1278164 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種圓柱狀步進馬達，其 應用在小型裝置上，包括攝影裝置及行動電話; 【先前技術】 可以縮減圍繞著旋轉軸線之直徑但同時可 • 步進馬達已有人提出（參見日本專利申請案 H09-33 1 666號（美國專利第583 1 356號）） 中顯示出此種步進馬達的分解外觀圖，而第7 出此種步進馬達在組合完成裝態下沿著轉軸所 〇 在這些圖式中，參考編號201代表一由包 方向分割成四部份之永久磁鐵所組成的圓柱狀 四個部份係交錯地磁化成不同的磁極；參考編 # 著軸向方向設置於轉子201鄰旁的第一線圈 203是同樣沿著軸向方向設置於轉子201鄰旁 ;參考編號204是由軟磁性材料所製成而可 202加以激磁的第一定子；以及參考編號205 材料所製成而可由第二線圈203加以激磁的第： 第一定子204在轉子201的外側周邊表面 相對而其間有一間隙的第一外磁極部位204A ] 在轉子20 1的內側周邊表面上設有互相相對而 隙的第一內磁極部位204C及2(MD。第二定子 可以有用地 增加輸出的 早期公開第 。在第6圖 圖中則顯示 取之剖面圖 含有沿周邊 轉子，該等 號202是沿 ;參考編號 的第二線圈 由第一線圈 是由軟磁性 二定子。 上設有互相 5： 204B，且 其間有一間 205在轉子 (2) 1278164 « ， 20 1的外側周邊表面上設有互相相對而其間有一間隙的第 二外磁極部位205 A及205B，且在轉子201的內側周邊表 面上設有互相相對而其間有一間隙的第二內磁極部位 205C及205D。參考編號206代表一供轉子201固定在其 上的輸出軸，此軸係由第一定子204的軸承204E及第二 定子205的軸承205E以可旋轉的方式加以支撐住。參考 編207代表一個由非磁性材料製成而可將第一定子204及 φ 第二定子2〇5加以固定成使其間有一預定之空間的連接環 〇 在前述的結構中，其係將第一線圈202及第二線圈 203的供電方向加以切換，以改變第一外磁極部位 204A 和204B及第一內磁極部位204C及204D，以及第二外磁 極部位205A及205B及第二內磁極部位205C及205D的 極性，進而轉動轉子201。 在此種步進馬達中，供電至線圈所產生的磁通量會自 φ 外磁極部位流通至相對的內磁極部位，或是自內磁極部位 流通至相對的外磁極部位，而能在用以構成位在該等外磁 極部位與內磁極部位之間之轉子的磁鐵上有效地做功。再 者，由於外磁極部位與內磁極部位間的距離可以大約等於 圓柱狀磁鐵的厚度，因此可以減少由外磁極部位與內磁極 部位所構成的磁路的阻抗。磁路的阻抗較小，則產生許多 磁通量所需的電流也較小，這代表較大的輸出。 在技術文獻（參見日本專利申請案早期公開第H10-229 67〇號）中所揭露的此種步進馬達的另一種改良中，內 (3) 1278164 磁極部位係形成爲圓柱狀，而插置於該等內磁極部位內部 的輸出軸則是由軟磁性材料所構成，並套設於定子（包含 有內磁極部位及外磁極部位）上，而旋轉地支撐著該輸出 軸的軸承則是由非磁性材料所構成。由於輸出軸亦可用來 做爲此種架構中之磁路的一部份，因此馬達的輸出將可增 大。 但是，在日本專利申請案早期公開第H1 0-229670號 φ 所揭露的馬達中，由於該等內磁極部位每一者均是連接在 一起，供電至第一線圈所產生的磁通量會通過該軟磁性材 料的輸出軸而影響到第二線圈、第二外磁極部位及第二內 磁極部位，而供電至第二線圈所產生的磁通量亦會通過該 軟磁性材料的輸出軸而影響到第一線圈、第一外磁極部位 及第一內磁極部位，因之而使得轉動不穩定。 在日本專利申請案早期公開第H09-33 1 666號（美國 專利第583 1 356號）及日本專利申請案早期公開第H10-# 229670號二者所揭露的馬達中，在磁鐵的內徑及與之相對 的內磁極部位間必須要有一預定的空間，而此一空間的控 制會在製程中增加成本。此外，基於定子的形狀，必須要 用圓柱狀的內磁極部位及外磁極部位，而他們的一體式構 造在零組件的製造上會造成困擾。但他們的個別製造而後 組裝則會增加零組件數量，這是另一種的成本增加因數。 再者，如果第一外磁極部位及第二外磁極部位非常靠 降間 的之 出位 輸部 動極 轉磁 及外 性二 確第 精及 轉位 旋部 成極 造磁 ， 外 像 I 現第 音在 串’ 生此 產免 會避 則爲 5 〇 近低 -6- (4) 1278164 在平行於軸線方向的方向上設有一間隙T 1。在前面所引 述的專利申請案中，第一外磁極部位及第二外磁極部位係 配置成在轉子外側周邊表面外有著1 80/η的相位偏差，其 中η是磁鐵之磁化磁極的數量，另外，第一外磁極部位是 以7 20/η度的間距設置在η/2個位置上，而相對於轉子外 側周邊表面的相對角度是約360/ri度。第二外磁極部位也 是以720/η度的間距設置在11/2個位置上，而相對於轉子 φ 外側周邊表面的相對角度爲約360/η度。因此，如果在平 行於軸線的方向上沒有間隙Τ1的話，第一外磁極部位及 第二外磁極部位將會互相碰觸到。 再者，由於間隙Τ1的存在會將第一外磁極部位在軸 向方向上與磁鐵轉子相對的長度縮減至（Α1-Τ1 ) /2，其 中 Α1是磁鐵轉子在軸向方向上的長度，因此將無法有效 地利用磁鐵轉子，並且會降低輸出，特別是在馬達軸向方 向上的尺寸縮減的情形下。 【發明內容】 本發明的目的在於提供一種較低價而更強力的步進馬 達，但無損其小型化。 爲達成前述的目的，根據本發明的步進馬達包含有一 圓柱狀磁鐵，沿著周邊方向均等地分割成4χη等份’並交 錯地磁化成不同極性；一圓柱狀第一線圈及一圓柱狀第二 線圈，與該磁鐵同心，且配置在能將該磁鐵沿著軸向方向 固定在其等之間的位置處；第一外磁極部位，自該磁鐵之 -7- (5) (5)1278164 (1) Nine, the invention belongs to the technical field of the invention. The present invention relates to a cylindrical stepping motor, which is applied to a small device, including a photographing device and a mobile phone; [Prior Art] can be reduced around the rotation The diameter of the axis, but at the same time, the stepping motor has been proposed (see Japanese Patent Application No. H09-33 1 666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,831,356)). 7 Such a stepping motor is placed in the drawings along the rotating shaft in the assembled state, and reference numeral 201 represents a cylindrical four-part system composed of permanent magnets divided into four parts by the direction of the package. Interleavedly magnetized into different magnetic poles; the first coil 203 disposed adjacent to the rotor 201 in the axial direction is also disposed adjacent to the rotor 201 in the axial direction; reference numeral 204 is made of soft magnetic material. And a first stator that can be excited by 202; and a material made of reference numeral 205 material that can be excited by the second coil 203: the first stator 204 is on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 201 The first outer magnetic pole portion 204A having a gap therebetween is provided with first inner magnetic pole portions 204C and 2 (MD.) which are opposite to each other on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 20 1. The second stator can usefully increase the output early. The disclosure is shown in Fig. 6. The cross-sectional view taken along the peripheral rotor, the equal sign 202 is along; the reference number of the second coil is made up of the first coil by the soft magnetic two stators. 204B, and a 205 therebetween is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor (2) 1278164 « , 20 1 with second outer magnetic pole portions 205 A and 205B opposed to each other with a gap therebetween, and on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 201 Second inner magnetic pole portions 205C and 205D are provided opposite each other with a gap therebetween. Reference numeral 206 denotes an output shaft to which the rotor 201 is fixed, the shaft being the bearing 204E and the second stator of the first stator 204. The bearing 205E of 205 is rotatably supported. Reference numeral 207 represents a non-magnetic material which can be used to fix the first stator 204 and the second stator 2〇5 with a predetermined therebetween. The connection ring of the space is in the foregoing structure, which switches the power supply directions of the first coil 202 and the second coil 203 to change the first outer magnetic pole portions 204A and 204B and the first inner magnetic pole portions 204C and 204D, and The polarities of the second outer magnetic pole portions 205A and 205B and the second inner magnetic pole portions 205C and 205D further rotate the rotor 201. In such a stepping motor, the magnetic flux generated by the power supplied to the coil flows from the outer magnetic pole portion of the φ to the opposite The inner magnetic pole portion or the inner magnetic pole portion flows to the opposite outer magnetic pole portion, and can effectively perform work on the magnet for forming the rotor between the outer magnetic pole portion and the inner magnetic pole portion. Further, since the distance between the outer magnetic pole portion and the inner magnetic pole portion can be approximately equal to the thickness of the cylindrical magnet, the impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the outer magnetic pole portion and the inner magnetic pole portion can be reduced. The impedance of the magnetic circuit is small, and the current required to generate many magnetic fluxes is also small, which represents a larger output. In another modification of the stepping motor disclosed in the technical literature (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-22967 No.), the inner (3) 1278164 magnetic pole portion is formed in a cylindrical shape and interposed. The output shaft inside the inner magnetic pole portion is made of a soft magnetic material, and is sleeved on the stator (including the inner magnetic pole portion and the outer magnetic pole portion), and the bearing that rotationally supports the output shaft is Made up of non-magnetic materials. Since the output shaft can also be used as part of the magnetic circuit in this architecture, the motor output can be increased. However, in the motor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H01-229670, the magnetic flux generated by the power supply to the first coil passes through the soft state because each of