TWI270605B - Voiceprint key system - Google Patents

Abstract

A voiceprint key system comprises a voiceprint key used to encrypt/decrypt an electrical information for constituting a voiceprint lock. Furthermore, a voiceprint identification system is used to generate a voice feature and select the voiceprint key from the voice feature. The voiceprint identification system includes a front-end processing portion, a feature-retrieving portion, a training system and a testing system for training or testing raw voice data.

Description

1270605 94. 08· 08 No. 94119966 Patent Specification and Drawing Revisions IX. EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a voiceprint lock system, which is particularly relevant to electronic data. The data folder] is a code of bribe code, and the sound code code lock can be fixed or carried to set up to strengthen the personal electronic Zishan [previous technology] emt. The time to provide biological diversity has gradually become the main technology for personal identification. In terms of identification technology, currently available biometrics, face recognition, fingerprint recognition, palmprint recognition, voiceprint recognition, eye iris recognition, and DNA sequencing matching identification. - General for electronic (four) security protection only personal passwords. Human rights passwords can not provide security, such as passwords, and = solution 4. Therefore, electronic data security will require other protection measures to enhance the protection of electronic data by strengthening the function of personal identification. Right based on the cost of the architecture and the actual operation of the identification technology, it can be identified as a more suitable choice for personal identity identification. Χ,,, (4) Voiceprint verification methods, such as the patent

The use of sound spectrum information to identify the user's method and its device" Invention: 5, J The unique spectral information of the messenger identifies the user's identity to determine the user's ability to bump. The financial method includes the step ^(1) ==[2], from the sound spectrum of the speech, the sign is taken as the reference sample, and if it is "yes", the voice is specially (four) the time slave - the limit, S " y (4), the voice features and parameters, according to the fruit of the person; [6] = count = fruit C: \ LiiKto \ nt Patvpugsoi-iooooxpicMia.doc 1270605 94 · 08 · 08 No. 94119966 patent specification and The schema revision is compared with the set limit; [7], according to the comparison result, whether the user is an authorized user. The method is used in a mobile phone, which uses sound spectrum analysis method to take out the unique information of the voice, borrowing This method is used to identify the user. Far 490655 mainly uses the main value of each frame to compare with the limit set by the user. After the start and end points of the mosquito voice, the Princen-Bradley filter is used to convert The detected voice signal is obtained to obtain a corresponding sound spectrum pattern, and the sound spectrum pattern is compared with the reference sound spectrum sample stored first to identify the voiceprint of the user.

