1290494 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係指-種料錢鋼氧化伽破碎、磁選、筛分後 用來取代混凝土中關於粗骨材之顧，更詳而言之，特別係 才曰:種利用不銹鋼氧化禮取代混凝土材料中粗骨材材料，進 2省國家砂石資源及降低不_煉鋼場事業廢棄物處理 有效轉化成可用資源之不_氧㈣取代混凝 料粗骨材之應用。 【先前技術】1290494 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention refers to the oxidized gamma crushing, magnetic separation, and sieving of a seed material, which is used to replace the concrete in the concrete, and more specifically, The system uses the stainless steel oxidation ceremony to replace the coarse aggregate material in the concrete material, enters the national sandstone resources of the two provinces, and reduces the non-smelting steel industry waste treatment and effectively converts it into usable resources. _ Oxygen (4) replaces the aggregate Application of coarse aggregates. [Prior Art]
按，鋼鐵工業發展百餘年來，煉鋼爐之爐碴處理問題一 ，有著生產與環保兩者皆須兼備之重大難題，目前國内大多 是直接將煉鋼爐碴運送至自行規劃之碴場傾倒掩埋。 一般不銹鋼在關於混凝土粒料之資源化應兩，在規範方 面現有CNS 14602道路用鋼爐碴之國家標準認可其適用性， 但不銹鋼爐韻尚未㈣確的使用方法。不制爐破為生產 不銹，製品之副產品，屬於—般事業廢棄物，國内之不錢鋼 年產量約30至40 ^，在國内砂石日益短缺，而已部分仰 賴進口砂石的同時，如何將不銹鋼爐碴轉化成可利用之資源 係為目前所刻不容缓之課題。 再者，以減少混凝土材料中砂石材料之使用量，改善國 内之砂石材料因河川禁採所面臨的短缺現象。 緣疋，本案發明人從事不銹鋼爐渣之開發與研究多年， 對於相關用途的優缺點有相當程度的瞭解，由前述分析得 知，以往對於不銹鋼爐渣之處理僅為一般廢棄物處理，並無 資源回收再利用的方法，而且長期以來，更未曾見諸有任& 改ί之產生，有鍟於此，本案發明人遂針對以上缺點而進行 7九希望研發出一種能夠有效提升不錢鋼爐禮的經濟效 孤’進而改善國内砂石材料因河川禁採所面臨的短缺現象， 而以不錄鋼氧化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨材為之應用。 5 1290494 即’本發明之主要目的’在於提供一種不錢鋼氧化破取 代混凝土材料粗骨材之應用，其係可使不銹鋼爐渣有最佳之 回收資源、再應用之效果，並且使不銹鋼爐渣有效的減少環 境污染的衝擊，可安心使用於混凝土工程，達到永續經營的 目的，並可提昇產業競爭力、節省國家資源，亦可降低環境 >可染的風險，將工業廢棄物轉化成有效的資源。 【發明内容】 依據上述之㈣，本冑作所述的不錄鋼氧 ，料粗骨材之應用，其主要是利用煉製不銹鋼所-產：：： 產品氧化碴，該氧化碴利用破碎、磁選及篩分之程序，將 化禮之顆粒大小形態合於混凝土骨材中 可取代混凝土工程用之粗骨材之使用，而將不= 爐石—之氧化料效_收再㈣，㈣f源化效果。 ，對於本發明之目的、功效及特徵能有㈣細明確 、瞭解’鈥舉出如下述較佳之實施例並配合圖示說 【實施方式】 · 請參Μ第-圖為本發明之取代混凝土材料示意圖、以及 :::所：本發明之不錢鋼氧化毯破碎至筛分流程之參考 :〔)及1Γη"~7不之本發明*錢鋼氧化破粗骨材D.9cm (三 六分）料參考照片，如圖及附件所示，本發 $ 不錢鋼氧化石查取代混凝土材料粗骨材之應用，立 中，本發明係針對不銹鋼燐 "Ν 土材㈣㈣Hi 中的氧化碴10取代混凝 種新的含氧㈣混凝土⑴不錄鋼氧 化禮於取代粗骨材時’將破碎後之〇·9 cm (三分）及2 (六分）粒徑的不銹鋼氧化讀破 找出取代混凝土粗骨材之最佳；di性f试驗等藉以 人士τ' , 取佳取代里，其實一般混凝土中包 凝土 *泥及水’本發明所述的氧化碴即係用以取 代混凝土中的石頭者。 ％ 1290494 而為使不錢鋼氧化禮取代混凝土材料中之粗骨材材 料，該不銹鋼煉鋼時所產生的氧化碴及還原碴，其中氧化痛 為塊狀’還原禮為粉狀，故在不錢鋼爐禮取代混凝土骨材用 篁之性質上乃以不錢鋼氧化碴為對象，由於氧化毯之型態大 小顆粒不均，故先須經破碎步驟將爐碴破碎成特定粒徑之氧 化碴、磁選步驟將具有磁性之金屬元素加以磁選收集並同時 區分出不具磁性之氧化碴及篩分步驟將不同粒徑之氧化碴 分別加以篩選分級之過程，將破碎後之不銹鋼爐碴分類。 又不銹鋼氧化碴適合一般預拌混凝土使用之粗骨材尺 寸，而以不銹鋼氧化碴為對象，需先經破碎、磁選及篩分之 過程，將破碎後之不銹鋼氧化碴分類為〇 9cm (三分）及2 〇 CIDy(六分）等不同粒彳 1，以適合—般混凝土使用之粗骨材尺 〇讀’再藉以取代-般粗骨材〇%、⑽、5〇%、⑽、⑽ :各種不同的用量來觀察混合有不錢鋼爐奴混凝土之性 讀取1#^—、二、四圖’其分別係為本發明不錢鋼氧化 取代粗月材之級配表、不錄鋼氧㈣取代粗骨材之比重 太發Γ日錄鋼氧化魏代粗骨材之空隙率表，如圖所示可知， 用，d之不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨材之應 破了 ：：選及筛分後之不錢鋼氧化破0.9 混凝土粗骨材之級配要求;根 較-般骨材之比=:『7’二不銹鋼氧化禮之比重2·9 一般骨材時會使㈣土之〜表7^不_氧化確取代 禮取代量時須注意提南此：為決定不錢鋼氧化 空隙率為⑽較一般粒骨材素為之大一(’此:J錄鋼氧化磓的 38%)，但并一★险左月材為大（一般粗骨材之空隙率為 -工隙率仍符合粗骨材空隙率的規範值35%〜 1290494 50%之内。 由上述結果可知，不錢鋼氧化雜代粗骨材的基本性質 勿析結果顯示’不論骨材級配分料形、比重值及空隙率皆 般粗骨材相近’ _a_符合相關規範之規定，故不錢鋼氧化 碴應p昆合使用在混凝土之中，而取代骨材材料。 a请，閲第五、六圖’其分別係為本發明不錢鋼氧化禮粗 月材磨損率表、不錄鋼氧化破粗骨材損耗量表，如圖表所示 可知’本發明所述之不錄鋼氧㈣取代混凝土材料粗骨材之 應用，其中，該不錄鋼氧化禮取代粗骨材之磨損率為犯^ # %比一般骨材略高，但仍符合CNS1240粗骨材磨損率規範之 50%的要求歧以内，·此外，由不錢鋼氧化韻泡在飽和硫 酸鎮溶液中之耗損結果顯示，可知其耗損量為3 〇6%，比 CNS1240規範中粗骨材要求的碎石、碟石損耗量⑽及空氣 冷卻爐碴損耗量12%為低，顯示不錢鋼氧化破硫酸鹽腐姓損 耗符合規範要求。 由上述結果可知，不銹鋼氧化碴粗骨材可耐磨損之堅硬 程度以及可耐硫酸鹽腐蝕損耗之程度皆符合規範要求，確可 作為此凝土之骨材使用，故不銹鋼氧化碴使用於混凝土而取 肇代粗骨材時，具有耐磨損及抵抗風化的能力。 4參閲第七圖，其係為本發明不銹鋼爐碴取代粗骨材配 比表，如圖表所示，本發明所述之以不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝 土中之粗骨材，其中，以不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土中之粗骨 材，以絕對體積配比設計法設計計算，隨著取代量越高，混 凝土的單位重量越大。 、請參閱第八、九圖，其分別係為本發明不銹鋼氧化碴取 代粗月材之混滅土抗壓強度表、不銹鋼氧化碴取代粗骨材之 混凝土抗壓強度曲線示意圖，根據結果顯示，本發明所述之 不錢鋼氧化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨材之應用，其中，由不錢 8 1290494 鋼氧化碴分別取代混凝土粗骨材〇%、25%、50%、了5%、 100% 之取代量，依 CNS1232 規範進行 7、28、56、90、12°〇、 180及240天之齡期，其抗壓強度測試值顯示，在各齡期的 抗壓強度會隨著不銹鋼氧化碴取代量的增加而增加，且以不 銹鋼氧化碴完全取代一般粗骨材（100%)之抗壓強度為最 佳。 另強度比值表示不錢鋼氧化禮的取代效益，針對利用不 銹鋼氧化磕取代一般粗骨材的機制而言，確實具有正面的效 果且又以不銹鋼氧化禮完全取代粗骨材的效益最佳。 造成不銹鋼氧化禮混凝土抗壓強度高於一般粗骨材混 凝土的原因，為氧化碴表面係為粗糙表面而可造成與水泥砂 漿接著面積增加，提高粗骨材與水泥砂漿的鍵結能力，進而 提高不銹鋼氧化碴混凝土的抗壓強度。 請參閱第十、十一圖，其分別係為本發明不銹鋼氧化碴 取代混凝土粗骨材超音波波速表、不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土 粗骨材超音波波速曲線圖，如圖表所示，本發明所述之不銹 鋼氧化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨材之應用，其中，該混凝土是 由粗骨材、細骨材及水泥砂漿所組成的複合材料，由於内部 可能產生很多的界面或缺陷，此界面或缺陷可藉由非破壞檢 驗的超音波’以量測脈波在介質的傳遞速度來評估，就一般 利用超音波波速檢測物質的結構特質而言，爰檢測物質的質 料結構如果愈是均勻緻密，則超音波波速在該爰檢測物質之 波速一定愈快，概因質料結構愈是均勻緻密代表該質料係為 一好的介值，而介值愈佳，波速將愈快。混凝土之超音波波 速與其組成材料之彈性性質及密度也有成正比的相關性，不 同種類之骨材’由於其波速一定會有所差異，亦即不同的質 料結構都將會影響到混凝土的波速表現。