1262672 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ’ 本發明係關於一種透過網路從遠端開啟電腦的方法，尤 _ 其是有關於利用網路喚醒功能達成遠端開啟電腦的方法。 【先前技術】 網路喚醒（Wake on LAN，WOL)是目前絕大多數電腦都 内建的功能。支援網路喚醒功能的電腦通常至少需要具備二 # 個條件：（1)支援網路喚醒的主機板，這種主機板具有一個網 路喚醒連接埠，主機板的基本輸出入系統（Basic Input/Output System, BIOS)也具有相關的設定（例如開啟或關閉網路喚 醒功能）；（2)支援網路喚醒的網路卡，這種網路卡和主機板的 網路喚醒連接璋要以一條纜線連接，經由這條纜線，網路卡 得以在電腦關機的狀態下還能從電腦的電源供應器汲取非常 少量的電流來進行網路訊框（frame)的監視。也有些電腦主 ® 機板是將網路埠整合於主機板之内，因此並沒有網路喚醒連 接埠與連接的纜線，但其運作的原理是一樣的。 支援網路喚醒的網路卡是在本身電腦關機的情況下，持 續監控其所連接的區域網路上是否有一具有特殊格式的封包 (稱為網路喚醒封包，Magic Packet)。這個封包被包裝成網 路第二層訊框的格式如第la圖所示。只要網路卡在封包資料 的任何地方中，發現一個特殊的片段，而這個片段包含連續 六個位元組的’FF’（十六進位數字）、以及之後共重覆十六次 5 1262672 的網路卡本身的MAC位址，網路卡就會透過其與主機板所 連接纜線將電腦開機。這個訊框中，「目的地MAC位址」可 用所欲開啟電腦的MAC位址、或是廣播位址 (TFFFFFFFFFFF’）° 這個特殊片段可以包在任何第三層協定的封包中，例如 包在TCP/IP、UDP、IPX的封包中，如此一來網路喚醒封包 便可以透過路由器（router )、交換器（switch )傳送。也就是 說，只要在在任何協定封包的資料部份填上 ’FFFFFFFFFFFF丨+16次所欲開機電腦的MAC位址，就可利用 該協定作出一個使用該協定的網路喚醒封包。最常被使用的 是UDP封包。 第lb圖所示係網路喚醒的一個典型實施環境。如圖所 示，子網（subnet) 10與子網20是分別透過路由器12與路 由器22連結，位於子網10的電腦14是經過下列步驟將位於 子網20的電腦24開啟：（1)電腦14首先準備好一個UDP協 定的網路喚醒封包，網路喚醒封包的目的地位址是子網20的 廣播位址，其資料部份包含有電腦24的MAC位址所構成的 特殊片段；（2)電腦14將這個網路喚醒封包傳送出去；（3)網 路喚醒封包經由路由器12傳送給路由器22 ; (4)路由器22 辨認出這是一個廣播到其子網20的封包，因此將此網路喚醒 封包包裝成具有網路第二層廣播位址的訊框並傳送到子網20 6 1262672 上；以及（5)電腦24的網路卡收到這個廣播訊框、辨認出其所 包含為一網路喚醒封包、而且其中片段所含的MAC位址即為 本身的MAC位址，因此即自動將電腦24開機。 從以上的流程可以看出，利用網路喚醒來達到遠端開機 需要知道被開啟電腦的MAC位址、IP位址、以及子網遮罩 (subnet mask )(從IP位址、以及子網遮罩可以推導出子網 的廣播位址）。但是在實務上，這些資訊的取得可能有困難。 • 比如說，許多企業内部電腦使用的IP位址是經由DHCP伺服 器動態指派的，而且在對外通訊時，IP位址會經由路由器的 網路位址翻譯（Network Address Translation，NAT)功能轉換 過。另外，有些企業基於資訊與網路安全的考量，架設有防 火牆而根本就攔截掉網路喚醒封包。最後當有多台電腦需要 經由遠端開機時，記憶這些電腦的MAC位址也對使用人造成 很大的負擔。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明提出一種方法以改善前述習知的網路喚醒 功能在現今網路環境中使用上的困難與不便之處。 本發明提出的方法係實施於一介於一第一網路、以及一 第二區域網路之間的界面裝置内，此界面裝置在第一網路上 具有一固定網路地址，這個固定的網路地址可以是一個固定 的IP位址（例如當界面裝置與第一網路是採專線、或固接式 7 1262672 的ADSL連結）、或是一個固定的網域名稱（但這個網域名稱 所對應的IP位址可以是浮動的）。。本方法提供一操作界面 以供使用者以一適當的通訊協定經由第一網路連結與登入此 界面裝置；本方法然後接受使用者指定一位於第二區域網路 内、支援網路喚醒的電腦的MAC位址；最後本方法依照此 MAC位址準備網路喚醒封包，並對第二區域網路傳送此網路 喚醒封包，致使該電腦於收到此網路喚醒封包後自動開機。 ® 在本發明的一實施例中，此操作界面係一網頁界面，任 何使用者都可使用瀏覽器、以及此界面裝置的固定網路地址 連結到此網頁，而所有第二區域網路上可以網路喚醒的電 腦，其MAC位址都以好記的名稱予以對應、並記錄於一列表 中，使用者從網頁的列表中直接點選所要開機的電腦，此界 面裝置即代為發送網路喚醒封包而達成遠端開機的目的。本 發明因此解決了需要知道被開啟電腦的MAC位址、IP位址、 ® 以及子網遮罩，才能夠利用網路喚醒的功能來達到遠端開機 的困擾。 茲配合所附圖示、實施例之詳細說明及申請專利範圍， 將上述及本發明之其他目的與優點詳述於後。然而，當可了 解所附圖示純係為解說本發明之精神而設，不當視為本發明 範曹之定義。有關本發明範嚕之定義，請參照所附之申請專 利範圍。 8 1262672 【實施方式】 m 本發明提出的方法係實施於介於一第一網路、以及一第 -區域網路之間的界面裳置内。第2a圖所示係本發明之一實 施％丨兄。如圖所示，第一網路100即公眾網際網路，第二區 或、·，罔路200即為企業或住家内部的區域網路，而本發明所實 ^的界面裝置3GG即為同時銜接此二網路1GG、2GG的路由 器、寬頻數據機（例如ADSL數據機、或Cable數據機等）、 或是位於寬頻數據機與區域網路之間的lp分享器。第沘圖 所不係本發明之另一實施環境。如圖所示，第一網路⑽亦 為區域網路，而本發明所實施的界面裝置300即為同時銜 接此一、、、同路1〇〇、2〇〇的路由器。上述本發明所實施的界面裝 置句為例不，基本上可以是任何銜接兩個網路⑽、細的界 面裝置，而從外觀上這個界面裝置至少具有兩個分別銜接這 兩個網路_、2⑽的實體埠口。為了簡化起見，以下是以第 2a圖所示的環境來說明本發明，但其内容均可適用於第沘 圖或其他類似的實施環境裡。以下請同時參照第〜圖，其中 所示係本方法之一流程步驟。 所謂「本方法實施於此界面裝置内」的意思是，此界面 裝置的控制㈣，除了其本身路由器、寬頻數據機、或是IP 分享器的魏之外，還具備本方法所提供的功能。另外，本 發明所實施的界面裝置還需要具備—個從第一網路刚可以 9 1262672 連結到此界面裝置的固定的網路地址。這個固定的網路地址 可以是一個固定的IP位址（例如當界面裝置與第一網路100 是採專線、或固接式的ADSL連結）、或是一個固定的網域名 稱（但這個網域名稱所對應的IP位址可以是浮動的）。藉由 這個固定的網路地址，使用者可以從與第一網路100有連結 的任一運算裝置110,以一適當的通訊協定經由連結與登入本 方法所提供的一個操作界面。 在本發明的一個實施例裡，這個操作界面是一個網頁界 面，而使用者是透過運算裝置110上的瀏覽器程式，經由 Η T T P通訊協定連結到此網頁界面。在本發明的另一個實施例 裡，這個操作界面是一個文字界面，而使用者是透過運算裝 置110上的終端機程式，經由TELNET通訊協定連結到此文 字界面。運算裝置110可以是各種形式的電腦（如筆記型電 腦、桌上型電腦、伺服器電腦）、個人數位助理（PDA)、甚 至是各種形式的手機（這時第一網路100係一行動數據網 路）。基本上任何能以適當的通訊協定經由第一網路100與界 面裝置建立連結、具備有一與界面裝置所提供的操作界面相 容的應用程式的裝置，都是本方法所接受的運算裝置110。為 了安全起見，使用者一般會被要求輸入合法的使用者名稱、 密碼（身份認證資料）來登入到此一操作界面，而在經過驗 證之後，使用者才能開始使用此操作界面。而為了避免使用 1262672 者名稱和密碼在傳輸過程中被截收，前述所稱的通訊協定可 以具有適當的加密的功能（例如HTTPS協定）。 操作界面的主要功能是供使用者指定至少一台位於第二 區域網路200内、支援網路喚醒的電腦210的MAC位址。在 本方法的一個實施例裡，使用者是以手動輸入的方式鍵入要 開機電腦210的MAC位址。