TWI309515B - Feeder link configurations to support layererd modulation for digital signals - Google Patents

Description

1309515 TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to systems and methods for feeder links for digital signals, particularly those that use layered modulation. RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/421,328, the entire disclosure of which is assigned by Support Layered Modulation for Digital Signals, which is a part of a continuous application for a US patent application in the following application and co-transfer This application is incorporated herein by reference: Patent Application: Application No. 09/844,401, Application: April 27, 2001 'Applicant: Ernest C. Chen, Name: "Layered Modulation for Digital Signals (Digital) The layered modulation of the signal) ", the agent's file number: PD-200181 (109.51-US-01). This application is also related to the following application and the commonly assigned US patent application, the application is hereby incorporated by reference. Ways to incorporate this article: Patent Application: Application No. 10/305,490, Application: November 26, 2002 'Applicant: Patrick J. Loner' Name: "Systems and

Methods for Sharing Uplink Bandwidth Among Satellites in a Common Orbital Slot (System and Method for Inter-Satellite Uplink Bandwidth in Common Orbital Interpolation) Agent Profile Number: PD-201076. 88886>971107.doc - 6-1309515 [Prior Art] Digital signal communication systems have been used in a variety of different fields, including digital television signal transmission (terrestrial or satellite), due to the development of a variety of different digital signal communication systems and services, resulting in increased data throughput and additional The demand for services. However, when it is necessary to replace existing old hardware (such as transmitters and receivers), it is more difficult to implement old system improvements and new services, and new systems and services are more advantageous in the use of existing old hard materials. In the field of wireless communication, this principle is made clear by the limited availability of the electromagnetic spectrum. Therefore, it is not possible to transmit enhanced or additional data only at new frequencies on a monthly basis (or at least not practically). Traditional methods are moved to higher order modulation, such as from quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) to eight phase shift keying (8pSK) or ten Quadrature modulation 06QAM). Unfortunately, the QPSKM cannot demodulate the traditional 8ps = wqam signal. As the legacy users of the QpSK receiver continue to receive any signals transmitted using the 8PSKW6QAM modulation, their receivers must be upgraded. - Advantageously, the system and method of transmitting signals accommodates enhanced and increased data transmission without additional frequency. In addition, it is advantageous to enhance and increase the transmission of heavy signals to make the new receiver compatible with legacy receivers. more

The advantage is that the 'line and method allow the source to be upgraded with the old-style transmitted transmission signal. J, it has been proposed to use the layered modulation signal (the upper and lower signals are transmitted non-coherently) q. The layered modulation system allows a more southerly traffic volume with backwater compatibility. However, 'even if you want to retrospectively (such as making a new system, charge), because for a known throughput , the layer power modulation required 88886-971107.doc 1309515, a skin 'magnification state (travechuan ng wave tube amp)ifierTwta) peak power is significantly lower than the traditional 8PSK5iU6QAM modulation 所需 type required eight wave power, so the layer The modulating change is still advantageous. The layered modulation effectively uses the bandwidth by transmitting (4) and the satellite high-power A||on-down key to transmit the interfering digital carrier. However, if each is carried in the "self-frequency" The wide portion (ie, undisturbed) is transmitted to the satellite via a feeder key (ie, the 仃 link), and the required feeder link bandwidth is much larger than the required downlink bandwidth. Therefore, it is necessary to use Configured on the feeder link to support layered modulation The present invention satisfies such needs. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Four different techniques are disclosed in the present invention that can be utilized to support the use of layered modulation on a satellite downlink (see U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 9/844,401). The 'satellite communication band is almost always configured with a pair of substantially equal frequency f (-feed H link (ie uplink) bandwidth and system downlink frequency). For example, 'in-area' broadcast satellite service The (BSS) dimorphic 'feeder link is configured at 173 to 178 cafés, while the corresponding squat link is configured at 12 2 to 12 7 gHz. &quot; Layered fading by using saturated satellite high power amplifiers Efficiently use the bandwidth by transmitting the interfering digital carrier on the downlink library. If each carrier is uploaded to the satellite in the individual bandwidth part of the ginger (ie, no interference), the required link bandwidth of the feed will be far. More than the required downlink bandwidth. The present invention;: a system and method for a satellite feeder link that utilizes a feed link that has the same or less link bandwidth Bandwidth. 88g86-97H07.doc 13 〇9515 The satellite feeder hammer 跋μ ά uses the feeder link spot beam antenna on the keyway, makes the narrow feeder link after the day, and the good skin beam width I illuminates the individual satellites and uses the synchronous modulation. Various fields 裎+ &gt; Μ^% 0 bran is suggested as a mechanism for uploading the feed broadcast k to the satellite. M. In this case, not as in the several embodiments of the present invention, In a non-coherent embodiment of the invention, in one embodiment, a feeder link system includes a first connector, which uses a first A satellite _ _ _ C transponder) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ An upper layer signal of the layered modulation nickname - U y an integrated receiver 'decoder' (ird). The system includes a first: receiver that uses a second feeder link point L-beam antenna of a second satellite interrogator to receive a second feeder link signal. Transmitting the underlying signal of the layered modulated signal to the at least IRD. The first feeder link spot beam antenna is transmitted from a first coverage area, and the second feeder link spot beam antenna is transmitted from a second coverage area different from the first coverage area, and the second feed The link signal reuses the spectrum of the first feeder link signal. In a second embodiment of the present invention, a feeder link system includes a first multiplexer for receiving a first feeder link signal of a first satellite interrogator at a first satellite, the first satellite The interrogator is configured to transmit an upper layer signal of the layered modulated signal to at least one integrated receiver/decoder (IRD). The system further includes a second receiver for receiving a second feeder link signal of a second satellite interrogator on a second satellite, 2 = 88S86-97H07.doc -9- 1309515 = Star Query The device is configured to give one of the layered modulation signals to the at least one. The second feeder link signal reuses the frequency band of the 1st link signal and is separated from the first satellite and the second satellite. In the second embodiment of the present invention, the feeder link system includes a modulation receiver/demodulation transformer for receiving an upper feeder chain of seven A. The road signal and one: the chain demodulation changes. A first modulation transformer link signal branch state changes to the upper layer feeder link-layered modulation downlink number σ, to produce a tiger's upper layer k number to at least one whole person彳 Receiver/Decoder (then). _ The second modulator modulates the = signal to produce the layer of the 噌 馈 馈 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到 到The lower layer signal of the key signal is given to the fourth embodiment, and the feeder link system includes a receiver/demodulation transformer for receiving-feeder link (4), the feeder link The signal demodulation becomes a first-bit stream; and - the solution is multiplexed. To use the first bit stream to solve multiplexes. You are a sergeant, a slut and a squat. A first lower-order modulator converts an upper layer (four) of the first-order modulation signal by a value, "transforms into a layer decoding, adds at least one integrated receiver / B, and a second lower order The modulator cools the second bit into the layered modulation, and the IT SP 々丨L adjusts to the m second layer signal to be transmitted to the at least ―, the shell, the 'road k number Including a higher order modulation of the lower layer signal, 俾 (4) feeding the upper layer signal and sending the crying chain * * I # so that the feed signal is fed-to-link frequency π is not greater than the upper layer Signal path band. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; It should be understood that 'there is no departure from the scope of the invention, and other embodiments may be utilized and several configuration changes may be made. 1. Introduction The US application number just 44, 4G1 illustrates a technique for transmitting digital information using a plurality of non-coherent carriers occupying an RF band or overlapping portion T of a channel. This technique is most efficient in satellite transmission environments where each of the interfering carriers β passes through a separate-divided traveling wave tube amplifier (TWAT). It is usually possible to saturate the amplifier (depending on the type of modulation used by the carrier) (usually the most efficient use of such a satellite TWTA). It is known that a complex terrestrial receiver of the technique described in U.S. Application Serial No. 09/844, 4-1 can demodulate each of these carriers, wherein the spectrum of one carrier can be substantially or completely overlapped (4) for other carriers. Spectrum. The conventional technique of transmitting each carrier to its individual satellite TWTA is to carry each carrier in its own dedicated (non-interfering) feeder link bandwidth portion. However, because the layered modulation technique uses the interfering downlink carrier to gain considerable gain, the frequency of the downlink is less than the feeder chain. The amount of bandwidth required for the road. Renqi 4 is all set by the International Telecommunications Union's Wireless Communications Department (丨Tu_R), the bandwidth of the feeder key is set to be equal to the bandwidth of the lower link. . These carriers are uploaded to the satellite in the same amount of bandwidth used for the corresponding downlink without some scheme, 88886-971107 do&lt; •11- 1309515 The downlink configuration cannot be fully utilized. Several techniques described herein can be utilized to reduce the feeder link bandwidth requirements to such that the bandwidth requirements of the downlink are not exceeded. 2. Video Dispersion System Figure 1 shows a diagram of a single satellite video distribution system. The video distribution system 100 includes a control center 102 that communicates with an uplink center 104 via a ground or other link 114 and receives it with a subscriber via a public switched telephone network (PSTN) or other link 12 Taiwan 11 〇 communication. The control center 102 provides program material (e.g., video program 'audio programs and materials) to the uplink center 104 and coordinates with the user receiving station 11 to provide pay-per-view (PPV) program services, including video program charging and related Unlocked. The uplink center 104 receives program material and program control information from the control center 102, and transmits the program material and program control information via the feeder link signal 丨16 using an uplink antenna 1〇6 and a transmitter 〇5. To satellite 108. The satellite 1 8 receives and processes this information and transmits the video program and control information to the user receiving station 110 via the downlink signal 1 使用 8 using a transmitter or interrogator 107. The user receiving station 11 receives the information using the outdoor unit (i), which includes a user antenna and a low noise block converter (LDB). In one embodiment, the user receiving station antenna is a 18-inch, slightly elliptical Ku-band antenna, and the micro-elliptical system is offset by a 2.5-degree offset of the LNB (low-noise block converter). The line is used to receive signals reflected from the user antenna. Off-feeding places the LNB in an unobstructed position so that it does not obstruct any surface area of the antenna, minimizing the attenuation of incoming microwave signals. 88886-971107.doc -12- 1309515 In order to provide a wider range of terrestrial coverage, provide additional channels or provide additional bandwidth per channel, the video distribution system 1 may include a plurality of satellites 1 〇 8 in an implementation of the invention In the example, each satellite includes 16 interrogators for receiving and transmitting program material and other control resources from the uplink, (4) 4 and providing them to the user receiving station m. Using the shell material [shrinking and multiplexing technology with respect to channel capability, two satellites working together (10) can be received and broadcast on 15 (non-HDTV) video channels.

