1275696 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種刀具夾持裝置，其具有一個刀具夾持 器’該刀具夾持器的一夾持部分具有一個刀具接收部，用 於接收一個可更換地裝在裡內的刀具。該刀具接收部爲孔 狀的，並具有一刀具插入孔，刀具夾持器具有一固定側， 該固定側有一固定部分，刀具夾持器還有一與所述固定側 相反的外側，在使用刀具時，離心力的左右方向從固定側 ®向外側。 【先前技術】 這樣的裝置在DE 43 22 40 1 C2中予以公開。這種刀具夾 持裝置例如可用於鑽路機、土壤穩定器（bodenstabilisierrer) 、採礦機械等。 這種刀具夾持器通常通過其底部裝在一鑽輥的表面上 。刀具夾持裝置用於可更換地將一刀具接收在一接收部內 。刀具留有間隙地裝在接收部中，通常借助於一卡緊套筒 W保持。這樣，刀具就可不脫落地裝在接收部中，然而又可 繞一縱向中軸自由旋轉。在使用刀具過程中，刀具的尖端 加工被加工的表面，例如路面。將表面材料破碎，這些材 料包括團塊和細顆粒，它們從鑽輥中排出。細小的顆粒會 進入刀具接收部，它們卡在裡面，妨礙了刀具的自由旋轉 性能，有時會完全卡住了刀具。由於旋轉性能的降低導致 刀具磨損，如果不能及時發現這種情況，還會使刀具夾持 器損壞，這就要求有昂貴的更換手段。 1275696 此外，還發現這樣的缺點，β卩’卡在刀具接收部中的 細小顆粒材料妨礙了爲更換而將刀具從刀具接收部中卸下 〇 【發明內容】 本發明的任務是創造一種開頭所述的刀具夾持裝置， 其中刀具的設置防止了廢石料卡入刀具接收部。 這一任務是這樣完成的，即，夾持部分具有一豁口， 其將刀具接收部的內壁豁開’使其與外界空間連通，該豁 Φ 口使刀具接收部朝向外部敞開。 卡入刀具接收部區域的廢石料被旋轉的刀具沿刀具縱 軸朝背離刀具體的方向輸送。這樣，就周期性地與刀具接 觸，形成了一種’’泵送功能’’。按照本發明，刀具夾持器在 刀具接收部區域內有一個豁口。該豁口位於離心力一側。 當廢石料進入刀具接收部時，其到達豁口的區域，並可重 新回到環境中。通過這種方式就可保持住刀具的自由旋轉 性。 # 按照本發明的一種可能的變異形式規定，刀具接收部 爲通孔，並在刀具插入孔相對一側具有一個排出孔，所述 豁口在排出孔的區域內使刀具接收部與外界敞通，其從排 出口開始，沿刀具插入孔的方向延伸。這樣，使用者就很 容易接近刀具接收部’從而可以迅速而又簡便地安裝刀具 按照本發明的一種較佳的事實形式規定，刀具的刀具 桿插入刀具接收部’所述豁口至少在刀具接收部的對應於 1275696 桿端的區域內形成。在這種事實形式中，利用了這樣的一 種認識，即’卡住的廢石料沿刀具桿方向朝向刀具桿的自 由端輸送。由於豁口設置在刀具桿端的區域內，所以’在 此積聚起來的廢石料很容易到達環境中。這裡，豁口可以 與刀具桿緊臨地設置，也可以接在刀具桿後面，或者局部 與刀具桿重疊。 如果豁口爲具有兩個相互平行地在刀具接收部的縱軸 方向上延伸的限界面的掏槽，限界面之間的距離小於或等 #於刀具接收部的孔徑，或者兩限界面彼此呈角度，該角度 小於1 8 0 °，則所述豁口很容易加工。如果規定，豁口去除 了刀具接收部的內壁的一部分，該部分小於孔狀刀具接收 部的圓周的1 8 0 °，則刀具接收部對插入的刀具桿的支撐功 能的損壞很小。 在使安裝刀具接近刀具接收部方面可以以如下的方式 進一步加以改進，將刀具夾持器固定在一基座上，該基座 具有一凹入部分，其中形成安裝刀具接近刀具接收部的通 •道，該凹入部分過渡到所述豁口中。 按照本發明的刀具夾持裝置可以以如下的方式實施， 即’刀具夾持器至少設置一個液體噴射裝置，液體經所述 豁□噴入刀具接收部。這樣，液體就將積聚在刀具接收部 中的廢石料沖鬆，使其很容易從豁口中清除。 如果使液體噴射裝置將液體射束噴射到刀具桿的自由 端，則上述效果特別有效。 1275696 【實施方式】 第1圖示出一刀具夾持裝置，其具有一基座4〇。 座可借助於一固定面41 (例如焊接）在鑽輥（未示出）的 的表面上。基座40具有一插座42，一刀具夾持器10 定部分11插入該插座內。固定部分11具有一凹入 凹入帶有一壓力面13.1。一加壓螺栓46對該壓力面 加壓，該加壓螺栓旋入基座4 0的內螺紋中。螺栓4 6 一個刀具通孔4 5，該刀具通孔用來插入一螺絲刀。加 II栓46在壓力面13.1上施加壓力，使固定部分向插座 移動。在此，前側爲棱狀的引導面1 2壓在基座4 0的 形狀的相抵面上。 第2圖和第3圖中詳細地示出了刀具夾持器1 〇的 實施形式。從該兩圖中可以看出，刀具夾持器10具有 固定部分連接著的夾持部分1 5。該夾持部分有一後支 1 4，其在安裝狀態下頂在基座4 0的一相抵面4 3上。 部分1 5具有一圓筒狀的部分1 6，其外表面上以加工 ®方式加工出環形凹入的磨損標記。圓筒狀部分1 6的支 1 8磨損。穿過支撐面1 8，一個刀具接收部20裝在夾 分1 5中。刀具接收部20爲筒狀通孔。其在支撐面1 8 域內形成一刀具插入孔24，在與刀具插入孔相對的一 排出孔2 1。 在夾持部分1 5中加工出一個豁口 2 2。該豁口在 與刀具接收部2 0之間形成空間上的連通。豁口 2 2使 接收部2 0朝向刀具夾持器1 〇的離心力側敞通。這在 該基 彎曲 的固 5，該 13.1 穿過 壓螺 42內 相應 這種 一與 撐面 夾持 槽的 撐面 持部 的區 側爲 外界 刀具 :第1 1275696 圖中可以清楚地看出。刀具夾持器10具有一朝向基座40 的固定側和與此固定側相對的離心力側。 在使用刀具時，鑽輥及其刀具夾持裝置沿第1圖中箭 頭n A π的方向旋轉’形成沿刀具夾持器1 〇的離心力側的方 向上徑向向外的離心力。 從第1圖中還可以看出，在刀具夾持器10的刀具接收 部20中插有一刀具30。刀具30有一圓柱狀的刀具桿31 ，在該桿上一體地形成一刀具體3 2。一磨損保護盤3 5以 ® 公知的方式裝到刀具桿3 1上。該盤爲圓形的，完全蓋住了 刀具夾持器1 0的支撐面1 8。在遠離支撐面1 8的一側，刀 具體3 2同心地支撐在磨損保護盤3 5上。在刀具桿3 1上裝 一縱向帶槽的卡緊套筒34。該套筒具有卡緊部件34.1，其 卡在刀具桿3 1的環槽中，以形成一種旋轉支撐。刀具3 0 在卡緊套筒34中可自由旋轉，而軸向上卻不可脫離。 在切削過程中，細小的廢石料會進入刀具接收部2 0。 它們進入刀具體3 2與磨損保護盤3 5之間的區域以及磨損 β保護盤3 5與刀具夾持器1 0的支撐面1 8之間的區域，通過 此路徑進入刀具接收部2 0，在本例的情況下，進入刀具桿 3 1與卡緊套筒3 4之間的區域。由於旋轉運動及在刀具桿 3 1與卡緊套筒3 4中的微小的軸向間隙，形成了一種泵的 作用，沿刀具桿3 1的自由端的方向輸送廢石料。如果切削 過程採用冷卻介質，例如水，則還會出現黏性的懸浮液。 廢石料在泵所用下沿刀具桿從刀具插入孔向排出孔輸送， 從而沿著離心力方向輸送，一直到刀具桿3 1的自由端，從 1275696 刀具桿3 1與卡緊套筒3 4之間排出。作用在收集的廢石料 上的離心力將這些廢石料從豁口 2 2排出刀具接收部2 0。 這裡特別利用了這樣的機理，即，廢石料在關於輥的 旋轉方向的π陰影M中，即，在刀具3 0及刀具桿3 1的一自 由面的區域內。在通常的鑽輥的一個行程中，這種在旋轉 方向上或者側面的廢石料的排出是不可能的，因爲被鑽品 或者說被加工的表面將路徑堵住。 在第1圖中清楚地示出，豁口 22與卡緊套筒34的自 馨由端有一段重疊，從而與刀具桿3 1有一段重疊。