TWI268060B - Media access communication protocol installed under IEEE 802.11 ad hoc wireless network environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention comprises two methods, which firstly schedules transmission of each active host system to reduce some unnecessary idle time and reduce the data collision during transmission and further employs the fully connected nature of wireless network topology so that each active host system in network can mutually hear the message transmitted from each node that can dynamically adjust the ATIM window size.

Description

1268060 玖 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 发明 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本In a specific wireless network environment, the designed media capture protocol. [Prior Art] The power management protocol of the present invention is an improved technology of the observation n standard, but the use of the positive port Defeated City 5 weeks of full-time 802.11 ad hoc network power management in the ATIM window; ^ U to improve the performance of the adhoc wireless network, there is no similar article or finished product [invention] The main The purpose is to provide the power of the media set by the dirty media to achieve power saving. The brothers' invention mainly consists of two steps. First, for each action master, choose the special sales. Knowing that in order to reduce some unnecessary idle time and reduce the occurrence of data in transit, it is characterized by fully _ected wireless network, and the host in the network can hear each other. Send, ·^ for dynamic adjustment Wood and then ATIMwind〇wSlze [Embodiment] In the IEEE802.11 specification, assume that all actions in the network "幌, 咖嫩编TM == the same day of the secret 1 start. Every time during the ATIM windQw - awake. If there is - the second move stack has dirty ast temporary storage service Wei to Yu province f;;;:: ^ATIM frame mine type of the host will respond - a During beacon lnterval, the sender and receiver are squatting ^ DCF w 1268060 age * \ , ^ · ' · ; ' box. In order to make the mobile host in power saving mode have higher priority, only beac〇n , "ACK RTS, CTS and ATIM frame can be transmitted in the ATIM window. : See as shown in the first figure, where Node A, B and C start at beacon interval

I will wake up when I am. During the window period, node c does not have any atm box to send, so it will return to sleep mode after the ATIM window. Node A now has a data frame to send to PS node B. First, during the ATIM window, he will send an ATIM frame to node B. And n〇de B will respond to an ATIM ACK to node A. After the ATIM window, node A and node β will follow their DCF access rules to exchange their data frames and ACKs. All sleep n〇 (je will wake up again at the beginning of the next atim window. I know that Siam DCF is based on the contention-based CSMA/CA mechanism due to frame collision and delay of the growth frame. So he will waste precious batteries and bandwidth. ^ The size of the ATIM window in IEEE 802·11 is fixed. However, research reports indicate that the size of the ATIM window has a significant impact on throughput and power consumption. Different traffic loads require different ATIM window sizes in order to achieve better network performance. In order to achieve this goal, we also propose a novel mechanism in this invention, which can adapt to traffic load to dynamically adjust ATIM. Window. = The fifth step of the present invention is to take the following two steps in order to make a limited use of the limited amount of power in the mobile device. The first part is to schedule the transmission of each mobile host to Reduce unnecessary idle time and reduce collision of data in transit; the other part is to use Φ fulW connected wireless network topology Nature, every action in the host network can hear each other by sending messages to each other out of the ATIM window size for dynamic adjustment. (A) transfer mechanism Permuterm take off clothes

The scheduling mechanism can reduce the delay in the transmission of data frames in the network, improve the efficiency of mobile devices, increase channel utilization, and avoid collisions of frames. In order to save more battery power, our m-meter communication protocol allows a power-saving (ps) node to go back to sleep mode when it is transmitted in the negative frame. This mechanism is in line with the standard BEE

The δ and δ of 802.11 are different. In the IEEE 802.11 standard, if a ps node receives an ATIM frame in the ATIM window, it should remain awake throughout the beacon interval until the next ATIM window ends. Therefore, in the communication protocol we design, it must be a prerequisite

