1291366 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於空氣過濾n，更特別者，殺微生物性空氣過濾、器。 【先前技術】 ^ t空氣中所載致病原和環境過敏原之舉對於需要高水平空氣純度的 兄，例如在醫院中與在對於前述過敏原有嚴重過敏反應的人之住屋 是非常重要者。典型地，呈面罩或空氣導管内過濾器形式之裝 ^可在空氣循環或，在面罩的得情況中，於吸入與呼出的過程中，過 滤出粒狀物質。該面罩和空氣導管過濾器可暫時地將致病原和過敏 原，與粒狀物質例如粉塵捕捉在過濾性材料的表面之上。一旦過濾器 ，到一底限值或在單次使用之後，典型地係將彼等丟棄或於某些情況 中’予以清潔且再度使用。有許多種過濾裝置的設計存在著，彼等的 例子如下： • 1919年十月28日核發給Drew的美國專利第ι，319,763號”Air filter for wall registers” ； • 1973年一月16日核發給Sexton的美國專利第3,710,948 號’’Self-sustaining pocket type filter” ； • 1973年十二月18日核發給Weeks的美國專利第3,779,244 號”Disposable face respirator” ； • 1974年四月9日核發給Bird的美國專利第3,802,429號”Surgical face mask” ； • 1980年四月8日核發給Hausheer的美國專利第4，197，100號”Filtering member for filters” ； • 1989年一月17曰核發給Matkovich的美國專利第4,798,676號，，Low pressure drop bacterial filter and method55 ； • 1996年六月11日核發給Rosen的美國專利第5,525，136號，，Gasketed multi-media air cleaner” ； • 1996年五月5日核發給Nashimoto的美國專利第5,747,053 號’’Antiviral filter air cleaner impregnated with tea extract” 口 • 1999年五月25日核發給Dudley的美國專利第5,906,677 號’’Electrostatic supercharger scrren”。 1291366 剷述諸没汁都患有許多重要缺陷。不利者，於上述諸設計中， 2濾、器或面罩之移除可能促成未經固定化的致病原或S 物貝为政到緊鄰使用者周圍的空氣中，彼等於吸入時可能危害到使用 者：此外，該等設計可能不能將空氣中所載致病原固定化並^彼等 位(m situ)殺死。某些設計係將黏稠物質摻加到過濾性材料之内以捕捉 ，狀物貝。某些设计係將複雜的過濾器排列摻加到短筒的内部，其可 ϋ能於空氣導#或面罩之内。於某些情況巾，仙玻璃纖i作 ，込濾器介質的一部份，該玻璃纖維於配置在靠近 TT子和口之時可能對人體有害。於一種設計中，顯然是將浸泡著消毒 j的棉紗配置在空氣導管之内用以氣霧化進入房間内以維持渴氣含 Ϊ。此等濕消毒劑的使用可能對於在緊鄰該消毒劑附近的人有;且 能不適用於面罩内。 本發明的其他優點可以從詳視所附圖式與仔細地思考下面的說明 而部份地獲得明白。 【發明内容】 本發明可經由提供一種殺微生物性空氣過濾器而減低先前技藝的困難 和缺，，該殺微生物性空氣過濾器可將治病性微生物捕捉在一新穎纖 維固定化網絡之上並予以殺死。為了達到此點，該等纖維在其構造之 内包括有(摻加在其内)抗微生物劑，該抗微生物劑可以實質地殺死該微 ^物並將彼等持留在纖維體之内。此舉可以明顯地減低或實質地減低 /、使用之後及棄置之中微生物從過濾器進一步釋出所伴隨的問題。有 利，，該過濾器可以用為面罩或用在空氣循環導管之内，典型地係作 ，後-過濾器(after-filtei〇或作為一過濾器的下游，且可以捕捉和殺死廣 夕種微生物。合宜地，該等過濾器可由能促使該過濾器洗滌過且再使 用而不會明顯地失去抗微生物活性之材料所製造成。 ^上所述，於本發明一第一具體實例中，提出一種用於空氣通道的殺 f生物性空氣過濾器，該空氣過濾器包括：具有實質地浸潰在其内一 足以將懸浮在移動經過該空氣通道的一體積空氣内之微生物予以 實^地固定化，持留和殺死之至少一種抗微生物性物質，該固定化網 絡係空氣可實質地穿透者。 綜上所述，於本發明一第二具體實例中，提出一種用於空氣通道的殺 1291366 微生物性空氣過濾器，該空氣過濾器包括：具有一量的實質地产沐 其内，足以將懸浮在移動經過該空氣通道的一體積空氣内之微 以實質地固定化，持留且實質地抑制微生物生長之至少一種抗 = 性物質，該固定化網絡係空氣可實質地穿透者。 ； 綜上所述，於本發明一第三具體實例中，提出一種殺微生物性 該面罩包括：經沿著個別的周緣固著住的第一和第二空氣 ς 網元件，鱗_元件在彼等之間界定-_，鱗_元件== 組且將大小調定過以配合使用者的口和鼻並固著於盆周圍· 一;;.^ 穿透性固定化網絡，該固定化網絡具有一量的實質地浸潰在虱】 以將懸浮在移動經過該網絡的一體積空氣内之微生物予實 化，持留且殺狀至少，抗微生祕物質。财㈣貝地固疋 Ϊ於本發Ϊ一第四具體實例中，提出i殺微生物性面罩， 该面罩包括··經沿著個別的周緣固著住的第一和第二空 = 透性固定化網絡，該固疋化網絡係經配置於該間隙 該間隙，該固定化網絡具有一量的實質地浸潰在⑦ #動經過該網絡的一體積空氣内之微生物予以實質地固定化: 實質地抑制微生物生長之至少一種抗微生物性物g。 、 ，亡於本發明一第五具體實例中，提出一種殺微 官過濾器，該空氣導管過濾器包括：經沿著個別的 過以配置到空氣導管之中並固著於其内；— 絡，該固定化網絡係經_在該第一和第二篩網元：之f， 以ίί=潰έϊ内，足以將懸浮在移動、:過的 微生物予以實f地固統，持留且殺死之至少一種抗 述，於本發明一第六具體實例中，提出一種用於介裔;μ 工乳了牙透性固疋化網絡，該固定化網絡係經配置在該第二筛 1291366 足以將懸 持 固定化網絡具有一量的實質地浸潰在其内，疋㈣ 【實施方式】 發明之詳細說明 t體明目的而絕非作為限制地要參照所附圖式說明本發名較 定義 用者，術語，，微生物，，㈣crobe)或，，微生物的，恤癒^^ 去日生物體包括，但不限於，細菌、原、生體、病毒、黴菌 和類似者。於此定義中也包括塵螨(dust mites)。 i七=所使用者’術語”抗微生物劑”意欲用以指稱—種化合物， 旦，止，或破壞微生构例如細菌、原生體、病毒、黴菌和類 #1殳if 5增生。如本文中所使用之抗微生物劑的例子包括抗細菌 ^。病母刮、抗黴劑、抗酵母菌劑、和抗塵螨劑，或彼等的任何組 文f所使用者’術語”抗細菌劑，，意欲用以指稱-種化合物，其可 抑制，防止細菌生長，或殺死細菌者。 文中所使用者，術語，，抗病毒劑，，意欲用以指稱—種化合物，其可 抑制，防止病毒生長，或殺死病毒者。 ί本it戶!^吏用者’術語，，抗黴劑，，意欲用以指稱一種化合物，其可抑 制，防止黴菌生長，或殺死黴菌者。 中所使用者，術語，，抗酵母菌劑，，意欲用以指稱一種化合物，其 了抑制’防止酵母®生長，或殺死酵母菌者。 文中所使用者，術語，，抗塵螨劑，，意欲用以指稱一種化合物，其可 ρ制，防止塵螨生長，或殺死塵螨者。 ^91366 如本文中所使用者，術語，，殺微生物性，，意欲用以指稱任 華 ^於單獨使用或彼此組合使用時，所具有的抑制，生長g 殺死等性質。 〆 致隹具體實例 至此，參考圖1，全盤地以10顯示出的殺微生物性空氣過濾器之一第 一具體實例。廣義而言，該過濾器10包括一空氣可穿透性固定化網 絡12，一空氣可穿透性第一篩網14和一空氣可穿透性第二篩6。 巧第一篩網14和該第二篩網16僅僅是用來支撐該網絡12級界 操作區18。諳於此技者都可以覺察出該固定化網絡12可盥^蓉綠 網14和16獨立地使用0 〃 ^ 該網絡12包括一纖維20的網，其可為不織者或編織者，決定於 要者為軟質或硬質(剛性)網絡。該網絡12也可以包括紗例如棉&，於 ，中交織者纖維20。每一纖維20包括一量的至少一種抗微生物劑，、 該抗微生物劑係經完全地浸潰且與該纖維體20整合在一起藉此在大 表面積上提供大濃度的抗微生物劑。該纖維係經排列使得空£可在整 個網目穿透過彼等，典型地係呈一細層所謂的天使髮(angel/hai 片網(flaky mesh)或類似者之形式。 一 較佳者，該網洛為纖維狀材料。更佳者，該纖維狀材料為商業上 取得之 RHOVYL’A.S.+TM，RHOVYL’As™，THERMOVYL^CB™， THERMOVYL· MXB™，或經 TRICLOSANTr^理過的 PVC 有機纖 維0 、’ RHOVYL，A.S.+TM，RH〇VYL，AsTM，THERMOVYL-MXBTm，和 THERMOVYL-ZCB™ ’都是具有内稟抗微生物活性的纖維材料。特 別者，RHOVYL’As™纖維和THERMOVYL_ZCB™纖維都含有經整 合’或浸潰在纖維體之内的抗細菌劑，而RHOVYUA.S.+™纖維^細 菌劑，RHOVYL’A.S.+™纖維和 THERMOVYL-MXB™纖維也含;‘ 端劑，一種抗塵螨劑。TRICLOSAN™為一種抗微生物劑，其可減^ 微生物例如細菌，酵母菌和黴菌的生長或將彼等殺死。 /、 ’ -該等纖維材料係以純料(100%)或以至少30%的百分比與其他類型纖 維在編織或不織型織物内之混紡形式使用，且彼等都要符合個別保護 性裝置(individual protective equipment)(IPE)之要求。該等纖維材料也 12 1291366 包括’但不限於’非可燃性，對化學產品的抗拒性 …、70 "、、、、、邑緣性’和濕氣管制性(moisturemanagement)〇 母生物劑包括抗細菌劑、抗病毒劑、抗塵瞒劑、抗黴劑 較佳者，該抗細菌劑為TRJCL〇SANTM。 較佳者，該抗塵螨劑為苯甲酸苯甲酯。 ^轉料具有在約α 1微米㈣3微米細⑽空洞率， 雖則此值蚊於要持留住的微生物所具大小。 (〇gr/ft2)之間的岔度。更佳者，該密度為約1〇克每平方呎(1〇获/ft2)。 所f Iff示者，過遽器⑴可為—面罩24的部件，該面罩24 通常所使用者且可能為可擴張者(軟質面罩)或 不了擴張者(剛性面罩），有時候用於有預先過濾過的空氣之區域中。 罔^和^典型地f繞著周緣22連接著且界定在彼等之間的間隙 苗12可以接著到前述諸筛網中之一者以提供針對粒狀物質及 更重要者，病原性微生物兩者的物理障壁。