In short, the number 490655 requires pattern matching and distance calculation. If the calculation distance does not exceed the limit, the user can recognize the voiceprint. However, the No. 490655 must calculate the distance between the reference sample and the job sample when performing pattern matching and distance calculation. In fact, the loss = the empty _# of the database on the side of the sample, so it requires not only a larger library, but also a longer file transfer time. In the personal electronic ==_^_ spiders in the storage of the sample of the sample of a reference to the database space of the reference sample, so that the appropriate lining __ have _ still care or device. The above-mentioned shortcomings, the system-voiceprint verification 糸, first, before the capture-features, the amount of processing and the recognition rate. In addition, the voiceprinting system is used, for example, the selection of -C:\Linda\PK Pat\PKWfl 丨 丨 0 ΡΚ 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 Correcting the key to encrypt (encrypt) or decrypt (decrypt) an electronic data to form a voice code lock, the voiceprint lock is used to protect the electronic data. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a voiceprint password lock system that utilizes a voiceprint key to encrypt or decrypt an electronic data to form a voiceprint password lock, so that the present invention can improve the security of electronic data. efficacy. The secondary object of the present invention is to provide a voiceprint code lock system using a voiceprint verification system, which is effective before training and testing to capture voice features. §My voice information from the original input voice 撷Taking to filter out invalid speech information' enables the invention to reduce the amount of data processing and improve the recognition rate. T% The secondary objective of the present invention is to provide a voiceprint code lock system which reduces the effective voice information on the test ' front end processing, and performs the Na-voice feature, and the _ turn ratio [ Viterbi] algorithm is the most complicated. In order to calculate the model parameters [the thief value and the number of bribes in each state] for storage, in the voice training: or test, the similar probability between the calculation of the modulus and the number of voices is 2' to obtain the voiceprint feature value, so that The invention has the effect of simplifying training and testing operations. According to the voiceprint combination lock system of the present invention, the system includes a voice pattern for encrypting or electronically calculating the electronic data to form a voiceprint two-voice verification system for generating a voiceprint characteristic value. The voice recording key. The voiceprint verification system includes a front-end processing dry-training system to train or test the original input, σ曰-Bei. In the training of my voice, the 'sports training system utilizes the front-end processing unit from the original C:\Linde\PK Ρ«\ΡΜ50Μ 0000\ΡΚ9βΙ3. doc 1270605 % Φ 08 Patent No. 94191996 and the revised version of the input voice data Take effective training language to capture the effective training voice = Cheng, and then use the characteristic Na Department information to obtain the most similar path, in order to make the effective training voice capture effective test voice: = the Ministry of the original input effect Test the characteristics of the voice; then enter the feature of the feature of the feature of the similar feature, and the result of the model is the same as the other parameters. And the advantages can be more clearly described in detail below. In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and in conjunction with the drawings, the voiceprint combination lock system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention uses a voiceprint verification system to perform the original input voice data. Training or testing assignments. Figure i is a block diagram showing the flow pattern verification system used in the voiceprint lock system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. More than one month... As shown in Fig. 1, the miscellaneous verification system i of the voiceprint lock system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a training system 1() and a test system 20 for training the original input voice data. Or test the job. The voiceprint verification system 1 further includes a front end processing unit, a feature operation unit, a storage unit, and a calculation unit. The front end processing unit and the feature extraction unit are configured to perform front end processing and feature extraction on the training system 1 and the measurement system 20, wherein the storage unit stores voice features, and the operation unit stores the voice features and the input voice features. Calculate it. When the user enters the voiceprint verification system 1, the account number is first input to confirm the identity. Then, the system queries the database according to the input account, is it

Κ如,咖0卜|__1 —8 — (C 1270605 94. 08· 08 No. 94119966 Patent specification and schema revision = input account is established. If the miscellaneous account is not established, enter the training 2 ΐ 10 The voice series operation 'continued to establish and store the miscellaneous account materials. If the six input account has been established, enter the test secret 20 to conduct a voice test operation, in order to identify whether the voice feature of the input account meets the stored input account. Voice material.

Before the riding feature is captured, the front-end processing unit extracts the effective voice resource = the original voice data, and (4) the invalid voice information. The invention includes the short-time energy [ShQr Bu Energy] and the over-feed [such as 〇 _ ^ os ^ing Rate]. The invention adopts a method combining the Gaussian probability distribution, and the equation is as follows: = the original signal is divided into several D-dimensional sound boxes, ringing, "μ", which is the probability of the adjacent probability, and the background noise is the diagnosis. number. In this case, because of A?, the expected value of 4 is the background. Because D=256 in ^ρττ is a fixed value, the value of $ is omitted, and equation (1) is simplified as follows:

^W = ^exp{_l(i_-)V(-__| (2) h (ύΛ \^ί 1 Γ 1 ί)) (3) Zero rate 256 points, calculate the short-term energy and substitute the number of equations And the original input voice 丁丁运^. Using the short-term energy and the zero-crossing rate to divide the effective voice information and the invalid voice information by (10) "The Talk of the Talk" (_ ugly 3 · slave 4 1270605 94 · 08 · 08 94119966 patent specification and schema correction of the local rate , filter out invalid voice information, not only reduce the amount of data, but also correctly capture valid voice information. In the feature extraction section, the present invention employs two speech discriminant feature parameters including linear predictive cepstral coefficients. This rainbow ^ediction Cepstrum c〇efficient, Lpa] and Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient (MFCC) are 12 cepstral parameters (cepstral c〇eff沁丨) and first order J-frequency 4 parameters (delta-cepstral coefficients). The cepstrum parameter cn is differentially differentiated from time 乂

