10 15 若再繼續放電 1303509 .玖、發明說明： .【發明所屬之技術領域】 - 本發明係關於一種電池的充電裝置及方法，特別指一 種藉由計數訊號來控制充電電流的大小，以對電池由小電 5流慢恢增加的充電方式來達到完成電池充電的裝置及方法 〇 【先前技術】 按’目前電池的分類有很多種，在化學電池中不可充 電用完就扔掉的電池稱為一次電池，可以多次充電再重複 使用的電池稱為二次電池，該二次電池可透過充電的過程 使得電池内的活性物質再度的回復到原來的狀態，因而能 再度的提供電力；其中二次電池在充電過程中電池的電壓 會隨著儲存電量的增加而逐漸上升，當電池儲存的電量達 到飽和電極材料無法_充電時，即完成充電，·電池在放 電過程中電壓會慢慢地持續下降，若㈣中暫時停止放電 則電屋會馬上上相復到某—準位才停止， 則電壓又從該準位開始下降。 而常用的二次電池中以㈣池經常被應用在—些手持 式電子裝置’、例如：行動電話、m等等，其中鐘二次電 、材料、、且成方面’係分成正極材料、負極材料、電解液 20 1303509 、及隔離膜等，且在充電過程中若以大電流充電雖能快速地 .對電池充飽電，但亦會提高電池的溫度，且該電池有可能 -發生已經充飽但是電壓卻尚未達到設定的準位，而造成電 池過度充電的情形發生，因此，電池的電壓從電池的機械 5及化學結構來看，穩定的小電流充電最能撤底的充電而不 傷害電池内的活性物質，使蓄電池性能、壽命都能保持在 _理想狀態，缺點是充電時間過長，這不是現今工商業社會 情況所能接受的。 因此，研究新的充電技術，以節省充電時間並兼顧電 10池使用壽命之維持是很重要的。 發明人爰因於此，本於積極發明之精神，亟思一種可 以解決上述問題之「電池的充電裝置及方法。」10 15 If the discharge continues again 1303509. 发明, invention description: [Technical field of the invention] - The present invention relates to a battery charging device and method, particularly to a charging signal to control the magnitude of the charging current, The battery is powered by a small electric 5 slow recovery charging device to achieve the battery charging device and method [previous technology] According to the current battery classification, there are many types, in the chemical battery can not be charged, the battery is thrown away As a primary battery, a battery that can be repeatedly charged and reused is called a secondary battery, and the secondary battery can re-energize the active material in the battery to the original state through the charging process, thereby providing power again; During the charging process, the voltage of the battery will gradually increase with the increase of the stored power. When the battery is stored in a state where the saturated electrode material cannot be charged, the charging is completed. The voltage of the battery will slowly decrease during the discharge process. Continue to decline, if (4) temporarily stop the discharge, the electric house will immediately go back to a certain level - stop, then the voltage It began to decline from that level. The commonly used secondary batteries are often used in some (4) pools, such as mobile phones, m, etc., in which the secondary electricity, materials, and aspects are divided into positive electrode materials and negative electrodes. Material, electrolyte 20 1303509, and separator, etc., and if charged with a large current during charging, it can quickly charge the battery, but it will also increase the temperature of the battery, and the battery may be charged However, the voltage has not yet reached the set level, which causes the battery to overcharge. Therefore, the voltage of the battery is from the mechanical 5 and chemical structure of the battery. The stable small current charging is the most reliable charging without damage. The active substance in the battery keeps the performance and life of the battery in an ideal state. The disadvantage is that the charging time is too long, which is not acceptable in today's industrial and commercial society. Therefore, it is important to study new charging techniques to save charging time and to maintain the life of the battery. The inventor of the present invention, in view of the spirit of active invention, is thinking of a "battery charging device and method that can solve the above problems."