這使得廢 石料可靠地排出。如果豁口 2 2與刀具桿3 1的套筒3 4的自 由端端接或者錯開一段距離，也可以達到這種效果。 豁口 22在空間上與基座40的後側凹入部分44連通。 這樣就形成了一條很大的通向刀具桿3 1的自由端的 通路。這使得安裝工具很容易接觸到刀具桿3 1的可看到的 端部。從而可以使刀具很容易從排出孔4 3進入刀具接收部 20 〇 # 當然，本發明不限於圖示實施例。例如，也可以採用 一種並非套住整個刀具桿3 1的卡緊套筒3 4。這時，廢石 料出現在刀具接收部2 0與刀具桿3 1的內壁之間不重疊的 區域。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖爲一包括刀具、一刀具夾持器和一基座的刀具 夾持裝置的側剖面圖。 第2圖爲第1圖所示的刀具夾持器從後面看去的透視 -10- 1275696 圖 第3圖爲如第2圖所示的刀具夾持器的不同的視圖 主要元件符號說明】1275696 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a tool holding device having a tool holder 'a clamping portion of the tool holder having a tool receiving portion for receiving a A tool that can be replaced in the inside. The tool receiving portion is hole-shaped and has a tool insertion hole, the tool holder has a fixed side, the fixed side has a fixing portion, and the tool holder has an outer side opposite to the fixed side, when the tool is used The left and right direction of the centrifugal force is from the fixed side to the outside. [Prior Art] Such a device is disclosed in DE 43 22 40 1 C2. Such tool holders can be used, for example, for road drills, soil stabilizers, mining machines and the like. Such a tool holder is usually mounted on the surface of a drill roll through its bottom. The tool holding device is for replaceably receiving a tool in a receiving portion. The tool is mounted in the receiving portion with a gap, usually held by means of a clamping sleeve W. In this way, the tool can be mounted in the receiving portion without falling off, but can be freely rotated about a longitudinal center axis. During the use of the tool, the tip of the tool processes the surface being machined, such as the road surface. The surface material is broken and these materials include agglomerates and fine particles which are discharged from the drill roll. The fine particles enter the tool receiving part, they are stuck inside, which hinders the free rotation of the tool and sometimes completely catches the tool. Tool wear due to reduced rotation performance, and if the situation is not discovered in time, the tool holder is damaged, which requires expensive replacement means. 1275696 Furthermore, it has been found that the fine particle material of the β卩' stuck in the tool receiving portion prevents the tool from being removed from the tool receiving portion for replacement. [The present invention] The task of the present invention is to create a beginning The tool holding device described above, wherein the setting of the tool prevents the waste stone from being caught in the tool receiving portion. This task is accomplished in that the grip portion has a slit that opens the inner wall of the cutter receiving portion to communicate with the outside space, which opens the cutter receiving portion toward the outside. The scrap stone that is jammed into the tool receiving section is transported along the tool longitudinal axis in a specific direction away from the knife. Thus, the tool is periodically contacted to form a ''pumping function''. According to the invention, the tool holder has a slit in the area of the tool receiving portion. The gap is located on the side of the centrifugal force. When the waste stone