TWI304850B - Exhaust after-treatment system for the reduction of pollutants from diesel engine exhaust and related method - Google Patents

Description

1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (1) This application claims US application No. 60/39 8473 and application filed on March 12, 2003, filed on July 25, 2002. Right 60/45404. Scope of the Invention The present invention generally relates to diesel engines. More specifically, . . , used to capture and remove and / or pyrolysis diesel exhaust! Post-treatment systems such as particulate contaminants, volatile organic compounds (V〇cs), millin counts, N 0 x, H C, C 0 and S 0 d. The particulate pollutants are all over the world. Its significant impact on health impacts far exceeds what is generally thought to be caused by V0C compounds and images. Although there are no regulations yet, the minimum level of the benchmark will be taken out, and this will be the murderer of smoke and acid rain; there has been dramatic progress. Compared with the current generation of diesel engines, the demand for exhaust gas from today's diesel engines is extremely poor, and the requirements for exhaust gas are required to arrive at the time when the application for the application of the invention is urgent. The large amount of attention paid to the formation of toxic toxic exhaust pollutants for human health and the counting of the current nanometer-scale particle counts for the counting of gas is limited to the achievable subject. Nitric oxide is the main source of acid rain. Engine technology in the past decade 〇.6〇 gm/bhp.hr emissions 1 gm/bhp.hr emission rate, oil engine clean, for environmental management has been shown. Diesel engine 5: meters of grain to VOCs and its discharge into the environment of the large-scale environmental sulphur oxide is 9 9 98 enough to reach 0. The old type of wood is close to zero 1304850 5, invention description (2) --:- release rate For the moment, the USEPA and CARB regulations reduce the particulate pollutant emission rate to 〇.gm/bhp.hr and the N0 emission rate to 〇2 gm/bhphr from the 2007 heavy truck. As far as today is concerned, it is very difficult and difficult to use only engine technology to achieve such target emission rates. Only the post-disposal treatment is the most viable alternative to these regulations.

Post-processing techniques used to capture diesel particulate matter and reduce N〇X in the last fifteen years have received considerable attention. Most of these technologies focus on particle contaminants in filter media such as cordierite ceramic wall flow filters, ceramic fibers wrapped around porous bodies, and metal fiber filter media. Collector (particu 1 ate traps). Although the particulate contaminant trap is proven to be an effective filter medium with an efficiency of 8 _ _ 9 5%, it must remove the accumulated soot from the filter media to return it to its original state for another round of filtration. This demand has led to the development of today's well-known regeneration process. Although the principle of the regeneration procedure is simply based on burning off the accumulated soot, it is still unreliable in practical applications. In this regard, the regeneration process II particle contaminant trap has strict constraints on real-world applications. For example, regeneration operations must begin when the filter load reaches a threshold above which the pressure drop across the filter media begins to increase rapidly and can interfere with engine performance. From a statistical point of view, the exhaust gas temperature profile during the operation of the diesel truck is not high enough to initiate regeneration as needed. Combine some ways to promote regeneration procedures, such as, induced, or

Page 6 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (3) forced regeneration ’ where an external heat source is used to raise the temperature of the filter medium above the ignition temperature of the soot to initiate combustion. Alternatively, it is proposed to use a shell metal and/or base metal catalyst as one of the filter media or as an additive to diesel. The catalyst reduces the soot ignition temperature from 620 °C to as low as 320 °C, which enhances the feasibility of regenerative operation during engine operation, depending on the exhaust gas temperature profile (especially at high engine loads). Regeneration operations relying on the catalyst can cause other problems with catalyst poisoning due to sulfur compounds in the diesel fuel. This results in ultra low sulfur content diesel being used to ensure long lasting enthalpy of the catalyst. Although the feasibility of successful regeneration in real-life applications has been improved year after year, the problem of regeneration has not been fully resolved. In the final analysis, complex and expensive detailed logic is used to work in a harsh exhaust environment that exacerbates other problems during operation, such as ductility and durability. The most critical constraint associated with the regeneration process of particulate contaminant traps is the reliability of the job, which is a decisive factor, especially in mobile applications. Diesel engine vehicles do not follow a single drive cycle mode on the road. In fact, some diesel-powered vehicles experience long periods of idling while other vehicles are operating in congested areas. All of these factors make the exhaust gas temperature profile too low to complete the regeneration operation in a passive system. This is true even if a catalyst is present. Therefore, there will be problems during operation. Although these problems can usually be corrected by forced regeneration, related active components such as fuel injection, valves, microprocessors, thermocouples, and the like in exhaust gas have proven to be large in harsh waste fluorine environments. Scale maintenance operations and poor reliability. In or near an exhaust system

Page 7 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (4) ~ ----~ The components must pass the high steep shock load of up to 30 g's and the thermal shock test. The reliability of the active components in the diesel exhaust environment is well tested. The D brother's only particulate contamination capture system requires another durability challenge to achieve maintenance intervals based on Ep4's 4 5 〇, 〇 〇 mile and 1 50 〇 0 0 mile. Most active components and systems lack the ability to meet these endurance requirements due to improper steep shock loads, thermal shock stresses, and direct & off factors. , phase N0 control technology is diverse. Significant control techniques include lean burners, plasma assisted catalysts, absorbents, selective catalytic reduction, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). ^Almost all of these known techniques are effective in reducing N0 resolution by 25%. To 90% ^ Obviously, exhaust gas recirculation is the most promising technology with a manageable number of problems. In diesel engines, the Egr problem includes: (1) exhaust gas is contaminated by soot, which causes problems in the engine's intake system, (2) exhaust gas high temperature interferes with engine performance, and (3) pressure difference is insufficient to drive the necessary exhaust The flow to the engine intake to maintain a normal cycle. These problems hinder the EGR technology's degree of communication in diesel engine applications. The new £(^ concept for the development of diesel engines, such as the still-pressure and low-pressure strategies and their combinations. The well-known EGR system is complex and uses low durability, low reliability and high fuel loss. In a nutshell, the problems of regeneration and EGR adaptation have progressed, but they still make the researcher a good one. In particular, it has been proved that the soot is trapped in the filter. Very difficult and elusive task, no Mingxiong solution

Page 8 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (5) A guarantee is accepted in mobile and stationary diesel applications. There is a need for an explicit reading of the advancement of related art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention addresses the aforementioned problems with respect to the scope of particulate contaminant capture and replacing the techniques known today with a different architecture. The solution of the present invention is based on the incorporation of fine soot particles into a larger size that can be easily separated from the exhaust stream. Two methods can be used to achieve separation of agglomerated particles. These methods remove centrifugation of soot from the centrifugal separation and through the reverse pulse jet. The separated particles are collected and packaged into solid pellets for sale as a commodity. Alternatively, the separated particles are incinerated based on a continuous manner in a controlled environment that eliminates sudden temperature rises and hot spots, thereby achieving high reliability and durability. The application of the present disclosure will provide a simplified and rugged EGR system that addresses most of the EGR problems in diesel applications. The system is suitable for emissions that are not covered by the high level of control regulations that are not yet to be observed, such as reducing nanometer particle counts, completely eliminating toxic air pollutants (V 0 C s ), and lowering pressure drops in particulate pollutant converters. And N 0 and sulfur compounds released from diesel exhaust. The present invention is based on the use of a variety of well-known physical phenomena and characteristics to clean up the regulatory and undetermined contaminants of diesel exhaust via an overall system solution. Conventional exhaust gas particle capture methods are based on the premise of providing a filter function. One of the core products of the system of the invention is a particulate contaminant converter. The first aspect of the invention, which is highly attractive to stationary engines, is based on the use of an agglutination program instead of a filtering program. a particle filled with soot

Page 9 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (6) = The collector will cause the incoming particulate contaminants to completely agglutinate, that is, all the particulate contaminants entering the condenser will be collected and merged into a larger size state for subsequent The downstream side is removed. Once the agglutinator is filled with soot particles, the efficiency of the capture will be greatly improved and the efficiency of the finer particles will be more efficient. This results in the highest known nanometer particle capture efficiency. The particles blown off on the downstream side of the aggregator are ruptured dendrites, so the size is in the range of 00 μm depending on the working conditions and the dendrites are dry or wet. And the incoming pieces are in the range of nanometers to 1 micro=刽 and the average is 〇·1 micron. Particle size in the range of 1 to 10 microns. # ί A new opportunity to separate it and incinerate it or simply collect it. Regardless of the use, today's well-known regeneration procedures are replaced by a more reliable alternative. Compared to conventional filtration techniques, it is more efficient and more reliable to divide the particles to form a soot pellet; the i incineration method is also passive, continuous, and thus non-durable, and It solves the conventional problems associated with the regeneration process. New: Ϊ ί Separation program replaces the regeneration program in terms of the amount of reduction in the amount of material subtracted = the object replenishment strategy is compared to the reverse thinking)... Subtracting these benefits is a lot of benefits that it can't. For example, the reduction, iii i (n reduction in exhaust gas temperature causes the exhaust gas flow and viscosity temperature to force the reduction factor of the reduction of two to 3 · 1; (2) the lower exhaust gas efficiency is condensed into Micron-sized particles, which can be forced to a large amount of a small amount of tail pipe; (3) lowering the exhaust gas temperature, the nano-level particles are condensed in the particle pollutant converter

