TWI254598B - Apparatus for inductive and resistive heating of an object - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for heating a flowable material comprises a core having a passageway formed therein for the communication of the flowable material, and an electric element coiled in multiple turns against the core in a helical pattern. The electric element, in use, heats the core both resistively and inductively. The electric element has no auxiliary cooling capacity. The electric element may be installed against the outside of the core, with an optional ferromagnetic yoke installed over it, or it may be installed against the inside of the core, embedded in a wear-resistant liner. The yoke and liner may be metallic material deposited such as by hot-spray technology and finished smooth.

Description

1254598 发明, the invention description: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to a heating object and a symbol § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § § Device. The present invention is particularly suitable for heating large tubular bodies, such as the barrels and nozzles of machines (e.g., extrusion, v^, and injection molding machines) for processing molten materials (e.g., plastic and metal). [Prior Art] The tea is shown in the figure, and the figure shows a typical resistance plus teaching circuit 10 according to the prior art. A power source 12 can provide no up to 4 dry wide or straight parent voltage (substantially line frequency) to the heater coil 14, which is wound around a heated object and in close proximity to the object. Basically, the heater coil 14 is composed of a resistor element and is provided with an insulating layer 18 to prevent short circuit. Alternatively, it is common practice to wrap the entire heater coil in a cover 16 to form a modular electrical heating sub-assembly. As for how to supply thermal energy to a substance and raise the temperature of the heated object to m, there are many examples in the prior art. Most of these examples use resistors or ohmic heat generators that provide mechanical and thermal communication with the object to be heated. < Resistance heater is currently used by households ^1, ☆ The main method used to induce corpse V. The resistance heat is derived from the ohmic or resistive losses that occur when the motor passes through the wire. The heat generated by the resistive heating crying coil must be transmitted to the workpiece in a conductive or radiative manner. The use and construction of electrical resistance heaters is well known and, in most cases, easier to use and less expensive than inductive heaters. Most resistance heaters are made of coils wound in a spiral and wound around a model

〇 '89\89383 DOC -6- !254598, or make a wave loop component. The US patent No. my% issued to Jullan et al. is a typical invention using resistive earth heating. The patent describes a resistance of a thick film heater with a σ-transfer brush on the surface of a cylindrical substrate. The ohmic losses of the traces generate thermal energy. The thermal energy generated by the ohmic loss is transmitted to the sleek plastic in a nozzle to keep the plastic free flowing. Resistive heaters, although at a lower price, have several major drawbacks. Strictly matched with the variance, hot spots, oxidation of the coil, and slower temperature rise are only a few of them. In this case, the large heating power cannot exceed two (lR(max)) XRc ', where 1R(max) is equal to the maximum current that the resistance wire can carry. 'The resistance of the RC system coil. In addition, the lesser % required to heat a particular object is determined by the following equation: tR(min) = (cM Δ T) / p W), where c = the specific heat of the object ' Μ is the mass of the object, (d) The temperature required changes ΐ. In the case of t resistance heating, the total energy loss of the t 'heater wire 基本上 is substantially equal to zero 'cause the source of the source and the energy entering the coil will be converted into the hot moon &, therefore PR (l〇sses) = Hey. w U is shown in Fig. 2, which shows a typical inductive heating according to the prior art. The private circuit 30 and the Ai frequency parent power supply 32 are connected in parallel to a tuning capacitor 34. The tuning capacitor 34 compensates for the reactive losses in the load and minimizes this loss. The inductive heater coil 36 basically comprises a hollow copper member, the outer surface φ of which is provided with an electrically insulating coating 18, and the cooling fluid 39 flows within the tube. Cooling fluid 39 can flow to a cooling system 38 which removes the heat from the inductor to heat in coil 36. When the heater coil % is substantially not in contact with the object to be heated 20 through the coil 36, it will produce arrows 4〇a and 4〇b.

O:\89\89383 The magnetic flux line shown in DOC 1254598. Inductive heating is a method of heating a conductive material by alternating current (A C). We can apply an alternating current to a conductive coil (such as copper) to produce an alternating magnetic field. The alternating magnetic field induces an alternating voltage and current in a workpiece that is tightly coupled to the coil. This alternating current will create a resistive loss and heat the workpiece. Therefore, an important feature of inductive heating is that the heating element can transfer thermal energy to the conductive material without directly contacting the workpiece. When an alternating current is passed through a coil, a magnetic field that varies with the amount of current is generated. If a conductive load is placed in the coil, an eddy current will be induced inside the load. The direction of flow of the eddy current is opposite to the direction of current flow within the coil. The induced current in the load will produce a magnetic field that is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the coil to prevent the magnetic field from penetrating into the center of the load. Therefore, the eddy current is concentrated on the surface of the support body and is sharply reduced toward the center. As shown in Fig. 3A, the inductor heater coil 36 is wound around a cylindrical heat receiving body 20. The current density Jx is indicated by line 41 in the figure. This phenomenon causes almost all current to be generated in the region 22 of the cylindrical heat receiving body 20, and the substance 24 contained in the center of the heated body is not used for heat generation. This phenomenon is often referred to as the "surface effect." In this technique, the depth at which the current density in the load body drops to 37% of its maximum value is called the penetration depth (5). We can assume that all currents in the load are within the penetration depth and are used as a simplification. This simplification assumption helps to calculate the resistance of the current path in the load. The load body has an inherent resistance to the current, so heat is generated in the load. The amount of heat generated (Q) is the resistance (R), the eddy current (1) squared, and