於是，本發明之電池的充電裝置，係連接一提供電池 充電之電力的電源，其包括：一提供計數訊號的計數單元 ’一用以控制計數訊號之計數頻率的時脈產生單元；以及 一依據计數訊號的計數變化而控制充電電流的控制單元。 其中控制單元具有複數組的開關元件及阻抗元件，且 依據該計數訊號的數值變化以控制該計數訊號所對應的複 數個開關元件之開啟和閉合動作；因此可藉由該複數個開 關70件之動作及該每個開關元件所對應連接的阻抗元件之 5 !3〇3509 u ' 阻值來控制該電源對該電池提供一充電電流進行充電。 ‘ 此外，充電裝置更包含一限流單元，用以提供該電源 -輸出穩定的充電電流。其中該限流單元具有一分壓電路及 一比較電路，該分壓電路分別提供該比較電路的正端及負 5端電壓訊號，如發生充電電流不穩定而造成該分壓電路輸 入至比較電路的正端電壓大於負端電壓時，即重置該計數 _ 器的計數訊號，使該計數訊號重新計數，進而改變充電電 流回復到小電流的起始充電狀態，之後再隨著計數訊號的 計數而慢慢增加其充電電流。 10 本發明並揭示一種電池充電方法，係藉由充電裝置 連接之電源對電池進行充電的步驟，其包含： 提供一控制該計數訊號的計數頻率之時脈訊號； 依據該計數訊號的數值變化以控制該計數訊號所對應 •的複數個開關元件之動作；以及 15 依據該複數個開關元件之動作及該每個開關元件所對 應連接的阻抗元件之阻值，以控制該電源對電池充電的電 流大小。 其中’更包含一發生充電電流不穩定即重置計數訊號 的步驟’使計數訊號重新計數，進而改變充電電流回復到 20小電流的起始充電狀態，之後再隨著計數訊號的計數而慢 6 ⑧ 1303509 1 慢增加其充電電流。 β【實施方式】 為使貴審查委員能進一步瞭解本發明之結構、特徵 5及其目的，茲附以圖式及較佳具體實施例之詳細說明如后 ;❿ 請參閱圖一、圖二所示，分別為本發明電池充電裝置 較佳實施例之組成方塊圖及電路圖。如圖所示，本實施例 電池充電裝置1分別連接一待充電電池2、及一提供該電 10池2充電電流之電源3，而主要具有一計數單元11、一時 脈產生單元12、一控制單元13及一限流單元14。 計數單元11用以提供一計數訊號，而計數訊號是採 二進制的方式計數；其中在本實施例中計數單元丨丨係為 馨一四位元計數器U2，計數器U2的輸出訊號為QA、QB、QC 15及QD，而QA為最低位元、QD為最高位元，其計數的範圍 為0000至1111 (相當於1〇進制的〇至15)，而具有2的 四次方變化，即〇〇〇〇、〇〇〇1、…、ni〇、nu等16種變 化；然於其他變化實施例亦可為其他位元數的計數器，而 並不以此為限。 20 時脈產生單元12提供一時脈訊號，用以控制計數單 7 ④ 1303509 元11的计數訊號之計數頻率；在本實施例中時脈產生單 ’ 元12主要包括一震盪器U1、一電阻R5及一電容C1，其 •中震盪益U1具有一輸出端及一輸入端，該震盪器jji先並 聯電阻R5、其輸入端再串聯電容C1後接地，而輸出端則 5 直接連接該計數單元11。 控制單元13用以作為電源3供應電池2的充電電流 (❿大小之開關控制，於本實施例中包含有四組的開關元件 131及阻抗元件132，其中該四組開關元件131為四個 M0S開關Q卜Q4 ’以及該阻抗元件132則包含每一廳開 1〇關Q卜Q4所分別連接之電阻以鲁；其中控制單元^係 依據四位元計數器U2的計數訊號之數值變化以控制該計 數訊號所對應的四個M0S開關㈣4之開啟和閉合動作， 及藉由每個M0S開關Q卜Q4所對應連接的電阻R i,之阻 參值來控制電源3對該電池2提供一逐漸遞增的充電電流進 15行充電’且於本實施例中其電阻的大小關係設定為以〉 R2>R3>R4。此外，於其他變化例中，開關元件⑶的數 量並不以四個為限，亦可用其他開關元件所取代，其開關 元件131的數量可取決於計數器U2的輸出位元數，如： 八位元計數器則需八個開關元件。 在本實施例中，限流單元14用 14肖以&供電源3輸出穩 20 1303509 定的充電電流’該限流單元14具有一分壓電路141及一 比較電路142，而該分壓電路141在本實施例中係包含5 個電阻狀、R7、R8、R9、R11，用以將電源3分壓以分別 提供該比較電路142的正端（+ )及負端（―）電壓訊號，以及 5比較電路142則包含一比較器113;本實施例中電阻[?8為 一電阻量很小的電阻，使圖中的A端點與B端點間電壓（ VA及VB )僅具有一個小小的電壓差存在;另外，在本實 施例中的電路設計上預設為比較器U3的負端（-)電壓訊號 會大於正端（+ )電壓訊號，即在電阻以丨上的電壓須大於 10電阻R7上的電壓，而使比較器U3會輸出一 Lo訊號至計 數器U2的CLR端，由於CLR端是Hi訊號觸發動作，所以 ，可以避免比較器U3產生一 Hi的電位傳輸至計數器U2 的CLR接腳，而造成計數訊號不斷地重新計數。Therefore, the charging device of the battery of the present invention is connected to a power source for providing power for charging the battery, comprising: a counting unit for providing a counting signal; a clock generating unit for controlling the counting frequency of the counting signal; and a basis A control unit that controls the charging current by counting the count of the signal. The control unit has a complex array of switching elements and impedance elements, and controls the opening and closing operations of the plurality of switching elements corresponding to the counting signals according to the value of the counting signal; therefore, the plurality of switches can be 70 The action and the 5!3〇3509 u' resistance of the impedance component connected to each of the switching elements are used to control the power supply to supply a charging current to the battery for charging. ‘In addition, the charging device further includes a current limiting unit for supplying the power source - outputting a stable charging current. The current limiting unit has a voltage dividing circuit and a comparison circuit, and the voltage dividing circuit respectively provides a positive terminal and a negative terminal voltage signal of the comparison circuit, and the voltage dividing circuit is input if the charging current is unstable. When the positive terminal voltage of the comparison circuit is greater than the