electronic product code. The shipping document of the commercial document, the user of which is a natural person or a computer program. An exception is attached to a virtual item; and an abnormality occurs at the temperature. The action includes generating a warning for use as a natural person or computer program. This method will also operate the rule in a tribute to trigger an alert event. The current message triggers the action. This method will also—in the case, the rule can be manipulated to trigger an alert event or an action to trigger an action. The method also receives an inquiry about the current or past state when the item is in the virtual world. The method also receives and processes status queries. The project is now or in the past with a series of projects. The project is now or in the past is represented in the virtual world as a method and device, including computer program companies accessing items in a supply chain. Information. Attached and read-to-mark information and the enterprises in the provisioning supply chain that the company provides and uses to maintain the project. The tag can have an ePC (electronic product code) for the radio frequency. It is controlled by the visibility of the configuration information. The visible information can include the relationship between the special order, such as the order and the shipping document. The information obtained can be used to confirm that the 12 subscripts of the shipment are only attached to the receipt of the identification. The feline chain can be taken as the number 1310919 and the integrity. The system according to the invention includes receiving from a first enterprise. The method of marking the read data, each time including information that is self-attached to a destination tag, the read information includes an automatic reading of a tag identification mark from the tag, each time including a corresponding tag position and When the mark identification mark is read from the mark, the whole system of the multiple mark read data from the first enterprise contains information read from the most items attached; the data is read using the mark received from the first company. Project maintenance configuration information: a method of receiving a plurality of second marked materials from a second enterprise, each time including a self-attachment to a target Reading the information, the read information includes a unique identification mark automatically read from the mark, and the position of the corresponding mark is included each time and the attached mark identification mark is read from the mark, and the received from the second enterprise The entire record of the multi-recorded data contains information from the mark attached to most items; the information is read from the mark received from the second enterprise to configure information for the item, wherein the book is received from any enterprise for a specific item The data is used to update the configuration information; and the configuration information is made available to most enterprises in the supply including the first enterprise and the second enterprise. Advantageous implementations of the system of the present invention may include additional features. The present invention includes The enterprise receives the third plurality of tags to read the data, each time including information that is self-attached to a tag for reading, the information includes a unique tag identification tag that is automatically read from the tag, and also includes a corresponding tag. Position and its attachment item, when the mark is recognized from the mark readout, the multiple mark received from the third enterprise reads the lot of the mark to Reading the reading of the secondary reading η The reading of each receipt 13 1310919 contains the marking reading data received from the third enterprise read from the marking attached to most items to maintain the project for a specific project. The tag received from any enterprise updates the configuration information. The system that can implement the system of the present invention for attachment includes radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, each RFID tag carrying code (ePC) as a unique tag identification token. The visibility of the present invention is controlled visibility: and the system of the present invention is more information-intensive, indicating the degree to which the configuration information should be visible within the supply chain; and the method of allowing a particular enterprise to see only if the authorization information allows configuration. The system in which the present invention can be implemented contains a plurality of project characteristics, and authorization information regarding at least one of them indicates the project characteristics that the enterprise can see. Can be implemented so that most companies include a source company and a destination enterprise for an order with an order from the destination company to issue an order for a physical shipment to prepare to fulfill the order shipment file: visibility includes mark reading data and The visibility of the relationship between the business documents including the shipping documents; the inclusion of the visibility of the items in the project; the inclusion of the following includes the following: the identification of the shipment document corresponding to the item in the shipment, the identification document and each shipment identification mark with a shipment Numbering message: and the relevant order documents to compare the shipping number with an order: to combine the tag reading data with the shipping information: use configuration information, read data for most items frequency, electronic product system, including receiving Authorizing a specific enterprise to be able to inform the status of the information, the system of the present invention, the source enterprise document and an order document of the goods and the party symbol for providing the enterprise shipment information; the method for combining the combined capital numbers With 14 1310919 and making Companies can obtain the combination of methods to make the enterprises for the purpose of shipping an item can be used to confirm a shipping tag identification mark. In general, the present invention features a method and apparatus for communicating between distributed system nodes of a tracking project, including computer program products. The system of the present invention comprises a node hierarchy system in a first enterprise, the node hierarchy comprising one or more upper nodes and one or more ocal nodes, each of which is a descendant of an upper node And a node hierarchy in a second enterprise, the node hierarchy includes one or more upper nodes and one or more regional nodes, each of which is a descendant of an upper node. In the system, each node maintains a mapping between multiple projects and the responding nodes. The image indicates for each project that at least one node for the project is a designated response node and that there are different designated response nodes for at least two items. Each entity can be operated to receive a plurality of entities for reading data from the project, each time containing information read from a tag attached to a destination, the read information including a unique digit identification automatically read from the tag The mark, each time also contains the position of the corresponding mark and its attached item. When the mark identification mark is read from the mark, the plurality of mark read data system includes information read from a plurality of marks attached to the plurality of items. ; and each time the data is read for the tag. Each node can be operated to associate tag read data with a designated response node that is specified by the image maintained by the node. Advantageous implementations of the system of the present invention may include additional features. The system of the present invention can be implemented such that the image established at a first node is different from the image of a 15 1310919 created at a second node. The implementable project receives, from a node and a finger node, a product relating to the location of the new item, which may have a manufacturer or project, generally, a method for configuring information of the present invention, and a system including a monitoring system, and One to identify one or more tag identification tokens, one cloth event to one or more destination systems to subscribe to events received by one or more events to route events for each event, and to send out events. This and higher-end application products. The operative device receives a set of application applications: from the invention, the additional information is communicated to the calibrated response node and the information is reflected. About receiving tags Hierarchy. This tag identifies the level. Features are available in one sub-device, including computer programs, one or more users, packages or multiple event routers. Mark the project, generate something to read the identification token, and an event router. The event can be received by one or more tagged items and in one or more tagged items to maintain a list of users to the user. The feature is a method for transferring data between the senses and a computer program according to the present invention, the rule indicating which one or more mark readers are to buy the tribute for the purpose, the node receives the specified Additional information and multiple item identifiers for reading data can be used to specify a contact product in a system. The system of the present invention includes a tracking mark item operable to monitor the system component, the event including a time stamp, concurrently acting to track the event of the marked item, and updating the configuration information from the time the event is accepted. The self-monitoring system receives the device or the actuator device, including the computer program product, so that the data of the data office is configured to be received, including the project identification 16 1310919 E, and the identification or identification of the device and the multi-user The item data of the mark is not set, and each item identification mark is read from the digital mark attached to an entity item, and the item identification mark uniquely identifies that the item receives additional item data from other sensor devices, and the other sense device For devices other than the tag reader, the additional project material includes a physical item attribute attached to an item identifier, the additional item data being associated with a plurality of items identified by the tag reader: using the rule, the item is marked And the additional project data to determine which project identification mark and the sub-set of the project data are to be configured in the external application; and the external application data is only composed of the received project identification mark and a subset of the additional target data. The computer program can be further operated to receive data from an external program, the data including the fixed data for controlling the actuator device; converting the setting data to a type compatible with the actuator device; and configuring the converted setting Data to the file actuator unit. In general, the present invention features a method for contacting tracking information. The method of the invention comprises receiving a plurality of identification codes, each information code uniquely identifying a combined virtual item: arranging the plurality of identification codes into one or more identification code sets, and identifying each identification code in the identification code set a redundant encoding portion; creating a file containing a collection of one or more identification codes; and organizing the files into a hierarchical architecture so that for each subset of the identification, the redundant portions are listed once and each identified The code lists the excess that is omitted. In general, the present invention features a method and apparatus for filtering tracking information. The method includes extracting a plurality of identification codes 17 1310919 combined with a plurality of virtual items, the virtual item includes a project and a container of the item, each identification code is a character uniquely identifying the combined virtual item; within each identification code The placement character indicates that the combined object is an item or a container; and each identification code corresponds to an item or container based on the placed element. In general, the present invention features a method and apparatus for contacting a project tracking asset. The method includes establishing tracking information to collect items, and tracking information represents each item as one or more characteristics and selected pair values: the tracking information can be encoded by using an obvious encoding feature of the corresponding encoding scheme to encode the tracking information; Sending the encoded tracking resource to a recipient; deciding which feature the recipient can be authorized to access; and providing the recipient with a set of side code schemes that include only features regarding the use of authorized access. The coding scheme. The present invention may be implemented to understand one or more of the following advantages. A system in accordance with the present invention can be aware of a virtual, non-limiting number of items as other things in the real world and between projects and other things. The system of the invention can be implemented on a wide range of scales. The system structure of the present invention is easily compatible with it and can be configured with a wide variety of applications at the same time. The structure supports tracking a wide variety of things such as a project or a situation that affects an item. As such, the structure allows for a variety of features to be combined with a tracking project condition. It can be divided into hierarchies and other things that are related to tracking things and used to track things within relationships. The structure is open to any kind of source, including all types of sensors and scanners, as well as systems that provide status information such as weather, traffic conditions, transportation, such as air and rail links. The process of the g or the inter-materials 18 1310919 is to be known as the system and the standardization of the current measurement, the time of arrival, and so on. The system of the present invention provides a versatile and intelligent combination between the real world and the virtual world to provide contextual and immediate tracking. The system of the present invention integrates context-aware wisdom. This intelligence enables the present invention to know which geospatial events affect which of the items in the tracking and respond to those events to take action. The system of the present invention can provide dynamic context aware intelligence using common ground capabilities. Based on the available data in telemetry data, the system of the present invention can understand where, how, and what projects are related to each other at a particular time and act further based on definitions. Existing software and hardware systems can be incorporated into the system of the present invention using a non-proprietary open interface. Using these interfaces, the system of the present invention can be used as a system to upgrade existing systems without the need for plug-ins. For example, the system of the present invention can provide a non-proprietary open interface to virtually integrate various tags, tag readers, scanners, sensors, and applications. The system of the present invention can include an application that can read data from a project mark and write it into it. The system of the present invention can include universal instant telemetry. The system of the present invention integrates existing geographic information systems (GIS) and data. The system of the present invention supports the development of a new or enhanced application that spans a wide range of industries. Such applications include, but are not limited to, those related to supply chaining, asset tracking and management, security and access control, transportation, expense auction points, and baggage management. 19 1310919 The system of the present invention can be utilized from a region to a full 梂_麻*J king ball class. It means that the system of the invention can be used to support commercial early positions, a single company or a group of five or more industries. The system of the present invention can track items and conditions in real time. The system of the present invention can provide projects or group lines in the past and in the past, for example, " hotline communication or through a network such as her network. Through various kinds of creations, the future will be a large number of long-term museums and can be global (4), *-type projects can be individually added to 榡$ 识 ' ' in _ multi-instance # 用自欲 w 贝" A use automatic knowledge induction The invention system can operate across industries and companies to provide a smart enterprise layer: project tracking solution. The system of the present invention provides an open, scalable business method that can be applied across multiple industries and applications. And the business method allows the customer to generically define and introduce the virtual-to-network software system of the project, attach rules based on dynamic contextual data, and query the system of the present invention for a number of related assets. The current and past situation of the object. The information of the chase is based on the level of the block (field-丨eve). The authorization definition can be shared among the partners. Through the non-proprietary interface, ie the browser or self-describing file can be

The extended non-language file, the system of the present invention is available for access by D and external applications. If there are any separate marked items and the data is upgraded, the system of the present invention can be largely manipulated in time and space. The system of the present invention provides an open, non-proprietary interface to the sensor, the M and the service that tracks and provides its location, and/or telemetry data from it, the project to its context. The system of the present invention also provides for the service of the sensor, device, and data to the physical item or the marking of the data that can be received by the non-exclusive device. The system of the present invention provides a user interface, an application interface, and a virtual representation of the individual tagged items and their hierarchy: the tools of the system, including specific features and methods; and the definition of rules based on the system, the dynamic contextual data can trigger actions; To define entities:: Other virtual representations that affect the role of the project define sophisticated data access transitions that are included in the data representing the project & other real-world things: the level of the feature - the level of the feature; Guided by the current and past contextual characteristics of the tracking project: and displayed; and share project-related information between partners on the network. The present invention is available to a variety of entities for their respective purposes, and can be tailored each time with respect to its tagged item, its data input device, and the chase that can be seen by other entities using the system of the present invention. This other entity may use this information and benefit from the experience and experience of the entire community of users of the system of the present invention, regardless of its purpose.

What kind of information is collected or provided? B Beixen does not need future benefits in various aspects and benefits of various contributions, or county Gansu, and its beneficial interactions are considered when making contributions. The system of the present invention enables the most historical record of the actual configuration of the cargo during the loading of the vehicle to support the shipment during the shipment process, such as during shipment or early arrival. The system of the present invention provides a supply key with great visibility. The system of the present invention permanently integrates all reliability, guarantor, customer reflow, theft certificate, and other commercial processes into the existing system to avoid duplication of the functionality of 21 1310919. The system of the present invention is subject to the use of the most automatic functions, and the purpose of the flag is to mark the blade. For example, it is possible to establish a clearing by the basis of the operation. The system of the present invention is operative. The software upgrade can be stored in the _general structure at π # # 乂, and the general structure will not change even if it is dynamically changed. In the event of failure: the extensive recovery mechanism enables the system to report recovery quickly. "' Low Deviation The present invention & μ, + ^ 糸 system to support a large number of enabling mechanisms can be removed from the consultant. The mechanism used to enable the resource to ask questions on the information is limited to the data of the past. Can make the load too heavy. Ling because of too many inquiries, when each is chased +, geographically dispersed in the system, in order to ensure that the location of the location and the configuration of the latest synchronization observation, too only Need a low-level consultation w 4 ', the data is linked between the nodes. One point to the rest of the system, when Qiu Ba, the communication between the rest of the system is inoperable, allows the festival to go to the local area without a monthly connection. Unconnected/continued business operations. The system of the present invention has been re-wired, and the unconnected data has been reliably contacted with the unreceived changes received by the article & t and has not been reported from other sections. The line node gets in touch. In addition, the '3' level of the middle-level high-level ^ and the project's historical records can be reduced, and the cost of contact storage can be reduced. The system of the present invention can "receive data immediately from a large number of smart projects without having to consume a lot of processing power and filtering." In the meantime, the construction of the Ming Dynasty is still a certificate, and the report is collected. The borrowing to collect the wisdom 22 1310919 Hui project does not need to be limited to one. τ ^ 士早一Work or shop. This splashed many geographically dispersed areas to collect the poor. The type of intelligent project that is not possible in the system of the present invention is a support for the hardware interface. The present invention is easily expanded to accommodate new connections and hard-wired interfaces to enable the system of the present invention to adapt to new settings to achieve a long-term situation without requiring the operator to reschedule operations. Instant inventory management. Discarding periodic reports that receive aggregated inventory changes, allowing inventory changes to be reported immediately and without the need for intervention. Replenishment planning can only be adjusted according to the time of _ fixed , ,, ° ^ 攸稞 report is generated with more or less frequent. The system of the present invention is capable of masking the bandwidth of a UID of the UAR to the bandwidth in the splicing line. The system of the present invention can then - in addition - group UIDs read from different sources and can determine which search items are specified by a particular one. By this decision, the system of the present invention filters out the UIDs of the subordinates; and provides a filtered w' to be attached to a certain set to a recipient. The system of the present invention can provide access to select & / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / In New Zealand, the system of the present invention can be used to trace the part of the tracking information to the tracking software, and the system can be used for all the invention systems. Business rules To be an inventory The system of the invention is to abandon the replenishment, replenish the inventory, and save the memory or type of items. About UID. Some items are UIDs of the ft class. The convenience of the present invention, access. Specially available for a specific 23 1310919 The coding system not only provides access control but also provides effective communication links. The system of the present invention can replace the descriptive text in the tracking information as a shorter encoded text. If the tracking information is stored on a tag, this allows more information to be stored on the tag. If the tracking information is transmitted over the network, this can reduce the amount of bandwidth consumed by the information. Details of one or more specific embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description and drawings. [Embodiment] Table of Contents 1. System Overview 2. One of the implementations of the system of the invention 2.1 Cross-enterprise shipping scheme 2.2 Two-way data flow 3. Another implementation of the system of the invention 3.1 Software upgrade 3.2 Cross-enterprise visibility 3.3 Data contact between global models And coordination 3.4 Project plan 3.5 information retrieval plan 4. Data transfer between project tracking system and tag reader 4.1 Event router 24 1310919 4.2 Integration engine 5. Tracking information compression, filtering and coding 1. System overview book picking A system consistent with the present invention, in a non-exclusive open format, receives information about the project and affects the condition of the project. In this description, the term "item" has a very broad meaning. It is included in the meaning of the term "project" in the above referenced patent application. In order to be compatible with enterprise resource planning (ERP), supply chain management (SCM) and logistics systems, the concept of a project includes the appearance of a project in a bill of materials, bill of lading packing list, menu, etc. All the things that are normal and necessary. Thus, any physical item that can have a location, be shipped, sold to a customer, etc., can also contain any assets that may be mentioned in a company accounting or other business system as shipped. A tagged item is a project that carries a self-identifying tag. The target may be linked to a single item (in the previous sense) or may be linked to a project. Thus, for example, a marking item can be one of the following: a separate item such as a bottle of soap, an asset such as a marked note computer, a container containing a collection of possible items, or a pallet containing multiple boxes. Wait, a container, a truck or trailer, an airplane, a boat, and a train. In customer goods and other areas, a project may not have any bundle of 25 1310919 specific item marks. For example, a labeled box may contain 48 bottles of soap, each of which has a bar code of the same UPC (Global Product Code) or SKU (Storage Management Unit) or other product number and can be sold separately to the customer on average. A tracking system can combine shipments tracked at the mark level to the point of sale revenue tracking individual listing items. Barcodes will generally not carry a UID (Unique System Identification Mark), just a project type or SKU. The system of the present invention can make some assumptions that combine barcodes with tagged material. Inboxed inventory at the supermarket or retailer can benefit from the use of a tag reader in a regular inventory, the system of the present invention assumes that its content has been placed on a retail shelf and can be placed on any order. Sell in. If individual items are not recognized, the correctness of the tracking system will not be available after the marked box is opened. In general, one is labeled as an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag, but it does not need to be based on radio frequency technology. For example, a mark can be implemented to be read by optical, magnetic, magneto-optical or other techniques, regardless of whether there is physical contact between the mark and the read. In addition, the tag can be passive (without internal power to contact and transfer data) or active; and it may or may not have operational capabilities. In this specification, it should be understood that a mark is an identifiable digital mark, meaning that the mark has the property of being able to read a unique digital mark directly from the mark using some readers. Some digital identification tags can also be written, which provide additional advantages if information needs to be prepared without relying on a contact network. In this specification, the term "virtual item" is used in Table 26 1310919 to indicate the material that matches the item and is used as its representative. Similarly, the term "virtual circumstance" will be used to refer to a material that is consistent with an entity's non-physical things and used as a proxy for it, including, for example, systems and events. A virtual item or a virtual condition can be implemented as if it were in an object-aware program term; however, it can be implemented in any other way, such as by a record in a database. In general, virtual conditions are established and maintained because they represent something that is generally referred to as a condition that may affect the purpose represented by a virtual item. An example of a situation is a geospatial event, which may include a hurricane that would impede the shipment of a ship carrying a tracked item, a labor attack that would prevent the removal from the ship, and a delay that would delay the shipment of the item. The term hierarchy refers to the combination or relationship between the project and the situation. For example, placing a container in a pallet with containers affects the container and affects the container. A virtual condition can represent a hierarchy. The system of the present invention receives information from a number of sources that can be connected to the system via a network such as the Internet or directly. The system of the present invention can be adapted to receive information from a source using a proprietary or non-public interface, and the format of the information is changed to be compatible with the system. The system of the present invention includes data transfer devices such as tag readers, sensors, and scanners. By these means, the system of the present invention continuously tracks and records the status of the item and the condition represented by the physical and physical objects. The status of an item can include its status, characteristics, and location. The item tracking system will be transferred to J. 27 1310919 2. One of the implementations of the system As shown in Figure 1, an item tracking system (ITS) consistent with the present invention can be used. With a tagging component ("TC") 102, an object interface component (Object

