1279224 九、發明說明： [發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關-種叢集化人體網路感測照護方法，尤指一種特殊 可攜式的人體感測器閘道，及可長期健康照護的叢集化網路感測方法。 【先前技術】 隨著尖端科技與科學的發展，生物科技，魏科技與通訊科技已 成為這個世紀的三個主流工業。半導體巨人Motorola宣布將投資五十 億於微機電纽(MEMS)與無線通訊以保持其競爭優勢，eS_r疆 伯測系統麟應的讀取機即為其生命科學部⑽代紐結果。在所有 的研究中’純整合與奈紐術都是由基礎來突破，換言之，交互 練的整合為所有這些努力所必須的。 跟隨此工業革命的新浪潮，台灣的經濟 嶋—她含生麵，賴m t 無線生醫保健監測系統 的jk、主二「」ρ以長期居間照護為主要市場，整個計劃提出執行及時 ftp j t η Ρ她⑽㈣制。使用—個可以連結到 罔路作為生物資訊分析的微小化的 可以將得到的資料轉遞（fQrward)。 奸⑽M、、先，將 省電户帶來了許多的挑戰。主要的挑戰由 點的元素相互==感測器、無線電頻率與其他每個感測節 量消耗降低到Z n S源’每個感測節點的S素需要將其能 由於次目此’能制耗為制節點實作之晴設計目標。 輸成為絲傳輸祕縣㈣加，碰離的傳 此，提供域網路(WLANMGPRS基地台是不實際的。因 測結果為一個;::攜t且有更多的能量資源的裝置來轉遞偵 的方式。本發明特舰計-種便於攜帶的人體感測 1279224 …罔道(HBG) ’帛來轉遞感測節點的偵測結果到網際網路存取點。 虽然以上的方式是實際的，惟仍然需要解決一些MAC問題。第一， 節點回到到露的封包可能產生碰撞。第二，一個人身上的的 感測，與他們的圆之傳輸可能與另—個附近的人產生干擾。 . ^個事件枝需域測節點重傳他們的制結果就是忽視那 些偵測，。這兩個事件皆浪費了稀少的感測節點的能量資源。 大邛刀的猴線感測網路例如WINS、PicoRadio及AMPS皆將其設 口十土於個夕點（multi—h〇p)的網路技術。此種網路集中於組織與維護 ，由群移動物件與一個通訊裝置之網路且此網路存在於一個沒有 固，基地台或存取點的區域。雖然多點網路技術能夠解決以上的 問，，以長期遠距照護為應用的感測網路之設計與實作可以更進一步 的簡化’以降低能量消耗與overhead。 為了確保監測人體的感測網路的安全性，此領域的專家們懷疑大 夕婁^感/則網路的自動組態功能的可靠度。他們頃向手動的建立醫療感 測器與HBG的連線。此外，醫療感測器與HBG之間的連線關係被期望 在很長一段時間内是不變的。因此，行動健康照護應用需要新的感測 網路架構與協定。 u 馨我們冒為固定的感測節點所形成的感測網路提出了 HSN架構。雖 然HSN中的感測節點一LCC關係與人體感測網路中的感測節點—hbg關係 相似，由於HSN架構致力於所有的感測節點都是不動的感測網路之應 _用’ HSN架構不能直接應用於長期的健康照護應用。此外，自我組織 (self-organization)協定可能帶來不正確的關係建立。因此，本發明 適當的修改了 HSN架構並且提出了一個新穎的感測網路架構，稱為以 長期健康照護為應用的叢集化感測網路。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的，在於提供一種特殊可攜式的人體感測器閘道 及長期健康照護的叢集化感測網路，其每當一個HBG被打開，其叢集點 1279224 京^在初始階段，一旦他完成了初始化工作，便改變它的階段到運作階 於運作&段中，此叢集點可能杜活動模式或是閒置模式，一個Hbg :、有在其對應的叢集點在活動模式的時候才被允許與其感測節點通 讯，感測節點可以藉由當在它們的叢集點於閒置模式時關掉感測點上 的天線，以大幅的降低它們的能量消耗，每當使用著關掉HBG或能量資 ，低於一個預先決定的水平時，對應的叢集點將其階段改變為冬眠階 段，此叢集點可能在某人打開HBG後再次甦醒。 【實施方式】 δ月配合參看圖1所示，該圖顯示本發明應用人體感測器網路閘道 所、、且成之元整的叢集化感測網路架構。在這個架構之中，網路被分割 成數個叢集點（1)，每一個叢集點（1)用來維護一個人體的狀態。每個 叢集點（1)包含至少一個感測節點（1〇)與一個人體感測器網路閘道 (HBG)(20)。每一個叢集點（1)的感測節點（1〇)可以偵測並回報其偵測 結果到該叢集點（1)的人體感測器網路閘道(HBG)(2〇)。偵測結果再被 直接轉遞到一個鄰近的存取點（30)。再由存取點（3〇)將偵測結果藉由 網際網路或衛星轉遞到健康照護醫療中心（HCMC)的遠端健康^護^統 (40)。 〜、、、° …、 在這個架構之中，所有的感測節點（10)皆不需維護網路資訊。每 當一個感測節點（10)被裝置在一個人體上時，安裝者手動的建立减測 節點（10)與人體感測器網路閘道(HBG)(20)的主-從關係。每當一&感 測節點（10)加入網路，它不做任何事直到它收到一個由與他在同一叢 集點内的人體感測器網路閘道(HBG)(20)所送出之指令。此HBG(2〇)採 用輪詢（polling)協定來避免來自相同從集中不同感測節點（1〇)的封 包的碰撞。這個集中式的通訊協定由感測節點上轉移了大部分網路維 護的工作到人體感測器網路閘道(HBG)(20)，因此顯著的最小t了感測 節點之通訊模組的設計與實作複雜度。 "“ 雖然感測節點（10)具有的機動性功能十分少，然而，所提出的協 1279224 定提供群體的機動性功能。只要感測節點保持與他們的人體感測器網 路閘道(HBG)(20)之連線，他們就可以與他們的HBG(2〇)一起移動而不 受傷害。因此這個架構很適用於群體移動的感測器之感測網路。 由於感測節點（10)上的能量資源在許多應用中是珍貴的。為了進 步降低感測郎點（1〇)的能量消耗，我們引入了叢集點（ciuster n〇de) 的概念。圖2展示了一個叢集點的生命週期。 、每當一個人體感測網路閘道HBG(20)被打開，其叢集點（1〇)就在 初始階段。一旦他完成了初始化工作，便改變它的階段到運作階段。 於運作階段中，此叢集點可能在活動模式或是閒置模式。一個hbg(2〇) 只有在其對應的叢集點⑴在活動模式的時候才被允許與其感測節點 (10)通訊。這意味著感測節點可靖由當在它㈣叢細⑴於閒置模 式日π關掉感測節點（10)上的天線以大幅的降低它們的能量消耗。每當 使用著關掉HBG⑽）或能量資雜於—細先蚊的水平時，對應的 叢集點⑴將細段改變為冬囉段。此㈣點⑴可能在某人 HBG(20)後再次甦醒。 雖然此機制顯著的降低了所有的感測節點在運作階段的的能量 消耗，它也帶來了以下兩個新的問題。 1·母當-個感測節點關掉它的天線，他的HBG(2())便無法與他通訊。 因此’需要-個可以正確設定制節點⑽之計時器的協定。 如?兩個柳的*集點⑴同時祕活動献，—個叢集點⑴中的 通Λ可％與另個叢集點的通訊產生干擾。這意 ===的活動。因此，-個解決同時活動問題的協定對於J 維4疋重要的。 一 見’ 1 決第—個問題的協賴為叢集點内通訊協定且解 決弟一個問題的協定稱為叢集關通訊協定。 (Α)叢集點内通訊協定： 置 省電機制引人了可被分割成活動_(active interval)與閒 8 1279224 間隔（idle interval)的偵測週期的概念。於圖3，一個叢集點在每個 偵測週期中開始活動了 A毫秒並且便成開始閒置了 △毫秒。