Although the invention disclosed herein will cite a satellite-based video distribution system, the invention can also be implemented by means of broadcast, cable television or other means using terrestrial-based program information transmission. In addition, different functions may be collectively configured between the control center 1〇2 and the uplink center 1〇4 as described above without departing from the scope to be set by the present invention. Although the program material delivered to the user 122 in the above related embodiments is video (and audio) program material (such as a movie), the above method can also be used to deliver program material including pure audio information or other materials. 2.1 Uplink Configuration Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a typical uplink configuration for a single satellite 108 interrogator. How to display a video program via Control Center 1〇2 and Uplink Center 1〇4 Material uploaded to satellite 1Q8. 2 shows three video channels (which can be expanded by one or more audio channels, respectively, for high fidelity music, sound track information, or sub-audio programs for transmitting foreign languages), - from the program table The data channel of System 2〇6 and the computer data information from a computer data source 208. 88886-9711〇7.do&lt;-13- 1309515 The typical video channel is composed of video seal anvil α +λ.

Similar to the compression scheme, but such compression is not necessary, but it can also be implemented by an encoder (not shown) attached to a computer program (not shown) or by a computer source (for example, a photo). The data is usually compressed into a .TIF file or a *.jpg slot before transmission. After being encoded by the encoder 202, the signals are converted into data packets by a packetizer 2〇4A_2〇4F (hereinafter collectively referred to as the packetizer 204) associated with each source 200. The data packet is parsed using a reference from the system clock 214 (SCR) and from the conditional access manager 21〇, and the conditional access manager 21 provides the service channel identification SCID to the packetizer for generating the data packet. Use, then multiply the data into a sequence of data and transmit it. 2.2 Broadcast Data Stream Format and Agreement Figure 3A shows a representative data stream. The first packet 3〇2 includes information from video channel 1 (e.g., data from the first video source 2〇〇a). Next - Packet 304 includes computer data obtained from computer data source 2〇8. The next packet 306 includes the funds Dfl from the video channel 5 (from the video program source 2 - 88886-971107.doc -14 - 1309515). The lower-packet 308 includes information such as that provided by the program listing subsystem 2〇6 under the program listing information. The null value packet 31 () generated by the null value encapsulation module 212 as shown in FIG. 3A can be inserted into the data as needed. The stream is followed by further data packets 312, 3i4 from the immediate source 200. = Refer back to Figure 2 'Therefore the data stream includes sequences from any one of the sources (eg, source 200, program table subsystem 2〇6, computer data source's) determined by controller 216. The data stream is encrypted The module 218 is encrypted, modulated by the modulator 220 (usually using a QpsK modulation scheme) and provided to the transmit benefit! 〇5 (which passes the modulated data stream through the antenna 1 〇6 to a frequency bandwidth Broadcast to the satellite) Receiver_ Receives these signals at the receiving station 110 and causes (4) to translate the packets to reproduce the program material of each channel.