Page 10 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (7) Capture rather than after the tailpipe; (4) Use of a platinum catalyst instead of a diesel oxidation catalyst to sulphurize S0 into sulfate nanometer particles that can be collected with soot particles Exemption of sulfur compounds from the tail pipe; (5) The active platinum catalyst also oxidizes 50-70% of N0 to N0 2 . Once the exhaust gas is cooled to 200 °F or lower, the volume of N0 can be absorbed by water, resulting in a significant and simple way to reduce the N0 emission rate; (6) the effectiveness of the particle pollutant converter is independent of the exhaust gas temperature profile. But this is not the case with other conventional technologies. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the above and other benefits after reviewing the details of the invention presented below. Both the particulate contaminant agglomeration and separation converters are the basis of the invention, and other additions and enhancements have evolved into a system design that looks at all known contaminants released by diesel exhaust. In mobile applications, incinerated by-products have been purged of particulate contaminants and will therefore be redirected to the engine intake as clean exhaust for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). EGR provides reduced NO妁 performance. The exhaust gas recirculation flow is further modulated by the tail pipe through a diverter valve. In the case where the exhaust gas is directed to a sedimentation chamber rather than an incinerator, the chamber collects the soot during its operation until it is full, which is usually carried out for a period of 3-6 months. When the chamber is full, it is unloaded during a routine maintenance operation (such as oil change). • In the maintenance plant, particulate contaminants are emptied into a soot drum and processed into compressed pellets. This sweeps the accumulated soot (sweeping stream) to a soot drum by blocking the exhaust tail pipe and allowing the engine to idle the exhaust stream. The process of emptying a compartment into the ashtray takes about 5 minutes. A single soot can be used for 10 to hundreds of mobile engines. in

Page 11 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (8) For stationary applications, offshore applications or multi-engine applications, and ensuring space for installation of a soot drum, the sweeping flow is directed to the soot drum without the need for a soot chamber. Alternatively, the precipitation chamber may be replaced by a bag that collects soot. The system of the present invention can provide PM, NOX, poisons (VOCs), nanometer particle counts, SO 2 , HC and C0 reduction effects with high efficiency. In addition, the simple passive nature of the particulate pollutant converter and the vast majority of the system's residue (ba ance) is one of the most promising for addressing durability, reliability, and other safety considerations associated with conventional post-treatment techniques. Program. Another embodiment of the present invention is highly attractive for small diesel seven engine applications, such as engines for trucks and SUVs. In almost all of these applications, the size of the processing hardware is critical, especially in mobile applications. In addition, engines operating in transient mode do not allow the centrifugal separator to function optimally as turbulence, vortex effects, and centrifugal acceleration changes are added to the centrifugal separator. This embodiment consists of a single piece of hardware that does not contain a centrifugal separator. The agglutination procedure is replaced by a quasi-agglomeration-overclaw procedure. The hardware incorporates a composite steel mesh that utilizes a mesh material that is filtered to enlarge the mesh. Quasi-aggregation-filtration, the medium is a deep filter that works on an agglutination principle followed by filtration in a single or multiple stages. It is not a good idea to use this medium as a complete agglutinator. Therefore, when the particle contaminant collection efficiency begins to deteriorate (as measured by an increase in pressure drop across the medium), a rubbering means must be used to purify the medium. This results in the use of a reverse pulse jet to expel the soot clusters trapped within the medium. The agglomerated blown off soot on the upstream side settles on the bottom of the outer casing. In order to prevent the agglomerated soot from being stirred up and re-entering the wire mesh

Page 12 1304850 V. Description of the invention, the quasi-condensed rectangle of the collected wire mesh can be installed underneath. (Selected, this is in the case of some wire mesh screens and improves the smoke. The invention should be understood In the embodiment, (9) separating a porous sheet by gravity and vibration to the porous sheet to separate the soot from the main exhaust gas stream. The space between the porous sheet and the composite is completely used to allow the main exhaust gas to pass therethrough. The set-filter media embodiment is shaped to be, but is not limited to, a height suitable for under-the-floor installation on mobile sources such as trucks and buses. Another embodiment may take the form of a cylindrical device that may also be mounted vertically on trucks and buses. In each embodiment, the number of compartments containing the contents may be one, two or more. Increasing the number of steel chambers can reduce the pressure drop and increase the soot retention capacity. Other applicable fields will become apparent in the detailed description below. The detailed description and specific examples are intended to be illustrative and not restrictive DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The following description of the preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the invention. A. Brief Description of the System Referring initially to Figure 1 of the drawings, wherein the reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts in the several figures, Figure 1 depicts an aftertreatment system for reducing contaminants from engine exhaust. The system of Figure 1 is used to post-treat exhaust gases from a number of internal combustion engines (e.g., diesel engines, high pressure liquid natural gas engines) that operate under lean conditions and have significant particulate pollutants. The invention

Page 13 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (10) The system has to say that f is all the waste of the exhaust gas. The particulate pollutants and the nanometers are destroyed/separated/removed. The material 'nitrogen oxide' hydrocarbons, -= grade particles' volatile organic compounds combined treatment, can release carbon and sulfur dioxide at a high rate. After the pollutants have been removed, the high-level pollution is removed from the atmosphere. All of the above is continued with reference to Figure 1 and the additional reference is very environmentally friendly. The present invention is directed to a plurality of preferred embodiments for the immobilization of a catalyst 1 〇 connected to an engine 匕 system. The oxidation catalyst or the active metal is responsible for the manifold. Catalyst 1 is obtained as diesel oxygen). After the catalyst 1 〇 is the exhaust agent (for example, used in gasoline engine applications in the particulate pollutant converter $ 〇糸 system 50 ' The system is designed to allow the exhaust gas to be cooled. The mode of cooling can usually be divided into 0 before there is maximum possible cooling effect. Section: a radiant section 6 〇, 22 代表 represents a different mode of heat transfer, three of which are a liquid convection section 8 卜 疋 an air convection section 70, after which

For the fixed application, the private and the dead A are drawn in detail. The granules are more in Figures 3, 4 and 6 - the agglomerator 120, a core separation; mainly comprising - the inlet section U°, ". You can use an incinerator as shown in Figure 4, 5A and two 13 ° and the gas outlet section "Ο. The gas outlet section is too dioxic, raw selection - π,, b you 5β. In the converter to receive IW ^ road to the outside Go to a soot collection chamber 170. The clean exhaust gas leaving the soot i ί 形成 forms a waste soil (EGR) 20 that is sent to the air filter of the engine. The EGR system can use an axial boost pump 241 The EGR flow rate is correctly measured. The soot concentrated in the soot collection chamber 丨7〇 is passed to the soot processing drum 2 〇〇 to reuse the soot into pellets. B. Oxidation catalyst

Page 14 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (11) The light fraction of the oxidation catalyst of the present invention, however, allows the weight of v〇Cs to be selected to substantially reduce the final collection of V0C compounds in the conversion of particulate contaminants, passing through, in the exhaust pipe. Coagulated and a bonded material, the output of which has 2 dimes. The condensing fraction of vocs is treated as a result of the size of the aggregated particulate contaminants encountered in the cyclone separator and prevented by a smaller size of diesel deuterated flooding or vortexing. Because it is enough. The diesel oxidation catalyzed by the use of the present invention is also effective for the use of the present invention, and for the carbon dioxide hydrogen compound, the oxidized carbon oxide. On the other hand, the oxidation of the active host 1 s is also slightly oxidized by carbon, and the catalyst is used to oxidize hydrocarbons, and to oxidize A0 to N0 and to vaporize S0. For the diesel engine waste rate. It is known in the industry that the gas is converted into sulfur because it causes particle pollution to be a very undesired catalytic activity. The temperature of the exhaust gas after the chemical agent has been cold-named 2 2 Zhao, another ##面,# passed through the nanometer-scale sulfate particles; When the i-sulfonium salt condensation temperature is below, it will form inside. Soot and sulphate can be combined with soot particles to collect the converter to fully cool the effect of the formation of wet brown particles. Can achieve pollution. It should also be noted that Ν (^ can efficiently oxidize the S0 of the exhaust gas with high efficiency. Since NO is oxidized to about 2020% of the efficiency of oxidation to N〇2. The way together with the sulphate compound, the second skin permeable = converter Washing waste water with water c. Exhaust gas cooling system is used to cool the exhaust gas device @ 丨做# If water is available and 1β is based on the characteristics of the engine application and liquid cooling medium. When the waste day f = case to use heat The transfer mode gas leaves the oxidation catalyst 1 under the glory of the phoenix,

1304850 V. Description of invention (12) Applied to the radiating exhaust section 60. The radiant section 60 is characterized by having a large surface area or a large tube, and the surface finish layer has the highest radiation characteristics, such as no light black. This is followed by an air/exhaust heat exchange section 70. This section 70 relies on the relative speed of the outside air passing through the exhaust pipe due to the movement of the vehicle. The exhaust pipe is corrugated in the axial direction to enlarge its surface area. Multiple fittings can also be used. All fittings must be exposed to the wind force factor. The last section is the liquid/exhaust gas heat exchanger 80. This section 80 relies on the use of liquids such as engine coolant (usually used in automobiles) or water to provide the necessary cooling effect. It should be noted that the exhaust gas temperature of most diesel engines can reach approximately 900 °F to 1 0 0 °F at full load. The inlet exhaust gas temperature of the target to the converter is approximately 205°F to 300°F. In the case of a sufficient cooling effect supply (eg water) and the need to scrub N0, the exhaust gas temperature must be further reduced to approximately 1500 °F to 200 °F after the converter. The choice of these three different cooling mechanisms varies greatly depending on the engine application. In general, the radiant section 60 clearly provides the highest cooling effect and the lowest price. The second or third cooling mechanism may be used together or separately, depending on the application. D. Particle Contaminant Converter, Full Aggregation Figures 3, 4, 6 and 7 further depict one of the particulate contaminant converters 1000 preferred embodiment. The intake section 1 0 1 of the converter 100 is circulated into the space by gradually expanding the air flow channel that enters the space between the outer cover 1 1 3 and the agglomerator 1 0 2 The agglutinator supplies gas to minimize pressure drop. The agglutination section 1 0 2 in the converter 100 is a single-shell or as shown in Figures 3 and 4