1268060 = Two nodes transmit her order in the order of the ATIM window. And the low ones decided to send the dragon's material scale method, and the total power consumption on the road was the most costly. In the PIOtoC()1, we called a temporary data such as pulse. ==Between working duratl〇n, this t message is entrained in each fine (four) fat stop on each side of the node drunk enough to slant, Xian makes the short working hours so after the end of the calendar Wlnd0w, has the shortest she 1 - View n, that is, the point 'Ke Ling' - a message frame that is temporarily stored or to be transmitted by Wei. A 2 scoop ^wo ring duratlon means that she is all resistant = this, e needs to transmit and receive data frames in 14 beacon intervals... heart 'every n 〇 de profit (10) order this tQtai wQrking duratiQn, Decided to pass = 壬f - a transmitted PS node, this scheduling mechanism is designed so that ps n〇de can extend his battery life, after all the ps nQde transmission, the remaining be surface ^^, , in order to let the other (10) - (10) know according to the Qing program ^ competition this 杲 " to transmit data frames. This mechanism can be divided into three steps: (A), establish a transfer table: Just like IEEE 802.11 - all nodes are fully c〇nnected and time is the same as v' so all PS her ATIM windows can start at the same time. At the beginning of beacon intervai, each node will remain awake in the ATIM window. If there is a node with a da_ta frame temporarily stored in any of the PS nodes, or if the PS node has a temporary data frame to be sent to the other (10)de, they will send the ATIM frames during the ATIM window. Their recipients. When A·如 is received, the receiver will respond with an eight-top ACKs and then complete the right to keep the information they want to transmit after ATIMwind〇w. The frame contains the transmitted ID, the recipient's ID, and the sender's time in the ATIM wind〇w's moxibustion. This data frame (called working duration) is given to the receiver. I have done ATIM (Sender-ID, Receiver-ID, Working-Duration). Because of the propagation characteristics of the wireless medium, any other node can listen to the information in each ATIM frame. 7 1268060 SS 8. 〇5 year month S repair (more;) replacement page | Table 1 transmission table (transmission table)

Sender^ID Receiver_ID Working—Duration A B 10 A C 20 B C 30 D E 35

See the second figure, there are five PSn〇de on the network, namely nodes A, B, C, D and E. During the ATIM window, only four ATIM frames were successfully sent, respectively ( A, B, l〇), (A, C, 20), (B, C, 30), and (D, E, 35), and the parent node on the network will be built as shown in Table 1. Transmission table. It means that node A needs 10 units of time after the ATIM window to transmit the data frame to the node & the other columns can be deduced by analogy. (B), determine the order of transmission (a) In order to determine the node of the first data frame after the ATIM window, each node will work i ng durat of each node that has appeared in transmi ss i on tab 1 e If i on is added separately, it will get the total working during each node. For example, in Table 1, the total working duration of node A is 10+20=30, and the total working duration of node 8 is 10+30=40. The total working durations of nodes C, D, and E are 20+30=50, 35, and 35, respectively. In principle, the node with the shortest total working duration will be the first transmitter in the transmission schedule. However, there is a situation to be considered, that is, nodes D and e in Table 1, in the entire transmission table, the data exchange process in the two nodes has no relationship with other nodes, that is, when the data exchange between them is completed. After that, we can go to sleep at the same time. We call it pair-flow. If we have this pair-flow right to transmit the first data, we have the opportunity to make the total consumption of the entire network. The power is reduced; therefore, when there is a pair-flow in the transmission table, our algorithm will try to make this pair-n〇w have the most 8 .... 1268060 = Sub-recalculation lets the Chan - advance All sections transmitted - power consumption, order. Read decision transmission (b) When selecting the next transmitter, the part of our algorithm that has been sorted is deleted, and the taMe will continue to 黾10. And in these two steps, the order of transmission of all the nodes in the 10n table is determined. 35, and 35. ^〇〇 and E's t〇tal W〇rklng during 20, 30, 50, respectively, I 2 t 'Because node A has the smallest tune t()tal WOTking du]fatic)n, the section ^ will become the ATIM After the window, the node that transmits the data frame is the first one; but because there is a residual_flQw in the table, we try to set it as a transmitter, then we follow the step (6) to ATIM (D, e , 35) delete, this