K (4)) dt ^- (4) Acupuncture 2

k Nian K y K is to consider the number of frames. The formula (4) of 'Ί, ϋ--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2, ") + C(1,n)]/5 (5) AC:=[2*C(35n) + C(2,n)^C(05n)]/6 (6) △cr[2 C(z + 2,n) + C(i + 1,n) —印—w —2*c(i —2, state cut (7) c(I—3n)—2*c(i—4, call /6 (8) 1 =[—C(/:K2*C(L-3,”)]/5 (9) In equations (5) to (9), Cn is the nth-order eigenvalue, L is the total number of frames in the signal, and i is the time frame. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of miscellaneous verification and the hidden frame of the sound frame used in the voiceprint code lock system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. On the training m曰, the voice has the concept of "state", state It is C:\Linda\PK Pat\PK9501-10000\PK98l3. doc η5/08/ί)5/Ι2; ηΐ in —10 — 1270605 94. 08. 08 Patent No. 94191996 and the modified version of the mouth when pronounced Type and channel changes. Generally speaking, each time the mouth shape must change, each state is a characteristic of a phonetic change. Sometimes a single tone may have multiple states. A state does not have a fixed size like a sound box. Usually a state contains several or dozens of sound boxes. Please refer to Figure 2, the first state contains three sound boxes, and the second state contains six sound boxes. The sound box and the third state comprise four sound boxes. The present invention firstly uses the slashing method to assume the relationship between the state and the sound box. Next, the present invention calculates the parameters of the initial model, which include the expected value and the variation number. The parameters of the initial model # redistribute the relationship between the frame and the state to obtain a new point. Then use the new point to recalculate the frame corresponding to each state. Repeat the relationship between the frame and the state again and again. Recalculating the sound box corresponding to each state until the maximum similar probability no longer rises. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the initial allocation of the sound frame and state of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint password (10) system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the mode. The initial allocation mode is an example of three sample voices for equalizing actions. The wide mode of the voice divides the voice material into actions, which may not be possible after the equalization; And the last state - please refer to 1, and the second: in the distribution mode, the sample speech equalization must consider three points: in the first - recording; 2, the last _ a certain frame 13, the sound box The state change, only the constant or change to the rate, and the material is expected to be _ in each recorded state of the machine and use the Viterbi algorithm to obtain the most similar path. The sound pattern test As shown in Fig. 4, in three _, the l possible states of the sound box are C:\Linde\PK P*t\PK950l-|〇〇〇〇\p^98i3. ^ 05/08/05/12.01 ID y ,·.....

A ~ 11 — 1270605 94 08. 08 Patent specification No. 94119966 and schema revision The direction of conversion. The box is considered to be an impossible state, and the direction of the arrow is regarded as a possible state change path. Figure 5 is a diagram showing the most similar path of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint lock system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 5, the most similar path of the feature has a first state comprising the ith to 3rd frames, a second state comprising the 4th to 6th frames, and a third state comprising the 7th to 1st frames. Fig. 6 is a view showing the voiceprint verification system for the voiceprint combination lock system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 6, three