O:\89\89383 DOC 1254598 The product of time (1) is also Q II I2Rt. In the design of inductive heating systems, penetration depth is one of the most important factors. The general formula for penetration depth 5 is: where ~= vacuum permeability coefficient Μ = relative magnetic permeability of the load Ρ = resistivity of the load / frequency of the alternating current so the 'penetration depth is a function of the three variables, Two of the variables are related to the load. These variables are the resistivity ρ of the load, the magnetic permeability μ of the load, and the frequency of the alternating current in the coil. The magnetic permeability of the vacuum is constant, equal to 4ττ xl (T7 (Weber/ampere meter). One of the main causes of the different depth of the tooth depth is how much current will flow through the body of a given size. The heat energy generated is related to the square of the eddy current (Ρ). 'We must try to increase the amount of current in the load. In the prior art, the induction heating coil consisted almost exclusively of a hollow copper tube and cooling water flowing inside the tube. The induction coil is the same as the resistance heater, and it shows a certain degree of lightning I: and the heat generation force of the gentleman and the gentleman. This phenomenon is not the property of the coil that affects all the properties of the coil, and 'when the heat inside the coil When it is raised, see 'Because the heat accumulated in the coil directly affects the efficiency of the heater. In addition, the life of the coil is severely limited. Therefore, the oxidizing fluid transfer medium of the coil material will also be promoted, and the heat energy will be converted from the unused heat. The practice used in the prior art is to use the _ induction coil to extract. According to the prior art,

O:\89\89383 DOC 1254598 is the waste heat, so the supply belt 4 reduces the overall efficiency of the inductor heating. Add active cooling devices to the system (eg 'cost and reduce reliability. Therefore, it's best to find one = wide 1 type, which not only reduces the overall complexity of the heater, but also increases system efficiency.' The technical turtle, five π ° can use the eve type coating protection line, one to block the ancient parts of the workpiece, the pull + aspect, the dish, on the one hand to provide electrical insulation. The cement, fiberglass, and pottery. In addition, the heating power supply can be classified according to the current frequency supplied to the coil. This temple system can be divided into line frequency system, motor-alternating system, solid state system, and injection m line (4) (4) system (4) (10) frequency operation This frequency can come from the power grid. This system is the lowest cost system and is basically used to heat large billets due to the large penetration depth. The lack of frequency function is the main economic advantage of this system. It is best to use the inductive heating system, which can efficiently use the line frequency, thereby reducing the overall cost of the system. U.S. Patent No. 5,799,720, issued to R.S. The nozzle assembly for conveying the sorrow metal and heating inductively. The nozzle is provided with an insulator between the wall and the induction coil, and the molten metal flows in the box structure. In the case of a hot runner plastic injection system, the tubular nozzle has an inductive heating winding wound around the outside of the nozzle. The windings are attached in series with each other. U.S. Patent No. 4,726,751, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In the high-frequency power supply g-sounding itself is heated by the induction coil, the induction coil can heat

0 \89\S9383 DOC -10- 1254598 Pass to molten plastic. A method and system for heating a fuel line is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,979,5, issued to Aarseth, which is incorporated herein by reference. The heaters have a combination of resistance heat and inductive heat, and the heat generated can be transmitted to the tube and then to the contents of the pipeline. Such an axially disposed electrical conductor is mainly used for ohmic heating and can be regarded as a resistor having an inherent resistance of a long conductor (> ιο km). Aarseth argues that using a variable frequency power supply from 〇 to 500 Hz produces some inductive heating. A device comprising a low frequency electromagnetic heater using a low voltage transformer having a shorted secondary coil is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The essence of this disclosure lies in the configuration of the primary coil and the magnet core, and the special design of the secondary enclosure. This disclosure describes a cryogenic heater in which a conventional resin molding compound is placed around the primary coil and fills the space between the iron core and the secondary tube. An inductive coil structure having a plurality of layers of windings is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,874,916, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Coils with special construction are made of individual strands' arranged in such a way that each strand occupies all possible radial positions to the same extent. U.S. Patent No. 2,1,63,993 to the disclosure of U.S. Patent No. 2,163,993, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference to the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire disclosure The 'iUt' magnetic circuit outside the circle is not closed around the coil conductor. In addition, since no part of the object is located outside the coil-shaped conductor, the conductor is produced

〇 \H9\89383 DOC 1254598 Some of the heat of resistance will be transmitted to the surrounding air, not to the objects enclosed by the conductor. British Patent No. 772,424 to Gilbert discloses one or more coils, each of which is composed of a plurality of windings surrounding a cylinder and enclosed in a two-piece housing or housing, the housing being equally The magnetized material is made and clamped around the cylinder for use in an extrusion or injection molding system. The coils can inductively heat the cylinder and the outer casing. This patent does not disclose that the coils can be heated in a f-resistive manner and that there are no details of the coil construction. We need an improved heating device which can also use the inductive heat and resistance heat generated by a heating coil located in the heating device to improve the heat energy generated by the device. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A device for heating a flowable substance is provided herein. The apparatus comprises: - a core '* having a passage through which the flowable substance can flow; and an electrical component' which is in close contact with the spiral pattern and wound around the core, the read ring. When the device is in use, it can be heated by both resistance and inductance (4). This component does not have the function of auxiliary cooling. The core is preferably made of a ferromagnetic material and has a spiral groove of electricity (d). Preferably, the core, and the periphery thereof, are provided with a T which is preferably a strong magnetic substance m which is mounted on the core or a metal substance deposited on the core. The electrical component is compliant with the trench after installation and its outer surface is preferably flush with the outer surface of the core.