再者，混凝土中之 粗骨材、細骨材及水泥砂漿之波傳速度亦有不同；一般而According to the development of the steel industry for more than 100 years, the problem of furnace treatment in steelmaking furnaces has a major problem that both production and environmental protection must be combined. At present, most of the domestic direct delivery of steelmaking furnaces to the self-planned market Dumped and buried. Generally, the recycling of stainless steel in concrete pellets should be two. In the standard, the national standard of CNS 14602 road steel furnace is approved for its applicability, but the stainless steel furnace rhyme has not yet (4) the exact method of use. If the furnace is not produced, it will be a by-product of the production of non-rust products. It is a general-purpose waste. The annual output of domestic non-crown steel is about 30 to 40 ^. The domestic sandstone is in short supply, and it has been partly dependent on imported sand and gravel. How to convert stainless steel furnaces into usable resources is an urgent task. Furthermore, in order to reduce the use of sand and gravel materials in concrete materials, the shortage of sand and gravel materials in the country due to river bans will be improved. Yuan Zhen, the inventor of this case engaged in the development and research of stainless steel slag for many years, and has a considerable understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of related applications. From the above analysis, it is known that the treatment of stainless steel slag is only general waste treatment, and there is no resource recovery. The method of re-use, and for a long time, it has never seen the emergence of the & change, and the inventor of this case has made a decision on the above shortcomings to develop a kind of The economic effect of the solitary 'in turn to improve the shortage of domestic sand and gravel materials due to river ban, and the use of non-recorded steel cerium instead of concrete material coarse aggregate for its application. 5 1290494, that is, 'the main purpose of the present invention' is to provide an application of the non-constant steel oxidized broken concrete material coarse aggregate, which can make the stainless steel slag have the best recovery resources, the effect of re-application, and make the stainless steel slag effective. The impact of reducing environmental pollution can be safely used in concrete projects to achieve the goal of sustainable operation, and can enhance industrial competitiveness, save national resources, reduce environmental pollution, and convert industrial waste into effective resource of. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the above (4), the application of the non-recorded steel oxygen and coarse aggregate material described in the present invention is mainly made by using stainless steel to produce::: product cerium oxide, which is broken, The process of magnetic separation and screening will replace the particle size and shape of the ritual with the concrete aggregate to replace the use of the coarse aggregate for concrete engineering, but will not = the oxidized effect of the hearthstone_receive (4), (4) f source Effect. For the purpose, function and features of the present invention, it is possible to have (4) be clear and understand that 'the preferred embodiment is as follows and with the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment] Please refer to the figure - Figure for replacing the concrete material of the present invention. Schematic, and :::: The reference of the invention of the non-monetary steel oxide blanket broken to the screening process: [) and 1Γη"quot;~7 not the invention * Qiangang oxidized broken coarse aggregate D.9cm (three or six points The reference photo, as shown in the figure and attached, is used to replace the coarse aggregate of concrete material. The center of the invention is for the stainless steel 燐"Ν土(4)(4)Hi 碴10 Replace the new oxygen-containing (tetra) concrete of the concrete (1). If the steel is replaced by the oxidation, the oxidation of the stainless steel with the particle size of 9 cm (three points) and 2 (six points) will be found. It is the best substitute for the concrete coarse aggregate; the di-f test is used by the person τ', and in the best replacement, in general, the concrete is covered with clay* and water. The cerium oxide according to the invention is used to replace the concrete. The stone in the person. % 1290494 And in order to replace the coarse aggregate material in the concrete material, the yttrium oxide and the reduced yttrium produced by the stainless steel steelmaking, wherein the oxidative pain is a blocky 'reduction ceremony is powdery, so no The nature of the steel slab used to replace the concrete slab is based on the nature of the steel bismuth oxide. Because of the uneven size of the oxidized blanket, the furnace must be crushed into a specific particle size by the crushing step. In the 碴 and magnetic separation steps, the magnetic metal elements are magnetically collected and simultaneously distinguished from the non-magnetic cerium oxide