Transmission table t ^ total working duration ^ II becomes the brother-seat message transferer, the navigation_transfer sequence will become (D->e), (a_>b) and (A >C) then B->c) 'We found that the total power consumed by this sorted result is =5+(10+20)*3Na 2:325, which is less than the node A that will have the shortest total w〇rking durati〇n - The transmitter consumes less power. The order of transmission is (a - (8) and (eight > 〇, <3-> 〇 then (〇 - > £), the total power consumption is (1〇+2〇)*5+30*4+35*2=340. Therefore, in such a case, our algorithm will choose to advance the order of pair_fl〇w in advance. (C) After the end of the ATIM window, each node transmits the data box according to the result of the sorting, and the time when the parent node can use the channel is the same as the time defined in the AIMT frame. In the picture, how we operate; after the end of the ATIM window, wait for a SIFS time 'Lang D to send the data frame to node e first, when they succeed in the information After the transfer is completed, it can return to the sleep state at the same time; after waiting for a time of Sips, the second transmitter, node A, will transmit the data frame to node b and node C respectively, and when node A completes the data transmission, it can also return. To sleep state; finally, Node B also waits for SIFS time 1268060 ~^ΤΎΓ. Year, month, repair (more) is replacing: Point, according to DCF program K〇^terVal will be available for other sections on the network that are not in power saving mode' The order of view is the information frame they want to transmit. The ones that are transmitted ^, all the festivals on the network can receive or monitor correctly. Really, the originals also proposed ',, = move' plus the unreliable transfer characteristics of wireless transmission media, of course, I have to solve this problem. Similarly, we are still using the second figure (4) Fake Wei _ no ship miscellaneous (four) order to specialize ί, ΐ point E, this time the next transmitter, in this case for the section 'decrease if found in (four) win+ow, after the addition of two SIFS At the time, no node is transmitting data, ie channel 'Caf 1' At the time of two SIFS, node A judges that node D may have a non-turning error and immediately sends out the data frame that he wants to transmit, so as to avoid unnecessary idleness of the channel. For the result, please refer to the third figure. (2) Fish state adjustment ATIM WinHrw p p p In order to save more power in mobile devices in power saving mode, and increase channel usage, we changed the original IEEE 802·11 power saving MAC protocol Change its fixed atim window size to changeable, without predetermining its size. Instead, determine the ATIM window size based on the amount of traffic on the network. The detailed operation procedure is as follows. We have set two ATIMs. The rules that Window must terminate, and in Table 2 we detail the variables and constants used in the following description: Table 2 Communication - Parameters used in the delimitation TsiFS time of short inter-frame spacing Tdifs Time of distributed inter-frame spacing Tack time to transmit an ACK Tcw-min time of min. contention window TFrame time to transmit j?th data frame in scheduling " Table TFRAME-min time to transmit a rain, data frame Tatim time to transmit an ATIM frame TcURR last ATIM frame transmission ending time ϊ268〇6〇 ^9: Ο 5 years>j β修便)

Beacon Interval

Rule 1: All the action nodes during the ATIM/indQw period are awake, because the special transmission of the wireless transmission--(four) can hear every transmission media frame on the network, regardless of whether the channel is idle or busy stone, T f卩点有相_Channel Wei; #网络的结果_Cao Dao idle time to Tws +tcw_ time, we assume that there are no more nodes on the network that want to send out... Top 1 =, so all nodes immediately End this ·wind〇w, and enter the order of the transmission slave, that is, IF Channel IdleTime >= Tdifs + T, n THEN ATIM-WIN = (Τ· - TBTT) + T delete + Tc test m below We use the fourth picture as an example to illustrate this operational rule. During the ATIM wind〇w, only 2 points A send * - A · frame to node β, after ^, node B returns to the coffee, to node A 'after A and B exchange their control frame, nodeΑ , β, . and c found that channel ^ set TWs + T (10) in time, so they ended the ATIMwind 〇 w, and entered the transmission, the stage of the process. According to the algorithm of our transmission schedule, after the end of ATIMwind〇w, after node A, etc. =tsifs, the data frame to be sent to node B is sent out. When nodes A and B complete their poverty, transmission, You can go back to sleep; as for node c, because it did not receive or send any ATIM frame during ATIM wind〇w, it can return to its original sleep state after ATIMwind〇w^# bundle. During the period of other unused beac〇n, the nodes in the network that are active will be used to compete for the data frame. Rule 2: As in the face & to 'in a fully connected wireless network, each node in the network can learn each message through the frame transmitted on the network. The node that sent the ATIM frame 'has to spend a lot of time (we call it working during) at the end of the ATIM window to transmit the data frame; when they receive an ATIM frame, they will add the total during the processing, plus The total working period is called total 11 1268060 working duration. If the node on the network finds that the beacon interval deducts the time spent on all the ATIM frames so far, and then deducts the remaining time after the bloody taboo is not enough to transmit an ATIM frame. With the shortest data frame and ACK, the ATIMwindow is terminated immediately. After the time of one SIFS, all the nodes that have transmitted the ATIM frame send their own in order according to the order of the data frames after scheduling. Information frame. That is when