Page 16 1304850 V. Description of the invention (13) is the surface area shown in Figures 6 and 7 to enhance the flow of air to the airflow system in a row - the treatment in the channel depends on the exhaust gas from the condensation, to select a part of the normal, through The centrifugal flow of the particles is inward and inward toward the inner core. The agglutinator is small, and the side of the abundance is allowed to be captured by the lower side of the wire on the outer layer. The front of the agglutinator is shown in Figure 10. Thickness of the agglutinator

The multi-tube design is shown. In these two embodiments, a large agglutination efficiency is required. In the multi-tubular design shown in Figures 6 and 7, the centrifugal separator. In the single-shell agitator of Figures 3 and 4, the process is fed to the centrifugal separator. Therefore, the flow rate at each is part of the total airflow. The travel path from the collector to the inner tube 104 and the length of the agglutinator select the flow within the channel. The intention of treating the total airflow in each channel is because it reduces the turbulence and turbulence effects. This effect limits the process of particle contaminant separation by keeping the separated material in the inner diameter of the aggregator while the clean exhaust pipe migrates. Constructed from a composite wire mesh medium with a packing density of a variable wire large 24A. The upstream of the aggregator 102 is made of a thick steel wire of dense density and gradually changed to a thin steel wire of a downstream end density, as shown in Fig. 10. This selection criterion captures large particle contaminants while at the same time being denser and denser with smaller sized particle contaminants. This strategy has the highest particle size and uniform soot loading distribution across the media, while low energy. In addition, there is an opening on the upstream side of the aggregator that captures the inside of the aggregator and prevents the soot layer (caking) from becoming exhausted resulting in an increase in pressure drop. The degree of agglomerated particle contaminants ranges from about 1 Omm to about 30 faces, and the mean of the large _ is about 1 Oirnn to 2 Omm. This thickness is together with the wire

Page 17 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (14) Product:: Ash ash tree crystals combined with low flow rates can get the highest efficiency from diesel nanometer-sized particles, capable of particles;:;=,:”°4 to 105. Significantly reduce the toxic pollutants of the exhaust gas - block == collector compared with other conventional soot filtration technologies such as wall flow plastic sheet 2 ίίϊ, the wall thickness of the latter device is average from L1 to .3: 'make it to capture submicron The level and the nano-levels are more effective. The method of exhausting the car is more intensive. During the process of habit i, a large amount of 亳-micron particles will be formed, and the maximum amount of production will be reached at the time of waste. 〇〇τ 1 0 0 0 F range cooling to approximately 25 〇 _3 〇〇卞 will force a large number of nanometer ίί converter front. Xianxin is responsible for the remaining nanometer particle count, dike formation v〇c compound light fraction The oxidation catalyst, the helium gas cooling, and the agglomerator and enthalpy effect of the present invention provide the highest nanometer particle count reduction degree before the exhaust gas leaves the tail pipe in the whole industry. E. Centrifugal separator Preferred embodiment of the invention The centrifugal separator is depicted in Figures 3, 4 and 7. The centrifugal separation of Figure 3 consists of an auger 5 mounted on a concentric core tube j. The exhaust from the aggregator is continuously uniform. The mode is sent to the full length of the centrifugal separator. The concentric core tube is equipped with a window 10 which is equidistantly spaced along the flow path. The windows are spaced apart by about 12 沿 in the direction of rotation of the auger. Do not use the window to the air inlet of the auger. Use a little 忒 (coher; si〇n) baffle 1〇3 to make the airflow gradually form a spiral motion.

Page 18 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (15) The airflow in the channel is established, and the cohesive plate gradually moves toward the inner core tube in the radial direction. Therefore, the cohesive plate starts from the outer diameter and spirally moves toward the inner core. Approximately 1.5 turns of auger rotation is required to establish the entire rotating airflow channel. No window is used in the section where the rotating airflow channel is constructed. The first window was used at 120 ° after the end of the cohesive plate to allow the particles to separate within the venting layer adjacent to the core tube. Thereafter, the window is designed to capture a clean layer of exhaust gas flow at a rate corresponding to the incoming gas flow rate from the agglomerator. This allows the flow rate within the gas flow channel to remain substantially constant. The selection of the initial section of the centrifugal separator and the position of the first window establishes the number of rotation cycles of the exhaust gas prior to entering the window. In general, about two cycles of rotation are sufficient to separate agglomerated particles having a particle size greater than about 2 microns. The higher the number of rotation cycles, the cleaner the exhaust gas. Figures 1 1 and 12 depict the typical particle separation (migration) effect by centrifugal separator, plotted as a function of particle size v s . The particle migration of a complete cyclone (3 60 0. rotation) is represented by the path between two successive arrows. It is obvious that the radial migration of larger particles is faster than that of small particles. However, there are two phenomena that have a negative impact on the radial migration of particles within the centrifugal separator: turbulence and vortex effects. Both of these phenomena have been studied by stereoscopic fluid-mechanical analysis using aerosol models of particles of different sizes. The vortex effect has a dominant effect on the smaller particles and can cause the particles to migrate in the opposite direction of the centrifugal direction, resisting the desired separation. However, the vortex _P 艮 is localized in the vicinity of both sides of the auger, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. Therefore, the window is selected to avoid the vortex area to prevent contaminated exhaust gas from entering the window again.

Page 19 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (16) During the test, we observed through experiments that small particles larger than 0 microns or larger have not completely integrated or may have been broken down into smaller ones due to turbulence or vortex effect. The particles are concentrated on the outer surface of the core tube, and the observation results contradict the effect of centrifugation. We assume that these small particles are brought to the core tube by the vortex effect and then collected by particle collection. These particles are considered to be escapers, agglomerate on the surface of the irritating tube, and then, once their size reaches a certain threshold, ensure that the particle has sufficient drag effect to begin to move the particles in the direction of the airflow, although only A small part of all particles migrated. Means no = almost completely catch up with the window stream. Take some headers. 2: ΐ: ί ΐ! The upper 17 or separator, as shown in Figure 9, is installed in front of the window. The radial migration of the particles is sufficient for the radial distance to avoid entering the window space for airflow. Because of particle inertia, some particles - independent of the flow path of the airflow into the window. This phenomenon is called unequal motion (nQn_isQkinetic). The clean exhaust stream enters the window in a progressive manner. The clean exhaust gas collected in the core tube is released into the atmosphere. All agglomerated particles remain separated and accumulate in a continuous square, outside or near the outer diameter of the centrifugal separator. Part of the waste downstream of the centrifugal separator carries all of the separated particles and is directed to an outlet or an electric incinerator. This part of the exhaust gas is called the sweep stream (scavenger Π ow)>. The exit mechanism is shown in the cross-sections of Figures %, 6C and 7C. The cleaning spiral 1 1 2 is used to assist the sweeping flow to exit through the gas outlet 1丨6. In an electric incinerator 11 7 as a component of a particulate pollutant converter

Page 20 1304850 V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION (17) In the case of use, as shown in Fig. 4, two conical screen assemblies are connected at their ends to the inner core tube 1 1 1 and the outer casing 1 1 5 'and two matches The ends are tied together to provide a large surface area required to maintain a low flow rate of exhaust gas through the composite screen assembly. The sweeping flow is divided into two conical sieve assemblies. The surface area is multiplied by doubling the number of conical sieve assemblies (not shown).

F. Incinerator, Preferred Embodiment A The composite screen assembly is depicted in Figures 24A and 24B*. These screens have different work. The first screen 120 is selected to have large woven wire and wide openings. The downstream side of the screen 120 is coated with an electrically insulating material (e.g., a ceramic material). The screen 1 20 is connected to a 12 volt or 24 volt power supply. The second screen i 21 is substantially identical to the first screen 1 20 except that electrical insulation is applied to the face entangled with the screen 120. The third screen 122 is a barrier screen and is selected to have an opening of 50 microns. The fourth screen 1 2 3 is a thick steel screen and is selected as two; the screens 120, 121 and 122 provide structural support. The ceramic coating on the entangled side of the first and second 121 provides a double protection against shorting of the screen metal. ', at: f two in accordance with the successor sequence of the present invention through the screen assembly ash concentrated on the outer surface of the screen 122 as a barrier. The soot has been suspected to continue to accumulate the soot layer in the direction until it / / and the second screen 12 () and 121 smoke / 12G. Focus on the bare touch. Because of the high electrical conductivity of soot, 丄: two passes through the ash layer. The soot is added with Sit in three to six seconds and aerobic in the sweeping stream. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The bare metal of the first and second divisions 121 and 122 can be

Page 21 1304850 Five turn, invention description (18) "~~~' ——____ Coating. Precious metal coatings will reduce the soot point and incinerate the process. In addition to the presence of a platinum coating, the :: method greatly promotes incineration procedures that maintain high efficiency at low levels. The oxygen in the exhaust gas, C〇, C0 and water, is burned, and the by-product of the corpse is 122. “All the harmless gases can pass through the third sieve ash deposits, which may interfere with the operation of the incinerator when they are gradually piled up in the first and second screens 120 and L. The ash of the bottom of a chamber in the incinerator is dissipated by the ash; the ash furnace can use the back pressure pulsation through a sub-program of the line guarantee assembly only occurs in the local area where the soot deposit reaches the one-two-two indication. This makes the incineration procedure The intermittent route is at a very low flow rate across the composite screen, soot negative = continuity. The f-program is considered to be - controlled, the amount, the exhaust gas temperature between the 7 and the downstream side is not observed. Upstream; invasive with high chemical resistance of non-scale: with a choice of special alloys for carbon and: (for example, called alpha human::: pen chromium and aluminum containing sieve material is very sufficient. Qiao α. Commercial grade alloy) 6% off the converter using an incinerator for use as an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), thus having particulate contaminants and 70 engine inlets. Air filter connection Full drive force T in air filtration cleanup (EGR) flow After that, the vacuum pressure is - constructed. However, the wake-up is small and the system $column is completely passive, and the subsequent N0 reduction rate is not