〇 \89\89383.DOC -12 - 1254598 The core may have a wear pad and the electrical component may be embedded in the pad and abut against the inner face of the core. The liner can be formed by thermal spraying and forms a smooth aperture through which the flowable material can pass after processing. [Embodiment] Referring to Figure 3, there is shown a simplified schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A power source 42 provides an alternating current to a heater coil 44 which is wound around and interworks with the objects 2a & 2b. In a preferred embodiment, but not by way of limitation, the coils 44 are disposed within a trench # formed between the objects 20a and 20b and forming a closed magnetic structure. When an alternating current is applied to the coil 44, a magnetic flux line such as an arrow 4 〇 a and a valence of 4 is generated. It should be noted that there are a plurality of magnetic flux lines generated around the objects, and the two magnetic flux lines 4〇a & 4〇b are shown for simplicity. The flux lines generate eddy currents in the objects 20a and 20b to generate heat in accordance with the aforementioned surface effect principle. In a preferred embodiment, the objects 2 〇 a and 2 sen can be used to maximize the number of flux lines 4 〇 a and 4 〇 b to produce a large heat energy for the month b. In addition, the coil 44 is in thermal communication with the formation of the objects 2a and 2, so that all of the resistance heat generated by the coils is transmitted to the objects. / Please refer to FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C, which generally show another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 47° Although it is mainly a cylinder in the drawings and the discussion herein, it should be understood that the present application is a force. The "cylinder" or "tube" used in T-moon tea is not limited to a positive cylinder or a circle. The words "^^^" are used to cover any cross-sectional shape. In addition, although the bran is too little, too... In the circuit configuration exemplified herein, the power source is directly or ohmically connected, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.

0 \89\89383 DOC -13 1254598 *The range of applications includes the connection of the power supply to the heating element inductively or capacitively. A heater coil 52 is wound in a spiral manner with the core 48. In a preferred embodiment, the heater coil 52 is made of a solid metallic material such as copper or other non-magnetic conductive and thermally conductive material. Alternatively, the coil can be made of a high resistance, high temperature alloy. The use of conductors with low electrical resistance increases the electrical inductance' and thus facilitates some applications in heating. Stranded enameled wire _ :-) is a metal wire construction suitable for low resistance coils. Depending on the design, the texture of the wire and the wire can minimize the energy loss of the solid conductor due to surface effects. Surface effects are the tendency of high frequency currents to concentrate on the surface of the conductor. The lacquered wire can counteract this effect by increasing the surface area without significantly increasing the size of the conductor. The stranded enameled wire consists of thousands of thin copper wires, each of which has a diameter of about OG (H-inch, and each wire strand is provided with an electrical insulator, so that each strand becomes a separate conductor. ^ The inner Ying 49 constitutes a transmission a channel 58 of a fluid (or solid) material to be heated. In a preferred embodiment (illustrated by way of example only) 'the fluid material may be gas, water, smoldering plastic, molten gold layer, or, He is the object of the shell. The 5 turns are placed around the heater coil and are in thermal communication with it. In a preferred embodiment, the yoke 5 is preferably made of the same (: not only made of strong magnetic material The coil 52 can be disposed between the cores 50 and the grooves 54. The cores 48 and 5 are preferably in thermal communication with the heater wires to improve the heat transfer between the heater coil 52 and the core or the vehicle. 'We can at least set the appropriate spiral groove on the core or light to advance the heater coil 52 and increase the contact area.

〇 \89\89383 DOC -14 - 1254598 The large contact area of the rut increases the effect of heat transfer from the heater coil 52 to the core or yoke. A source of alternating current (not shown) having a suitable frequency is coupled in series with coil 52 to pass current through the coil. In a preferred embodiment, the frequency of the current source is selected to match the physical design of the heater. Alternatively, the frequency of the current source can be fixed (preferably around 50 to 60 Hz to reduce the cost of the heating system) while correcting the size of the core 48 and/or yoke 5 〇 and the heater coil μ, This particular frequency and most efficient heater. ",", causing the alternating current to pass through the heater coil 52 will cause the heater coil 52 to simultaneously generate a private and private resistance heating, and cause the core 48 and the yoke 5 to generate heat due to the generation of eddy currents (as described above). The diameter and wall thickness are selected so that the efficiency of the heater reaches the maximum possible. The diameter and wall thickness also determine the coil diameter with the best efficiency. We can follow the method described below and according to a specific heater design. For a variety of physical properties and performance parameters, select the diameter of the heater coil. See Figure 3C, which shows an enlarged profile of the heater coil 1〇6 and a current density map in different components. High-frequency AC current from AC current source The system/port heating is the main axis of the coil 52 or the length direction passes through the coil. The effect of this current is to form a current density curve along the cross section of the heater coil 1〇6 as shown in the figure. It will be understood that the curves 60, 60, and 56 represent the | surface effects in the respective components. For the coil w, the current density exhibited by the coil in the conductor profile is as shown by trace 60, which is the largest. Appeared in the center of the conductor 1 toward decreased exponentially outer edge of the conductor.