The sample speech is in the initial mode of three states, and it is distributed after the equalization. After each sample voice of the first sample speech is divided into three sound boxes, the remaining two sound boxes are respectively arranged in a shape and a second state. Each sample of the second sample speech is divided into four frames. After each sample of the third sample speech is divided into three frames, the remaining - frames are respectively assigned the first state. After calculation, the probability of the second largest similarity is 2156. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the first-time redistribution sound box of the voiceprint code lock system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 7 =. In the first redistribution of the sound field, its youngest chance is increased: 3571 所示 Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the second transfer new distribution of the sound-printing secrets of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The photographing = the first redistribution of the sound reduction, the maximum similar probability of which rises to Fig. 9 reveals a schematic diagram of the best distribution sound frame of the voiceprint = verification system of the preferred embodiment of the invention. Please refer to the === after the eve-person re-telephone, its maximum similar probability 3571 no longer rises, because C:\LimU\PK Pftt, PK95〇M_)fl\PKMI3· doc —12 — 〇5/〇8 〇 / / • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 941 The calculation of the projections of each state can be stored in the library. The voiceprint features can be further referred to in Figure 1, and the first person entering the training system 10 uses the Viterbi algorithm to obtain the most. Miscellaneous == is the modulo _, that is, the completion of the second = rate: at - predetermined reference value, can not pass the system! ____ voiceprint verification system 8 when the maximum similar probability is greater than the predetermined reference value, encrypted by the line [~^ again, as shown in Figure 1, the same when entering the test system 2 into the 2nd and 2nd work 'Operation equations (1) to (9) 'decrypt the voiceprint feature groove when the valid test voice is obtained, and perform the voiceprint verification operation with the voiceprint verification system 1. Life does not / again /: Figure 1 does not 'Next, the operation of the test voice features ... corpse ^ Temple wants the file parameters between the similar probability to output a recognition result: in the voice touch, the smallest her machine As far as the reference value is concerned, the voiceprint verification system 1 can be entered by 叩曰; otherwise, the minimum similarity probability is less than the vertical reference _, no (four) over-speech_ and the test operation is ended, and thus the voiceprint verification system must be left. In view of the above, the voiceprint lock system of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention utilizes a solid-type miscellaneous code lock for encryption and decryption. Please refer to C:\Linde\PK ft«t\PM50M(10)mpweiw 05/08/05/12:01 f

Cr) - 13 1270605 94 08. 08 Patent No. 94191996 and the drawings are modified. The first preferred embodiment of the present invention is a fixed voiceprint lock system, which includes _ _ voice relief key Ke. The voiceprint key ^ is used to encrypt or decrypt the electronic data to form the fixed voice blanket code lock. The fixed voiceprint combination lock is suitable for a personal computer [π], a notebook computer (NB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), or a mobile phone (M〇biie Phone). < Further, please refer to the first and tenth @@'s voiceprint lock system of the present invention: The training system 10 using the voiceprint verification system i. The voiceprint verification system selects the sound (10) key ^ from the more complicated value by generating a = sound_signal value. The training system 10 can provide a voiceprint profile 31, which preferably operates 32 bytes from the voiceprint feature. The so-called voiceprint features are required to input the same voiceprint feature on both the storage end and the pick-up end of the electronic data. In the storage of electronic funds I 1 10 capture the sound input key Kc. At this time, the voiceprint remaining Kc is used to encrypt the county, and the 6-encrypted electronic data file is stored in a specific 3^卩 electronic electronic security operation. This is the advanced encryption of the Laijia system. δΜΓ(1 5 AES) As shown in the first and the first diagrams, the test system 20 of the system 1 is subjected to a voice test operation to compare with the input sound. If the voiceprint is specially deleted, the second tone is passed through the i tone two =;; when the preset value is used, it is regarded as a voice test operation. Conversely, if you turn: turn $, you can open the electronic data broadcast 32. The error between the table _ 31 and the input voice is higher than the default value C:\Linda\PK Ρ*1\ΡΚ950 Μ0000\ρΚ9ίΐ3. doc 05/08/05/12:01 Pll ~~~ 14 —— 1270605 ^ 94 08· 08 No. 94119966 Patent Specification and Modifications are considered to have failed to pass the voice test. Once the voice test operation is not passed, = need to leave the voiceprint password lock system 3 1 is not allowed. The electronic data file, \1 Figure does not reveal the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the voiceprint password lock system is "portable The flow code block diagram of the silk code lock is used for encryption and decryption. As shown in Fig. 11, the voiceprint lock system 4 of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is a three-sound voice code lock. The KG is used to encrypt or decrypt electronic data. It is compatible with portable audio (4). The portable security code lock is suitable for CDs (8), Floppy Disk, Flash Disk, Mo Disk or network transmission, etc. Referring again to Figures 1 and 11, the voiceprint lock system 4 of the present invention uses the training system 10 of the voiceprint verification system 1, and the training system 10 provides a sound. The pattern feature file 41. The voiceprint verification system is used to generate a scale key KG from the voiceprint feature value. In the storage of the electronic value, the scale calculation system of the Rib voiceprint verification system is obtained. The voiceprint key Kc. At this time, the voiceprint feature is broadcasted into the electronic data, & That is, the voiceprint profile 41 only occupies 2K to 61 (two bytes) of the electronic data file 42. The electronic data file 42 is encrypted by the voiceprint key Kc to generate an encrypted electronic data slot; At the same time, the grammar operation is performed to generate an encrypted voiceprint feature, and the encrypted voiceprint profile and the encrypted electronic data file are serially connected to obtain a serial file. In addition, the encrypted voiceprint profile and the encrypted electronic data file are serially transmitted to generate a message authentication code by using a message authentication code generation mechanism. The present invention preferably uses a Secure Hash Algorithm (sha). Generate the signal φ authentication code, and use the general key K to encrypt the message authentication code—15—C:\Linda\PK ΡΜ\ΡΚ95(Μ-|〇〇〇〇\ρΚ9β|3