在本方法的另一個實施例裡，所 有第二區域網路200内、支援網路喚醒的電腦都可以被賦予 一個名稱，然後這些名稱和它們對應電腦的MAC位址都事先 記錄在一個呈現於操作界面的電腦列表中，使用者是點選列 表中所要開機的電腦210的名稱，而非直接輸入其MAC位 址，以此來減輕使用者記憶MAC位址的負擔。 使用者指定完所要開機的電腦210後，本方法即依照此 MAC位址準備網路喚醒封包、並將之包裝成網路第二層的訊 框，並將此訊框傳送到第二區域網路200，而電腦210於收 到此網路喚醒封包後即自動開機。此一訊框可以採用電腦210 的MAC位址、或是採用一廣播訊框的位址（例如 ?FFFFFFFFFFFFf )來作為訊框的目的地位址。此一網路喚醒 封包可以是一適當的網路第三層通訊協定（例如TCP/IP、 UDP、IPX)的封包。請注意到，因為網路喚醒封包的目的地 位址必須是第二區域網路200的廣播位址，所以第二區域網 路200的廣播位址是事先設定於本方法中。本方法因此另外 1262672 提供有一個維護界面，以供使用者建立、修改、或刪除列表 中的記錄，此維護界面同時也提供其他重要資訊的設定（例 如第二區域網路200的廣播位址）。 藉由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述，係希望能更加清楚描 述本創作之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具體實 施例來對本創作之範疇加以限制。相反地，其目的是希望能 涵蓋各種改變及具相等性的安排於本創作所欲申請之專利範 _ 圍的範疇内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第la圖所示係一包含有網路喚醒封包的訊框。 第lb圖所示係網路喚醒的一個典型實施環境。 第2a圖所示係本發明之一實施環境。 第2b圖所示係本發明之另一實施環境。 第2c圖所示係本發明之一流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 子網 12 路由器 14 電腦 20 子網 22 路由器 24 電腦 100 第一網路 110 運算裝置 200 第二區域網路 210 電腦 300 界面裝置 121262672 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for turning on a computer from a remote end through a network, in particular, a method for remotely turning on a computer by using a network wake-up function. [Prior Art] Wake on LAN (WOL) is a built-in function of most computers. Computers that support Wake-on-LAN functionality usually need at least two conditions: (1) A motherboard that supports Wake-on-LAN. This motherboard has a Wake-on-LAN connection, and the basic input/output system of the motherboard (Basic Input/ The Output System (BIOS) also has related settings (such as turning the Wake-on-LAN feature on or off); (2) A network card that supports Wake-on-LAN. The network wake-up connection between the network card and the motherboard is a Cable connection, through which the network card can capture a very small amount of current from the computer's power supply to monitor the network frame when the computer is turned off. There are also some computer mainboards that integrate the network port into the motherboard, so there is no network wake-up connection and connection cable, but the principle of operation is the same. The network card that supports Wake-on-LAN is to continuously monitor whether there is a specially formatted packet (called a Network Wakeup Packet, Magic Packet) on the local area network to which it is connected when the computer is turned off. The format of this packet is packaged into the second layer of the network as shown in Figure la. As long as the network card is in any part of the packet data, a special segment is found, which contains the 'FF' (hexadecimal digit) of six consecutive bytes, and a total of sixteen times 5 1262672 afterwards. The MAC address of the network card itself, the network card will boot the computer through the cable connected to the motherboard. In this frame, the "destination MAC address" can be used to open the MAC address of the computer or the broadcast address (TFFFFFFFFFFF'). This special fragment can be included in any Layer 3 protocol packet, such as In the TCP/IP, UDP, and IPX packets, the network wake-up packet can be transmitted through a router or a switch. That is, as long as you fill in the 'FFFFFFFFFFFF丨+16 times of the MAC address of the computer you want to boot in the data section of any agreement packet, you can use the agreement to make a Wake-on-LAN packet using the agreement. The most commonly used is the UDP packet. Figure lb shows a typical implementation environment for network wake-up. As shown in the figure, the subnet 10 and the subnet 20 are respectively connected to the router 22 through the router 12, and the computer 14 located in the subnet 10 is turned