該網絡12以 ^LCROTM型固定具’縫線，黏結和類似者予以接著到筛網14或 16丄或接著到-個別攜帶式面罩24之内部後配帶在個體的鼻/嘴部位 士刖=:面罩24的前面罩篩網25係作為配置在網絡12上游處的初 y過濾器以預先過濾空氣而從沿著一空氣通道通過其中的空 掉粒狀物質與微生物，如箭號所顯示者。 〃 ’、 或者，如圖2a中所示範說明者，該網絡12可以配置在該面罩24 f間隙23中於該刖師網25與一後篩網27之間，如同商業上可以取 ^之過遽面罩者，以創造出-雙向過濾系統，如箭號所顯g者。該前 師網25可以包括一狹縫29以讓該網絡丨2插置到該間隙23之内。此 類型的面罩24可以用於患有呼吸道感染且仍然希望繼續工作， 望經由呼出雜著病原性微生物的氣息感染別人的人。、 13 1291366 塑性材料 '玻璃纖維型U :可為用銘、耐綸(nyM、熱 型織物或類㈣卿㈣不相可用於面罩應用者〗，編織 保剛性與安裝容紐。可刀14，、16整合在一起以確 篩網元件14，16盘决ϋ 疋兀件32以可脫開方式將該兩 以防止接在—起並予以義 持器__咖_，32可為一馳轉夾 何現行空氣Αΐ生ί網圖344帽最佳闞示者，也可以使用任 ίίί ίί ί 概繼36 下 箭號顯示出空氣通道之f游處(圖5中的 全盤地包封住_元件14，16 1 過。框26 棒42係兩以將筛網元件14，16接八Λ、兜乂，該中間強化 該網絡12保持在介於兩元件14二、的件44以侷限 最佳地闡示者，該框26lUif位f ΐ °或者’如圖6中所 ；4 irlrlr;8^ 定元件32也可包括川拓網絡12的鉚釘48佳地閣不者，5亥固 實施例 本發明要經由下面的非限制性實施例予以進—步詳細閣明。 實施例1 剛性和軟質面罩的殺微生物能力與過航力之評估 1291366 容量進行峨。實f和㈣之抗微生物能力和持留 ίί 合峨重含有76 «% τ臓勘 k列如棉5二去日型織物(不過也可以使用任何其他編織型織 ϋ f性護罩係由兩種習用的市售防粉塵護 t^l〇SAN、PVC有:：:二，於兩者之間配置著含有 二i測量裝有網絡的護罩之過遽容量。該小室 一1裝有—預定量的冷凍乾燥微生物。該小室係經 氣樣11之上。試驗護罩係經安裝在接於該空 ϋ盗之間的介面處。在該空氣污染小室内產生 配鮮赫。捕料的下游處 表1 微生物 ----- 尺寸(微米） 過濾效率(％) NBRM NBSM 3M* 細菌 結核分枝桿菌 (Mycobacteria tuberculosis) 0.2-0.7 X 1.0-10 100 100 變形菌屬(Proteus spp.) 〇·4_0·8χ1-3 100 100 產金假單胞菌 (Pseudomonas aureginosa) 0.5-1.0 X 1.5-5 100 100 95 金黃色葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcus aureus) 0.5 X 1.5 100 100 肺炎鏈球菌 (Streptococcus pneumoniae) 0.5-1.5 100 100 流感嗜血菌 (Haemophilius influenze) 1 100 100 炭疽(Anthrax) 1-1.5 X 3-5 100 100 擻菌 __ 15 12913661291366 发明, DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to air filtration, and more particularly to microbicidal air filtration. [Prior Art] ^ The action of pathogens and environmental allergens contained in the air is very important for the brothers who need high levels of air purity, such as in hospitals and those who have severe allergic reactions to the aforementioned allergens. By. Typically, the form of a filter in the form of a mask or air conduit can filter particulate matter during air circulation or, in the case of a mask, during inhalation and exhalation. The mask and air duct filter temporarily captures pathogens and allergens, as well as particulate matter such as dust, over the surface of the filter material. Once the filters are reached to a lower limit or after a single use, they are typically discarded or, in some cases, cleaned and reused. There are a number of design options for filtration devices, such as the following: • US Patent No. ι, 319, 763, “Air filter for wall registers” issued to Drew on October 28, 1919; • Issued on January 16, 1973 U.S. Patent No. 3,710,948 to "Selton-sustaining pocket type filter"; • US Patent No. 3,779,244 "Disposable face respirator" issued to Weeks on December 18, 1973; • issued on April 9, 1974 US Patent No. 3,802,429, "Surgical face mask"; • US Patent No. 4,197,100 "Filtering member for filters" issued to Houusher on April 8, 1980; • Issued to Matkovich on January 17, 1989 US Patent No. 4,798,676, Low pressure drop bacterial filter and method 55; • US Patent No. 5,525,136 issued to Rosen on June 11, 1996, Gasketed multi-media air cleaner”; May 5, 1996 U.S. Patent No. 5,747,053 issued to Nashimoto, 'Antiviral filter air cleaner impregnated with tea extract' U.S. Patent No. 5,906,677 ''Electrostatic supercharger scrren' issued to Dudley on May 25th. 1291366 There are many important flaws in the shovel. Disadvantages, in the above designs, the removal of 2 filters, masks or masks may cause un-immobilized pathogens or S-shells to be in close proximity to the air surrounding the user, which may be harmful to inhalation. Users: In addition, such designs may not immobilize the pathogens contained in the air and kill them in m situ. Some designs incorporate a viscous material into the filter material to capture the scallops. Some designs incorporate a complex filter arrangement into the interior of the short barrel that can be placed inside the air guide # or mask. In some cases, the glass fiber is part of the filter media, which may be harmful to the human body when placed near the TT and the mouth. In one design, it is apparent that the cotton yarn soaked with the disinfecting j is placed in the air duct for aerosolization into the room to maintain the thirst. The use of such wet disinfectants may be for people in the immediate vicinity of the disinfectant; and may not be suitable for use in a mask. Other advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description of the appended claims. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention can reduce the difficulties and deficiencies of the prior art by providing a microbicide air filter that captures therapeutic microorganisms over a novel fiber immobilization network and Kill it. To achieve this, the fibers include (within) an antimicrobial agent within their configuration that substantially kills the microparticles and retains them within the fibrous body. This can significantly reduce or substantially reduce / the problems associated with further release of microorganisms from the filter after use and during disposal. Advantageously, the filter can be used as a mask or in an air circulation conduit, typically as a post-filter (after-filtei〇 or as a downstream of a filter, and can capture and kill the cultivar Microorganisms. Conveniently, the filters may be made of materials which promote the washing of the filter and reuse without significant loss of antimicrobial activity. As described above, in a first embodiment of the invention, A bio-air filter for an air passage is provided, the air filter comprising: a microorganism substantially immersed therein for suspending a volume of air suspended in the air passage Immobilizing, holding, and killing at least one antimicrobial substance, the immobilized network is substantially transparent to air. In summary, in a second embodiment of the present invention, an air passage is provided. Killing 1291366 microbial air filter, the air filter comprising: a quantity of substantial real estate therein, sufficient to suspend within a volume of air moving through the air passage The microscopically immobilized, at least one anti-sex substance that retains and substantially inhibits the growth of microorganisms, the immobilized network is substantially transparent to the air. In summary, a third embodiment of the present invention The present invention provides a microbicide that includes: first and second air enthalpy elements fixed along an individual circumference, the scale elements being defined between them -_, scale_component == The size is adjusted to fit the user's mouth and nose and is fixed around the basin. 1.; Penetration fixed network, the immobilized network has a substantial amount of impregnation in the 虱] to suspend The microorganisms in a volume of air moving through the network are solidified, retaining and killing at least, and are resistant to micro-bio-substance. The financial (4) shellfish is fixed in the fourth specific example of the hairpin, and the micro-killing microorganism is proposed. a mask comprising: first and second air-transparent fixed networks secured along respective peripheral edges, the solidified network being disposed in the gap, the fixed network having a quantity of substantial impregnation in the 7# movement through the network The microorganism in a volume of air is substantially immobilized: at least one antimicrobial substance g which substantially inhibits the growth of microorganisms. In a fifth embodiment of the present invention, a micro-manufacturing filter is proposed, the air duct The filter includes: disposed along the individual to be disposed in the air conduit and fixed therein; the network, the fixed network is _ in the first and second screen elements: f, as ίί In the collapse, it is sufficient to suspend the moving microorganisms, the microorganisms that have been suspended, and to hold and kill at least one of the anti-reports. In a sixth specific example of the present invention, a method is proposed for the genus; The opaque solidification network is configured to be disposed in the second screen 1291366 sufficient to substantially impregnate the suspended immobilization network with an amount thereof, (4) [Embodiment] Invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the description is not to be taken as a limitation. The reference to the description of the present specification, the terminology, the microorganism, (4)crobe) or, the microbe, the including but not limited to, Bacteria, raw, raw, viruses, fungi and the like. Dust mites are also included in this definition. I7 = user's term "antimicrobial agent" is intended to refer to a compound that, for example, kills, or destroys micro-organisms such as bacteria, protozoa, viruses, molds, and species #1殳if 5 proliferation. Examples of antimicrobial agents as used herein include antibacterial agents. The parental scraping, antifungal, anti-yeast, and anti-dust mite, or any of the user's terminology antibacterial agents, are intended to be used to refer to a compound that inhibits To prevent