05/08/05/12:01 IH 1270605 94· 〇8· 08 No. 94119966 Patent Specification and Schema Revision to generate an encrypted message authentication code. The encrypted electronic asset, the encrypted voiceprint profile, and the encrypted message authentication code are formed—portable age, that is, the encrypted data encryption operation, which can be transmitted via the network or the recording medium. Referring to Figures 1 and 11, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 11, when the electronic data is retrieved from the system, the encrypted voice signature and the encrypted message authentication code are first decrypted using the general key κ. 41 and message authentication code. Next, the test system 2 of the voiceprint verification system i is used to perform a voice test operation to compare the voiceprint 41 with the input voice. If the error between the voiceprint profile 41 and the input voice is __, it can be allowed to be turned on by the voice key when it passes the voice test operation. On the other hand, if the voiceprint feature is broadcasted and the "green" value of the voice is set, it is considered to be unclear. - If you have not passed the voice job, you need to leave the whispering system 4, and you are not allowed to open the electronic data file 42. Please refer to FIG. 11 again. Finally, the voiceprint feature slot 41 is compared with the self-certification code. If the tender feature file and the electronic beixiang 42 are combined with the message authentication code, the electronic data offender may not be displayed. On the other hand, if the scale __ 41 and the power 42 do not meet the message authentication code, the electronic data slot is displayed in the brain system and needs to leave the voiceprint lock system 4. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the foregoing preferred embodiments, the invention is invented by the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications within the scope of the limitation. _ define the scales. 4 dry circumference though —16 — C:\Linde\PK Pht\PK950MOOOO\PIC9ei3. doc

N5/0g/05/l2;fl| PM 1270605 94· 08. 08 Patent No. 94119966 and 囷 修正 【 【 简单 简单 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第 第Process block diagram of the pattern verification system. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the state of the voiceprint verification system and the sound frame used in the voiceprint code lock system according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the initial allocation pattern of the sound frame and state of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint combination lock system of the embodiment of the present invention. f Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the state transition of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint lock system of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing the most similar path of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint lock system of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the sound distribution frame of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint code lock system of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the first redistribution of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint code lock system of the embodiment of the present invention. _ Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the second redistribution sound box of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint lock system of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the best sound distribution frame of the voiceprint verification system used in the voiceprint lock system of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing the flow of encryption and decryption using a fixed voiceprint combination lock according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the flow of encryption and decryption using a portable voiceprint combination lock according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. C:\Ltnda\PI PKt\PK950M0000\PK98l3. doc —17 — 8 1270605 94. 08. 08 Patent No. 94191996 and schema revision [Main component symbol description] 1 Voiceprint verification system 20 Test system 31 Voiceprint Feature file 4 voiceprint password lock system 41 voiceprint feature file 10 training system 3 voiceprint password lock system 32 electronic data file 40 serial file 42 electronic data file