1279224 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a clustered human body network sensing and care method, and more particularly to a special portable human body sensor gateway, and long-term health care Clustered network sensing method. [Prior Art] With the development of cutting-edge technology and science, biotechnology, Wei technology and communication technology have become the three mainstream industries of this century. The semiconductor giant Motorola announced that it will invest 5 billion in micro-electromechanical MEMS and wireless communications to maintain its competitive edge. The reader of the eS_r Xinjiang system is the result of its life sciences (10). In all studies, 'pure integration and nai's surgery are groundbreaking. In other words, the integration of interactions is essential for all these efforts. Following the new wave of this industrial revolution, Taiwan's economy is rampant – she has a raw noodle, and the jk and the main second “” of the wireless biomedical health monitoring system are the main markets. The whole plan is implemented in time for ftp jt η. Ρ She (10) (four) system. The use of a link to the Kushiro as a miniaturization of bioinformatics analysis can be used to transfer the obtained data (fQrward). The rape (10) M, first, will bring many challenges to the electricity-saving households. The main challenge consists of the elements of the point == sensor, radio frequency and other per-sensory consumption reductions to the Z n S source 'the S element of each sensing node needs to be able to The consumption is the clear design goal of the system. The transmission becomes the silk transmission secret county (four) plus, the collision is transmitted, and the domain network is provided (the WLAN MGPRS base station is not practical. The result is one;:: the device with t and more energy resources is transmitted. The method of detection. The invention of the special ship-type portable body sensing 1279224 ... HB (HBG) '帛 to transfer the detection results of the sensing node to the Internet access point. Although the above method is the actual However, there is still a need to solve some MAC problems. First, the nodes return to the exposed packets may collide. Second, the sensing of one person, and the transmission of their circle may interfere with another nearby person. The result of the event that the node needs to retransmit the system is to ignore the detection. Both of these events waste the energy resources of the rare sensing nodes. The monkey line sensing network of the scythe, for example WINS, PicoRadio, and AMPS all use the network technology of multi-h〇p. This kind of network is concentrated in organization and maintenance, which is a network of mobile objects and a communication device. This network exists in a solid, base station or The area of the access point. Although multi-point network technology can solve the above problems, the design and implementation of the sensing network for long-term remote care can be further simplified to reduce energy consumption and overhead. To ensure the safety of the human sensing network, experts in this field doubt the reliability of the network's automatic configuration function. They are manually establishing a medical sensor with HBG. In addition, the connection between medical sensors and HBG is expected to remain constant for a long time. Therefore, mobile health care applications require new sensing network architectures and protocols. The HSN architecture is proposed for the sensing network formed by the fixed sensing nodes. Although the sensing node-LCC relationship in the HSN is similar to the sensing node-hbg relationship in the human sensing network, since the HSN architecture is dedicated to all Sensing nodes are all static sensing networks. The 'HSN architecture cannot be directly applied to long-term health care applications. In addition, self-organization agreements may lead to incorrect relationship establishment. Therefore, the present invention appropriately modifies the HSN architecture and proposes a novel sensing network architecture called a clustered sensing network for long-term health care applications. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is Providing a special portable human sensor gateway and a long-term health care clustering sensing network, each time an HBG is opened, its cluster point 1279224 is in the initial stage, once he completes the initialization work, Change its stage to the operational level in the Operation & paragraph, this cluster point may be Du activity mode or idle mode, an Hbg:, is allowed to be its sensing node when its corresponding cluster point is in active mode. Communication, sensing nodes can greatly reduce their energy consumption by turning off the antennas at the sensing points when their cluster points are in idle mode, whenever using HBG or energy, less than one At a predetermined level, the corresponding cluster point changes its stage to a hibernation stage, which may wake up again after someone opens HBG. [Embodiment] The δ month cooperation is shown in Fig. 1. The figure shows a clustered sensing network architecture in which the human body sensor network gateway is applied and integrated. In this architecture, the network is divided into clusters (1), each of which is used to maintain the state of a human body. Each cluster point (1) contains at least one sensing node (1〇) and a human body sensor network gateway (HBG) (20). The sensing node (1〇) of each cluster point (1) can detect and report the human sensor network gateway (HBG) (2〇) whose detection result is to the cluster point (1). The detection results are then forwarded directly to a neighboring access point (30). The detection results are then transmitted by the access point (3〇) to the remote health care system (40) of the Health Care Medical Center (HCMC) via the Internet or satellite. ~, ,, ° ..., in this architecture, all sensing nodes (10) do not need to maintain network information. Each time a sensing node (10) is placed on a human body, the installer manually establishes a master-slave relationship between the subtraction node (10) and the human sensor network gateway (HBG) (20). Whenever a & sensing node (10) joins the network, it does nothing until it receives a human sensor network gateway (HBG) (20) that is in the same cluster point as him. Instructions. This HBG (2〇) uses a polling protocol to avoid collisions from packets from the same set of different sensing nodes (1〇). This centralized protocol transfers most of the network maintenance work from the sensing node to the human sensor network gateway (HBG) (20), thus significantly reducing the communication module of the sensing node. Design and implementation complexity. "“Although the sensing node (10) has very few maneuvering functions, the proposed protocol 1279224 provides a group mobility function as long as the sensing nodes remain with their body sensor network gateways ( HBG) (20), they can move with their HBG (2〇) without harm. Therefore, this architecture is very suitable for the sensing network of the group moving sensor. Because of the sensing node ( The energy resources on 10) are precious in many applications. To improve the energy consumption of sensing Lange (1〇), we introduce the concept of cluster points (ciuster n〇de). Figure 2 shows a cluster point. The life cycle. Whenever a human sensing network gateway HBG (20) is turned on, its cluster point (1〇) is in the initial stage. Once he completes the initialization work, it changes its stage to the operational stage. In the operational phase, this cluster point may be in active mode or idle mode. An hbg (2〇) is allowed to communicate with its sensing node (10) only when its corresponding cluster point (1) is in active