bacterial growth, or to kill bacteria. The user, term, antiviral agent, is intended to refer to a compound that inhibits, prevents the growth of the virus, or kills the virus. The term 'user', an anti-fungal agent, is intended to refer to a compound that inhibits, prevents mold growth, or kills mold. User, terminology, anti-yeast agent, intended to be used To refer to a compound that inhibits 'preventing the growth of yeast®, or killing yeast. The user, term, anti-dusting agent, is intended to refer to a compound that can be used to prevent dust mites. Growing, or killing dust mites. ^91366 As used herein, the term, microbicidal, is intended to refer to any inhibition, growth, killing when used alone or in combination with each other. Death and other nature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Heretofore, referring to Figure 1, a first embodiment of a microbicide air filter shown in its entirety in 10. In a broad sense, the filter 10 includes an air-permeable, fixed network 12, The air permeable first screen 14 and an air permeable second screen 6. The first screen 14 and the second screen 16 are only used to support the network 12 level operating zone 18. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the immobilization network 12 can independently use 0 〃 ^ The network 12 includes a network of fibers 20, which can be a weaver or a weaver, depending on The desired network is a soft or rigid (rigid) network. The network 12 may also include yarns such as cotton &, in, interlacer fibers 20. Each fiber 20 includes an amount of at least one antimicrobial agent, the antimicrobial agent The system is completely impregnated and integrated with the fibrous body 20 to provide a large concentration of antimicrobial agent over a large surface area. The fibers are arranged such that they can penetrate through the entire mesh, typically a fine layer of so-called angel hair (angel/hai flaky mesh or In a preferred form, the mesh is a fibrous material. More preferably, the fibrous material is commercially available RHOVYL'AS+TM, RHOVYL'AsTM, THERMOVYL^CBTM, THERMOVYL·MXB TM, or TRICLOSANT® treated PVC organic fiber 0, 'RHOVYL, AS+TM, RH〇VYL, AsTM, THERMOVYL-MXBTm, and THERMOVYL-ZCBTM' are all fibrous materials with intrinsic antimicrobial activity. RHOVYL'AsTM fiber and THERMOVYL_ZCBTM fiber both contain an antibacterial agent that is integrated or impregnated within the fibrous body, while RHOVYUA.S.+TM fiber^ bacteria, RHOVYL'AS+TM fiber and THERMOVYL- MXBTM fiber also contains; 'end agent, an anti-dusting agent. TRICLOSANTM is an antimicrobial agent that reduces the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts and molds or kills them. /, ' - These fibrous materials are used in pure (100%) or in a blend of at least 30% with other types of fibers in woven or non-woven fabrics, and they are subject to individual protective devices ( Individual protective equipment) (IPE) requirements. These fibrous materials also include 12'291366 including 'but not limited to' non-flammability, resistance to chemical products..., 70 ",,,,,, and moisture management (misturemanagement). Preferably, the antibacterial agent, the antiviral agent, the anti-dusting agent and the anti-fungal agent are TRJCL(R) SANTM. Preferably, the anti-dusting agent is benzyl benzoate. ^The feed has a fine (10) void ratio of about 3 μm (4) and 3 μm, although this value is the size of the microorganism to be retained. The length between (〇gr/ft2). More preferably, the density is about 1 gram per square inch (1 〇 / ft 2 ). The device (1) can be a component of the mask 24, which is typically a user and may be an expandable (soft mask) or an expander (rigid mask), sometimes used in advance. In the area of filtered air.罔^ and ^ typically f are connected around the circumference 22 and the gap seedlings 12 defined between them can be followed by one of the aforementioned screens to provide for particulate matter and more importantly, pathogenic microorganisms Physical barriers. The network 12 is attached to the inner/nose portion of the individual by a ^LCROTM type fixture with sutures, bonds and the like followed by a screen 14 or 16 or subsequent to the interior of the individual carrying mask 24. The front cover screen 25 of the mask 24 serves as a primary y filter disposed upstream of the network 12 to pre-filter air to remove particulate matter and microorganisms from the air passage therethrough, as indicated by the arrow . 