TWI260232B - Fixer for water-storing valve of skull - Google Patents

Fixer for water-storing valve of skull Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI260232B
TWI260232B TW093117250A TW93117250A TWI260232B TW I260232 B TWI260232 B TW I260232B TW 093117250 A TW093117250 A TW 093117250A TW 93117250 A TW93117250 A TW 93117250A TW I260232 B TWI260232 B TW I260232B
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Prior art keywords
skull
water storage
water
valve
storage valve
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TW093117250A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW200600129A (en
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Chao-Jan Wang
Wen-Hua Guo
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Chao-Jan Wang
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M27/00—Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
    • A61M27/002—Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another
    • A61M27/006—Cerebrospinal drainage; Accessories therefor, e.g. valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02—Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02—Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A61M2025/0213—Holding devices, e.g. on the body where the catheter is attached by means specifically adapted to a part of the human body

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

This invention is one kind of fixer for water-storing valve of skull. By a technology of indirectly installing a water-storing valve on a skull via a fixer in this invention, the water-storing valve can be easily fixed on the skull. The fixer disclosed in this invention is mainly related to a screwed part on the external edge of the fixer directly screwed with the skull. Combining the water-storing valve on the fixer contributes the water-storing valve to connect with the ventricle of the brain inside the skull. It can ensure the fixed position thereof even after a long time.

Description

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五、發明說明（1) 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種頭骨貯水閥固定器，特別是有一 種配合貯水閥使用，並可使貯水閥透過該固 =壯二一 。丨， ' 文衣於Μ 骨之技術。 、 【先前技術】V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a skull storage valve holder, and particularly to a use of a water storage valve, and allows the water storage valve to pass through the solid state. Hey, 'the technique of literary clothing in the bones. [Prior Art]

按，由於人體的腦部、胸腔與腹腔等器官，於正常狀 況下會排出水份，以達到控制人體新陳代謝的功能，以使 人體可以正常運作；一般人腦每天均會產生一定量的水 份，約4 0 0 cc左右，而一個健康的人可自動將腦室所產生的 水份排出，避免屯積於腦中，然而當有人因病變、撞擊或' 受傷等因素，導致腦部受損，神經血管因受傷或排水絨I 顆粒阻基而使腦部無法將所產生的水份排出，造成腦水腫 情況’而人體的腦部因内部壓力持續增大，會使病情持續 惡化，故需要透過一貯水閥裝置在頭骨，將水份引流至身 體其他器官，排出體外。According to the human body's brain, chest and abdominal cavity, the water will be discharged under normal conditions to achieve the function of controlling the body's metabolism, so that the human body can operate normally; the human brain will produce a certain amount of water every day. About 400 cc, and a healthy person can automatically discharge the water produced by the ventricle to avoid hoarding in the brain. However, when someone suffers from brain damage due to factors such as lesions, impact or 'injury, nerves The blood vessels are unable to discharge the water generated by the blood vessels due to injury or the drainage of the spleen I particles, resulting in cerebral edema. The brain's brain continues to increase due to internal pressure, which requires a continuous deterioration. The water storage valve is installed in the skull to drain water to other organs of the body and excreted.

如中華民國新型專利公告第4 4 7 3 0 9號「腦水腫分流裝 置」，前公開專利揭示一種腦水腫分流裝置之流量閥，其 主要係由兩中空硬質的半閥體所共同組成，於兩半闕體外 共同包覆有一外套層，於兩半閥體異於朝向彼此的一端分 別凸沒形成一連接管；又於一半閥體内設置有一可用以封 閉另一半閥體的活塞。 目前醫界為解決腦水腫現象，係將前公開專利所述之 流量閥（貯水閥）固定在頭骨，如「第1圖」及「第2圖J所 示，透過貯水閥7 〇下方接設延伸管7 1伸入腦室，另〆端則For example, the Republic of China New Patent Announcement No. 4 4 7 3 9 "brain edema shunt device", the prior publication discloses a flow valve of a cerebral edema shunt device, which is mainly composed of two hollow hard semi-valve bodies, The two halves are co-coated with a jacket layer, and the two valve bodies are respectively protruded from one end facing each other to form a connecting tube; and half of the valve body is provided with a piston which can be used to close the other half of the valve body. At present, in order to solve the cerebral edema phenomenon, the medical system fixes the flow valve (water storage valve) described in the prior patent to the skull, as shown in "Fig. 1" and "Fig. 2J, through the water storage valve 7 The extension tube 7 1 extends into the ventricle, and the other end is

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五、發明說明V. Description of the invention