mode. Sensing node In it (4) plexus (1) on the idle mode day π turn off the antenna on the sensing node (10) to greatly reduce their energy consumption. Whenever used to turn off HBG (10)) or energy mixed with - the level of the fine mosquito At the same time, the corresponding cluster point (1) changes the thin section to the winter section. This (four) point (1) may wake up again after someone's HBG (20). Although this mechanism significantly reduces the energy of all sensing nodes in the operational phase. Consumption, it also brings the following two new problems: 1. Female - a sensing node turns off its antenna, his HBG (2 ()) can not communicate with him. So 'needs - can be correct Set the agreement of the timer of the node (10). For example, the two collection points (1) are simultaneously secret activities, and the communication in the cluster point (1) can interfere with the communication of the other cluster points. The activity of =. Therefore, an agreement to solve the problem of simultaneous activities is important for the J dimension. The agreement that the '1 decision--the problem is the cluster agreement and the solution to the problem is called the cluster. Communication Agreement. (Α) Intra-cluster communication protocol: The concept of a detection period that can be divided into active _ (active interval) and idle 8 1279224 interval (idle interval). In Figure 3, a cluster point starts to move for A milliseconds in each detection cycle and begins. Idle for Δms.
第一個叢集點内通訊協定指出每個活動間隔應該被分割成兩個 時段，如圖4所示。在輪詢時段，此HBG(20)與他所有的感測節點（1〇) 一個一個的通訊。每個通訊由三個步驟所組成。在第一步中，此HBG() 送出一個指令給此感測節點（10)。一旦此感測節點（1〇)受到此指令， 便執行相對應的程序以在第二步中回應此指令。最後，此Hbg(2〇)送 出睡眠時間給此感測節點（10)。一旦此感測節點（1〇)由它的hbg(2〇) 收到了此睡眠時間，便採用此睡眠時間來設定一個用來叫醒它的天線 的什時裔並且關掉它的天線。在這篇論文，這三個步驟的時間分別被 標，成化，心與此外，這個協定也需要心與^的值為常數且廣 為每個相同叢集點（1)内的成員所知。基於這個協定，每個可 以容易的計算出其叢集點的⑽值。而且，一旦此HBG決定"的值， 便可以立即的計算其感測節點的睡眠時間。 HBG向它所有的感測節點廣播△的值。結束期間⑽ri〇d) 對於不知虹們的酬時間的翻祕是非常有幫助的。第二個叢集 點内通訊協定為不知道它們_眠時間_測節點⑽提供—個再同 步（resynchronization)機制。 圖5顯tf 了給不知道它們的睡眠時間的感測節點（1〇)的再同步 機制。圖古5中，-個感測節點（1_聽任何從它的腦⑽所發出的 封包&宅秒。如果它失敗，它關掉它的天線並睡眠 重複這個程序直到它收到—個由它的圆⑽所 ^ &大况下’匕保持監聽狀態朗它收到-個由它的HBG(20)所 在結束期間所廣播的⑽值。在第—個狀況下， ’此，節點（⑻學習到⑽值且 __來自她_(_封包。在此狀況下，此感 1279224 保持監聽狀態直到它收到一個它的HBG(20)送給它的一個封包。這個 再同步機制顯著的降低了感測節點（1〇)學習正確活動時間與睡眠時間 的能量消耗。 應該注意ώ與G/的值決定了再同步機制的表現。如果 心〆卿尤仏/知’則此感測節點（1〇)可能無法由任何一個相同 叢集點（1)的成員捕捉到完整的封包。由於閒置監聽的能量消耗與& 成長’愈小的&將降低更多由於閒置監聽所消耗的能量。因此，第二 個叢集點（1)内通訊協定設定- 另一方面，若以，办，則感測節點（1〇)可能會漏失 匕的叢集點（1)的活動期間。圖五清楚的顯示愈小的加值使得感測點 在匕於它的叢集點的活動間醒來之前隔嗜試愈多次。這意味者此協定 應该試著加大tRI的值已降低在閒置監聽上的能量消耗。然而，這增加 了一個感測節點漏失它的叢集點的下一個活動間隔並因此加大了感測 點再同步的時間。 為了降低感測點再同步的時間，HBG可以加大結束間隔已滿足此 不等式〜公机办並且採用結束間隔來重複睡眠時間。 (Β)叢集間通訊協定·· 為了避免叢集間的干擾，HBG(20)應該將鄰近的叢集點之叢集點内 通訊除能以消除來自於其他叢集點的噪音。因此，每個HBG(2〇)應該 告知所以有他鄰近的HBG要在它的活動間隔内保持安靜。雖然這個構 想是合理的，它帶來了幾個問題。 第一個問題是鄰近關係的定義。圖6可以幫助定義一個鄰近關 係。在圖六中，r與β代表的是一個感測節點之最大通訊距離與干擾 距離的半徑。因此，若兩個HBG間的距離小於公尺，一個叢集點 内的通訊可能會與另一個叢集點内的通訊產生干擾。基於此，第一個 叢集點内通訊協定要求若兩個Hbg的距離小於公尺，則其對應的 兩個叢集不應該同時活動。 1279224 根據一般狀況π的值大於及。在單路徑開放空間[1〇]中，由於 在接收端所得到的訊號強度與距離的平方成反比，第一個叢集點間通 汛協定建議用於叢集點間通訊之訊號強度應該要遠大於用於叢集點内 • 3訊之，強度的16倍。此外，這個協定亦要求用於叢集點内:協 、 疋的頻寬應與用於叢集點内的頻寬區隔。因此，每個HBG(20)採用只 少兩個不同的頻寬。—侧於叢集助通訊另-細於叢集點間通訊、。 ，而，只採用叢集内通訊信標來除能鄰近的叢集將帶來嚴重的飢 餓問題。考慮兩個病人躺在相鄰的病床上的情結。如果兩個叢集點的 • △與匕的值相同，且兩個叢集被預期將在大約相同的時間活動，則活 動期間較其他叢集稍晚一些的叢集可能總是被其他的叢集除能。 大夕數的作業系統使用老化技術來解決叙餓問題。基於這個技 術，第二個叢集點間通訊協定要求HBG採用圖7中的程序來決定它們 的活動期間。 圖7顯示兩個相鄰的叢集c與&的期望的活動期間。在時間 β的HBG廣播了 一個封包給所有與他相鄰的職。此封包包含 了一個序對β的優先權。若&的優先權小於等於G的優 先權，則β的HBG不做回應。否則，&的HBG在&時間之前送出一個 •包含了序對封包給G的HBG，以在時間間隔6¾ 除能G。 為了解決饥餓問題，第二個叢集間通訊協定採用了以下的規則 來定義每個叢集點的優先權。 R1·優先權是一個整數。β是最低的優先權且#是最高的優先權。 R2· —個一般的叢集的初始優先權是 R3·對於一個優先權小於的叢集心若任何广的叢集内通訊被其他 的叢集除能，則C的HBG將它的優先權增加1。 R4·若叢集c所有的叢集内通訊皆沒有被其他叢集除能，叢集f的HBG 將其優先權設為〇。 1279224 R5.