!262272 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種流體動壓軸承，尤係一種流體動壓軸承之流道结 構。 【先前技術】 現階段，流體動壓軸承已被越來越多地應用至小形馬達中。流體 動壓軸承一般包括一輛套、一位於軸套内並與軸套間存在—定間隔之 主軸及間隔地設置於軸套或主軸上之壓力産生槽，其中，該間隔内存 儲有潤滑流體。當主軸和軸套間具有一定之相對運轉速度時，在主軸 和軸套間形成一定之潤滑流體層，由於壓力産生槽之作用，該潤滑流 體層對主軸産生一定之壓力，支撐主軸旋轉，使主軸在運轉過程中産 生之振動較小，運轉穩定，且主軸旋轉時和軸承不直接接觸，從而防 止磨彳貝和°呆音’延長轴承之使用壽命。 壓力産生槽係影響流體動壓軸承性能之重要指標，習知之流體動 壓軸承之壓力産生槽一般採用“人，，字形溝槽，第一圖所示爲該 ‘‘人’’字形溝槽100之圓周展開圖。當主軸旋轉時，潤滑油從“人，， 字幵》溝槽100之上、下邊緣102、104流向中部之交叉區域108，在該 交叉區域108産生較大之壓力，使主軸懸浮在潤滑油中，處於較爲穩 定之運轉狀態。惟，由於“人”字形溝槽之上、下邊緣1〇2、1〇4用於 分流之溝槽數目較少，使潤滑流體向外泄漏之機會較大。因此，業界 希望設計出一種具較好分流效果、能有效防止潤滑油泄露之流體動壓 軸承。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的係提供一種具有改進之防漏效果之流體動壓軸承。 本發明流體動壓軸承’包括可相對轉動之二支撐面，其中一支撐 面包括設置有流道之第一流道區和第二流道區，該第一流道區包括複 數間隔排列之第一流道及第二流道，第二流道區包括複數間隔排列之 1262272 第三流道及第四流道，任一第一流道與相鄰之一第二流道相交于第一 流道區遠離該第二流道區之一邊，任一第三流道與相鄰之一第四流道 相交於第二流道區遠離該第一流道區之一邊。 該動壓軸承工作時，位於第一、第二流道和第三、第四流道相交 處之潤滑流體可經過各流道分流，在其相交處形成較習知技術更低之 低壓區，故防漏效果更理想。 【實施方式】 下面參照附圖結合實施例對本發明作進一步之說明。 請參閱第二圖和第三圖，本發明流體動壓軸承包括一轉軸20及一 軸套30 ’該流體動壓軸承二相對運動之支撐面，即轉軸20之外表面與 軸套30之内表面之間設有潤滑流體，軸套30之内表面設有用於引導 潤滑流體之流道結構10。該流道結構10也可設置於轉軸20之外表面。 潤滑流體在軸承20及軸套30之間産生動態之壓力分佈，用於支撐轉 軸20在軸套30中旋轉。軸套30之内表面設有第一流道區11和第二 流道區12，流道結構10分佈於該第一、第二流道區n、12，第一、 第二流道區11、12有一分界線18。 第一流道區11包括複數間隔排列之第一流道13和第二流道14。 各第一流道13及各第二流道14分別相互平行，第一流道13和第二流 道14分別沿分界線18向上傾斜一定角度，與分界線18間形成互不相 等之夾角’使任一第一流道13與相鄰之一第二流道14相交于第一流 道區11之上緣或下緣。 第二流道區12包括複數間隔排列之第三流道15及第四流道16， 各第三流道15、各第四流道16分別相互平行，第三流道15和第四流 迢16分別沿分界線18向下傾斜一定角度，其傾斜方向分別與第一流 迢13及第二流道14之傾斜方向相對，與分界線18間形成互不相等之 夾角，使任一第三流道15與相鄰之一第四流道16相交於第二流道區 12之上緣或下緣。 ⑽2272 I流道與分界線18之失条 定值時，各流道之邊線爲直值或—逐漸變化之值，當其爲 A ”、泉㊂其爲一逐漸變化之值時，各流嗜2 使第-、第二、占、酋弟13 "IL道區U之下緣和第二流道區12之上緣相連， 第四流道二Γ在第=、=—流道區11下緣之相交區域和第三、 連通，形成-集編712—上_緣之相父區域在流道結構10中部 淹道區12對應之一個第三、^弟一流遺& 11之弟一流道13與第二 道區u之第二流道14_：X15「連通:成一人字形流道；第-流 形成另一人如、、以 、1通區12對應之一個第四流道16連通， 之兩個人字形流ϋ鄰在=====;人字形流道與前後 網狀結構。有之人予形流道都與其相鄰之流道連通，形成一 流道__流_—_11之上緣和第二 第— 緣机向流道結構1。中部之集流區17。具體而言，位於 14、/ΓΓ° U上緣之潤滑流體經過各相交之第—流道13和第二流道 第 木流區17 ;位於第二流道區12下緣之潤滑流體經過各相交之 产⑽第四流道16流向集越17，在集流區17 «高壓區， 二、亡匈之麼力’支樓轉轴運轉。同時，在第-流道區11之上緣和第 ^成低壓區。由於低壓區之潤滑流體能夠經過複數 厂，相Γ叉之流道流向高壓區，使低壓區可形狀習知技術中更低之 ^壓’二而使具有該流道結構1Q之流體動壓軸承具良好之防漏效果。 如第四圖所不，本發明流道結構10也可設置於止推軸承之支撑面 上，此種情況下，坌 ^ ^ 弔一、第二流道13'、14'在止推軸承之外緣相交，第 、第四概道15、16'在止推軸承之内緣相交，當止推軸承旋轉時，潤 滑流體從止推轴承之内緣和外緣流向流道結構10中心之集流區17,， 1262272 在集流區[7産生高壓，支撐轉軸旋轉。同時，在止推部件外緣和内緣 形成低壓區，低壓區之潤滑流體經過第一、第二流道13,、^及第三、 第四流迢15'、16'之分流作用，達到良好之防漏效果。 、綜上所述’本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專利申請。惟， 以上所述者僅林㈣讀岭關，料熟悉杨狀之 羑依本發明精神所作之等致" 在 範圍内。 ，飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利 【圖式簡單說明】 fr圖爲習知之流體動私承溝槽結構之圓周展開圖。 圖爲本發明流體動料承第—實施例之局部剖視圖。 =二圖爲本發喊體動私承第-實施織道之Μ展開圖。 【主符本:=動_承另-_之平導 流道結構 10 第二流道區 12 第二流道 14、14, 第四流道 16、1。 分界線 18 軸套 30 第一流道區 11 第一流道 13、13' 第三流道 15、15' 集流區 17 > IT 轉軸 20BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid dynamic pressure bearing, and more particularly to a flow path structure of a fluid dynamic pressure bearing. [Prior Art] At this stage, fluid dynamic pressure bearings have been increasingly applied to small motors. The fluid dynamic pressure bearing generally comprises a sleeve, a main shaft located in the sleeve and spaced apart from the sleeve, and a pressure generating groove disposed on the sleeve or the spindle at intervals, wherein the interval stores the lubricating fluid . When there is a certain relative running speed between the main shaft and the sleeve, a certain lubricating fluid layer is formed between the main shaft and the sleeve. Due to the action of the pressure generating groove, the lubricating fluid layer exerts a certain pressure on the main shaft to support the rotation of the main shaft. The vibration generated by the spindle during operation is small, the operation is stable, and the spindle does not directly contact the bearing when it rotates, thus preventing the grinding of the mussel and the sound of the sound to prolong the service life of the bearing. The pressure generating groove system is an important index affecting the performance of the fluid dynamic pressure bearing. The pressure generating groove of the conventional fluid dynamic pressure bearing generally adopts "human, glyph groove, and the first figure shows the 'human' glyph 100. The circumferential development view. When the main shaft