接-排，州，並將排流f72拉引至患者的腹腔，如此患 者的肠至所產生的水份透過貯水閥7G及排流管72排至其腹 腔或胸腔或右心房’來達到協助患者將水份排丨，並避免 發生腦水腫的現象’而貯水閱7G固定在頭f73的技術係直 接在頭骨73部位開設一可供裝置貯水閥7〇的開口 了4，並於 開口 74周圍再穿設三個斜孔75，藉由連接線76穿過這三個 斜孔75及貯水閥70周緣的穿孔77，將整個貯水閥7〇綁設連 結於頭月7 3上，事貫上，這種習知固定貯水閥7 〇的方式， 在手術進行過程中會衍生相當多的問題：Connect-discharge, state, and pull the drainage f72 into the abdominal cavity of the patient, so that the patient's intestine to the generated water is discharged through the reservoir valve 7G and the drainage tube 72 to the abdominal cavity or chest or right atrium to assist The patient drains the water and avoids the phenomenon of cerebral edema, and the technical department of the water storage 7G fixed in the head f73 opens an opening 4 for the device storage valve 7 at the skull 73, and around the opening 74. Then, three inclined holes 75 are inserted through the connecting holes 76 through the three inclined holes 75 and the through holes 77 at the periphery of the water storage valve 70, and the entire water storage valve 7 is tied and connected to the first month of the seventh month. This method of fixing the water storage valve 7 衍生 will cause quite a lot of problems during the operation:

(1)在手術過程中，醫師要在患者的頭骨上鑽斜孔或直 孔後穿針弓丨線的手術相當不易，對於患者而言，無疑相對 提高生命安全的風險。 (2) 或以縫線固定貯水閥於鄰近結締組織的安裝方式， 缝合覆盖該處之頭皮，容易造成貯水閥之扭曲移位，影響 整個引流系統之功能，在操作上較不容易，且容易拖延手 術時間’影響到患者手術的風險。 (3) 這種解決腦水腫的手術完成後，是要將貯水閥永久 的固定在頭骨内，讓頭皮長出後會覆蓋在貯水閥的外表 面’所以貯水閥會結合於腦部，因此貯水閥的定位穩固與 否係相當重要，但頭骨於開刀後會生長位移或系統之彳丨流 管賦彈性，此將會影響到貯水閥的固定位置，若是發生貯 水閥移位的問題，導致貯水閥導管會排水功能不良，因而 失去最主要的排水功能，患者引發腦水腫病症治療效果不 彰，為本發明之所欲解決之重要課題。(1) During the operation, it is quite difficult for the doctor to drill the oblique or straight hole after drilling the oblique hole in the patient's skull. For the patient, the risk of life safety is undoubtedly relatively high. (2) Or fixing the water storage valve in the adjacent connective tissue by suture, suturing the scalp covering the place, easily causing the distortion of the water storage valve, affecting the function of the entire drainage system, is not easy to operate, and easy Delaying the operation time 'affects the risk of surgery for the patient. (3) After the operation to solve cerebral edema is completed, the water storage valve is permanently fixed in the skull, so that the scalp will cover the outer surface of the water storage valve when it grows out. Therefore, the water storage valve will be integrated into the brain, so the water is stored. Whether the positioning of the valve is stable or not is very important, but the skull will grow displacement after the knife is opened or the turbulent tube of the system will be elastic, which will affect the fixed position of the water storage valve. If the displacement of the water storage valve occurs, the water storage will be caused. The valve catheter will have poor drainage function, thus losing the most important drainage function, and the treatment effect of the patient's cerebral edema disease is not obvious, which is an important problem to be solved by the invention.