Interface Component &gt; "OIC" 104, a Communication Intermediateware Component ("CMC") 106, a Context-Aware Intelligence Component ("CAIC") 10 8 and a human interface component ( Human Interface COmpOnen, "HIC" 110 is implemented together. In an alternative implementation, the H1C 110 is combined with other components. Each of these components can be implemented as a computer program executing on one or more computers and controlling the device to perform data acquisition, output, and transmission functions. Figure 1 also shows the transmission flow between the components of the ITS, as well as the system and external applications 11 2, the external market η 4 and other external ITS 1 16 (indicated by the arrows). The transport flow can be implemented in any convenient, open manner, such as through the exchange of XML files. Arranging the component in a decentralized, immediate, and event infrastructure can implement any or all of the components or any combination of system components from a small to a large extent. A small degree of implementation refers to implementation on a single device and a large scale implementation refers to implementation on a computer in multiple devices, such as a network. Each component can be distributed across multiple devices, including computers, and interconnected by a network. Each component can be made up of several different applications, 28 1310919. At the same time, the sex layer computer application can implement the function of the execution of the component in the aggregate by using the XML tagging technology code to increase the number of the system invention object number specific rules to ensure that the hardware and software can be used non-exclusively. The standard architecture immediately integrates the above component structure to allow the system to enable functions to be grouped and scaled from a regional to a global level. - Components can include a software system that includes any software, applications, software products, and related devices. For example, a software system can operate at the enterprise level for programs and servers. The transmission between systems is carried out over the transmission network. This component exposes a non-proprietary open interface to a network-accessible service, such as an open standard like HTTP-based service. The following article will describe the components further. Items that are component-incorporated into the system use any available item-level markup, such as active and passive radio frequency identification (''RFID') tags, strips, and markers that can be applied to the numerator, etc., with a unique identification Marked. "The system first perceives an item or condition, which is introduced as described above, and creates a corresponding object (ie, virtual item or virtual condition). The system sends a specific dynamic n-dimensional content and characteristics. Spaces By way of example, the system of the present invention can assign owners, prices, items, and ratings to an incoming item. The system of the present invention can arbitrarily add rules to the imported items. For example, the system of the present invention can be attached Once the temperature of the right corresponding item reaches the y level, action 2 occurs. 29 1310919 TC 1 02 in a particular implementation indicates in an open manner which marking technique can be used and how it is used. 0 2 contains a decentralized knowledge system based on Internet technology. In particular, the TC will typically contain and provide a specification of a globally unique identification token. Such as the application; a catalog describing the specifications of the compatible mark, its reader/writer and any aspect of its use: special features and rules applied to the marked item; standardized communication and content data formats and interfaces The specification of the read and write process is used to make the processing and transmission of the tagging requirements telemetry data specifications: the best industrial habits, that is, the knowledge about the selection and the contents of the subordinate tags; the test program; the implementation guide; and the common problems. The TC 102 provides tools, content, software development kits and specific solutions that enable manufacturers, system integrators, and customers to identify and implement best project mark reader/writer combinations and standard applications. 02 can be established in conjunction with any software development scenario to fully address the requirements mentioned. Object Interface Component The 01C 1 04 transfers data from the attached hardware to the system, and the OIC 104 can perform any required local processing. The OIC 104 is a sophisticated, versatile, bidirectional, and savvy software interface between the system and the real world. State and telemetry data are received, filtered, transmitted, pre-processed, and processed as necessary. Because the object can be implemented to carry the current content, the device can be used to confirm the use of the device. The above-mentioned rules are used to trigger warning events or actions to trigger actions, or OIC 104 can be implemented to embed or link to a rule engine to handle such rules. Custom OIC 104. The customer can specify what the OIC should do if the tag reader of one of the clients first detects an item tag. It will have an identification tag so that the system can correspond to a unique system identification ("UID"). These actions can include contacting an external application, an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) application. The ΟIC 1 0 4 also universally identifies and confirms the tag interface hardware, how the RFID reader, bar code scanner, the universal tag reader, and the servo system communicate with the system. The OIC 104 thus acts as a generic software package for all specific tag read/write devices for standardized integration, data validation, filtering and transmission: two-way, base event security; and data preprocessing . Because the OIC 104 can not only receive data but also transfer data to the hardware and software attached to the system, and ultimately to the tagging item itself, the inventive system can use the OIC to write data to the project or to the remote end. If these items are set for this control. The OIC 104 enables a sophisticated security solution for all inbound and outbound communications applications, such as a digital authentication based security solution. The OIC 104 can be built with any software development scenario to meet the above requirements. The communication intermediary software component should be numbered as required by the local control. The device is connected to 31 1310919. The component transmits and receives standardized event contacts, which can be transmitted and received through a network. The CMC 106 acknowledges and schedules a standardized event between the OIC 104 and CAIC 1 0 8 (which will be described below) and typically between any system components. The CMC 06 can also identify and route standardized events between any system component and other applications, devices and components. The C M C 1 0 6 performs functions such as data and authentication confirmation, storage and retrieval, archiving, data decryption/encryption, and event multicasting. The C M C 1 0 6 can be used for all inbound and outbound communications applications and implements a sophisticated security solution such as a digital authentication based security solution. The CMC 106 can be built with any software development scenario to meet the requirements mentioned above. The context-aware smart component CAIC 1 08 contains logic that provides intelligence to the system to receive, process, and respond to information about where the marked items are represented by the imported objects and whether the project is present, past, or future at a particular time and with each other. Or an inquiry about the function of the real world. The CAIC 108 provides open internal and external interfaces for plug-in add-on features such as applications and rules that extend its common service settings. As previously mentioned, the inventive system can include virtual conditions that represent events that may affect the project. Examples of such events include hurricanes, high temperatures at certain points or areas, and traffic jams. Virtual conditions can also describe the characteristics of a project. The traits include a geospatial path, a speed, and a target. The telemetry reading of the sensing 32 1310919 can also be introduced as a virtual condition. The CAIC 1 08 includes a database that allows the system to store and retrieve the current state of the object and the historical database of changes in the state of the objects that can process geospatial data and can be distributed to multiple computers and zones. The CAIC 108 can be applied and implemented with a sophisticated security solution based on a digital authentication security solution. The C AIC 1 0 8 can be established in conjunction with any of the exhibition scenarios to meet the requirements mentioned above. The human interface component HIC 1 1 0 universally integrates many technologies that are suitable for human control. These technologies include multi-type human interfaces such as HTML or XML, voice-controlled, stylus-controlled, and all kinds of visual technologies and similar technologies. The application and infrastructure layer and presentation and human interaction layer HIC 1 10 can be applied and implemented a sophisticated security solution, such as a base-based security solution. The HIC 11 0 can be established with any software development to meet the above mentioned requirements. Introducing Objects to the System of the Invention In operation, standardized and parameterized events can be used to introduce "virtual projects and virtual conditions" to the system, the event containing at least a UID. In addition, specific features, methods, and rules can be attached to the reference. This plurality of locations is based on a software-based data source HIC110. The number is not common (such as a system of 33 1310919 pieces (such as current / m degrees, current owners, manufacturers, temperature anomalies, warnings, rules, data access and certification specifications). Unique identification mark the invention The system maps all incoming objects to a system UID. In order for the system to scale between regional to global levels and also satisfactorily integrate with other systems 'this identification token must be globally unique. If the object has a zone There is a globally unique identifier for the token 'The identification token may, but need not, be a UID. One such unique identification token is the Electronic Product Code (ePC) of the IT (MIT) Automatic Identification Mark Center. Illustrating the format of the epc. The system of the present invention can segment the UID to enhance search performance. One way to uniquely mark items is to attach an RFID chip to the item. The electronic wafer holds at least one relative unique identification mark that can be specified. Read by the reader device. More sophisticated crystal moons enable the dynamic data storage area to be externally read. / Write capabilities and built-in smart chip containing processing power .RFID art wherein a plurality of items automatically recognized advantages outside a distance without the need to disassemble it (the disassemble) or the unpack Unpack). The system of the present invention may also optionally use other techniques, such as project level bar codes, magnetic tags, and slate tags to affix virtual items to identification marks that correspond to system UIDs. Event 34 1310919 The system of the present invention is interconnected internally and externally by the use of events. Table 1 provides an example of an XML file representing this event. Any convenient format that represents an event can be used. &lt;Event&gt; <Type> Discover Objects&lt;/Type&gt;&lt;Parameters&gt;&lt;Sender&gt;&lt;UID&gt;XX.XXXXXXX.XXXXXX.XXXXXXXXX&lt;/UID&gt; <Type> RFID Read &lt;/type&gt;&lt;/sender&gt;&lt;telemetrydata&gt;&lt;UID&gt;XX;XXXXXXX.XXXXXX.XXXXXXXXy&lt;/UID&gt;&lt;temperature&gt;&lt;unit&gt;C&lt;/unit&gt; <Value> 45.43 &lt;/Value&gt;&lt;/Temperature&gt;&lt;/TelemetryData&gt;&lt;/Parameter&gt;&lt;/Event&gt; Table 1 Time, Space, Unique Recognition, Situation, Hierarchy 35 1310919 The system of the present invention corresponds to the dimensions of each introduced object to system-wide standardization, including time, space (three-dimensional), unique identification mark (UID), and context. The system storage area of the present invention has input data for a full system synchronization time stamp. Space refers to everything from a point (simple position) to a complex three-dimensional polyhedron in a three-dimensional space (for example, position, size, and a purpose shape). The context can be n-dimensional (for example, characteristics such as temperature, speed, and weight). Each dimension is sufficient to measure in a system-wide standard unit, for example based on international standards such as Coordinated Univetsal Time ("UTC") and the system of units ("SI"). Because time and space are global dimensions, the core space of the system of the present invention is compatible with all other systems, such as GIS, which also work within these dimensions or subsets thereof. The introduced object can be part of a dynamic hierarchy. The hierarchy can be described by virtual conditions. Based on internal or external event data, the system of the present invention tracks and records the status of the item represented by the imported objects in the space above. You can then answer questions or provide warnings about the status of the objects in the space and their relationships, such as: • Project (UID) 200 Where is December 12, 1st? • Where are all the X-type items (UIDs) at the address z within the radius y? • Which of my supplies are affected by Tropical Storm X? • Where are the closest remaining parts of Asset X and how fast can they send 36 1310919 to the factory y? • Where is the closest requirement for my production X before the deadline y? • caveat! Chemical products X and y are stored too close to each other. • caveat! Employee X is not allowed to carry the laptop y out of the building z. The system of the present invention may also derive future states or the behavior of introducing objects or groups thereof based on historical data, statistics, or other methods. Direct or exported location data The location of the project can be described to the system in a number of ways. An example of a direct description is to configure a set of latitude, longitude, and altitude data in a standard manner. An example of a derived location description is a street address of a facility with a tag reader. The system of the present invention corresponds to marking the street address of the reader to the standard coordination system of the system, assuming that the item that the tag reader has encountered (represented by its UID) is in its vicinity, and the position of the reader and the location of the item Combine. Object Layer and Data Access Authorization Model The object model can contain a UID, a property, and a definition of a transaction defined by the system user's ability to read/write/change its characteristics, methods, and rules. The system of the present invention assigns a globally unique identification token to each user, which may be based on electronic product code (e P C ), giant PC administrator (part of ePC), and the like. Based on the assigned authorization and the use of standardized parameterized events, the system uses 37 1310919 to write, read, and change the data of the imported object by the example. Object data access depends on the defined authorization settings. Table 2 provides an example of an XML file showing a virtual project implementing the above authorization model. However, this is just a sub-me, and any convenient representation can be used. <Virtual One Item> &lt;UID&gt;XX.XXXXXXX.XXXXXX 'XXXXXXXXX&lt;/UID&gt;&lt;Now, One Owner&gt;&lt;OUID&gt;XXXXXXX&lt;/OUID&gt; <Change One Authorization> &lt;OUID&gt;XXXXXXx&lt;/OUID&gt;&lt;/ChangeAuthorization&gt;&lt;/Now One Owner&gt;&lt;Price&gt;<Unit>USD&lt;/Unit&gt;&lt;Value&gt;230000&lt;/Value&gt;&lt;Read Authorization &gt;&lt;OUID&gt;XXxXxxx&lt;/OUID&gt;&lt;OUID&gt;yyyyyyy&lt;/OUID&gt;&lt;OUID&gt;ZZZZZZZ&lt;/OUID&gt;&lt;/read one authorization&gt;&lt;write one authorization&gt;&lt;OUID&gt;XXXXXXX&lt;/OUID&gt; 38 1310919 &lt; /write one authorization&gt; <change one authorization&gt;&lt;OUID&gt;XXXXXXX&lt;/OUID&gt;&lt;/changeauthorization&gt;&lt;/price&gt; <virtual one item> Table 2 Communication Security Solution The system of the present invention includes a common authorization and security scheme (such as a digital authentication and encryption scheme) for communication between components and communication with other and external devices. 2.1 Cross-enterprise shipping solution system. Y from the manufacturer X to the retailer Z and record the location and temperature of high quality fish In this case will now be described a scheme. The following outlines how the system performs the above functions. The manufacturer products are boxed and RFID tags are placed on each box. The RFID is labeled with a UID and can also store an effective cycle, a maximum temperature threshold, and a maximum encounter temperature reading (Tmax). Manufacturing X puts the box on the pallet. Add a dynamic, recyclable temperature sensing device to each pallet. You can choose to attach the sensing device to each box, but it will cause more tracking based on the system tracking. The package value is on and off. Also a large branch 39 1310919 out. These devices are provided with an RFID tag that contains an uid and can store an .an degree reading and a large encounter temperature reading (Tm ax). The device periodically measures the current temperature and stores the reading on its attached RFID tag. A warning is triggered when the temperature reaches a certain threshold. When the retailer arrives, the valid expiration date based on the temperature history of the sensor device and the maximum encounter temperature data are written to the RFID tag of each box. The manufacturer X wants to reduce the number of boxes (returns) that should be returned by the retailer Z and should be returned by the retailer Z, for example, during the shipping process, the boxes are exposed to high temperatures. Shipper Y wants to gain market share by ensuring full visibility of the current position and temperature to provide better customer satisfaction. In addition, Shipper Y wants to detect quality problems and theft caused by the contractor. Retailer Z wants to be able to identify and return broken products when delivered, thus reducing returns and reducing costs while achieving higher customer satisfaction.

The following will describe in detail how the system helps each of the ancient and the U. Figure 3 illustrates an implementation in which the manufacturer X, the shipper, and the retailer z obtain the object interface elements (〇IC) 34x, 34y, 34Z in the system after their respective firewalls 33x, 33v, Υ 33Z and implement - Partial literature. In addition, they jointly use an external application service to provide, can be _ (TC) 32, communication media software component (CMC) 36, love. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . The party may also choose to order the mother-supplied system provided by a service provider. In the latter example, the party does not need to acquire and install an OIC. There is also an option to install all five system components for one or more of them for use by all of them. In this example, the parties do not need to subscribe to a service provider, and their C M C ' S can be contacted by transmitting events on a network such as the Internet. Based on specifications, standards, best industrial implementation, and other information obtained from TC, manufacturing X meets the above product and program requirements (such as active or passive RFID tags, frequency, reader range, built-in temperature sensor, memory size) , price points, example materials and combined needs) read and write RFID tags and interrogators. Based on specifications, standards, best practices, and other information obtained from the TC, Shipper Y and Retailer 2 each obtain RFID interrogators that are compatible with Manufacturer X's RFID tags and systems (which may be read-only) ). When the manufacturer X manufactures a box of products, the manufacturer X attaches an RFID tag and introduces its unique identification mark, allowed temperature range, and initial effective date to a system. Figure 4 illustrates this introduction. Make a box and attach a mark (step 20). A tag reader connected to the OIC and belonging to the manufacturer senses the tag and reads its UID (step 21). The 〇IC generates and transmits a see event containing the UID to the CMC (step 22), which schedules the path to the CAIC (step 23). If an object related to the UID is known, the CAIO updates the status and status history of the object based on the input data (the 24th step "yes" branch; step 2 8); otherwise the CAIC determines whether the event is a new one. Virtual project event (step 41 1310919 25 decision step). If the event is a new object event, the CAIC generates a new virtual item as a UID based on the specific data (step 26) and stores the new virtual item data (step 27). Otherwise the following actions will occur. The CAIC transmits an unknown object event as a UID to CMC (step 46). The CMC schedules the event to the manufacturer's production system (step 45), which generates an incoming virtual project event as a UID with characteristics, access rights, rules, and alerts, and transmits the event to the CMC (44th) step). The CMC schedules a path to the OIC for this event (step 43), which generates a new virtual project event as a UID and transmits it to the CMC (step 42). The OIC also determines if there is a request to write the data to the tag (step 41). If so, the ΟIC writes the data to the tag (step 40). In this description, the data is an effective date, a temperature threshold, and a maximum encounter temperature reading (step 40). In any case, the new virtual project event is routed by the CMC to the CAIC (step 23) to follow the above manipulation. As shown in Figure 5, when the manufacturer X loads a pallet for shipping, the manufacturer X attaches a dynamic temperature sensor to the pallet, resets the sensor's memory and activates it (step 50). ). The sensor measures the temperature at a time of day (step 52), with the time stamp storing the measured temperature to a history on the mark (step 5). If the temperature reaches the maximum value that has been exceeded, this new maximum value is also stored on the tag (step 56). Figure 6 depicts the response of the system of the present invention to loading a box and onto a pallet having a sensor (step 60). A tag reader connected to the OIC and belonging to the manufacturer of the 42 1310919 senses the tag and its UIDs and generates a see event as a UID and transmits it to the CMC (step 64). The CMC routes the events to the CAIC (step 66). Based on the input data in the event, the CAIC updates the status and status history of the virtual item identified by the inductive UIDs (step 68). The CAIC updates the system of the present invention when a reader belonging to the shipper γ and connected to 〇ic senses a mark. Figure 7 illustrates this update operation. A tag reader belonging to the transporter and connected to the 〇IC senses the tag of the box containing the sensing tag on the pallet, reads its UIDs and Tmax data (step 7), and the 〇IC generates and transmits the see event and This information is sent to the CMC (step 71). The cmc routes the event to the CAIC (step 72). The CAIC updates the status and history of the corresponding virtual item based on the received data (step 73). The C AIC determines whether Tmax is within the limits (step 74). If not enough, the CAIC transmits a warning event to the CMC (the branch of step 74; step 75), and the CMC schedules the route to the manufacturer and the shipment (4) the application is resistant (step 76) . When the shipment is received, Zero Life, &amp;, causes the dealer 2 to read and confirm the exact maximum temperature data of the product from the attached rfID mark and valid date. Figure 9 also illustrates this read operation. N workers are said to be forged 2 when a M scatterer is identified and C A1C uses το pieces to warn the warehouse management. For this purpose, you can use SMS (short message "beer and!" from + n 11 U 5 疋 any other message to convey the convenience of the figure 8 also illustrates this warning operation ^

'The ulDs that belong to the retailer and are tagged with the OIC 43 1310919 tag reader to sense and read the box on the pallet contain - the sensor tag has a uID and senses and reads _max temperature Tm and

- Temperature history T hisi〇ry (Step 8). The 〇Ic generates and transmits a view event and UID, Tmax, and T hisi〇ry information to the CMC (step 8〇). The CMC arranges a path straight CAIC for the event (step 82). The Caic updates the status and history of the virtual item based on the input data (step 83). The CAIC is also based on Ding Max and T hisi〇ry information and manufacturer rules for each Boxes calculate a new valid period (step 84) if CAIC

The branch of yes", the CAIC determines that the box is damaged (transfer-alert event of step 85 and UID& TmajCMC (step 86), which does not arrange the path to HIC (step 87). The HIC is subsequently transmitted 〆 The SMS message warns the retail inventory manager (step &quot;). Regardless of whether the box is damaged or not, the IC determines whether there is a requirement to insert the information into the mark (step 8 9) 'and if any, with CAIC Generate and transfer write data events accompanied by UID and about Zen printing ^^ times ^

The information is sent to the CMC (step 9〇). The CMC arranges a path for these events to write to it "until some time

Qlc (step 91), - v generation of acupoints can sigh the dilemma, such as 3

Pass or weather information. The general information is that the provider sends the information to enable the department to inhale the information to bring the information to the department ', '. The information such that the information can be reported or predicted to be delayed or the other may affect the introduction of the project. Other situations of movement or condition. Figure 9 is a hobby. This is the implementation of the month and the provider provides information _! In this illustration, the 丄-father information provider generates a bow event and a UID and a feature and transmits the event to the CMC (step 12 0), which schedules the event to An OIC (step 122). The received OIC generates a new virtual status event and UID to the CMC (step 124), which schedules the path to CAIC for the event (step 126). The CAIC determines that the event is a new virtual status event type (a branch of "yes" in step 128), and generates a new virtual item as a UID based on the particular material (step 130), and stores the new virtual Status data (step 132). 2.2 Two-way data flow The system of the present invention provides data flow on the mark and two-way data flow. Figure 1 illustrates a scenario. A marker 15 2 is attached to a case 150. The tag contains a UID and stores an expiration date, a maximum temperature threshold, a maximum encounter temperature reading, and a price. The temperature profile on marker 152 can be updated with the temperature frequency of the measurement box 150, such as a temperature measurement station that can write its reading to the marker 152 or an operational temperature sensor connected to the marker 1 5 2. The material on the marker 152 can be automatically read by the marker reader 158, for example using RFID technology. In one embodiment, the indicia reader 158 periodically "scans" its context within a particular range. In another specific embodiment, the indicia reader is triggered to scan its context, such as by a proximity sensor. If a scan returns a valid read data (via communication 1 5 4), for example because marker 1 5 2 is moved into the scan range, tag reader 1 58 will transmit the received data to system 1 66 (via communication 1) 62). In this example, it is assumed that the virtual system y I74 introduced by an external application 45 1310919 1 74 is also fixed and then 170 is "up to 45 degrees high". Any definition rule 1 7 can be used to 'execute ^ system 1 6 6 will be valid and 1 6 4 ), and there will be an 11th picture on page 1 5 to ask the system 1 6 6 temperature The latest is 1 7 1, for the outside; send an event to the effective date of the system, trigger the system 1 6 6 a mark writer mark writer will be . Previously mentioned as the Internet; in these party games 168 (via communication 172) the external application adds a rule 170 to the virtual item 16 8 . The maximum encounter temperature ratio of the box whose criteria are on its mark can be defined, and the current date is written as the effective date to the format, syntax, or computer code whose mark is compatible with system 166. Whenever the system receives the white mark 丨5 2, the new capital is read 1 70. If the rule 回报70 returns a certain result, a new valid period is calculated as in the current period, and the UID of the new flag 152 is transmitted to the marker writer 16〇 (written by the pass s writer 1 60 0) The new valid date data is in the field of the standard effect data (via communication 156). Another solution in which the external application 174 periodically reports the maximum state of the box 15 stored on the marker 152. In this scheme, The logic can be again defined as a portion A of the application. The external application 174 is traditionally 166, the event containing the um of the flag 152, a newly updated 彳berg, and updated control information. This event is used to transmit the received The effective date, price, and UID to 160 (via communication 164). The system 166 of the present invention then writes the collected data to the corresponding data on the tag 152. The communication can be implemented over any communication medium, including on the road. There is a tag reader that can read the data stored on the mark 46 1310919 1 5 2, and a receiver of the box 150 will recognize the price and the price is the tracking process. The temperature at which the box is exposed is based on Figure 12. Figure 2 illustrates one aspect of the data flow process. In an example, the system of the present invention receives a UID by reading a note located in the first item regarding the first item. Characteristic Information (Steps similarly, the system of the present invention receives information about a second item for contextual information of the material, wherein the material is automatically read from the corresponding item with the second item (step 1 204). The system of the present invention The virtual first and second items are used (step 1206). The system of the present invention indicates relationship information between the items and maintains a virtual relationship (step 8). With this information, the system of the present invention can be based on at least partial virtual identification. a warning condition associated with the first item (step 1210). The condition should be alerted, the system of the present invention generates updated characteristic information to the first item (step 1 2 1 2). The system of the present invention detects after a target The presence of the first flag (step 1 2 0 4) and writing the flag to the updated tag (step 1 2 16). In these scenarios, the alert condition can be The rules that are identified and used to recall and calculate updated information are done in the system itself or in the department's application. In the latter case, the application receives information from the objects maintained by the system and generates The updated feature is accompanied by a request to write to the first mark to provide another aspect of the data flow process of Figure 13 of the present invention. On the date of the effect, the first mark 1202) And the sense information of the source and the source also receives the step 120. In order to write back the write to the write, the system should be outside the system information system. In the example 47 1310919, the system of the present invention receives a first The characteristic information of the item is derived from the mark data automatically read from a first mark located in the first item by a first mark reader (step 1300). The system of the present invention also receives the updated profile data for the first item (step 1 3 04). The system of the present invention then detects the presence of the first mark at a different mark write (step 1 306) and causes the mark write to write updated information to the first mark (step 1300) ). In this scenario, the updated information can be calculated within the system itself or in an application outside the system. In the latter case, the application receives information from the system that is derived from the items maintained by the system and produces updated characteristic information and provides it to the system of the present invention along with the requirements for writing to the first indicia. As shown in Fig. 14, a system consistent with the present invention can be implemented in conjunction with a shared ITS (Project Tracking System) and a plurality of generally private area IT Ss. The system of the present invention does not need to have a clear highest level and shared nodes. Some implementations of the system of the present invention will be a combination of enterprises without a hierarchy on the enterprise. Other implementations will be multiple top-level, shared nodes, each of which may support a specific enterprise sector at the enterprise level. In general, the architecture will be driven by a variety of considerations, including agreements to support the industry. In Figure 14, the existing ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system 40 1 can be any regional enterprise software used to manage the movement and storage of goods. The ERP system used for each business (or part of a business) may vary. Each enterprise has a plurality of tag readers 1 402 that provide digits from the digital identification tag 48 1310919 information into an area ITS. Roughly any combination of hardware and software that can be supplied to a digital data collected from any item or container can be placed on the production line, in a storage location, in a truck or its mobile vehicle. It can also be a handheld wireless connection device. Some implementations intentionally insert hardware and software between the physical physical reader and the ITS. In Fig. 14, 'Each area ITS 1 403 is a hardware and software system that can be implemented on one or more computer systems. This system is typically geographically relative to other parts of the enterprise, but can be placed in any way that is properly linked to the regional ERP system and the tag reader. Usually an ITS service is a single business or part of that business. Therefore, when there is more than one area IrS, each can be operated by a different enterprise. An ITS can also be connected to other existing enterprise software systems, such as those using supply chain management, logistics, customer relationship management, and the ITS. New software services formed by available materials. A shared ITS 14 04 is a project trace system shared by multiple regional ITSs. It is widely connected to multiple regional ITS systems and can also be connected to multiple other shared ITS systems. A shared 1TS can also be connected to its new and existing enterprise software systems. The zone and shared ITS communicate on a network connection 14 05, which can be any computer-to-computer connection technology. In general, inter-enterprise telex will be encrypted for security and will use digital authentication or other security methods to authenticate participants in the communication. The communication medium may include a public network. This connection usually transmits the information indicating the marked item in real time or near-immediately, and the information that he is following in the land 5 Ο 追 追 追 追 追 追 追 49 49 49 49 Information indicating shipping documents, loading vehicles, etc. A separate location 1406 is a collection of hardware and software needed to support the zone. A location can be a manufacturer, a distributor, a retail facility, a private home, a service station, or any other part of a venue or venue that processes the marked item. New and existing applications 1 4 7 7 can be used for existing enterprise software systems, such as those used for supply chain management, inventory, customer relationship management, and new software services formed by the materials that make up ITS. . Through an Internet connection 1 40 8, these applications can ask the ITS about the current status, past history and other information of the items it tracks. These queries do not change the status of the records in the IT S system, and can operate these queries by processing the status records of the ITS stored in the permanent storage area with little or no loss of utility. Instead of dealing with queries on the live data in the ITS. Figure 15 illustrates the underlying software components within the project tracking infrastructure. An instant input processing software 1 501 receives configuration and other messages from the tag reader, the existing ERP system, and other ITS systems. These messages can be in XML or other formats. This message can represent the product of an entity or logical item, or a change in the configuration or state of those items. This section of the software interprets the incoming message, consults the data storage project 1 5 0, takes appropriate action based on the message content and stored data, updates the data structure and may report an error message or other report to the source of the message. Data structure and permanent storage area 1 5 0 2 record and maintain relationship and 50 1310919