enters the tool receiving section, it reaches the area of the gap and can be returned to the environment. In this way, the free rotation of the tool can be maintained. According to a possible variant of the invention, the tool receiving portion is a through hole and has a discharge opening on the opposite side of the tool insertion opening, the opening opening the tool receiving portion to the outside in the region of the discharge opening, It starts from the discharge port and extends in the direction of the tool insertion hole. In this way, the user can easily access the tool receiving portion 'so that the tool can be quickly and easily installed. According to a preferred form of the invention, the tool bar of the tool is inserted into the tool receiving portion' the opening is at least at the tool receiving portion. Corresponds to the formation of the 1275696 rod end area. In this form of fact, the recognition is made that the 'stuck waste rock material is conveyed in the direction of the tool bar toward the free end of the tool bar. Since the gap is placed in the area of the tool bar end, the waste stone accumulated here is easily accessible to the environment. Here, the notch can be placed next to the tool bar, or it can be attached behind the tool bar or partially overlap the tool bar. If the slit is a groove having two boundary interfaces extending parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the tool receiving portion, the distance between the boundary interfaces is less than or equal to the diameter of the tool receiving portion, or the two interfaces are at an angle to each other. If the angle is less than 180 °, the gap is easy to process. If it is specified that the slit removes a part of the inner wall of the tool receiving portion which is smaller than the temperature of the circumference of the hole-shaped tool receiving portion, the tool receiving portion has little damage to the supporting function of the inserted tool bar. Further improvement can be made in the manner of bringing the mounting tool close to the tool receiving portion in such a manner that the tool holder is fixed to a base having a recessed portion in which the mounting tool is formed to be close to the tool receiving portion. The recessed portion transitions into the gap. The tool holding device according to the present invention can be implemented in such a manner that the tool holder is provided with at least one liquid ejecting device through which the liquid is injected into the tool receiving portion. In this way, the liquid will loosen the waste stone accumulated in the receiving portion of the tool, making it easy to remove from the gap. The above effect is particularly effective if the liquid ejecting apparatus causes the liquid jet to eject the liquid jet to the free end of the cutter bar. 1275696 [Embodiment] Fig. 1 shows a tool holding device having a base 4〇. The seat can be on the surface of a drill roll (not shown) by means of a fixing surface 41 (e.g., welded). The base 40 has a socket 42 into which a tool holder 10 portion 11 is inserted. The fixed portion 11 has a concave recess with a pressure surface 13.1. A pressure bolt 46 