the inner magnetic pole portions is connected together. The output shaft of the magnetic material affects the second coil, the second outer magnetic pole portion and the second inner magnetic pole portion, and the magnetic flux generated by the second coil is also affected by the output shaft of the soft magnetic material to affect the first coil The first outer magnetic pole portion and the first inner magnetic pole portion are unstable in rotation. In the motor disclosed in both Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 1 666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,831,356) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-# 229670, the inner diameter of the magnet and There must be a predetermined space between the inner magnetic pole portions, and the control of this space will increase the cost in the manufacturing process. In addition, based on the shape of the stator, the cylindrical inner magnetic pole portion and the outer magnetic pole portion must be used, and their one-piece construction causes troubles in the manufacture of the components. However, their individual manufacturing and subsequent assembly will increase the number of components, which is another cost increase factor. Furthermore, if the first outer magnetic pole portion and the second outer magnetic pole portion are very close to the lower portion of the moving portion, the moving pole is magnetically transformed, and the outer second and the fine rotating portion are pole-magnetized. The first sound is in the string 'production, and the avoidance is 5 〇 near low-6- (4) 1278164 A gap T 1 is provided in a direction parallel to the axial direction. In the above-referenced patent application, the first outer magnetic pole portion and the second outer magnetic pole portion are arranged to have a phase deviation of 180/n outside the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, where η is the number of magnetized magnetic poles of the magnet, and The first outer magnetic pole portion is disposed at n/2 positions at a pitch of 7 20 / η degrees, and the relative angle with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor is about 360 / ri degrees. The second outer magnetic pole portion is also disposed at 1 1/2 positions at a pitch of 720 / η, and the relative angle with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor φ is about 360 / η. Therefore, if there is no gap Τ1 in the direction parallel to the axis, the first outer magnetic pole portion and the second outer magnetic pole portion will touch each other. Furthermore, since the existence of the gap Τ1 reduces the length of the first outer magnetic pole portion in the axial direction from the magnet rotor to (Α1-Τ1) /2, where Α1 is the length of the magnet rotor in the axial direction, The magnet rotor will not be effectively utilized and will reduce the output, especially in the case of a reduction in the axial direction of the motor. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a stepper motor that is less expensive and more powerful, without compromising its miniaturization. In order to achieve the foregoing object, a stepping motor according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical magnet which is equally divided into 4 χ aliquots along the peripheral direction and alternately magnetized into different polarities; a cylindrical first coil and a cylindrical second a coil concentric with the magnet and disposed at a position where the magnet can be fixed in the axial direction between the same; the first outer magnetic pole portion, from the magnet -7-(5) (5)
1278164 一底部起與側邊相對，配置在藉由以η加以等分 多個角位置上，且可由該第一線圈加以激磁；第 部位，自該磁鐵之另一底部起與側邊相對，配置 η加以等分而得到的多個角位置上，且可由該第 以激磁；一旋轉軸，由軟磁性材料所製成，其中 內磁極部位，固定在該磁鐵的內部，至少在軸向 範圍內與該等第一外磁極部位及第二外磁極部位 φ 可由該等第一線圏及第二線圈加以激磁；其中該 磁極部位及第二外磁極部位係配置成使他們在該 位置係依據1 3 5/η度的磁化相位而偏錯開，且係 鐵的軸向方向至少部份地互相重合。 本發明的前述及其他的目的、特徵及優點可 讀下面的詳細說明，並配合所附圖式而得知。 【實施方式】 現在將配合圖式來詳細地說明本發明之步進 施例。 <第一實施例> 第1圖至第4圖是有關於本發明的第一個實 1圖是一步進馬達的分解外觀圖，第2圖是第1 之步進馬達組合狀態下沿著後面第3圖中線ΒΒ 開的剖面圖。第3圖則是第1圖中所示之步進馬 裝態下沿著垂直於轉子之軸的方向觀看之沿著前 而得到的 二外磁極 在藉由以 二線圈加 形成有一 方向的一 相對，且 等第一外 磁鐵上的 相對於磁 以藉由閱 馬達的實 施例。第 圖中所不 的位置剖 達在組合 面第2圖 -8 - (6) 1278164 中線AA的位置剖開的剖面圖。第4圖是顯示出作動狀態 的剖面圖。1278164 a bottom portion opposite to the side, disposed at a plurality of angular positions by η, and may be excited by the first coil; the first portion is disposed opposite to the side from the other bottom of the magnet η is divided into a plurality of angular positions, and may be excited by the first; a rotating shaft, made of a soft magnetic material, wherein the inner magnetic pole portion is fixed inside the magnet, at least in the axial range And the first outer magnetic pole portion and the second outer magnetic pole portion φ may be excited by the first coil and the second coil; wherein the magnetic pole portion and the second outer magnetic pole portion are configured such that they are based on the position 3 5 / η degrees of magnetization phase are offset, and the axial direction of the tie iron at least partially coincide with each other. The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from [Embodiment] A stepping method of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. <First Embodiment> Figs. 1 to 4 are exploded perspective views of a stepping motor relating to the first solid image of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a sectional state of the first stepping motor combined state A cross-sectional view of the line in the third figure below. Figure 3 is a view showing the two outer magnetic poles obtained along the front in the stepping horse state shown in Fig. 1 along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotor. In contrast, and on the first outer magnet, the embodiment of the motor is referenced to the magnet. The position shown in the figure is a cross-sectional view taken at the position of line AA of Figure 2, Figure -8 - (6) 1278164. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the actuation state.
在這些圖式中，參考編號1代表用以構成一轉子的圓 柱狀磁鐵環。此構成轉子之磁鐵環1的外側周邊表面係沿 著周邊方向等間距地分割成4xri個部份（η是整數；在此 實施例中，η = 4，亦即該表面係分割成1 6個部份），而形 成多個交錯地磁化成Ν極及S極的磁化部位1A、1Β、1 C • 、ID、IE、IF、1G、1H、II、1J、IK、1L、1M、IN、IP 、及 1 Q。磁化部位 1 A、1 C、1 E、1 G、11、1 K、1 M 及 1 P 的外側周邊是S極，而磁化部位 1B、1D、1F、1H、1J、 1 L、1N及1 Q的外側周邊則是N極。此磁鐵環1，係構造 成一射出成型的塑膠磁鐵，可以輕易地製做成小而薄的形 狀。其即使是以壓配方式組裝也不會有破裂的情形。參考 編號2代表一圓柱狀第一線圈，而參考編號3則是一圓柱 狀第二線圈。此二線圈的中心部位係與磁鐵環1的中心部 # 位相重合，且這二個線圈係沿著軸向方向並排而使磁鐵環 1夾置於其間。這些第一及第二線圈2及3的外徑係大致 上等於磁鐵環1的外徑。 參考編號8代表第一定子，而參考編號9則是第二定 子。此二者均係由軟磁性材料所製成，每一者均具有一圓 柱狀的外管。第一定子8具有齒狀第一外磁極部位8A、 8B、8C、及8D，面對著磁鐵環1的外側周邊表面而在其 間有一預定的間隙。這些第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、 及8D係藉由將圓柱狀第一定子8的外管部的邊緣加以凹 (7) 1278164 陷成多個部份而形成的，其每一部份均構成一齒狀的磁極 ’自磁鐵環1的底部沿著軸向方向延伸出。這些第一外磁 極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D係偏錯開3 6 0/n度，亦即每一 者錯開90度。第二定子9亦具有齒狀的第二外磁極部位 9A、9B、9C、及9D，面對著磁鐵環1的外側周邊表面而 在其間有一預定的間隙。這些第二外磁極部位9A、9B、 9C、及9D係藉由將圓柱狀第二定子9的外管部的邊緣加 # 以凹陷成多個部份而形成的，其每一部份均構成一齒狀的 磁極，自磁鐵環1上不同於與第一定子8相關之底部的另 一側底部沿著軸向方向延伸出。這些第二外磁極部位9A 、9B、9C、及9D也是偏錯開360/n度，亦即每一者錯開 90度。 定子8的每一第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D及 第二定子9的每一第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D均 是由一凹陷部及一沿著平行於該軸之方向延伸的齒部所構 9 成的。