The state and history of the logical and physical items tracked by the ITS, such as the software, can record that a certain detergent can only be contained in a box (in ITS 'ΛΙ Difficult to '°& and project), which may be in the car (in the ITS another unique mark and project) and respond to the instant message and the software action of the access processing software 1501, the truck structure can be periodically changed or recorded. The detergent is a logical item of the UID of a certain wheel.). The data structure and the permanent storage area and the software error are saved in the data structure. Any method of establishing a zone can be used, for example, someone can use the software library technology to record information in a way that is not easy to disappear. A software interface 1503 for interrogation provides an interface between its and software applications. For example, if an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) or Scm (Supply Chain Management) system requires an update to the actual location, it will send a query. The long storage area provides the necessary information for the operation, and the information used for the inquiry is to "report all the batteries within a geographical area of a specific category and now (by a product code, another question, or one) Ask the image foot: "Report all the boxes of milk that arrived in Ken during the shelf life" 3 · 1 software upgrade The core of the IT S infrastructure (as shown in Figure 16) 3 1 0 means. Example 1 mark. A location known in the instant to lose. Bu (a hardware with any permanent storage and disk external business - the traditional to be in a certain ITS permanent interface can be given a given [)" query j * 48 hours It should be operated continuously at the time of 51 1310919. Since the economy relies on a certain part of the system, it is not practical to stop the system to maintain or upgrade the system. However, the system of the present invention will need to be upgraded in various ways. Describe the structure to meet this need. Three software upgrades will be considered: adding or deleting fields (ie attributes), adding or changing the encoding of the semantic notifications that perform the blocking content (ie computer program instructions) And the main system upgrades. Each will be discussed here in order. Manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and others may need to add or delete data fields that represent individual projects or groups of projects for regional convenience. Say, you may wish to add a field to indicate the temperature at which the item will be processed. This information may be important, for example for long-term reliability and product return studies. This processing temperature field contains information that is different from the existing temperature field. For example, the current temperature or the maximum sensing temperature at the time of transmission or storage. It can also be treated differently. For example, the manufacturer may wish to process the temperature values for long-term storage for reliability studies, but do not leak to others. Manufacturer or any institution. Other examples of joining or deleting data fields include: a retailer wishing to record a project that was sold but subsequently returned. A provision changes and some jurisdictions require the shelf life of such a product; It is done by the manufacturer and acts according to the requirements of the distributor and the retailer. In another example, a distributor is responsible for providing The item is returned to the shipment, and the item is returned by the customer to the manufacturer. The distributor wants to add a field “Return to the responsible party of the shipment”, which will automatically fill in the name of the assignor, as 52 1310919 when the project is returned The responsible party is responsible for this responsibility. This information may be obtained from history. However, this additional barrier makes it clear that whoever bears this responsibility without asking history. In general, the system of the present invention A new data field (ie, attribute) can be dynamically added to any existing object. In addition, the object record can be received by any higher or lower level system without changing the programming and without changing the past. Or the same form of object in the future. The data field may only be deleted if it is meaningful when it is in a certain state. For example, a field related to a transport or packing list only indicates that an item belongs to the item. The part of the transportation is now valid. Once the shipment is officially received, the transport block is removed from the dynamic profile (but remains in history). If the invalid field is not deleted, you can also choose to mark it as invalid. Increasing or changing the coding of semantic behavior can upgrade the system, and often everyone will want to continuously increase the capabilities of the system and improve older features. These changes require many choices, such as who designs the program, how to test it, and how to minimize the impact on other activities when adding new capabilities. Examples of situations in which a semantic behavior needs to be added or changed include that a member of a club joins a partnership and needs new functions to manage its various goods. Existing functional changes, such as a method of managing the set-up of retention periods, or a better step of loading into a truck. Any project that adds functionality to the infrastructure may need to add new information to the rogue. 53 1310919 Changing semantic behavior may cause the entire system to crash. It is therefore dangerous to have a fully controlled test approach and to introduce new codes to change semantic behavior. In general, it is possible to change the semantic processing of a particular project form and change specific projects without stopping the operating system. In addition, there is a great deal of confidence in the behavior of other objects that will not be changed. Upgrades to major systems are possible, including upgrades to change all software, upgrade disk format, and upgrade hardware. Typically, the system of the present invention clearly allows central system operation to switch between two hardware/software settings without causing Any visible service loss. This step should be very good. For system reliability factors, a shadow system can be run. Such a system also provides a mechanism for major system upgrades. As shown in Figure 16, separate active data storage from all semantic methods. The core 1 6 1 0 provides a small collection of basic functions but is otherwise independent of any particular object processing. Therefore, the core 1 6 1 0 does not need to be changed when the care data field or the new semantic processing is added. Such a core is very common and can be optimized for its underlying functionality and very high reliability. The core 1 6 10 programming will change very little. The other parts of the system of the present invention are contacted by internal processing communication or file exchange, so that operation can continue even if other parts fail and the core must be restarted. The core 1 6 1 0 can be restarted from a previous snapshot. It can then be up-to-date by replaying past events (hypothetical repetitive execution, land) or using what is available from the permanent storage to re-construct the current state. As described below, 54 1310919, changes that have not been handed over to the permanent storage area 1 6 2 0 must be repeated. A small combination that will support all of the system's various needs in an efficient manner will be described below. As shown in Figure 16, the stateless instant language 1 6 3 0 performs the following actions: (1) it receives configuration messages from the network. The message always specifies at least one item. (2) The corresponding corresponds to a specific object. Locking is usually avoided. (3) It may use a semantically appropriate method of processing derived from the object. (4) It takes any object and enters it, and if necessary, locks it. (5) The calculation updates the object record, the transfer changes to the core 1 6 1 0, and all the object records can be released. The instant semantic segment 1 6 3 0 is completely stateless. So you can turn off any part, restart, and continue. This greatly loads new semantic methods, such as using Java mechanisms and recovering from errors. There are many ways to apply the method to an incoming configuration message. Encoding depends on the type or type of object and also on the configuration indicated. Saying that loading a transport vehicle will likely be very similar for most objects, and the configuration for the end user may be highly dependent on the type of project. The implementation can be used alternatively: (1) relying on a clear product location for ePC, this It is proposed by the MIT Automatic ID Center. The specified object and its possible root form (r 〇〇t -1 ype) object, a project type identification mark. (6) i lock. Any help with any wrong example anywhere but "sell at least two types of intercept (2) queries to get 55 1310919 The second method does not rely on e PC numbering The solution is deployed and compatible with any marking system. Furthermore, its roundabout hierarchy allows a wide variety of objects to be processed by the same software. For example, all of the producer's detergent products can be treated with the same code, while other producers' detergents can be coded differently. Finally, the core 1 6 1 0 can be set so individual items can be flagged to trigger different encodings. This allows for immediate testing limited to new encodings for small collections. In order to achieve good results, this code is multi-threaded. This allows the object (and possibly any root object referenced by the object) to be retrieved before the semantic code is dispatched. The core 1 6 1 0 can advantageously be implemented such that it is not persistent. To provide flexibility and speed, the core 1 6 1 0 is the only computer memory subsystem. The core 1 6 1 0 may also choose to directly correspond to the permanent storage area mechanism 1620 °. The permanent storage area mechanism 1 620 is a module that obtains a series of object change notifications from the core 1610 and hands them over to the permanent storage area. . A current snapshot of the system state can be quickly established from the storage area information. The historical mechanism 1 6 4 0 is provided by the following. There are two sources of activity for the system of the present invention: configuration messages, which typically represent a beep or signal originating from a separate project, and an inquiry by the external system to the accumulated object material. The object moves to update the core 1 6 1 0 because it represents a change in the state of the field of the project, but does not need to be wired to past history. This external query is related to the movement history and the current configuration, but does not need to change this state. The system of the present invention can accumulate history and has a recent view of the current state. This is optimized for large non-instant enhanced queries. Because, 'essentially, it can be easily copied to support a large number of queries. The k-history mechanism also requires permanent storage. Therefore, this historical function is usually incorporated into the permanent storage mechanism. The core 1 6 1 〇 has a minimal set of functions. Objects can be created and extended, including the following functions: (a) create (b) add or delete an attribute name value pair (pr〇per name - Μ object name S only 4 any size ... name from the list of extensible To avoid a surge and avoid creating names with inconsistent semantic conflicts. In particular, the core 1610 can access and change attribute values (a) return all attributes (name value pairs), and (b) update Attributes. Name value pairs. The core 1610 has a specialized (built-in) list of attributes 171 〇 function 'such as naming collection ownership and membership rights, including: (4) to create a new object class-name collection object owner ( The ability of the root), and (b) the addition and deletion of members in a named collection. Finally, the core 1610 has very few object locks, including the following capabilities: (a) locking the object one to provide the signature, and (b) (b) The unlocked object provides a consistent signature. This very small collection of core 1 6 1 functions is not as relevant as the tag and reader, nor is it related to the location of the project in the physical world. This is the main type. Advantage The structure is universal enough that it does not require the semantics of changing the project through the supply chain or other applications. The core 1610 software is highly optimized to perform a small set of operations, while the semantic changes are stateless. In the semantic approach, it is true that many collections are locked into the data structure as they evolve, and some semantic changes may require re-constructing the current object structure. However, this can be done in a field system without the need for software changes. Core 161. The following table provides a simplified example of how these architectures can be used. #1147 : {Object ID; #1147}{Object-Type; Basic-£]?(::_Type} {Software_Version: 2 } {Category: "Detergent" }&lt;PML:,,http...,' } {EPC-type__collection-root, #341,#576.......} # 341 . {object ID : #341} {object type: EPC_object - entity} {EPC—type-collection-member container_collection_member#3328} #576: {object iD:#576}{object type: EPC An object-entity} {EPC_type~collection one member: container-collection_member#3328} #621' {object ID: #621}{ Piece Type: Epc - Object - Entity} {EPC-Type-Collection~Member; #1147_容器_集_会员#3348} #2287 . {Object ID; #22 8 7} {Object Type; ERP - Shipment} { Shipment-collection, root; #3328 ····...} {shipment~enterprise-member: #3347} {shipment&quot;system_source··” R/3 4~6” } 58 1310919 #3 328 : {object ID: #3328}{object type·container} {object-description;" 1 4 X 1 8 X 1 0 hard carton" } {immediate_location_type: follow_high_class_container} {container_ Collection_root; #341,#576} {shipment-collection_member; #228 7} {container_collection_member; #4421 } #4421 ; {object ID: #4421}{object type: container} {object_ Description: "10,00011? Truck"} {immediate_location_type; GPS longitude_latitude-height} {container_collection_root: #3328} {latitude: 32N}{longitude; 60,45}{height; 327M }{Location—last updated: 1/12/200214; 27} #334 8 ; {object ID; #334 8 } {object type: container} {object-description; "warehouse shelf" } {immediate_location_type: Fixed storage location} {storage area_location_area:" goods 3" } {container-collection-root: #621"' } {container_collection_member: #4462} #4462 : {object ID: #4462 - object type: container} {object_description; "warehouse area" } 59 1310919 {immediate_location_type: fixed storage location} {storage area-location_area;"area 1 6" } {container-collection_root: #3348··· } {container-collection_member: #448 1 } #44 8 1 : {object ID: #44 8 1&gt;&lt;object type: container} {object_description: "warehouse" } {immediate_bit·set_type; highest level fixed with latitude/longitude/height Location} {container-collection-root, #4462·..} {latitude: 31N-longitude; 60.45}&lt; height 10 0M} The above table describes a rather complicated situation, which is also illustrated in Figures 18 and 19. As shown in the above table, #11 4 7 indicates the product type "detergent". Specific canned detergents are indicated by object entities #341, #576 and #621. As shown in Fig. 18, two of these canned detergents 18 1 0 are in a carton 1820. The carton is in a truck 1830 and the truck has a GPS positioning system for immediate positioning. The box is part of a particular shipment. Another third tank of detergent 1940 is stored in a shelf 1960 in a zone 1970 of the warehouse 1950. This aggregation mechanism gives the data structure a strong force, for example: If there is an item ID of the detergent ePC base type, someone can ask the collection and reach all the detergent entities and their current location. 60 1310919 If you have an item ID for a warehouse, someone can find items in all the warehouses and where they are stored. If there is an item ID for any entity with a detergent, someone can find the corresponding shipping number if it exists. If there is an item ID for the shipment, someone can find all the items and their locations. If there is an item ID for the truck, someone can find the items in all the trucks and their associated shipping documents. Data recovery Data recovery is a key issue. When a click is detected on the network 2 0 1 0, the 20th figure illustrates the delay in the system until the meaning of the beep is recorded to the permanent storage area 2 0 2 0. Assuming a tragic mistake in a shared (central) position, recovery means starting with the information now on the disk and then considering all changes that have not yet been processed. One way to recover is to record a certain amount of history within the network infrastructure itself. For example, a publish_order configuration mechanism can be established to have a reliable internal permanent data store. Another way is to have a permanent storage area at each leaf node of the network. All required storage areas 2040 are equal to all delays throughout the system from when the tag reader reaches the system permanent storage area. It is often not easy to determine which events are active and which have been lost. Moreover, there is no intrinsic, troublesome event handling in the instant semantics section 1 6 3 0 and the core 1 6 1 0. If all processing is idempotent and independent, replay enough events to cover the largest possible loss of work. If 61 1310919 is true, the act of causing operation 2060 means that if the top-order processing of the event or the same event is processed beyond the person, the most state will be the same. Update some high-value items with different end-system locations and ship-to-ship vehicles such as trucks that are available in the system (RTLS). For example, located in Santac, California

WherNet provides the WherTag tag, which periodically broadcasts its identification to the zone using frequency bands, and its location can be triangulated, and these tags are broadcast at a fixed interval from a few seconds to a fraction of a few minutes, which can only be change. In addition, the wide-area legacy communication system provides a regular status. The current location of the base station can be updated using GPS (Global Positioning Satellite) reception, such as mobile phones or low-frequency wide satellites. The communication system can be polled in turn or the communication system can be called in the time interval that can be set. A basic ability of a tracking system to receive location information is only convenient to use a square it α to report the location, but in a narrow area such as a building without additional calculations or use in a warehouse The latitude and longitude will be the risk of the step, so the offset of the latitude of the referenced area frame GPS system will usually be used. For the wide area of use, longitude and height of the available information is suitable for the time position of the pull of 2.4GHz. This system is linked to a system and a program. Although it is very narrow, it is taken from a 62 1310919 batch identification. In general, more information about the project tracking system will be provided, not only when the project is seen by a reader. This information may be the configuration of an upcoming project batch in the meter being read. For example, “The following items are being taken out of stock and packaged to Shipment X”. Information about the shipment of the system of the present invention will be provided elsewhere. This information can come from a terminal that is close to a tag reader, which is directly connected to a system application (for example, a web browser-based application); this information can also be indirectly from a regional system. , it can pass an appropriate message to the tracking system. Since the project usually arrives in batches, the buzz can be cached in the area until the end of the batch is recorded. The reader or zone system then sends a message containing information about the items in all batches to the tracking system. The message can be in the form of a markup language such as XML. Each batch can be given a unique ID. A batch number (batch-1D) is a method for succinctly communicating general information about a group of items. Each reader can have a preset batch-ID and is used when no batch-ID is specified. If a batch-1D is used, the message from the reader can be of the form:

Timestamp, batch_ID (eg 96bit ePC), project ID, use batches to support a collation function for batches that are not batched before the project is read. For example, an assembly line can have a series of sequential items and a series of boxes. The reader reads the mark on each item and decides, for example, to place the item in box 1 or 2 or 3. Each box can be 63 1310919 symbolizing for example different configurations. The reader places a different batch -1D on each box, and each item is connected to the batch-ID of the box placed somewhere. A basic inch design can include a reader with a unique ID and a shipment that also has a unique ID. The reader is coupled to the shipment to produce a particular batch that has a unique ID. Multiple batches from the same or different readers can be combined to the same shipment. The necessary basic shipments may include a unique ID, a regional shipment number (e.g., a number for an area ERP), a cargo destination, a target delivery date, and a target delivery time. The combination of items each with a batch rather than a reader allows the information to be safely repeated without confusion. For example, if the configuration information is re-delivered, but because of a system error or reopening, the status of the system of the present invention will not change if batch_item pairing is used instead of reader item pairing. Configuration Actions A configuration action describes changes in the state of the object and project hierarchy associated with or associated with a marked item. Configuration actions include, for example, setting up a project or first introducing a project for tracking, location change, inventory confirmation, shipping, loading, unloading, and ending tracking. This configuration action "Build Project" records the initial properties of the project, such as the manufacturer, type, manufacturing schedule, and location. This action can include initializing the tag with some of the provided material. It usually contains an indication of where the project was initially 64 1310919. The configuration action "location change" means that the item is or has been moved to a new given location. “Stock Confirmation” means that the item is recorded when it is sensed at a storage location. The configuration action "shipping" means that the item is designated as part of a shipment. The shipping number known to the regional ERP can be given. The configuration action "loading" refers to sensing the item when loading a particular transport vehicle. The truck or other shipping ID can be combined to a shipping ID. The configuration action "unload" means that the item is sensed when a particular transport vehicle is unloaded. The vehicle ID can be combined to a shipping ID. The configuration action "Undo" is an action that effectively cancels any past configuration of the same item and the same batch. It is often necessary to revoke past configurations. For example, revocation occurs when too many items are loaded. This action is not idempotent. The configuration action "End Tracking" means that the tracking system does not expect to see the item again. This action can occur like retail sales or when the project package is opened and the box is recycled. The system of the present invention may archive the project data for future warranty or historical purposes. There are many possible configurations. The flexible configuration specifies that it is better. Shipment A shipment identifies a package, typically in the form of a project-type quantity table. A shipment also defines the move to a target 65 1310919 in these project type plans. The target can be a customer with an address, or another with the same company. The tracking system determines the location of the address, such as latitude and shoulder or receives this information as part of the shipping description. Regional ERP system. The shipment should be made. The tracking system captures the information and matches the specific item to the general item-type in the shipping schedule and inconsistencies. One or more of the billing shipments can be linked to a particular transport vehicle. In other words, several different parts of the shipment are sent to the same address and some are sent to different addresses and can still be loaded onto the same truck. The system of the invention confirms that the truck is loaded correctly. In addition, the system of the present invention can track the truck's estimated position and respond to inquiries regarding the location of the cargo. A particular logical shipment can in fact be spread across several transport trucks. The assignment can occur at the system level. In this case, the present invention tracks physical shipments rather than logical shipments. The system of the present invention can identify the transport vehicle and specify how to communicate with it. The invention system can therefore respond to questions such as: "Tell me the name and mobile phone number of the driving to the contaminated meat in San Francisco." Transportation - Route The "transportation" information is about the expected transportation of a ship or truck. Information about geographic paths. It can be a series of routes (way-points), such as cities, highway intersections, independent roads or street names, latitude and longitude, and so on. This transmission route can be explicitly provided. For example, the transfer method can be manually entered by the bit 5 report or the load point 66 1310919. The transmission route can also be calculated or inferred as described later. A transmission route is directly applicable to a transmission vehicle and is not directly applicable in a particular shipment. Configuration Messages A configuration message is a portion of a particular item that is sensed at a specified time as a batch for a particular configuration, such as moving to another location, shipping to a customer, and so on. The configuration message might look like this: Timestamp, Batch_ID, Item_ID. This simple message will be a project, a reader and a regional ERP. The shipping numbers of the roads are combined. The same configuration message is retransmitted with highly advantageous features because it does not change the state of the tracking system. Marking Memory The system objects and functions described are only relevant to the tracking mark item. However, a particular application may need to write data to a tagged item at a certain level when the tag is sensed. The system of the present invention can be written to read such tag data at any location. The system of the present invention can provide large-scale event reporting. For example, the system of the present invention can report other applications when a milestone event occurs. For example, when a shipment arrives at a customer, the system of the present invention can send a message to and from the replica system and trigger the list. 3.2 Cross-enterprise visibility The system of the present invention enables projects located in a supply chain to have cross-enterprise visibility. The system of the present invention can receive, store, and create visibility information about a project, such as the location of the project as it moves within a single enterprise or across multiple businesses. In addition, the system of the present invention can receive and store visual correlation information that correlates projects with customer orders, shipping documents, and other commercial transactions. The system of the present invention can receive correlation or configuration information from participants or businesses in the receiving supply chain and can make the information visible to participants or businesses in other supply chains. As shown in the figure, the system of the present invention can track items on a large scale and provide access tracking information. For example, its infrastructure tracks projects, which are located in many scenarios, such as factories, warehouses, retail stores, and homes around the world. Controlling Visibility In one implementation, the system of the present invention provides visibility of control. Instead, only a subset of the project tracking information can be seen by the participants in the supply chain. As shown in Figure 28, the system of the present invention can receive an authorization message that indicates an authorized setting for various characteristics of the item. The present invention can use the authorization information to determine which characteristics to see for which companies, for example, the authorization model shown in Figure 28 indicates that the project's objectives can be matched and loaded with 26 undecided 〇特68 1310919 Sex should be seen by the sender, but should not be seen by the manufacturer. The visibility of the control will be discussed in more detail in the following controlled access tracking. Project title. Figure 27 of the world model structure illustrates a multi-enterprise shared world model (WM) structure. The world model is a record and maintained A description of the structure, relating to the relationship, state, and history of an item tracked by an ITS. The world model can be implemented as a two-tier structure: the upper layer of the upper layer, the WM2710, which continues to track down a particular enterprise. Within the project; and a lower-level area WM2720' that continuously tracks items located at a physical location within the particular enterprise. The area VM can be housed in a shared ITS 1403 (as shown in Figure 14) and the upper layer The WM can be housed in a shared ITS 1404. An upper layer WM for an enterprise can communicate with the upper WM of other enterprises or the upper WM of other departments or levels in the enterprise through a network connection 1405. Figure 7 7 depicts a Joint or peer-to-peer cooperative arrangements in which each company directly shares information with other companies. The system of the invention can also support other types of arrangements. For example, '2 9 Display a hierarchy or combination arrangement, in which the upper WM2920 of each enterprise provides information to the central WM2910. It is also possible to combine the joint and hierarchical arrangements. For example, one of the upper WMs2710 can also represent the central in the joint model. WM 29)0 is a combination of an upper layer WMs2920. In Figure 27, each enterprise is described as having a single WM2710, 69 1310919. However, in some cases, for example for bestseller purposes, the upper layer WM2710 can be implemented as the upper layer WMs3010 A cluster is shown in Figure 30. Each upper WM3010 maintains the connection to the regional WMs2720, the rest of the other companies, the upper WMS2710, and the high-level business applications such as the ERP system. 3.3 Data communication and tight integration between world models A system and method for interleaving data across a plurality of nodes of a decentralized architecture, such as the joint architecture interspersed in Figure 29. The method provides bidirectional transmission between the regional WMs 2720 and the upper WMS 2710. The upper WMs2710 can report changes in other WMs related to tracking (eg for the recovery of contaminated meat) Conversely, the regional WMs 2720 can report project configuration changes (such as project creation, movement, or termination) to the upper WMs 2710. For each project, specify at least one upper layer WM27 1 0 for the project's responsible WM. The responsible WM is the upper WM of the enterprise, and the project is established at the enterprise (eg, the manufacturer). Any information received by the WM2720 through the federation about the project is reported to the responsible WM. The responsible WM maintains a complete project history. The responsible WM can be copied to improve data recovery. For example, a second WM27 10 may also be designated as a WM of the item, and any information received about the item is sent to the two responsible WMs. Once any “important business” changes have been reported to the responsible 70 1310919 WM, other WMs who are not responsible and hold information about the project can freely clear the information. Therefore, any separate area WM2720 can be restarted by a blank WM. However, changes that have not been reported before the restart will be lost unless they have been stored in the regional storage area before being restarted.

Arranging a path for the data to the responsible WM area WM2720 receives multiple tags to read the data entity, each time containing an item read from a tag when the item is detected at the area node, the tag is attached to an item on. The plurality of entities that the tag reads the material may collectively contain information read from the tag that is attached to a plurality of items in a shipment. Shipments in a supply chain typically include one or more item levels housed in the shipment (e.g., a shipment can contain pallets with separate items). Thus, in some cases, the area WM 2720 can receive material read from a shipping mark, and with respect to items housed in the shipment (eg, pallets, boxes, and individual items), the area WM2720 can be received from Mark the data read. For each project, the region WM2 720 will mark the read data to the WM report responsible for the project. In order to determine the WM responsible for the project, the WM2720 in the region can consult a correspondence table, which maintains the project and the combination of the designated responsible nodes. The correspondence table can be queried using all or any part of the project UID. Each item in a shipment can correspond to a designated responsible WM. Projects belonging to different product categories can be assigned to different designated 71 1310919 WMs. For each project, the designation is responsible for WM being the same at all nodes, or different for each node. In other words, the combination in each correspondence table can be different for each of its respective correspondence tables. For example, in a single enterprise, a production rule can determine that a business item moves to an upper-level WM report for that enterprise. This can be a single WM or a cluster. Once the move has been directed to the upper layer, the upper WM can be set to move to the WMs report outside the other enterprise. For example, a retailer can report a project to a manufacturer to achieve a more efficient supply chain operation. Thus, when a small part is sold on one floor, the area WM can determine the responsible WM to be an upper WM within the enterprise. However, at the upper WM node, the responsible WM for the same small part can be determined as an additional layer WM. In an exemplary case, the remote WM can respond to the manufacturer of the particular component. In another example, the remote WM may represent a commercial combination of the manufacturer and the like. In some cases, a node can be set as the medium for the forwarding path of its nodes. For example, a manufacturer can recognize all updated single externally accessible nodes from outside the enterprise. Once the update is received, the node can consult its own internal responsible WM pair to disperse the update based on the product category. This allows for a decentralized computing and data storage load in a way that is seen outside the enterprise. The following section describes the implementation of a protocol to exchange status between WMs. Nodes can have important layers in each section. WM WM reports a certain move. The retail order is the same level. The WM industry has a small zero and a small zero and arranges another one. This node should be inconsistent with the table. 72 1310919 This implementation uses a state exchange message to exchange between 1WMs. The message parameter contains the UID of the item and the timestamp when the current state of the item was last changed. The status exchange recipient message, which indicates that it has been gone. The status and time war exchange messages are resent before the acknowledgment is received. Project Establishment When a project is in the physical location of the manufacturer (enterprise A), the zone-"project establishment" configuration action for the physical location (world model WM-AL1). WM_AU then builds an example of an object representation of the item and specifies the dirty state of the item. The state of an object can be specified using a combination of flags to specify "dynamic", "delayed", "hanging m" "Dirty" means that the object indicates that it is the latest version. "Extensions of other world models have a only-dynamic version." The designation of the hang-jun is used for system retrieval &amp;# _ "μ correct designation. "Dirty finally to the responsible WM report, the Xiao state has been - in the way change. WM A11 then reports to the fisherman, _ said π responsible WM (WM_AP) that this report can be formatted with the message type ^^ ή4 4 state parent. &quot;WMAP establishes a; „ „ 一 疋 疋 延迟 延迟 延迟 延迟 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后 随后The status and status respond to a confirmation. This state is first established. The domain WM receives the logical table. It is “dynamic. The flag includes the flag. “Dynamic” means that it is a temporary.” This means that the project has been successfully constructed. WM_AP (wheleused) 73 1310919 in the list. The list of where to use is a correspondence that continuously tracks which object in the WM. The WM-AP then sends a status-exchange-and-acceptance message to the WM-AL1 〇This status exchange—and the approval message can also contain information that the parent company wants to combine with the newly created project. Upon receiving the approval, WM_AL1 removes the "dirty" designation from the object. Subsequent major changes in the business Once a project is established, subsequent major corporate changes are also reported to the responsible WM. WM — AL1 changes the state of the object to “Dynamic, Dirty”, transmits a status exchange message to the responsible WM (WM – AP), and clears the WM – AP after receiving the approval that the change has been recorded. "Dirty" flag. Moving out of the location When WM-AL1 detects that the project is at the exit of the location, WM-AL1 treats the condition as a corporate milestone and reports it to the responsible WM. WM_AL1 sets the object status to "Delayed, Dirty" and transmits a status exchange message to WM_AP. WM_AP updates the area object to "delayed" and transmits an acknowledgement to WM - AL1. WM — AL1 clears the dirty flag after receiving the approval. Summary and Communication Target Information 74 1310919 In some cases, the objectives of the project are known. The goal can be for a location within the same enterprise or for another business. For example, an enterprise document combined with this project may contain target information. Corporate document information is obtained through communication with traditional enterprise software systems such as ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). For example, corporate information can be associated with a specific shipment and is represented by a hierarchy of items marked by the shipment and an order record known to the traditional system. Institution, location, and shipping address are combined with unique UIDs. This unique UIDs are similar to the UIDs assigned to an entity project. The target WM for further notification of receipt may be explicitly specified in the field of shipping records, or may be better calculated using the same mechanism used to find the responsible WM for an entity project. For example, the responsible WM routing and updating mechanism can be used to direct further navigation of the shipping hierarchy in the following manner. A shipment target record can be created with a UID, and the responsible WM calculates the WM as the pre-received shipment. Once the shipment is physically aggregated and marked with a particular item known to be shipped, this mark hierarchy can be recorded as a change in the record of the target. Any changes to this record can be automatically communicated with the negative WM, which has been set as the actual target WM. Once the actual shipment arrives at the WM, it can have all the tag information to fully confirm the shipping content. In other cases, the system of the present invention is not targeted. The standard of the goods. This can result in difficulties in integrating with the ERP system. Both of these two inert systems can be handled. If the target is known, WM_AP places the object in WM for WM-AL2. If the target is known, WM_AP puts the object in WM for WM-AL2. A status exchange message is sent to the list to WM-AL2. When the item reaches the AL2 position, WM_AL2 changes the state of the object to "dynamic, dirty" and transmits a status change message to the WM-AP. WM_AP updates the area object and responds to a status-exchange and-approval message. In some cases, the target cannot be known in advance. When the project reaches the target location AL2, WM-AL2 creates a zone object with a &quot;delayed, dirty&quot; state and transmits a state exchange message to WM_AP. WM_AP updates its zone object and moves its zone for WM_AL2 The object goes to the "where to use" list and responds to a status_exchange_and approval message to WM_AL 1〇 moves to another enterprise (location BL1). If the target is known, the WM-AP transmits a status exchange message to the upper level of the target location. WM (WM_BP). WM - BP responds with a status-switch-and-acknowledgment message to the WM-AP and also transmits a status exchange message to WM_BL1. WM_BL1 creates a "delayed" object and places it in one In the list, WM_BL1 responds to a status exchange _ and - acknowledges the message to WM_BP. Once the item arrives at position BL1, WM - BL1 changes the state of the object to "dynamic, dirty" and transmits a status exchange message to WM_BP. 1310919 WM_BP updates the object in the area and responds to a status-exchange-and__recognition message. WM_BP then sets up the dirty flag and sends a status exchange message to the responsible W. M, which is called WM_AP. WM_AP updates its regional object and where to use the list and responds to a status_exchange-and-approval message to WM_BP. If the item does not know the target beforehand and the item reaches BL1, WM_BL1 establishes a "delayed, Dynamic, dirty "objects" and send a state exchange message to WM_BP. WM_BP creates a "delayed, dynamic, dirty" object and places it in the use list for WM_BL1 and responds to a state_exchange - and the approval message to WM_BL1 〇 WM - BP then transmits a status exchange message to the responsible WM, which is called WM - AP. WM - AP updates its regional objects and where to use the list and responds to a status - exchange - and - approval Message to WM-BP. Reducing data traffic between WMs In an alternative implementation, between a specific area WM and a specific responsible WM, the two WMs can be adjusted so that not all items in a shipment or The project hierarchy needs to report to the responsible WM. It is necessary to report which projects can be different between different WM pairs. Information on defining the project hierarchy can be provided to the regional WM. Responsible WM. For each item detected on the regional node, the area WM can confirm each item against the hierarchy information. However, when reporting the responsible WM, the area WM can only report in the hierarchy. A specific level of 77 1310919 items (such as the highest level) with an additional indication that all items under this system have been confirmed. The reliability of the message loss or copy transmission is automatically resent due to the status exchange message until Receiving a "suspended" or "dirty" state is a reliable conversion of the "dynamic" or "state". In some cases, a copy transfer occurs as a WM restarts after permanent storage. Because the state changes to carry a timestamp, it only works when the delaying entity comes in more time. Traditional mechanisms such as NTP (Network Time Protocol) or GPS clocks are used to synchronize the clocks on the network. However, the system of the present invention can operate without clock synchronization. Cold Center of Gravity Activation of the System of the Invention The system of the present invention can be reconstructed from a blank area WMs. Any detection with the project causes a "suspended" object to be created. Once there is an existing project, the WM will end. Regular cleaning The WMs in the area can be regularly requested to update “hanging”, “things” or objects that have not been updated for a while. An item that has not been referenced can be erased to the spatial memory. It is responsible for the removal or removal of the long-term storage object hierarchy that has not been referenced for a while: therefore, "the delay can be seen in the case of a new change in the old-fashioned information." Dirty time is still WM 78 1310919 3.4 Project plan The following section describes the project plan. When a project is established, the following options can occur. The project is manufactured and then combined with a specific project ID. As the project moves from manufacturing, it enters the tracking system at the first reader. The steps are: (1) establishing a configuration indicating "new project" and all desired project attributes: and (2) establishing a batch of secondary ID combined readers and configurations. The system of the present invention sees a series of configuration messages that are processed to establish system data about new projects. When the project is delivered to a warehouse, the following scenario can occur. Prior to delivery, the warehouse staff instructed the system of the present invention to carry out the project's planning actions. If the reader is in a fixed position and it is clear about the intended position, for example, if the reader is located on the door of a small storage compartment or on a conveyor that enters a storage compartment, this information may not appear. This step is: (1) Establish the configuration to indicate "configuration - location change" and location. (2) Establish a batch ID combined with the reader and configuration. The system of the present invention sees a series of configuration messages that display positional changes. The following scenarios can occur when shipping a project. • Typically the regional FRP or logistics system has an entry that describes a specific list of project categories and the number of specific customers that should be shipped to a given target. This customer may be for himself. The system of the present invention provides the following identification and validation capabilities: (1) Identifying specific items to be shipped. (2) Confirm the type of all items and the specified quantity that are in fact related to the shipment. For example, check the shipping and packaging process against the internal ERP system 79 1310919. (3) Identify all shipments that are intended to be departed on a particular vehicle, for example, the shipment will be loaded onto a particular truck to confirm that all items are indeed loaded onto the correct transport vehicle. During the transfer, the system of the present invention reports the predicted or location of the transport vehicle. In more complex scenarios, the goods can be resold in the direction of shipment. The system of the present invention confirms that the correct project is at each target location. The system of the present invention selectively allows the operation of the RFID at the destination to prove the delivery and trigger list. The system of the present invention can dynamically retrieve the delivery time and update the internal delivery time estimate. Using these basic types, the following steps can be performed from the storage to the shipping area. The ERP system reports a shipment to a regional ITS storage room using the __system application to: select the shipping ID from the list; select the configuration type: identification area Reader ID; and manufacture unique batch ID personnel use existing programs to remove items from the storage compartment and pass the device. The reader transmits a series of configuration messages to the system in the following format:

Time Note Batch ID Item ID This person indicates the batch completion on the system application. The program of the present invention immediately indicates any differences, such as missing items or multiple items. These differences can be repaired locally using a reversal configuration. Using these basic types, the following steps can be performed from the shipment to the transport bay. The shipper uses the system of the present invention to confirm that a particular shipment (system known) will be loaded onto a particular transport vehicle (e.g., a vehicle). This move is loaded. (4) Actual and change the unloading sensor selection. Personnel transported. The reading of the invention is the remaining one. A specific reader (located in the loading area of the truck) of the 80 1310919 has been combined with a carrier and indirectly combined with a group of shipments. The result is a batch ID. The reader transmits a series of configuration messages to the system of the present invention in the following format:

Timestamp Batch ID Item ID This person indicates the batch completion on the system application. The system application of the present invention immediately indicates any differences, such as missing items or redundant items. The system of the present invention knows all the collections of shipments that should be loaded onto this truck. These differences can be repaired locally using a reversal configuration. Any inquiry to the system for any particular item indicates that the item is located on this truck and is part of a specified load ID known to the regional ERP system. Therefore, if a project falls from a truck, all information from the system and the regional ERP system can be discovered. Using these basic types, the following steps can be performed from transport to reception. The truck enters the loading area at one of the shipping points. The system of the present invention combines a shipping target address for any known shipment with a known system location. The recipient stops the system application of the present invention and the vendor informs the person of the shipment collection scheduled to be shipped. The shipper enters the ID of the truck and is given a list of related shipments. If the tractor of the traction truck is replaced in the picture, the driver can carry a shipping designation or even a tag to clearly identify the shipment. Finally the person uses the same transport item used by the original shipper. Multiple sources can load cargo onto the same truck. The system application of the present invention clearly knows which item should be removed from the truck 81 1310919, even if multiple shipments are involved. The configuration type is designated as &quot;unloaded at a predetermined location." The result is a batch ID. The reader transmits a series of configuration messages to the system of the present invention in the following format:

Timestamp Batch ID Item ID This person indicates the batch completion on the system application. The system of the present invention instantly identifies whether excess material has been unloaded or if a portion of the shipment remains on the truck. Finally, the system of the present invention knows that the shipment is being shipped and can trigger a list message. Reliability issues All messages are transmitted, but they may appear in any order and some may be replayed. The system of the present invention can accommodate the downtime of multiple computers in the system of the present invention and the replay of possible accumulated messages. For example, a series of computers can accumulate a set of messages and record them to a disk. When the upstream system crashes and reopens, it may request replay of the previous message or replay the message that appears to be partially stored but not transmitted. The system of the present invention is free from replaying events arbitrarily. For example, the system of the present invention may encounter the following conditions: Timestamp-1 Item X is read and reported as part of Batch B1. Timestamp-2 Item X is read and reported as part of Batch B1. This sequence is a simple repetition and may usually be filtered out at the lowest level, but may be sent to the system of the present invention. 82 1310919 Secondly, an operator may find that the mobile project X is full of errors and enters a revocation:

Timestamp-3 Unlock Item X Then some parts of the inventive system may crash, producing the following replay: Timestamp-2 Item X is read and reported as part of Batch B1. If the revocation is not replayed, perhaps due to some aspect of how the system crashes, the system of the present invention will see: Timestamp-1 Item X is read and reported as part of Batch B1. Timestamp-3 Undo Item X (Batch B 1) Timestamp-2 Item X is read and reported as part of Batch B1. However, the correct explanation is that there is no movement of item X. To get this explanation, the undo is made sticky—for example, the undo is accumulated and effectively replayed after each no-replay event belonging to a given batch. With an accurate decentralized clock (within + /_ milliseconds), the system of the present invention records the timestamp of each configuration as well as each item - including revocation. The system of the present invention can ignore configuration messages that are younger than the most recently received message and produce correct results in the previously described sequence. However, this method does not always produce the correct results. For example, assume that the event and the corresponding timestamp are as follows: Item X is moved • Timestamp-1 Item X is read and reported as part of Batch B1. Project X moves again, 83 1310919 Timestamp _2 Item X is read as part of batch B2. The operator considers that the movement of item X2 is erroneous: Timestamp-3 revoke item X (batch B2) The system of the present invention crashes due to crashes or other events, so the system of the present invention sees: Timestamp-2 item X is read and Reported as part of batch B2. Time Note-3 Undo Item X (Batch B 2 ) Timestamp-1 Item X is read and reported as part of Batch B1. A simple algorithm that ignores all messages except the one that received a new message about the item recently means that the system of the present invention will ignore the batch B1 message and the batch B2 message will be ( Correctly) ignored. However, the system of the present invention would consider the item X to be in a state prior to B1 but this is not correct. A more efficient algorithm during system replies is to organize all available messages in a timed window according to the timestamp of the message and then process all messages in sequence. 3.5 Information Capture Scheme The system of the present invention can be implemented to provide a human level interrogation interface, either by a combined system or by both. Regardless of where it is implemented, examples of inquiries and certain functions regarding the interrogation interface will be described below. The most basic question is: Where is a particular project? For example: Where is the bottle of medicine? This inquiry is low cost and easy to implement using traditional query construction techniques. This technique may also provide a query construction mechanism that allows interactive selection of 84 1310919 qualifiers such as project time, manufacturer, etc. to separate a separate project meaning that the user may not know the real project ID, but may have to The system of the present invention is inquired to identify items manufactured and shipped to a certain pharmacy at a certain time, and the like. Another question is: What is the specific type of project location? Where? Such as: Where are all D-cell batteries? There may be many project types (eUPCs) for D-cell batteries, multiple manufacturers, multiple chemical types, and so on. A reasonable interface allows for the creation of a query that includes multiple categories. Other inquiries are: Where are the projects in a particular geospatial space? For example: Where are all D-sized batteries within 100 miles of Seattle or: Where are the items within a given shipping range? For example: Where are all D-sized batteries within four hours of Seattle? You can first place an expected shipping delay form from different geographic locations to Seattle to support these queries. By defining this complex geography, the system of the present invention looks for items within the geographic form. The system of the present invention can also support queries such as: Where are all the specific attributes? For example: Where are all the tanks that are more than two years old (now the flood season - manufacturing flood season)? Where are all the radiation tires manufactured by Firestone from January 1, 2000 to January 1, January 1st? What is the waiting time for this project_type storage room? How long can a D-sized battery last in the storage room before being sent to a retail store? How long can a D-size battery last on a retail shelf? Ask the drug pool % Instances to be re-established The drug can be used at 85 1310919 to implement the system of the present invention to provide various statistical options, such as providing value calculations, standard deviations, sales volumes, minimum values, and maximum values. Thus the inventive system can support the query, for example: How long is the average time from position X to position γ? For example: How long does it take to ship Acme's products from Chicago? Implementation strategy for advanced queries - The overall system is implemented by the combination of ITS implementations plus additional applications, the associations of the ITS implementations are linked to each other, and the application is a geospatial application that can be utilized Simply scan the collected data to dynamically predict the item's query for the diseased answer. These queries may require more expensive tracking techniques for each project. Examples of advanced queries include: Where is the Golden Top battery that can be shipped to Seattle in four shipments using normal shipping methods? All are closed through the Colorado roads, and those shipments may be affected? Where is the expected current location of all minced cattle shipments? Interrogation relating to shipping delays The system of the present invention knows when a shipment is loaded onto a truck, loaded into a destination, and when it is unloaded from shipment when it arrives at the destination. Therefore, the system can record and record all the start and end bit pairs in the system. The accumulation of this data allows the present invention to calculate the statistics of the shipping time, such as the average, the mode, the standard deviation average, and the statistics of the invention of the shipment of the meat that is shipped to the passive body of the West Body group. 86 1310919 Large value, minimum value, etc. Therefore, time-based queries are possible, such as: Where can the batteries shipped to Seattle within four hours using normal shipping methods? There are several possible ways to respond to shipping delay inquiries. For example, the steps in the first method are as follows: (1) Identify all the types corresponding to the Golden Top project. (2) Identify all locations in the largest geographic area (such as Canada and the United States) that have the Golden Top inventory based on the project_type. (3) Identify all destinations in the past in the Seattle Statistical Area for the receipt of the Golden Top Battery. This action is a simple geographic search based on Seattle, battery type and cumulative history. (4) Based on the list of the grounds from step 3, find out the average shipping time of all the destinations. Find the point where the starting position of step 4 and the available storage location of step 2 are found. (6) Sort the start position/target position/average delay in step 5 as a basis. Select those locations where the average delay reaches a standard equal to or four hours. (7) Step 6 gives the answer to the question; the knot position can appear on the map. (8) Other information, such as shipping costs, may optimize the selection, so for example, the system of the present invention answers possible sources of shipping costs. This method only considers the starting position that has been used in the past to ship the Aratu. The search can be expanded to check the joint historical shipment portion, where the expected delay is within a certain tolerance level and the total consolidation for that portion is not specific. It is also easy to adjust the above method to find the electricity supplied to Seattle, such as the Golden Top, where the battery has been connected to the project. (5) Cross-recording is less than the energy of the energy can be the smallest to the west. It is all over the pool. The most expensive source is 87 1310919 regardless of time. The first method identifies the shipping delay and the historical shipment based on the battery to find possible sources of goods. A second method uses a commercially available path to arrange design software and services. These established solutions estimate an optimized path and driving time (or other transportation) between any two locations in the United States or other countries. Based on these techniques, the following steps can be used to answer the query: (1) Identify all project-types that correspond to the Golden Top battery. (2) Identify all locations in the largest geographic area where the Golden Territory location is stored (eg, Canada and the United States) with a gold-top battery inventory based on the project-type. (3) Use the route arrangement design software to establish a driving schedule from each location with battery inventory to Seattle. (4) Organize the form and identify those inventory locations that are within four hours of driving time in Seattle. This second method identifies shipping paths that may be, but are not, often used. For example, due to taxes and other factors, Golden Top may have never shipped from Canada to the United States. The above method may show that the fastest source from Seattle is Vancouver. Whether or not to use this source is a business choice. Shipping Barrier Inquiry The system of the present invention knows the source and destination of all current shipments. The system of the present invention also knows the start time of each shipment and the average transit time for each pair of start and end positions. Therefore, it can answer questions like: All roads passing through Colorado are closed. Which shipments may be affected? 88 1310919 There are several possible ways to answer shipping barrier inquiries. For example, the first method, as shown in Figure 21, may have the following steps: (1) Identify the geographic area of the route disruption, such as Colorado. (2) Identify all current shipments and those that are counted in a favorable period. (3) The following steps are performed for each shipment: (a) forming a boundary box (13〇1111 by 1^1?〇乂) 2120 of the start position 2130 and the end position 2140. (13) Decide whether the boundary box crosses or overlaps. (c) If they cross in any way, they are considered to be potentially damaging. As will be described later, even if there is no cross or dependency, such as on a highway, a mountain, a waterway, etc., it may be destroyed. See below. This method provides a basic and versatile indication of potential damage. A more specific indication can be formed by viewing the straight path 730 from the starting position to the ending position. If the route is broken and there is a crossover, there is a stronger indication of potential damage. The idea of having a transport path in a second and more explicit method is illustrated using Figure 22. In method two, steps 1 through 5 of method one are used to indicate whether the route destruction 8 1 0 may affect a particular shipment. If the boundary box intersects with the route, check the details of the route in the plan, for example by considering the waypoint 2 2 2 0. If the path between the plan and the route is broken at right angles, there is substantial potential for destruction. The figure illustrates that when the route destroys blocking the straight path, it does not really block the metering route 810. Using Figure 23, a more detailed path can be provided in a method three. 89 1310919 These paths can be provided by local direct entry of each path, by street name, or by using path planning software. These detailed information allows for a more accurate detection of the damage to established roads that affect the transport of the vehicle. The steps are: (1) Deciding that the route on the blocked highway or road section is destroyed 23 1 0. (2) Find all transport routes for all shipments in the time window 2 3 2 0. (3) Pairing the path destroying road portion with the counting path. Where it matches, the indicated path will be destroyed. Instant Location Representation and Inquiry A Real Time Location System (RTLS) provides continuous object tracking. This tracking is usually done with a potentially expensive transponder. The system of the present invention achieves an item carrying inexpensive passive RFID tags and provides an RTLS approach capability. Thus there are two basic methods of answering location queries. In the first method, the transportation system (e.g., truck, boat, aircraft, etc.) has an RTLS. The immediate location of all transport systems is monitored and the system of the present invention combines a particular item with the transport and thus combines with that location. In the second method, the information collected by the passive tag from the fixed location and the information about the scheduled shipment are used to roughly estimate the current location of the item. This approach is cheaper and provides many of the benefits of transporting RTLS without the need for any RTLS infrastructure. It can also work with third-party carriers. If there is RTLS capability on the shipment, the formal shipping process combines a shipment with a mode of transportation. If the transport itself is an item marked 90 1310919, such as a truck with a RTLS type furnace, the nearest RTLS update of the present invention knows the exact location of the shipment. An example of a location inquiry is: Display all the minced + meat shipments. The RTLS method follows the following steps: (1) Query the item for which the beef is to be shipped (4). ((10)^ The item is in the shipment. (3) Identify the transport vehicle used for each item. (The sentence is recently updated with the RTLS update for the mark to find the transport mark object 〇(5) to display the current geography, for example, latitude and longitude. position.

Although there is no RTIS capability, the present invention knows when the shipment is a truck, the destination of the shipment, and when the shipment is completed at that destination. Thus, the system of the present invention can record information displayed in the start and end positions of each pair in the system of the present invention and record it in the log. The system can then calculate the median, or average, and shipping time. The present invention system estimates the current location of a shipment and can optionally have a Confidence range. This method is used in the next step to return to the query example (showing the estimated current position of all twisted shipments): (1) Query the desired ground beef item-type. (2) Find out the time of these shipments based on past history. (3) Find out all the current shipments for this type of project-type comparison start time, current time, and average time for each shipment. This amount estimates the proportion of completion of the trip. The current location can be estimated and displayed in several different ways. In the straight line method, the estimated wraps from the start position to the end position system are all loaded from the found position and loaded on the loading information of the invention, and the shipment of the ground beef. (4) For the transportation, 丨24th straight line 13 1310919 line route roughly estimated the entire shipping itinerary. The location 2420 of the shipment can be estimated by calculating the estimated ratio of completion of the trip 2 4 1 0 and assuming a straight path. This method does not correspond to real-world roads and roads, but it gives an acceptable rough estimate of the location of the cargo relative to the destination. From the other method shown in Fig. 25, a detailed path for each shipment is established as described above. This method can provide, for example, a detailed sequence of route portions 2 5 1 0 - 2 5 1 8 that can be highlighted on a map. The route planning software estimates the elapsed time to a particular point on any route. For example, in Figure 25, the estimated driving time to each switching point is estimated and accounted for. Based on an understanding of the actual start time, the system of the present invention can estimate the current position of a transport vehicle at a level of a particular location on a particular road. This method is particularly useful for determining the effects of a known transport disorder, such as a closed bridge. 4. Data Transfer between Project Tracking System and Tag Reader The following sections describe the implementation of the system of the present invention, which inserts hardware and software between the tag reader and the ITS. The functionality of the inserted hardware and software can also optionally be integrated into the ITS, such as the portion of the OIC 104 in Figure 1. 4.1 Event Router An implementation of the system of the present invention uses one or more event routers to transfer information between the IT S and the tag reader. The event is a message from one software 92 1310919 entity to another software entity. An event can be used to notify the event recipient of the occurrence of something, or to send a query to the recipient. An event router can be used to distribute events among several entities. Examples of event routers that can be used include the subject-based KnowNow8 event router, available from KnowNow of Mountain View, Calif. • or for content-based Elvin messaging services from Distributed Systems TechnOlOgy, Queens Island, Australia Center obtained. This topic-based and content-based event router can also be combined. For purposes of illustration, the system of the present invention will be described in its use in a particular inventory management scheme. Figure 36 depicts a retail location for the Project Tracking System (ITS) that is used as part of an inventory management system. The retail location is a store. The store has an inventory of tagged items. When the marked item is brought into or out of the store, it can be detected by a monitoring system 3 6 1 0. The monitoring system 3 6 1 0 includes a plurality of tag readers placed in one or more locations in the store. The monitoring system 3610 also includes memory for storing the current state of each item in the inventory. This status indicates whether the item exists at a particular location or has been removed from that location. The monitoring system 3 6 1 0 also includes computer logic that determines when the status of the item changes, such as when the item is added or removed from the particular location. The logic can be further adjusted to transmit an update whenever there is a change in the state in which it is detected. The inventory update can take the form of an event that includes the ePC of the item, the ePC of the tag reader, and a stamp. The event may also include an entry/exit parameter indicating whether the change is added or removed. In one implementation, the monitoring system 3610 includes one or more smart shelves. A smart shelf is a shelf that can be reported when a reality is added to or removed from the shelf. A smart shelf contains a number of tag readers on one or more shelves. A smart shelf contains computer logic to determine whether the project is added or removed. ITS3620 is intended to include multiple item tracking information that is part of a stored inventory item. Whenever the project enters or leaves the store, the ITS automated control system 3 6 1 0 receives an event and updates its data store to reflect the transaction-inventory planning tool 3640 - the computer program solution 1 performs in a periodic accounting operation Inventory management function. In the store associated with the merchant, the inventory planning tool 3640 stores the data from the TS 3 67 0 and decides whether to replenish the store inventory. The inventory plan 3 64 0 can receive alerts from an Early Warning Agent (EWA) 3 63 0 to enable the inventory plan to perform inventory management functions associated with the store outside of its usual periodic schedule. In particular, the EWA 3630 can send a warning to the inventory planning tool 3640 to determine whether to replenish the inventory required by the store. Whenever the project enters or leaves the store, it is even arbitrarily moved from one part of the store to the other. The EWA self-monitoring system 3 6 1 0 receives an event. Using the information received in these matters, the EWA decides when to send out the warning to the inventory planning time, which is actually the hustle and bustle item placement, and the 维 维 维 该 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 , Tools in the piece 94 1310919 3 640 ° Early Warning Agent The EWA3 63 0 contains logic to decide when to send a warning. Yes The decision to issue a warning includes the application of one or more rules to the inventory update. A rule specifies a specific condition and a specific action when the condition is consistent. For example, a rule may specify that a warning should be sent whenever the inventory level is low. The E W A 3630 can be applied with a predetermined set of rules, or it can contain artificial intelligence logic to make it respond to current or historical inventory samples. This artificial intelligence logic allows the EWA to estimate the potential stock level changes not far away to aid in the identification of potentially dangerous conditions. For example, at the beginning, the rule can specify that when the inventory falls to 1 〇 to quickly activate the alert. However, if the EWA3 63 0 detects that the warning sent in summer is much more frequent than other festivals, the EWA3630 can adapt to the seasonal change by increasing the threshold from 1 2 to 20, so the library tool 3640 will be more dry. Receive notification of an approaching stock shortage. The EWA3 6 3 0 can capture and analyze current and historical inventory data as trends, such as planning the difference between replenishment and actual replenishment, and establishing a forecasting model for inventory needs. These trends and predictions can be determined using linear back-classifications and regional tree diagrams or 'other speculative algorithms to compete in an implementation'. The EWA3 63 0 estimates the consumption actions that can affect inventory for each planned replenishment (eg, assuming history) Execution of the data, it is estimated that the delivery will be carried out in one place, but it will be changed in the future when it is repaired. It can be counted as a 95 1310919 type of planned truck loading. The source is B. The 12-disc bottle of ob. The bottle will arrive at any time between four hours before the planned delivery time and between six hours after the scheduled delivery time, and the number is between 95% and 100% of the required quantity). The EWA3 6 3 0 compares past commitments regarding several stocks and actual shipping times to produce a forecast of the actual delivery period in the calculation but not yet completed and the future replenishment quantity. The EWA 3 6 3 0 combines estimates of potential changes in several independent actions, making it an estimate of the potential change in overall inventory. These algorithms can be implemented using a decision tree image that is a classification or a region tree. In other implementations, the EWA 3630 builds the predictive model based on aggregated data rather than considering independent actions, which represent the cumulative level of replenishment and consumption. These algorithms can be implemented using possible inference models such as Gaussian approximations. Further details regarding the algorithm used by the EWA 3630 can be found in the publicly-owned, pending review of the U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 60/384,63 8, 2 0. Proposed on May 31, 2002, the contents of this application are included in this reference. Inventory Planning Tool The Inventory Planning Tool 3640 is available for both the application and the inventory replenishment plan. One such inventory planning tool, the 3640, is an advanced planning tool and optimization tool (APO) available from SAP AG. The inventory planning tool 3640 contains logic for developing inventory plans. The logic includes a logic for receiving an alert from the EWA 3630, and 96 1310919 should be alerted to determine if replenishment is required. In a specific embodiment, the inventory plan has a 3640 default plan for replenishment. An EWA3 63 0 monitors a portion of the library Multiple E W A 3 6 3 0 to cover the entire inventory. A related trigger triggered the inventory planning tool 3640 has decided whether to re-plan for the entire replenishment. The decision may include taking inventory from the ITS3620 and determining or forecasting the demand data. For example, a trend regarding &gt; degree demand may cause the inventory planning tool to prepare not only X but also more products Y, which is known to be the production indicator. As shown in Figure 37, an event routing intermediary software such as an (ER) 37 10 can be used to distribute events between different entities, such as between the monitoring system 3610, the ITS 3620, and the EWA 3630 planning tool 3 6 4 0. A suitable event router-based theme is the KnowNow8 event router, available from Mountain View's KnowNow: or the Elvin Message Service, available from Systems Technology Center in Queens Island, Australia. This topic-based event router can also be combined. Content-Based Event Routing In a specific embodiment, the content of each message is replaced by a full library. The portfolio of police inventory that can be combined with the inventory of the inventory of the inventory of the product is higher than the product of the leader. In this case, the inventory includes the content-based distributed basis of the California-based distribution. And the path to the user with the arrangement of spontaneous 97 1310919. The content of each message can be split into multiple content areas. For example, the message 01.0037F2.001508.000319F827 related to a project with the ePC can be divided into the following 内容 content areas: (1) Header: 〇1 (2) Manufacturer: 0037F2 (3) Product Type: 001508 ( 4) Serial number: 0003 1 9F827 (5) Message type: See @, Request, Response - See @Message as a message that the item has been detected at a specific location. A "request" message is used to send a request to a user and a "response" message for posting the response. Other message types can also be defined. The user can specify a message filter based on the value of the content field. (Example: Manufacturer = 003 7F2 and Message Type = See @) Subject-based event routing In an alternative implementation, events can be categorized by title. A software entity may only be interested in events about certain titles. The software entity can subscribe to only certain headlines and it will only receive events about those other than the other headings. Figure 38 illustrates the header structure based on an ePC structure. A split title can be created for each data area of the ePC, namely the manufacturer, product type, and serial number. For example, for a project with the ePC01.0037F2.00150 8.000319F827, the following title can be created: 98 1310919 (1) \〇61^阻111^\0037?2\〇015081000319[827\See @一此The title covers the “see event” associated with the project. (2) \centauri\003 7F2\00 1 508\0003 19F827\* — This title contains the events reported to Title 1 and other types of events related to the project, such as “ Request and Response events (3) \centauri\0037F2\001 50 8\*—This title contains the events reported to Title 2 and events related to other projects in the same product category 001508. (4) \centauri\ 003 7F2\*—This title contains all events reported to Title 3, and also includes events related to other items with the same manufacturer 003 7F2. Split title can also be created for events related to the reader. For example, for one The reader of the ePC01.0B39C2.000815.004711F 827 can be created with the following headings: (l) centauri\0B3 9C20008 1 50047 1 1 F82 7\ ePC has been seen - this title covers a specific ePC that has been detected Specific reader related events. (2) centauri\0B39C2000815004711F827\*—This event message covers an event related to a particular reader that has detected any ePC. A header-based event router has a header combination and each header has an address. Such as a URL. By transmitting the event to the address of the title, an event can be issued to a title. In order to determine the URL of the appropriate title to publish a message, a publishing entity such as a monitoring system 3 6 1 0 (Fig. 3 7 You can consult 99 1310919 An Extended Object Naming Service (EONS) 3720. An EONS37 20 maintains a correspondence between the project ePCs (or a reader ePCs) and one or more ERs corresponding to the title. An EONS will be a project The (or reader) ePC treats the input and answers the URL for one or more identified titles (sj. The EONS3720 can be implemented by extending a traditional 0NS example of Oat Systems and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The 0NS developed by the Auto-ID Center, which is described in more detail in the Object Naming Service Technical Manual (issued by the MIT Auto-ID Center). The traditional object naming system is similar to the knowledge. Named Internet Domain Name System (DNS) and based on it. Published Protocol Flow As shown in Figure 39, in operation, the monitoring system 3610 recognizes that an item has been added or removed from the inventory. The monitoring system creates an event that includes a tag identification token, a reader identification token, and a time stamp. The mark identification mark identifies the changed item. The reader identifies the token to identify the reader that detected the change. The timestamp identifies when the change was detected. The monitoring system 3 6 1 0 then consults the E ON S 3 7 2 0 to determine where to transmit the event. The monitoring system 3610 provides the ePC of the EONS item and the ePC of the reader and retrieves the URLs for the item title and the reader title from EONS. The monitoring system 3 6 1 0 then sends the event to the two titles. The ER(s) for the title item and the reader project arranges the route to one or more users. For example, the ITS can receive a reminder for the user of the project title 100.