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五、發明說明（3) 【發明内容】 本發明的主要目的在 固確實的安裝 巧：-種使貯水閥透過固定器穩 太鉻㈤q 且女I過程簡易快速。 本舍所揭露的技術年 螺紋部直接螺合於頭骨1係透過一固定器在外緣設有 合固定、、月，再以連接線將貯水閥與固定器結 水閥盘1S私二水間能藉由固定器穩固的定位於頭骨並供貯 N网與頭骨内腦室連結。 式1::ΐ ^明的較佳實施例及詳細技術内容，茲配合圖 八5兄明如後。 【貫施方式】 #本發明所揭露的頭骨貯水閥固定器，用以將貯水閥固 二二，1之固定器，如「第3圖」所示，本發明的頭骨貯水 二1疋為中’貯水閥1 0係由兩中空的上、下閥體1 1 、1 2所 1同組成’上、下閥體11、1 2之外緣分佈設有複數個穿孔 ’ι於下闊體1 2的底部延伸凸設有一進水管1 2 1，而上閥體 11貝丨為一出水管1 11，透過貯水閥1 0之進水管1 2 1將腦部中 j水份吸入’再由出水管1 1 1將水份排出至人體腹部，由於 貝現貯水閥1 〇的方式係可透過許多已知的技術加以完成， 其非本發明的討論標的，故不贅言。 而本發明用於固定貯水閥1 〇的固定器2 0，主要係於該 固定器20之上緣向外延伸有一頂緣21，該頂緣21上穿設有 複數個穿孔2 11，該穿孔2 11係為L形狀的貫穿設計，並相對 配置於貯水閥1 0的穿孔丨3位置，用以供該貯水閥1 0固接其 上’該固定器2 〇外緣設有一螺紋部2 2，該螺紋部2 2具有第V. INSTRUCTIONS (3) [Disclosure] The main object of the present invention is to ensure the installation of the valve: the type of the water storage valve is stabilized by the holder through the holder, and the process of the female I is simple and quick. The threaded part of the technical year disclosed in this house is directly screwed into the skull 1 series through a fixture to fix and seal on the outer edge, and then the connection valve will be used to connect the water storage valve and the fixture to the valve disc 1S. It is firmly positioned on the skull by the fixture and is connected to the ventricle of the skull by the N mesh. The preferred embodiment and detailed technical content of Equation 1: 配合 明 兹 兹 兹 兹 兹 。 。 。 。 。 5 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 [Cross-application method] # The skull storage valve holder disclosed in the present invention is used for fixing the water storage valve to the holder of the second and second, as shown in "Fig. 3", the skull storage water of the present invention is two The water storage valve 10 is composed of two hollow upper and lower valve bodies 1 1 and 1 2, and the outer edges of the upper and lower valve bodies 11 and 1 2 are provided with a plurality of perforations '1 for the lower body 1 2 The bottom of the bottom body is provided with a water inlet pipe 1 2 1, and the upper valve body 11 is a water outlet pipe 11. The water inlet pipe 1 2 1 of the water storage valve 10 sucks the water in the brain into the water outlet. 1 1 1 The water is discharged to the abdomen of the human body. Since the way of the water storage valve 1 is able to be completed by many known techniques, it is not the subject of discussion of the present invention, so it is not to be said. The holder 20 for fixing the water storage valve 1 is mainly disposed on the upper edge of the holder 20 and has a top edge 21 extending outwardly. The top edge 21 is provided with a plurality of perforations 2 11 . 2 11 is an L-shaped penetrating design, and is disposed opposite to the position of the perforated crucible 3 of the water storage valve 10 for fixing the water storage valve 10 to the upper portion of the holder 2; the outer edge of the holder 2 is provided with a thread portion 2 2 The threaded portion 2 2 has the first