ReraainingBI = TBTTnext ^ - TsIFs - Z(1-lton)(Wi IF RemainingBI < 2TWs + TWme- + Tack THEN ATIM-WI. Τ·-TBTT

Tsifs + Tack /

Ixxxm_nin-丄curr-IDI1 ^Monday, as shown in the fifth figure, at the TBTT time, each node on the network will compete with the beacon, and one of the nodes on the network will successfully send the beac〇n (fourth figure and the first Five maps, slightly developed ^beacon part), all nodes on the network compete to send atm, box according to DCF. In the fifth figure, nodes a, Β, and c respectively send the message box to nodes β, ^ and A, respectively, while the nodes in the network that transmit, receive, or idle are based on the white=w 〇rklng duratl〇n message, to calculate the current remaining size: ningBI) size, when they hear the frame sent by node C also found that less than send - an ATIM frame plus a minimum data frame The required '·, 各's nodes' will end this time after Node B replies ACK to node c, Wlnd〇W, that is, at the SIFS time after the end of the ATIM window, 'send the data cabinet to node B' The node BAC will follow the order H to the data transfer difficult algorithm. The sequence will be in accordance with our (i)i environment and the shirt mc' load = data = ^ ^ to 4G ' Increase by 1 each time. The network situation on the network, we generated $x lsSQn. In order to make the simulation environment more realistic, we have the actlve mobile host compared with the PS mobile host.

12 1268060 -~^5r97VT ~ Year and month repair (more j is replacing the packet arrival rate. Therefore, we set the -packet arrival rate of the active mobile host and the PS mobile host to 6 packets/sec and 1 packets/sec respectively. The receiver of each packet is remote from the mobile host on the network. The 3eacon interval in the experiment is 100ms; the 'ATIM window of IEEE 802.11 is 5 ms, and the ATIM window of our proposed power saving method is According to the traffic load on the network for dynamic adjustment. In our simulation test, the power consumption data of the packet when transmitting the packet is shown in Table 3. Table 3 is based on [L·

Feeney. An Energy Consumption Model for Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. ACM/ Kluwer Mobile Avoiding r such as muscle/starting hunger, V〇i· 6, pp· 239 — 249, 2〇〇1· ], it is actually using the wireless network card of Lucent WaveLAN to experiment, and it is measured when the various packets are transmitted; Each set of simulation time is executed for 2 seconds. We observe the following four factors to prove that our method has better performance than 802.u; the power efficiency (Kbytes/joule) and the amount of data transmitted by each host on the network per second. Sum (Kbytes/sec) 'The number of ATIM frame collisions, and the number of frames sent from the milk-action host and the ps host. Table 3 Power consumption parameters used in the simulation

Parameter —---Value Transmit 420+1.9xframe size (//J) Receive 330+0. 42xframe size (// J) idle 808mW doze —---^27mW