FIG. 3B illustrates a f-package. Each data packet (e.g., 302-3丨6) is 147 bytes in length and includes a plurality of packet segments. The first packet segment 320 includes two bytes of packets, which include SCIDs and flags. The SdD is a 2-digit 々 temple; t value ' uniquely identifies the data channel of the data packet. These flags include 4 bits' to control other features. The second packet section 322 is composed of a -4 bit packet type indication item and a -4 bit continuous counter. The packet type usually identifies the packet as four data types (video, audio, data, or null). The _ID merges the day and the packet type determines how the data packet will be used. The continuous counter accumulates for each packet type and SCID. The next packet section 324 includes 127 bytes of payload data, in the case of a packet move or slap, representing a portion of the video program provided by the video program source. The last packet section is executed by the forward error school 88886-97ll〇7.d〇c •15· 1309515. 4 depicts a block diagram of an embodiment of a non-modulator 220 that includes a forward error correction (FEC) encoder 404 that accepts a first signal symbol 402 and adds a transmission error to reduce transmission errors. Redundant information. The encoded symbol 405 is modulated by the modulator 406 based on the first carrier 4〇8 to produce an upper modulation k number 410, and the second symbol 420 is also provided to the selected second FEC encoding w 422 to produce an encoded Second symbol 422. The encoded second symbol 422 is provided to a second modulator 414 that is modulated by the encoded second signal in accordance with the second carrier 416 to produce a lower layer modulated signal 418. The resulting signal is then transmitted by one or more of the transmitters 420, 422. Thus, the upper modulated signal is not cross-correlated with the underlying modulated signal 418, and the frequency range used to transport the layers can substantially or completely overlap the spectrum used to transmit the other layers. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the spectral force % of the upper layer signal 41 可 can be overlapped with the spectral force - force 434 of the lower layer signal 418 in the band /2 - 436. However, the upper layer must be a signal having a larger amplitude than the lower layer signal 418 to maintain the map: and the signal communication constellation shown in FIG. The modulator can also be fine-tuned using pulse-forming techniques (represented by Pulse State 43〇) to account for the limited channel bandwidth, although Figure * illustrates the application of the same pulse shape to the two layers of the state, but can also be in different pulse shapes. It is possible that the more efficient way is to retrofit existing systems by using separate satellites, and to use the existing downlinks as the lower-level downlink signals instead of Replace the old satellite with the satellite that is to be transmitted with two downlink broadcasts. The layered downlink is implemented. The focus can be placed on adapting the downlink legacy signals. 88886-97IJ07.doc -16 - 1309515 2_3 Integrated Receiver/Decoder Figure 5 shows a block diagram of an integrated receiver/decoder (IR D) 500 (hereinafter also referred to as receiver 500) The device 5A includes a tuner/demodulation transformer 5〇4' that is coupled to the ODU 112 having one or more low noise blocks (bit lines). The LNB 502 converts the 12 2 to 12 7 G from the satellite 1 〇 8 along the 仃 link # 118 to the 950 _ 145 MHz signal required for, for example, the IRD 5 调谐 tuner/demodulator 5 〇 4 . In general, lnb5〇2 can provide dual output or single output. The single output LNB 5〇2 has only an RF connector, while the dual output LNB 5 02 has two rf output connectors and can be used to feed a second modulator 5G4, a second receiver, or some other Formal distribution system. The tuner/demodulator 504 isolates a single digit-modulated 24 MHz responder signal and converts the modulated data into a digital data stream, and then supplies the digital data stream to a forward error correction (FEC) encoder 506. This allows the IRD 5 to re-interpret the data transmitted by the uplink center 104 (which applies the error correction application to the desired signal before transmitting to the user receiving station ιι) to verify receipt of the correct data signal. And correcting the error (if any, the wrong data can be fed from the fec decoder module 506 to the transmission module 5〇8 via an 8-bit parallel interface. The transmission module 508 is executed by the IRD 500. A plurality of data processing functions. The transfer module 508 processes the data received from the FEC decoder module 5〇6 and provides the processed data to the video MPEG decoder 514 and the audio MpEG decoder 517. In an implementation of the present invention In the example, the transmission module processing, the video MpEG decoder 514, and the audio MPEG decoder 517 are all implemented on the integrated circuit. The 88886-971107, doc -17-1309515 design also improves space and power efficiency, and increases the number of transmissions. The Queen of the Power Month b is executed in the module 5〇8. The transmission module 508 also provides a channel for communication between the microcontroller 510 and the video MPEG decoder 514 and the audio MpEG decoder 517. Detailed description, transmission module Working with the Conditional Access Module (CAM) 512 to determine whether the user is allowed to receive access to certain program material, the data from the transmission module 508 is also supplied to the external communication module 526. ' ' CAM 512 The encrypted signal from the transmission module is decoded in conjunction with other component execution functions. CAM 512 is also used to track and service such services. In one embodiment of the invention, CAM 512 is a removable smart card. , having a plurality of contact points to interact with a plurality of contact points in the IRD 5〇〇 for communicating information. To perform the processing performed in CAM 512, 5〇〇 (specifically, the transmission module 508) will A clock signal is provided to cam5i 2. The video data is processed by MPEG video decoder 514. 视ρΕ(} video decoder 5 14 decodes the video data using video random access memory (RA Μ) 5 3 6 and It is transmitted to an encoder or video processor 516, which converts the digital video received from the video MPEG module 514 into a round-out signal that can be used by a display or other output device. For example, the processor 516 can Including the _ International Television Standards Committee (ntsc) or the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) code h in the present invention - in the embodiment, both s_2 and general video (NTSC or ATSC) signals are provided. Other outputs may also be used, if processed High definition programming is also advantageous. The audio material is also decoded by the MPEG audio decoder 517. The decoded audio data can then be transmitted to a digital to analog Φ/Α converter 518. 88886-971107.doc -18- 1309515 In an embodiment of the invention, the d/a converter 518 is a dual D/A converter, and each of the right channel and the left channel uses a D/A converter. Additional channels can be added for use in surround sound processing or sub-audio programs (SAP) if needed. In an embodiment of the invention, the dual D/A converter 518 itself separates the right channel information and the left channel information (and any additional channel information); it can support other audio formats, such as, for example, multi-channel Other audio formats such as D〇LBY mGITAL AC_3 (Dolby Digital AC-3). For a description of the processing performed in the video stream encoding and decoding (especially related to MPEG and JPEG encoding/decoding), see Michael R〇bin and Micheli φ Poulin's Digital Television Fundamentals. Chapter 8 (McGraw-Hill, 1998), which is incorporated herein by reference. Microcontroller 510 receives and processes command signals from an remote control 524'-IRD 5" keyboard interface, and/or another input device. The microcontroller receives commands 'for performing its operations from a processor program memory that permanently stores such instructions for executing such commands. The processor program memory can include a read only memory (R〇M) 538, an electrical EEPROM eraseable programmable read only memory (EEPr〇M) 522, or a similar memory device 'microcontroller. 510 also controls other digital devices of the IRD 500 through the address and data lines (referred to as &quot;A" and &quot;D&quot; in Figure 5.) The data machine 540 is connected to the customer's telephone line through the PSTN 120. The data machine is available. To call the program provider and to transmit customer purchase information 'and/or other information for billing purposes. The data machine 540 is controlled by the microprocessor 510. The data machine 540 can output data to other 1/0 type It includes 88886-971107.doc -19- 1309515 standard side-by-side and serial computer I/O埠. The present invention also includes - too p Ait + trcr for storing autobiography to 'such as video storage device 532, in the transmission mode The video and/or audio storage device 532 of the group 508 can be a hard disk drive, a video memory device, a continuous/rewritable DVD disc, and any other suitable object. In an embodiment of the invention: : Storage: 532 Series has special parallel read/write capability When I use the video to store the 罟 罟 a a a a , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , You can also use it to manage the storage settings. The video storage device is 532撷/枓. The video storage processor can also include the heart buffer data transmission and outgoing video storage. The memory of the device 532. Alternatively or in combination with the above-mentioned interface, a plurality of video storage devices 532 can be used. Alternatively, the above-mentioned combination of the microcontroller 510 can also be performed in the video storage device (3) and/or Or the operations required for video and other information. The input of the processing module 516 can be directly supplied as a video output to a viewing device (such as a video or computer monitor). In addition, video and/or audio can be rotated. Supply to the RF modulator 534' to generate an RF round-trip and/or 8 residual sideband (VSB) for the TV transmitter input signal, which allows the receiver 5 to operate with a television without video output f star 1 call includes a query The device 'receives program information from the uplink center _ 1 and relays the information to the user receiving station ιι 〇. Using the multiplexed technology, multiple channels can be provided to the user. Such multiplex technologies include, for example, A variety of different techniques, his time domain multi-guard technology and polarization multi-88886-97H〇7.d〇{ -20- 1309515 In one embodiment of the invention, a single interrogator operation operating in a single frequency band is used A plurality of channels identified by the individual service channel identification (SCID). D 5 preferably receives a program list and stores it in the 5 memory available to the microcontroller 51. Typically, the program listing is received in one or more of the data blocks I in the data stream from satellite 108. The program listing can be accessed and searched by a number of suitable operational steps implemented by the microcontroller 510 and stored in the processor OM 538. The program list may include information for mapping the viewer channel number to the health answerer and service channel identification (SCID), and also provides the τν program β list information to the user 122 to identify the program event. The function implemented in the IRD 500 shown in FIG. 5 can be implemented by one or more hardware modules 'for defining a π or a plurality of software modules or a combination of the two executed by a processor. The invention provides signal modulation at different power levels and advantageously provides signals from incoherent layers. In addition, independent modulation of the signals can be performed, flat horses achieve backwards compatibility with legacy receivers such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) receivers, and new services are provided to new receivers. As will be described in more detail below, the present invention - a typical new receiver uses two demodulators and a remodulator. In a typical backwater compatible embodiment of the present invention, the legacy QPSK signal power is boosted to a higher transmit (or receive) level. Older receivers will not be able to distinguish between new lower layer signals and additive white Gaussian noise, so in the usual way (4). The best choice of layer power levels is based on the new rounds and services that are available for the δ and the expected. The new lower layer signal has enough oil to pump $^ to the heart and to the hot noise ratio to function properly. 88886-97n07.doc -21 - 1309515 The new lower layer signal and the raised old signal are not related to each other. Therefore, new underlying signals can be implemented from different TWTAs and even from different satellites. The lower layer signal format is also independent of the old format, which may be, for example, a conventional serial concatenated FEc code or QPSK or 8PSK using a new Turbo code. This lower layer signal can even be an analog signal. The combined layered signal is demodulated and decoded by first layer demodulation to remove the upper layer carrier. The stabilized layered signal can then have an FEC decoded upper layer and an output upper layer symbol that is conveyed to the upper layer. The upper layer symbols are also used in the remodulator to produce an idealized upper layer signal. The idealized upper layer signal is then subtracted from the stabilized layered signal to reveal the underlying signal. The lower layer signal is then demodulated and FEC decoded and passed to the lower layer transmission. The signals, systems, and methods of the present invention can be used to supplement existing transmissions that are compatible with legacy receiving hardware in backtracking compatible applications, or as part of a pre-planned layered modulation scheme that is used to provide a current or future Or multiple additional layers. 2·4 Layered Signals Figures 6A-6C illustrate the basic relationship of signal layers in a received layered modulated transmission. Figure 6A shows a first layer of signal communication constellation 6A of the transmitted signal, which depicts a number of signal points or symbols 602. Figure (10) shows the underlying signal communication constellation symbol 6〇4 above the upper layer signal communication constellation S6〇〇, where the layers are coherent (or synchronized). Figure 6C illustrates a second transport layer under layer signal 606' on the upper communication constellation where the layers are non-coherent. Due to the relative modulation frequency of the two layers in the non-coherent transmission, the lower layer 606 rotates around the upper communication constellation 6〇2 7 88886-971107.doc -22- 1309515 due to the first layer modulation frequency as indicated by path 608, Therefore, both the upper layer and the lower layer rotate around the origin. Figures 7A-7C illustrate the incoherent relationship between the lower transport layers on the upper transport layer after the upper layer demodulation. Figure 7A illustrates the communication constellation 700' prior to the first carrier recovery loop (CRL) of the upper layer with the communication constellation ring 7〇2 rotated about the large radius circle indicated by the dashed line. Figure 7B illustrates the communication constellation 7〇4 after the CRL, in which the communication constellation ring 702 is rotated. . The communication constellation ring 7〇2 is wound around the lower layer signal point of the upper node 602. Figure 7C shows the phase distribution of the received signal with respect to the node 6〇2. The relative modulation frequency of the non-coherent upper layer signal and the lower layer signal causes the lower layer communication constellation to rotate about the node 6〇2 of the upper layer communication constellation to form a loop 7〇2. After the lower CRL, this rotation is excluded and the underlying nodes appear (as shown in Figure )). The radius of the lower communication constellation ring 702 is indicative of the underlying power level. The thickness of the ring 702 is indicative of the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the lower layer. Since the two layers are non-coherent, the lower layer can be used to transmit different digital or analog signals.