negative terminal voltage, the counting signal of the counting device is reset, so that the counting signal is re-counted, thereby changing the charging current to return to the initial charging state of the small current, and then counting The signal is counted and slowly increases its charging current. The invention also discloses a battery charging method, which is a step of charging a battery by a power source connected by a charging device, comprising: providing a clock signal for controlling a counting frequency of the counting signal; and changing according to the value of the counting signal Controlling the operation of the plurality of switching elements corresponding to the counting signal; and 15 controlling the current charged by the power source according to the operation of the plurality of switching elements and the resistance of the impedance element corresponding to each of the switching elements size. The step of 'including a charging current unstable, that is, resetting the counting signal' causes the counting signal to be re-counted, thereby changing the charging current to return to the initial charging state of 20 small currents, and then slowing down with the counting of the counting signals. 8 1303509 1 Slowly increase its charging current. 【 [Embodiment] In order to enable the reviewing committee to further understand the structure, features, and objects of the present invention, the detailed description of the drawings and preferred embodiments is as follows; ❿ Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Shown are respectively a block diagram and a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the battery charging device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the battery charging device 1 of the present embodiment is respectively connected to a battery 2 to be charged, and a power source 3 for supplying the charging current of the battery 10, and mainly has a counting unit 11, a clock generating unit 12, and a control. Unit 13 and a current limiting unit 14. The counting unit 11 is configured to provide a counting signal, and the counting signal is counted in a binary manner; wherein in the embodiment, the counting unit is a Xinyi four-bit counter U2, and the output signal of the counter U2 is QA, QB, QC 15 and QD, while QA is the lowest bit and QD is the highest bit. The range of counting is 0000 to 1111 (equivalent to 1 in 〇 to 15), and has a quadratic variation of 2, ie 〇 There are 16 kinds of changes such as 〇〇〇, 〇〇〇1, ..., ni〇, nu, etc.; however, other variation embodiments may also be counters of other bit numbers, and are not limited thereto. The clock generating unit 12 provides a clock signal for controlling the counting frequency of the counting signal of the counting unit 7 4 1303509, and 11; in this embodiment, the clock generating unit '1' mainly includes an oscillator U1 and a resistor. R5 and a capacitor C1, the shock absorber U1 has an output end and an input end, the oscillator jji first parallels the resistor R5, its input terminal is connected to the capacitor C1 and then grounded, and the output terminal 5 is directly connected to the counting unit. 11. The control unit 13 is configured to supply the charging current of the battery 2 as the power source 3 (the switch control of the ❿ size, in the embodiment, includes four sets of switching elements 131 and impedance elements 