1304850 V. Description of invention (19) South is in the range of 1 5 - 2 0_%. In addition, with the bow, the negative pressure after the air clearing the component is very low, so two turns

flow. There is no EGR G. soot collection chamber that can replace the other preferred embodiment of the incinerator, a soot collection chamber 170. The soot chamber 170 is a simple compartment 丄3 and 14^: one is used as a gas outlet for the purge air inlet 172 and is at the upper garth '〃, the second air outlet at the bottom with an exhaust outlet 17 3. Leave this compartment as clean as described above for exhaust gas recirculation. The cleaned exhaust gas turned into the soot chamber has two compartments separated by a sieve 1 74. · Gray barrier. In addition to the small flow sweep stream, the sieve 174 is selected to have an Is. #古·/ surface area and has a void of less than about 50 microns to obtain a crossover, flow rate. This causes the 彳 1 74 to be deposited as a layer (agglomerate) on the surface of the barrier soot/screen 74 which blocks the soot agglomerated soot. As more and more household soot continues to accumulate on the underside of the screen, these layers eventually fall to the bottom of the chamber due to the shocking load of the vehicle. The use of a system in which the spring and the steel ball vibrate at their natural frequencies enhances the process of releasing the soot layer. The vibration system is excited by road vibration and engine vibration. The ash room is designed to collect a truck for three to six months of production = soot, depending on the soot level of the engine. The soot is concentrated, and the lower half of the chamber does not exceed the sieve. An incinerator can be used in this room. The soot, incineration benefit consists of two rows of staggered stainless steel tubes coated with platinum, and the crucible 4 is at the bottom. Hey. Connect to a 12 volt or 24 volt power supply than the ground and above. Bridging the gap between the grounding pipe and the electric pipe

Page 23 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (20) Ash is continuously incinerated. The incinerator used in the soot chamber is durable and simple in design. The incinerator by-product is a harmless gas that circulates to the engine inlet as part of the EGR system. Diesel applications using active platinum oxidation catalysts will cyanide S0 into sulfate compounds and should be replaced by soot collection. This is simply because the sulfate compound cannot be incinerated. Recycling the sulphate compound to the engine as part of EGR can cause unwarranted damage to the engine's intake system. This results in a preferred embodiment in which the soot is concentrated in the soot chamber i and finally processed into a soot pellet in a soot processing drum 220, most of which is referred to as carbon b 1 ack. Goods are sold. The ash room 170 is emptied by connecting the second air outlet 178 at the bottom of the compartment 170 to the soot processing drum 2.20, temporarily plugging the tail pipe of the truck and operating the engine in a nearly idling state. About five minutes. The engine exhaust stream sweeps the soot that is concentrated in the bottom of the soot chamber 170 into the soot drum.烟. Ash processing drums It is best to replace the incineration soot with the method of collecting soot. The soot processing drum shown in Figures 17 and 18 is used. The function of the drum 200 is to separate the soot and collect the soot into the bottom of a cavity and periodically compress until a compressed solid pellet is formed. The pellets are released into a container (plastic bag) for sale as a chemical for the transportation of goods such as printing. Sulfate and sulfuric acid are collected together with the soot and the pellets may appear brown. The soot drum 200 includes an intake stream distribution auger 201. Two or four concentric conical barrier screens 20 2 are installed in the surrounding space. The back side of the screen 2 0 2 is connected to the gas outlet manifold 2 0 3 . The outlet manifold 20 3 is connected to a vacuum booster blower

Page 24 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (21) 2 〇 4, the latter is used to cause the second degree of filling to drive the minimum flow through the roller 200. When the agglomerated soot is concentrated on the screen 20 2, a soot layer is accumulated and the counter pressure across the screen 2 0 2 is increased. Therefore, the 'required' mechanism blows off these soot layers. Two comparative examples are used: counter-pressure pulsation as shown in Fig. 17 or a shaker shaker as shown in Fig. 18. The counter pressure pulsation is composed of a small compressor 205 which inputs high pressure air into an air tank 206. The air tank 206 is connected in a pipeline to the back of the Xue 2 〇 2 and releases high pressure air via a control valve 207. Valve 2 0 7 is periodically activated to allow high pressure air to flow to the back side of the screen 2 0 2 to release the soot block. The released soot falls to the bottom of the cavity. The use of a spring-loaded check valve 2 0 8 prevents the bypass of the air. At the core of the drum 200 there is a motorized spindle 2 〇 9 that urges the compactor 210 to press the dropped soot down into the cylindrical cavity until a specific, predetermined load is reached. Stop the motor and return the compactor to the upper position for the second cycle. / After repeating the compaction cycle, the pellets grow until they reach a certain height. An electrical signal indicates that a complete pellet has been formed and another motor power spindle 21 has moved the bottom retaining plate 212 from the cavity. In the subsequent operation cycle of the motor core: 20 9 , the compactor rushes the pellet to the bottom Pingji 2 1 4 . The pellet is released into the bag 2 1 2 for removal of shipping. The operation of the two motor spindles is performed by a microprocessor (not shown) (four) having the aforementioned steps: logic. The soot processing/system is activated when it is connected to the soot collection room (turning on the second=two, the procedure takes an average of five minutes for the truck. Since the & studio may take three to six months of truck operation, one Soot

Page 25 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (22) _ At least 10 to as many as hundreds of cards release another layer of the soot layer for service. The chestnut (pUlsator) or the full-acting shaker 218 that shakes the mechanical release of the screen 202 as shown in Fig. 提供 provides the soot----in terms of the V0C content is high and the soot is moist mu-in terms, Fully functioning off the screen 202. As far as the application conditions are concerned, the reverse pulse ^ = is the middle and the smoke is eight (9). The V0C pavilion is divided into low and the soot is better. On the other hand, the actuator scheme is better, because in the case of 1 money, the machine pulsates the pump / shakes W /, and the single and lightly turns... quasi-aggregation / filtration. Source application. H is expected to be used for mobile. It is shown as a ^^ or multiple compartments with two compartments. Figure 20 uses a preferred embodiment. In a double compartment configuration; The formula should be within. The flow of each air is led to such as 4 into the 隔 ~ into two nets or - composite wool over _ _ and - composite wire system - with low pressure drop = gray:;:; = On the other hand, the use of an agglutination medium with an appropriate niece = order. With a filtering function. • Depends on the exhaust gas, :: $ keeps the screen will provide - the attached sergeant agglomerates the smoke on the upstream side of the exhaust stream These phenomena will improve the composite steel wire mesh; can form the Xia 2 soot collection efficiency; and with the increase of pressure drop. The quality of the soot retains the capacity 2 Figure 19 is the flat quasi-aggregation / over-conversion converter and twist The air inlet to the compartment and inflated 2 5 5. The partition b allows the knife to be opened. Each compartment has a quasi-aggregation/filtering knife . Sliding door mechanism 265 is depicted in FIG 23 to the air outlet Falcon - Passive sigh dried fruits thereof and the exhaust gas almost

1304850 V. Description of invention (23) Delivery. A passive incinerator 2 800 Embodiment B is depicted in Figure 25. The quasi-aggregation/filter media of Figure 19 can be fabricated as one or more layers with different design strategies. To achieve maximum soot retention capacity and efficiency, the upstream layer is designed to capture larger particulate contaminants. The downstream layer is designed to capture smaller size particulate contaminants. This results in a nearly uniform soot loading in the medium and reduces the ratio of back pressure buildup to upper soot loading. Figures 24A and 24B depict three layers of steel wool and three layers of steel wool and screen, respectively. The upper layer of steel wool has an average fiber diameter of 16 6 to 25 microns (also known as average hydraulic fiber diameter) and has a packing density of 3% to 6% (the stacking density is defined as the solid weight of the steel wool to the same volume) Percentage of steel weight). The sieve may have a mesh count of 5 Ox 5 0 or 2 Ox 50 (defined as the number of openings per inch). Subsequent layers will have smaller fiber diameters, higher packing densities, and higher net count per inch, such as 2 5 - 3 5 micron fiber diameter, 4% to 8% stack density, and 75 x 75 mesh, ΙΟΟχ 100 mesh or 4Ox 1 0 0 mesh. Soots with a higher percentage of VOCs will require larger fiber sizes, lower packing densities, and lower mesh counts to cope with the 'gummy effect' that would increase the pressure drop. Another preferred embodiment of the quasi-agglomerated/filtered particulate contaminant converter is a circular configuration as shown in Figure 22. The wire mesh medium of this embodiment is based on a cylindrical design in which the wire mesh is cylindrical, the separator piece is cylindrical, and the outer cover is also cylindrical. The converter can also have one or more compartments. This embodiment is useful for certain truck applications, such as those with vertical silencers. Figure 22 depicts a typical circular configuration with two compartments. All elements and logic of this circular embodiment are essentially implemented in a flat form