、 ', or, as exemplified in Fig. 2a, the network 12 can be disposed in the mask 24f gap 23 between the Yanshi network 25 and a rear screen 27, as can be taken commercially.遽 Masks to create a two-way filtration system, such as the arrow. The predecessor net 25 can include a slit 29 to allow the network port 2 to be inserted into the gap 23. This type of mask 24 can be used for people who have a respiratory infection and still wish to continue working, infecting others by exhaling the breath of pathogenic microorganisms. , 13 1291366 Plastic material 'glass fiber type U: can be used for Ming, nylon (nyM, thermal fabric or class (four) Qing (four) can be used for mask applications, weaving to ensure rigidity and installation capacity. Knife 14, 16 is integrated to make sure that the screen element 14 and the 16-plate member are detachable. The two pieces 32 are detachably connected to prevent the connection and the holder __咖_, 32 can be a transfer clamp What is the current air generation ί network map 344 cap best display, you can also use any of the following 36 arrows to show the air channel f tour (Figure 5 in the whole package to seal the _ component 14 , 16 1 through. Box 26 rod 42 is two to connect the screen elements 14, 16 to the gossip, pocket, and the intermediate reinforcement of the network 12 is maintained between the two elements 14 and the parts 44 to best explain In other words, the frame 26lUif bit f ΐ ° or 'as shown in FIG. 6; 4 irlrlr; 8 ^ fixed component 32 may also include the rivet of the Chuan Tuo network 12 48 good ground, 5 Haigu embodiment of the present invention Further details are given in the following non-limiting examples. Example 1 Evaluation of microbicidal ability and flight capacity of rigid and soft masks 129 1366 capacity for 峨. Real f and (iv) antimicrobial capacity and retention ί 峨 峨 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( The cover is made up of two conventional commercially available anti-dust protections, such as::: two, between which the distribution capacity of the shield containing the network is measured. 1 containing - a predetermined amount of freeze-dried microorganisms. The chamber is above the gas sample 11. The test shield is mounted at an interface between the empty thieves. Downstream of the catch Table 1 Microorganism ----- Size (micron) Filtration efficiency (%) NBRM NBSM 3M* Mycobacteria tuberculosis 0.2-0.7 X 1.0-10 100 100 Proteus Spp.) 〇·4_0·8χ1-3 100 100 Pseudomonas aureginosa 0.5-1.0 X 1.5-5 100 100 95 Staphylococcus aureus 0.5 X 1.5 100 100 Streptococcus Pneumoniae) 0.5-1.5 100 100 Haemophilus Ius influenze) 1 100 100 Anthrax 1-1.5 X 3-5 100 100 擞 __ 15 1291366
Acremonium strctum 3.3-5.5(7) x 0.9 x 1.8 100 100 雜色曲黴 (Aspergillus versicolor) 2-3.5 100 100 96 灰黃青黴（Penicillium griseofulvum) 2.5-3.5 x 2.2-2.5 100 100 Neosartorya fischeri 2x2.5 100 100 NBRM=剛性護罩 NBSM=軟質護罩 *得自技術規範之數據 實施例2 小粒子的過濾評估 使，基本上與實施例1相同的裝置針對兩種〇·3微米粒度的粒狀物質檢 驗實施例ί三種護罩的過濾能力。於此情況中，一配置在空氣泵下游 處的短筒式捕捉膜捕捉穿透過的粒狀物。該空氣泵會在該等護罩的下 游處造出一負壓。所選出的兩種粒狀物質為氯化鈉和苯二甲酸二辛基 醋0 表2 粒狀物質 尺寸(微米） 過滋 【效率(％〕 NBRM NBSM 3M* td^L(NaCl) 0.3 100 100 95 苯二甲酸二辛基酯(DOP) 0.3 100 100 NBRM=剛性護罩 nbsm=軟質護罩 *得自技術規範之數據 通風系統過濾器的殺微生物能力與過濾能力之評估 對於帶有1^0乂¥1；八.3.+顶纖維的圖3具體實例過濾器評估在安裝於 1291366 ξ内通風系統中0，7，14，和21天之後的抗微生物能力。其結果列於 下面的表3至6之中。 、口 、 =前述時間之後取出過濾器並使用Samson法10予以分析。每一過瀹考 $纖維材料(1 *)_去礦質，滅g水(9毫升)稀釋之後，抑系列ϋ 使用血成分測定法完成細菌，酵母菌和黴菌總合量之計算。於各系列 f釋恰當培養基上面培養之後，定出活細菌，酵母菌和黴菌總合 置之气算值。喜氣型活細菌係在大豆瓊脂(TSA，Quelab)上面培養，而 酵母菌和黴菌係在補充著慶大黴素（0.005% p/v)和氧四環素 (〇xytetracycline)(0.01% p/v)以限制細菌生長的的HEA上面培養。HEA ，^8+/-0.2脂pH值可讓孢子萌芽與菌絲體發育。於培育期之後，使用 菌落計(Accu-LifeTM，Fisher)進行微生物菌落計算。細菌菌落的形態型 (morphotype)隙使用革蘭氏染色(Gramstaining)予以鑑定(參看表5)。 有關酵母菌與黴菌的計算，係使用顯微術以性別及/或種別鑑定每一巨 觀上有區別、的黴菌菌落。 使用黏著劑膠帶法11製備黴菌載片。此技術可經由將黴菌固定在膠帶 的黏著側上而維持住黴菌構造的完整性。於收集之後，使用乳酸酚 (lactophenol)染色黴菌並以ι〇χ和4〇x的放大率觀察。經由使用鑑別檢 索表12’13’14’15鑑別黴菌。於此實驗中，只鑑別會產生孢子的菌落。 表3:細菌過濾 ⑩ 過濾後 計算出的細菌(UFC/克） 時間(天數） 活菌 非活菌 總計 0 6000 (3.43%) 169000 (96.57%) 175000 (100%) 7 9000 (2.75%) 318000 (97.25%) 327000 (100%) 一 14 27000 (2.21%) 1193000 (97.79%) 1220000 (100%) 21 70000 (1.88%) 3650000 (98.12%) 3720000 (100%) 17 1291366 表4 :真菌過濾 過濾後 計算出的真畜 5(UFC/克） 時間(天數） 活菌 非活菌 總計 0 29000 (11.74%) 218000 (88.26%) 247000 (100%) 7 110000 (10.19%) 970000 (89.81%) 1080000 (100%) 14 230000 (8.75%) 2400000 (91.25%) 2630000 (100%) 21 1640000 (7.24%) 21000000 (92.76%) 22640000 (100%) 表5 :細菌形態型之鑑定 過濾後 (天數） 細菌形態型 0 78.4%革蘭氏陽性球菌 21.6%格蘭氏陰性桿菌 7 84.3%革蘭氏陽性球菌 15.7%格蘭氏陰性桿菌 14 86.7%革蘭氏陽性球菌 13.3%格蘭氏陰性桿菌 21 88.9%革蘭氏陽性球菌 11.1%格蘭氏陰性桿菌 表6 : 擻菌種別之鑑定 過濾後 (天數） 擻菌種別 0 黑曲黴(Aspergillus niger) 芽枝狀枝孢(Cladosporium cladosporioides) 扁豆枝孢(Cladosporium herbarum) 青黴屬(Penicillium sp.) 18 1291366 酵母菌 . 