132, wherein the four sets of switching elements 131 are four MOSs The switch Q Q4' and the impedance element 132 comprise resistors respectively connected to each of the halls, and the control unit is controlled according to the value of the counting signal of the four-bit counter U2 to control the The opening and closing actions of the four M0S switches (4) 4 corresponding to the counting signals, and the resistance values of the resistors R i connected by the respective M0S switches Q and Q4, control the power supply 3 to provide a gradual increase in the battery 2 The charging current is charged in 15 rows, and the magnitude relationship of the resistance in the present embodiment is set to > R2 > R3 > R4. Further, in other variations, the number of switching elements (3) is not limited to four. It can also be replaced by other switching elements. The number of switching elements 131 can depend on the number of output bits of the counter U2, such as: eight-bit counter requires eight switching elements. In this embodiment, the current limiting unit 14 uses 14 Xiao & power supply 3 output steady 20 1303509 fixed charging current 'the current limiting unit 14 has a voltage dividing circuit 141 and a comparison circuit 142, and the voltage dividing circuit 141 includes 5 resistances in this embodiment , R7, R8, R9, R11, for dividing the power supply 3 to provide the positive (+) and negative (-) voltage signals of the comparison circuit 142, respectively, and the comparison circuit 142 includes a comparator 113; In this embodiment, the resistor [?8 is a resistor having a small amount of resistance, so that the voltage between the A end point and the B end point (VA and VB) in the figure has only a small voltage difference; in addition, in this embodiment In the circuit design, the negative terminal (-) voltage signal of the comparator U3 is greater than the positive (+) voltage signal, that is, the voltage on the resistor must be greater than the voltage on the resistor R7, and the comparison is made. U3 will output a Lo signal to the CLR end of the counter U2. Since the CLR terminal is triggered by the Hi signal, the comparator U3 can be prevented from generating a Hi potential to be transmitted to the CLR pin of the counter U2, causing the counting signal to continuously Recount.
I _ 再者，倘若電源3輸出充電電流（I)不穩定而產生一 大電流時（如··充電電流瞬間增高），雖然電阻R8為一電 阻量很小的電阻，但由於通過的電流上升，因此，仍會在 端點A及端點B間產生一電壓，而使得VA及VB間的壓差 增大，且一旦造成該分壓電路141輸入至比較電路142的 正端（+ )電壓大於負端（-）電壓時，比較器U3即發出一重 2〇 置訊號（RESET)至計數器U2，以清除（clear)原先的計 1303509 •數訊號而重新計數，此時，電池2的充電電流回復到小電 流的起始充電狀態，之後再隨著計數訊號的計數而慢慢增 •加其充電電流（I )，所以該限流單元14具有防止充電電流 (I)不穩疋的功能，並能提供電源3輸出穩定的充電電流 •5(I)〇 請參閱圖二所示，圖中的TP1及TP2供分別連接電池 2的正、負極，當電源3提供一充電電流（I)對電池2進 行充電時’該計數器U2會開始計數，在本實施例中，電 阻R9及Rl 1在設計上其電阻值遠大於電阻的電阻 10值’因此’在電阻R9及Rl 1上的電流值會遠小於電阻ri 〜R4上的電流值，所以在忽略R9及R11上的電流值後， 可以得到充電電流（1)=電源電壓（VCC)/(R8+R),其中總阻 值R為電阻R1〜R4並聯後的電阻值，其阻值大小視m〇s開 關Q1〜Q4導通而定；I _ Furthermore, if the output current (I) of the power supply 3 is unstable and a large current is generated (if the charging current is instantaneously increased), although the resistor R8 is a resistor having a small amount of resistance, the current passed is increased. Therefore, a voltage is generated between the terminal A and the terminal B, and the voltage difference between VA and VB is increased, and once the voltage dividing circuit 141 is input to the positive terminal (+) of the comparison circuit 