此種結構可以在將步進馬達直徑最小化的情形下形 成磁極部位。如果這些外磁極部位是由沿著徑向方向延伸 的內凹部及外凸部所構成的話，則馬達的直徑必定隨之加 大，而本實施例中所用之外磁極部位的結構係包含有凹陷 部及沿著平行於軸之方向的齒部，可有助於將馬達的直徑 減至最小。 第一定子8係由第一線圈2加以激磁，而第二定子9 則是由第二線圈3加以激磁。 第一定子8的第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D及 -10- (8) 1278164 第二定子9的第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D在形狀 上是相同的，且係配置成使這二組齒狀磁極部位的末端能 互相相對，且在磁鐵環的外側周邊表面上在平行於磁鐵環 之軸的方向上的位置處互相重合。 第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D及第二定子9的 第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D係在磁鐵環1在軸向 方向上的全長內面對著磁鐵環1的外側周邊表面。 0 將此磁鐵環1，其長度在此是以A1代表，與習用的 結構（日本專利申請案早期公開第H09 - 3 3 1 6 6 6號）相比 較，該磁鐵磁極總數是4χη的習用結構中的第一外磁極數 量是2χη，相面對的長度是（Α1-Τ1 ) /2，故相面對的總長 度是爲η X ( A 1 - Τ 1 )，而根據本發明的相面對總長度是η X Α1，較習用者爲長。這表示說，根據本發明的馬達可以更 有效地利用該磁鐵。 第一定子8及第二定子9係配置成使他們各齒狀磁極 φ 部位間具有（135/η )度的相位偏移，亦即33·75度（η = 4 )。此角度在第3圖中是以C加以標示。 第一定子8及第二定子9與磁鐵環相面對的各齒狀磁 極部位的角度範圍（在第3圖中以D加以標示）是每一齒 360/ ( 4χη )，亦即22.5度，或較小。由於用以構成第一 定子8之外磁極部位的齒係與用以構成第二定子9之外磁 極部位的齒心至心偏錯開3 3.7 5度，因此第一定子8的第 一外磁極部位8Α、8Β、8C、及8D與第二定子9的第二外 磁極部位9Α、9Β、9C、及9D在形狀上是相同的，且即使 -11 - (9) 1278164 這兩組齒狀磁極部位的末端是互相相對，並配置成在磁鐵 環的外側周邊表面上在平行於磁鐵環之軸的方向上的位置 處互相重合，他們仍是互相分離開的。因此一理由之故， 在該等第一外磁極部位與該等第二外磁極部位之間不會發 生串音現象，所以不會有旋轉精確性及轉動輸出降低的情 形。 參考編號1 〇代表一旋轉軸，係由軟磁性材料所構成 Φ ，且此軸係固定在磁鐵環1的內部。在此旋轉軸10中， 在該磁鐵環1處於第一定子8之第一外磁極部位8A、8B 、8C、及8D與該磁鐵環1的軸向方向上相面對的範圍內 的位置處，設有一外徑爲D1的內磁極部位1 0 A。由於第 二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D亦是配置成與第一定子 8之第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D在平行於磁鐵環 之軸的方向上的位置處相重合，因此內磁極部位1 〇 A亦是 與第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D相對。 0 旋轉軸10的部位10C插置於第一線圈2的內部，而 內磁極部位1 〇 A中位在與第一定子8之第一外磁極部位 8 A、8 B、8 C、及8 D相對之角範圍內的部份可由第一線圈 2加以激磁成與第一定子8之第一外磁極部位8A、8B、 8C、及8D的磁性相反的磁性。旋轉軸1 〇在垂直於內磁極 部位1 〇 A之軸線的方向上的截面形狀是圓形的’如第3圖 中所示。旋轉軸1 〇的部位1 0D插置於第二線圈3的內部 ，而內磁極部位10A中位在與第二定子9之第二外磁極部 位9 A、9 B、9 C、及9 D相對之角範圍內的部份可由第二線 -12- (10) 1278164 圈3加以激勵成與第二定子9之第二外磁極部位9A、9B 、9C、及9D的磁性相反的磁性。磁鐵環1是由內磁極部 位1 〇 A加以固定在旋轉軸1 0上。 由於磁鐵環的內部被置入內磁極部位1 〇 A，因此可以 增加此磁鐵的機械強度，而該內磁極部位1 〇 A則做爲背墊 金屬，所得的結果是即使此磁鐵應用在高溫環境中，磁路 的磁導係數也可以相當的高，而因去磁所致之磁性退化也 φ 可減低。第一定子8及第二定子9是呈杯狀，且可以一種 外管部下凹之簡單形狀製造之，此係有助於製造及組裝之 簡易化的特色。 參考編號1 2代表由非磁性材料製成的第一軸承，此 軸承係固定在第一定子8上，並以可旋轉方式支撐旋轉軸 1 〇的部位10E。參考編號1 3代表第二軸承，同樣是由非 磁性材料製成，此軸承係固定在第二定子9上，並以可旋 轉方式支撐旋轉軸10的部位10F。由於第一軸承12及第 • 二軸承1 3二者均是由非磁性材料製成的，他們可以防止 第一定子8與旋轉軸10間所產生之磁力所致的吸引力， 以及第二定子9與旋轉軸1 0間所產生之磁力所致的吸引 力，因之而有助於改善旋轉的性能及耐用性。 第一軸承12及第二軸承13也可以由軟磁性材料所製 成。在此種情形下，由於磁路的磁阻會減低，所產生的扭 矩即會增大。當然，在第一軸承12與旋轉軸10之間，或 是第二軸承1 3與旋轉軸1 0之間，會產生吸引力，如此所 致之摩擦力會造成扭矩損耗或是對於滑動面的耐用性有著 -13- (11) 1278164 不利的影響。但是，扭矩損耗或是因滑動面之摩擦而對於 滑動面耐用性的不利影響仍可以藉由在第一軸承12、旋轉 軸1 0及第二軸承1 3的表面施用潤滑劑、在其上塗覆（氟 、石墨或二硫化鉬基）潤滑漆或潤滑性鍍層（例如包含有 聚四氟乙烯顆粒的無電式鎳鍍層或鐵氟龍潤滑的無電式鎳 鍍層）來加以防阻，而馬達的輸出扭矩仍可增加。 第一軸承12是配置在第一定子8的外管部及旋轉軸 φ 1 0之間，並位在此二者由第一軸承1 2加以連接起來的部 位的鄰旁，且磁鐵環1之一側末端係固定在第一定子8的 第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D與旋轉軸10的內磁 極部位1 〇 A之間。同樣的，第二軸承1 3是配置在第二定 子9的外管部及旋轉軸1 0之間，並位在此二者由第二軸 承1 3加以連接起來的部位的鄰旁，磁鐵環1之另一側末 端則固定在第二定子9的第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、 及9D與旋轉軸10的內磁極部位10A之間。因此，其結 Φ 構是外磁極部位 8A、8B、8C、8D、9A、9B、9C、9D與 磁鐵環1的外側周邊表面相面對，內磁極部位1 0 A則位在 磁鐵環1的內側周邊表面上而與第一外磁極部位8A、8B 、8C、及8D相面對，第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及 9D同樣面對著該內磁極部位l〇A。 參考編號14代表一圓柱狀連接環，此連接環14的內 形成有溝槽 14A、14B、14C、14D、14E、14F、14G 及 14H。溝槽14A、14C、14E及14G在相位上是互相偏錯開 36 0/n度，亦即90度，而溝槽14B、14D、14F及14H在 -14- (12) 1278164 相位上也是互相偏錯開3 6 Ο / η度，亦即9 0度。 第一定子8的第一外磁極部位8 A、8 Β、8 C、及8 D係 插入至溝槽14A、MC、ME及14G內，並以黏著劑或類 似者加以固定在其內，而第二定子9的第二外磁極部位 9八、98、9(：、及90則是插入至溝槽148、140、14?及 14H內，並由黏著劑或類似者加以固定在其內。溝槽14A 、：14C、14E 及 14G 與溝槽 14B、14D、14F 及 14H 在相位 φ 上係互相偏錯開135/n度，亦即3 3.75。。如前所述，這會 使得第一定子8的齒狀外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、8D及第 二定子9的齒狀外磁極部位9 A、9B、9C、9D之間成爲以 135/n度，亦即33.75°，的相位偏錯方式配置及固定住。 藉由前述方式將第一定子8及第二定子9固定至此連 接環14上，這些第一定子8及第二定子9可以配置在所 需的位置及相位上。再者，連接環1 4是由非磁性材料製 成的，可以將第一定子8及第二定子9間的磁路加以截斷 # ，而使他們各自的磁極不會互相影響。 在本發明的此實施例中，由於磁鐵環1的內部係被置 入旋轉軸10的內磁極部位10A，該磁鐵在機械強度上優 於前面引述之日本專利申請案早期公開第H09-3 3 1 666號 (美國專利583 1 356號）及日本專利申請案早期公開第 Η 10-229 670號中所提出的相對應零件。再者，由於旋轉 軸1 〇係做爲所謂的背墊金屬’以減低該磁鐵內部所形成 的S極與Ν極間的磁阻，因此即使此磁鐵是應用在高溫環 境中，磁路的磁導係數可以設定成相當高，且因去磁所致 -15- (13) 1278164 之磁性退化也可以減低。 第一定子8及第二定子9是呈杯狀，且可以一種外管 部下凹之簡單形狀製造之，此係有助於製造之簡易化的特 色。而根據前面背景技藝相關段落所述之範例的日本專利 申請案早期公開第H09-33 1 666號（美國專利5 8 3 1 35 6號 )或日本專利申請案早期公開第H10-229670號的結構， 則必須要將第一定子或第二定子的內磁極部位與外磁極部 φ 位做成一體的構造，這代表在製造上必須要將內磁極部位 及外磁極部位由同一元件構成的困難度。例如說，他們在 金屬射出成型的成本上會較昂貴，或者組合衝壓會較製做 構成外磁極部位之件爲困難，因爲件尺寸縮小。個別製做 內磁極部位及外磁極部位，再塡縫法、焊接或黏著等將他 們固定在一起會伴隨著額外的成本。因此，日本專利申請 案早期公開第H09-33 1 666號（美國專利583 1 356號）及 日本專利申請案早期公開第H10-229670號中所揭露之每 • 一種習用馬達均需要有至少二個線圈、一磁鐵環、一輸出 軸及一第一定子（包含有二個零件，其一者爲外磁極部位 而另一者爲內磁極部位）、一第二定子（包含有二個零件 ，其一者爲外磁極部位，而另一者爲內磁極部位）、以及 一連接環，總共爲九個零件，而本實施例則僅需要七個零 件，包括有二線圈、一磁鐵環、一對應於該輸出軸的旋轉 軸、一第一定子（一部份構成外磁極部位）、一第二定子 (一部份構成外磁極部位）、以及一連接環，因此會較不 昂貴，且較容易製造。 -16- (14) 1278164 再者，曰本專利申請案早期公開第H09-33 1 666號（ 美國專利5 83 1 3 5 6號）及日本專利申請案早期公開第 H10-229670號所提出的馬達必須要將內磁極部位設置成 與磁鐵的內部相對，而其間存有一預定的間隙，且在組裝 時，該磁鐵必須要另外在該磁鐵的外部與該等外磁極部位 間維持精確的間隙。這表示在確保此間隙上會因爲零件精 確度的變化或是不良的組裝精度而有著高風險，這會造成 φ 使內磁極部位與磁鐵碰觸到的困擾，但本實施例中僅需要 處理磁鐵外部的間隙，這可有助於組裝的簡易化。本實施 例中的第一內磁極部位及第二內磁極部位係由單個零件所 構成的，會有較少的人爲誤差，且因此可提供較這些部位 是由個別零件構成者更爲正確的步進馬達。 再者，根據前面所引述的日本專利申請案早期公開第 H09-33 1666號（美國專利5 83 1 356號）及日本專利申請 案早期公開第H10-229670號，內磁極部位必須要構造成 • 不會與連接該磁鐵及輸出軸之部位相接觸，而此種需求會 使其無法將軸向方向一段該等內磁極部位與磁鐵互相面對 著的足夠長度（第7圖中的L1 )加以固定，而本實施例 中，如第2圖中L2所標示的，可以讓軸向方向上一段內 磁極部位與磁鐵互相面對的足夠長度能夠輕易地固定住， 這使其可以更有效地利用外磁極部位及該磁鐵，因之而能 增加馬達的輸出。 進一步將此一長度在此是以A1表示的磁鐵環1與習 用的結構（日本專利申請案早期公開第H09-3 3 1 666號（ -17- (15) 1278164 美國專利583 1 3 56號））相比較，該磁極總數爲4xn的習 用結構中的第一外磁極數量是 2 X η，相面對的長度是（ Α1-Τ1 ) /2，故相面對的總長度是爲ηχ ( AbTl )，而根 據本發明的相面對總長度是nxAl，較習用者爲長。這表 示說，根據本發明的馬達可以更有效地利用該磁鐵，以增 加其輸出。 現在將配合沿著第2圖中線A-A剖面的第4A圖至第 • 4D圖來說明此步進馬達的旋轉驅動。 第4A圖顯示出第一線圈2及第二線圈3受供電而將 第一定子8的第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D激磁成 N極，並將第二定子9的第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、 及9D加以激磁成S極的狀態。在磁鐵1中，1A、1C、1E 、1G、II、IK、1M 及 1P 是 S 極，而 IB、ID、IF、1H、 11、11^、11^及1(3是1^極。 當處於第4A圖中所示狀態下的第一線圈2及第二線 # 圏3受到供電而將第一定子8的外磁極部位8A、8B、8C 、及8D激磁成N極，並將第二定子9的外磁極部位9A、 9B、9C、及9D激磁成N極，做爲轉子的磁鐵環1將會逆 時鐘轉11.25度而進入至第4B圖中所示的狀態。接下來 ，當第一線圈2的供電方向顛倒而將第一定子8的外磁極 部位8A、8B、8C、及8D激磁成S極，並將第二定子9 的第磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D激磁成N極，則做爲 轉子的磁鐵環1會逆時鐘再轉動11.25度而進入第4C圖 中所示的狀態。接著，當第二線圈3的供電方向顛倒而將 (16) 1278164 第一定子8的外磁極部位8八、86、8(：、及80激磁成5 極，並將第二定子9的第磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D激 磁成S極，則做爲轉子的磁鐵環1會逆時鐘再轉動1 1.2 5 度而進入第4D圖中所示的狀態。 其後，藉由連續地顛倒第一線圈2及第二線圈3的供 電方向，做爲轉子的磁鐵環1會向前轉動至與每次供電相 位相配合的位置處。 φ 本發明在如前述的第一實施例中，如同前面引述的曰 本專利申請案早期公開第 H09-33 1 666號（美國專利 583 1 356號）及日本專利申請案早期公開第H10-229670 號中所提出的技術一樣，係藉由使供電至線圈上所產生之 磁通量直接作用在磁鐵上而使步進馬達能產生高輸出，並 且在尺寸上做極端的縮減。因此此馬達的直徑不需要比能 供定子的磁極與磁鐵之直徑相面對者更大，而此步進馬達 的長度也不需要比磁鐵的長度再加上第一線圈及第二線圈 • 的長度更長。因此之故，此步進馬達的尺寸可以由磁鐵的 直徑及長度來加以決定，且因此此步進馬達可以藉由極端 地縮減磁鐵及線圈的直徑及長度而極端地縮減其尺寸。 極端地縮減磁鐵及線圈的直徑及長度在此可能會使其 不易於維持步進馬達的精確度，但步進馬達的此精確度問 題可以透過將馬達形成爲中空圓柱形狀，並將第一定子及 第二定子的磁極部位及內磁極部位分別配置成與此形成爲 中空圓柱形狀之磁鐵的外側周邊表面及內側周邊表面相對 的簡單構造而克服之。再者，如前所述，成本可以減低， -19- (17) 1278164 而輸出可以增加。 <第二實施例> 第5圖是本發明第二實施例之步進馬達的剖面圖。與 第一實施例中相同的構成元件會分別以相同的參考編號加 以標示，而他們的說明也將省略。 在第5圖中，參考編號15代表一第一線軸，第一線 φ 圈2捲繞於其上。此第一線軸1 5係由非磁性非導電性材 料製成’用以防阻第一線圈2及第一定子8之間在電性上 不利的連續性。此第一線軸1 5是固定在第一定子8上， 並以一孔1 5 A旋轉地支撐著旋轉軸1 〇，而具有類似於前 述第一實施例中之第一軸承1 2的功能。參考編號1 6代表 第二線軸，第二線圈3捲繞於其上。此第二線軸1 6同樣 是由非磁性非導電性材料製成，用以防阻第二線圈3及第 二定子9之間在電性上不利的連續性。此第二線軸丨6是 # 固定在第二定子9上，並以一孔16A旋轉地支撐著旋轉軸 1〇，而具有類似於前述第一實施例中之第二軸承13的功 m ° 在此實施例中，其可以防阻第一線圈2及第一定子8 之間在電性上的不利的連續性，且同時可以防止第一定子 8所產生的吸引力，且旋轉軸1 〇係構造成單一構件，亦即 是第一線軸1 5，而可得到一種可以易於組裝、減低成本及 穩定運轉的結構。