O:\89\89383 DOC -15 - 1254598 This is a phenomenon in which the heating coil 52 is placed in the ferromagnetic core μ and the yoke π. Figure 3c shows the current density curve in the X yoke. As mentioned before, in fact, all induced currents are confined to a surface of each member with a depth equal to 3 δ. Curve 56 shows the induced current density within core 48. At a distance from the coil center 3 (5's, substantially 1〇〇% of the current is confined within the core and can be used to generate heat. As for the curve 58, the current density in the yoke 5〇 is shown, where the shaded area 62 is shown. The current is not located in the yoke, so heat cannot be generated. The heat energy that cannot be generated in this part will reduce the overall efficiency of the heater. In this heating method, we can analyze and change various parameters of the heater design to create a high efficiency heating. These parameters include:

Ic〇ii = current of the heater coil η = number of turns of the heater coil d = diameter of the coil wire R〇 = radius of the heater coil 1 = coil length

Pcoil = specific resistance of the heater coil CC011 = specific heat of the heater coil T coil = coil density hy = thickness of the outer tube Dh = diameter of the melt channel Msubstme = magnetic permeability of the substrate ^substrate specific heat of the substrate T substrate = substrate density 〇 \89\89383 DOC -16- 1254598 / frequency of parent current △ Ding one temperature increase range, urine ® specific resistance (pe., 丨) and the main resistance heat generated in the wire coil factor. Previous techniques still believe that this heat generation phenomenon cannot be utilized and is weakened in many ways. Reduce the resistance heat by using stranded enameled wire, and then cool the coil with a suitable coolant. Women can't operate with great efficiency. In view of the above, the present invention utilizes all of the energy in the induction coil and performs process heating with this energy. In order to effectively introduce all the energy of the coil into the process 'we need to carefully select the material' and analyze the necessary conditions for the process heating, the necessary conditions of the mechanical structure, and the heating rate, according to the induction coil placed in the best position in the substrate (or depth). Times. In a purely inductive heating system, it is not possible to operate under a very small coil resistance with a large heater resistance. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the coil 52 may be a nickel-chromium alloy. The resistance is six times that of copper. Through this large resistance, the heat energy that we can produce is operated by the high-frequency induction heating equipment used in the copper coils recommended by the prior art. The currently known power supply is such that the resistor 52 can maintain the coil of the resistance heating device and must be spliced with the core and the shovel for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a material which can be sturdy at the circumference of the coil 5.2. The coil insulator 53 must also be a good heat conductor to the yoke and the core. We can easily obtain a good _ 2 weeks (five) for a dielectric insulating coating 53. Allowing heat to pass from coil 52 for good dielectric properties and excellent thermal conductivity

〇 \89\89383 DOC -17- 1254598 If the structural members are heated, I, ^ _ only the low-component components in the ladder. Both the impedance and the inductive heating method will produce a thermal gradient..., the gradient % π and the combination of the two heating methods will significantly reduce the heat at the first power, but the orbital object... in: 70 pieces of heat Although the temperature. Zeng Shi a piece of this after a period of time began to heat the V to the human surface layer. This 埶 delay 顼袠 ',,, late U will appear on the surface of the material to produce a larger surface of the warm object will be due to dynamic _ "^ (four) ^ stress. The same as the 'inductive heating method can only be in the heat object - thin In the surface layer, the combination of the two independent heating sources into a body can reduce these adverse effects, thereby averaging the temperature gradient and reducing the local stress. Referring now to Figure 5, The figure shows the different heating methods discussed by the wire. A comparison table of the different criteria. The reader can immediately see the advantages associated with the use of the inductor of the present invention in combination with the resistance heating method. The present invention does not use an auxiliary cooling device and does not use Resonant filters and filters can generate a large amount of heat energy with a small energy loss. Therefore, the time required to heat a specific object is short and is completed under better control, only depending on the design of the heater coil. Referring now to Figures 4 and 4A, there is shown generally another preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a nozzle 1 。. It should be noted that the drawings show an injection molding metal ( A typical device such as magnesium, but those skilled in the art can easily come up with a variety of other devices for injection molding materials (such as plastic) without any effort. The heated nozzle 100 includes an elongated outer member 1 〇2 (equivalent to a yoke) having a channel 1 〇4 through which a fluid can flow. The fluid can be a molten metal (e.g., magnesium), plastic, or the like. In a preferred embodiment, The -L9-