Can be the user of the reader title. The EWAIER was sent out, . In order to get an event alert to the inventory planning tool, if the inventory planning tool is further triggered to re-plan the current information about the inventory, the inventory plan has an ampoule path to the T ^谤ER required inventory data. The ER then responded to the event with a stroke -* π IT only bamboo. Then, for the event I ^ ^, by sending the required inventory data to the inventory regulation, as shown in the first scale, the title is used for the title that each user wants to order. After the question p, leave the 0NS to determine the location of the ER about the specific title and follow the question, about ϋ ^, the event to be posted to the title. Upon receipt of the ^ event, the user can use the reader contained in the event to weave the token, and the jm determines the location of the item. The location can be a physical location (eg - * 字 八 疋 latitude, longitude and altitude) or a logical location (eg, located in the container XYZ ^ -t. * under the soap A B c). The user can also use the tag to identify the token to determine the location of the additional news about the item. For example, the tag identification token can be used to retrieve a PML (Product Markup Language) file for the item. As shown in Fig. 41, the 〆E〇NS 3720 can maintain correspondence between a plurality of tag items (or readers) and a plurality of ERSs 3710&amp; to 3710c. As described above, the corresponding support multi-click key includes a item key and a reader key. The EONS 3720 can serve multiple monitoring systems 3610 as well as other tag reader applications. In an implementation, the E〇NS 3720 is a secondary system of 101 1310919 that contains corresponding information, an inquiry server for responding to the request, and a name resolver that can receive an e P C and resolve the location. As shown in Fig. 42, a particular ER is decentralized to be an ITS 3 620 (like other users) and a specific ER, such as the ER 3710. A user can define the range of the relevant and set the dispersion. 4.2 Integration Engine As shown in Figure 31, a real engine 3 1 1 0 of the system of the present invention acts as the ITS and the tag. The integrated pen can be implemented on the target reader and the body and hardware. The integration engine 3110 may alternatively be, for example, part of the QIC 104 in FIG. The integration engine 3110 can be used with the tag reader for other kinds of smart projects. In this specification, it is a type that can be stored and communicated with an external system about its own machine. Any communication channel can be used (such as the radio frequency i communication process can lead the smart project stored in the smart project order data also has the processing power to enable it to interact with it, and for example, coordinate a common behavior and contact different types The material contains a unique project and other project features about the project. Some inquiries about the location of the information - the ePC to an ER to multiple ITSs, like ITS can subscribe to more than one IT S want to use one The inter-integrated ITS of the integrated reader is inserted softly; in the ITS, the communication is like a project with a "smart project" or ^, infrared. The change. More sophisticated, his smart project is straightforward. Wisdom items can be stored, and UIDs can be sensed. 102 1310919 can store situational information such as temperature, humidity, acceleration or position. Communication data can be real-time or historical data, or both. Examples of smart projects include tagging projects, RFID interrogators, devices, perceived goods, and embedded web applications. A query is made to a tag reader and writer. The actuator device is a machine that moves or something (such as a conveyor belt, a vending machine). The goods are goods that can detect information about their situation (such as goods with a position or temperature). Support for a particular sensor or actuator device is implemented using a bulk interface such as the exemplary software shown in Figure 34. The integration 3 11 0 collects data from different types of smart projects 3 1 2 0 and provides the data to the high-end application 3130 including the ITS 103. The integration 311 0 can also write data to the smart project 3 1 20 . Integration Engine The integration engine 3110 reads and writes the information from the smart project 3120 to process the data and provide the processing data to the high-end application 3 1 3 0. This information is provided when the data is processed as soon as it is received. The integration engine 310 can also receive data from the high-level application 313 0 and write data to the smart item 3120. Processing the data can include data filtering. For example, an application is only interested in receiving UIDs and location data, while other applications are only interested in collecting data from a smart project. One point is available. The actuator is a controllable sensor. A hard engine collects the engine material, and the program processes the programmable 103 1310919 filter to request data for each application. Processing the data can also include a summary of the data. The summary of the data includes combining the data to create high-level data. For example, the UID of an item located in the truck is combined with the temperature read from the truck to create a temperature reading for the item. Aggregating data makes the data more meaningful than treating it separately. The summary can also include accumulating real-time data into a batch and delivering the batch data over a predetermined period instead of instant delivery. This information can be placed on a time stamp with the date and time of collection. The integration engine 3 1 1 0 is adjusted to connect different types of hardware interfaces that provide basic read and write functions. The integration engine 3110 translates between a particular hardware data format and a common format, or in some cases between a particular hardware data format and a particular application format. In this case, the integration engine 310 changes the hardware details to the application 313 0. Figure 32 illustrates how to use multiple integration engines 3110 to manage a large number of smart projects. Each integration engine 3 1 1 0 can be assigned to transfer data (eg, factory, loading area, store) between specific locations where smart items are discovered. The application 3130 can subscribe to one or more integration engines 3110. Each integration engine 3110 can be implemented as a set of multiple integration engines 3110. The rollout of an integrated engine can be an input into a higher order integration engine 3110. Figure 33 illustrates an exemplary implementation of an integration engine 31 10. The integration engine 3 1 1 0 manages all processes and resources that involve interaction with smart projects and controls the overall process. The integration engine 3110 includes a control manager 3 3 1 0, an interrogator agent 3 3 2 0 , a processing agent 3 3 3 0 to 104 1310919 and a communication agent 3 3 4 0. The component can be implemented using conventional programming techniques, including component-based technologies such as Java, C# or C" objects. The Control Manager 3 3 1 0 is provided between the integration engine 3 1 1 0 and the application 3130 The programming interface. The programming interface implements a common (non-specific implementation) communication interface to where multiple adapters can be plugged in. The adapter is in a specific communication interface (eg RFC, COM' COKBA, IMS 'HTTP) and a universal communication interface. The control administrator 3310 receives and interprets the rule from the application 3130, receives and interprets the client command, and exemplifies the appropriate interrogator agent, processing agent Programs and communication agents to enforce rules that define or limit various aspects of the behavior of the interrogator agent, the processing agent, and the communication agent. For example, the rule defines what information is provided for an application. Program (for example, only UID or location data), what kind of data is written to the hardware (for example, if the temperature of the truck falls to the pre- The threshold is written in the next, or when the data is turned off (for example, daily). The rules can also define how the collected data can be combined to produce high-level data (for example, combined with the UID of a project in a truck) The temperature of the truck determines whether the item is overheated. The control manager 3 3 1 0 interprets and applies the rule when the data is received. In one implementation, the control manager is housed in a regular storage area or in some manner In conjunction with it, to store rules received from the application: the control administrator is also housed in a rules engine or in some way with its junction 105 1310919 to execute the storage rule. Rules received from the application can be UML (Unified Modeling Language) model, EJB (Enterprise JavaBeans) fruit XML (Extensible Markup Language) file representation. If necessary, the control administrator 3 3 1 0 converts the rule to an internal format used by the rule engine. The interrogator agent 3 3 20 is responsible for overall control of a single hardware interface such as an RFID control interface. An interrogator agent 3320 is integrated The body interface, the control administrator 3310, and a processing agent 3 3 3 0. The interrogator agent 3 3 20 can be adjusted according to the requirements of the hardware interface. For example, some hardware interfaces require asynchronous polling and vice versa. Event or interruption. The interrogator agent (3320 usually does not perform any processing on the collected data, otherwise it only forwards the data to a processing program 3 3 3 0 for processing. A processing agent 3 3 3 0 is responsible for the data Filtering, summarizing, and shipping. The processing agent 3330 interacts with the control administrator 3310 and an interrogator agent 3320. To perform data filtering, the processing agent 3 3 3 0 receives one or more interrogator agents. Collected sensor data. The processor code 3 3 3 0 exercises the rules engine to determine if any data meets the conditions specified by the rules. The data in accordance with this condition is forwarded to the communication program 3340. In order to perform the data aggregation, the processing agent 3 3 3 0 stores the data in a buffer until it has received all the jitters required by a particular rule. The processing agent 3 3 3 0 receives a data in a specific hardware format or uses the assembly method to generate the data. 106 1310919 The processing agent 3 3 3 0 uses the correspondence table to The conversion between the specific hardware format and the general format is the format that the integration engine 3110 outputs to the application 3130. This data loading can be shared among multiple processing agents. Some processing programs 3 3 3 0 can only process data that contains a specific type of information, such as purchase order numbers. In these cases, the interrogator agent 3 3 2 0 is based on the type of hardware (eg, a code scanner sends out bar code information) or a relay material describing the material (eg, referring to the logical tag type illustrated in FIG. Definition) Determine the type of data that it has collected. Some processing agents 3 3 3 0 can process complex data from a number of processing agents 3 3 3 0 of the output summary data. The same processing agent or agent 3 3 3 0 can service applications that require the same data. A communication agent 3340 is responsible for providing data to the application 3130 using either one of a push-in or pull-out model. An application may explicitly require a read or write operation to be performed on the smart item 3 1 20 (pull-in model), or the π application may request that the integrated architecture notify the when the data is received from the smart item 3 1 2 0 Application (push into the model).

The communication agent 3340 words one or more processing agents 3 3 3 0 receive the processed data and provide the information to all subscribed applications 3 1 3 0. The communication agent 3 3 4 0 maintains a list of 3 1 3 0 and its respective destination parameters. The communication agent 3340 can be a collection of communication agents 3 3 4 0, wherein each communication agent implements a particular communication interface or protocol (eg, RPC, COM, CRBA 'JMS 107 1310919 or HTTP). Instead of directly providing the processed data to the ordering application 3 1 3 0, the communication agent 3 3 4 0 uses an intermediate tool, such as an event router. The event router will appear in the list of ordering applications. An event router is a service that arranges paths for messages (events) between software entities. This message can be used to inform the recipient of the message that certain events have occurred or that a query has been sent to the recipient. Examples of suitable event routers include the Kno wNo w8 event router, available from KnowNow Corporation of Mountain View, Calif.; or the content-based Elvi messaging service, available from the Distributed Systems Technology Center in Queens Island, Australia. In one implementation, the communication agent 3 3 4 0 provides the data in the form of a data item (or object collection) having methods for the external application to retrieve the UID or additional project data. In another implementation, the data format is XML. The advantages of XML are flexible, extensible, self-describing, and widely used by data exchange. Hardware Interface Figure 34 is a block diagram of the exemplary hardware interface 3 40 0. The hardware interface 3400 is a software that allows higher-order software to interact with the basic hardware. Today, a wide range of RFID technologies can be obtained from multiple vendors. Depending on the application, you need to select a specific type of tag (active/passive, read/rewritable, etc.). It is advantageous to implement the hardware interface using open standards, so the hardware interface can be used plus multiple RFID technologies from multiple vendors. The hardware interface can receive an inquiry to read the material from the hardware interface or request to write data to the hardware interface. The data from the hardware interface can be alternatively transferred to the interrogator agent 3 3 2 0 or a processing agent 3330.

The interface 3400 includes an abstraction layer-server 3410 that hides the details of the interrogator 3 4 2 0. The server 3 4 1 0 communicates with the interrogator 3 420 through a hardware accessory interface. In operation, a particular server 3 4 1 0 entity is only responsible for an interrogator 3420. However, several applications can simultaneously communicate with the same server 3410 entity. A server 3 4 1 0 supports at least two different kinds of read queries. A separate read request reply message is only available on the mark that can be read now. A continuous read requires that the reply message be buffered on all tags that have been read and after the previous read request is made.

A server 3 4 1 0 can receive the data to be written. The material to be written may be data stored on a mark or control material for controlling the behavior of the hardware. For example, a smart conveyor belt can receive control information for switching between the left conveyor belt and the right conveyor belt: a smart vending machine can receive control data for adjusting a target price or machine temperature. In addition, a server 3 4 1 0 enables the following functions to be utilized: Initial 100% This function initializes the interface 3400 for utilization. Initialize all hardware, including the necessary communication ports, software objects, and processes. This is a general initialization function. Specific hardware details can be set in a specific hardware settings file. 109 1310919 Termination This function terminates the use of this interface 3400. This is the reverse function of initialization. All hardware is released, the communication port is closed and all related software objects and processes are terminated (unless they are used by other processes). This is a generic termination feature. Specific hardware details can be set to specific hardware profiles. Detection Flag This function detects whether the marker is now readable and how many markers can be read. Defining Logical Tag Types This function defines the logic. Tag type for a particular tag. This logical tag type describes the organization of the material on the tag. The exemplary electronic marker 3 5 0 0 shown in Figure 3 illustrates this. As shown, the user profile on the tag is physically composed of 3 2 of the original data block. Logically, however, it has three named data blocks: an item number ("ARTNR") 35 10 , a description of the item ("ARTDESC") 3520, and its price ("PRICE") 3 53 0. As shown, the length and the start address of the field are not necessarily the same as the block length and start address. The logical tag type defines the name, the start address, and the length of each data block, its data type (to easily map the field to the application data), and a description of each field. This logical tag type also defines the location for storing a tag identification token. This logical tag type definition 110 1310919 can be extended to include additional information. Get Logical Tag Type Description Polar Field Name This function gets information about a logical tag type. This feature will normally be used to get the field name as well as the field length and data type. Start/End Continuous Read This function reads data from specific fields of all tags and can be read when this function is performed. A parameter indicates whether a separate or continuous read mode is required. For continuous mode, the server buffers all information that reads the tag. Each of the calls to the read function clears this buffer in continuous mode. However, a call in split mode does not clear the buffer. Read block from a specific tag This feature is similar to the previous feature. The difference is that only fields from a single tag with a specific tag ID are read. It may be necessary to read multiple tags to identify the tag with that particular tag ID. Write field to multiple tags This function writes the same data to a specific field of all tags, which can be written when this function is performed. The block has a name and depends on the type of tag that defines the tag. The same data is written to all tags. You can use this feature to write to a large number of tags, for example at the end of a production line. 111 1310919 Write field to specific tag This function is marked - the # & type of the specific tag. The block that was written. No operation has been made here. Write data to the block in the field of reader writer operation. This field has a name and the current tag is dependent on its UID. The data is only written to all of the data specified in the tag block and the data field can be locked with either of the two write functions, as long as the hardware supports the feature.彳 Write and lock the field at the same time, or — the previously written field can be locked just without overwriting its data. Specific hardware calls A 1 hardware may provide some functionality beyond this interface. This feature is available to the customer. This feature provides a mechanism to call directly from the application via a specific hardware. Incorrect operation ^ When a communication error occurs, the hardware device 3420 or the server 3410 first attempts to resolve the error caused by itself, for example, by retrying an operation several times. When the low-order error operation fails, the interface 34 provides information about where the error occurred so the application can take appropriate action. In addition to the generic error code of the wrong type of error, a detailed description of the error is provided. The interface 3400 recognizes at least the following types of error conditions: 112 1310919 (1) The interrogator did not respond: the interrogator could not be initialized. (2) Read error: The η flag is detected, but only m is correctly read] (m&lt;n). No flags in this field are not error conditions. (3) Write error: The tag cannot be written, either because there is no tag in the innocent pad or because there are some specific write issues such as locked fields or generally fail. (4) There is no hardware support. Home is a data lock feature that may not have hardware support. 5 • Tracking Information Filtering, Filtering, and Encryption The following sections describe an implementation in which the tracking information is compressed, filtered, or encrypted before it contacts a business. It will be described in the context of a solution and involves a producer and a consumer. The producer or consumer may be a manufacturer, a distributor or a retail machine or any other location or part of a location that processes the marked item as shown in Figure 43, a producer 4301 sends a shipment 4303 Consumer 4302. When the consumer 43 02 receives the shipment 43 03, the erased tag reader system 4 3 0 6 reads the information from the container tag 4 3 0 7 and the entry 4 3 0 8 . In order to confirm the shipment 4 3 0 3, the consumer needs shipping content information 4309 from the producer 4301. This shipment 4309 can contain the UID of the container and all UIDs in the container. Other information related to each item, such as the color of the item, may be combined with the UID of the item or externally stored on the mark. Through the implementation of a business structure, the target of the target is 43 02 information purpose color, a pass 113 1310919 network 4 3 1 0 such as the Internet, the consumer 4 3 0 2 can 43 0 1 receive shipping information 43 09 and may also transmit status update asset 430 1 . The area located in the consumer location ITS431 1 retrieves the information from the system 4 3 6 and pairs the tag information with the shipment | As shown in Fig. 45, a method 4500 for tracking information between a producer and a consumer can receive a plurality of starts by a producer, each identification code uniquely identifying a related item (45 1 0) &lt;; The ID can be read from the tag attached to the item. In order to make item tracking feasible, each tag carries a code about the item, for example, divided into an 8-bit header (bits 0-7) 4510 for the field: ePC administrator (bits 8-3 5) 4620, object rhyme 36-59) 4630 and serial number (bit 60_95) 4640. Each unity organization has a unique code for each individual item in the ePC administrator field that has a unique coded product category that is uniquely encoded in the item category. A unique code is used in the serial number except for ePC. UIDs. The producer classifies the identification code into one or more (4520). Each set of identification codes may correspond to all of the basketballs of a particular type of item I from a particular manufacturer. For each set of identification codes, the producer recognizes that the excess of the code is common for each set of codes (4 5 3 0). For example, the 4th 7th ePCs for all basketballs of a particular manufacturer include the self-producer's message to the student's mark, the r-reader, the communication number, and the identification code. Class (the bite is already in the set. In a group of intercepts. Also can class i identify the code (for example: out: part, the figure shows, a redundant part 114 1310919 points 4701 - in particular, the ePCs share The same ePC pipe type. This is redundant in the ePC's hierarchical architecture. The producer creates a file containing one or more groups (4 5 40). However, in this document, the ePC can calculate most of the size. For example, as shown in Figure 47, a shipping document contains items - which contain ePCs for each shipment item. When the project's compilation of the ePC becomes an important part of the file size. To reduce the size of the file, the producer 4301 organizes For each set of identification codes, the extra portion of the code will be listed alongside the omitted redundant code portion. Here the ePC hierarchy is designed to be compressed with each ePC for example, for all packages and Shipment to It is not necessary to include all the ePCs of each basketball in the basket file of one location. Conversely, the shipping file may only contain the types of objects related to the ePC entry and an ePC prefix 4 802. 4500 similar masking techniques to other contexts. For example, the size of a small production order in production can be applied. In a new factory that prepares a manufacturing project, a production order is usually drawn up, which lists the bid for each item. This situation is still true for the head, ePC administrator, and ePC object type. By applying Method 4 5 0 0, this redundancy can be reduced without listing all the redundant parts for each item and only the serial number is listed. The staff and the material t are born. The identification code is divided into large-level information of the file. When the number is increased, the file is output once and each method is available. The ball is in the shipment as shown in Figure 48. A member of the project 〇 other than the shipment below the production line, an ePC. Even the same time production orders, e PC s, can save 115 1310919 can be by the vector. Continuously to further reduce the size of the file (shipping, production or other), it is not necessary to list the serial numbers of all production items. Otherwise, as described below, the serial number of the first established project ("EPC_BASE") The total number of items produced by the project (eg 1 000). Additional information about each item is like the color of the item, which can be listed separately for each item as follows. <Product_Order_ID = 123 4 5 66&gt; <Item_list number=1000 EPC_ prefix=01.000A89.00016F&gt;&lt;EPC_base&gt;00 1 68 1 23&lt;/EPC_ &bottom&gt; <item> &lt;color&gt;red&lt;/color&gt;;&lt;/project&gt; <item> <color> red. color&lt;/color&gt;&lt;/item> <item> <color> red&lt;/color&gt;&lt;/item&gt;&lt;/Items-List&gt;&lt;/Products-Orders&gt; 116 1310919 Along a supply chain, there will usually be items marked and unmarked. In addition, only certain types of items such as pallets or packages are tagged with RFID. In addition, each company can mark the project. For example, a shipping company can mark its shipping package to automate its library logistics process. Therefore, there may be RFID tags on the item, the package, the pallet, and the container level, and the tags may come from different businesses. However, a simple reader/interrogator cannot distinguish between a project and the project container from the project. As a result, all read UIDs must be reported to a central system and filtered. This process is inadequate and cumbersome for a system that must process millions of reports in a single day. A task assignment and serial number used by an enterprise ePC administrator to control the type of object. The company can also define its own summary of physical objects that are attached to the company's manufacturing projects. For example, pallets and packages produced by the manufacturer may or may not have their own ePC markings. However, in the context of a transportation company, there is a container for shipping physical items. The delivery shipping process from one shipping area to another can be performed quickly by simply confirming the pallet or package rather than its full context. This method requires the shipping company to tag the container with its own ePC. The reader can be adjusted to take a specific type of ePC style. For example, the reader can be adjusted to register a container starting from the character "1" in the object type portion of the ePC. The actual XMK filtering profile would look like this: <container-category>0 1.1 234566.1 XXXXX&lt;/container_category 117 1310919 In this example, the Xs is a mega character, which is located in the string forming the ePC Medium; the reader will receive any data located at these locations. Setting up a reader in this way allows the reader to filter the ePCs it reads and to check only the type of container indicated in this summary. Therefore, filtering can reduce the amount of information that is sent from the reader to the monitoring application or process, such as the shipping confirmation process. Figure 49 illustrates a method 4900 for filtering tracking information. Filtering can occur at different stages in the delivery process (i.e., through multiple consumers) and in a particular consumer by the picker or reader system. For example, as described above, filtering occurs at the tag reader level. Alternatively or additionally, a consumer's ITS may also filter the data it receives from the tag reader. Receives an identification code combined with multiple items, including separate items and a container for the item (4910). Each identification code (e.g., ePC) is a word _ that uniquely identifies the combined item. The identification code can be retrieved from a plurality of source homes as a tag reader, a shipping file or an ITS (shared or regional). A character is placed in each identification code that indicates the only individual item or project container for the item (4920). As described above, the container can be distinguished from a separate item having "1" in the container as the beginning character of the encoded object category portion; however, other characters can be used as well as the Yuyuan position based on the settled word. The element determines whether the identification code corresponds to a separate item or a container (4930). When such a decision is made on the mark reader level, the mark reader can distinguish between the independent item and the project container, and use the separately to filter out Reads that are unrelated to reading 118 1310919 information recipients. For example, if the recipient is a shipping company, it may only want to know the label for each tag container, but not the item itself. In this case, a higher order component in the reader or system can filter out the code for the individual item and send tag information about the container to the recipient. Controlling access to tracking information In a cross-enterprise computer scenario, this tracking information can be consumed by multiple consumers. However, the producer may not necessarily want all consumer access to a decentralized level. For example, the manufacturer may record information about a shipment such as "responsible person" or "quality level", which may be accessed by certain consumers (eg tax bureaus), but other consumers have no access. In one implementation, access to tracking information is controlled by providing a portion of the consumer file. For example, a shipping company may only need (or be authorized to know) the total number of shipments, but the shipping authority does not need to know (or is not authorized to know) other (eg, color, price) of the shipment. However, transmitting only the same encoded file to all consumers will be more efficient. Therefore, an alternative implementation provides the same file to all consumption but in an encoded format. Each consumer is then individually provided with a selection to decode only a portion of the file. The encoding and decoding can be completely transparent to the external 43 12 such as an ERP system. In other words, the input and output of the trace information can be a completely unencoded file. A registered capital is only transmitted by the same person. If it is only necessary to know the characteristics of the company, the selection department should chase 119 l3l〇9i9 as shown in Figure 50, and perform a control access tracking information. In method S, a producer establishes tracking information about a set of items. The tracking information represents each item with one or more characteristics and a corresponding value (5〇1〇). The producer encodes the tracking information by encoding each of the explicit characteristics of the tracking information with its corresponding explicit coding scheme. The producer transmits the encoded tracking information to a recipient (5030), determines which characteristics the recipient has authorized access to (5 040), and provides a subset of the recipient's programming scheme (5 05 0), This subset only includes coding schemes for the characteristics that the user is authorized to access. It can be done during the tracking process, such as before storing the tracking information to a mark or before the tracking information is stored in the ~Shared ITS. Executable method 5000 is whenever the tracking information is released and when the sender wants to control access to the tracking information. As described in Fig. 51, in a method of performing collection of items, a consumer receives tracking information about the code collected by the item. The tracking information (5丨丨〇) is encoded by encoding each of the explicit features of the tracking information with its corresponding explicit coding scheme. The consumer also receives a subset of the coding schemes that contain only coding schemes (5120) regarding the characteristics that the recipient is authorized to take. Finally, the consumer decodes the characteristics (513 〇) that the recipient is authorized to access. The tracking information can be stored in the - XML file as part of the markup with the - physical object #. With a reader, a consumer can retrieve the retrieved file from the tag. The consumer can alternatively retrieve a 120 1310919 XML file from another location, such as from a shared ITS or other computer system. A file type definition (DTD) or an XML profile defines the relay data of an XML file. A DTD can be included in an XML file or stored separately. For example, a DTD-named product, as shown in the table below, product type, product ID, version, vendor, selling price, origin, manufacturing time, effective time, responsible person, quality level, and weight characteristics field: &lt; ? xml version = "1 · 0" encoding = "UTF-8"? &gt;&lt;! project product (product type, product ID, version, seller, selling price, origin, manufacturing time, effective time, person in charge, quality level) &gt;&lt;! project product type (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;;!Project Product ID (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;!Project Version (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;!ProjectSeller.(#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Selling Price (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Origin (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Manufacturing Time (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Effective 曰 间 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Leader (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Quality Level (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Product Group (Product +)&gt; An XML file based on this DTD file is in the following table: 121 1310919 &lt; ? xml version = "1.0" Encoding = "UTF-8"? &gt;&lt;! file type product group system product level · d 1 d &gt;&lt;productgroup&gt; <product> &lt;product type&gt;χχχχ&lt;/product type&gt;&lt;productID&gt;45EF76345&lt;/ Product ID &gt;&lt;Version&gt;E3DF67&lt;/Version&gt;&lt;Seller&gt;AAA&lt;/Seller&gt;&lt;TrafficPrice&gt; 1 9 8 8 - 1 2-2 8&lt;/Selling Price&gt;&lt;Place of Origin &gt;621 &lt;/Place of Origin> <Manufacturing Time>2000-1 2-28&lt;/Manufacturing Time&gt;&lt;EffectiveTime&gt;2002-12-28&lt;/EffectiveTime&gt;&lt;Responsible&gt;KellyDe&lt;/person in charge&gt;&lt;productgrade&gt;6&lt;/productgrade&gt;&lt;/product&gt;&lt;product&gt;&lt;producttype&gt;χχχγ&lt;/producttype&gt; <product ID>45E003 1 23 &lt;/Product ID&gt;<Version&gt;9FD56&lt;/Version&gt;&lt;Seller&gt;BBB&lt;/Seller&gt; <Selling Price>3.4&lt;/Selling Price&gt; <Place of Origin>621&lt;/Place of Origin> Manufacturing time &gt;2000-02-28&lt;/manufacturing time> 122 1310919 <effective time>2002-02-28&lt;/effective time> <person in charge>1^¥111 Smith&lt;/person in charge&gt; <product grade &gt; 8 &lt;/ Product Level> &lt; / item &gt; &lt; / Product Group> 52 a view illustrating a file system, the index table file for encoding and encoding stone contact tracking information 52455240 in a network. A producer 43 01 uses an index table 523 0 to convert the XML file 5210 into an encoded XML file 5215. The table is also converted to a producer DTD file 5220 to a code 5225. The consumer receives the encoded DTD file 5260/5270 from the producer on the network. The consumer uses a single item to convert the encoded XML file to a consumer XML file name to convert the encoded DTD file to the consumer DTD file 5275 using the consumer XML file or the consumer DTD file. The index table 5230 is used in production The client side establishes an XML index table to associate the tag name to the index value. Optionally, each has a corresponding value. The tag name is a generic descriptive code of the name. The index value of the markup should be selected to be efficient. The index table used to control the XML file of the product group can be a tag name name. The file can be used to replace the markup item with a place index. The producer can use the DTD file code XML or the ground index table. -5265 &gt; or. The consumer) file. A cable feature field is also indexed as the code of the target. Previous Next: Index 123 1310919 Product 1 Product Type 2 Product ID 3 Version 4 Vendor 5 Price 6 Origin 7 Production Time 8 Effective Time 9 Responsible Person 10 Product Level 1 Product Group 12