Electricity = system effect fruit line in the sixth picture. Figure 6 The host, including act, the mobile host and the four lines = the upper parent's data transfer amount. The sixth figure (moving for the machine in the 20 (four) simulation process alone efficiency. From the sixth figure (4) and the sixth figure PS mobile host power to make the proposed method has a better performance. Especially 1 ^ ^ ^ ^. 1 The present invention is five times as large as the dirty view u. With this, dPS, the performance of the present invention has even read results, because the present invention employs a scheduling strategy, 13 祗 9·1268060 . .... I > Ripple. To reduce the age of the frame and the consumption of electricity; and move _ to reduce the unnecessary idle time of the mobile host. In addition, the seventh picture is used, 'also reduce the road Cumulative data output. Similarly, the present invention also provides separate (5) descriptions of all mobile hosts and only pins in the network =) and the other seven figures ^ IEEE 80, Π In the protocol designed by the present invention, the PS mobile host is After the _ window, you don't need to do it anymore. As long as it is successfully sent to the ATIM machine in the ATM window: 疋, you can successfully send the temporary data frame to the destination host. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid many unnecessary idle time, and the frame collision == will decrease 'and have better channel usage rate. It can also be clearly seen from the figure of the first person that the number of collisions caused by the frame in the window of the window is far greater than the power saving method proposed by the present invention. The age of the squad can indeed greatly slow down the collision of the Longxun frame. The lion's fruit is a workable agreement. The ATM screen will adjust the m 11 according to the multiple data flows on the Internet. The ATIM window is fixed regardless of the data traffic on the network. The ninth figure illustrates the number of net gamblings that the affirmative action host and the slamming host have in the process of simulating. It is clear that in our proposed agreement, the =4 host, even the active mobile host has better performance than the face n. In the second picture, the seventh picture and the eighth picture, we can confirm that this power-saving riding agreement can also eliminate the delay of light tribute. This is very important for dragons with qqS restrictions. From the above-mentioned conversion test, it can be proved that the agreement of the invention is better than the power management of the traditional 臓·Η agreement, but the unity coke transmission volume (ytes/joule) can be increased by 25%~ 2GG% ' can also greatly reduce the number of collisions, thereby increasing the network's packet transmission rate (throughput, bytes / sec). [Simple diagram of the diagram] The first diagram is the IEEE 802.11 power management operation mode. The first picture is an example of the operation of a scheduled communication protocol. The first picture is an example of the operation of the scheduling protocol error repair (err〇r re(10)(4). 14 1268060 [7T〇i repair (more profitable fourth picture is the first method to end the ATIM window, where when channelIdleTime - - >=Tdifs + Tcwmin, each action host immediately ends the ΑΉΜ window ° The fifth picture is the second way to end the ATIM window, where RemainingBI< 2Tsifs + TFRAMEmin + !^〇^ At the time, each mobile host immediately ends the ATIM window at this time. Figure 6 (9) The amount of data output per unit of joule generated on the network in the simulated action field of the difficult towel. (6) Only consider the network. The mobile host in the ps state: The data output per unit of joule produced. The seventh _) in the simulated over-profits, the amount of data output per unit of time spent on the Internet. (6) Consider only the network The data output of the mobile host in the ps state, the unit time generated. 1 The number of different ATIM frame collisions caused by the same traffic. The nine-figure map = for the PS and active mobile hosts in the simulation process respectively Send (4) information

Claims (1)

L268〇6〇^ V 令·.: 匕.々Η Pick up, apply for a patent scope: —— 1, a kind of method set in ad 11 ad hoe wireless network environment, the steps of the method are: & Slightly draw the agreement (7 per-action host transmission schedule: the first 妓 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The adjustment: reuse the characteristics of the wireless network topology, each mobile host in the network can send messages to each other, the volume windww size for dynamic. The method of the 24〇211 adh〇c wireless network environment described in item ii of the heart 2 patent scope, in the wireless network environment, wherein the transmission tray (a) establishes a transmission table; b) determine the order of transmission; and, (c) transmit the data frame. 3. The method for drawing a communication protocol in the media designed by the wireless network ring in the 臓8〇2·u ad ^ wireless network ring as described in item 2 of the patent scope of the claim, wherein the decision transmission sequence is a poor material The pair-flow has the highest transmission priority, and recalculates the total power consumption of all the nodes that are sent in advance by the paired data flow, and then the total power consumption without transmitting it in advance. Comparing, the power saving method is used to determine the transmission sequence. 4. The method for designing a media retrieval protocol in the 臓8G2·11 ad hQe wireless network environment as described in claim 2, wherein the transmission The data frame waits for a SIFS time. After sending the data frame, it can return to sleep at the same time. However, if the node finds the time after the end of the f ATIM window and adds two SIFS, no node sends the data in & That is, when the channel continues to idle for two SIFS times, the node judges that the previous node may have an unexpected error in the monthly b, and then immediately sends out the data frame that it wants to transmit, so as to avoid unnecessary idleness of the channel. 5. The method for designing a media capture protocol in an IEEE 802. n ad h〇c wireless network environment as described in the scope of the patent application, wherein the dynamic adjustment is in a power saving mode. The mobile device can save more power and increase the channel usage rate, and by changing the original power-saving 仏 802 802 802 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 802 802 802 802 802 802 802 802 802 802 802 , 16 ος Q 〇ς 1 1268060 ^|· έ槪 ) 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 正 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Type: as the next page 17