若一個叢集的初始優先權是#，則HBG不改變它的優先 由於某些病人需要不被打擾的週期性的監護，這個 1 人保留了最高的優先權。 力疋為這些病 -旦-個叢集内通訊被除能，其霞在對應的時 安靜。在此情況’對應的感測節點不會從它的廳收到任:保持 據叢集點内通訊協定，感測節點將不知道它的睡眠時間。根 通訊協^ ’此感測節點必須採祕同步機制來重新 x轉集内 眠時間。由於制步是-個昂貴的工作且叢集_訊可能睡 能’因此，此叢集内通訊協定依該提供另一個再同步程序ς 點内通訊被除能的感測節點。 F二叢集 要求感測節點維護它們的前一次的睡眠時間揭 個快速且低成本的再同步程序的可紐^在圖3與 们心供一 ;與;- It睡^ 且低成本的再同步:用則—次的睡眠時間是-個快速 為===== 節的維護它的前—次的睡眠時間，它採用0 R3·若^^· 、 它的_的封肖，二且^感測節點在tci+t· 設定^ ’則即點採用w一次的睡眠時間為它的睡眠時間並 否則，它採用再同步程序並設定仏^^。 〜1和附照2為本發明感測節點的雛型。附照1的感測節點雛 1279224 —個無線臨床溫度計。這個雛形的無線電頻率採用43施ASK '相:附照2本發明藉由加人此無、線電頻率模组，以採用相同的益線 =率技術來修改-個可攜式的醫療裝置。此可攜式醫療裝置包含了 它憤—個脈搏計。這個裝置支援了三個指令。_指令強制 、=立即執行偵測程序並且將偵測結果儲存到它的緩衝區中。之後，此 =指令給裝置的應用程式應該再送出—個取得 =子麵倾切_結果。組態只令強制它執行組態 = 匕的時間或感測週期。 附照3，本發明將人體感測器閘道廳實作在Hp ip細綱7。它 =indows CE為作業系統，使用Samsung S3C 244()麵HZ的處理哭， 用、=EEE802. lib無線網路卡’藍牙模組與一個序列介面。藍芽模组 ΐ 與血壓計與脈搏計離型的叢集内通訊。對於叢集間通訊，採 _ n U無基礎建設模式。人體感測器網路閘道⑽G)使用順 即2· 11基礎建設模式與遠端的HCMC通訊。 為了發展人體感測器網路閘道⑽)上的應用程式，我們選用微軟 、:mbedded Visual C++ 4.0作為整合開發環境。而為了發展執行 in 〇ws χρ為作業系統的HQfc，我們使用微軟的仏―⑽6 〇。 =，在·上有-個含有兩個表格的病人#料庫，此兩個表格分別 树了每個病人的_節闕_字與域測節點取得_測結果。 攻個病人貧料庫由MySQL所提供的C應用程式介面存取。 為了存取實體設備，Windows CE作業系統提供了一些應用程式介 面給程式設計者，以存取這些它擁有的設備。 # #應用私式雖可以使用虛擬序列埠或WinS〇Ck應用程式介面來使用 監牙協定而與感測節點通訊。然而，由於用來發布服務的SDp紀錄十 分複雜，使用.磁變料分困難。因此在本發_具體實施例中， 使用虛擬串列埠來與感測節點通訊。此外，我們使用Win—來存取 例如IEEE 802· 11或GPRS的網路介面。 1279224 一 w 1 nd〇ws CE作業系統提通了 一組的資料庫應用程式介面（CEDB Apj) 、0應用程式來間單的管理與組織例如住址滑單與郵件夾的資料。雖然 二料庫管理系統（例如SQL server與Access)也被Windows CE所支援， 匕^對於我們的系統來說可能太複雜了，因此，此系統使用CE⑽ 的資纟斗庫應用程式介面來建立與管理感測節點資料庫8肌^(242)與偵 測結果資料庫DRDB(243)。附照3顯示了此HBG呈現了過去三十三次'、在 使用者胸上偵測體溫的臨床體溫計的偵測結果。 本毛月為先進無線生醫保健監測系統在長期週期性健康遠育照護 提ΐ 了—個叢集化的無線網路架構。為了最小化能量消耗並解 測㈣的設計複雜度，本發明設計了—個省電機懒—组的叢 專利=舉之r以限定本發明之 —他變化的等 =:==專 於同類技術喊_ =:=合=文_請， 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明叢集化的感_路架構示意圖； 圖2為本發明一個叢集點的生命週期。；’ 圖3為本發明-個叢集點的感測週期示意圖； 圖4為本發明-個活動間隔之構成示意圖；’ 圖5為本發明再同步機制示意圖； 圖6為本發明兩個叢集點間ΐ能干擾的示意圖 14 1279224 圖7為本發明相鄰叢集的競爭示意圖； 【主要元件符號說明】 (1)叢集點 （10)感測節點 (20)人體感測器網路閘道 （30)網路存取點 (40)遠端健康照護系統The first cluster point communication protocol states that each activity interval should be split into two time periods, as shown in Figure 4. During the polling period, this HBG (20) communicates with all of its sensing nodes (1〇) one by one. Each communication consists of three steps. In the first step, the HBG() sends an instruction to the sensing node (10). Once the sensing node (1〇) receives this instruction, the corresponding program is executed to respond to the instruction in the second step. Finally, this Hbg (2〇) sends sleep time to this sensing node (10). Once the sensing node (1〇) receives this sleep time by its hbg(2〇), this sleep time is used to set a time to wake up its antenna and turn off its antenna. In this paper, the time of these three steps is separately labeled, transformed, and in addition, this agreement also requires that the values of the heart and ^ be constant and widely known to members within each of the same cluster points (1). Based on this agreement, each of the (10) values of its cluster points can be easily calculated. Moreover, once this HBG determines the value of ", the sleep time of its sensing node can be calculated immediately. HBG broadcasts the value of Δ to all of its sensing nodes. At the end of the period (10) ri〇d) It is very helpful to know the revival of the reward time of the rainbow. The communication protocol in the second cluster point does not know that they provide a resynchronization mechanism. Figure 5 shows the resynchronization mechanism for the sensing nodes (1〇) that do not know their sleep time. In Fig. 5, a sensing node (1_ listens to any packet sent from its brain (10) & seconds. If it fails, it turns off its antenna and sleeps repeating this procedure until it receives it - By its circle (10) ^ & in general, '匕 keep listening state, it receives - the value of (10) broadcasted by the end of its HBG (20). In the first case, 'this, node ((8) learns the (10) value and __ comes from her _(_packet. In this case, this sense 1279224 remains listening until it receives a packet sent to it by its HBG(20). This resynchronization mechanism is significant The sensor node (1〇) is reduced to learn the correct activity time and the energy consumption of the sleep time. It should be noted that the value of ώ and G/ determines the performance of the resynchronization mechanism. If the heart 仏卿尤仏/知' then this sense A node (1〇) may not be able to capture a complete packet by any member of the same cluster point (1). The energy consumption due to idle listening and & grow 'smaller' will reduce more due to idle listening. Energy. Therefore, the communication protocol in the second cluster point (1) - On the other hand, if it is done, the sensing node (1〇) may miss the active period of the cluster point (1). Figure 5 clearly shows that the smaller the value is added, the sensing point is in it. The activity of the cluster points wakes up several times before the suspicion is repeated. This means that this agreement should try to increase the value of tRI to reduce the energy consumption on the idle monitor. However, this increases the loss of a sense node. The next active interval of its cluster point and thus the time of resynchronization of the sensing point. In order to reduce the time of resynchronization of the sensing point, HBG can increase the ending interval and meet this inequality~ the public office and adopt the ending interval. To repeat the sleep time. (Β) Inter-cluster communication protocol · In order to avoid interference between clusters, HBG (20) should disable the communication within the cluster points of adjacent cluster points to eliminate noise from other cluster points. Each HBG (2〇) should inform that there is a neighboring HBG to be quiet in its active interval. Although this concept is reasonable, it brings several problems. The first problem is the definition of the neighbor relationship. Figure 6 can Help define a neighbor relationship. In Figure 6, r and β represent the maximum communication distance and the radius of the interference distance of a sensing node. Therefore, if the distance between two HBGs is less than a meter, communication within a cluster point It may interfere with communication in another cluster point. Based on this, the first cluster point communication protocol requires that if the distance between two Hbg is less than a meter, the corresponding two clusters should not be active at the same time. The value of the condition π is greater than and. In the single-path open space [1〇], since the signal strength obtained at the receiving end is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, the first cluster-to-point overnight agreement is recommended for inter-cluster communication. The signal strength should be much larger than the 16 times the intensity used in the cluster point. In addition, this agreement is also required for use in cluster points: the bandwidth of the co- and 疋 should be separated from the bandwidth used within the cluster point. Therefore, each HBG (20) uses only two different bandwidths. - Side to cluster help communication - finer than cluster point communication. However, the use of intra-cluster communication beacons to remove adjacent clusters can cause serious hunger problems. Consider the complexion of two patients lying on an adjacent bed. If the • △ and 匕 values of the two cluster points are the same and the two