pressurizes the pressure surface, and the pressure bolt is screwed into the internal thread of the base 40. Bolt 4 6 A tool through hole 45 for inserting a screwdriver. The II plug 46 applies pressure on the pressure surface 13.1 to move the fixed portion toward the socket. Here, the guide surface 1 2 having a prismatic shape on the front side is pressed against the opposing surface of the shape of the susceptor 40. The embodiment of the tool holder 1 〇 is shown in detail in Figures 2 and 3. As can be seen from the two figures, the tool holder 10 has a clamping portion 15 to which a fixed portion is attached. The clamping portion has a rear leg 14 which, in the mounted state, rests on an abutment surface 43 of the base 40. The portion 15 has a cylindrical portion 16 on its outer surface which is machined to form an annular concave wear mark. The branch 18 of the cylindrical portion 16 is worn. A cutter receiving portion 20 is mounted in the holder 15 through the support surface 18. The tool receiving portion 20 is a cylindrical through hole. It forms a cutter insertion hole 24 in the support surface 18, in a discharge hole 21 opposed to the cutter insertion hole. A slit 2 2 is machined in the clamping portion 15. The gap forms a spatial communication with the tool receiving portion 20. The slit 2 2 opens the receiving portion 20 toward the centrifugal force side of the tool holder 1 。. This is the bending of the base 5, and the portion of the 13.1 which passes through the corresponding holding portion of the supporting groove in the pressing screw 42 is an external cutter: it can be clearly seen from the 1st 1275696. The tool holder 10 has a fixed side facing the base 40 and a centrifugal force side opposite the fixed side. When the tool is used, the drill roll and its tool holding means are rotated in the direction of the arrow n A π in Fig. 1 to form a centrifugal force radially outward in the direction of the centrifugal force side of the tool holder 1 。. It can also be seen from Fig. 1 that a cutter 30 is inserted in the tool receiving portion 20 of the tool holder 10. The cutter 30 has a cylindrical cutter bar 31 on which a cutter specific 32 is integrally formed. A wear protection disc 3 5 is attached to the tool bar 3 1 in a manner known to ® . The disc is circular and completely covers the support surface 18 of the tool holder 10. On the side remote from the support surface 18, the knife portion 32 is concentrically supported on the wear protection disk 35. A longitudinally grooved clamping sleeve 34 is mounted on the tool bar 3 1 . The sleeve has a clamping member 34.1 that is captured in the annular groove of the cutter bar 31 to form a rotational support. The cutter 30 is freely rotatable in the clamping sleeve 34 and is not disengageable in the axial direction. During the cutting process, fine waste stone enters the tool receiving portion 20 . They enter the area between the blade body 32 and the wear protection disk 35 and the area between the wear beta protection disk 35 and the support surface 18 of the tool holder 10, through which the tool access portion 20 is entered. In the case of this example, the area between the tool