Figure 8A illustrates a system for transmitting and receiving layered modulated signals. Separate queries for any suitable platform, such as satellites, deletions, etc.: Jobs, deletions (which include the TWTA to amplify the signals) are used to non-transport the different layers of the signal of the present invention. One or more feeder link signals ιΐ6: or multiple uplink centers 1〇4 are typically transmitted to each satellite i〇8a, through the antenna 106, using or more than the transmitter (10)! Hey. This is a description of the special feeder link architecture used in the layered modulation system. ^^范何星答答器1〇7, used on a satellite (10) 88886i97n〇7.rfoc -23- 1309515 Receive and transmit layered modulation signals. The feeder link signal 丨丨6 is relayed by the satellite 1 〇 8 and passed through a wheel multiplexer (IMUX) 814. Subsequently, the signal is amplified by one or more traveling wave tube amplifiers (TWTA) 816 and then passed through an output amplification OMUX 8 1 8 before the downlink signal 118 is transmitted to the receivers 8 2, 500. As is known in the art, the TWTA 8 1 6 block can be a plurality of TWTAs in a power combiner, especially in the upper layer signal. Several embodiments of the present invention are related to the specific architecture of the feeder link and satellite interrogator 7 (described in Section 5 of the following article). Receiving layered signals 808A, 808B (e.g., multiple downlink signals 118) at receive antennas 812A, 812B (such as satellite dishes, etc.), each receiver antenna having a low noise block (LNB) 810A, 81A B, where they are coupled to an integrated receiver/decoder (IRD) 500, 802. For example, the first satellite 1 8A and the responder 107A can transmit an upper layer old signal 8 〇 8A, and the second satellite 108B and the acknowledgment ι 〇 7 Β can transmit the lower layer signal 8 〇 8B. Although the two signals 808A, 808B reach the respective antennas 812A, 812B &amp; LNB 81A, 81〇b, only the layer modulated IRD 802 can decode the two signals 808A, 8〇8B; the old receiver 500 can only be used in the upper layer. The signal 8〇8 is decoded; the lower layer signal 8 对 seems to be only noise for the old receiver 500. Since the signal layers can be transmitted non-coherently, separate transport layers can be added at any time using different satellites, 1 〇 8 Α, 1 〇 8 Β or other suitable platforms (such as terrestrial or high altitude platforms, etc.). Therefore, any composite signal (including the new extra signal layer) will be compatible with the old receiver 5〇〇 traceback that ignores the new signal layer. To ensure that these signals are undisturbed, the special receiver antennas 812Α, 8ΐ2β, the combined signal and noise level for the lower layer must be (or below) allowed for the upper layer of 88886-97U07.doc -24-1309515. The lower limit of noise. Layered modulation applications include back-tracking compatible and non-backtracking compatible applications. In this sense, "backtracking content" describes a system that does not obviate the old receivers without additional signal layers. Instead, even if the legacy receiver 500 is unable to decode the additional signal layer, it can still receive the layered modulated signal and decode the original signal layer. In these applications, the architecture of the additional signal layer is adapted to the existing system architecture. "Non-backtracking compatibility" describes a system architecture that utilizes layered modulation, but the modulation scheme used causes existing devices to not receive (several) additional signal layers and decode them. Existing legacy IRD 500 only decodes and receives decoding from the design it is designed to receive without being affected by additional layers. However, as explained below, old signals can be modified to best implement the new layer. The present invention is applicable to existing direct satellite services broadcast to individual users to implement additional features and services with new receivers without adversely affecting legacy receivers without the need for additional signal bandwidth. 2.5 Demodulation Transducer and Decoder 3 9 shows a block diagram of an enhanced ird 802 embodiment, the enhanced ird 8〇2 can receive a layered modulation signal. The IRD includes many components similar to the components of the old ird 5〇〇 in Figure 5. However, the enhanced IRD 802 includes a feedback path 902 in which the FEC decoded symbols are fed back to the enhanced modified tuner/demodulation metamorphosis 904 and the flywheel module 9〇8, and the two signal layers are decoded, such as Detailed. Fig. 10A is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the enhanced tuner/demodulation transformer 9〇4 and the FEC decoder 5〇6. The graph describes the reception, where a layer subtraction is performed on one of the signals on the upper carrier of the demodulated variable 88886-97II07.doc • 25· 1309515. The upper layer of the received combination L number 1016 from LNB 5 〇 2 (which may include the old modulation format) is supplied to the upper layer demodulation 蝥 1004 and processed by the upper layer demodulation transformer to generate a solution of - bismuthization The modulation signal is 丨〇2〇. The demodulated variable signal 丨〇2〇 is communicatively coupled to the FEC decoder 1〇02' FEC decoder 1〇〇2 to decode the upper layer to generate upper layer symbols, which are output to an upper layer transmission module 9〇8 . The upper layers (4) are also used to produce an idealized upper layer signal. In a typical decoding operation well known to those skilled in the art, after vherbi decoding (BER is less than about 10), or Reed-Solomon (RS) decoding (BER is less than about 10.9), it can be generated from decoder 1002. The upper layer symbols. The upper layer symbols are provided from the upper decoder 1〇〇2 to the re-encoder/remodulator 1006 via the feedback path 902, which can efficiently generate an idealized upper layer signal, which is subtracted from the demodulated upper layer signal 1020. The idealized upper layer signal. In order for this to be subtracted to produce a suitable underlying signal, the upper layer signal must be accurately reproduced. The modulated signal may be distorted, for example due to traveling wave tube amplification (TWTA) nonlinear distortion in the transmission channel, or other non-linear or linear distortion. The distortion effect is estimated by the received signal after the fact occurs, or estimated by the TWTA characteristic, and the TWTA characteristic can be downloaded to the IRD 'AM-AM and/or AM-PM mapping in the AM-AM and/or AM-PM mapping 1014. 1〇14 is used to use the nonlinear distortion mapping module 1 〇18 to eliminate distortion. A subtractor 1012 then subtracts the idealized upper layer signal from the stabilized demodulated signal 1 〇 2 , leaving the lower power second layer signal. The subtractor 1 012 may include a buffer or delay function to maintain the stabilized demodulated signal 1 〇 2 在 while constructing the ideal upper layer k. According to the 88886-971107.doc 26· 1309515 #号 format 'the second layer signal is demodulated by the lower order demodulator, and FEC decoding is performed by the decoder 1008 to generate the lower layer symbols, the lower layers The symbol is provided to the transmission module 9〇8. Figure 10B illustrates another embodiment in which layer subtraction is performed on the received layered signal, in which case the upper demodulation generator generates the upper carrier signal 1022 (and the stabilized demodulated signal output 1)上2〇), an upper carrier signal 1022 is provided to the re-encoder/remodulator_. The re-encoder/remodulator 1006 provides the re-encoded and re-modulated signal to a nonlinear distortion mapper 1018 that efficiently produces an idealized upper layer signal. Unlike the illustrated embodiment, in this embodiment, the idealized upper layer signal includes an upper layer carrier for subtraction from the received combined signal 808A, 808B. Other equivalent layer subtraction methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not limited to the examples provided herein. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention is not limited to two layers and may include several additional layers. The idealized upper layer is produced by remodulating from its individual layer symbols and is subtracted. The subtraction may be performed on the received combined signal or the demodulated converted signal. Finally, all signal layers are not necessarily digitally transmitted; the lowest layer can be analogous. The following analysis illustrates an exemplary two-layer demodulation and decoding. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the additional layer can also be demodulated and decoded in a similar manner and the signal is represented as: (b exp(yey (4) +/{^exp^+^)£e^-mr+Arjj +n(〇Μ&quot; is the magnitude of the upper QPSK signal' and this is the value of the lower layer signal 88886-971107.doc •27·1309515, and &lt;Mi. The signal frequency and phase for the upper layer signal and the lower layer signal respectively For the U, "and ~, heart. The symbol k-order misalignment between the upper and lower layers is △. Chong-(4) represents the inter-day offset version of the pulse-formed chopper corpse (1) 414 used in signal modulation. QPSK #号^和^系jexpO-γ), λ = 0,1,2,31. The elements; /[;(.) and /£( ·) represent the distortion function of TWTA for individual signals. Ignore /t /( · ) Λ(.) and noise „(〇, the following represents the removal of the demodulation transformer 1004 to the FEC decoder 1002 after removing the carrier: 〇(0 = Μν Σ^υηρ(ί-mT) + ML exp{/(〇, £ + -mT + Mm) Because of the difference in magnitude between ^^; and &amp;, the upper decoder 4〇2 ignores the exponent of (7). In the subtractor 1012, it will be ππ(1) After subtracting the upper layer, leave the following: C0 ~ (0 = ML Χχρ[/(ω£ - Oy )r + - ^} Σ S^p^t ^mT + ATj jw»^e Estimate any distortion effects such as TWTA nonlinear effects for signal subtraction. In an exemplary embodiment, the upper layer frequency and the upper layer frequency are substantially equal. A significant improvement in system efficiency can be obtained by using frequency offsets between the layers. With the present invention, two layers of backtrack compatible modulation with QPSK are used by Adding about 6.2 dB of TWTA over an existing TWTA power can double the current 6/7 ratio capacity. New QPSK signals can be transmitted from a separate transmitter (eg, a different satellite). A linear traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA) similar to 16QAM is used. In addition, no phase error reimbursement imposes 88886-97lJ07.doc -28-1309515 on higher order modulation such as 8PSK and 16QAM. The power level of the variable layer can be used in a layered modulation system to construct a relationship between individual modulation layers to facilitate backtracking compatible applications. Alternatively, a new layer structure can be designed to optimize the combined efficiency of the layered modulation system and/or Or performance. 3.1 Backtracking compatibility application Figure 11A depicts this The relative power level of the exemplary embodiment is 1100, and the rainy day effect is not considered. The adaptation to the rainy day weakening effect is derived from the inclusion of the sunny margin in the calculated transmission power level and is handled in the following sections. Figure 11 Α φ Draw proportionally. This embodiment increases the existing ratio 6/7 capacity by using a TWTA that is 6.2 dB higher than the existing (old-style) but with a second TWTA lower than the existing (old) TWTA. This embodiment uses an incoherent upper qPSK layer and a lower qPSK layer. Both layers use a 6/7 FEC code rate. In this embodiment, the legacy QPSK signal 1102 signal is used to generate the upper layer 1104' and new The QpSK layer is the lower layer mo. The threshold CNR of the old qPSK signal 1102 (ie, the carrier-to-noise ratio required to achieve acceptable performance) is about 7 dB. The threshold CNR of the new lower QpSκ layer 111 is about 5 · dB ° in the present invention. In the middle, the QPSK layer transmission power level is set first, so that the receiving lower layer power is 5 dB, which is higher than the reference thermal noise lower limit 丨丨〇 8. For the old QPSK signal of the upper layer, the thermal noise and the lower layer signal are both It is noise, and when setting the upper layer transmission power level, the combined noise power must be taken into consideration. The combined power of these two noise sources is 6.2 dB, which is higher than the reference thermal noise lower limit of 11 08. The power of the old qpsk signal Must be raised by about 6.2 dB, and the old signal The rate level is such that the new power level of the upper layer 11〇4 is 88886-971107.doc -29· 1309515 about 2 dB. In this way, the combined lower layer signal power and thermal noise power are maintained at or below The allowable noise floor of the upper layer is ιι〇6. In this month, it should be noted that the invention may also be extended to multiple layers with mixed modulation, coding and code rate. In an alternative embodiment of this backtracking compatible application, The 2/3 FEC code rate can be used for both the upper layer 1104 and the lower layer 111G. In this case, the CNR of the f sQpsK signal 1 叱 (with 2/3 FEC code rate) is about 58. The old signal ii 〇 2 is approximated. ^3 dB is increased to approximately u"dB (compared to the old signal with a 2/3 rate) high to form the upper (^8 layer 11〇4. The new lower QpsK layer ιιι 〇 has approximately 3.8 dB CNR. The total signal and noise of the lower layer m〇 is maintained at (or below) about 5.3 dB (the allowable noise floor of the upper QPSK layer is 11〇6). In this case, the overall capacity is the old signal 1102! In another embodiment of the backtracking compatible application of the present invention, the code rate between the upper layer (10) and the lower layer 1110 can be mixed. For example, the old QP can be used. The SK signal 502 is increased from about 5-3 dB to about 12.3 dB (the FEC code rate remains unchanged at 6/7) to produce the upper QPSK layer 1104. The new lower qPSK layer 111 can use a 2/3 FEC code rate, Approximately 3_8dB of the threshold CNR. In this case, the total capacity is 1.7 8 times the total capacity of the old type 彳§11 0 2. 3.2 Non-backtracking compatible applications As described above, the present invention can also be used for &quot;non-backtracking Compatible &quot;application. In the first exemplary embodiment, 'two QPSK layers 丨丨〇4, 1110 each at a 2/3 code rate are used, and the upper QPSK layer 1104 has a CNR about 41 dB higher than the noise lower limit 11〇6, and the lower QPSK Layer 1110 also has a c:NR of about 41 dB. The total code and noise level of the upper Qpsκ layer 1110 is about 55 (18. for the top 1) 8 &amp; the signal 11〇4 88886-971l07.doc -30 - 1309515 has a total CNR of about 9.4 dB, only Higher than the old QpsK signal ratio of 6/7 up to 2 4 dB. This capacity is approximately 丨74 compared to the old ratio of 6/7. Figure 1B depicts the relative power level of an alternate embodiment in which the upper layer [10] and the lower layer 1110 are both lower than the old signal level 1102. Both of the two layers 1104 111 丨 use a code rate of 丨/2. In this example, the upper layer 11 is about 2 高 higher than the noise lower limit 11 〇 6 of dB. The lower jaw has a CNR of approximately 2.0 dB in the ruler and has a total code and noise level at (or below) 41 dB. The capacity of this embodiment is about 131 compared to the old ratio of 6/7. 4. Hardware Environment Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary computer system 12 that can be used to implement the selection modules and/or functions of the present invention. The computer 12〇2 includes a processor 12〇4 and a memory 1206 (such as random access memory (RAM)). The computer 12 〇 2 is operatively coupled to a display unit 1222 which presents an image such as a window to the user on the graphical user interface. The computer 12〇2 can be coupled to other devices, such as a keyboard 1214, a mouse device, a printer, and the like. Those skilled in the art will of course appreciate that any combination of the above components or any number of different components, peripherals and other devices can be used with the computer 1202. Throughout the system, the computer 1202 operates under the control of the operating system stored in the memory 12〇6, and interfaces with the user to accept input and commands, and through the graphical user interface (GUI) module 1218A to present the results. Although the GUI module 1218A is depicted as a separate module, the finger 7 for performing the 〇1;1 function can be resident or dispersed in the operating system 丨2〇8, the computer program 12丨〇, or use a special purpose δ The memory and the processor are implemented. The computer 1 also implements a flattened state 1212, which allows an application 121 to be written in a programming language (such as 8S886-971I07.doc 1309515 in his language, and then translation] 'application 1210 using COBOL, C++, FORTRAN, etc. Or it is a processor readable code. After completion, the relationship and logic generated by the compiler 1212 will store the data stored in the memory that the computer accesses and manipulates. The computer 12 〇 2 also includes an external communication device such as a data modem, satellite link, Ethernet card, or other device for communicating with other computers as needed. In one embodiment, the instructions for m (4), system (10), computer program i2i, and compiler 1212 are tangibly embodied in a computer readable medium, such as data storage device 122, which may include - or a plurality of fixed or Removable data storage device, such as zip disk drive, floppy disk drive 1224, hard disk drive, CD-ROM drive, tape drive, and the like. In addition, the operating system 12〇8 and the computer program 1210 include a plurality of instructions that, when read and executed by the computer 12〇2, cause the computer 1202 to perform several steps required to implement and/or use the present invention; the computer program 1210 And/or operational instructions may also be tangibly embodied in memory 丨2〇6 and/or data communication device 1230, thereby making a computer program product or article of manufacture in accordance with the present invention. As such, the terms "manufacturing items", "program storage devices," and "computer program products" are used herein to encompass computer programs that can be accessed from any computer-readable device or media. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications can be made to this configuration without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, those skilled in the art will be aware of the above-described components, or any number of different components, peripherals, and other devices. Combinations can be used in conjunction with the present invention. 5 • Feeder Link Architecture The following describes four configurations of the feeder link architecture that require only as many feeder link spectra as the downlink 88886-971107.doc -32 - 1309515 layered modulation spectrum. These embodiments of the present invention include the following feeder link architecture represented by the examples shown in Figures 13A, 14A, 15A, and 16A. As described in more detail below, such embodiments may include several variations and/or details of the basic modulator 220 and the interrogator 1 8 (the exemplary system previously described in FIGS. 4 and 8B), for example, the present invention The number of feeder link architectures is not limited to the application of the upper signal to an old signal. In the configurations of Figs. 13A, 14A, 15A and 16A, if the upper layer signal 808A and the lower layer signal 808B are appropriately designed, the upper layer signal 808A can be an old type signal. Therefore, an old IRD 500 can demodulate the upper layer signal 8〇8A directly from the layered signal. The lower layer signal 8〇8B is ignored as the noise in the old IRD 5〇〇. Alternatively, in the layered modulation IRD 802, both the upper layer 8A8A and the lower layer signal 808B are demodulated. 5.1 Feeder Link Spot Beam Figure 13A illustrates a first feeder link system 1300 for a layered modulated signal. In this system 1300, the uplink signal 116 includes two different feeder link signals 1302A, 1302B. In order to not modulate the bandwidth of the layered modulation on the downlink, the feeder link spot beam antennas 1304A, 1304B' can be utilized on the satellite 108 to reuse the feeder link spectrum. The feeder link system 1300 includes a first feeder link antenna i3〇6A located within a first coverage area 13〇8 of the first feeder link spot beam antenna 1304A; a second feeder link Antenna 1306B is located within the second coverage area ι 〇 8 第二 of the second feeder link spot beam antenna 1304B. The first coverage area 13 8 8 and the second coverage area 1308B are mutually different and do not overlap 'by the respective feeder link spot beam antennas 1304A, 13 (MB and form these signals 88886-971107d on the satellite 1〇8) c 33- 1309515 1302A, 1302B. In this embodiment, the first feeder link antenna 丨3 〇 6A transmits the first feeder link signal 1302A at a first frequency. The first feeder link signal 13 〇 2a includes The information carried by the upper layer downlink signal 808a. The second feed state link antenna 130 6B transmits the second feeder link signal 1302B at a second frequency, the feeder link signal 13 〇 2B including the downlink to be downlinked Information carried by link signal 808B. Although the two feeder link frequencies are substantially in the same frequency band, spot beam antennas 13 (MA, 1304B) with different coverage areas 13 〇 8A, 13 使用 are used. The first feeder link signal repair 1302A and the second feeder link signal 13(4) are prevented from being disturbed. This feeder key system ποο requires that there should be sufficient isolation between the two feeder link signals 13〇2a. When applied to smaller areas (smaller When the home, which may not have enough space _ forming the two feeder link spot beams), is more difficult to meet this requirement. Xun good device 107A, 1〇7Β (which may include conventional satellite access