Page 27 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (24) The examples are the same. J. Reverse Pulse Jet System When the composite wire mesh/steel wool medium becomes full of soot on the upstream side, the soot dendrite migrates in the direction of the gas flow. The downstream layer of the medium is finally loaded with soot, and when a certain threshold is exceeded, the soot will begin to blow off (in the state of agglomerated particles). Therefore, the soot collection efficiency of the medium begins to deteriorate and may eventually have a very low value. Once the soot blow off threshold is reached, a reverse pulse jet is initiated. This condition is triggered when the pressure drop across the converter reaches a threshold. By pulsing the high pressure compressed air against the downstream side of the wire mesh, the collected soot will blow away in the opposite direction of the incoming raw exhaust stream. The reverse pulse jet system is designed to blow a sufficient amount of soot from the accumulated soot amount that would allow the wire mesh media to be unloaded. The soot that is blown off is deposited by gravity at the bottom of the compartment. To prevent the soot from being agitated by the incoming exhaust gas, a perforated screen is inserted into the lower compartment of each compartment. The soot falls through the hole in the sieve. The exhaust gas passes over the top of the screen, and the soot contained under the screen is trapped because it does not flow. It is preferable to perform high-pressure air pulsation at a low exhaust gas flow such as an idling state or an engine shutdown. It is best to maximize the effect of soot ejection. The direction of the exhaust stream is opposite to the direction of the pulsed air, so the exhaust stream can have a counteraction to the pulsed jet. In addition, in order to maximize the effect of the pulse jet, a sliding door is used at the clean exhaust outlet of each compartment. The door is temporarily closed for a fraction of a second to two seconds during pulsing to ensure that all pulsed air passes through the wire mesh media. K. Control logic of pulse jet system

Page 28 1304850 —---- V. Description of the invention (25) The main control logic of the present invention; the accumulation of soot on the mesh medium, with the pulse: the interval between the steel and the medium 2 in the real world Vehicle operation* paid. However, the pressure drop is also limited by the pressure drop measurement; the pressure drop is measured during the measurement of the pressure drop, = 2 due to the good operation in the vehicle. Cycling vehicles m = does not mean that the medium is full of soot. However, the high pressure drop that occurs repeatedly during L· ^ ^ 'month can be used as a field for the soot loading threshold of the medium. The mussel I to the high pressure drop threshold is therefore ' When the control logic is extended to a fixed value, the pulsing, the Ϊ r is, and the total accumulated time reaches the pre-predicted value θ 1 to start the pulsation procedure. The threshold of the high pressure drop threshold is on the range of the water column. The typical threshold value of the threshold between the pressure threshold and the above-mentioned “t%” is the typical control logic for the three-to-five reverse-pulse jets. The start of the one-pulse jet cycle in the Fan® of Fig. 4 In the private order, other conditions must be met.讦 卜. The engine RPM must be close to empty :: related to the lead: the vehicle is simply reached when it stops.帛Second condition: y raw empty groove is filled again with a pulse impact on the next compartment required = two to two intervals of two minutes to ten minutes, depending on the high voltage on the vehicle 2: | control logic diagram 26. Gate source oxygen source and 疋 L · Incinerator - preferred embodiment, b"

Page 29 1304850 '---_____ V. INSTRUCTIONS (26) Best for planar or circular implementations &> ^ The devices are electrically insulated from each other and alternately charged ^=: Figure 4? Incineration is solid Plate or multiwell plate. The composition of the heart. That! The plate is composed of recorded steel and the high-activity catalyst is the best. In the case of the good temperature, it is best to flatten = ##. In use - burning due to gravity, exhaust gas pulsation, and road surface = slightly inclined to accommodate: soot incinerator migration. Once the soot bridges C and the vibration is negative, the vibration is turned into the gap and the incinerator is activated. The adjacent; the discharge. The current of the rapid incineration of the soot is set to be large, and the volume is large enough to store the ash (incineration operation). By-products. The two-pass device will require periodic dismantling and ashing. This cleaning interval is paid at any point within the range of 25〇〇0 to 15000 miles. Pollutant emissions, Xuanzang • Exhaust gas recirculation rate and driving mileage. The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) included in the present invention solves the main problems encountered in EGR, which is commonly found in diesel applications. The problem is related to insufficient seating force across the (10) terminal under idling and low-load engine operating conditions. This reduces the flow required to achieve the target NQ reduction rate. This condition is quite common during idle and low engine load conditions. A high efficiency shaft, flow booster blower 241 solves this problem. Blower 241 delivers the necessary flow to achieve the desired N0 reduction rate and ensures a continuous sweep flow in all engine operating conditions. High relaxation engine Zhen "tense, (iv) control the blower 241 will be crossed by the stream of high pressure EGR terminal caused by a difference almost as if the EGR control valve and therefore consuming virtually no power. In idle and low engine

Page 30 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (27) Load state 'There is moderate power consumption. The flow is controlled via a simple control unit 242 having logic based on the engine RMP signal 243 and the throttle position signal 244. This arrangement is optimal for diesel texturing applications. The EGR control logic is greatly simplified compared to the OEM's logic. The EGR logic of the present invention is based on a maximum N〇 reduction rate and a minimum fuel loss, but allows for any increase in visible emissions such as particulates, contaminants, HC, and CO. It can be seen that the increase in baseline emissions and particulate contaminants is reduced by the conversion system. The EGR system of the quasi-aggregation/filter converter uses a steering valve 276. Steering valve position 1 is controlled by a signal from an ECU unit as shown in FIG. The unique design of the steering valve accurately delivers EGR flow to the engine intake in a manner that limits the flow area of the tail pipe and thus the pressure in the tail pipe and EGR pipe. The EGR flows into the front of the air inlet of the air intake. This arrangement allows for further removal of the escaped agglomerated particles before they enter the engine intake system. The EGR strategy of the present invention solves the major known problems associated with eg R and has to be summarized as: (1) using an enhanced blower to enhance and control EGR flow; (2) EGR flow has been removed may block or contaminate the engine intake system And (3) the exhaust gas is cooled to a low temperature before entering the particulate pollutant converter. The return EGR line provides additional cooling. Exhaust gas recycled back to the engine can be considered as a supercooled EGR that addresses issues related to volumetric efficiency and engine performance. N. Water scrubber Injecting water into the exhaust pipe after the converter in the case where water is available

Page 31 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (28) To capture the active N-hydrazine in the exhaust stream. Water scrubbers also capture sulfate compounds. Alkaline can be added to the water to enhance NO capture efficiency. 0. System Operation In most stationary applications, the system consists of a small diesel oxidation catalyst and a converter. At the start of the engine, the mist and the oxidation catalyst did not work. These VOCs and particulate contaminants form condensation. These particles in the small-turn state of the condensing tube during the engine warm-up period, the exhaust gas temperature and flow centrifugal separation effect is greatly reduced, however, this phenomenon significantly reduces the engine idling by the other two internal turbulence and vortex effects. State), the dynamic resistance acting on the trap is greatly reduced. This will reduce the migration and make the mode of operation. In this case, the agglutinator will be reduced. The net effect is still to eliminate the waste. As the engine warms and the engine load is added to activate the oxidation catalyst, the light fraction of the VOCs compound is burned to reduce the exhaust gas temperature to 25 〇 - the exhaust gas is cooled to 2 5 0 - 3 0 Fan i uses the system shown in Figures 1 and 2. This system cools the exhaust line and the particulate contaminant section. A short burst of intense smoke occurs, but the VOCs are cooler. In other words, agglutination is collected with high efficiency in a liquid or solid nano-sized particle. Cooling cooling effect. It is low at low engine load and empty. Therefore, within the cyclone separator, the centrifugal separation of the particles is attenuated. Phenomenon offset: soot remains low in the agglutinator. When the flow rate of the exhaust gas is low (for example, the void of the soot dendrite in the wire mesh causes the soot in the composite wire mesh medium to change from the agglutination mode to the retention mode as a filter. The turbulent flow and the vortex are also gaseous particulate pollutants. And V〇Cs substances. Large 'exhaust gas temperature and flow rate increase. This leads to hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and cooling pipes. It provides the function of the target engine to operate at a low temperature of 300 °F. 丨 can reduce the exhaust gas flow from the full load state 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (29) As much as 40% ^ In addition, by reducing the exhaust gas from 9〇〇_1〇〇〇卞 to 3〇0-2 50°F, the exhaust gas viscosity can be reduced by 4%. Compared with no: the net effect of the converter of the pipeline is to reduce the coefficient of reduction of the cross-particle pollutants and the cooling force up to 3·· This coefficient is the key to comply with the engine-pressure pressure specification and it causes lower The fuel loss damper* can provide a sound reduction function, and the back pressure in the case of 4 conversion can be a wash. The net effect is that it will not cause fuel loss in the case of the converter. Increase. Change to turn micro = Ξ other f know Considering, intervening, steel mesh agglutination 11 is obviously the most effective medium for capturing sub-classes. The particle trapping mechanism in steel mesh media is 2 J-pull: inertial impact, interception, and expansion. The diameter is ineffective, but as long as the particle size is increased, there will be a significant quasi-efficiency. Diesel exhaust gas is characterized by an average of about 0.1 micro ϋ jt particles and a considerable amount of nano-order particles ° particle collection < i^' has become the mainstream mode for capturing diesel soot particles. A large number of random β-movements of the Brownian an movement have collided with gas molecules and thus tend to deflect the gas streamline A's such particles. It is deposited on these rigid surfaces after collision with rigid surfaces (such as fiber surfaces or between interfibers, soot particles, small particles). The equation representing I~ fiber collection efficiency (diffusion mode) and overall collection efficiency is shown below. : The single fiber collection efficiency (F d) of the diffusion mode is: hair = 2.7 pe 〆 1 + 〇. 39d corpse • at 1 + 〇. 624 y ·

Page 33 1304850 V. Inventive Note (30) where Pe is the Peclet number calculated by the following formula:

Pe = Vdf/D where V is the linear gas velocity, df is the effective fiber diameter and D is the diffusion coefficient or the particle diffusivity, which is calculated as D = C Kb Τ/37Γ β gdp where C is the Cunningham correction coefficient ( Cunningham correction factor), Kb is the Boltzman constant, T is the absolute gas temperature, // g is the gas viscosity, dp is the particle diameter, and Kn is the Knuds en number calculated by the following formula:

Kn = 2λ /df where = the mean free path of the gas molecules, d f = the effective fiber diameter. The overall collection efficiency of the fiber medium is: where: a is the fiber packing density and Η is the filter thickness. The above equation applies only to particle collection in diffusion mode, which is the main mode. The other two modes of particle collection are directly ignored because they are not effective, but when they are taken into account, the total collection efficiency will increase slightly. Solving the above equation for different particle size values shows that the efficiency of a single fiber increases exponentially with decreasing particle size. For example, a particle having a particle size of 1.0 micron has a single impact fiber efficiency of 0.01. The particles having a particle size of 0.1 μm have a single fiber intercepting efficiency of 0.007 and a single diffusing fiber efficiency of 0.05. The particle size is in the range of nanometers, for example, 0.02 micrometers (20 nanometers)

Page 34 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (31) ~~~~~-~~_ The particles have a single fiber interception efficiency of 0.00 0 1 and a diffusion efficiency of the raft. These examples are based on the case of α =0.005 'df = 10 μm; typical wire mesh media with only eight minutes/second and T = 200 °C. 〃, V-8? Also note that the above equation is for green fiber soot tree dendrite stackers). - Once the soot has begun to accumulate, it has the effect of being as high as the minimum fiber size. The S-class of the nano-particles of the first-order particles (that is, the number of captured particles is only one of the replies to the fiber medium). In the 105-input granules, the wire size is large and The average spacing of the wires is set to allow the collection/capture of dendrites to migrate away from the fibers. This feature data shows that the tobacco dendrites are captured on the fiber medium. Patterns collected from particles measured from metal fibers. This has led to the terminology of Green UJ showing excellent agglQmerat〇r), which refers to a new type of fiber. The skilled artisan will understand the main retention efficiency of the filter and the aggregator, and the filter retention efficiency is high. The difference is that it is zero. In diesel engine applications, the rate of idling and full load: always large. In the idling state, the aggregator is amorphous because of low L 2 and can accumulate a large amount of soot. Under full load; over 2 into the soot has more agglomerated soot dendrites. However, ^ : ° people walk more than the medium load and full load state of the wide range of operations to see the idling, (capture) ... zero ... collector Nate 2 set to maintain this situation is self-correcting. | Ashes are blown away ”::’ % &

Page 35 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (32) - More soot buildup occurs in the area and thus reaches equilibrium with the rest of the medium. The back pressure across the particle contaminant converter can increase by about 50% over a long idle state of five =, day ±. When the engine speed is increased from 8 〇 〇 ^ to 1100 RPM for five to ten seconds, the back pressure drops by 40%. This is a self-correcting mode for excessive soot accumulation. ^ Aggregated particles can be guided: incineration occurs at the point where the incinerator _ 'has reached the point where the soot buildup forms a circuit. Because of the high electrical conductivity of the soot, a rush immediately heats the soot. In the presence of oxygen in the exhaust gas and the presence of a platinum coating on the incinerator screen, the soot and ash are incinerated very quickly at low temperatures (usually within 3 to 5 seconds). Since the incineration occurs intermittently on the incinerator screen, the temperature rise downstream of the incinerator is not significant. Moreover, because the amount of soot incinerated at a given location is limited, the oxygen content in the exhaust gas is limited, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas across the screen is very low, the local temperature rise is not much and does not cause damage to the sieve. The by-product of incineration is CO 2. Η 2〇 and ash. The ash falls to the bottom of the incinerator cavity due to vibration and gravity. Due to the large size of this cavity, this cavity needs to be able to collect a cumulative amount of ash equivalent to 20,000 to 40 mile miles before being cleared. However, the recommended clearing interval is 1 500 〇 to 2 0 0 〇 〇 〇 里. The exhaust gas leaving the incinerator has cleared particulate contaminants and is low temperature. It can be used as “EGR to moderately reduce NO emission rate. In the case where a large reduction in NO emission rate is expected”, a booster pump is used to increase and control EGR flow. The control logic of the booster system is considered to maintain sweeping at low engine load. Flow and ensure proper flow of exhaust gas recirculation for maximum NO reduction. To minimize the impact on fuel costs, 'controlled EGR flow is supplied in all engine operating conditions.

Page 36 1304850 Five-in-one introduction, invention description (33) _ The lack of EGR control logic is to make the engine block 'because the post-processing system is very effective in reducing the amount of cooling water supply that is the most adequate. ^, such excess emissions. In applications where the N0 reduction rate is higher than the EGR used or used in irrigation, it is recommended to use an active platinum oxidation to catalyze the chance of twinning. In this case, thiocyanate, and depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas, 5 〇, 7 此 this catalyst allows S0 to be ammoniated to form an acid salt to be collected together with the particulate pollutants, and the limit of No is oxidized to N0 π 巯 to less than sulfuric acid. The temperature of the salt condensation temperature is constant and the exhaust gas must be in the cooler. Leaving the converter's exhaust gas, the light pollutants are collected and converted into 2〇〇-15〇. This allows the temperature to be captured by the water to be reduced to - the addition of alkaline substances. N0 breaks into the water and forms a nitrate body. Most—good water additions have a small impact on large amounts of water, and for high dilutions of the acidity, it may be beneficial to concentrate sulfuric acid and particulate contaminants in extreme applications. The points are discharged into the water instead of being discharged and empty. In the ash chamber, the nitric acid unit is subjected to a transient mode operation of a small g oil post-treatment hardware. The key factor is the use of hardware. It needs to be modified to reduce the size and complexity of using a quasi-aggregation/passage medium. This guide is characterized by low filtration efficiency and is developed for j. The rate of this media is high. The presence of the filter screen is effective with the collection efficiency after the pyrotechnics. The soot collection efficiency is on the upper two sides of the upstream side. At this time, depending on the engine emissions, the time remains roughly stable after the composite medium is installed. The J-force drop here continues to increase. 4_specific pressure; blow off the work and become the start of the beginning of the soot purple load cycle =: the medium needs to be regenerated, but there is some soot

Page 37 1304850 V. INSTRUCTIONS (34) remain in the composite medium to maintain high soot collection efficiency. The use of this jet technology. The typical collection effect of the quasi-media showing the starting point of the _ = cycle is the K 2 7 0 reverse pulse jet technology, the most common idiot ^ &seconds; it can be in the engine ... at a few points - : Therefore, the exhaust gas will weaken and flow in the opposite direction of the exhaust gas flow, and the soot is blown away from the medium: the effect of the jet flow. - Once the pulsation is started, another smog will be taken. The test will be carried out on an old type 1 985 year old 柴 Λ 本 本 、 、 、 、 、 、 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色 绿色Rate. In a chemicalizer that accumulates about 4 miles, there is a 4% ash filter effect. Operation 500 miles will be at 55 mph. J rate 2: ± 0%. Continue with 0. Then, with a high-pressure air pulse, the back pressure is temporarily raised by two to 60 inches. We also observe the § 'system. Since then, the collection efficiency has not been reduced to help reduce the growth rate. In the inspection of the unit of the wide function of the screen, (4) f mass deposits. Κ:ΐί ί::::According to the vibration of the data, it is a solution. This can reduce the back pressure. Driving 1 〇. . Work: Face inducement Remove approximately one pound of soot from the bottom of the two compartments. After that, in the mid-term - the converter with the incinerator is 1 to J =

In the case where an incinerator is used in conjunction with a converter, the conversion m slope is installed to allow the incinerator to be at the lowest point to assist in the movement of the smoke. It is expected that this one will have a servant · g M M / ^ trophy - & _ incineration I 1304850 five, invention description (35) to 20,000 0 miles as shown in Figure 2 incinerator. This aliquot of the reverse pulse is used for the multi-vehicle pulse jet system to expand in the same way to accommodate the concentrating of the converter soot in each of the soot, a changeable bag, and the basis of the description of the invention in the maintenance plant. The variation from the scavenging accumulation of the present invention has a soot converter and a jet flow system. The reverse pulse is applied to all the pulsed air at the bottom of the smoke. The reverse pulsation of the empty bag is carried out. The truck and the bamin are essentially type-free in this spirit and the ash-free maintenance-free device. The converter for collecting the bag 27 2 does not necessarily need to be installed as one of the bodies of the converter. In fact, this pulse system is fixed and the air system is activated through the exhaust tailpipe and operates in the northerly compartment. The bag should be sized to fill the volume under ambient pressure. Pulsed air sweeps the ash into the bag. For this type of operation, it was swept into the bag during the event. When the bag is full, replace it. I estimate that it will be more every 6 to 30 months. This system arrangement is attractive for at least weekly vehicle modifications. It is merely an example and is therefore intended to be within the scope of the present invention. These variants are not considered to be around.

1304850 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of a fully passive particulate contaminant conversion system for stationary applications, depicting exhaust gas flow in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Figure 2 is a simplified diagram of the particulate contaminant conversion system depicting an exhaust stream that focuses on controlling exhaust gas recirculation in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the particulate contaminant converter with a single agglomeration tube depicting the inlet, agglutination and separation sections, and the gas outlet. Figure 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A of Figure 3. Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3. Figure 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 3. Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the particulate contaminant converter having a two-stage separator integrated into the column and an incinerator. Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A of Figure 4. Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 4. Figure 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 4. Figures 5A and 5B depict detailed cross-sectional views of the integrated incinerator woven screen element and the in-process incineration process. Figure 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a particulate contaminant converter having a plurality of agglomerates. Figure 6A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 6. Figure 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 6. Figure 6C is a cross-sectional view taken along line C_C of Figure 6. Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a particulate pollutant converter having a plurality of agglomerates and a two-stage particle separator. Figure 7A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A of Figure 7.