相同的，也可以防阻第二線圈3及第二 定子9之間在電性上的不利的連續性，且同時可以防止第 •20- (18) 1278164 二定子9所產生的吸引力，且旋轉軸1 〇係構造成單一構 件，亦即是第二線軸1 6，而可得到一種可以易於組裝、減 低成本及穩定運轉的結構。 在本文中所描述的本發明第一及第二實施例中，輸出 軸1〇中與第一外磁極部位8Α、8Β、8C、及8D相對而而 固定至磁鐵環1之內側表面上的是內磁極部位1 〇 A，當第 一線圈2所產生的磁通量通過與磁鐵環1外側周邊表面相 φ 對的第一外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、及8D與旋轉軸10中 固定至磁鐵環1內側表面上的內磁極部位1 0 A時，他們可 以有效地作用在磁鐵環1上。由於這在旋轉軸1 0中與磁 鐵環1之內側周邊表面相對的內磁極部位1 0 A與磁鐵環1 的內側周邊表面之間並不需要有空間存在，外磁極部位 8A、8B、8C、及8D與內磁極部位10A間的距離可以小於 前述日本專利申請案早期公開第H09-33 1 666號（美國專 利 583 1 356號）及日本專利申請案早期公開第 H10-# 229670號中所描述的結構，其結果可以減低磁阻及增加輸 出。 當第二線圈2所產生的磁通量通過與磁鐵環1外側周 邊表面相對的第二外磁極部位9A、9B、9C、及9D與旋轉 軸1 〇中固定至磁鐵環1內側表面上的內磁極部位1 〇 A時 ，他們可以有效地作用在磁鐵環1上。由於這在旋轉軸1 〇 中與磁鐵環1之內側表面相對的內磁極部位1 0 A與磁鐵環 1的內側表面之間並不需要有空間存在，第二外磁極部位 9A、9B、9C、及9D與內磁極部位10A間的距離可以小於 -21 - (19) 1278164 前述日本專利申請案早期公開第H09-33 1 666號（美 利 583 1 356號）及日本專利申請案早期公開第 229 670號中所描述的結構，其結果可以減低磁阻及增 出。 同樣的，由於內磁極部位10A是構造成單一的旋 1 0，因此其將可以比將外磁極部位及內磁極部位加以 起來，或者是如同前述日本專利申請案早期公開第 φ 33 1 666號（美國專利5 83 1 3 5 6號）及曰本專利申請案 公開第H 10-229670號一樣將其等製造成一體來得更 製造且更便宜。 再者，由於旋轉軸1 〇是固定至磁鐵環1的內部 此該環將能更強固而優異。 因此，此馬達可以由較少數量而較易製造的構成 加以製做。此外，由於內磁極部位1 0 A可以更強固， 可以更有效地利用外磁極部位8A、8B、8C、8D、9A # 、9C及9D，以及磁鐵環1，而馬達的輸出也可以增 再者，由於其僅需要控制磁鐵環1之外側部位與外磁 位 8A、8B、8C、8D、9A、9B、9C 及 9D 間的間隙， 助於組裝。另外，可以增強磁鐵環1的機械強度，並 於旋轉軸10可以做爲背墊金屬，因此磁鐵不易於產 性退化。 再者，由於第一線圈2及第二線圈3在直徑上是 上等於磁鐵環1，並且係配置成能將磁鐵環1在軸向 上固定在其等之間，因此步進馬達的外徑可以減小。 國專 H10- 加輸 轉軸 連接 H09- 早期 容易 ，因 元件 因此 、9B 加。 極部 可有 且由 生磁 大致 方向 -22- (20) 1278164 磁鐵環之磁極的數量係以4xn來表示之，第一定子的 齒狀外磁極部位係設置在等分爲η等份的角位置處，第二 定子的齒狀外磁極部位是設置在等分爲η等份的角位置處 ，且第一外磁極部位及第二外磁極部位係配置成使其等相 對於磁鐵之外側周邊表面的位置是偏錯開（135/η )度， 且係相對於磁鐵環的軸向方向至少部份地互相重合。因此 ，就此種配置與習用結構（日本專利申請案早期公開第 φ Η09-331666號（美國專利5831356號））相比較下，其 中該習用結構中，磁鐵之磁極數爲4xri，而第一外磁極的 數量爲2χη，故相面對的長度是（Α1-Τ1) /2，其中Α1是 磁鐵環1的長度，因此相面對的總長度是nx ( A 1-Τ1 )， 而根據本發明，總長度會較大，亦即是nxAl。這可使得 此馬達可以更有效地利用磁鐵來增加其輸出。由於在此情 形中，第一定子及第二定子的外磁極部位可以分開來製做 ，因此可以防止串音，進而確保步進馬達的穩定運作。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是本發明第一實施例之步進馬達的分解外觀圖 〇 第2圖是第1圖中所示之步進馬達在完全組裝好狀態 下的剖面圖。 第3圖是第2圖中所示之步進馬達沿著垂直於轉子軸 之方向觀看的剖面圖。 第4A圖、第4B圖、第4C圖、第4D圖顯示出本發 -23- (21) 1278164 曰月第一實施例之步進 第5圖是本發明 第6圖是習用之 第7圖是第6圈 下的剖面圖。 【主要元件之符號說 1 :磁鐵環 1 A :磁化部位 1 B :磁化部位 1 C :磁化部位 1 D :磁化部位 1 E :磁化部位 1 F :磁化部位 1 G :磁化部位 I Η :磁化部位 II :磁化部位 1 J :磁化部位 1 Κ :磁化部位 1 L :磁化部位 1 Μ :磁化部位 1 Ν :磁化部位 1 Ρ :磁化部位 1 Q :磁化部位 馬達的轉子的旋轉運作情形。 第二實施例之步進馬達的剖面圖。 步進馬達的分解外觀圖。 丨中所示之步進馬達在完全組裝好狀態 明】 -24- (22) 1278164 2 :第一線圈 3 :第二線圈 8 :第一定子 8A :第一外磁極部位 8B :第一外磁極部位 8C :第一外磁極部位 8D :第一外磁極部位In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical magnet ring for constituting a rotor. The outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1 constituting the rotor is equally divided into 4xri portions along the peripheral direction (η is an integer; in this embodiment, η = 4, that is, the surface is divided into 16 pieces) Partially, a plurality of magnetized portions 1A, 1Β, 1 C • , ID, IE, IF, 1G, 1H, II, 1J, IK, 1L, 1M, IN, IP which are alternately magnetized into a drain and an S pole are formed. And 1 Q. The outer periphery of the magnetized portions 1 A, 1 C, 1 E, 1 G, 11, 1 K, 1 M and 1 P is the S pole, and the magnetized portions 1B, 1D, 1F, 1H, 1J, 1 L, 1N and 1 The outer periphery of Q is the N pole. The magnet ring 1 is constructed as an injection molded plastic magnet which can be easily made into a small and thin shape. It does not rupture even if it is assembled by press fitting. Reference No. 2 represents a cylindrical first coil, and reference numeral 3 is a cylindrical second coil. The center portions of the two coils coincide with the center portion # of the magnet ring 1, and the two coils are arranged side by side in the axial direction to sandwich the magnet ring 1 therebetween. The outer diameters of these first and second coils 2 and 3 are substantially equal to the outer diameter of the magnet ring 1. Reference numeral 8 represents the first stator, and reference numeral 9 is the second stator. Both of these are made of soft magnetic materials, each having a cylindrical outer tube. The first stator 8 has tooth-shaped first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D facing the outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1 with a predetermined gap therebetween. The first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D are formed by recessing the edges of the outer tubular portion of the cylindrical first stator 8 into a plurality of portions by recesses (7) 1278164, each of which is formed. The magnetic poles which partially form a tooth shape extend from the bottom of the magnet ring 1 in the axial direction. These first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D are offset by 360 degrees/n degrees, that is, each is shifted by 90 degrees. The second stator 9 also has tooth-shaped second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D facing the outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1 with a predetermined gap therebetween. The second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D are formed by recessing the edge of the outer tubular portion of the cylindrical second stator 9 into a plurality of portions, each of which is formed. A toothed pole extends from the other side of the magnet ring 1 different from the bottom of the bottom associated with the first stator 8 in the axial direction. These second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D are also offset by 360/n degrees, that is, each is shifted by 90 degrees. Each of the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the stator 8 and each of the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9 are formed by a recessed portion and a parallel The tooth portion extending in the direction of the shaft is formed. Such a structure can form a magnetic pole portion while minimizing the diameter of the stepping motor. If the outer magnetic pole portions are formed by the inner concave portion and the outer convex portion extending in the radial direction, the diameter of the motor must be increased accordingly, and the structure of the magnetic pole portion used in the embodiment includes the concave portion. The portion and the teeth along the direction parallel to the axis can help minimize the diameter of the motor. The first stator 8 is excited by the first coil 2, and the second stator 9 is excited by the second coil 3. The first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8 and the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9 are identical in shape. And configured such that the ends of the two sets of the toothed magnetic pole portions are opposite to each other, and coincide with each other at a position on the outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring in a direction parallel to the axis of the magnet ring. The first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D and the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9 face the magnet ring in the entire length of the magnet ring 1 in the axial direction. The outer peripheral surface of 1. 