Claims (1)

!27〇6〇5 94· 08· 08 No. 94119966 Patent Specification and Modifications, Patent Application Range: 1. A voiceprint lock system comprising: a voiceprint key for carrying an electronic data Encrypting and decrypting operations to form a voiceprint password lock; and - soundprinting _' for generating a voiceprint feature value, selecting the voiceprint key from the voiceprint feature value; wherein if the voiceprint feature floor When the error with the input sound is lower than a preset value, it is allowed to open the electronic data by using the voice test operation, and the error between the _ ί Chinese signature file and the input sound is higher than that of the input sound. The preset value is time = over-speech test operation, once the voice test is not performed by the voice test, and the code lock system is not allowed to be turned on. In the ear, Wenshan 3, according to the voiceprint cryptographic key of the second paragraph of the patent application scope, the sound is transferred to the cryptographic operation, and the image is used to perform the voiceprint feature. The smear feature is broadcasted, [, according to the application patent scope 〗 〖Soundprint exhausted lock: - code lock system is a portable portable bribe code lock. ...the sound pattern is dense, according to the application of the fourth item of the voiceprint key, the sound pattern (4) is encrypted, 'shooting the gold data using the electronic data for encryption operation, and the second sea voice key to the electronic data Connect in series to obtain a ^^ ear, 'text signature file and encryption C; \Linde\WP»t\PK950H0000\PKMI3.doc ~ 19 ~ • 1270605 94. 08. 08 Patent No. 94191996 and the revised version 6. According to the voiceprint password system of the fifth paragraph of the patent application scope, the message authentication code is generated by using the secret code generation mechanism to generate the message authentication code of the encrypted voice signature slot and the encrypted electronic data, and the message is decoded. The authentication code is compared with the voiceprint profile and the electronic data for the authentication code. 7. The voiceprint password lock system according to item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the message authentication code of the string_ is encrypted by using the key to encrypt the message identification code, and the key is also viewed The authentication code is decrypted. 8. The voiceprint password (10) according to the scope of the patent application scope, wherein the voiceprint lock system uses a voiceprint verification system for providing the voiceprint feature file. 9. The voiceprint password lock system according to item 8 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the card system comprises: a moon-end processing unit for performing front-end processing of the original input voice of the voiceprint verification system (4), _ end secret points Effective voice information and invalid voice information, and then take effective voice information; the special part of the department is used to capture the effective voice information features; a storage department f to store the voice features; and...卩# will § 彡 store voice features and input voice features. 10 = 4 The voiceprint code lock system of the ninth patent scope, wherein the voiceprint test, and the first training system use the front end processing unit and feature capture. Awkward: the model parameters of the original input voice data. The voiceprint code lock system according to item 10 of the patent scope, wherein the training C:\Lind«\P| P»t\PK950M0000\PK98|3, ~20 — 05/08/05/12:m IK ( I 1270605 94· 08. 08 Patent specification No. 94119966 and schema modification The system also uses the Viterbi algorithm to obtain the most similar path in order to calculate the model parameters for storage. 12 ^The vocal code lock of the 9th item of the patent scope System, where the voiceprint test: hiding features C:\Lifida\PK Pht\PK«50l-l(K)00\PK98ia doc 05/Π8/05/Ι2:〇Ι PM ~ 21~