rotates, the lubricating oil flows from the "person," the groove 100 above, the lower edge 102, 104 to the middle intersection region 108, where a large pressure is generated, so that a large pressure is generated. The main shaft is suspended in the lubricating oil and is in a relatively stable operating state. However, since the number of grooves for the splitting above the "human" shaped groove and the lower edge 1〇2, 1〇4 is small, the chance of leakage of the lubricating fluid is large. Therefore, the industry hopes to design a fluid dynamic pressure bearing that has a good shunting effect and can effectively prevent lubricating oil from leaking. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid dynamic pressure bearing having an improved leakage preventing effect. The fluid dynamic bearing of the present invention includes two support surfaces that are relatively rotatable, wherein a support surface includes a first flow passage region and a second flow passage region provided with a flow passage, and the first flow passage region includes a plurality of first flow passages arranged at intervals And the second flow channel, the second flow channel region includes a plurality of 1262272 third flow channels and a fourth flow channel arranged in a plurality of intervals, and any one of the first flow channels intersects the adjacent one of the second flow channels in the first flow channel region away from the first flow channel One of the second flow passages intersects one of the adjacent third flow passages in the second flow passage region away from one of the first flow passage regions. When the dynamic pressure bearing is in operation, the lubricating fluid located at the intersection of the first and second flow passages and the third and fourth flow passages can be branched through the respective flow passages, and a low pressure region lower than the conventional technology is formed at the intersection thereof. Therefore, the leakage prevention effect is more ideal. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to the second and third figures, the fluid dynamic pressure bearing of the present invention comprises a rotating shaft 20 and a sleeve 30'. The supporting surface of the fluid dynamic bearing two relative movement, that is, the outer surface of the rotating shaft 20 and the inner surface of the sleeve 30 A lubricating fluid is provided between them, and the inner surface of the sleeve 30 is provided with a flow path structure 10 for guiding the lubricating fluid. The flow path structure 10 can also be disposed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 20. The lubricating fluid creates a dynamic pressure distribution between the bearing 20 and the sleeve 30 for supporting the rotation of the shaft 20 in the sleeve 30. The inner surface of the sleeve 30 is provided with a first flow path area 11 and a second flow path area 12, and the flow path structure 10 is distributed in the first and second flow path areas n, 12, the first and second flow path areas 11, 12 has a dividing line 18. The first flow path area 11 includes a first flow path 13 and a second flow path 14 which are arranged at a plurality of intervals. Each of the first flow channel 13 and each of the second flow channels 14 are parallel to each other, and the first flow channel 13 and the second flow channel 14 are respectively inclined upward by a certain angle along the boundary line 18, and form an unequal angle with the boundary line 18. A first flow path 13 intersects an adjacent one of the second flow paths 14 at an upper edge or a lower edge of the first flow path region 11. The second flow channel region 12 includes a third flow channel 15 and a fourth flow channel 16 arranged at a plurality of intervals. Each of the third flow channel 15 and each of the fourth flow channels 16 are parallel to each other, and the third flow channel 15 and the fourth flow channel are respectively 16 is inclined downward along the boundary line 18 by a certain angle, and the inclination direction thereof is opposite to the inclination direction of the first flow channel 13 and the second flow channel 14, respectively, and forms an unequal angle with the boundary line 18 to make any third flow. The track 15 intersects the adjacent one of the fourth flow paths 16 at the upper or lower edge of the second flow path region 12. (10) When the 2272 I flow path and the boundary line 18 are fixed, the edge of each flow path is a straight value or a gradually changing value. When it is A ”, the spring is a gradually changing value. 