on by the computer 24 located in the subnet 20 by the following steps: (1) Computer 14 First, prepare a UDP protocol network wake-up packet. The destination address of the network wake-up packet is the broadcast address of the subnet 20, and the data part thereof contains a special segment formed by the MAC address of the computer 24; The computer 14 transmits the network wake-up packet; (3) the network wake-up packet is transmitted to the router 22 via the router 12; (4) the router 22 recognizes that this is a packet broadcasted to its subnet 20, so the network The wake-up packet is packaged into a frame having a network layer 2 broadcast address and transmitted to the subnet 20 6 1262672; and (5) the network card of the computer 24 receives the broadcast frame and identifies that it is included A network wake-up packet, and the MAC address contained in the fragment is its own MAC address, so the computer 24 is automatically turned on. As can be seen from the above process, using the Wake-on-LAN to achieve remote boot requires knowing the MAC address, IP address, and subnet mask of the computer being turned on (from the IP address, and the subnet mask). The cover can derive the broadcast address of the subnet). However, in practice, the acquisition of such information may be difficult. • For example, the IP addresses used by many corporate internal computers are dynamically assigned via a DHCP server, and in external communications, the IP address is translated via the router's Network Address Translation (NAT) function. . In addition, some enterprises have blocked the network wake-up packets by setting up a firewall based on information and network security considerations. Finally, when there are multiple computers that need to be powered on remotely, remembering the MAC addresses of these computers also imposes a heavy burden on the users. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a method for improving the difficulties and inconveniences of the aforementioned conventional network wake-up function in use in today's network environment. The method proposed by the present invention is implemented in an interface device between a first network and a second regional network, the interface device having a fixed network address on the first network, the fixed network The address can be a fixed IP address (for example, when the interface device is connected to the first network, or the ADSL connection of the fixed type 7 1262672), or a fixed domain name (but the domain name corresponds to The IP address can be floating). . The method provides an operation interface for a user to connect and log in to the interface device via the first network in an appropriate communication protocol; the method then accepts the user to specify a computer in the second regional network that supports the network to wake up. The MAC address is finally configured. According to the MAC address, the method prepares the network wake-up packet and transmits the network wake-up packet to the second area network, so that the computer automatically starts after receiving the network wake-up packet. In an embodiment of the invention, the operation interface is a webpage interface, and any user can connect to the webpage by using a browser and a fixed network address of the interface device, and all the second regional networks can be networked. The computer that wakes up the road has its MAC address corresponding to the name of the good memory and is recorded in a list. The user directly selects the computer to be booted from the list of web pages, and the interface device sends the network wake-up packet on behalf of