7 黑曲黴(Aspergillus niger) 芽枝狀枝孢(Cladosporium cladosporioides) 爲豆枝孢(Cladosporium herbarum) 青黴屬(Penicillium sp.) 酵母菌 14 鏈格孢(Altemaria altemata) 節菱孢屬(Arthrinium sp.) 黑曲黴(Aspergillus niger) 枝孢屬(Cladosporium sp·) 地黴屬(Geotrichum sp.) 青黴屬(Penicillium sp·) 酵母菌 21 黑曲黴(Aspergillus niger) 芽枝狀枝孢(Cladosporium cladosporioides) 扁豆枝孢(Cladosporium herbarum) 青黴屬(Penicillium sp·) 酵母菌Acremonium strctum 3.3-5.5(7) x 0.9 x 1.8 100 100 Aspergillus versicolor 2-3.5 100 100 96 Penicillium griseofulvum 2.5-3.5 x 2.2-2.5 100 100 Neosartorya fischeri 2x2.5 100 100 NBRM = rigid shroud NBSM = soft shroud * data from technical specifications. Example 2 Filtration evaluation of small particles. Substantially the same apparatus as in Example 1 was carried out for the inspection of two granular materials of 〇·3 micron particle size. Example ί The filtering capabilities of the three shields. In this case, a short cartridge capture membrane disposed downstream of the air pump captures the penetrating particulates. The air pump creates a negative pressure at the downstream of the shrouds. The two selected granular materials are sodium chloride and dioctyl phthalate 0. Table 2 Granular material size (micron) Too efficiency [%] NBRM NBSM 3M* td^L(NaCl) 0.3 100 100 95 Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) 0.3 100 100 NBRM=Rigid Shield nbsm=Soft Shield* Data from the technical specification Ventilation system filter for microbial capacity and filtration capacity evaluation for 1^0乂¥1; VIII.3. + top fiber Figure 3 Specific example filter evaluates the antimicrobial capacity after 0, 7, 14, and 21 days of installation in the 1291366 squat ventilation system. The results are listed in the table below. 3 to 6. Port, = Remove the filter after the previous time and analyze it using the Samson method 10. After each dilution of the fiber material (1 *) _ demineralized, after g water (9 ml) is diluted, Suppression series ϋ Calculate the total amount of bacteria, yeast and mold by blood component determination method. After culturing on the appropriate medium of each series, determine the total gas value of live bacteria, yeast and mold. Type of live bacteria cultured on soybean agar (TSA, Quelab), and yeast The mold line was cultured on HEA supplemented with gentamicin (0.005% p/v) and oxytetracycline (0.01% p/v) to limit bacterial growth. HEA, ^8 +/- 0.2 lipid pH The value allows spore germination and mycelial development. After the incubation period, the colony count is calculated using the colony meter (Accu-LifeTM, Fisher). The morphotype gap of the bacterial colonies is identified by Gramstaining. (See Table 5.) For the calculation of yeast and mold, each macroscopically differentiated mold colony was identified by microscopy using gender and/or species. Mold slides were prepared using Adhesive Tape Method 11. Techniques can maintain the integrity of the mold construction by immobilizing the mold on the adhesive side of the tape. After collection, the mold is stained with lactophenol and observed at magnifications of 〇χ and 4〇x. Search for the mold in the table 12'13'14'15. In this experiment, only the colonies that produce spores were identified. Table 3: Bacterial filtration 10 Bacteria calculated after filtration (UFC/g) Time (days) Live bacteria are not alive Total bacteria 0 6000 (3.43 %) 169000 (96.57%) 175000 (100%) 7 9000 (2.75%) 318000 (97.25%) 327000 (100%) A 14 27000 (2.21%) 1193000 (97.79%) 1220000 (100%) 21 70000 (1.88% ) 3650000 (98.12%) 3720000 (100%) 17 1291366 Table 4: Real animal 5 (UFC/g) time (days) calculated by fungal filtration and filtration Non-viable bacteria of live bacteria total 0 29000 (11.74%) 218000 (88.26 %) 247000 (100%) 7 110000 (10.19%) 970000 (89.81%) 1080000 (100%) 14 230000 (8.75%) 2400000 (91.25%) 2630000 (100%) 21 1640000 (7.24%) 21000000 (92.76%) 22640000 (100%) Table 5: Identification of bacterial morphological type After filtration (days) Bacterial morphotype 0 78.4% Gram-positive cocci 21.6% Gram-negative bacillus 7 84.3% Gram-positive cocci 15.7% gram negative Bacillus 14 86.7% Gram-positive cocci 13.3% Gram-negative bacillus 21 88.9% Gram-positive cocci 11.1% Gram-negative bacilli Table 6: Identification of sputum species After filtration (days) Sputum species 0 Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Cladosporium cladosporioides Cladosporium herbarum Penicillium (Pen Icillium sp.) 18 1291366 Yeast. 7 Aspergillus niger Cladosporium cladosporioides is Cladosporium herbarum Penicillium sp. Yeast 14 Altemaria altemata Arthrinium sp. Aspergillus niger Cladosporium sp. Geotrichum sp. Penicillium sp. Yeast 21 Aspergillus niger Bud Cladosporium cladosporioides Cladosporium herbarum Penicillium sp. Yeast