O:\89\89383 DOC 1254598 Flow system A magnesium alloy in a thixotropic state. In a preferred embodiment, the tired, '103 is disposed at one of the base ends of the outer member 〇2, which is engageable with a thread on a nozzle head i(10). The nozzle head 1 8 is rigidly attached to the outer member 102, and an inner member 11 6 (equivalent to the core) is interposed between the head 1 $ and the outer member 1 〇 2 . Channel 1 04i, the inner member of the shellfish Π 6, to facilitate the flow of fluid to an outlet n 〇. An annular gap 107 is provided between the inner member 1 and the outer member 102 for inserting a heater coil ι6. In this preferred embodiment, a tapered portion 112 is provided between the nozzle tip 1 8 and the inner member 116 to ensure a good mechanical connection. The conductors 118 and > 120 pass through the trenches 114 and 115, respectively, and are connected to the heater coil 106. The heating coil 1 〇 6 preferably has an electrically insulating coating as described above. As shown, in this design, the heater coil 1 〇 6 is sandwiched between a ferromagnetic yoke member 116 and a ferromagnetic outer member 1 〇 2, thereby forming a closed magnetic circuit around the coil. Preferably, the heater coil 1 〇 6 is in contact with the inner member U6 and the outer member 102 to increase the effect of heat transfer from the coil. However, if the heater coil 106 forms a slight gap with the inner and outer members, it can still operate normally. In a preferred embodiment, inductive heat can be generated in the outer member 102, the inner member 丨16, and the nozzle tip 1〇8 when an alternating current is passed through the heater coil 1〇6. The current through coil 106 will also create resistive heat within the coil, and the resistive heat will be conducted to the inner and outer members. In this design, the thermal energy is almost or completely free of loss or waste, but it is transmitted to the object to be heated. Referring now to Figure 6, there is shown generally another exemplary embodiment of the present invention for use in a barrel assembly 200 for a machine for processing molten materials, such as an extruder or injection molding machine. Extruder or injection molding machine barrel^

_ _9383 DOC -20- 1254598 The prostitute clothing can connect the barrel assembly 2 (8) to the processor. The assembly 2 Ο 0 basically includes a barrel and a grinding lining 2 0 4 ), a nozzle 2 〇 6, a portion 202 (which can be provided with a screw 208 and a mounting member 210 as needed, the invention department will The electric component 212 of the coil form is mounted in the barrel portion - (equivalent to the core %) (or above). In the specific example shown in Figure 6, the electrical component 2 12 is worn in at least one of the barrel portions 2 The spiral groove 214 is provided on the outer side of the crucible 2. The sleeve 216 (equivalent to the vehicle) can be mounted on the barrel portion 2〇2 as needed, and the electric component 212 is fixed in the at least one groove 214. Alternatively, the spiral groove may be provided on the inner surface of the barrel portion and the electrical component may be mounted therein. However, this design is difficult to manufacture and assemble. The barrel portion 202, the cushion 〇4 screw 208, and the sleeve 216 are the most They are all made of a strong magnetic material, making it easy to form a preferred magnetic structure suitable for low frequency heating applications (up to 400 Hz). Alternatively, the components can be made of high conductivity ceramic or graphite material. The spiral groove 214 can have a variable axial pitch, which is provided along the barrel portion 2〇2; The trench 214 may have a single electrical component 212 disposed along the body of the barrel, or a plurality of coiled electrical components 212, wherein each coil is axially coupled to another coil (four), providing individually controllable individual heating. The coils of the zone can operate at slightly different frequencies to prevent the coils from interfering with each other. Referring to Figures 7 and 8, a more detailed view of a portion of the barrel portion 2〇2 (including the grooves 214 and the jaws 212) is shown. The groove 214 is formed on an outer surface of the barrel portion 202, and after the electrical component 212 is loaded into the groove 214, the outer surface 218 of the electrical component 212 is preferably approximately aligned with the outer surface 22 of the barrel portion 2〇2. To this end, we can deform the electrical component when the electrical component 212 is loaded into the trench 2丨4, so that the electrical component 212 conforms to the shape of the trench 214. The electrical component/212

〇 \89\89383 DOC '21- 1254598 is a coaxial structure and preferably has a circular cross section at the beginning. If an electrical component having a square, rectangular, or other cross-sectional shape is used, it is also possible. The electrical component 212 includes a conductor 226 (the most prestigious female - ten v takes a wild matter, a material having a 咼 resistivity, such as a nickel-chromium alloy), and the guide 骰粆 # & & 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁 馁The electrically insulating material (preferably a high pressure dense mineral powder such as magnesium oxide) is surrounded. A metal sheath 228 surrounds the insulating material and the conductor. An example of such an electrical component is available from Thermocoax 〇f Suresnes Cedex, France, under the trade name therm〇c〇ax. The groove 214 preferably has a circular arc-shaped inner corner 222 and a vertical side wall 224. Upon pressing the mouth member 212 into the groove 214, the pull 228 will deform to sub-substantially conform to the shape of the groove 214, and its outer surface will be flat and the outer surface 220 of the barrel portion 202 will be aligned. The outer portion 218 preferably protrudes slightly out of the outer surface 220 to ensure good contact between the sleeve 216 and the outer surface 218. The sleeve 216 can be attached to the barrel portion 2〇2 in a shrink fit manner, thereby stabilizing the electric component into the human groove m. Alternatively, sleeve 216 can be: a c-shaped portion that is then clamped into one piece. However, it has been found that the electrical component 212 can remain in the trench 214 without the sleeve 216. The sleeve 216 is possible but not necessarily subjected to the force generated by the material handled in the barrel assembly 2 - significant radial load. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the sleeve 216 can be very thin (relative to the barrel portion 2〇2) and may only be used to secure the electrical component 212. As shown in Figure 9, the sleeve 216 can also have a substantial thickness, with a substantial radial weight. Here, the thickness of the sleeve in the <column is about the same as the barrel portion 202. This particular example places the component 212 deeper within the wall of the barrel assembly 200. The advantage of this _ position is that we can use the inductive energy to heat the barrel assembly 2〇〇 more efficiently because of the electrical components.