The index value in the index table can be arbitrary, thus making the encoded xml file difficult to interpret without an index table.

Based on the index table, an XML file is transferred to an intermediate data file called encoded XML file 5215. An encoded XML file corresponding to the XML file created above with the index table is: &lt;? Xml version: "1,0" encoding = "UTF-8" &gt;&lt;! file type 12 system " 12.dtd &gt;&lt;12&gt;&lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;XXXX&lt;/2&gt;&lt;3&gt;45EF76345&lt;/3&gt; 124 1310919 &lt;4&gt;E3DF67&lt;/4&gt;&lt;5&gt;AAA&lt;/5&gt;&lt;;6&gt;1988-12-28&lt;/6&gt;&lt;7&gt;62 1 &lt;/7&gt;&lt;8&gt;2000-12-28&lt;/8&gt;&lt;9&gt;2002-12-28&lt;/9&gt;&lt;10&gt;KellyDe&lt;/10&gt;

&lt;11&gt;6&lt;/11&gt;&lt;/l&gt;&lt;1&gt;&lt;2&gt;XXXY&lt;/1&gt;&lt;3&gt;45E003 1 23&lt;/2&gt;&lt;4&gt;9FD56&lt;/3&gt;&lt;5&gt;BBB&lt;/5&gt;&lt;6&gt;3.4&lt;/6&gt;&lt;7&gt;621&lt;/7&gt;

&lt;8&gt;2000-02-28&lt;/8&gt;&lt;9&gt;2002-02-28&lt;/9&gt;&lt;10&gt;KeVinSmith&lt;/10&gt;&lt;11&gt;8&lt;/11&gt;&lt;/l&gt;&lt;/12&gt; At the same time, an encoded DrD file is created based on the original DTD file. The aforementioned 125 1310919 corresponds to the DTD file and is combined with the index table to create a coded DTD file: &lt; ? xml version 2 "1 o" code = "UTF_8" ? &gt;&lt;! item S 1 (2, 3, 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 )&gt;&lt;! Item @ 1 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Item a 2(#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Item S 3(# PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! item g 4 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! item g 5 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! item g 6 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! item a 7 (#PCDATA) &gt;&lt;! item a 8 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! item a 9 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! item g 10 (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! item H(l+)&gt; When the consumer encodes the file, the consumer can change the logo to conform to the consumer's own naming convention. A further benefit of controlling access to encode this information is that the encoded tag name takes up less space than the unencoded tag name, which is typically descriptive and can be very long. You can choose a concise index value like the simple numeric indexing scheme mentioned earlier. Tags have limited memory or space. Therefore, by using the simple line 126 1310919 to direct more tracking information (such as feature block) can be included in the tag. Similarly, when the tracking information traverses a network communication, the encoded information can be transmitted using less bandwidth than the uncoded version. Figure 5 3 illustrates a method for checking that an appropriate index table is used to create an encoded XML file. The system of the present invention first checks if the index table needs to be updated (5 3 1 0). If not, it is convenient to create an encoded XML file or a coded DTD file using the existing index table. If the index table needs to be updated, a new index table is created and subsequently used to create an encoded XML file or coded DTD file (5330). The encoded XML file is transmitted over a network or stored in a smart tag associated with a physical object. At the consumer, a destination index table is used to decode the file. Referring to the index table and as shown in the following example, the destination index table associates the tag name with the index value. Tag Name Index Product 1 Product Type 2 Product Identification 3 Version 4 Vendor Name 5 Production Time 8 Valid Time 9 Product Group 12 All indexes located in the destination index table must appear in the corresponding source 127 1310919 index table, which is used for the index table Create the encoded file. However, all indexes in the index table may not appear in the corresponding destination index table. The consumer of the XML file receives the tag name and an index of the only property fields that the producer authorizes the consumer to share. For example, if a manufacturer has the XMI file and the consumer is a retailer, and the manufacturer does not want the retailer to see a feature field named responsible person and product level, then these indexes will not be published. Now the retailer's purpose index is in the table. The tag name combined with a specific index in the destination index table may be different from its corresponding index table. Therefore, the consumer can adjust the name to match the consumer's application. Based on the above-mentioned destination index table and the encoded DTD file, the consumer will see the following DTD file: &lt; ? xml version = "1 · 0" code = "UTF-8"? &gt;&lt;! file type product group system "product group.dtd" &gt;&lt;! project product (product type, product identification, version number, vendor name, selling price, origin, manufacturing time, effective time &gt;&lt; !Project Product Type (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Product ID (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Version (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Seller (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! Project Selling Price (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! project origin (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt;! project manufacturing time (#PCDATA)&gt; 128 1310919 &lt;! project effective time (#PCDATA)&gt;&lt; ! project product group ( Product + ) &gt; Based on the above target index table and the encoded XML, you will see the following XML file: &lt; ? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" &lt;! file type product group system "product group; dtd &lt;Product Group&gt;&lt;Product&gt;&lt;ProductType&gt;χχχχ&lt;/ProductType&gt; <Product Identification&gt;45EF76345&lt;/Product Identification> <Version Number>E3DF6 7&lt;/Version Number&gt; Seller Name>AAA&lt;/Seller Name&gt; <Selling Price>1 98 8- 1 2-28&lt;/Selling Price 5 〈 Place of Origin &gt; 621 &lt;/Place of Origin&gt; <Manufacturing Time>2000_12-28&lt;/Manufacturing Time&gt; <effectively robbed&gt;2002-1 2-28&lt;/valid time&lt;/product&gt;&lt;product&gt;&lt;ProductType&gt;XXXY&lt;/ProductType&gt; <Product Identification> 45Ε003 1 23&lt;/Product Identification> <Version No.>9FD56&lt;/Version Number> <Seller Name>BBB&lt;/Seller Name&gt; <selling price> 3 · 4 &lt;/selling price&gt; File, the consumer? &gt;&gt;&gt; 129 1310919 <Place of Origin> 621 &lt;/Place of Origin&gt;&lt;ManufacturingUstures&gt;2000-02 - 28 &lt;/manufacturing time&gt; <effective time> 2002 - 02 - 28 &lt; / effective time &gt;&lt;/product&gt;&lt; /product group&gt; The present invention can be implemented in a digital electronic circuit, or a computer hard Body, software or a combination of the two. The invention can be embodied as a computer program product, that is, a computer program, which is explicitly included in an information carrier, such as a machine readable device or a transmission signal for being used by a data manipulation device to control or control the device. operating. A computer program can be written in any programming language, including a compiled or interpreted language, and can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone process or as a component, component, subroutine, or suitable for use in a computer context. unit. A computer program can be deployed to be interconnected by a communication network on a computer, in the same location, or on multiple computers distributed in multiple locations. The method steps of the present invention can be carried out by one or more programmable processors that execute a computer program to perform the functions of the present invention by operating the input data to produce output data. The method steps can also be performed by special purpose logic circuits such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or A SIC (Application Specific Integration Circuit), and the instrument of the present invention can also be implemented as the special purpose logic circuit. Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, for example, general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one of the digits of any one of the digital computers is 130 1310919 or more processors. . Generally, a processor receives instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory or both. The necessary components of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Typically, a computer also contains one or more of a plurality of access devices for storing data, such as magnetic, magneto-optical or optical disks, or operatively coupled thereto to transmit data to or receive data therefrom or both. The information carrier suitable for containing computer program instructions and data includes all forms of non-volatile memory including, for example, semiconductor memory devices such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices: disks such as internal hard disks and mobile disks: magneto-optical disks: And CD_ROM and DVD_ROM discs. The processor and memory can be supplemented by, or included in, special purpose logic circuitry. In order to provide interaction with a user, the present invention can be implemented on a computer having a display device for displaying information to the user such as a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) or LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display, and a The keyboard and pointing device are like a mouse or a trackball that the user can use to provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the consumer, such as providing a return to the consumer for any type of visual feedback such as visual feedback, audible feedback or tactile feedback: and input from the consumer can be any The form is received, including an audible, dictated, or tactile input. The invention can be implemented in a computer system including a back end component. The home is a data server or includes an intermediary software component. The home is an application. 131 1310919 type server or statement bar ^ i 一 鳊 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 像 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 具有 ' ' ' ' ' Is the σ interaction of any of the backend, mediation software, or pre-render components. The components of the inventive system can be interconnected by any form of digital communication such as a communication network or medium. Examples of communication networks include - regional networks ("TAN", , , ^) - wide area networks ("WAN") and an Internet. The computer system can include customers and feeding machines. A client and server are often far away and usually interact through a communication network. The relationship between the customer and the word processor is due to the fact that the computer programs are executed on their respective computers and have a customer servo relationship with each other. The invention has been described in terms of specific specific embodiments and aspects. Other specific embodiments are located in the scope of the patent application +. For example, the steps of the present invention can be performed in a different, top order and still achieve the desired result. The system of the present invention is flexible and provides a number of commercial methods for tracking projects. In one method, a system or a plurality of customers subscribe to a system provided by a service provider, and the service provider allocates the service to a network such as the Internet. in. In this case, the customer does not need to obtain the component or the overall system, thus saving the capital cost. The customer &gt;5^· deficiency L # IS1 also replaces the component or the overall system, thereby saving operating costs. The ids Mongolian Zhiyue system of Mingben Station can also optionally support any combination of the above commercial laws. For example, a customer who has completed this exquisite &amp; 丄 0 jib can subscribe to the system of the present invention. The customer can obtain the component or the overall system. 132 1310919 Other options are located in the scope of the patent application. The system of the present invention supports a range of new or enhanced applications throughout a region to a global industry. Other applications of the system of the present invention include supply chain management, asset tracking management, security and access control, shipping, charging, sales application points, and baggage handling. These examples are further explained below. Supply Chain Management RFID systems are ideally suited for identifying high-unit, high-priced products that move in an assembly process such as automotive or agricultural equipment manufacturing. The RFID system also provides reliability that is indispensable for permanently identifying product carriers such as boxes, crates, and pallets. Other applications in supply chain management include work in process tracking and package delivery. Asset Tracking and Managed Asset Tracking and Management Applications include applications for monitoring equipment, personnel, and documents flowing in a space such as a building, yard, or terminus to enhance control and retention of assets, including personal Good tracking. Security and Access Control The movement and use of valuable equipment and personal resources can be monitored through transponders attached to equipment or carried by equipment or individuals. The transponder can also be included in a credit card sized security stamp. Home security call systems and 133 1310919 building access are two examples of security and access control applications. Transport: Transponders can be attached to vehicles (eg, airplanes, trains, trucks) and can contain important information about the vehicle and its contents. Shipping applications include fly, train and shipping container tracking, public transport ticketing, and scale station programs. The toll collection application includes the addition of a transponder to the "carrier. The response sends a code identifying a prepaid account to a reader that deducts the fee from the account. The point of sale includes these items including retail items, counterfeits Prevention and sale of electronic monitoring and usually involves marking a separate null with a low-cost transponder, which is essentially a dynamic tag. Baggage handling in a baggage handling application, using an RFID transponder like a smart tag to carry air baggage Marking to allow the air baggage handling operation to be traced from the moment a travel ticket enters the airport until the passenger arrives at its final destination. [Schematic Description] Figure 1 is a block diagram depicting a system in accordance with the present invention. An example of a unique identification code is shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 is a block diagram depicting an implementation of the system of the present invention. Figure 4 is a flow chart. Describe a project introduction process. Fig. 5 is a flow chart depicting the operation of a temperature sensing device and an RFID tag. A flow chart describes the response of the system of the present invention to an event such as loading a box onto a tray. Figure 7 is a flow chart depicting an upgrade operation. Figure 8 is a flow chart depicting upgrade, read, and alert operations. Figure 9 is a flow chart depicting a supply operation. Figure 10 is a block diagram depicting a warning confirmation and a scenario in which a message flows in or out of a tag. Figure 11 is a block diagram depicting a warning confirmation and data. Another scheme for flowing in or out of a mark is shown in Figure 12 as a flow chart describing a flow of data. Figure 13 is a flow chart depicting another aspect of the flow of data. Figure 14 is a The block diagram depicts one implementation of the system of the present invention. Figure 15 is a block diagram depicting software components within the system. Figure 16 is a block diagram depicting the mechanism for storing, changing, and interrogating tracking information. A block diagram depicts the asset list function. Figure 18 is a block diagram depicting a shipping plan. Figure 19 is a block diagram depicting another shipping plan. 135 1310919 Figure 2 0 is a block diagram The mechanism for data recovery is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 is a block diagram depicting a mechanism for responding to queries. Figure 22 is a block diagram depicting a mechanism for responding to queries. Figure 23 is a block diagram depicting a A mechanism for responding to an inquiry. Figure 24 is a block diagram depicting a mechanism for responding to a query. Figure 25 is a block diagram depicting a mechanism for responding to a query. Figure 26 is a block diagram depicting the basis. A large-scale implementation of the facility. Figure 27 is a block diagram depicting a world model structure. Figure 28 is a block diagram depicting a delegation model. Figure 29 is a block diagram depicting a world model structure. The figure is a block diagram depicting the implementation of an upper node as a cluster. Figure 31 is a block diagram depicting an implementation of the system of the present invention. Figure 32 is a block diagram depicting an implementation of using multiple integration engines in a hierarchical system model. Figure 33 is a block diagram depicting an integration engine. Figure 34 is a block diagram depicting a hardware interface. Figure 35 is a block diagram depicting an electronic tag. Figure 36 is a block diagram of the basic architecture of an inventive management system that is implemented in conjunction with a project tracking system in accordance with the present invention. Figure 37 is a block diagram of an implementation using event routing. Figure 38 is a diagram of a subject structure for event routing. Figure 39 is an illustration of a protocol flow for publishing. Figure 40 is a diagram of a process for subscribing to one of the agreements. 136 1310919 Figure 4 1 is a block diagram of an object name service for locating an event router. Figure 42 is an illustration of the use of an event router to be spread across multiple project tracking systems. Figure 43 is a block diagram of a system for contacting a manufacturer with a customer. Figure 44 is a block diagram of a system for using a shared project tracking system for contacting a manufacturer with a customer. Figure 45 is a flow chart of a method for contacting tracking information. Figure 46 is an illustration of an electronic product coding structure. Figure 47 is an illustration of an unmasked shipping document. Figure 48 is an illustration of a masked shipping document. Figure 49 is a flow chart of a method for filtering tracking information. Figure 50 is a flow diagram of a method for contacting tracking information. Figure 51 is a flow chart of a method for accessing tracking information. Figure 52 is a diagram of a file, an index table, and a system for encoding the tracking information. Figure 53 is a flow diagram of a method for checking an appropriate index table for creating an encoded XML file. Similar reference numbers and designations in the various figures indicate similar elements. [Description of main component symbols] 137 1310919 2 〇 Box is manufactured and labeled with the mark ' 'Seeing' mark (Unique System Identification Symbol, UID) connected to the object interface component of the manufacturer of the object 21,64 Object interface The component manufactures and transmits a "see event" to the communication mediator component 23, 43, 66' 72' 82' 91, 122, 126 CMC arranges the path for the event to context-aware smart component 24 context-aware smart component: knows the object (UID) )? 25 Context-Aware Wisdom Component: Is the event a type of "New Physical Object (UID) Event"? 26 Context-aware smart components are manufactured based on specific data—new physical objects (UIDs) 27 context-aware smart components store new object data 28 context-aware smart components update the state and state history of objects (uid) based on the input data 32 ' 102 Talk element (TC) 3 3 X , 33y , 33 z firewall 34x manufacturing. X: object interface component 34y shipper Y : : object interface component 3 4 z retailer Z ; object interface component 36, 106 communication 1 mediation software Component (CMC) 37, 108 Context-Aware Smart Element (CAIC) 38, 1 10 Human Interface Component (HIC) 138 1310919 and Temperature Critical 40 Object Interface Component Write as "until when RMS Data to Tag (UID) Brigade Reset Tmax 41,89 object interface component; write to the required mark? 42. The object interface component manufactures and transmits a "new physical object event to the communication intermediary software component 44 production system manufacturing a 'introduction physical object event (uid)" including Features, access rights, rules and alerts and transfer them to the communication mediation software component 45 communication mediation software component for the event The routing path to the manufacturer's production system 46 context-aware smart component transmits an "object unknown event (UID)" to the communication intermediary software component 50. The manufacturer attaches the sensor to a pallet, resets its memory and Start the 5 2 sensor... Is it time to measure the temperature? 54 Measure the temperature T and store it with the time stamp on the history of the mark 56. If T&gt;Tmax 'set Tmax = T and store Tmax to mark 60 The pallet is loaded with boxes and sensors. 6 The context-aware smart component updates the status and status history of the object (uid) based on the input data. 70 The tag reader of the shipper connected to the object interface component "sees" on the pallet. The tag (UIDs) of the upper box includes the sensor tag (UID, 139 1310919)