1310B) Each of the receiving feeder link signals 13 〇 2 八, 13 〇 28 -. Each layer in the individual receivers 1310A and 131GB is assigned a downlink key (4) to properly filter, translate, and (4), (4) &amp; 层 layer signal _Α, 咖. It is known that some or all of the signal bandwidths between the assigned downlink frequency layers overlap. After that, the signals of each layer are 嶋, 嶋, to (4) downlink: ! 312 Β (which includes _ / TWTA n knives - or more, especially / for the upper signal 808A) . In this example, using the open satellite antennas 1314A, 1314B, the upper screen sends the upper downlink signals 808 Α 88886-97I107.doc • 34 - 1309515 ^ 亍 link 彳 5 唬 808B to substantially the same coverage area, respectively. The SA, layer downlink signal 808A and the lower layer downlink signal 808B are combined in the air to form the layered modulated signal. The user's then, 8〇2 receives the two overlapping signals by the technique described in the special case number G9/844, 4G1: and can one or both of the layered signals δ〇8Α Demodulation changes. In this example, the amount of feeder key spectrum required to support the layered modulated downlink signal 808 is greater than the required downlink spectrum. This feeder link system 1300 retains the advantage of a non-uniform relationship between the a and the planes of the downlink layered signal, and also preserves the advantages of the separate saturated satellite downlink amplifier 1312A 1312B for each layer. The two layered signals discuss a and 8 different gates. The v (incoherent) relationship enables the two layered signals to operate at different symbol rates, using independent modulation formats, and using independent forward error correction techniques. . Using separate saturated satellite downlink amplifiers 1312, 1312B, the upper layer amplification 1312a is significantly lower than the required saturation output power. This significantly reduces the linearity requirements on these amplifiers 丨3丨2A, i 3丨2β. It should also be noted that the interrogators 107, 1〇7B may be located on the common satellite 108 or on different satellites 1〇8A, 1〇8B as shown, however, if the responders 107A, 107B are located on the same satellite 108, It is easier to achieve level control of the signal. Figure 13B is a flow diagram of an exemplary method 1340 of the present invention for a first feeder link architecture. At step 1342, a first feeder link spot beam antenna ' of a first satellite interrogator is used to receive a first feeder link signal, wherein the first feeder link spot beam antenna is from a first coverage Area sent. The first satellite interrogator is configured to transmit an upper layer 88886-971107.doc -35 - 1309515 signal of the layered modulated signal to at least one integrated receiver/decoder (IRD). Next at step 1344, the second feeder link spot beam antenna of the second satellite interrogator is used to receive a third feeder link signal, which + the second feeder link spot beam antenna is different The second coverage area of the first coverage area is developed, and the second feeder link signal reuses the frequency of the first feeder link signal, and the second satellite interrogator modulates the layer The underlying signal of the signal is transmitted to the one or more IRDs. Method 134 can be further modified to coincide with feeder link system 1300 described above. 5.2 Feeder Link Antenna Beam Identification Figure 14A illustrates a second feeder link system 1400 for a layered modulated signal. This system 1400 employs feeder link signal authentication to reuse the feeder link spectrum to support layered modulation in the downlink signals 8〇8A, 8〇8B. In this case, the downlink layered signals 808A, 808B must be generated from the two satellites 1A, 8A, 8B, such that a lane separation 14?8 provides appropriate feeder link signal discrimination. For example, two satellites 1〇8A, 1〇8B may be separated by a track separation 1408 of nominal 〇·4 degrees longitude in orbit synchronized with the earth's rotation. Extremely narrow and highly focused beams are provided for transmission to satellites 1〇8Α, 1〇8Β using the Max Feeder Link Antennas 1406Α, 1406Β. Large antennas 1406A, 1406 are typical conventional feeder antennas, for example, in the range of about 7 to 10 meters in diameter for the 17 GHz feeder link band. The feeder link signals 1402A, 1402B can each be focused on the receive antennas 1404A, 1404B of the individual satellites 1A 8A, 1 〇 8B (as shown), but the track separation 14 〇 8 provides the slave feeder link signal 1402a , 14〇2B to other satellites 1〇8A, 108B are properly isolated to allow frequency reuse. This allows the two feeder links 88886-971107.doc -36· 1309515 Antennas 1406A, 14〇63 to know that η 6 is transmitted in the phase band portion and does not interfere with each other. Several embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 10/305,490 for the application of the US Patent Application Serial No. 10/305,490. And the implementation of layered tone #下; Qiao double dip link signal 808A, 808B. In this example, the first feeder key antenna 4〇6A transmits the 帛-feeder link signal 14〇2A to the first 5th benefit 107A of the first satellite 108A at the first frequency. . The second feeder link antenna &quot;〇6B transmits the second feeder link signal 14G2B at a second frequency&apos; to the first:interviewer 1Q7b of a second satellite 108B. As with the previous feeder key system 1300' of Figure 13, it is assumed that the two feeder link frequencies are very close to the squat-a feeder link signal (e.g., 14G2A) is tied to the other-feeder link signal (e.g., Magic B). (4) Please ask for the road band (4). However, the waypoint 1^ 1408 appropriately allows for reuse in the feeder link band.