and the sieving step to separate and classify the cerium oxides of different particle sizes, and the crushed stainless steel furnaces are classified. Stainless steel cerium oxide is suitable for the coarse aggregate size of general ready-mixed concrete. For stainless steel cerium oxide, it needs to be crushed, magnetically selected and sieved to classify the crushed stainless steel cerium oxide into 〇9cm (three points). ) and 2 〇CIDy (six points) and other different granules1, which are suitable for the general use of concrete, and then replaced by the same type of coarse aggregate 〇%, (10), 〇%, (10), (10): Various kinds of different amounts to observe the mixed nature of the steel stoves, the 1#^-, 2, and 4 maps are the grading tables of the non-consolidated steel oxides instead of the coarse moons. The proportion of oxygen (4) instead of coarse aggregate is too high. The void ratio table of the oxidized Weide coarse aggregate of Niobium Steel is shown in the figure. It is known that the stainless steel yttrium oxide of d replaces the coarse aggregate of concrete material: After sieving and sieving, the steel oxidized broken 0.9 grading requirements of concrete coarse aggregate; the ratio of root to normal aggregate =: "7' two stainless steel oxidation ceremony weight ratio 2. 9 general aggregate material will make (four) The soil ~ table 7 ^ not _ oxidation does replace the ritual replacement amount must pay attention to mentioning this: for the decision not to iron steel oxygen The void ratio is (10) larger than that of the general grain aggregate ('this: 38% of the yttrium oxide of J recorded steel), but the weight of the left moon is large (the void ratio of the general coarse aggregate - the gap) The rate still meets the standard value of the coarse aggregate void ratio of 35%~1290494 within 50%. From the above results, it can be seen that the basic properties of the non-consolidated steel oxidized hybrid coarse aggregates show that no matter the aggregate grading material shape, The specific gravity value and the void ratio are similar to the coarse aggregates' _a_ in accordance with the relevant specifications, so the non-coin steel bismuth oxide should be used in the concrete instead of the aggregate material. a Please, read the fifth and sixth Fig. 'These are respectively the non-constant steel oxidized slabs of the monthly wear rate of the invention, the non-recorded steel oxidized broken aggregate loss scale, as shown in the chart, 'the invention does not record the steel oxygen (four) replaces the concrete The application of the material coarse aggregate, wherein the wear rate of the non-recorded steel oxide substitute for the coarse aggregate is slightly higher than the general aggregate, but still meets the requirements of 50% of the CNS1240 coarse aggregate wear rate specification. In addition, in addition, the loss results of the oxidized bubble in the saturated sulfuric acid solution show that It is known that the loss is 3 〇 6%, which is lower than the crushed stone and disc stone loss (10) required by the coarse aggregate in the CNS 1240 specification and the air cooling furnace loss of 12%, indicating that the steel oxide is broken and the sulphate is lost. According to the above requirements, it can be seen from the above results that the stainless steel yttrium oxide coarse aggregate can withstand the hardness of the wear and the degree of resistance to sulfate corrosion loss are in compliance with the specifications, and can be used as the aggregate of the concrete, so the stainless steel is oxidized.碴When used in concrete and used to replace coarse aggregates, it has the ability to resist abrasion and weathering. 4 Refer to the seventh figure, which is the ratio of stainless steel furnace to coarse aggregate in the present invention, as shown in the chart. According to the invention, the stainless steel cerium oxide is used to replace the coarse aggregate in the concrete, wherein the coarse aggregate in the concrete is replaced by the stainless steel cerium oxide, and the design is calculated by the absolute volume ratio design method, and the concrete is replaced with the higher substitution amount. The greater the unit weight. Please refer to the eighth and ninth figures, which are respectively a schematic diagram of the concrete compressive strength table of the stainless steel cerium oxide instead of the coarse moon material, and the concrete compressive strength curve of the stainless steel cerium oxide instead of the coarse aggregate, according to the results, The invention relates to the application of the non-constant steel cerium oxide to replace the coarse material of the concrete material, wherein the concrete