0 This magnet ring 1 has a length represented here by A1, and the conventional structure of the magnetic pole of the magnet is 4 χ n compared with the conventional structure (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-3 3 16 6 6). The number of the first outer magnetic poles in the middle is 2χη, and the facing length is (Α1-Τ1) /2, so the total length facing each other is η X (A 1 - Τ 1 ), and the opposite surface according to the present invention The total length is η X Α1, which is longer than the average. This means that the motor according to the present invention can utilize the magnet more efficiently. The first stator 8 and the second stator 9 are arranged such that their respective toothed magnetic poles φ have a phase shift of (135/η) degrees, that is, 33·75 degrees (η = 4). This angle is indicated by C in Figure 3. The angular range of each of the toothed magnetic pole portions facing the first stator 8 and the second stator 9 and the magnet ring (indicated by D in FIG. 3) is 360/(4χη) per tooth, that is, 22.5 degrees. , or smaller. Since the tooth system for constituting the magnetic pole portion other than the first stator 8 and the tooth center to the magnetic pole portion for constituting the second stator 9 are offset by 33.7 degrees, the first outer portion of the first stator 8 The magnetic pole portions 8Α, 8Β, 8C, and 8D are identical in shape to the second outer magnetic pole portions 9Α, 9Β, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9, and even the -11 - (9) 1278164 two sets of teeth The ends of the magnetic pole portions are opposed to each other and are disposed to coincide with each other at a position on the outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring in a direction parallel to the axis of the magnet ring, and they are still separated from each other. Therefore, for a reason, a crosstalk phenomenon does not occur between the first outer magnetic pole portions and the second outer magnetic pole portions, so that there is no case where the rotation accuracy and the rotational output are lowered. Reference numeral 1 〇 represents a rotating shaft, which is composed of a soft magnetic material Φ, and this shaft is fixed inside the magnet ring 1. In the rotating shaft 10, the magnet ring 1 is located in a range in which the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8 face the axial direction of the magnet ring 1. Wherein, an inner magnetic pole portion 10 A having an outer diameter D1 is provided. Since the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D are also disposed in a direction parallel to the axis of the magnet ring with the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8. Since the phases coincide, the inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇A is also opposed to the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D. 0 The portion 10C of the rotating shaft 10 is inserted inside the first coil 2, and the inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇A is located at the first outer magnetic pole portion 8 A, 8 B, 8 C, and 8 of the first stator 8 The portion of the relative angular range of D may be excited by the first coil 2 to be magnetic opposite to the magnetic properties of the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8. The cross-sectional shape of the rotating shaft 1 方向 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇 A is circular as shown in Fig. 3. The portion 1 0D of the rotary shaft 1 插 is inserted inside the second coil 3, and the inner magnetic pole portion 10A is located at the middle of the second outer magnetic pole portions 9 A, 9 B, 9 C, and 9 D of the second stator 9 The portion of the angular range can be excited by the second line -12-(10) 1278164 lap 3 to be magnetically opposite to the magnetic properties of the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9. The magnet ring 1 is fixed to the rotating shaft 10 by the inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇 A. Since the inside of the magnet ring is placed in the inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇A, the mechanical strength of the magnet can be increased, and the inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇A is used as the backing metal, and the result is that even if the magnet is applied in a high temperature environment In the middle, the magnetic permeability of the magnetic circuit can also be quite high, and the magnetic degradation due to demagnetization can also be reduced. The first stator 8 and the second stator 9 are cup-shaped and can be manufactured in a simple shape in which the outer tube portion is recessed, which contributes to the simplification of manufacture and assembly. Reference numeral 1 2 denotes a first bearing made of a non-magnetic material which is fixed to the first stator 8 and rotatably supports a portion 10E of the rotating shaft 1 。. Reference numeral 1 3 denotes a second bearing which is also made of a non-magnetic material which is fixed to the second stator 9 and which rotatably supports the portion 10F of the rotary shaft 10. Since both the first bearing 12 and the second bearing 13 are made of a non-magnetic material, they can prevent the attraction force caused by the magnetic force generated between the first stator 8 and the rotating shaft 10, and the second The attractive force caused by the magnetic force generated between the stator 9 and the rotating shaft 10 contributes to the improvement of the performance and durability of the rotation. The first bearing 12 and the second bearing 13 may also be made of a soft magnetic material. In this case, since the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit is reduced, the generated torque is increased. Of course, between the first bearing 12 and the rotating shaft 10, or between the second bearing 13 and the rotating shaft 10, an attractive force is generated, and the friction caused by the frictional force may cause torque loss or for the sliding surface. Durability has an adverse effect of -13- (11) 1278164. However, the torque loss or the adverse effect on the durability of the sliding surface due to the friction of the sliding surface can still be applied to the surface of the first bearing 12, the rotating shaft 10 and the second bearing 13 by applying a lubricant thereon. (Fluorine, graphite or molybdenum disulfide-based) lubricating paint or lubricious coating (such as electroless nickel plating containing Teflon particles or Teflon-lubricated electroless nickel plating) to prevent the output of the motor Torque can still increase. The first bearing 12 is disposed between the outer tube portion of the first stator 8 and the rotating shaft φ 10 , and is located adjacent to a portion where the first bearing 12 is connected, and the magnet ring 1 One of the side ends is fixed between the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8 and the inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇A of the rotary shaft 10. Similarly, the second bearing 13 is disposed between the outer tube portion of the second stator 9 and the rotating shaft 10, and is located adjacent to the portion where the second bearing 13 is connected, and the magnet ring The other end of 1 is fixed between the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9 