bar 3 1 and the clamping sleeve 34 is entered. Due to the rotational movement and the slight axial play in the tool bar 3 1 and the clamping sleeve 34, a pump is formed which transports the waste stone in the direction of the free end of the tool bar 31. If the cutting process uses a cooling medium, such as water, a viscous suspension will also occur. The waste rock material is transported from the tool insertion hole to the discharge hole along the tool bar under the pump, and is conveyed along the centrifugal force direction until the free end of the tool bar 3 1 from the 1275696 tool bar 3 1 and the clamping sleeve 34 discharge. The centrifugal force acting on the collected waste stone discharges the waste stone from the slit 2 2 to the tool receiving portion 20. Here, a mechanism is utilized in which the waste stone is in the π shade M with respect to the direction of rotation of the roll, i.e., in the area of the cutter 30 and a free face of the cutter bar 31. In one stroke of a conventional drill roll, the discharge of waste rock in the direction of rotation or on the side is not possible because the drilled or machined surface blocks the path. As clearly shown in Fig. 1, the slit 22 overlaps the self-contained end of the gripping sleeve 34 so as to overlap the cutter rod 31. This allows the waste material to be reliably discharged. This effect can also be achieved if the notch 2 2 is terminated or offset by a free end of the sleeve 34 of the tool bar 3 1 . The slit 22 is spatially connected to the rear side concave portion 44 of the base 40. This creates a large passage to the free end of the tool bar 31. This makes it easy for the mounting tool to come into contact with the visible end of the tool bar 3 1 . Thereby, the tool can be easily entered from the discharge hole 43 into the tool receiving portion 20 〇 # Of course, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, a clamping sleeve 34 that does not enclose the entire tool bar 3 1 can also be used. At this time, the waste stone appears in a region where the tool receiving portion 20 does not overlap with the inner wall of the tool bar 31. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a tool holding device including a cutter, a cutter holder, and a base. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the tool holder shown in Figure 1 from the back. -10- 1275696 Figure 3 is a different view of the tool holder as shown in Figure 2. Description of the main components
10 刀 具 夾 持 器 11 固 定 部 分 12 引 導 面 13 凹 入 14 支 撐 面 15 夾 持 部 分 16 圓 筒 狀 的 部 分 18 支 撐 面 20 刀 具 接 收 部 2 1 排 出 孔 22 開 □ 24 刀 具 插 入 □ 孔 30 刀 具 3 1 刀 具 桿 32 刀 具 體 34 卡 緊 套 筒 3 5 磨 損 保 護 盤 40 基 座 4 1 固 定 面 42 插 座 43 相 抵 面 -11- 1275696 44 凹入部分 45 刀具通孔 46 螺栓10 Tool holder 11 Fixed part 12 Guide surface 13 Recessed 14 Support surface 15 Clamping part 16 Cylindrical part 18 Supporting surface 20 Tool receiving part 2 1 Discharge hole 22 Opening □ 24 Tool insertion □ Hole 30 Tool 3 1 Tool bar 32 knife specific 34 clamping sleeve 3 5 wear protection plate 40 base 4 1 fixing surface 42 socket 43 facing surface -11- 1275696 44 recessed part 45 tool through hole 46 bolt
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