slag is replaced by the sulphur samarium 8 1290494, respectively, 25%, 25%, 50%, 5%, 100% The substitution amount is 7, 28, 56, 90, 12 ° 〇, 180 and 240 days old according to the CNS1232 specification. The compressive strength test value shows that the compressive strength at each age will follow the stainless steel yttrium oxide. The amount of substitution increases, and the compressive strength of the general coarse aggregate (100%) is completely replaced by stainless steel cerium oxide. The other strength ratio indicates the substitution benefit of the non-steel oxidized ritual. The mechanism for using the stainless steel cerium oxide instead of the general coarse aggregate has a positive effect and the stainless steel oxidizing ritual completely replaces the coarse aggregate. The reason why the compressive strength of the stainless steel oxidation ceremony concrete is higher than that of the general coarse aggregate concrete is that the surface of the cerium oxide is rough surface, which can increase the bonding area with the cement mortar, improve the bonding ability of the coarse aggregate and the cement mortar, and thereby improve Compressive strength of stainless steel yttria concrete. Please refer to the tenth and eleventh figures, which are respectively the ultrasonic wave sulphide instead of the concrete coarse aggregate ultrasonic wave velocity meter and the stainless steel yttria instead of the concrete coarse aggregate ultrasonic wave velocity curve, as shown in the chart, the present invention The application of stainless steel cerium oxide to replace the coarse aggregate of concrete material, wherein the concrete is a composite material composed of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement mortar, and the interface or defect may be generated due to many internal interfaces or defects. The ultrasonic wave of the non-destructive test can be used to measure the transmission speed of the pulse wave in the medium. Generally, the structural characteristics of the ultrasonic wave velocity detecting substance are generally uniform and dense. The speed of the ultrasonic wave velocity in the detection material must be as fast as possible. The more uniform and dense the material structure is, the better the median value is, and the better the median value, the faster the wave velocity will be. The ultrasonic wave velocity of concrete is also directly proportional to the elastic properties and density of its constituent materials. Different types of aggregates will have different wave speeds, that is, different material structures will affect the wave velocity performance of concrete. . Furthermore, the wave speeds of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates and cement mortars in concrete are also different;
J 9 1290494 言，粗骨材的波傳速度大於細骨材，細骨材的波傳速度大於 水泥砂漿，所以混凝土中粗骨材含量越多，其超音波波速越 快，由此可知，混凝土之單位重越大者，其超音波速也越快。 當利用不銹鋼氧化碴來取代混凝土粗骨材時，其超音波 波速皆比一般粗骨材為高，其中以不銹鋼氧化碴取代一般粗 骨材100%時其超音波波速為最快；另外不銹鋼氧化碴粗骨 材因表面粗糙與水泥砂漿之結合較為緊密，是以其緻密均勻 的程度比一般粗骨材混凝土高，基於氧化碴之物質結構較優 於一般粗骨材，所以氧化碴混凝土在檢測時的超音波波速亦 較快。 請參閱第十二、十三圖，其分別係為本發明不銹鋼氧化 碴取代混凝土粗骨材之超音波彈性模數值表、不銹鋼氧化碴 取代混凝土粗骨材之超音波彈性模數值曲線圖，如圖所示7 本發明所述之不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨並 該不錄鋼氧化魏代混凝场諸t卜般㈣材混凝土的 超音波彈性模數值高，故以不銹鋼氧化碴取代粗骨材在混 土的緻密性質的效益是顯著的。 請參閱第十四、十五®，其分別係為本發明不銹鋼氧 破取代混凝土之電阻值表、不鎊鋼氧㈣取代混凝土之電阻 值曲線示意®，如圖所示，本發明所述之不_氧化 混凝土材料粗骨材之應用，其中，該不錢鋼氧化料代㈣ 土材料粗骨材之導電性能與其微結構及孔隙内冑電解質溶 液之成份與濃度有關，而影響電阻係數最大的因素是 微觀結構的緻密程度，電阻係數Α部分只是測量到混凝 抗？二旦：外部的劣化因子侵入混凝土内部的先後順 ^而a ’疋先經表面滲透，再經㈣或裂缝之連通路徑渗入 :二所二表面電阻值係反應出外部的劣化因子穿透混凝土 表面進入㈣的難易程度，隨著不錢鋼氧化韻取代比率提 10 1290494 咼’電阻係數有增加的趨勢，故由此可知不錢鋼氧化確取代 一般粗骨材後，可提升混凝土抵抗劣化因子穿透表面進入内 部的能力。J 9 1290494, the wave velocity of coarse aggregate is larger than that of fine aggregate, and the wave velocity of fine aggregate is greater than that of cement mortar. Therefore, the higher the content of coarse aggregate in concrete, the faster the ultrasonic wave velocity. The greater the unit weight, the faster the supersonic speed. When stainless steel cerium oxide is used to replace concrete coarse aggregate, the ultrasonic wave velocity is higher than that of ordinary coarse aggregate. The supersonic wave velocity is the fastest when stainless steel cerium oxide is used to replace 100% of general coarse aggregate. Due to the close combination of surface roughness and cement mortar, the coarse-grained aggregate is higher in density than the general coarse aggregate concrete. The structure based on cerium oxide is superior to the general coarse aggregate, so the cerium oxide concrete is inspected. The ultrasonic wave velocity is also faster. Please refer to the twelfth and thirteenth drawings, which are respectively the ultrasonic ultrasonic modulus numerical value table of the stainless steel cerium oxide