and the inner magnetic pole portion 10A of the rotary shaft 10. Therefore, the junction structure is such that the outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D face the outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1, and the inner magnetic pole portion 10 A is located at the magnet ring 1. The inner peripheral surface faces the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D, and the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D also face the inner magnetic pole portion 10A. Reference numeral 14 denotes a cylindrical connecting ring in which grooves 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 14F, 14G and 14H are formed. The grooves 14A, 14C, 14E and 14G are offset from each other by 36 0/n degrees, that is, 90 degrees, and the grooves 14B, 14D, 14F and 14H are also mutually offset in the phase of -14-(12) 1278164. Staggered 3 6 Ο / η degrees, which is 90 degrees. The first outer magnetic pole portions 8 A, 8 Β, 8 C, and 8 D of the first stator 8 are inserted into the grooves 14A, MC, ME, and 14G, and are fixed therein by an adhesive or the like. The second outer magnetic pole portions 9, 98, 9 (:, and 90 of the second stator 9 are inserted into the grooves 148, 140, 14 and 14H, and are fixed therein by an adhesive or the like. The grooves 14A, 14C, 14E, and 14G are offset from the grooves 14B, 14D, 14F, and 14H by 135/n degrees on the phase φ, that is, 3 3.75. As described above, this makes the first set. The toothed outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the sub- 8 and the tooth-shaped outer magnetic pole portions 9 A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9 have a phase of 135/n degrees, that is, 33.75°. The first stator 8 and the second stator 9 are fixed to the connecting ring 14 by the above-mentioned manner, and the first stator 8 and the second stator 9 can be disposed at a desired position and phase. Furthermore, the connecting ring 14 is made of a non-magnetic material, and the magnetic circuit between the first stator 8 and the second stator 9 can be cut off #, so that their respective magnetic poles are not In this embodiment of the present invention, since the inner portion of the magnet ring 1 is placed in the inner magnetic pole portion 10A of the rotary shaft 10, the magnet is superior in mechanical strength to the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09 cited above. -3 3 666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,831,356) and the corresponding part of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10- 229 670. Further, since the rotating shaft 1 is a so-called back The pad metal 'is reduced the magnetic resistance between the S pole and the drain formed inside the magnet, so even if the magnet is used in a high temperature environment, the magnetic permeability of the magnetic circuit can be set to be relatively high, and due to demagnetization The magnetic degradation of -15-(13) 1278164 can also be reduced. The first stator 8 and the second stator 9 are cup-shaped and can be manufactured in a simple shape in which the outer tube portion is concave, which contributes to the ease of manufacture. The Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 1 666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,813,035) or the Japanese Patent Application, First Publication No. H10-, is incorporated herein by reference. Structure of 229670, it must The internal magnetic pole portion of the first stator or the second stator and the outer magnetic pole portion φ are integrally formed, which means that it is necessary to make the inner magnetic pole portion and the outer magnetic pole portion have the same element in manufacturing. For example, for example. They say that they are more expensive in the cost of metal injection molding, or that combined stamping is more difficult than making the outer magnetic pole parts because the size of the parts is reduced. Individually making the inner magnetic pole part and the outer magnetic pole part, and then quilting Fixing them together, welding or sticking, is accompanied by additional costs. Therefore, each of the conventional motors disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 1 666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,831,356) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-229670 a coil, a magnet ring, an output shaft and a first stator (including two parts, one of which is an outer magnetic pole portion and the other is an inner magnetic pole portion) and a second stator (including two parts, One is the outer magnetic pole portion and the other is the inner magnetic pole portion), and one connecting ring is a total of nine parts, and in this embodiment, only seven parts are needed, including two coils, one magnet ring, and one Corresponding to the rotating shaft of the output shaft, a first stator (a portion constituting an outer magnetic pole portion), a second stator (a portion constituting an outer magnetic pole portion), and a connecting ring, and thus are less expensive, and It is easier to manufacture. -16- (14) 1278164 Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 No. 1 666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,813,035) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-229670 The motor must have the inner magnetic pole portion disposed opposite the inner portion of the magnet with a predetermined gap therebetween, and the magnet must additionally maintain a precise gap between the outer portion of the magnet and the outer magnetic pole portion during assembly. This means that there is a high risk in ensuring that the gap is changed due to the accuracy of the part or the poor assembly accuracy, which causes φ to cause the inner magnetic pole portion to come into contact with the magnet, but in this embodiment only the outer portion of the magnet needs to be processed. This can help to simplify assembly. The first inner magnetic pole portion and the second inner magnetic pole portion in this embodiment are composed of a single component, and there are fewer human errors, and thus it is more correct to provide those parts that are composed of individual parts. Stepper motor. Further, according to the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 1666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,813,356), and the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-229670, the inner magnetic pole portion must be constructed as follows. It does not come into contact with the part connecting the magnet and the output shaft, and such a requirement makes it impossible to apply a sufficient length (L1 in Fig. 7) in which the inner magnetic pole portion and the magnet face each other in the axial direction. Fixed, and in this embodiment, as indicated by L2 in Fig. 2, a sufficient length of the inner magnetic pole portion and the magnet facing each other in the axial direction can be easily fixed, which makes it possible to use more effectively. The outer magnetic pole portion and the magnet can increase the output of the motor. Further, this magnet ring 1 having a length here denoted by A1 and a conventional structure (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-3 3 1 666 ( -17- (15) 1278164 US Pat. No. 583 1 3 56) In comparison, the number of the first outer magnetic poles in the conventional structure in which the total number of magnetic poles is 4xn is 2 X η, and the facing length is (Α1-Τ1) /2, so the total length facing each other is ηχ (AbTl And the total length facing each other according to the present invention is nxAl, which is longer than the conventional one. This means that the motor according to the present invention can utilize the magnet more efficiently to increase its output. The rotational drive of this stepping motor will now be described in conjunction with the 4A to 4D drawings along the line A-A section of Fig. 2. 