Each satellite receiver 1410A, 141B receives a feeder link signal 1402A, 1402B, which is assigned an appropriate chopping, translation of the downlink frequency by the layers in the individual receivers 141A, 141A and Layer power: quasi-adjusted' to form a downlink layered signal 8〇8A, 8 幽. These fingers are known: the downlink frequency is the partial or complete signal bandwidth between the layers = stacking, after which the layered signals 8 〇 8A, 8 〇 8b are transmitted to the individual row chains. The path is amplified E] 412A, 1412b (which includes one or more TWTAs that can be placed in the power combiner, especially for the upper layer signals 8 〇 8A). In this example, the upper downlink signal 8G8A and the lower downlink signal 808B are transmitted to the same coverage area using separate satellite antennas i4 i 4 A, respectively. Upper layer downlink signal 8〇8A and lower layer downlink 88886-971 l〇7.d〇c •37· 1309515 Road k number 808B is combined in the air to form the layered modulated signal. The user's IRD 500, 802 receives the two overlapping signals via the technique described in Patent Application Serial No. 9/844, 4-1, and can one or both of the layered signals 8 〇 8A, 8 〇 8b Demodulation changes. Also in this example, the amount of feeder link spectrum required to support the layered modulated downlink signal 8〇8 is no more than the required downlink spectrum. As in the first feeder link system 1300, this feeder link system 14〇〇 retains the advantage of the asynchronous relationship between the layered signals 8〇8A, 808B, and also preserves the separate saturated satellite downlink amplifier 1412A, 1412B is used for the advantages of each layer. The non-synchronous (non-coherent) relationship between the two layered signals 808A, 808B allows them to operate at different symbol rates, can use independent modulation formats, and can use independent forward error correction techniques. Using separate saturated satellite downlinks, the Lattice 1412A, 1412B allows the upper amplifier 1412 to be significantly below the required output power in saturation. This significantly reduces the linearity requirements on these amplifiers 1412A, i4i2B. Although this feeder link system 1400 requires the presence of two separate satellites 1〇7A, 1〇7B' to cleanly receive the feeder link signals 1402A, 1402B and generate a layered modulated downlink signal 8〇8, However, conventional feeder link antennas 1406A, 1406B can be used without the spot beam receiving antenna on the side of the satellite 1A8A. Figure 14B is a flow diagram of an exemplary method 1440 of the (four) two-feeder keyway architecture of the present invention. At step 1442, a first feeder link signal for a first satellite interrogator is received on the first satellite, and the first satellite interrogator transmits the upper layer signal of the layered modulated signal to at least one Integrated 88886-971107.doc -38- 1309515 two:::::). Next, in step 1444, the second feeder link signal of the satellite responder is connected to the second satellite, and the second feeder link is transmitted by the number _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The frequency τ &quot; of the far-feeder link signal is used and the far-satellite and second satellites have a track separation sufficient to allow reuse of the frequency band. (d) A second satellite interrogator system for transmitting the underlying signal of the layered modulated signal to the at least-IRD. Method (10) may be consistent with the aforementioned feeder link system 1400. Tampering 5.3 Layered Modulation Feeder Link Figure 15-8 illustrates a third feeder link system 1500 for layered modulated signals. In this case 'the feeder link layered modulation signal including the upper layer feeder link signal 15G2A and the lower layer feeder link signal 15_ is at the feeder link station U line (four) center, 1 () 4) It is generated and then uploaded to satellite 108. As shown in FIG. 15A, each of the feeder link antennas 15 〇 6A, 15 〇 6B for each of the uplink signals 1502A, 1502B in the uplink center 1-4 uses its separate modulator and frequency doubling. The converter and high power amplifier chain can perform the merging of the two feeder link signals 1502A, 1502B over the air. Alternatively, the two feeder link signals 15〇2A, 15〇2B can be combined in a single uplink modulator and passed through a highly linear chirp/high power amplifier in the uplink center 1〇4 The combination is processed and passed to a single feeder key antenna 1506 (not shown). A layered modulation receiver/demodulation transformer 1510 located at the satellite receives two layered feeder link signals 1502 VIII, 1502B and divides the two layered feed 1 § link signals 1502A, 1502B into Individually associated bitstreams. The output bit stream of the receiver/demodulation transformer 1 5 1 耦合 is coupled to a modulator 丨5丨6A, 88886-971107.doc -39- 1309515 1516B (which can be combined into a single unit). A first modulator, isi6a, generates an upper layer signal 808A. The upper layer signal 8〇8a is appropriately filtered and translated into its assigned downlink before the upper layer signal 808A is coupled to the first downlink amplifier 1512A and the satellite antenna 1514A. The path frequency is adjusted and its power level is adjusted to be transmitted to an IRD 500, 8〇2. A second modulator 1S16B generates a lower layer signal 808B, which is properly filtered and translated into its assigned downlink before the lower layer signal 808B is coupled coupled to a second downlink amplifier 1512B and satellite antenna 1514B. The path frequency is adjusted and its power level is adjusted for transmission to an IRD 500, 802. The upper layer signal 8 8 8 and the lower layer signal 808B are combined in the air to form the layered modulated downlink signal, which is known to cause partial or full signal bandwidth overlap between layers. . The user's layered modulation receiver 8〇2 can receive the two signals 808A, 8G8B' and pass the patent number. The techniques described in 9/844, 4() 1 can demodulate the layers. As in the previous feeder link system 13A, 14〇〇, in the feeder link system 1500, the amount of feeder link spectrum required to support the layered modulated downlink signal 8〇8 is not more than required. Downlink spectrum. This feeder key φ system 1 500 retains the advantage of the asynchronous relationship between the downlink layered signals 8 〇 8A, 8_ and also preserves the advantages of separate saturated satellite downlink amplifiers 1512A, 1512B for each layer. The two layered signal planes A, with an asynchronous (non-coherent) relationship, enable the two layered signals to operate at different symbol rates' using independent modulation formats and using independent forward error correction techniques. The use of separate saturated satellite downlink amplifiers 1512α, ΐ5ΐ2β allows the upper layer amplifier 15 12 A to be significantly lower than required in the saturated output power. This Ming 88886-971107.doc, 40-1309515 significantly reduces the linearity requirements on these amplifiers 1412A, 1412B. Although the feeder link system 15〇0 requires a layered modulation demodulator and layered modulation modulation II to be located on a single-satellite, the relative position of the feeder link days: 15〇6A, 1506B is not Requirements (as long as the antennas are transmitted towards the satellite 1〇8 (eg conus coverage) and as long as the satellite ι〇8 properly controls the highly linear satellite amplifiers of the relative received power level output power of the two layered signals, then Can be excluded: star = demodulation and remodulation function 'in this case, a curved satellite can be used

Repeater. Figure 15B is a flow chart of the illustrated method (10) for the third feeder link system 1500 of the present invention. In step (10), receiving a layered modulation feeder link signal, the layered modulation feed test includes an upper layer feeder link signal and a lower layer feed 3|h State transitions. Next, at step 1544, the layered modulation feeder link is numbered L &amp; M^ ‘hard tower.解 Unwind the upper feeder link signal. At step 1546, the layer-by-layer, fade-in-feed feeder link signal demodulates the lower layer feed signal from the layer makeup. In step 1 &lt;/(..) Step 1548, modulating the upper feeder link has