Page 40 1304850 Schematic description of the drawing Fig. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 7. Figure 7C is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 7. Figure 8 is a side elevational view of an auger within a particle separator having a plurality of discharge openings for attenuating the hum. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the principle of window design and the principle of escape and separation of particles. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a composite wire mesh agglomerator. Figure 11 depicts the results of the analysis of the migration of 2 micron particles and the position of the window as a function of the flow path in the centrifugal separator. The spacing between the two successive arrows corresponds to the rotation of a falling cyclone (3 60 °). Migration. Thus, the graph is produced by a three-dimensional fluid-mechanical analysis and highlights particle migration by the effects of particle size and vortex effects. Figure 12 depicts the migration of 5 micron particles in a centrifugal separator and the analysis of window position. The spacing between the two successive arrows corresponds to the migration due to a full-circle rotational rotation (360°). Figure 13 is a plan view of one of the soot collection chambers. Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of one of the soot collection chambers. Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of a soot collection chamber having an integrated incinerator. Figure 16 is a plan view of a soot collection chamber having an integrated incinerator. Figure 17 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the soot processing drum with reverse pulse jet. Figure 18. A modified cross-sectional view of a soot processing drum with a mechanical shaker. Figure 19 is a simplified diagram of a particulate pollutant converter and EGR system for mobile applications.

1304850 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a quasi-aggregation-filtering particulate contaminant converter and EGR for mobile applications. The figure depicts exhaust gas flow in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Figure 21 is a flat schematic view of an agglomerated-filtered particulate contaminant converter for mobile applications depicting exhaust gas flow that emphasizes different reverse pulse jet architectures and the use of a soot collection bag. Figure 2 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical quasi-agglomerated/filtered particulate contaminant converter for mobile applications. Figure 2 3 A and 2 3B depict the sliding door mechanism in the open position and the closed position, respectively. 24A and 24B are cross-sectional views of an agglomerated/filtered composite wire mesh medium and a fiber-like screen filter medium. Figure 2 5 depicts a passive incinerator arrangement with a particle contaminant converter of Figures 20 and 22. Figure 26 is a control logic diagram for controlling the reverse pulse jet in the quasi-agglomerated/filtered particle contaminant converter. Figure 27 depicts the typical collection efficiency and back pressure characteristics of a mesh medium with or without a filter screen. Figure 28 is a logic diagram depicting the principles of capturing, handling, and destroying VOCs, S0, and N0. Symbol description of components: 1 0 oxidation catalyst 2 0 inlet flow distribution auger 50 exhaust system 6 0 radiation section 7 0 air convection section 8 0 liquid convection section

Page 42 1304850 Schematic description 1 0 0 particle pollutant converter 1 0 2 agglutinator 1 0 3 sticky 104 inner tube 1 0 7 inner 11 0 air inlet section 1 1 1 with 1 1 3 outer cover 1 15 outer 11 7 Simple particle ejector 1 2 0 first screen 121 1 2 3 4th screen 13 0 from 15 0 incinerator 17 0 smoke 173, 178 second gas π 200, 22 0 soot processing drum 2 0 2 concentric conical barrier screen 20 4 vacuum booster blower 2 0 5 small compressor 2 0 7 control 209, 211 motor power spindle 21 3 bottom retaining plate 2 14 bottom 21 8 power shaker 2 4 113⁄4 242 simple control unit 2 4 3 lead 2 5 5 air inlet 2 5 7 points 2 5 8 quasi-aggregation / passing medium 271 air outlet 2 7 2 smoke 101 air inlet section poly (C (Dh ersi on) baffle core tube 1 0 9 province D core tube 11 2 Adhesive shell 1 1'6 Outlet D 12 0 agglomerator - Sieve 12 2 Separator 14 0 Outlet section ash collection - Chamber 171 Outlet D 174 Screen 2 8 0 Passive 2 03 Outlet 2 0 6 Air Groove Valve 2 0 8 spring plus 2 10 compactor platform 2 12 bag efficiency The flow booster blower engine RMP signal 244 valve section 65 from the movable plate 2 is ash collection bags 276 to turn rotary valve plate incinerator valve position signal carrier tube sliding mechanism

Claims (1)