4A shows that the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are energized to excite the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8 into N poles, and the second stator 9 is energized. The two outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D are excited to the S pole state. In the magnet 1, 1A, 1C, 1E, 1G, II, IK, 1M, and 1P are S poles, and IB, ID, IF, 1H, 11, 11^, 11^, and 1 (3 is 1^ pole. The first coil 2 and the second coil #3 in the state shown in FIG. 4A are supplied with power to excite the outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8 into N poles, and The outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the two stators 9 are excited to the N pole, and the magnet ring 1 as the rotor will turn counterclockwise by 11.25 degrees and enter the state shown in Fig. 4B. Next, when The power supply direction of the first coil 2 is reversed to excite the outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D of the first stator 8 into the S pole, and the magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9 are When the magnet is magnetized to the N pole, the magnet ring 1 as the rotor is rotated counterclockwise by 11.25 degrees to enter the state shown in Fig. 4C. Then, when the power supply direction of the second coil 3 is reversed, (16) 1278164 first The outer magnetic pole portions 8, 86, 8 (:, and 80 of the stator 8 are excited to 5 poles, and the magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D of the second stator 9 are excited to the S pole, and then function as a rotor. Magnet ring 1 will go against the clock Rotating 11.25 degrees to enter the state shown in Fig. 4D. Thereafter, by continuously reversing the power supply directions of the first coil 2 and the second coil 3, the magnet ring 1 as a rotor is rotated forward to At a position where the phases of the power supply are matched. φ The present invention is in the first embodiment as described above, as in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 1 666 (U.S. Patent No. 583 1 356) The technique proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-229670, the stepping motor can produce a high output by directly applying a magnetic flux generated on the coil to the magnet, and is made in size. Extremely reduced. Therefore, the diameter of the motor does not need to be larger than the diameter of the magnet and the diameter of the magnet, and the length of the stepping motor does not need to be longer than the length of the magnet plus the first coil and the first The length of the second coil is longer. Therefore, the size of the stepping motor can be determined by the diameter and length of the magnet, and therefore the stepping motor can reduce the diameter of the magnet and the coil extremely Extremely reducing the size of the magnet. Extremely reducing the diameter and length of the magnet and coil may make it difficult to maintain the accuracy of the stepper motor, but this accuracy of the stepper motor can be made hollow by the motor. The cylindrical shape and the magnetic pole portion and the inner magnetic pole portion of the first stator and the second stator are respectively arranged to be opposed to a simple structure in which the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the magnet formed into a hollow cylindrical shape are opposed to each other. As mentioned earlier, the cost can be reduced, -19- (17) 1278164 and the output can be increased. <Second Embodiment> Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a stepping motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The same constituent elements as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, respectively, and their description will be omitted. In Fig. 5, reference numeral 15 denotes a first bobbin on which the first line φ circle 2 is wound. The first bobbin 15 is made of a non-magnetic non-conductive material to prevent electrical continuity between the first coil 2 and the first stator 8 from being unfavorable. The first bobbin 15 is fixed to the first stator 8 and rotatably supports the rotating shaft 1 以 with a hole 15 5 A, and has a first bearing 12 similar to that of the foregoing first embodiment. Features. Reference numeral 1 6 represents a second bobbin on which the second coil 3 is wound. The second bobbin 16 is also made of a non-magnetic non-conductive material to prevent electrical continuity between the second coil 3 and the second stator 9. The second bobbin 丨6 is fixed to the second stator 9 and rotatably supports the rotating shaft 1〇 with a hole 16A, and has a work m° similar to that of the second bearing 13 of the foregoing first embodiment. In this embodiment, it can prevent the electrical continuity between the first coil 2 and the first stator 8 from being unfavorable, and at the same time can prevent the attraction force generated by the first stator 8, and the rotating shaft 1 The lanthanide system is constructed as a single member, that is, the first bobbin 15 , and a structure that can be easily assembled, reduced in cost, and stably operated can be obtained. In the same way, it is also possible to prevent the electrical continuity between the second coil 3 and the second stator 9 from being unfavorable, and at the same time prevent the attractive force generated by the second 20th (18) 1278164 two stators 9, and The rotating shaft 1 is configured as a single member, that is, the second bobbin 16, and a structure that can be easily assembled, reduced in cost, and stably operated can be obtained. In the first and second embodiments of the present invention described herein, the output shaft 1 相对 is fixed to the inner side surface of the magnet ring 1 opposite to the first outer magnetic pole portions 8 Α, 8 Β, 8C, and 8D. The inner magnetic pole portion 1 〇A, the magnetic flux generated by the first coil 2 is fixed to the magnet ring through the first outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D which are opposite to the outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1, and the rotating shaft 10 When the inner magnetic pole portion on the inner side surface is 10 A, they can effectively act on the magnet ring 1. Since there is no space between the inner magnetic pole portion 10A opposed to the inner peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1 in the rotating