討論— 明 至 =^止，商業上可取得之護罩都因為彼等不能捕捉和殺死超過 的锨生物而有所礙阻。以面罩和在通風系統内的過減❶ 殺微生物性罐切嫌實在酿和殺級社 =CL〇SAN、PVC有機纖維作為粒狀物過濟 ，抗、、，田鹵和抗Mi過濾器之效用性。對於軟質面罩和 似 能力，姆㈣#上可料之護軍之 抗真菌和持留能力都分別達到100%。 〃抗、、、田邊’ 此外，本案發明人也已經證實，如表5中所千去 不同的細菌形態型被捕捉在過滤器上，有96·6% (分別=)==1 19 1291366 ί ί ί ί 桿λ的總細菌群數存在於過濾、器的 财料紅奸㈣w地么前述諸能 過其，為在前述面罩中或在循環系統導管過遽器之中，的 ziff徵為將與纖維20的網絡12接觸之廣多種微生物予以固定 ϊ死或抑制生長之能力。於循環系統的情況中經預先過濾 =工士，或由使用者通過面罩吸入/呼出的空氣，都時常包括著通過初 步過濾器的殘留微生物或因過濾器不能固定化的殘留微生物。於使用 本發明面罩且患有上呼吸道感染，例如流行性感冒，肺炎，炭疽，嚴 重急性呼吸道徵候群(SARS)和類似者的人之情況中，可以明顯地減低 或基本上消除掉對其他人的進一步感染。類似者，被病原性微生物污 染到的空氣可以在進入使用者的鼻子和口部位之前就被過濾掉。在圖 2,2a，>和5之中，空氣的流動係使用箭號顯示出，其中被微生物污染 的空氣係用影線顯示出而無影線箭號則顯示出乾淨的過濾過之空氣。 类考文獻(以引用方式併於太女、 1. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH respirator decision logic. Cincinnati, Ohio: Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health service, CDC, 1987: 13-9; DHHS publication no. (NIOSH) 87-108.Discussion - Mingzhi = ^, commercially available shields are hampered by their inability to capture and kill more than the scorpion. With the mask and the reduction in the ventilation system, the microbial cans are suspected to be brewed and killed by the company. CL〇SAN, PVC organic fiber as the granules, anti-,,, field halogen and anti-Mi filter Utility. For soft masks and abilities, the anti-fungal and retention capacity of the defenders on the squad can reach 100%. In addition, the inventor of this case has also confirmed that as shown in Table 5, different bacterial morphological types are captured on the filter, 96.6% (respectively =) = 1 19 1291366 ί ί ί ί The total bacterial population of the rod λ is present in the filter, the material of the rape (4) w, the above-mentioned energy can pass it, in the aforementioned mask or in the circulation system catheter, the ziff sign is A wide variety of microorganisms in contact with the network 12 of fibers 20 are capable of immobilizing or inhibiting growth. Pre-filtered in the case of a circulatory system = the air, or the air inhaled/exhaled by the user through the mask, often includes residual microorganisms passing through the primary filter or residual microorganisms that cannot be immobilized by the filter. In the case of a person using the mask of the present invention and having an upper respiratory tract infection, such as influenza, pneumonia, anthrax, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the like, the other person can be significantly reduced or substantially eliminated. Further infection. Similarly, air contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms can be filtered out before entering the nose and mouth of the user. In Figures 2, 2a, > and 5, the flow of air is indicated by arrows, where the air contaminated by microorganisms is shown by hatching and the shadowless arrows show clean filtered air. . References (by reference to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH respirator decision logic. Cincinnati, Ohio: Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health service, CDC, 1987: 13-9; DHHS publication no. (NIOSH) 87-108.
2. TB Respiratory Protection Program in Health Care Facilities Administrator 5s Guide, (http ://w wwxde. gov/niosh/99-> 143 .htmlV 3. 3M Soins de sante Canada; Une protection fiable a chaque respiration; 3M® 2002. 4. MMWR; Laboratory Performance Evaluation of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators, 1996 (December 11,1998) 5. Edwin H. Lennette，Albert Balows，William J. Hausler，Jr. HL Jean Shadomy，1985， Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 6. Robert A. Samson, Ellen S. van Reenen-Hoekstra, 1990, Introduction to food-bome Fungi. 7. G. Nolt, Noel R. Krieg, Peter H. A. Sneath, James T. Staley, Stanley, T. Williams, 1291366 1994, Bergey9s Manual of Determinative bacteriology. 8. Fradkin A (1987) Sampling of microbiological contaminants in indoor air, in: sampling and calibration for atmospheric measurements ASTM Special Technical Publication, 957:66-77. 9. 42 CFR Part 84 Respiratory Protective Devices, (http://wwwxdc.gov/niosh/pt84abs2.html)· 10. Samson, RA. 1985. Air sampling methods for biological contaminants. Document de travail foumi au Groupe sur les champignons dans Tair des maisons de Sante et Bien-etre social Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A1L2. 