142. When the voltage is greater than the negative (-) voltage, the comparator U3 sends a 2 RESET signal (RESET) to the counter U2 to clear the original meter 1303509 • the number is re-counted. At this time, the battery 2 is charged. The current returns to the initial state of charge of the small current, and then gradually increases with the counting of the counting signal to increase its charging current (I), so the current limiting unit 14 has the function of preventing the charging current (I) from being unstable. And can provide power supply 3 output stable charging current • 5 (I) 〇 See Figure 2, the TP1 and TP2 in the figure are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 2, when the power supply 3 provides a charging current (I) When charging battery 2, the counter U2 will start. In this embodiment, the resistors R9 and Rl 1 are designed to have a resistance value much larger than the resistor 10 value of the resistor. Therefore, the current values on the resistors R9 and Rl 1 are much smaller than the current values on the resistors ri to R4. Therefore, after ignoring the current values on R9 and R11, the charging current (1) = power supply voltage (VCC) / (R8 + R) can be obtained, wherein the total resistance value R is the resistance value after the resistors R1 to R4 are connected in parallel, The magnitude of the resistance depends on the turn-on of the m〇s switch Q1~Q4;
15 例如：計數器U2的計數訊號為〇〇〇1時，僅只有qA 輸出一個Hi的訊號傳送至所連接的M0S開關Q1 (為Hi導 通），即QA輸出端所連接的M0S開關Q1導通（短路接地 )且與電源3及電池2間形成一充電迴路；因此，總阻值 R的電阻值為電阻R1的電阻值，即R=R1，而充電電流 20 =電源電壓（VCC)/(R8+R1)。 1303509 . 當計數訊號為0010時，僅只有QB輸出一個Hi的訊 -號傳送至所連接的MOS開關Q2，即QB輸出端所連接的 .M0S開關Q2導通，且與電源3及電池2間形成一充電迴 路；因此，R=R2，充電電流（1)=電源電壓（vcC)/(R8+R2) 5 ;且由於R2< R1，所以總阻值R的電阻值下降，而充電 電流（I)則上升了。 Μ θ十數巧虎變為〇 〇 11時’即有QA及QB分別輸出一 個Hi的訊號傳送至所連接的m〇S開關Ql、Q2，即耻及 QB輸出端所分別連接的M0S開關以及Q2導通，且與電 10 源3及電池2間皆形成充電迴路；因此，總阻值r的電阻 值為電阻R1及電阻R2並聯後的電阻值，即R=(R1*R2) /(R1+R2)，且R< R2< R1，故，經並聯後的電阻R變小了 ，但相對充電電流（I)卻變大了。 ¥ 最後如：計數器計數至111 1時，即有QA、QB、QC及 I5 QD分別輸出一個Hi的訊號傳送至所連接的M0S開關Q1、 Q2、Q3及Q4，而使該M0S開關Ql、Q2、Q3及Q4導通， 且皆與電源2及電池3間形成一充電迴路；此時，總阻值 R的電阻值為電阻Rl、R2、R3及R4並聯後的電阻值，即 R=(R1//R2//R3//R4)，且充電電流（1)=電源電壓（VCC)/( 2〇 R8 + (R1//R2//R3//R4));故，經並聯後的總阻值R為最小 11 ⑧ 1303509 ’但相對充電電流卻是最大；足見，充電電流（i)的大小 取決於計數訊號。 再者，本實施例中設電源3之充電電壓(Vcc)為5V、 電阻R8為〇·2Ω(小電阻）、電阻R1為100Ω、電阻R2為 50 Ω、電阻R3為10 Ω及電阻R4為1 Ω，其中在計數訊號 由0000計數至1111時，其計數訊號與充電電流關係如下 表所示: 計數訊號 電阻R 充電電流 計數訊號 電阻R 充電電流 0·050Α 0000 0Ω 0Α 0001 100Ω 0010 50 Ω 0·100Α 0011 33. 3Ω 0. 149 A 0100 10Ω 0.490Α 0101 9· 1Ω 0·538A 0110 8· 3Ω 0·588Α 0111 7· 69Ω 0·634A 1000 1Ω 2· 5Α 1001 0· 99Ω 0· 97Ω 2· 513A 2. 538Α 1010 0· 98Ω 2. 525Α 1011 1100 〇· 91Ω ~~Γ618Α 1101 0· 90Ω 2.632Α 1110 〇· 89Ω 2. 646Α 卜1111 0· 88Ω 卜2·660Α • 表一 由表可彳于知，在計數訊號不斷地計數改變下，其總 阻值R的電阻值是隨著逐漸減少，而其充電電流則是逐漸 在^加中直至计數訊號停止計數時，即維持最後之電流 值以對電池2繼續充電至餘和為止，其充電曲線如圖三所 示。 請再參_二及配合表—可知，充電電流⑴在計 ⑧ 1303509 數訊號的控制下，最高不超過3A，因此，充電電流以3A 為例’另外’設充電電壓為5V、電阻R8為〇· 2 Ω、電阻 R6為180ΚΩ、電阻R7為680ΚΩ、電阻R9為56ΚΩ及電 阻R11為680ΚΩ，其中VA為5V，可以得到電阻R8上的 電壓為3Α*0· 2Ω=0· 6V，並得到VB=4· 6V ;另求出·· 電阻 R7 上的電壓=VA*R7/ ( R7+R6) ;5*680K/ ( 680K+ 180Κ) -3.95Υ ； 電阻R11上的電壓=VB*R11/ ( R1UR9父‘ 680K+56K) =4.07V ； 因此’可以得到電阻Rl 1上的電壓比電阻R7上的電 壓大；而連接電阻R11的比較器U3負端（-）電壓大於連接 電阻R7的正端（+ )電壓，使得比較器U3會輸出一 Lo訊號 至計數器U2的CLR端，由於CLR端是Hi訊號觸發動作， 所以，此時並未做清除計數訊號的動作。 