No.', the layered signal is changed to the lower layer signal price of the upper layer. The upper layer downlink signal price is sent to at least one integrated receiver/Nemo solution (IRD). Finally, at step 1550, the second feeder link is modulated, and the lower layer downlink signal of the layered modulated downlink signal is transmitted to 兮[°- or multiple IRDs. The method 154 can be modified in a step-by-step manner to conform to the aforementioned feeder key system 15A. '5.4 Higher Order Modulation Feeder Link Figure 16A illustrates the use of layered modulation. In this case, the fourth feeder link of the conventional 5^808 is white-synchronous modulation (such as 16Qam et al. 88886-97ll07.doc -41·1309515 for feeding the read path 〇16〇2. Compared with the upper layer signal 8(10)A or the lower layer signal of the link, the feeder link signal includes higher order synchronization tuned, whereby the bit stream of the feeder link signal is at least as high as the upper layer downlink signal 808A and the lower layer downlink. The combined signal flow rate of the link signal (10) is high. It can be used in the responder 107 - the high power combiner is used to combine the outputs from more than one power amplifier in order to provide more than one power amplifier. The power level that can be achieved. A 16QAM (in this example) receiver/demodulation gain 1610 is used on the satellite 108 to receive and demodulate the data stream from the feeder link signal "(10). Then use A demultiplexer 1616 splits the higher rate feeder link bitstream into two slower bitstreams. The two bitstreams are each conveyed to lower hierarchical signal modulators 1618A, 1618B (Fig. Two QPSK modulators are shown in the 16A example. The first lower order modulator 16I8A applies the first bit stream to a carrier frequency and filters it appropriately, translates it to its assigned downlink frequency, and adjusts the layer power level for generation. The upper layer signal 808A of the downlink. Similarly, the second lower order modulator 丨6丨8B applies the second bit stream to a carrier frequency and appropriately filters and translates it to its assigned downlink. The channel frequency, and the layer power level is adjusted to produce a lower layer signal 808B for the downlink. It is known that the assigned downlink frequencies cause partial or full signal bandwidth overlap between layers. Then each signal 808A, 808B is transmitted to the corresponding downstream key amplifiers 1612A, 1612B, and then the two layered signals 808A, 808B are combined in the air. The user's layered modulation receiver 802 can receive the two layered signals 8〇8a, 808B And the technology described in Patent Application Serial No. 09/844,401, the layers can be demodulated 88886-971107.doc -42· 1309515 as in the previous feeder key system, the link system 16 , For too] 5〇〇, in this The 遣, p 曰 调 下行 下行 下行 下行 下行 下行 下行 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = The two synchronization relationships 'and transmit the annunciators 16 at the same symbol rate. However, the system 16GG allows the saturated downlink downlink amplifier to be separated by 16 UB ° using saturated downlink, and the (5) 2B tolerant upper-layer amplifier 1612A is The saturation output power is significantly lower than required. This phase reduces the linearity requirements on these amplifiers 1612A, 1612B. While this feeder link system 1600 requires the upper layer signal 8 to follow the lower layer signal 80, the system_available - corresponding to the downlink channel, which has a 16QAM level of throughput. The conventional technology used to provide 16qam throughput requires extremely high power and highly linear satellite amplifiers that are transmitted from a satellite to a terrestrial receiver with a conventional 16QAM signal. This system 16〇〇 allows for the use of multiple lower power amplifiers that operate in a non-linear manner. Figure 16B is a flow diagram of an exemplary method 1640 for a fourth feeder link system 16A of the present invention. First at step 1642, a feeder link signal comprising a high order modulation is received and demodulated into a first bit stream. At step 1644, the first bit stream is multiplexed into a second bit stream and a third bit stream. At step 1646, the second bit stream is modulated into a layered modulation k number upper layer signal for transmission to at least one integrated receiver/decoder (IRD), the upper layer signal including a lower order modulation , which is lower than the high-order modulation of the signal of the feeder chain 88886-97H07.doc • 43·1309515, so that the feeder link frequency band of the feeder link signal is not greater than the upper layer signal and the lower layer signal below the chain Road band. Finally, in step 1648, the third bit stream is modulated into a layer 彳s number below the layered modulation signal for transmission to the one or more IRDs, the lower layer signal having a lower order modulation of the upper layer signal; Method 164 can be further modified to coincide with the aforementioned feeder link system 1600. The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is intended to Many modifications and changes can be made from the teachings. It is intended that the invention not be described in detail, but by the scope of the appended claims. Many embodiments of the invention can be made. The invention is therefore intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a single satellite video distribution system; FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a typical uplink configuration for a single satellite interrogator, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a representative data stream. Figure 3Β shows a diagram of a representative data packet; Figure illustrates a block diagram of a modulator embodiment for a feeder link signal; Figure 5, a non-integrated receiver/decoder (IRd) Figure 6A shows the basic relationship of several signal layers in a layered modulation transmission 88886-971107.doc l3〇95!5 pattern; _ Figure 7A_7C shows the first layer after demodulation a diagram of a signal communication constellation of the second transport layer on the first transport layer; FIG. 8A depicts a diagram of a system not used for transmitting and receiving layered modulated signals; FIG. 8B illustrates a scheme for receiving and transmitting Schematic diagram of an exemplary satellite interrogator for layered modulated signals; σ Figure 9 illustrates an enhanced IRD embodiment that can receive a block diagram of a layered modulated signal; Figure 1 Ο A shows a reinforced tuner/tuning A block diagram of an embodiment of a transformer and an FE c encoder; 'FIG. 10B illustrates another embodiment of a reinforced tuner/modulator a diagram in which layer depletion is performed on the received layered signal; FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate relative power levels of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary computer system that can be used to implement the present invention. FIG. 13A illustrates a first feeder link architecture for a layered modulation signal; FIG. 13B illustrates a flow diagram of the present invention for a first feeder link architecture. Figure 14A shows a second feeder link architecture for layered modulation signals; Figure 14B shows a flow chart of an exemplary method for the second feeder link architecture of the present invention; Figure 3B is a flow chart of an exemplary method for the third feeder link architecture of the present invention; 88886-97li〇7.d (?45-1309515) Figure 16A illustrates a fourth feeder link architecture for layered modulated signals; and Figure 16B illustrates a flow chart of an exemplary method for the fourth feeder link architecture of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Video Dispersion System 102 Control Center 104 Uplink Center 105, 2 22 Transmitter 106 Uplink Antenna 107, 107A, 107B Transmitter or Provider 108, 108A, 108B Satellite 110 User Receiving Station 112, 112A, 112B, 812A, 812B Outdoor Unit (Receiver Antenna) 114 Ground or other chain Path 116 Feeder Link Signal (Uplink Signal) 118 Downlink Signal 200, 200A-200C Video Source 202, 202A-202C, 404, 422 Encoder 204, 204A-204F Packetizer 206 Program List Subsystem 208 Computer Source 210 Conditional Access Manager 214 System Clock 88886-971J07.doc • 46- 1309515 216 Controller 218 Encryption Module 220, 406, 414, 1516A, 1516B Modulator 500, 802 Integrated Receiver/Decoder (IRD) 502,810Α, 810B Low Noise Block Converter (LNB) 504, 904 Tuner/Demodulation Transformer 506, 1002 FEC Decoder 508, 908 Transmission Module 510 Microcontroller 512 Conditional Access Module (CAM) 514 Video MPEG Decoder 516 Video Processor 517 Audio MPEG Decoder 518 Digital to Analog (D/A) Converter 522 Electronic Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) 524 Remote Control 526 External Pass Signal module 530 video storage processor 532 video storage device 534 RF modulator 536 video random access memory (RAM) 538 processor read only memory (ROM) 88886-971107.doc -47- 1309515 540 data machine 808 , 808A, 808B, 1600, 1602, 1608 Layered Signal 814 Input Multiplexer (IMUX) 816 Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier (TWTA) 818 Output Multiplexer (OMUX) 1004, 1104, 1320 Upper Demodulation Transmitter 1006 Recoding /remodulator 1008, 1324 decoder 1010, 1332 lower demodulation transformer 1012 subtractor 1018 nonlinear distortion mapper 1200 computer system 1202 computer 1204 processor 1206 memory 1208 operating system 1210 computer program 1212 compilation 1214 keyboard 1216 Mouse Device 1218A Graphical User Interface (GUI) 1220 Data Storage Device 1222 Display 88886-971107.doc -48- 1302A, 1302B, 1402A, 1402B, 1502A, 1502B, 1602 1304A, 1304B, 1404A, 1404B 1306A, 1306B, 1406A , 1406B, 1506A, 1506B 1310A, 1310B, 1410A, 1410B 1312A, 1312B, 1412A, 1412B, 1512A, 1512B, 1612A, 1612B 1314A, 1314B, 1414A, 130951 5 1224 1230 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600 1414B, 1514A, 1514B 1510 1616

1618A, 1618B floppy disk data communication device feeder link system feeder link signal feeder link spot beam antenna feeder link antenna satellite receiver downlink amplifier satellite antenna layered modulation receiver / demodulation Debugger multiplexer lower level signal modulator 88886-97JI07.doc •49-

Claims (1)