11. Koneman, W.E. et G.D. Roberts. 1985. Practical laboratory mycology. 3rd ed. Williams and Wilkins. Baltimore. MD.2. TB Respiratory Protection Program in Health Care Facilities Administrator 5s Guide, (http://w wwxde.gov/niosh/99-> 143.htmlV 3. 3M Soins de sante Canada; Une protection fiable a chaque respiration; 3M® 2002. 4. MMWR; Laboratory Performance Evaluation of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators, 1996 (December 11, 1998) 5. Edwin H. Lennette, Albert Balows, William J. Hausler, Jr. HL Jean Shadomy, 1985, Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 6. Robert A. Samson, Ellen S. van Reenen-Hoekstra, 1990, Introduction to food-bome Fungi. 7. G. Nolt, Noel R. Krieg, Peter HA Sneath, James T. Staley, Stanley, T. Williams, 1291366 1994, Bergey9s Manual of Determinative bacteriology. 8. Fradkin A (1987) Sampling of microbiological contaminants in indoor air, in: sampling and calibration for atmospheric measurements ASTM Special Technical Publication, 957: 66-77. 9. 42 CFR Part 84 Respiratory Protective Devices, (http://wwwxdc.gov/niosh/pt84abs2.html)· 10. Samson, RA. 1985. Air sampling methods Document de travail foumi au Groupe sur les champignons dans Tair des maisons de Sante et Bien-etre social Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A1L2. 11. Koneman, WE et GD Roberts. 1985. Practical laboratory mycology. 3rd ed. Williams and Wilkins. Baltimore. MD.
12. Domsch, K.H., W. Gams et T.-H. Anderson. 1980. Compendium of soil fungi. Academic Press. London. 13. Larone, D.H. 1987. Medically important fungi. A guide to identification. New York. Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc. 14. Malloch, D. 1981. Moulds, their isolation, cultivation and identification. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 97 p. 15. St-Germain, G et R.C. SummerbelL 1996. Champignons filamenteux dMnteret medical: Caracteristiques et identification. Star Publishing Company. Belmont. CA. 【圖式簡單說明】 於所附圖式中，相同的指示數字從頭到尾都指示相同的元件。 圖1為一過滤器具體實例的簡化解剖圖； 囷2為一帶有該過濾器的面罩之簡化部份局部剖示圖； 囷2a為另一面罩具體實例之簡化部份局部剖示圖· 圖3為一過濾器在一框内的具體實例之簡化解剖圖· 圖4為一帶有一初步過濾器的過濾器之簡化解剖圖· 圖5為一帶有該過濾器的空氣循環系統之簡化解刊圖· 圖6為一用於圖5的糸統内之另一過濟沾％ 愿裔的間化前視圖； 21 1291366 圖7為一用於圖5的系統内之另一過濾器的簡化前視圖，顯示出作為 固定元件的縫線； 圖8為一用於圖5的系統内之另一過濾器的簡化前視囷，顯示出作為 固定元件的鉚釘；且 圖9為一沿著圖7的線9-9採取的橫斷面圖。 [元件符號說明] 10 空氣過濾器 12 固定化網絡 14 第一篩網 16 第二篩網 18 操作區 20 纖維 22 周緣 23 間隙 24 殺微生物性面罩 25 前篩網 26 剛質框 27 後師網 28，30 部件 29 狹縫 32 固定元件 34 剛性篩網 36 現行空氣過濾器 38 空氣導管 40 空氣循環系統 42 中間強化棒 44 子元件 44 子區 46 縫線 48 鉚釘12. Domsch, KH, W. Gams et T.-H. Anderson. 1980. Compendium of soil fungi. Academic Press. London. 13. Larone, DH 1987. Medically important fungi. A guide to identification. New York. Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc. 14. Malloch, D. 1981. Moulds, their isolation, cultivation and identification. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 97 p. 15. St-Germain, G et RC SummerbelL 1996. Champignons filamenteux dMnteret medical: Caracteristiques [Brief Description of the Drawings] In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same elements from the beginning to the end. Figure 1 is a simplified anatomical view of a specific embodiment of a filter; 囷 2 is a simplified partial partial cross-sectional view of a mask with the filter; 囷 2a is a simplified partial partial cross-sectional view of another mask embodiment 3 is a simplified anatomical view of a specific example of a filter in a frame. Fig. 4 is a simplified anatomical view of a filter with a preliminary filter. Fig. 5 is a simplified exploded view of an air circulation system with the filter. Figure 6 is a front view of another intervening for use in the system of Figure 5; 21 1291366 Figure 7 is a simplified front view of another filter for use in the system of Figure 5. Figure shows a simplified front view of another filter used in the system of Figure 5, showing the rivet as a fixed element; and Figure 9 is a A cross-sectional view taken on line 9-9. [Component Symbol Description] 10 Air Filter 12 Immobilized Network 14 First Screen 16 Second Screen 18 Operating Area 20 Fiber 22 Peripheral 23 Clearance 24 Microbicidal Mask 25 Front Screen 26 Rigid Frame 27 Rear Train Net 28 , 30 parts 29 Slits 32 Fixing elements 34 Rigid screens 36 Current air filters 38 Air ducts 40 Air circulation systems 42 Intermediate reinforcing bars 44 Sub-components 44 Sub-zone 46 Suture 48 Rivets
22twenty two