Ο \89\89383 DOC -22 - I254598 212^ The magnetic field of the extension can be joined to the metal structure (sleeve 216) to increase its wearing and clothing. Furthermore, since the electrical component 2 1 2 is closer to the screw 208, the former can: In a more efficient manner, the higher frequency is used to increase the penetration depth compared to the specific example in which the "more efficient" system is located on the outer side than the electrical component 212. Referring to Fig. 10, in another example of the wood in the day of the moon, the electrical component 212 can be placed in the lining 204. The advantage of this embodiment is that the tubular portion 2〇2 having the structural function can be kept smooth without the need to provide a groove which can cause stress concentration. The lining 204 can be a tubular member and has a helical groove in which the electrical component 212 can be mounted. The portion of the barrel portion that covers the electrical component 212 is similar to the sleeve 216 of the previous specific embodiment. - an alternative method is to make the electrical component 212 into a coil shape and mount it on the inner surface 25 of the core 2〇2 and then 'on the electric +, the surface 250' - a suitable wear-resistant gasket material ( For example, through the 埶: coating technique to form a lining...accumulated to a sufficient thickness, the inner surface of the lining: can be formed after processing - a smooth hole to facilitate passage of the flowable material in the barrel assembly. This is the best mode of the present invention, because the position of the member 212 is closest to the screw coffee (as shown in FIG. 6), which helps to heat the screw and the bowl m in a private manner, and the substance to be processed' Efficiently add = part 2〇2; and 'can be made with existing technology. In addition, the inner surface of the second core 202 causes the temperature outside the core 2〇2 to be lower than the processing temperature of the k-movable material. In the specific example shown in Fig. 11, the same body portion 202 also has a point k which is not indifferent. The electrical component 212 is mounted in the spiral fuser 14 of the independent heating belt 230, and the heating belt is mounted on the body portion 202. Heating belt 23<

〇 \89\89383 DOC -23- 1254598 Take the structure function. As with the previous specific example, a sleeve 216, as desired, can be used to secure the electrical component 212 in the channel 214. The specific example shown in Figure 12 can provide similar advantages. In this specific example, the member has no grooves. The electrical component 212 is coupled to a spacer 232, i.e., on the barrel portion 202, and after being compressed, substantially conforms to the space between the spacers 232. For example, spacer 232 can be an annealed ferromagnetic material, and is preferably selected from the same family of cores 202. In this embodiment, the electrical component 2 12 and the spacer 232 are preferably fastened to the barrel portion 2〇2 by the sleeve 21 6 so that the spacer and the electrical component are sandwiched between the sleeve and the core. between. In another embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the outer surface 220 of the barrel portion 202 has a groove 214 therein, but the depth of the groove 214 is insufficient to substantially flush the outer surface 218 of the electrical component 212 with the outer surface 220. The groove 214 can engage a portion of the perimeter of the sheath 228 and preferably has a sheath 228 that conforms to the contour. The extent of the circumferential engagement of the grooves 14/, 4 can be just over 1 degree, causing the sheath 228 to snap into the groove 214 and thereby secure it. The magnetic circuit in this specific example is closed by a sheath. Since the sheath 228 is very thin, the magnetic field will concentrate within the sheath and inductive heat cannot be generated in the barrel portion 202 in an efficient manner. Moreover, since the sleeve is not used in this particular embodiment, the significant electrical resistance heat generated by the electrical component 212 will be radiated to the air or applied to the insulating layer on the barrel assembly 2 as needed. This specific example is the simplest in construction (because there is no liner and no sleeve, and the depth of the groove 214 is the smallest), but it is the least efficient. To improve the performance of this particular embodiment, a cover may be placed on the outer surface 22 of the electrical component 212 and the body portion 2〇2 to a thickness that exceeds one-half the diameter of the electrical component 212. The cover O:\89\89383 D〇c -24^ 1254598 The cover is preferably a metal composite, sprayed). ...the technique known to the public (for example, the hot one alternative method is to mount the electrical component 2ί2 on the un-grooved barrel portion 202) and then set the metallic alloy covering, and fix the electrical component to the desired position. And improving the performance. In all of the above specific examples t, the electrical component 212 can maintain a plurality of axial spacings by a metallic structure disposed therebetween. The metallic structure between the electrical components 212 is preferably about the same as the electrical component. The width of 212 is equal. The electrical components 212 can be placed together in a tight manner to increase the heating density of the barrel assembly 2, but this will concentrate the magnetic field between the electrical components 212, thus generating our Unpleasant thermal gradients and reduced heating efficiency. It is preferable to adjust the frequency and power supplied to the electrical component 212 to achieve the desired heating effect, rather than the spacing between the electrical components 212. The electrical components 212 can be wider. However, the heating density is reduced, and it may be necessary to increase the current and/or frequency to complement the larger power requirements of the electrical component 212. All of the above specific examples use a separate electrical component 212. However, Figure 14 does not. In an alternative approach 'I of the thin-film deposition using known techniques .ThermoCeramiX Inc. 〇f integrally formed element 212 is electrically barrel member