倘若當充電電流（I)不穩定而瞬間加大時，在此以4A 為例’在上述相同條件之下可以得到電阻Rg上的電壓為 4Α*0·2Ω=0·8ν，並得到 VB=4.2V;另求出： 電阻 R7 上的電壓=VA*R7/ (R7+R6) =5*680K/ ( 680K + 180Κ) =3· 95V ; 電阻 Rll 上的電壓=VB*R11/ (R11+R9) =4· 2*680K/ ( 13 ⑧ • 1303509 680K+56K) =3.88V ； • 因此’可以得到電阻R7上的電壓比電阻Rll上的電 •壓大，而連接電阻R11的比較器U3負端（-)電壓小於連接 電阻R7的正端（+ )電壓，使得比較器仙會輸出一 Hi訊號 5至計數器U2的CLR端，此時，CLR端會清除（clear)原 先的计數訊號而重新計數，而電池2的充電電流則恢復為 、最％小電流的充電狀態，之後再隨著計数訊號的計數而慢 • n、， 慢增加其充電電流，所以該限流單元14具有防止充電電 流不穩定的功能，並能提供電源3輸出穩定的充電電流。 10 如圖四所示，本發明更提供一種電池充電方法，用以 控制一電源3對一電池2進行充電，其包含下述步驟： 步驟401 :提供一計數訊號； 步驟402 ··提供一控制計數訊號之計數頻率的時脈訊 ‘號。 15 步驟403 :當該計數訊號開始計數，即控制該計數訊 號所對應的複數個開關元件131之開啟及閉合動作，使該 電源3提供一小電流對該電池2開始進行充電； 步驟404 :隨該複數個開關元件131之動作，及配合 每個開關元件131所對應連接的阻抗元件132之阻值，持 20 續增加充電的電流量； 14 1303509 步驟405:當計數訊號停止計數，即對該電池2施予 固定電流量進行充電，直至完成充電為止。 ”中更包含-發生電源3不敎而造成瞬間充電電 流增大時即重置計數訊號的充電保護方法，其步驟包含： 透過5個阻抗元件132(電阻R8、R6、R7、R9及R11) 對充電之電源3以分壓方式取得第—電壓訊號及第二電壓 訊號’並分別作為該比較器U3正端及負端的輸入電壓訊 號、 10 利用-比較器ϋ3判斷其輸入端的第一電壓訊號是否 大於第一電麼訊號；倘若是，則由該比較器⑽的輸出端 輸出-訊號至計數器U2以維持原計數訊號之計數狀態， 並持續對該電池2提供一呈遞增的充電電流； 15 。。反之，則由該比較器⑽的輸出端輸出一訊號至計數 為U2以重置該計數訊號，並且使該計數訊號重新計數， 進：改變充電電流回復到小電流的起始充電狀態，之後再 皈著计數訊號的計數而慢慢增加其充電電流。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之一較佳實施例而已，並 非用來限定本發明實施之範圍，舉凡依本發明申請專利範 圍所述之形狀、構造、特徵及精神所為之均等變化與修飾 ，均應包括於本分明之申請專利範圍内。 15 20 • 1303509 .【圖式簡單說明】 圖一為本發明充電裝置較佳實施例的電路方塊圖； •圖二為本發明充電裝置較佳實施例的電路圖；15 For example, when the counter signal of counter U2 is 〇〇〇1, only the signal of qA outputting a Hi is transmitted to the connected MOS switch Q1 (which is turned on for Hi), that is, the MOS switch Q1 connected to the QA output is turned on (short circuit Grounding) and forming a charging circuit between the power source 3 and the battery 2; therefore, the resistance value of the total resistance value R is the resistance value of the resistor R1, that is, R=R1, and the charging current 20=supply voltage (VCC)/(R8+ R1). 1303509. When the counting signal is 0010, only the signal signal of QB outputting a Hi is transmitted to the connected MOS switch Q2, that is, the .M0S switch Q2 connected to the QB output is turned on, and forms with the power source 3 and the battery 2. a charging circuit; therefore, R = R2, charging current (1) = power supply voltage (vcC) / (R8 + R2) 5; and because R2 < R1, the resistance value of the total resistance R decreases, and the charging current (I ) is rising. Μ θ 十 巧 巧 巧 巧 时 ' ' 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 巧 即 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧 巧Q2 is turned on, and a charging circuit is formed between the power source 10 and the battery 2; therefore, the resistance value of the total resistance r is a resistance value after the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in parallel, that is, R=(R1*R2) /(R1 +R2), and R<R2<R1, the resistance R after parallel connection becomes smaller, but the relative charging current (I) becomes larger. ¥ Finally, if the counter counts to 111 1 , QA, QB, QC and I5 QD respectively output a Hi signal to the connected M0S switches Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, so that the M0S switches Ql, Q2 Q3 and Q4 are turned on, and a charging circuit is formed between the power source 2 and the battery 3. At this time, the resistance value of the total resistance value R is a resistance value after the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 are connected in parallel, that is, R=(R1) //R2//R3//R4), and the charging current (1)=supply voltage (VCC)/( 2〇R8 + (R1//R2//R3//R4)); The resistance R is a minimum of 11 8 1303509 'but the relative charging current is the maximum; it can be seen that the magnitude of the charging current (i) depends on the counting signal. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the charging voltage (Vcc) of the power supply 3 is 5 V, the resistance R8 is 〇·2 Ω (small resistance), the resistance R1 is 100 Ω, the resistance R2 is 50 Ω, the resistance R3 is 10 Ω, and the resistance R4 is 1 Ω, where the counting signal is counted from 0000 to 1111, the relationship between the counting signal and the charging current is as follows: Counting signal resistance R Charging current counting signal resistance R Charging current 0·050Α 0000 0Ω 0Α 0001 100Ω 0010 50 Ω 0 ·100Α 0011 33. 3Ω 0. 149 A 0100 10Ω 0.490Α 0101 9· 1Ω 0·538A 0110 8· 3Ω 0·588Α 0111 7· 69Ω 0·634A 1000 1Ω 2· 5Α 1001 0· 99Ω 0· 97Ω 2· 513A 2. 538Α 1010 0· 98Ω 2. 525Α 1011 1100 〇· 91Ω ~~Γ618Α 1101 0· 90Ω 2.632Α 1110 〇· 89Ω 2. 646Α 卜1111 0· 88Ω 卜2·660Α • Table 1 can be seen from the table, When the counting signal is continuously counted, the resistance value of the total resistance R is gradually decreased, and the charging current is gradually increased until the counting signal stops counting, that is, the last current value is maintained. Battery 2 continues to charge until the balance, its charging curve is shown in Figure 3. . Please refer to _2 and the matching table. It can be seen that the charging current (1) is up to 3A under the control of the 8 1303509 digital signal. Therefore, the charging current is 3A as an example. The voltage is 5V and the resistor R8 is 〇. · 2 Ω, resistor R6 is 180ΚΩ, resistor R7 is 680ΚΩ, resistor R9 is 56ΚΩ, and resistor R11 is 680ΚΩ, where VA is 5V, the voltage on resistor R8 can be obtained as 3Α*0· 2Ω=0·6V, and VB is obtained. =4· 6V ; find another voltage on resistor R7 = VA*R7/ ( R7+R6) ; 5 * 680K / ( 680K + 180 Κ ) -3.95 Υ ; voltage on resistor R11 = VB * R11 / ( R1UR9 The parent '680K+56K) =4.07V; therefore 'the voltage on the resistor Rl 1 can be obtained larger than the voltage on the resistor R7; and the voltage at the negative terminal (-) of the comparator U3 connected to the resistor R11 is greater than the positive terminal of the connection resistor R7 ( +) The voltage causes the comparator U3 to output a Lo signal to the CLR terminal of the counter U2. Since the CLR terminal is triggered by the Hi signal, the action of clearing the count signal is not performed at this time. If the charging current (I) is unstable and increases instantaneously, take 4A as an example. Under the same conditions as above, the voltage on the resistor Rg can be obtained as 4Α*0·2Ω=0·8ν, and VB= 4.2V; find another: Voltage on resistor R7 = VA * R7 / (R7 + R6) = 5 * 680K / ( 680K + 180 Κ) = 3 · 95V ; Voltage on resistor R11 = VB * R11 / (R11 + R9) =4· 2*680K/ ( 13 8 • 1303509 680K+56K) =3.88V ; • Therefore, the voltage on the resistor R7 can be obtained larger than the voltage on the resistor R11, and the comparator U3 connected to the resistor R11 The negative (-) voltage is lower than the positive (+) voltage of the connection resistor R7, so that the comparator outputs a Hi signal 5 to the CLR end of the counter U2. At this time, the CLR end clears the original counting signal. And re-counting, and the charging current of the battery 2 returns to the charging state of the most % small current, and then slowly increases the charging current with the counting of the counting signal, so the current limiting unit 14 has the prevention The charging current