2 to make the first, second, occupant, Emirates 13 " lower edge of the IL zone U and the upper edge of the second runner zone 12, the fourth runner second in the =, = - runner zone 11 The intersection of the lower edge and the third, connected, forming - set 712 - upper _ edge of the father area in the middle of the flow channel structure 10 in the flood zone 12 corresponding to a third, ^ brother first-class legacy & 11 brother The track 13 and the second flow path 14_:X15 of the second zone u are "connected: a herringbone flow channel; the first flow forms a fourth flow channel 16 corresponding to another person, such as a 1-way zone 12, The two herringbone flows are adjacent to =====; the herringbone flow channel and the front and rear mesh structure. Some of the pre-shaped flow channels are connected with their adjacent flow channels to form a first-class road __流___11 The upper edge and the second first-edge machine-direction flow channel structure 1. The central flow-collecting zone 17. Specifically, the lubricating fluid at the upper edge of 14, /ΓΓ° U passes through the intersecting first-flow passages 13 and Second runner Zone 17; the lubricating fluid located at the lower edge of the second runner zone 12 passes through the intersecting production (10) the fourth runner 16 flows to the setpoint 17, in the header zone 17 «high pressure zone, second, the death of the Hungry Moore' branch At the same time, in the upper edge of the first-flow channel region 11 and the lower pressure region, since the lubricating fluid in the low-pressure region can pass through the plurality of plants, the flow channel of the phase-forked flow flows to the high-pressure region, so that the low-pressure region can be shaped. The fluid dynamic pressure bearing having the flow path structure 1Q has a good leakproof effect in the lower technology of the technology. As shown in the fourth figure, the flow path structure 10 of the present invention can also be disposed on the thrust bearing. On the support surface, in this case, the first and second flow passages 13', 14' intersect at the outer edge of the thrust bearing, and the fourth and fourth passages 15, 16' are within the thrust bearing. The edges intersect, and when the thrust bearing rotates, the lubricating fluid flows from the inner and outer edges of the thrust bearing to the collecting region 17 at the center of the flow path structure 10, and 1262272 generates a high pressure in the collecting region [7, supporting the rotation of the rotating shaft. Forming a low pressure zone at the outer edge and the inner edge of the thrust member, and the lubricating fluid in the low pressure zone passes through the first and second flow passages 13, The diversion of the third and fourth rogues 15' and 16' achieves a good anti-leakage effect. In summary, the invention conforms to the patent requirements of the invention, and the patent application is filed according to law. (4) Reading Lingguan, is expected to be familiar with Yang Xingzhi's in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. In the scope of the invention, decoration or change, should be covered in the following patent application [simple description of the schema] fr map is a known fluid The circumferential development view of the movable and concave groove structure. The figure is a partial cross-sectional view of the fluid dynamic material bearing-embodiment of the present invention. The second figure is the expanded view of the first-implementing weaving path of the shouting body.符本: = _ _ _ _ another flat channel structure 10 second channel area 12 second channel 14, 14, the fourth channel 16, 1. Boundary line 18 Bushing 30 First runner zone 11 First runner 13, 13' Third runner 15, 15' Collecting zone 17 > IT shaft 20