The thermal spray method provided by Shlrley. MA is one of the technical examples suitable for this operation. We may first deposit an electrically insulating layer 24〇 in the trench 214, deposit the heating element 242 on the insulating layer 24, and finally deposit an outer insulating layer Μ* on the heating element 242 to wrap the heating element. 242. The outer insulating layer 244 can be both electrically and thermally insulated and can be flush with the outer surface 220 of the barrel portion 202 via mechanism or other processing to accommodate a sleeve. Other suitable

O:\89\89383 DOC -25 - !254598 The film technology used here------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ And the description of which is incorporated herein by reference. Referring to Figure 15, the thin film technique can be used to place the electrical component on the smooth outer surface 220 of the barrel portion 202 rather than in a groove. In this specific example, the electrically insulating layer 240 is attached to the entire outer surface of the barrel portion 2〇2. Heating element 242 is then deposited (preferably in a spiral form) on insulating layer 240 to form a coil. A second insulating layer 246 is then placed over the entire surface. This layer may be the final peripheral layer in the previous embodiment; or an intermediate layer by which additional heating elements are deposited on its top surface (preferably as shown, aligning the previously deposited heating elements to Form a multilayer coil). We can repeat this process until the desired thickness is reached. Then, a final outer insulating layer 244 can be provided with a mechanism to sigh the various thin tantalum deposition techniques described above, and the heating 7C member 242 can still be provided by the method. The applied material can be formulated to provide a resistivity factor that provides optimum resistance and inductive heating for a specific frequency and power. I resistance system, the number is too high, the heating mainly comes from the resistance part, the current used for the inductor is low; #电阻系, the number is too low, there will be a large amount of current passing through it, thus generating a large eclipse, @大大的感应电流However, the effect of resistance heating is minimal. The heating element 242 resistor system “ + "the preferred range of the coefficient is preferably in the range of 4xl 〇 -8 to 1 〇 3 ohm metric meters. The human body provides a superior thermal management for the tubular structure. & ϋ gradient' to reduce the thermal stress and heat fatigue of the tubular structure

〇: \89\89383 DOC '26- 1254598 is lacking to extend the life of the structure. The heating coil is in thermal communication with the tubular structure. The structure of the heating coil is capable of efficiently inducing thermal energy in the material and structure of the pores of the tubular structure. The temperature outside the tubular structure can be lower than the processing temperature of the flowable material by adjusting the ratio of the generated inductive heat to the resistive heat and adjusting the coil position to concentrate thermal energy on the inner surface of the tubular structure. The reader is aware that the above description is for illustrative purposes only, and details thereof may be modified within the scope of the invention. For example, the material embodiment is described from the perspective of the barrel (or nozzle) of the heat-injection molding machine (or extruder), but the invention is intended to be applied to any tubular metal device that can be heated in this manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a known resistance heating device in the art. 2 is a simplified pictorial diagram of a known inductive heating device in the art. Figure 3 is a partial schematic view of a heating element according to the present invention / Figure 3 is a conductor surface diagram of an inductive type of heat-insulated thermal coil. Figure 3 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Sectional view. Figure 3C is a detailed view of the portion of Figure 3B. The sub-section shows an isometric isometric view of the current density distribution of the components. The specific real-time η is applied to a nozzle of the injection molding machine. Figure is a comparison of the private resistance heating method, the inductance teaching method, and the * criterion. 〃本啦明 heating method

0 \89\89383 DOC -27- 1254598 Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention, which is applied to a barrel of an injection molding machine. Figure 7 is a partial detail view of Figure 6. Displays the details of the electrical components. Another specific example of the invention is shown. Another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Yet another embodiment of the invention is shown. Yet another embodiment of the invention is shown. Yet another embodiment of the invention is shown. FIG. 8 is a partial detail view of FIG. 7 , FIG. 9 is a diagram of FIG. 7 , FIG. 10 is a diagram of FIG. 7 , FIG. 11 is a diagram of FIG. 7 . FIG. 12 is a diagram of FIG. 7 and FIG. 13 is a diagram of FIG. 7. FIG. 14 is a specific example of the diagram of FIG. As shown in Fig. 7, another embodiment of the present invention showing one of the electrical components used in the present invention is shown. [Illustration of the drawings represents an alternative embodiment. Fig. 10 Resistance heater circuit 12 Power supply 14 Heater coil 16 Cover 18 Insulation 20 Hot object (object to be heated) 20a, 20b Object 24 Substance 30 Inductive heating circuit 32 Variable frequency AC power supply