the device. And achieve the purpose of remote boot. The present invention thus solves the need to know the MAC address, IP address, ®, and subnet mask of the computer being turned on in order to utilize the Wake-on-LAN function to achieve remote booting. The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and claims. However, it is to be understood that the appended drawings are purely illustrative of the spirit of the invention, and are not considered as a definition of the invention. For the definition of the invention, please refer to the attached patent application. 8 1262672 [Embodiment] m The method proposed by the present invention is implemented in an interface between a first network and a first-area network. Figure 2a shows one of the implementations of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the first network 100, that is, the public Internet, the second area or the network 200 is the local area network of the enterprise or the home, and the interface device 3GG of the present invention is simultaneous A router that connects the two networks 1GG, 2GG, a broadband data machine (such as an ADSL modem, or a Cable modem), or an lp sharer between the broadband data machine and the regional network. The drawings are not intended to be another implementation of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the first network (10) is also a regional network, and the interface device 300 implemented by the present invention is a router that simultaneously connects the first, the same, and the same. The above interface device implemented by the present invention is not limited to any two interfaces (10) and a thin interface device. In appearance, the interface device has at least two networks respectively connected to the network _, 2 (10) physical import. For the sake of simplicity, the invention will be described below in the context of Fig. 2a, but the contents thereof may be applied to a third embodiment or other similar implementation environment. Please refer to the figure below for the following, which shows one of the process steps of this method. The phrase "the method is implemented in the interface device" means that the control (4) of the interface device has the functions provided by the method in addition to its own router, broadband data machine, or IP sharer. In addition, the interface device implemented by the present invention also needs to have a fixed network address that is connected to the interface device from the first network just 9 1262672. The fixed network address can be a fixed IP address (for example, when the interface device is connected to the first network 100, or a fixed ADSL connection), or a fixed domain name (but this network) The IP address corresponding to the domain name can be floating). With this fixed network address, the user can connect to and access an operational interface provided by the method from any of the computing devices 110 associated with the first network 100 in an appropriate communication protocol. In one embodiment of the present invention, the user interface is a web interface, and the user is connected to the web interface via a browser program on the computing device 110 via a T T P communication protocol. In another embodiment of the invention, the operator interface is a text interface, and the user is coupled to the text interface via a TELNET protocol via a terminal program on computing device 110. The computing device 110 can be various forms of computers (such as notebook computers, desktop computers, server computers), personal digital assistants (PDAs), and even various forms of mobile phones (at this