instead of the concrete coarse aggregate material, and the ultrasonic acoustic modulus numerical value diagram of the stainless steel cerium oxide instead of the concrete coarse aggregate, such as 7 shows that the stainless steel yttrium oxide according to the present invention replaces the coarse material of the concrete material and the non-recorded steel oxidized Wei-generation concrete field has a high ultrasonic modulus of the concrete, so the stainless steel cerium oxide is substituted for the coarse The benefits of the compact nature of the aggregate in the mixed soil are significant. Please refer to the fourteenth and fifteenth editions, which are respectively the resistance value table of the stainless steel oxygen-breaking concrete of the present invention, and the resistance value curve of the non-pound steel oxygen (four) replacement concrete, as shown in the figure. The application of non-oxidized concrete material coarse aggregates, wherein the conductivity of the non-constant steel oxidized material (4) coarse material of the soil material is related to its microstructure and composition and concentration of the ruthenium electrolyte solution in the pore, and affects the largest resistivity. The factor is the degree of compactness of the microstructure, and the resistivity Α part is only measured to the coagulation resistance? Two deniers: the external degradation factor invades the interior of the concrete, and the a '疋 first penetrates through the surface, and then penetrates through the communication path of (4) or the crack: the two surface resistance values reflect the external degradation factor and penetrate the concrete surface. Entering the difficulty level of (4), with the substitution ratio of the non-constant steel oxidation rhyme, 10 1290494 咼 'there is a tendency to increase the resistivity. Therefore, it can be seen that the oxidation of steel can replace the general coarse aggregate and can improve the concrete resistance to degradation factor. The ability to penetrate the surface into the interior.
請參閱第十六、十七圖，其分別係為本發明不銹鋼氧化 碴取代混凝土材料之健性值表、不銹鋼氧化破取代混凝土材 料之健性值豎線示意圖，如圖所示，本發明所述之不錢鋼氧 化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨材之應用，其中，該混凝土健性試 驗乃是測試混凝土受到硫酸侵蝕之抵抗能力，亦與混凝土之 耐久性品質有關，不銹鋼氧化碴分別取代一般粗骨材0%、 託％、50%、75%、100%並浸泡於硫酸鎂溶液中之28天齡 期，於五次循環後其重量損失的結果，其中，不銹鋼氧化碴 ，，土材料重量損失均小於1%且與一般粗骨材混凝土之& 篁損失相近；由此可知，不銹鋼氧化碴取代粗骨材時混凝 土，在硫酸鹽侵蝕之抵抗能力與一般粗骨材混凝土大致相 胃參閱第十八圖，其係為本發明不錄鋼氧化綠 之含水率表，如圖表所示，本發明所述之、= ^查取代錢土材料㈣材之應用，其中，由於混凝土含冰 凝Γ程度及敏密度有關’故混凝土之含水率 緻密性程度’由結果可知，不錢鋼 Ϊ不材混凝土的含水率變異性不大，顯 ’、銹鋼氧化碴取代粗骨材混凝土不會影塑整體的1 f 及緻密性的改變。 0㈣的孔隙率 凊參閱第十九圖，i係為太恭 产 土粗骨材之單位重示意圖:、： ：月不f鋼氧化禮取代混凝 氧化痛取UmI： 所不’本發明所述之不錢鋼 乳化硬取代此4土材料粗骨材之 銹鋼氧化碴取代率越少而# … 早{重會隨著不 比-般粗-= 而此乃不銹鋼氧化碴的比重 般粗讀重的關係，當全部為不錢鋼氧化仙骨材時 1290494 (100% )其單位為2462 kg/m3，為一般粗骨材混凝土（ 〇% ) 單位重為2337 kg/m3之1·〇5倍，但尚未達重質混凝土單位重 3200 〜5000。kg/m3 之要求。 由上述之混凝土硬固性質結果顯示，以不銹鋼氧化碴取 代粗骨材之混凝土會隨著取代量愈大而硬固性質越佳，且以 取代量100%時為最佳，而在工程應用上，則可考慮將不銹 鋼氧化碴混凝土使用於基礎構造物，利用其單位重量較重之 特性，增加基礎之穩定性。 明參閱第一十圖，其係為本發明不錢鋼爐破金屬溶出檢 測值表，如圖表所示，其係說明不銹鋼氧化碴及還原碴分別 在原料狀態及與水泥漿水化硬固後之狀態下，其樣本的金屬 溶出試驗結果，且不銹鋼氧化碴無論在原料狀態及與水泥漿 水化硬固後之狀態下，其各項檢驗項目之濃度皆符合現行行 政院環保署所公佈之環保法規標準值，顯示不銹鋼爐碴不具 毒性而可視為一般事業廢棄物，以資源化再利用並不會對^ 境造成污染可應用於混凝土材料。 請參閱附件三至附件八及第二十一圖，其分別係為不同 時期及成份不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材 界面過渡區SEM微觀組織照片圖、以及本發明以不銹鋼氧化 碴取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面EDS分析值表，如附 件及圖表所示可知，本發明所述之不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土 材料粗骨材之應用，其中，在齡期28天、90天及12〇天時， 當不銹鋼氧化碴粗骨材取代量0%及1〇〇%時，在界面處皆 有微裂縫產生，且水化生成物大都以3D網狀水化生 I 主，可發現其間的差異不大。 馬 又不銹鋼氧化碴混凝土分別為不同齡期取代一般粗典 材0%、100%之混凝土中砂漿與骨材之間界面的光譜定性| 析（EDS)顯示，經由骨材與砂漿界面的元素分析，可瞭ς 12 1290494 其水化生物的變化，在不同齡期的砂漿及骨材之界面元素， 因不錢鋼氧化禮取代一般粗骨材，使得驗性元素納與_消 失，此現象應是砂漿及骨材之界面，因不銹鋼氧化碴之成份 中含有矽、鈣、鋁的氧化物溶出，而這些氧化物具有卜作嵐 材料特性，會再與鹼性元素鈉、鉀結合產生體積穩定的膠 體，進而消耗鈉、鉀鹼性物質的含量。 由上述微觀組織分析可顯示，以不銹鋼氧化碴取代粗骨 材，在砂漿及骨材之界面過渡高，具有卜作嵐材料特性會消 耗納、鉀鹼性物質，使得混凝土材料，會降低鹼骨材反應， 對混凝土之耐久性有正面的助益。 不銹鋼氧化碴取代粗骨材在粗骨材基本性質分析及财 久性分析上皆符合CNS規範或一般的規定在混凝土硬固性質 分析上除了單位重量較重以外，其餘各項性質皆優於一般粗 骨材混凝土，且已取代量100%時為最佳。 綜合上所述之不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨材之 應用’其不銹鋼氧化碴基本性質分析結果顯示，不錢鋼氧化 礓之及配與空隙率皆符合粗骨材規範要求，且磨耗率及健性 之損耗率亦符合一般骨材的要求，但其比重略高於一般骨 材，使得不銹鋼氧化碴混凝土單位重較大，應可考慮使用混 凝土基礎工程，以增加結構物的穩定性。 不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土粗骨材之混凝土硬固性質分 析結果顯示，混凝土抗壓強度以取代100%時為最佳，且28 天強度比值為天然粗骨材之1· 14倍；混凝土超音波試驗以 取代100%時之混凝土波速最快；混凝土電阻值於取代1〇〇 %時為最大，顯示不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土材料粗骨材之應 用，可增加混凝土抗壓強度及緻密性，比一般骨材具有較佳 之工程性質。 再者，不銹鋼氧化碴無論在原料狀態及與水泥漿水化硬 13 1290494 固後之狀態下，其金屬溶出結果皆合於環保法規標準，以資 源化再利用而應用於混凝土材料，並不會對環境造成污染， 且該不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土粗骨材中鉻、銅、鎘、汞、鉛、 鋅、神之濃度皆符合規範標準5〜〇. 2mg/L之内，係可視為 一般事業廢棄物。 . 本發明實具有極佳之進步性實用性，同時，未發現有相 同近似之構造存在在先，應已符合『創作性』、『合於產業利 用性』以及『進步性』的專利要件，爰依法之提出申請。 【圖示簡單說明】 第一圖係為本發明之取代混凝土材料示意圖。 第一圖係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代粗骨材之級配表。 