O:\89\89383 DOC - 28 - 1254598 34 1 Tuning capacitor 36 Inductive heater coil 38 Cooling system 39 Cooling fluid 40a, 40b Magnetic flux line 41 Current density 41 One example of the invention is a specific example 42 Power supply 44 > Heating Transistor 46 Groove 47 One of the examples of the invention is a preferred embodiment 48 Core 49 Inner wall 50 Yoke 52 Heater coil 53 Coil insulator 54 Groove 56 Curve 58 Channel 58 Curve 60 Curve 62 Shaded area 100 Nozzle 102 External member Ο 89\89383.DOC - 29 - 1254598 103 Thread 104 Channel 106 Heater coil 107 Annular gap 108 Nozzle head 110 Outlet 112 Tapered portion 114, 115 Groove 116 - Inner member 118, 120 Conductor 200 Body assembly 202 Body portion 204 gasket 206 nozzle 208 screw 210 mount 212 electrical component 214 spiral groove 216 sleeve 218 outer surface (outer portion) 220 outer surface 222 inner corner 224 side wall 226 conductor O: \89\89383 DOC -30 - 1254598 228 : Sheath 230 heating belt 232 spacer 240 electrically insulating layer 242 heating element 244 246 outer insulating layer 250 second insulating inner surface O: \ 89 \ 89383 DOC -31 -

Claims (1)

I25m36161 Patent Application Chinese Patent Application Range Replacement (& Year Pickup, Patent Application Range) 装置 Device for heating-flowable substances, including · The core of non-S layer, one of which is available in the 丨The passage of the flowing material, the core has an outer surface; and the electric component is closely attached to the 四(4) 4 turns in the n pattern. The electrical component can heat the core in both resistance and inductance when used, and the electrical component is There is no auxiliary cooling function. 2. The device of the patent scope is the oldest device, wherein the outer surface of the core has a spiral groove to the eve, which can accommodate the electrical component. 3 · 1 Declare the device of the patent dry enclosure item 2 Wherein the electric component has: a conductor which is surrounded by a thermally conductive electrically insulating material; and a metal sheath surrounding the insulating material. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the guiding system comprises 5. The device of claim 3, wherein the groove has a wheeled gallery in which at least a portion of the sheath conforms to the contour. & Wherein the groove has a substantially vertical earth surface which is engageable with the ridge, and the electrical component is fixed in the groove 〇7 as in the patent application 2: 3⁄4 夕# $ 甘丄一祀固乐2 The device is disposed such that the depth of the trench is such that the outer surface of the electrical component is approximately flush with the outer surface of the core. 8. The device of claim 7 further includes a device disposed around the core 9. For example, the device of claim 8 wherein the core and the yoke are made of a strong magnetic material of 89383-941108.doc 1254598. 10. The dream of claim 8 is as follows. <> Β ^t clothing, wherein the yoke includes a sleeve that abuts the electrical component. wherein the sleeve is substantially larger than the thickness of the sleeve, and the length of the sleeve is about 11 The core of the device is thin. 12. The device is the same as the device of the first aspect of the patent application. [4] [4], wherein the outer surface of the electrical component extends beyond the outer surface of the core. For example, the 13th item of the patent application scope is 桊甘由兮秘^, only < 4, which The outer surface of the core has at least one spiral groove that can accommodate the electrical component. 〃 15 • As mentioned in paragraph 13 of the patent scope, the step includes: a cover made of a metallic alloy Deposited on the outer surface of the electrical component and the outer surface of the core. 1 6 · The wearing of the third aspect of the patent application, the heart-coating, further comprising a spacer disposed on the coil The device of claim 16 wherein the spacer comprises an annealed ferromagnetic alloy. 18. If the patent application scope is 16, the ν > ^ coffee advancement includes a set of the core " the same electrical component and the spacer are disposed around the core, resulting in (10) 1 spacer and electricity The component is sandwiched between the sleeve and the core. 19·If you apply for a patent scope! The device of the item, - . . . L is deposited on the outer surface of the core, the electrical component comprises a Chub 祜·a first insulating layer, and the lanthanum is disposed on at least the outer surface of the core a Qiu Ba, #刀, a heating element deposited on the first insulating layer i in a spiral pattern of 89383-941108.doc -2- 1254598; and a second insulating layer deposited on the heating element Wrap its heating element. 20 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. The device of claim 19, wherein the second insulating layer is processed and the crucible is flush with the outer surface of the core. For example, if the patent application scope is the second item, the figure spears are placed, and further includes a set of sleeves on the core. The device of claim 19, wherein the core has a --spiral groove on the outer surface and the electrical component is deposited in the spiral groove. A device according to claim 19, wherein a plurality of deposited electrical components are formed to form a multilayer coil. A device for heating a flowable substance, comprising: a non-laminated core having a passage through which the flowable material can flow, the core having an inner surface and a wear resistant adjacent to the inner surface a gasket; and an electrical component wound around the inner circumference of the core in a close manner, the electrical component heating the core and the gasket in a resistive and inductive manner when in use, the electrical component There is no auxiliary cooling function. The device of claim 24, wherein the electrical component is embedded in the gasket, and the gasket comprises a covering made of a metal alloy, which is deposited on one of the inner surfaces of the electrical component and On the inner surface of the core. The device of claim 25, wherein the liner is processed to form a smooth hole through which the flowable material passes. 89383-941108.doc -3-