clusters are expected to be active at approximately the same time, the clusters that are later in the activity than the other clusters may always be disabled by the other clusters. The eve system uses aging technology to solve the problem of hunger. Based on this technique, the second inter-cluster communication protocol requires HBG to use the procedure in Figure 7 to determine their activity period. Figure 7 shows the expected activity period of two adjacent clusters c & At time β HBG broadcasts a packet to all jobs adjacent to him. This packet contains a priority for β. If the priority of & is less than or equal to the priority of G, then the HBG of β does not respond. Otherwise, the & HBG sends a • before the & time • contains the sequence pair to the HB of the HBG to disable G at the time interval 63⁄4. To address hunger, the second inter-cluster protocol uses the following rules to define the priority of each cluster point. R1·Priority is an integer. β is the lowest priority and # is the highest priority. R2· The initial priority of a general cluster is R3. For a cluster with a lower priority, if any wide intra-cluster communication is disabled by other clusters, then C's HBG will increase its priority by one. R4· If all the intra-cluster communication of cluster c is not disabled by other clusters, the HBG of cluster f sets its priority to 〇. 1279224 R5. If the initial priority of a cluster is #, then HBG does not change its priority. Because some patients require periodic monitoring that is not disturbed, this one retains the highest priority. For these diseases, the communication within the cluster was dismantled, and the Xia was quiet at the corresponding time. In this case, the corresponding sensing node will not receive any from its office: Keeping the communication protocol within the cluster point, the sensing node will not know its sleep time. The root communication protocol ^' this sensing node must use the secret synchronization mechanism to re-integrate the insomnia time. Since the step-by-step is an expensive job and the cluster may be able to sleep, the intra-cluster protocol thus provides a sensing node that is disabled by communication within the other resynchronization procedure. The F-two clusters require the sensing nodes to maintain their previous sleep time. A quick and low-cost resynchronization program can be used to provide a fast and low-cost resynchronization in Figure 3; : Use the time - the sleep time is - a fast for the ===== section to maintain its pre-time sleep time, it uses 0 R3 · if ^ ^ ·, its _ of the seal Xiao, two and ^ The sensing node sets the sleep time in tci+t·^, that is, the sleep time of w is used as its sleep time and otherwise, it uses the resynchronization program and sets 仏^^. ~1 and Attachment 2 are prototypes of the sensing node of the present invention. Sensing node 1 of the attached 1 1279224 - a wireless clinical thermometer. This prototype radio frequency uses 43 ASK 'phase: Attachment 2 The invention is modified by the same benefit line rate technology by adding this lineless line frequency technology to a portable medical device. This portable medical device contains its anger - a pulse meter. This device supports three instructions. The _ command forces, = immediately executes the detection process and stores the detection results in its buffer. After that, the = command to the device's application should be sent again - get = sub-surface dumping _ results. The configuration only forces it to perform the configuration = 匕 time or sensing period. Attachment 3, the present invention implements the human body sensor gateway hall in