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1260232 五、發明說明（4) 端221及第二端222，且第一端221直徑大於第二端222直 位 俾使该螺紋部2 2弟一端2 2 2的直徑較小呈微錐狀，用以 螺β於頭骨6 〇 ’且於螺紋部2 2的外表面設有複數個不規則 分佈的孔穴22 3，另外該固定器20内設有一容置部23，該容 置部23之形狀承接配合於貯水閥丨〇的下閥體丨2，以供該貯 水閥1 0置入，且於容置部23的底部接續貫穿設有一卡掣部 2 一4 ’该卡掣部2 4實施為一内六角，以搭配操作工具（圖中未 示）配合卡掣部2 4以帶動該固定器2 〇旋轉，使該固定器2 〇外 =螺紋部22能螺合於頭骨60並固接其上，再將貯水閥1〇 …口於固定斋2 0上，以供貯水閥1 〇與頭骨6 〇内腦室連結。 整個的安裝結構及方式請配合參閱「第4圖」及「第5 圖；所示，首先在頭骨6〇進行手術開設一孔61，該孔61之 略小於固定器20第一端221的外徑，固定器20透過螺纹 觸其錐狀設計，所以比較容易置入頭骨6。的孔61中'?藉文 =固定器2G可以直接旋人螺接頭骨6()，而旋人頭骨6〇的 工具3〇(£「第6圖」），該操作工具30的 二’、配δ固疋态20為—專用工具，故操作工具3〇亦設有 目，於固定器20容置部23之配合塊31，並續而延伸為一 固端32 ’該操作工具30的板動端32係能伸人 的卡擎部24’藉以帶動固定器2。可產生旋轉，進 而使紋部22能旋入頭骨6〇達其螺合固定之定位結構。進 孔Ξ定㈣已旋人固定在頭骨6G±，貯水閥10的穿 40=ΐ應!固定器2〇的穿孔川，手術過程中再以連接線 刀牙過貝丁水間10及固定器20的穿孔13、211，使貯水間1260232 V. Inventive Description (4) The end 221 and the second end 222, and the first end 221 has a larger diameter than the second end 222, so that the diameter of the threaded portion 2 2 2 2 2 is smaller and slightly tapered. A plurality of irregularly distributed holes 22 3 are provided on the outer surface of the threaded portion 2 2 , and a receiving portion 23 is formed in the holder 20 . The shape of the receiving portion 23 is provided. The lower valve body 2 is fitted to the water storage valve , for the water storage valve 10 to be inserted, and a snap portion 2 is formed in the bottom of the accommodating portion 23. The inner hexagon is matched with an operating tool (not shown) to engage the latch portion 24 to drive the holder 2 to rotate, so that the holder 2 can be screwed to the skull 60 and fixed. On the other hand, the water storage valve 1 is placed on the fixed fasting 20 to connect the water storage valve 1 to the inner ventricle of the skull 6 。. Please refer to "4th" and "5th figure" for the whole installation structure and method. First, a hole 61 is opened in the skull 6,. The hole 61 is slightly smaller than the first end 221 of the holder 20. The diameter and the retainer 20 are designed to be tapered by the thread, so it is easier to insert into the hole 61 of the skull 6. 'Bid = the holder 2G can directly screw the screw joint bone 6 (), and the human skull 6〇 The tool 3〇 (£ “figure 6”), the second tool of the operating tool 30, the δ solid state 20 is a special tool, so the operating tool 3〇 is also provided with a mesh in the holder 20 housing 23 The mating block 31 extends continuously into a solid end 32'. The latching end 32 of the operating tool 30 is a retractable latching portion 24' for driving the retainer 2. Rotation can be produced, so that the ridge 22 can be screwed into the skull 6 to achieve its screw-fixed positioning structure. The entrance hole is fixed (4) has been fixed in the skull 6G ±, the water storage valve 10 is worn 40 = ΐ should be! The fixer 2 〇 perforated Chuan, during the operation, the connecting line knife over the Beiding water 10 and the fixer 20 perforations 13, 211, so that the water storage room

12602321260232

1 0與固定器2 〇綁緊結合，貯水閥丨〇即可透過固定器2 〇之設 置，簡易快速的安裝於頭骨6 〇並緊密結合，而手術過後的 頭骨6 〇會繼續生長，所以頭骨6 〇與固定器2 〇的螺紋部2 2會 ^合得更緊密，而且部分頭骨6 〇在生長時，更會伸入螺紋 部22上的孔穴2 2 3，更加使固定器2〇不會發生脫離或移位於 頭骨6 〇安裝的位置，所以貯水閥丨〇其下閥體丨2的進水管1 2工 延伸連接管5 0至腦室的位置，再長的時間也不會因頭骨6 〇 ^長而發生偏移之顧慮，貯水閥丨〇的水份可順利透過上閥 秩11之排水孔1 1 1延伸連接管5 〇至人體腹部排出，達到確實 曰病患解決腦水腫的問題。 、 熟采准以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，舉凡 後：1匕項技藝之專業人士，纟瞭解本發明的技術手段之 固自然能依據實際的需要，在本發明之教導下將所謂的 等=力σ以變化。因此凡依本發明申請專利範圍所作之均 ，、修飾，皆應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。10 0 is combined with the anchor 2 〇, the water storage valve 丨〇 can be easily and quickly installed on the skull 6 〇 through the setting of the fixer 2 紧密 and tightly combined, and the skull 6 〇 will continue to grow after the operation, so the skull 6 〇 and the threaded portion 2 2 of the holder 2 会 will be closer together, and when the skull 6 〇 is growing, it will protrude into the hole 2 2 3 on the threaded portion 22, and the holder 2 will not be The detachment or movement occurs at the position where the skull is installed. Therefore, the water storage valve 丨〇 the inlet pipe of the lower valve body 丨 2 extends the position of the connection pipe 50 to the ventricle, and the long time is not due to the skull 6 〇^Long and the deviation occurs, the water in the water storage valve can smoothly pass through the drainage hole 1 1 1 of the upper valve rank 11 and extend the connection tube 5 to the abdomen of the human body to achieve the problem of cerebral edema. . The above-mentioned ones are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the technical means of the present invention according to actual needs, in the present invention. The so-called equal = force σ is changed by the teaching. Therefore, all the modifications and modifications made in the scope of the patent application of the present invention should remain within the scope of the present invention.