shaft 10, the outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, And the distance between the 8D and the inner magnetic pole portion 10A can be smaller than that described in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 1 666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,831,356), and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-# 229670 The structure can reduce the reluctance and increase the output. When the magnetic flux generated by the second coil 2 is fixed to the inner magnetic pole portion on the inner side surface of the magnet ring 1 through the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the magnet ring 1, and the rotating shaft 1 〇 When 1 〇A, they can effectively act on the magnet ring 1. Since there is no space between the inner magnetic pole portion 10A opposed to the inner side surface of the magnet ring 1 and the inner side surface of the magnet ring 1 in the rotating shaft 1 ,, the second outer magnetic pole portions 9A, 9B, 9C, And the distance between the 9D and the inner magnetic pole portion 10A may be smaller than -21 - (19) 1278164, the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H09-33 1 666 (Med. 583 1 356) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 229 The structure described in No. 670, the result of which can reduce the magnetic resistance and increase. Similarly, since the inner magnetic pole portion 10A is configured as a single turn 10, it may be added to the outer magnetic pole portion and the inner magnetic pole portion, or as disclosed in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. φ 33 1 666 ( U.S. Pat. Furthermore, since the rotating shaft 1 〇 is fixed to the inside of the magnet ring 1, the ring can be made stronger and superior. Therefore, the motor can be made of a smaller number of components that are easier to manufacture. In addition, since the inner magnetic pole portion 10 A can be stronger, the outer magnetic pole portions 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 9A #, 9C, and 9D, and the magnet ring 1 can be utilized more effectively, and the output of the motor can be increased. Since it only needs to control the gap between the outer side portion of the magnet ring 1 and the outer magnetic positions 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D, it facilitates assembly. Further, the mechanical strength of the magnet ring 1 can be enhanced, and the rotating shaft 10 can be used as a backing metal, so that the magnet is not easily deteriorated in productivity. Furthermore, since the first coil 2 and the second coil 3 are diametrically equal to the magnet ring 1 and are configured to be able to fix the magnet ring 1 in the axial direction therebetween, the outer diameter of the stepping motor can be Reduced. National H10-plus-transmission shaft connection H09- early is easy, because the component is therefore 9B plus. The number of poles of the magnet ring can be represented by 4xn, and the number of magnetic poles of the first stator is set to be equally divided into η equal parts. At an angular position, the toothed outer magnetic pole portion of the second stator is disposed at an angular position equally divided into η equal parts, and the first outer magnetic pole portion and the second outer magnetic pole portion are disposed such that they are opposite to the outer side of the magnet The position of the peripheral surface is offset (135/η) degrees and at least partially coincides with each other with respect to the axial direction of the magnet ring. Therefore, in comparison with the conventional structure (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. φ 09-331666 (U.S. Patent No. 5,831,356)), in the conventional structure, the number of magnetic poles of the magnet is 4xri, and the first outer magnetic pole The number is 2χη, so the facing length is (Α1-Τ1) /2, where Α1 is the length of the magnet ring 1, so the total length facing each other is nx (A 1-Τ1), and according to the present invention, The total length will be larger, which is nxAl. This allows the motor to more efficiently utilize the magnet to increase its output. Since the outer magnetic pole portions of the first stator and the second stator can be separately manufactured in this case, crosstalk can be prevented, thereby ensuring stable operation of the stepping motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a stepping motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the stepping motor shown in Fig. 1 in a fully assembled state. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stepping motor shown in Fig. 2 as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the rotor axis. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D show the step of the first embodiment of the present invention -23-(21) 1278164. Figure 5 is a sixth diagram of the present invention. It is a sectional view at the 6th lap. [Signature of main components 1: Magnet ring 1 A : Magnetized part 1 B : Magnetized part 1 C : Magnetized part 1 D : Magnetized part 1 E : Magnetized part 1 F : Magnetized part 1 G : Magnetized part I Η : Magnetized part II : Magnetized portion 1 J : Magnetized portion 1 Κ : Magnetized portion 1 L : Magnetized portion 1 Μ : Magnetized portion 1 Ν : Magnetized portion 1 Ρ : Magnetized portion 1 Q : Rotation operation of the rotor of the magnetized portion motor. A cross-sectional view of the stepping motor of the second embodiment. Decomposed appearance of the stepper motor. The stepping motor shown in 丨 is fully assembled. -24- (22) 1278164 2 : First coil 3: Second coil 8: First stator 8A: First outer magnetic pole portion 8B: first outer Magnetic pole portion 8C: first outer magnetic pole portion 8D: first outer magnetic pole portion
9 :第二定子 9 A :第二外磁極部位 9B :第二外磁極部位 9C :第二外磁極部位 9D :第二外磁極部位 10 :旋轉軸 10A :內磁極部位 10C :部位 10D :部位 10E :部位 10F :部位 12 :第一軸承 13 :第二軸承 14 :連接環 1 4 A :溝槽 14B :溝槽 14C :溝槽 (23) 12781649: second stator 9 A: second outer magnetic pole portion 9B: second outer magnetic pole portion 9C: second outer magnetic pole portion 9D: second outer magnetic pole portion 10: rotating shaft 10A: inner magnetic pole portion 10C: portion 10D: portion 10E : Part 10F : Part 12 : First bearing 13 : Second bearing 14 : Connecting ring 1 4 A : Groove 14B : Groove 14C : Groove (23) 1278164
14D :溝槽 1 4 E :溝槽 1 4 F :溝槽 14G :溝槽 14H :溝槽 1 5 :第一線軸 15A :孑L 1 6 :第二線軸 1 6 A :孔 2 0 1 :轉子 202 :第一線圈 203 :第二線圈 204 :第一定子 204A :第一外磁極部位 204B :第一外磁極部位 204C :第一內磁極部位 2 04D :第一內磁極部位 205 :第二定子 205A :第二外磁極部位 205B :第二外磁極部位 205C :第二內磁極部位 205D :第二內磁極部位 206 :輸出軸 207 :連接環14D: groove 1 4 E: groove 1 4 F: groove 14G: groove 14H: groove 1 5 : first bobbin 15A: 孑L 1 6 : second bobbin 1 6 A : hole 2 0 1 : Rotor 202: first coil 203: second coil 204: first stator 204A: first outer magnetic pole portion 204B: first outer magnetic pole portion 204C: first inner magnetic pole portion 2 04D: first inner magnetic pole portion 205: second Stator 205A: second outer magnetic pole portion 205B: second outer magnetic pole portion 205C: second inner magnetic pole portion 205D: second inner magnetic pole portion 206: output shaft 207: connecting ring