time, the first network 100 is a mobile data network) road). Basically, any device capable of establishing a connection with an interface device via the first network 100 via an appropriate communication protocol and having an application interface compatible with the interface provided by the interface device is the computing device 110 accepted by the method. For security reasons, the user is usually required to enter a valid user name and password (identity authentication data) to log in to the operation interface, and after verification, the user can start using the operation interface. In order to avoid the use of the 1262672 name and password to be intercepted during transmission, the aforementioned communication protocol may have appropriate encryption functions (such as the HTTPS protocol). The main function of the operation interface is for the user to specify the MAC address of at least one computer 210 that is located in the second local area network 200 and supports network wake-up. In one embodiment of the method, the user enters the MAC address of the computer 210 to be booted by manual input. In another embodiment of the method, all computers in the second local area network 200 that support network wake-up can be given a name, and then the names and MAC addresses of their corresponding computers are recorded in advance in a In the computer list of the operation interface, the user selects the name of the computer 210 to be powered on in the list, instead of directly inputting the MAC address, thereby reducing the burden on the user to memorize the MAC address. After the user specifies the computer 210 to be powered on, the method prepares the network wake-up packet according to the MAC address, and packages the packet into the second layer frame of the network, and transmits the frame to the second area network. The road 200, and the computer 210 automatically starts after receiving the network wake-up packet. The frame can use the MAC address of the computer 210 or the address of a broadcast frame (for example, ?FFFFFFFFFFFFf) as the destination address of the frame. This Wake-on-LAN packet can be a packet of an appropriate network Layer 3 protocol (eg, TCP/IP, UDP, IPX). Please note that since the destination address of the Wake-on-LAN packet must be the broadcast address of the second local area network 200, the broadcast address of the second local area network 200 is previously set in the method. The method thus provides a maintenance interface for the user to create, modify, or delete records in the list. The maintenance interface also provides settings for other important information (eg, the broadcast address of the second regional network 200). . The features and spirit of the present invention are more clearly described in the above detailed description of the preferred embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the preferred embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, the purpose is to cover a variety of changes and equivalence arrangements within the scope of the patent application to be applied for in this creation. [Simple description of the diagram] Figure la shows a frame containing a network wake-up packet. Figure lb shows a typical implementation environment for network wake-up. Figure 2a shows an implementation environment of the present invention. Figure 2b shows another embodiment of the invention. Figure 2c is a flow chart of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 Subnet 12 Router 14 Computer 20 Subnet 22 Router 24 Computer 100 First network 110 Computing device 200 Second area network 210 Computer 300 Interface device 12