Tmax) 71 object interface component manufactures and transmits a "see event," (um, Tmax:) to communication mediation software component 73 '83 context-aware smart component updates the state of the object (UID) based on the input data and history 74 contextual awareness Smart component: Is the temperature Tmax within the limit? 75 ' 8 6 The context-aware smart component transmits a warning event (UID, Tmax) to the communication mediator component 76. The CMC arranges the route to the manufacturer and the shipper's erp application. 80 retailer's tag reader connected to the object interface component "sees" the tag on the pallet (UIDs) including the sensor tag (UID, Tmax, Thistory) 81 object interface component manufacturing and transmitting a "see event "(UID, Tmax Thistory) to communication mediation software component 84 Context-aware smart component calculates a new effective date for each box based on Tmax, Thisstory, and manufacturer rules. 8 5 Context-aware smart components: Is the box damaged? 87 Communication The mediation software component routes the alert to the human interface component. 8 8 Human interface sends a message to none The inventory manager 90 context-aware smart component manufactures and transmits a "write data event (UID, data)" to the communication command software component 140 1310919 92 object interface component writes such as "until when valid" and Tmax data to mark (UID) 103,3 620 Project Tracking System (ITS) 1 04 Object Interface Component (OIC) 1 1 2 External Application I 1 4 Market II 6 Other Situational Awareness and Instant Tracking System 1 2 0 Traffic Information Provider Creates a Included Feature "Introducing a virtual status event (UID)" and transferring it to the communication mediation software component 1 24 object interface component manufacturing and transmitting a "new virtual condition (UID) event" to the communication mediation software component 1 2 8 context-aware wisdom Component; "Is the event a type of "new virtual status event"? 1 3 0 Context-aware smart component creates a new virtual condition (UID) based on that particular material 1 3 2 Context-aware smart component stores a new virtual state Data 1 0 0 Item 152 mark (UID, data) 158 &gt; 1402, 4314 mark reader 1 60 mark writer 1 6 8 virtual item 170, 171 rule 1 74 application 141 1310919 5 0 0 mark recognition mark 1 2 02 receives characteristic information about a first item 1 204 receives characteristic information about a second item and context information 1206 uses the received information to maintain a first The second virtual item 1 20 8 receives the relationship information and maintains a virtual relationship 1 2 1 0 recognizes the warning condition regarding the first item 1 2 1 2 In order to respond to the warning condition, an updated special information is created to be written to the An item 1 2 1 4 detects that the first mark appears at a mark write location 1 2 16 causes the mark write to write update information to the first mark 1 302 to receive characteristics about a first item. Information, the characteristic The information is derived from a first tag reader that receives the updated profile data 1 3 0 6 about the first item from a tag data 1 3 04 automatically read by a first tag located in the first item. The mark write location detects the presence of the first mark 1 3 0 8 such that the mark writes the updated information to the first mark 1401 commercial system (eg enterprise resource planning) 1403, 4311, 4315, 4409 area Project Tracking System 14 04 &gt; 4401 &gt; 4409 shared project tracking system 1 4 0 5 network connection 1406 independent location 1407 14 07, 4407 existing and new application 1408 1 408 network connection to carry the inquiry to the ITS without changing 142 1310919 ITS Status 1 409 Additional Shared ITS System 1501 Instant Input and Processing 1 5 02 Data Structure and Permanent Storage 1 5 0 3 About the Interrogation Interface 1 5 0 4,1 5 0 5 Software-to-Software Communication 1 6 1 0 Core data structure without semantics 1 620 Permanent storage mechanism 1 63 0 basic infrastructure (stateless), instant semantic segment 1640 history and status query system 1710 object record 1. Object ID 2. Collection 3. Member 4 attribute 1810 detergent #341 , #576 1 820纸箱#3328 Shipping part #2287 1 830 truck #4421 Position latitude/longitude/height 1940 detergent #621 1950 Warehouse #4462”} latitude; 31N, longitude: 6 0 45, height 100 1960 Shelf #3348 1 970 Area #4462 2010 Network (Publish-Order) 2020 Permanent Storage Area 2 030 Core Location 2040 Storage Area 2050 Semantic Area 143 1310919 2 0 6 0 Network Infrastructure 2070伫歹丨J 2 11 0 Route Destruction 2120 border box 2 1 3 0 Start position 2 1 4 0 End position 2 1 5 0 Straight path 2 2 2 0 way point 2320 Transportation path 24 1 0 Estimated ratio of completed stroke 2420 Estimated current position 2510, 2512, 2514, 2516, 2518 Route part 2710, 2720 , 2910, 2920, 3010 World Model 3 110 Integration Engine 3 120 Smart Project 3 1 3 0 Advanced Application 3 3 1 0 Control Manager 3 3 2 0 Interrogator Agent 3330 Processing Agent 3340 Communication Agent 3400 Hardware Interface 3 4 1 0 server 3420 interrogator 144 1310919 3 5 Ο 0 electronic tag 3 5 1 0 item number ("ARTNR") 3 520 description of the item ("ARTDESC") 3 5 3 0 item price 3 6 1 0 monitoring System 3630 Early Alert Agent (EWA) '3 640 Inventory Planning Tool 3710 Event Router (ER) 3 720 Extended Object Naming Service (EONS) 4301 Producer 4302 Consumer 4303 Shipment 4304 Item a 4 3 0 6 Tag Reader System 4307 Container Marking 43 08 Item Marking 4309 Shipping Content Information 4 3 1 0 Communication Network 43 1 2, 43 1 3 External Enterprise Resource Planning System 4500, 4900, 5000, 5100 Method 45 1 0 Receive Multiple Identifications Each identification code uniquely identifies a related item 45 20 that classifies the identification code into one or more sets of identification codes 4 5 3 0 for each set of identification codes, recognizing the redundant portion of the code, the situation 145 1310919 for each group Coding is very common. 4 5 4 0Create a file containing one or more sets of identities. The code 4 5 5 0 organizes the file in a hierarchy and thus the redundant portion is listed once for each set of identification codes and Each identification code is listed with the redundant part omitted. 4 6 1 0 Header 4620 Electronic Product Code Administrator 4630 Object Type 4640 Serial Number 4701 Extra Part 4802 Prefix 4 9 1 0 Receives an identification code combined with multiple items, including independent The item and the container 4920 of the item are placed in a character string in each identification code, the identification code indicating that the item unique independent item or item container 4930 determines that the identification code corresponds to an independent item based on the selected character. The container 5010 establishes tracking information about one or more items, each item having one or more characteristics 5 0 2 0 for each feature using an explicit coding scheme to compile the tracking information 5030 transmits the tracking information to a recipient 5 040 determining which features the recipient is authorized to access 146 1310919 5 05 0 providing only a subset of the recipient's encoding scheme, including only that the recipient is authorized to access The encoding scheme 5 10 0 of the characteristic receives tracking information about the encoding of one or more items, each item having one or more characteristics, each encoding characteristic using only a clearing coding scheme 5 1 2 0 only receiving the encoding A subset of the scheme, which only includes a coding scheme for the characteristics that the recipient is authorized to access. 5 1 3 0 Decodes the characteristics that the recipient is authorized to access 5 2 1 0 Producer Extensibility Markup Language File 5215, 5260 code extensibility markup language file 5 22 0 producer file type definition file 522 5,5270 code file type definition file 5230 index table 5 240 network 5245 markup item 5265 consumer extensibility mark language file 5 275 consumption File Type Definition File 528 0 Distribution Index Table 53 10 Does the index table need to be updated? 5 3 2 0 Create coded extensibility markup language file and coded file type definition file 5330 build index table 147

Claims (1)

柯泠日修正本PPjs4-^^ X. Patent application scope: 1 · A method for context awareness and real-time project tracking, which includes at least the following steps: receiving multiple tags to read data, each time including self-attachment to a project a message read by the mark, the read information including a unique digital identification mark read from the mark, each time including a position containing the corresponding mark and status information of the attached item, once the unique number The time at which the identification mark is read from the mark, the characteristic data describing the characteristics of an article (artic 1 e), and the rule data defining the action to be activated, the multiple mark read data system including self-adhesive to multiple The information read by the item's tag; receives one or more contextual information, each time describing a related unmarkable entity status, the context information indicating a status that includes one of the statuses, a time, and a description of the situation The characteristic data of the feature and the rule data defining the action to be activated, the multiple context information as a whole includes a description of multiple Information of the status; using the received tag to read the data and the context information to maintain an entity data processing structure and a context data processing structure in a virtual world, the entity data processing structure including a data processing structure for each item, and The contextual data processing structure includes a data processing structure for each condition, the processing structure storing a characteristic data and rule data corresponding to the item or condition; the entity data processing structure and the context data processing structure pair 148 1310919 mapping to the time dimension, three-dimensional space, and unique identifier of the virtual world standardization, whereby the item and the unmarkable entity condition associated with the entity data processing structure and the context data processing structures are transparent Tracking each other in space and time; Detecting, according to the entity data processing structure and the mapping step, the location, the time and/or the characteristic data of the context data processing structures, detecting a data processing structure occurring in the virtual world in the virtual world and the The interaction between the contextual data processing structures; and the initiation of actions based on the interaction and the rules. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: whenever a detected interaction affects any item, a warning is issued to a user in the virtual world, wherein The user is a human or a computer program. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: maintaining a representation of the current location of each item in the virtual world (which is related to the entity data processing structure) and each condition (its A representation of the current location of the contextual data processing structure, each of which can individually reflect the most recently received marker reading data and contextual information. 0 149 1310919 4 as described in claim 1 The method further includes the following steps: locating the position and condition by latitude, longitude and altitude. 5 The method of claim 3, further comprising the steps of: maintaining a historical record of the location of the item and a historical record of the status of the maintenance status. 6. The method of claim 4, further comprising the step of: deriving a predicted value of a future location of at least one item from the virtual world based on a history of the item location. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising the step of: deriving the predicted value of the future location based on the historical record of the location location. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the unmarkable condition comprises a weather-related condition; and the location of the weather-related condition is described by at least one latitude, longitude and altitude. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the unmarkable condition comprises a traffic accident: and 150 1310919 the location of the traffic accident is described by at least one latitude, longitude and altitude. 1 0. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: receiving one or more hierarchical system information, each time being a description of a hierarchy between items represented by the virtual world; and using The received hierarchy information to maintain a context data processing structure in the virtual world, each context data processing structure representing a hierarchical system. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein: at least one hierarchical system representative A relationship between items in which certain items are contained within another item. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: receiving sensor information from a sensor associated with a first item; A first entity data processing structure of the first item is updated by the sensor information. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of receiving the contextual information comprises: receiving context information from an external system. 151 1310919 The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving the context information comprises: receiving context information, wherein the information comprises telemetry data taken from a sensor coupled to a particular location. 1 5 - The method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: receiving a telemetry data generated by a sensor, the sensor being associated with a specific point or region, Telemetry data represents a condition at a particular point or region; and when the virtual world detects that an item is located on or in the point or area represented in the virtual world, it may be represented by the telemetry data When the situation affects, a warning is generated to a user in the virtual world, wherein the user is a human or a computer program. 1 6. The method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: receiving temperature data generated by a temperature sensor associated with a particular point or region, and representing the virtual world a current temperature of the particular point or region in a contextual data processing structure; and as an item and current temperature are represented in the virtual world, when the virtual world detects that the item is above or in the point or region While being affected by the current temperature, a warning is generated to a user of the virtual world t, wherein the user is a human or a computer program. 152 1310919 1 7 The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: attaching a temperature exception to an entity data processing structure, and causing an action to occur when the temperature anomaly condition is met. The method of claim 17, wherein the action comprises: alerting a user that the user is a human or a computer program. 1 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: attaching a rule to an entity data processing structure operable to trigger an alert event or to trigger an action based on current information in the virtual world. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: attaching a rule to a context data processing structure operable to trigger an alert event or to initiate an action based on current information in the virtual world. 2 1. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: receiving, processing, and responding to an inquiry regarding a current or past state of an item in the virtual world. 2 2. The method of claim 21, further comprising the steps of: receiving, processing and responding to an inquiry about the status of the item, the item and the particular item being presented in the virtual world, now or in the past The states have a specific relationship with each other 153 1310919. 2 3. A method for updating information attached to one of the items to overwrite the mark, comprising at least the following steps: receiving, in a system, first characteristic information of a first item, wherein the first characteristic information is from Attached to the first item of the first item, the first characteristic data includes a first identification symbol identifying the first item; receiving a second characteristic information of the second item in a system, The second characteristic information is data automatically read from a second mark attached to one of the second items, the second characteristic data includes a second identification mark identifying the second item; receiving a sensor in the system Information, which is derived from a sensor coupled to the second item, such that the sensor information indicates at least one state present at the second item; receiving relationship information in the system, indicating a physical proximity relationship between the first item and the second item; maintaining a first physical object representing the first item in the system, the first physical object maintenance Information indicating the first characteristic information; maintaining a second physical object representing the second item in the system, the second physical object maintaining information representing the second characteristic information; protecting a situation object in the system Representing the relationship physically adjacent between the first item and the 154 1310919 item; based on the physical proximity between the first item and the second item represented in the situation object, Correlating the sensor information with the first physical object, the sensor information is from a sensor sensed by a sensor coupled to the second item, so the sensor information is determined to describe at least a state of being present at the first item; comparing the sensor information with the first characteristic information; determining, according to a comparison result of the sensor information and the first characteristic information, determining that a warning state exists in the The first item; generating, according to the warning situation determined by the decision, an attribute information to be written to the updated item of the first item; after the warning condition is determined to be present Detecting that the first mark appears in a mark writing area in a system; and when detecting that the first mark is located in the mark writing area, causing the mark writing area to write the mark Update the information to the first tag. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein: the alert condition is determined to be present in an application external to the system, the application receiving information from the system maintained by the system; The application generates an updated feature information and provides it to the system, and requests the updated feature information to be written into the first tag: and the system responds to the request, so that the tag write area writes the updated information to 155 1310919 The first mark. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein: the first and second physical objects represent items that are corresponding to and maintained by the system in a virtual world; and the application can monitor the virtual world . 26. The method of claim 23, wherein: the alerting condition is recognized by one of the components of the system based on one or more alerting rules provided to the system: based on one or more provided to the system An update rule to generate an update information by one of the elements of the system; and a rule that can be overwritten according to one or more data provided to the system causes the mark write area to write the update information to the first mark . 27. The method of claim 23, wherein the sensor is attached to the second indicia. The method of claim 23, wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein: the warning 156 1310919 is generated because the temperature measured by the sensor exceeds a threshold; and the update information is a shortened product for the first item Information on the expiration date. The method of claim 23, wherein the first flag is a radio frequency transponder. 3. The method of claim 23, wherein the first and second identification marks are globally unique identification marks. 32. A method for use in a business data processing environment, wherein the environment comprises a plurality of enterprises located in a supply chain, the method comprising at least the following steps: receiving a plurality of tags from a first enterprise to read data, each The second includes information read from a tag attached to an item, the read information including a unique tag identification mark automatically read from the tag, when the tag identification mark is read from the tag, Each time also includes status information including a position of the corresponding mark and an attached item thereof, the position including a longitude and a latitude, and the plurality of mark reading data read from the enterprise includes self-adhesive to the plurality of items Marking the information read; using the mark received from the first enterprise to read the data to maintain the configuration information of the items; receiving a second mark from the second enterprise to read the data, each time including self-adhesive One of the items marks the information read, which is the same as 157 1310919 or a different item from the first enterprise receiving the mark reading material. The captured information includes a unique mark recognition mark automatically read from the mark, and when the mark identification mark is read from the mark, each time including a position including the corresponding mark and status information of the attached item, The location includes a longitude and a latitude, and the plurality of tag reading data read from the enterprise as a whole includes information read from a tag attached to a plurality of items; reading using the tag received from the second enterprise Data to maintain configuration information of the project, wherein the tag reading data received from either enterprise for a particular item is used to update the configuration information; and the configuration information can be seen by multiple enterprises in the supply chain. Including the first and second companies. 33. The method of claim 32, further comprising the steps of: receiving a third mark reading data from a third enterprise, each time including information read from a mark attached to one of the items; The information read includes a unique mark identification mark read from the mark, and when the unique mark identification mark is read from the mark, each time including a position including the corresponding mark and an attached item thereof Status information, the multiple tag read data read from the enterprise contains the information read from the tag attached to multiple items: The tag is used to read the data received from the third enterprise to maintain the project 158 1310919 Configuration information, wherein the tag reading data received from either enterprise for a particular item is used to update the configuration information. 3. The method of claim 3, wherein: the tag attached to the plurality of items comprises radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, each tag carrying an electronic product code (ePC) as its tag Identify the token. The method of claim 3, wherein: the visibility of the configuration information is controlled visibility; and the method further comprises the steps of: receiving authorization information indicating that the supply chain should be The extent to which a particular enterprise can see the configuration information: and cause the particular enterprise to see only the configuration information allowed by the authorization information. 3 6. The method of claim 35, wherein: The configuration information includes a plurality of project characteristics; and the authorization information indicates which project characteristics are visible to the enterprise for at least one project characteristic. 3. The method of claim 32, wherein: the plurality of enterprises comprises a source enterprise and a destination enterprise: the source enterprise has a 159 1310919 order document for one of the orders issued by the enterprise for the purpose. And a shipping document relating to the delivery of a physical shipment to prepare for the order made by the enterprise of the purpose; the visibility includes visibility of the relationship between the marked reading material and the corporate document, the business document including the order document and the shipping document; Providing instant visibility of the enterprise project configuration, which further includes: receiving shipping information, including the following items; marking identification marks corresponding to the goods in the shipment; for the shipping documents, identifying each marking with a shipment The information combined with the number, and information about the shipping number with an order number in the order file: correlating the marked reading data with the shipping information; and making the association available to the destination company, thus The target company can use a label for one of the items in the shipment To confirm that the shipment identification symbol. 38. A method for contextual awareness and instant tracking of a project, comprising at least the steps of: receiving a set of rules indicating which information is provided to an external application; receiving from one or more tag readers comprises Item identification item project data, each item identification mark in the one-digit mark reading is attached to a physical item, the item identification mark can uniquely identify the item; receive additional item data from other sensor devices, the other Inductive 160 1310919 device is a different device than the tag reader, the additional project material is associated with one or more items identified by the tag reader; using the rule, project identification mark and additional project data to determine Providing a subset of the item identification mark and additional item data to the external application: and providing the external application with only a subset of the received item identification mark and additional item data; receiving the data from the external application , the information includes configuration resources for controlling the actuator device ; This configuration transforming data into a format compatible with that of the actuator device; and provide the converted configuration data to the means of the actuator. 3 9. The method of claim 3, wherein the decision is completed immediately and the information is provided immediately. 40. The method of claim 3, further comprising the steps of: summarizing a project identification mark and additional project data. 41. A computer product substantially stored on a computer readable recording medium for context aware and instant item tracking, the product comprising operational instructions for causing a programmable processor to perform the following steps: 161 1310919 receiving multiple mark reading data, each time including information read from a mark attached to one item, the read information includes a unique digital identification mark read from the mark, and one of the corresponding marks The position and the attached item, the time when the unique digit identification mark is read from the mark, the characteristic data, and the rule data, and the multiple mark read data system includes the mark attached to the plurality of items. Information received; one or more contextual information, each time a description related to the status of an unmarkable entity, the context information including a location, a time, characteristic data and rule data of the situation, the multiple context information The entire system includes information that describes multiple conditions; using the received tag to read data and contextual information to maintain a virtual world An entity data processing structure and a context data processing structure, the entity data processing structure including a data processing structure for each item, and the context data processing structure includes a data processing structure for each condition, the data processing structure is stored a characteristic data and rule data corresponding to the item or condition; detecting the interaction between the data processing structures occurring in the virtual world based on the location, the time, and/or the characteristic data; and based on the interaction and The rule data is activated. 42. A computer program product physically stored on a computer readable recording medium, wherein the information attached to the rewritable mark of an item is updated, the product comprising operable instructions for programmatic processing The device performs the following steps 162 1310919; receiving, in a system, a first characteristic information of a first item, wherein a characteristic information is information from a first label attached to one of the first items, the first characteristic data includes Identifying an identification mark of the first item; receiving, in the system, second characteristic information of a second item, wherein the second characteristic information is information from a second tag attached to one of the second items, the second characteristic The data includes an identification mark identifying the second item; receiving sensor information in the system, which is from a sensor sensed by a sensor combined with the two items, so that the sensor information is less than one in the second a state of the item; receiving, in the system, relationship information indicating a relationship between the first item and the entity on the object; maintaining the first in the system The first physical object of the project maintains information representing the first characteristic information; maintaining a second physical object representing the second item in the system to maintain information representative of the second characteristic information Maintaining a contextual object in the system, the entity representing the relationship between the first item and the second item; the first item being adjacent to the second entity represented by the context item a relationship, wherein the sensor information is associated with the first object, the sensor information is derived from a first to the first movable reading species, the second active reading species second to the first Representing the data sensed by a sensor of the second item, the item, the item and the second item 163 1310919 of the item, so the sensor information is determined to describe at least one existing at the first item a state of comparing the sensor information with the first characteristic information; determining, according to a comparison result between the sensor information and the first characteristic information, that a warning state exists at the first item Generating an updated feature information to be written to the first item in response to the determined alert condition; detecting the first tagging system in a system after the alert condition is determined to be present Appearing in a mark write area; and after detecting that the first mark is located in the mark write area, causing the mark write area to write the update information to the first mark there. 43. A computer program product stored substantially on a computer readable recording medium for use in a commercial data processing environment t, the environment comprising a plurality of businesses in a supply chain operable to The data processing device performs the following steps: providing instant visibility of the location of the project in the supply chain, which is achieved by the following steps: receiving multiple tags from a first enterprise to read data, each time including self-attachment to a project One of the marks reads the information, the read information includes a unique mark identification mark that is automatically read from the mark, and when the mark identification mark is read from the mark, each time including the corresponding Marked 164 1310919 a location and status information of its attached items, the location includes one-to-one latitude, the information read from the mark of the multiple-element read data of the whole system attached to the plurality of items; The first enterprise receives the tag to read the data to maintain the configuration information; the second enterprise receives the second tag to read the data, each self Information that is attached to a tag that is read by a tag that is different from the one that is read from the first enterprise and that reads the tag from the first enterprise, including a unique tag number that is automatically read from the tag. When the mark identification mark is read from the mark, each time a position including the corresponding mark and the status position of the attached item include a longitude and a latitude, the plurality of standard data read from the enterprise includes The configuration information read by the tag attached to the plurality of items and used by the second enterprise to retrieve the configuration information, wherein the tag reading data received from either enterprise is used to update the tag information. Configuring information; and enabling the configuration information to be included in the first and second businesses by a plurality of enterprises in the supply chain. 44. An electrical product substantially stored on a computer readable recording medium for transposing between a sensor device and a high level application, the product being operative to cause the data processing device to perform a set of rules by performing the following steps, The rule indicates which information is provided to an external longitude and includes the same or includes the self-protection. The identification also includes the message of the record; the protection of the item | see, the brain-package data transmission t Application 165 1310919 program; receiving, from one or more tag readers, project identification tag data, each item identification tag in a digital tag reading attached to a physical item, the item identification mark uniquely identifying the item; Receiving additional project data from other sensor devices that are different from the tag reader, the additional project or more related to the item identified by the tag reader; using the rule, project identification mark And a subset of the project identification marks and additional project materials provided by the additional project materials; and Providing information to the external application only for the received project identification mark and the additional project resource set; from the external application material, the data includes configuration data for controlling the actuator device to convert the configuration data into one Compatible with the actuator device and providing the converted configuration information to the actuator device. The project is based on one of the sensing materials and one to determine the sub-receipt for the external material;