1304850 VI. Scope of Application 1. A diesel exhaust aftertreatment system for removing stale and undetermined pollutants from exhaust gas of diesel engines, the system comprising: an oxidation catalyst; an exhaust gas-diesel dye; and a cooling system for Cooling exhaust gas; machine particle contaminant converter, used to agglomerate and separate the particulate waste - a net exhaust gas flow. 2. Such as the gas cooling system. 3. If the Shenjing is cooled down and cooled to 4', such as Shenliang Pollutant, the lower part of it 5. If Shenyi's exhaust gas flows to a general soot collection room in 6. For example, it is used to collect and keep sleepy. Influent soot; a recirculation system that leaves the particulate contaminant collection chamber to a valve downstream of an engine air filter. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of the first aspect of the patent, wherein the waste system cools the exhaust gas to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of the temperature range of the temperature range of less than one sulfate condensation temperature, wherein the exhaust gas is about 300° F to a temperature of 250 °F to capture the heavy fraction of VOCs, 200 °F to 150 °F to capture sulfate and N0. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of the first aspect of the invention, wherein the collection chamber has first and second compartments separated by a barrier screen for collecting and retaining trapped soot. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of the scope of claim 1 further includes a circulation system to allow clean exhaust gas leaving the particulate pollutant collection chamber to be a valve downstream of the engine air filter. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of the first aspect of the patent, wherein the causticizing agent acts to destroy at least the volatile organic component of the pollutant, which is called a light fraction. Page 44 1304850 6. Patent application scope 7. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein the oxidation catalyst is an active oxidation catalyst, which acts together with the exhaust gas cooling system and the diesel particulate pollutant converter Ammoxidation of the S0 of the diesel exhaust to a sulfate compound is condensed, agglomerated and eventually separated from the exhaust gas leaving one of the tailpipes of the diesel engine. 8. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein the oxidation catalyst is an active oxidation catalyst, which cooperates with the exhaust gas cooling system and the diesel particulate pollutant converter to convert most of the exhaust gas N0 into N0. It is then absorbed by the diesel particulate pollutant converter after it is cooled by water scrubbing, thereby removing a large amount of N0 emissions from the exhaust gas leaving one of the tailpipes of the diesel engine. 9. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas cooling system comprises a radiation mode cooling section, a first convection mode cooling section for cooling the exhaust gas by an ambient air source, and a cooling by a liquid source a second convection mode cooling section of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 9, wherein the radiation mode cooling section comprises one or more tubes having a larger surface area than a conventional tube and having a darkened outer surface, thereby maximizing cooling effect . 11. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 9, wherein the second convection mode cooling section comprises at least one tube having a corrugated shape to increase the portion exposed to wind speed in an unimpeded manner to maximize cooling. 1 2. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 9, wherein the second convection mode cooling section comprises a heat exchanger using a liquid coolant generally used in automotive applications. Page 45 1304850 6 ... Patent Application Range 1 3. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1 wherein the fully agglomerated diesel particulate pollutant converter for agglutinating and separating particulate contaminants from the exhaust gas comprises: a centrifugal separator having a core tube in a radially inner portion of the outer casing, the core tube having a plurality of windows for capturing a clean exhaust stream; an agglomerator; and a plurality of augers from the core The tube extends to the agglomerator such that the exhaust enters the centrifugal separator at an upstream end, is then forced to undergo a cyclonic helical motion and exits at a downstream end. 1 4. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 13 wherein the full agglomeration converter further comprises an inlet section comprising a plurality of cohesive plates to establish an exhaust gas on an upstream side of the particulate pollutant converter The cyclone motion; and an air outlet section comprising a plurality of cohesive plates for sending agglomerated particulate contaminants for subsequent processing. 1 5. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 13 wherein the central core tube captures and collects a clean exhaust layer in a progressive manner such that the clean layers pass through the plurality of windows. 1 6 : The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 15 wherein the plurality of windows are designed such that the clean exhaust layer radially changes the flow direction to the core tube, thereby preventing the escape particles from entering the clean air stream again. . 1 7. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 15 wherein the windows are designed to have openings extending from an intermediate portion of the airflow channel to the auger, the openings terminating a short distance from the auger Distance, borrow Page 46 1304850 VI. Scope of Patent Application This prevents the escape of particulate pollutants caused by vortex phenomena. 18. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 15 wherein the windows are constructed to prevent the escape of the escaped particles by non-isokinetic separation. 19. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 15 further comprising a plurality of particle ejector for injecting escape particles and small particles concentrated on an outer surface of one of the core tubes into the gas stream, The particles will migrate radially and will not enter the window airflow again. An exhaust aftertreatment system as claimed in claim 15 further comprising a concentric outer conduit surrounding the core tube to provide a second stage purge operation to provide a higher rate of separation reduction of the escaped particles. 2 1. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 15 wherein the agglomerator collects the incoming sub-micron and nano-sized particulate contaminants and condenses them into large-sized particles. An exhaust aftertreatment system as claimed in claim 15 wherein the agglomerator has a single cylindrical design integral with and concentric with the core tube. An exhaust aftertreatment system as claimed in claim 15 wherein the agglomerator has a plurality of cylindrical conduits received in front of the particulate pollutant converter. 24. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 15 wherein the condensation collector is comprised of a composite wire assembly having a variable wire size and a dense density, the wire and density of the agglomerator having more than 50 Micron voids to avoid blockages in all engine operating conditions. 2 5 . The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 15 of the patent application, wherein the condensation Page 47 1304850 ~~~s--- VI. The scope of application for patent collection is constructed to start the permanent loading of the cigarettes to capture the nanometer and the second. 26. For example, the patented granule pollutant converter package converter The downstream side carries the agglomerated particulates as the patented normalizer comprises a - and Ϊ = 1 porcelain coating, which is connected to a power supply for the purpose of filtering the structural sieve for providing structural support. 28: If the patent is in the middle of the patent, it is selected from the earth or wrong. • If you apply for a patent, you can use the powerful centrifugal force to ensure the outer diameter. If the patent application Fan Lidrill consists of a plurality of sound pressure waves, the side can be compared with a silencer, and the soot loading ash will be connected to the micro-level grain 15th item with a concentric integral part of the Qingyuan The 26 items of a woven sieve are used to maintain the soot dendrites for a full period of time after the ash granules are resisted, and the extremely high efficiency of the count of the order of 105. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system, wherein the cone incinerator is obtained by sweeping the incinerator through the pipeline. An exhaust gas aftertreatment system, wherein the incinerates are coated with platinum and each entangled into two sides of the incinerator, and the first and second screens are grounded, in the first and second sub-barrier screens, After the barrier screen, the pressure is divided by the pressure drop across the screen assembly to a second exhaust gas aftertreatment system, one of which is one of the oxygen. Exhaust gas aftertreatment system of item 15, wherein the airflow processing causes a rotary cyclone motion, thereby providing an exhaust gas aftertreatment system that separates agglomerated particulate contaminants from the auger of item 29 of the auger, wherein Different size bypass holes are used to abut the holes to match the sound reduction effect provided by a composite wire mesh in the agglutinator. Page 48 1304850 VI. Scope of Application for Patention 3. 1. An exhaust gas aftertreatment system for the removal of established and undetermined pollutants from exhaust gas from diesel engines. The system includes: a casing; a quasi-agglomerated/filtered composite wire mesh medium ; a separator; an air pulsation system; an electric pressure switch; an electronic control module (ECU); an incinerator. 3 2. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 31, wherein the quasi-aggregation/filter converter comprises an intake section for diffusing the incoming exhaust gas to the compartment; and an outlet section for performing the cleaning exhaust operation. 3 3. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 31, wherein one compartment constitutes an intake expansion sub-compartment, a quasi-aggregation/filter medium. 3. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 33, wherein the quasi-agglomeration medium collects, agglomerates, and maintains ingress particulate contaminants in the nanometer and submicron range. 3 5. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 34, wherein the quasi-aggregation/filter medium is formed by a composite steel mesh having different densities or by a filter screen to increase soot collection and retention efficiency. Composite wire mesh media composition. 3 6. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 35, wherein the composite wire mesh medium and the filter screen have a void gap of more than 5 (1⁄23⁄4:meter) Page 49 1304850 ~~'—--------------- ------ VI. Application Specialization® Avoid improper clogging in the operating state of various engines. 3 7. For example, the exhaust gas after-treatment system aggregator/filter medium of the third paragraph of Shenqing Patent Range is designed and constructed to maintain agglomerated soot at the beginning of the soot, and the permanent soot loading will be dark ^ The extremely high efficiency of 1 count level then greatly enhances the collection and retention of nanometers. Man-made rice grade granules 38. The granule pollutant converter after the exhaust gas of claim 31 contains - rectangular incinerator, burning; enthalpy; position; the lowest point of the granule, relying on gravity to capture and burn The transformant is accumulated.系 后 申请 申请 申请 申请 申请 申请 申请 申请 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气 废气The chamber forcibly loses its heart and raises its temperature to a point of 4 G j ί : Let the current pass through the soot, and, must be &gt; ... / dish and ring, the winter is completely incinerated; this incinerator can be 40 such as:烬: Accumulation, this - incinerator is - completely passive.废气 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕 咕The pressure weeping switch sends an electrical signal to the ECU to initiate a reverse pulse jet system to bring the medium back to its original state. For example, in the exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 31, one of them is reversed. The pulse jet system consists of a high pressure air tank, an electronic control module (ECU.), a pulsating valve, and a passive & π 在 in the outer casing of the converter. Page 50 1304850 VI. Patent Application No. 4 2. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 41, wherein the ECU monitors the engine operating state and initiates the pulsation to reverse the pulse only when the engine is stopped or in an idle state. The effect of the jet on the quasi-composite medium is maximized. 43. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 41, wherein the volume and pressure of the high pressure air tank cause pulsation to blow soot off the quasi-media to the upstream side, the amount of pulsation leaving a specific amount after the pulse cycle Ash collection and retention efficiency. 44. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 41, wherein a passive sliding door assembly is activated by the incoming pulsed air to cause the sliding door to close, the action forcing all incoming pulsed air through the quasi-aggregation/filtering The medium is used to ensure effective soot blow off operation, and the sliding door returns to the open position by the action of a compression spring at the end of the pulsation. 45. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 31, wherein the soot can be stored in a collection bag and discarded when the bag is fully loaded rather than incinerated. 4. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 45, wherein the volume of the bag is selected to be sufficient to accommodate a pulsed air volume and to assist in the migration of soot from the converter to the bag. 4 7. An exhaust aftertreatment system in which the soot collection chamber separates and collects agglomerated soot particles on the mobile implement to disperse it at regular intervals. 48. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein the soot collection chamber comprises a retaining screen to provide a barrier medium for trapping agglomerated soot, the chamber being designed and installed to cause accumulation in the screen The soot block on the bottom falls to the lower half of the compartment. </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> A steel ball that is used to create a hammering action at selected locations on the screen to continuously release the soot block and prevent accumulation of soot blocks. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1 further comprising a soot processing drum for collecting agglomerated soot from a plurality of soot collection chambers, the drum compressing the soot into solid pellets for transport and use In industrial applications. 51. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 34, wherein the smoke processing drum comprises a back pulsation system to periodically clean the screen assembly to prevent soot accumulation. 5 2. As claimed in claim 34. An exhaust gas aftertreatment system, wherein the soot processing drum comprises a mechanical vibrator to continuously relax the screen assembly to prevent soot accumulation. 5 3. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 34, further comprising a motor power core The shaft applies a specific pressure to the soot to produce a compacted soot pellet. 54. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein the oxygen-catalyst, the exhaust gas cooling system, and the particulate pollutant conversion The apparatus is selected to eliminate all VOCs from the tail pipe by oxidation, condensation, agglomeration, separation, etc. 5 5. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1 wherein the active oxidation catalyst, exhaust gas cooling system And the particulate pollutant converter makes two Page 52 1304850 VI. Scope of Application The oxidation of sulfur oxides into sulfate compounds, which together with the soot compounds condense, agglomerate and separate, thereby reducing and eliminating sulfur emissions from the tailpipe. 5. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas cooling system causes condensation of nanometer-scale particles which are formed when the exhaust gas leaves the tail pipe and are diluted by the outside air, the condensed nanometer-scale The particles are agglomerated in the aggregator with very high efficiency, and the system is designed to eliminate a very large number of nano-sized particles that would otherwise be released into the atmosphere. 5 7. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the by-product of the incineration operation is recycled downstream to the engine air 'gas filter, the by-product has been cleared of solid pollutants, is too cold and used Exhaust gas recirculation to reduce N0 and correct problems associated with conventional EGR in diesel engine applications. 5 8. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1 wherein the by-product of the incineration operation is recycled back to the downstream of the air filter, and the by-product stream is regulated via a high efficiency axial boost pump to obtain a N 0 high terminal The reduction rate is adjusted, and the booster pump airflow is regulated by the electronic control module or the engine control unit via the engine RPM and the throttle position signal. 5 9. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 4, wherein the exhaust gas recirculation sends the exhaust gas to an engine intake port at the front of the air filter, thereby completely removing any through the engine air filter. Exhaust gas that escapes pollutants. 60. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system of claim 1, further comprising a water scrubber for absorbing N0 2 from the exhaust gas. 6 1. A method for treating diesel engine exhaust gas, the method comprising the following steps Page 53 1304850 VI. Scope of Patent Application Procedure: Cooling the exhaust gas to a temperature below the condensation temperature of the sulfate; agglomerating the particulate contaminants of the exhaust gas; collecting and separating the agglomerated particulate contaminants of the exhaust gas. 6. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 61, wherein the exhaust gas is cooled to a temperature of at least about less than about 300 °F. 6. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 61, wherein the step of collecting agglomerated particulate contaminants comprises the step of providing a sieve arrangement as a barrier to collecting agglomerated particulate contaminants. 6 4. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 61, wherein the method further comprises the step of providing a soot collection chamber to collect agglomerated particulate contaminants. 65. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 64, further comprising the step of: defining, in the particulate pollutant collection chamber, first and second compartments separated by a barrier screen, the first compartment Used to collect and keep trapped soot'. 6. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 61, further comprising the steps of: providing an oxidation catalyst; and destroying at least a portion of one of the volatile organic components of the exhaust gas. 6. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 61, wherein the step of collecting the agglomerated particulate contaminants of the exhaust gas comprises the step of extracting the sulfur component from the exhaust gas in the form of a sulfate. 6 8 . The method for treating diesel engine exhaust gas according to claim 61 of the patent scope, Page 54 1304850 6. The scope of application for the patent further includes the steps of: oxidizing so of the exhaust gas to a sulfate compound; coagulating and aggregating the sulfate compounds; and separating the sulfated agglomerated sulfate component from the exhaust gas . 6. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 61, wherein the step of cooling the exhaust gas comprises the step of cooling the exhaust gas by radiant cooling. 70. A diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method according to claim 61, wherein the step of cooling the exhaust gas comprises the step of cooling the exhaust gas by convective cooling. 71. The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method of claim 70, wherein the step of cooling the exhaust gas by convection cooling comprises the step of providing a heat exchanger. Page 55