1309515 Pickup, patent application scope: The system includes 1'-type receiving benefit for the uplink signal, which is used to make the H satellite query Ik feeder link spot beam 夭 认 〜 反 反 反 反 反 反 反To receive a first feeder link, the first guard is burned. . ^ ^ 生力ο益 transmits one of the layered modulation signals to at least one receiver; "―5 contains a first receiver for using a second satellite interrogator - the second transmission Linking a spot beam antenna to receive a second feeder link number, and the 3Hai-satellite interrogator transmits the lower layer signal of one of the layered modulated signals to the at least one receiver; a first feeder link spot beam antenna is transmitted from the first coverage area, and a second feeder link spot beam antenna is transmitted from a second coverage area different from the first coverage area, and the second feed The chain 2 signal uses a spectrum of the first feeder link signal. 2. The system of claim i, wherein one of the upper signals has a frequency overlap partially overlapping the lower layer signal A second frequency bandwidth. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first frequency bandwidth of the upper layer signal is completely overlapped with the second frequency bandwidth of one of the lower layer signals. 1 item, system, wherein the upper layer signal includes 5. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second interrogators are on a common satellite, such as the system of claim 1, wherein the first and second interrogators Each of the different satellites. The responder and the answering device and the 88886-971107.doc 1309515 7. The system of claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the first-inquiry answer and the order--inquiry Including an amplifier that can be substantially saturated. Ϊ二::::: The system surrounding the first item, wherein the brother of the upper layer signal includes a power combiner. The system of claim, wherein the power level of at least one of the first-feeder link signal I and the second::send (four) way signal is adjusted, and the pre-existing purely received signal is between the upper layer signal and a relative power level between the lower layers. A method for uplink signals, comprising: using a -first satellite interrogator - a first feeder key spot beam antenna to receive - a - feed a link signal, the first satellite interrogator transmits a signal to the upper layer of the layered modulated signal to At least - receiver - using - second satellite interrogator - second feeder key spot beam antenna 'to receive - second feeder link signal, the second satellite inquiring to layer the layered modulated signal One of the lower layer signals is transmitted to ^1; to "received" wherein the first feeder link spot beam antenna is transmitted from a first reclamation area, and the second feeder link spot beam antenna is different from the first coverage One of the second coverage areas of the area is transmitted, and the second feedback signal is used to re-use one of the first feeder link signals. π. The method of claim 10, wherein the upper layer Presently, the first frequency bandwidth is partially overlapped with one of the lower layer signals, and the second cheek rate bandwidth is 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper portion. s Now - the first frequency bandwidth is completely overlapped with one of the lower layers of the second frequency. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper layer signal comprises an old signal. The first interrogator and the first interrogator and the first interrogator and the second interrogator of the method of claim 1 of the patent application are all on a common satellite 15. The method of applying for the first paragraph of the patent scope is that the second responder is on a different satellite. 16. If the scope of the patent application is not included in the first paragraph, the spear-and-one-one responder includes a magnifying cry that can be substantially saturated. Π. For example, the method of the first aspect of the patent range, wherein the first satellite interrogator of the upper layer signal includes a power combiner. 18. The application of the patent range signal and the second feed wherein the first feeder key is adjusted to maintain a phase between the power levels of one less:::::: between the upper layers Signal and the underlying signal 19. A system for an uplink signal, comprising: a receiver, using an LV fds satellite interrogator - the first satellite on the satellite - the first will be - layered / 达 达 link signal, the first satellite responder; ^ Syria - upper layer to at least - receive - second receiver, for satellite responder - flute - spider, brother - health reception Used for one-to-two device to modify the layered ^11 link &amp; number 'this: satellite interrogator; 4 slave - down ride (four) to the station less - receive the second feeder 唬 reuse The first-feeder link 88886*97 丨丨07.doc 1309515 signals one of the frequency bands, and the first satellite and the second satellite have sufficient orbital separation to permit reuse of the frequency band. 20. As claimed in claim 19, the frequency bandwidth is partially overlapped with the second frequency bandwidth of one of the lower layer signals. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein one of the upper layer signals has a first frequency bandwidth that completely overlaps one of the lower layer signals and a second frequency bandwidth. 22. The system of claim 19, wherein the upper layer signal comprises - an old signal. 23. The system of claim 19, wherein the first satellite interrogator for the upper layer signal comprises a power combiner. 24. The system of claim 19, wherein at least a power level of the first feeder key signal and the second feeder link signal is adjusted and maintained for reception at the upper layer A relative power level between the signal and the underlying signal. 〇, 25. A method for an uplink signal, comprising: receiving, on a first satellite, a feeder link signal for a first satellite interrogator, the first satellite interrogator The heart-dead layer signal is transmitted to at least one receiver; The first feeder link signal for the second satellite interrogator is received on the second satellite, and the first satellite interrogator transmits the layered modulation to the lower layer signal.褒 at least one receiver; wherein the first-, __-be, and yi link signals reuse a frequency band of the first feeder chain j, and the first satellite and the second satellite have One uses the track to separate the track. The method of claim 25, wherein the first frequency bandwidth of the one of the upper signals is partially overlapped with the second frequency bandwidth of one of the lower signals. The method of claim 25, wherein the first frequency bandwidth of one of the upper signals completely overlaps the second frequency bandwidth of one of the lower signals. 28. The method of claim 25, wherein the upper layer signal comprises an old signal. 29_ The method of claim 25, wherein the X satellite sigma for the upper layer signal comprises a power combiner. 30. The method of claim 25, wherein the power level of at least the first feeder key k and the second feeder link signal is adjusted to maintain A relative power level between the upper layer (four) and the subscription layer. JU 31. A system layered modulation receiver/demodulation transformer for uplink signals, using one of a layered modulation feeder link signal and a lower layer feeder link signal; : receiving and demodulating all of the upper layer feeder link signals, a first modulator generating a layered modulation converter; and ': modulating the upper layer feeder link to the lower link signal - the upper layer The signal is given to the second modulator to generate the layered modulation receiver. And modulating the lower layer signal of the lower layer feeder link signal of the downlink signal to the number, and at least one signal of the third item of the profit-seeking range and the lower layer of makeup, and, wherein The upper layer feed link signal is from the common position 88886-971107.doc 1309515 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. For example, the signal of the 31st item of the patent application and the lower layer feeding 芎 "the system" is sent by the upper layer feeder link. The signal of the feeding link is sent from a different position as in the 31st item of the patent application. "First" is one of the upper frequency downlink 收 唬 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 ^ ^ k ^ k ^ k k k ^ 卩 卩 卩 卩 卩 卩 卩 卩 卩 卩As for the first frequency bandwidth of one of the patent application scopes, the first frequency downlink π king overlaps the lower layer downlink and the second frequency bandwidth. Seventh as in the patent application scope 31 ^ ^ ^ a system, wherein the upper feeder link nickname and the lower layer feeder chain 唬 L唬 are coherently transmitted to the layered receiver/demodulation transformer . The system is changed to the system of claim 31, wherein the upper feeder link &quot;is number and the lower layer of the crying 攸 攸 % 宫 宫 宫 宫 〇. The link is transmitted non-coherently to the variable receiver/demodulation transformer. The system of claim 31, wherein the first modulator and the k-th transform include a plurality of upper-layer downlink A_|, each of the upper-layer downlink amplifiers including a power combiner . The system of claim 3, wherein the power level of at least the upper layer feeder signal and the lower layer link signal is adjusted to maintain the received signal between the upper layer and the upper layer. A relative power level between the underlying signals. A method for uplink signals, comprising: 88886-971107.doc 1309515 receiving a layered modulation feed crying I 颂 链路 link ", the layered modulation link signal includes an upper layer feed state Ling said the Tongyi link k number and the lower layer d ^ station. The r feeder link signal number demodulates the upper layer feeder link signal from the layered modulation feeder link signal; from the layered The modulation feeder link signal demodulates the next number; the benefit link link modulation β upper layer feeder key is rugged, and U is used to layer one of the layered modulation link signals. The link is transmitted to the at least one receiver; and the lower layer feeder key signal is transmitted to transmit the lower layer downlink signal of the layered modulated downlink signal to the at least one device. The method of claim 4, wherein the upper feeder link signal and the lower feeder link signal are transmitted from a common location, such as the patent application scope. Method 4 of item 4G, wherein the upper feeder link &q Uot;is 5^1 and §Hai lower layer talk about crying, Betting device link signal is sent from a different position. The method of claim 40, wherein the upper layer downlink signal, the frequency of the upper layer The method of claim 40, wherein the 帛-frequency bandwidth of the upper layer downlink signal is completely overlapped with the downlink signal of the lower layer. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; The method of claim 40, wherein the upper layer feeder link signal and the lower layer feeder link signal are transmitted non-coherently to the at least one receiver. The method of claim 4, wherein a power level of at least one of the upper layer feeder link signal and the lower layer feeder link signal is adjusted to maintain the upper layer signal and the lower layer for reception a relative power level between the signals. A system for an uplink signal, comprising: a higher order receiver/demodulation transformer for receiving a feeder link signal and connecting the feeder link The signal demodulation becomes a first bit stream; a demultiplexer is configured to multiplex the first bit stream into a second bit stream and a third bit stream; a modulator for converting the second bit stream into a layered modulated signal-upper layer signal for transmission to at least a receiver; a second lower order modulator, Tian, and ### ; _ is used to transform the 3 位 second bit stream into one of the layered modulating signals, the lower layer of the layer t唬' to transmit to the at least one receiving crying, wherein the feeder link is identifiable Including a higher order modulation, which is higher than the upper layer signal and the lower layer, &quot;. One of the lower-order modulations is such that one of the link signals is fed by the feeder. The „ _ _ member band is not greater than the downlink signal of the upper layer signal and the lower layer #唬. The system of claim 48, wherein a frequency bandwidth of one of the upper signals is partially overlapped with a second frequency bandwidth of the lower layer signal by 5 〇. For example, the patent scope (4) The system wherein the first-frequency bandwidth of the upper layer signal is completely overlapped with the second frequency bandwidth of the lower layer signal. For example, in the system of claim 48, the pure high-order synchronous modulation of the towel includes 16QAM, and the lower-order modulation includes QPSK. &amp;A system as claimed in claim 48, wherein the upper layer downlink key is amplified by an amplifier system having a power combiner. . The system of claim 48, wherein the power level of at least the upper layer signal and the lower layer signal is adjusted to maintain the upper layer signal and the lower layer signal for receiving The power level is between. 54. A method for an uplink signal, comprising: / collecting a feeder link signal, and demodulating the feeder link signal into a first bit stream; The stream is multiplexed into a second bit stream and a third bit stream; Transmitting the second bit stream into an upper layer signal of one layer modulation signal for transmission to at least one receiver; and transforming the third bit stream into one of the layer modulation signals to transmit Giving the at least one receiver; wherein the feeder link signal comprises a higher order modulation, the basin being higher than the upper layer (four) and the lower layer modulation of the lower layer signal, causing the feed; The link frequency band is not greater than the upper layer signal and one of the lower layer k numbers. The method of claim 1, wherein the first frequency bandwidth of the one of the upper signals partially overlaps the second frequency of the lower layer signal. 56. The method of item, wherein the first frequency bandwidth of one of the upper signals is completely overlapped with the second frequency bandwidth of one of the lower signals. 57. The method of claim 54, wherein the higher order synchronous modulation comprises 16QAM&apos; and the lower order modulation comprises QPSK. 58. For example, in the method of item 54 of the range _, the upper layer downlink key ## is amplified by an amplifier system having a power combiner. 59. The method of claim 54, wherein the power level of the at least one of the upper link signal knife is adjusted to control the band between the upper layer signal and the lower layer signal - relative power level. 88886-971107.doc •10-