Hp ip detail 7. It =indows CE for the operating system, using the Samsung S3C 244 () face HZ processing cry, with, = EEE802. lib wireless network card 'Bluetooth module and a serial interface. Bluetooth module ΐ Communication with clusters of sphygmomanometers and pulse meters. For inter-cluster communication, _ n U has no infrastructure construction mode. The human sensor network gateway (10)G) communicates with the remote HCMC using the compliant infrastructure. In order to develop applications on the human sensor network gateway (10), we chose Microsoft, mbedded Visual C++ 4.0 as the integrated development environment. In order to develop the implementation of in 〇ws χρ for the HQfc of the operating system, we use Microsoft's 仏-(10)6 〇. =, there is a patient's database with two tables on the ·, these two tables respectively _ _ _ word and domain test node for each patient to obtain _ test results. Attacking a patient's poor library is accessed by the C application interface provided by MySQL. In order to access physical devices, the Windows CE operating system provides some application interface to the programmer to access the devices it owns. The ## application private can communicate with the sensing node using the virtual serial port or the WinS〇Ck application interface using the sensory protocol. However, since the SDp record used to publish the service is extremely complicated, it is difficult to use the magnetic material. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a virtual serial port is used to communicate with the sensing node. In addition, we use Win- to access a network interface such as IEEE 802.11 or GPRS. 1279224 A w 1 nd〇ws CE operating system has provided a set of database application interface (CEDB Apj), 0 application to manage and organize the information such as address slippage and mail folder. Although the two-database management system (such as SQL server and Access) is also supported by Windows CE, 匕^ may be too complicated for our system. Therefore, this system uses CE(10)'s resource library application interface to establish and The sensor node database 8 muscle (242) and the detection result database DRDB (243) are managed. Attachment 3 shows that this HBG presents the results of a clinical thermometer that detected body temperature on the chest of the user for the past thirty-three times. This month is a cluster of wireless network architecture for the advanced wireless health care monitoring system in the long-term cyclical health care. In order to minimize the energy consumption and to decompose the design complexity of (4), the present invention has designed a provincial motor lazy-group of patents = to limit the invention - his changes, etc. =: = = is designed for the same technology Shouting _ =:===文_Please, [Simplified Schematic] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a clustered sense path of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a life cycle of a cluster point of the present invention. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sensing period of a cluster point of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an active interval according to the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a resynchronization mechanism of the present invention; FIG. Schematic diagram of inter-band interference 14 1279224 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the competition of adjacent clusters according to the present invention; [Explanation of main component symbols] (1) Cluster point (10) Sensing node (20) Human body sensor network gateway (30) Network access point (40) remote health care system