第二圖係為不錢鋼氧化禮取代粗骨材之比重表。 第四圖係為不錢鋼氧化禮取代粗骨材之空隙率表。 第五圖係為不銹鋼氧化禮粗骨材磨損率表。 第六圖係為不銹鋼氧化碴粗骨材損耗量表。 • 第七圖係為不銹鋼爐碴取代粗骨材配比表。 第八圖係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代粗骨材之混凝土抗廢強度表。 第九圖係為不銹鋼氧化碴取代粗骨材之混凝土碰強度曲線示意圖。 第十圖係為不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土粗骨材超音波波速表。 =二圖係為不銹鋼氧化魏代混凝土粗骨材超音波波速曲線示意圖。 2係為不錄鋼氧化魏代混凝土粗 *十：：：:=材：波__線， 斜五難為獨峨麵取姐駐之飯值鱗示意圖。 14 1290494 第十六圖係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代混凝土之健性值表。 第十七圖係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代混凝土之健性值豎線示意圖。 第十八圖係為不錢鋼氧化禮取代混凝土粗骨材之含水率表。 第十九圖係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代混凝土粗骨材之單位重示意圖。 第二十圖係為不銹鋼爐碴金屬溶出檢測值表。 第二Η圖係不銹鋼氧化確取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面as分析值表 附件一係為本發明之不銹鋼氧化禮破碎至篩分流程示意圖。 附件二係為本發明之不銹鋼氧化破粗骨材〇· g⑽（三分）及2. 〇 cm (六分） φ 料示意圖。 附件三係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面過渡區（〇%_ 28天）SEM微觀組織之照片。 附件四係為不銹鋼氧化石查取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面過渡區（1〇〇 %~28天）SEM微觀組織之照片。 附件五係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面過渡區（0%— 90天）SEM微觀組織之照片。 附件六係為不銹鋼氧化禮取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面過渡區（1〇〇 %~90天）SEM微觀組織之照片。 籲 附件七係為不銹鋼氧化碴取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面過渡區（0%— 120天）SEM微觀組織之照片。 附件八係為不錄鋼氧化碴取代混凝土粗骨材之砂漿與骨材界面過渡區（100 %-120天）SEM微觀組織之照片。 【主要元件符號說明】 不銹鋼爐碴1 氣化確10 含氧化碴混凝土 15Please refer to the sixteenth and seventeenth figures, which are respectively a schematic diagram of the robustness value table of the stainless steel yttria-substituted concrete material of the present invention, and the vertical value of the health value of the stainless steel oxidized broken concrete material, as shown in the figure, the present invention The application of the non-consumable steel cerium oxide to replace the coarse aggregate of concrete material, wherein the concrete hardness test is to test the resistance of the concrete to sulfuric acid corrosion, and is also related to the durability quality of the concrete, and the stainless steel cerium oxide replaces the general coarse The weight loss of the aggregate 0%, 托%, 50%, 75%, 100% and immersed in the magnesium sulfate solution at 28 days of age, after five cycles, wherein the stainless steel yttrium oxide, soil material weight The loss is less than 1% and is similar to the loss of the general coarse aggregate concrete. It can be seen that the resistance of the concrete during the replacement of the coarse aggregate with the stainless steel cerium oxide is generally comparable to that of the general coarse aggregate concrete. The eighteenth figure is the moisture content meter of the non-recorded steel oxidized green of the present invention, as shown in the diagram, the application of the invention is replaced by the material of the material (four) In the concrete, due to the degree of ice condensation and the density of the concrete, the degree of compactness of the moisture content of the concrete is based on the results. It can be seen from the results that the moisture content variability of the non-concrete concrete is not large, and it is replaced by rust steel ruthenium oxide. The coarse aggregate concrete does not affect the overall 1 f and compactness changes. 0 (4) Porosity 凊 Refer to the 19th figure, i is the unit weight diagram of the Taigong soil coarse aggregate:::: month steel f oxidation ceremony instead of coagulation oxidative pain UmI: not the present invention The non-coin steel emulsified hard replaces the rust oxide ruthenium ruthenium of this 4 soil material and the lower the substitution rate of the ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium ruthenium The relationship is 1290494 (100%) when the whole is not oxidized steel. The unit is 2462 kg/m3, which is 5 times the weight of the general coarse aggregate concrete (〇%) and the unit weight is 2337 kg/m3. But the weight of concrete has not reached 3200 ~ 5000. The requirement of kg/m3. The results of the above-mentioned concrete hard-solid properties show that the concrete with stainless steel yttrium oxide instead of coarse aggregate has better hard-solid properties with higher substitution amount, and is optimal when the substitution amount is 100%, and in engineering application. In addition, stainless steel cerium oxide concrete can be considered for use in the basic structure, and the basis weight is used to increase the stability of the foundation. Referring to the tenth figure, it is a table for detecting the metal dissolution of the steel in the present invention, as shown in the graph, which shows that the stainless steel yttrium oxide and the reduced yttrium are respectively in the state of the raw material and after hydration with the cement slurry. In the state