第9頁 1260232 圖式簡單說明 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖，為習知貯水閥固定於頭骨之立體圖。 第2圖，為習知貯水閥固定於頭骨之平面結構圖。 第3圖，為本發明貯水閥與固定器之立體分解圖。 第4圖，為本發明貯水閥透過固定器結合定位於頭骨之結構 圖。 第5圖，為本發明實施於腦部之示意圖。 第6圖，為本發明以操作工具帶動固定器之使用狀態示意 圖。 【圖式符號說明】 10 .....................貯水閥 11、1 2............上、下閥體 111 ...............出水管 121 ...............進水管 13 .....................穿孔 20 .....................固定器 21 .....................頂緣 211 ...............穿孔 22 .....................螺紋部 221 ...............第一端 22 2 ...............第二端 2 2 3 ...............子L穴 23 .....................容置部 2 4 .....................卡掣部Page 9 1260232 Brief description of the drawing [Simple description of the drawing] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional water storage valve fixed to the skull. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the structure of a conventional water storage valve fixed to a skull. Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the water storage valve and the holder of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a structural view showing the water storage valve of the present invention coupled to the skull through a fixing device. Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the implementation of the present invention in the brain. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the fastener by the operating tool of the present invention. [Description of Symbols] 10 .....................Water Storage Valves 11, 1 2............ Upper and Lower Valves Body 111 ...............Outlet pipe 121 ...............Inlet pipe 13 ............ .........Perforation 20 .....................Retainer 21 ............... ... top edge 211 ...............perforation 22 ..................... threaded portion 221 ...............first end 22 2 ............... second end 2 2 3 ......... ... sub-L hole 23 ..................... accommodating part 2 4 .............. ....... card department

第10頁 1260232Page 10 1260232

第11頁Page 11

Claims (1)

1260232 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種頭骨貯水閥固定器，係用以將貯水閥固設於頭骨之 、 固定器，其特徵在於： : 該固定器上緣向外延伸一頂緣，該頂緣上穿設有至少 -一個穿孔，用以供貯水閥固接，該固定器外緣設有一螺紋 部，用以接合固定頭骨，該固定器内設有一容置部，用以 供該貯水閥下緣置入，該容置部底部貫穿設有一卡掣部， 該卡掣部係用以帶動該固定器，使該固定器外緣之螺紋固 接頭骨，並供貯水閥與頭骨内腦室連結。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之頭骨貯水閥固定器，其中該 ~ 螺紋部具有第一端及第二端，且第一端直徑大於第二端直 徑。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之頭骨貯水閥固定器，其中該 卡掣部為一多邊形穿孔。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之頭骨貯水閥固定器，其中該 -螺紋部之表面設有複數個孔穴。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之頭骨貯水閥固定器，其中該 穿孔為一 L形。1260232 VI. Patent Application Range 1. A skull water storage valve holder is a fixing device for fixing a water storage valve to a skull, and is characterized in that: the upper edge of the holder extends outwardly with a top edge, the top edge The upper end of the fixing device is provided with at least one perforation for fixing the water storage valve. The outer edge of the fixing device is provided with a threaded portion for engaging the fixed skull. The holder is provided with a receiving portion for the water storage valve. The rim is inserted into the bottom of the accommodating portion and is provided with a latching portion for driving the retainer to screw the outer edge of the retainer to the bone and to connect the water storage valve to the inner ventricle of the skull. 2. The skull reservoir valve holder of claim 1, wherein the threaded portion has a first end and a second end, and the first end has a larger diameter than the second end. 3. The skull water reservoir retainer of claim 1, wherein the latch portion is a polygonal perforation. 4. The skull water reservoir valve of claim 1, wherein the surface of the threaded portion is provided with a plurality of holes. 5. The skull water reservoir valve of claim 1, wherein the perforation is an L shape. 第12頁Page 12
TW093117250A 2004-06-16 2004-06-16 Fixer for water-storing valve of skull TWI260232B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9802028B2 (en) 2011-10-04 2017-10-31 Renishaw (Ireland) Limited Neurosurgical apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9802028B2 (en) 2011-10-04 2017-10-31 Renishaw (Ireland) Limited Neurosurgical apparatus
US10610674B2 (en) 2011-10-04 2020-04-07 Renishaw (Ireland) Limited Neurosurgical apparatus

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