is unstable and can provide a stable charging current for the power supply 3 output. As shown in FIG. 4, the present invention further provides a battery charging method for controlling a power source 3 to charge a battery 2, which includes the following steps: Step 401: provide a counting signal; Step 402 · Provide a control The time pulse of the counting frequency of the counting signal. Step 403: When the counting signal starts counting, that is, controlling the opening and closing operations of the plurality of switching elements 131 corresponding to the counting signal, the power source 3 provides a small current to start charging the battery 2; Step 404: The operation of the plurality of switching elements 131 and the resistance value of the impedance element 132 connected to each switching element 131 are continuously increased by 20; 14 1303509 Step 405: When the counting signal stops counting, that is, The battery 2 is charged with a fixed amount of current until charging is completed. The middle includes: a charging protection method for resetting the counting signal when the instantaneous charging current increases, and the steps include: transmitting 5 impedance elements 132 (resistors R8, R6, R7, R9, and R11) The charging power source 3 obtains the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal in a voltage division manner and respectively serves as an input voltage signal of the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the comparator U3, and 10 determines the first voltage signal of the input terminal by using the comparator ϋ3. Whether it is greater than the first electrical signal; if so, the output of the comparator (10) outputs a signal to the counter U2 to maintain the counting state of the original counting signal, and continuously provides an increasing charging current to the battery 2; On the contrary, the output of the comparator (10) outputs a signal until the count is U2 to reset the count signal, and the count signal is re-counted, and the charging current is restored to the initial charge state of the small current. Then, the charging current is gradually increased by the counting of the counting signals. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope, structure, characteristics and spirit of the invention are all included in the scope of the patent application. 15 20 • 1303509 . [Simple description] 1 is a circuit block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a charging device of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of a charging device of the present invention;
圖三為本發明充電裝置較佳實施例的充放電曲線厂、A 、不思圖。 5圖四為本發明充電方法較佳實施例的流程圖。 【圖式之主要元件代表符號說明】 1 ··電池充電裝置 11 ··計數單元 12 · ·時脈產生單元 10 13 · ·控制單元 131 ··開關元件 132 ··阻抗元件 14 ··限流單元 b 141 · ·分壓電路 15 142 ··比較電路 2 · ·電池 3 · ·電源 401〜405 ··步驟流程 16FIG. 3 is a charging and discharging curve factory, A, and a diagram of a preferred embodiment of the charging device of the present invention. 5 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the charging method of the present invention. [Description of main components representative symbols of the drawings] 1 · Battery charging device 11 · Counting unit 12 · Clock generation unit 10 13 · Control unit 131 · Switching element 132 · Impedance element 14 · Current limiting unit b 141 · · Voltage dividing circuit 15 142 · · Comparison circuit 2 · · Battery 3 · Power supply 401~405 ··Step flow 16