of the metal dissolution test of the sample, and the stainless steel cerium oxide, regardless of the state of the raw material and the state of hydration with the cement slurry, the concentration of each test item is in accordance with the current Environmental Protection Agency of the Executive Yuan. The environmental protection standard value indicates that the stainless steel furnace is not toxic and can be regarded as general business waste. Recycling by resources does not cause pollution to the concrete material. Please refer to Annexes 3 to 8 and 21, which are SEM micrographs of the interfacial transition zone between mortar and aggregate at different ages and compositions of stainless steel cerium oxide instead of concrete coarse aggregate, and the invention is oxidized by stainless steel. EDReplacement of the EDS analysis value table of the interface between the mortar and the aggregate of the concrete coarse aggregate. As shown in the attached table and the diagram, the application of the stainless steel cerium oxide according to the present invention to replace the coarse aggregate of the concrete material, wherein, at the age of 28 days, At 90 days and 12 days, when the stainless steel cerium oxide coarse aggregate substitution amount is 0% and 1〇〇%, micro cracks are generated at the interface, and most of the hydration products are 3D network hydration. It can be found that there is little difference between them. Ma and stainless steel yttria concrete are respectively used to replace the general coarse material in different ages. 0%, 100% of the concrete. The spectral characterization of the interface between the mortar and the aggregate. The analysis (EDS) shows the elemental analysis through the interface between the aggregate and the mortar. , 12 1290494 The change of hydration organisms, the interface elements of mortar and aggregate at different ages, because the non-existing steel oxidation ceremony replaces the general coarse aggregate, so that the test elements and _ disappear, this phenomenon should It is the interface between mortar and aggregate. Because the composition of stainless steel yttrium oxide contains oxides of barium, calcium and aluminum, these oxides have the characteristics of materials, and will combine with the basic elements sodium and potassium to produce a volume-stable colloid. In turn, the content of sodium and potassium alkaline substances is consumed. From the above-mentioned microstructure analysis, it can be shown that the stainless steel cerium oxide is substituted for the coarse aggregate, and the transition between the mortar and the aggregate is high, and the material properties of the material are consumed by the potassium and alkaline substances, so that the concrete material can reduce the alkali bone reaction. It has a positive effect on the durability of concrete. Stainless steel cerium oxide instead of coarse aggregate is in accordance with CNS norm or general regulation in the analysis of basic properties and long-term analysis of coarse aggregate. In addition to the heavy weight of concrete, the other properties are superior to the general ones. It is the best for coarse aggregate concrete and has been replaced by 100%. In summary, the application of the stainless steel yttrium oxide to replace the coarse aggregate of concrete material's analysis of the basic properties of the stainless steel yttrium oxide shows that the non-constant steel yttrium oxide and the void ratio are in line with the requirements of the coarse aggregate specification, and the wear rate and The wear rate of the fitness is also in line with the requirements of general aggregates, but its proportion is slightly higher than that of ordinary aggregates, making the stainless steel yttrium concrete unit weight larger, and concrete foundation engineering should be considered to increase the stability of the structure. The analysis of the hard and solid properties of concrete with stainless steel cerium oxide instead of concrete coarse aggregate shows that the concrete compressive strength is the best when it replaces 100%, and the 28-day strength ratio is 1.4 times that of natural coarse aggregate; concrete ultrasonic test In order to replace 100%, the concrete wave speed is the fastest; the concrete resistance value is the largest when it replaces 1〇〇%, which shows that the application of stainless steel cerium oxide instead of concrete coarse material can increase the compressive strength and compactness of concrete, compared with the general bone. The material has better engineering properties. In addition, the stainless steel cerium oxide is in the state of raw materials and solidified with the cement slurry hydration 13 1390494, the metal dissolution results are in line with environmental regulations, and are applied to concrete materials for recycling. Contamination of the environment, and the concentration of chromium, copper, cadmium, mercury, lead, zinc and god in the concrete coarse aggregate replaced by the stainless steel cerium oxide meets the standard of 5~〇. 2mg/L, which can be regarded as a general business. Waste. The present invention has excellent progressive utility, and at the same time, it has not been found that the structure of the same approximation exists first, and the patent requirements of "creative", "combined with industrial use" and "progressive" should be met.提出 Apply according to law. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a schematic view of a substituted concrete material of the present invention. The first picture is a gradation table of stainless steel oxidation ceremony instead of coarse aggregate. The second picture shows the proportion of the non-constant steel oxidation ceremony instead of the coarse aggregate. The fourth figure is the void ratio table of the non-constant steel oxidation ceremony instead of the coarse aggregate. The fifth figure is the stainless steel oxidation ceremony coarse aggregate wear rate table. The sixth picture is the stainless steel cerium oxide coarse aggregate loss scale. • The seventh picture is a stainless steel furnace instead of a coarse aggregate ratio table. The eighth figure is the concrete anti-waste intensity table of stainless steel oxidation ceremony instead of coarse aggregate. The ninth figure is a schematic diagram of the concrete impact strength curve of stainless steel cerium oxide instead of coarse aggregate. The tenth figure is a stainless steel yttria instead of concrete coarse aggregate ultrasonic wave velocity meter. = The second figure is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic wave velocity curve of stainless steel oxidized Weide concrete coarse aggregate. 2 series is not recorded steel oxidized Weidai concrete thick *10::::= material: wave __ line, oblique five difficult for the single-faced face to take the sister's meal value scale diagram. 14 1290494 The sixteenth figure is the health value table for the replacement of concrete by stainless steel oxidation ceremony. The seventeenth figure is a vertical line diagram of the health value of the stainless steel oxidation ceremony instead of concrete. The eighteenth figure is the moisture content table of the concrete coarse aggregate replaced by the non-constant steel oxidation ceremony. The nineteenth figure is a schematic diagram of the unit weight of the stainless steel oxidation ceremony instead of the concrete coarse aggregate. The twenty-fifth figure is a stainless steel furnace metal dissolution detection value table. The second diagram is a diagram of the interface between the mortar and the aggregate of the stainless steel oxidation instead of the concrete coarse aggregate. The attached table is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel oxidation ceremony to the screening process. Annex II is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel oxidized broken aggregate 〇·g(10) (three points) and 2. 〇 cm (six points) φ of the present invention. Attachment 3 is a photograph of the SEM microstructure of the transition zone between the mortar and the aggregate of the concrete coarse aggregate replaced by the stainless steel oxidation ceremony (〇%_ 28 days). Attachment 4 is a photograph of the SEM microstructure of the interfacial transition zone between the mortar and the aggregate of the concrete coarse aggregate replaced by stainless steel oxide stone (1〇〇%~28 days). Attachment 5 is a photograph of the SEM microstructure of the interface between the mortar and the aggregate interface (0% - 90 days) in which the stainless steel oxidation ceremony replaces the concrete coarse aggregate. Attachment VI is a photograph of the SEM microstructure of the transition zone between the mortar and the aggregate of the concrete coarse aggregate replaced by the stainless steel oxidation ceremony (1〇〇%~90 days). The Annex VII is a photograph of the SEM microstructure of the interfacial transition zone (0% - 120 days) between the mortar and the aggregate of the stainless steel cerium oxide instead of the concrete coarse aggregate. Attachment VIII is a photograph of the SEM microstructure of the interfacial transition zone (100%-120 days) between the mortar and the aggregate of the non-recorded steel cerium oxide instead of the concrete coarse aggregate. [Main component symbol description] Stainless steel furnace 1 Gasification is confirmed 10 Containing strontium oxide concrete 15