1254491 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於天線技術，特別是關於天線的小型化技 術。 【先前技術】 • RFID(Radi〇 Frequency Identification:無線射頻識 '別）技術係使用電波，以非接觸進行數據載體（data carr 1 er )的認識之技術。此技術係將埋入有丨c晶片與天線 _的行李籤（RFID標籤）賦予物或人，稱為|^1£)讀寫裝置 (RFIDreader/writer)的裝置與RFID標籤係利用電波進行 通信，藉由RFID讀寫裝置讀取收容於該Ic晶片（rfid標 籤1C)的資訊，進行該物或人的識別。 第7圖係顯示可使用於RFID標籤的天線之第一例。此 天線係以天線線路101形成的全長1/2波長的基本的雙極 天線（dipole antenna)，連接此天線於RFI])標籤I 鲁以構成RFID標籤。 而且，第8圖係顯示可使用於RFID標籤的天線的第二 例。此天線係以天線線路1〇2形成的全周！波長的 %形天線（100p an t enna)，連接此天線於rf丨d ^ 、 以構成RFID標籤。 如此，若原封不動地使用雙極天線或環形天線等基本 :天線’則因為RFID標籤將變成非常大，故 戴被要求天線的小型化。 MD祐 過去以來使天線小型化的技術已被提出多種。 316881 1254491 例如第9圖係顯示可使用於肝iJ}標籤的天線的第三 J、此天線係將形成與第7圖所示的第一例之雙極天線的 -對天線線路101直角地折彎成迴紋波形狀(贴牆d而 ’J、型化者。 而且’第10圖係顯示可使用於觸標籤的天線的第 Υ例。此天線係以使構成第8圖所示的環形天線的環狀天 w線路102沿著希爾伯特碎形圖案（Hilbert fractal .Pattern)的方式折彎而小型化。 而且，弟11圖係顯示可使用於卯11}標籤的天線的第 ^:此天線係以使構成第8圖所示的環形天線的環狀天 =路⑽沿著柯赫碎形圖案（KQwtalpattern)0々 2折彎而小型化。此外，碎形係指例如如第Η圖的圖案 的部分圖之第12Α圖及顯干兮pi安ΑΑ 4 一 口及”、、員不忒圖案的概略之第12β圖所 不’圖形的一部分鱼盆令，游# 丨刀/〜、王肽形成自我相似者。也就是說， 乐12B圖中的由圖案⑽到圖案祕的置換關伟，且 由圖案102b到圖宰i〇2c的署搞„〆 、 邻八作、以* 的置換關係’因大的形狀的直線 :=:Γ體的形狀相似的形狀置換，故藉由令天線 、、泉路102㈣狀為碎形圖案，而可得到長的路徑長。 術過去以來已被進行。 將兩條線圈立設於接地導 導體或板狀導體連接此兩 在例如專利文獻1中揭示有 體上，並且以迴紋波形狀的線狀 條線圈，形成環形天線的技術。 而且 在例如專利文獻2中揭 示有使構成雙極天線的 316881 6 1254491 成對構成的亀心著框體嶋面彎〜 示，::狀二3中，有例如如㈣ 成夺片（snowilake)狀的環形天線。 .^ 4所具備的天線如前㈣被要求小型，另 面’為了得到長的通信距離，希妙At 力方 而且’觸俨簸本身π且+ 線增益的下降。 的n : 在以來自RFID讀寫裝置 :::作㈣標籤的動作用的電源使用之所謂的無源 [Γ:Γ:ν…之膽標籤中’為了得到高的電源電 被要求南阻抗的天線。 但是’若單純地使天線元件之導體線路蛇行以使天線 小3L化，則會違反上述要求， 2 低。 5丨葱3日显的下降或阻抗的降 [專利文獻1 ] ^日本特開200卜284935號公報（段落[OMn-toou]、 弟1圖） [專利文獻2 ] 日本特開2000-349526號公報（段落[〇〇43] 〇5 第1圖） [專利文獻3 ] 美國專利第6603440號說明書（第9欄第56行至第1〇 攔第59行、第10A圖、第10B圖、第UA圖、第ιιβ圖、 第11C圖） 【發明内容】 316881 7 1254491 本發明乃鑒於上诚門sg二 為即使使天線元件二發者’其所欲解決的課題 使增益的下降減少。行’使天線小型化，也能 本發明的態樣之—的；妗甘& 個僅被折彎成鈍角的 、、Ί徵為·· #由以連接複數 路，構成。 >的線之形狀而蛇行的導體線 路聋：天線兀件，藉由此特徵解決前述課題。 角J:=，成，因構成天線元件之導體線路的直 苴处罢.A 故尚頻信號的能量損失減少， /、、、、σ果，天線的輻射效率被改善。 此外，在與上述本發明有關的天 為構成雙極天線者也可以。 ’序处天線兀件 π構前述本發明有關的天線中，前述天線元件 ^構成^天線，在饋電高頻信號時的該天線元件的 最^亦可配置於比在該饋電時的該天線元件的電廢最: 點遂罪近該天線元件的饋電點附近。 如果依照此構成，則饋電點附近的線路與電流最 附近的線路的結合變強的結果，可提高天線的阻抗。. 此外，此時形成環形天線的前述天線元 = 亦可為約1波長。 度 而且，此時在構成前述天線元件的導體線路的前述電 流最大點的線寬亦可比在該導體線路中的前述饋電點的2 寬避粗。 > 如果依照此構成，則流入設置於饋電點的饋電裝置的 電流比電流最大點附近的導體線路還不易流動的結2呈阻 316881 1254491 抗變大。 Γ ”而且：在與前述本發明有關的天線中，抵鎖，〜 #唬至珂述天線元件的 _自仏电回頻 設在該天線元件的饋電二= 電容成分之感應元件係 數個僅被折彎成_二二=應元件亦可藉由連接複 成。 肖’门㈣線之形狀的導體線路來形 如果依照此構成，目丨丨+ A & 此外νθ ]在感應元件的能量損失將變少。1254491 IX. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to antenna technology, and more particularly to miniaturization techniques for antennas. [Prior Art] • RFID (Radi〇 Frequency Identification) technology uses radio waves to communicate data carrier (data carr 1 er) without contact. This technology is to embed a baggage tag (RFID tag) or a person with a 丨c chip and an antenna _, and a device called a RFID reader/writer (RFID reader/writer) communicates with the RFID tag using radio waves. The information stored in the Ic chip (rfid tag 1C) is read by the RFID reader/writer to identify the object or person. Figure 7 shows a first example of an antenna that can be used for an RFID tag. This antenna is a basic 1/2 wavelength basic dipole antenna formed by the antenna line 101, and is connected to the RFI]) tag I to form an RFID tag. Moreover, Fig. 8 shows a second example of an antenna that can be used for an RFID tag. This antenna is formed all the way through the antenna line 1〇2! A wavelength-shaped antenna (100p an antenna) that connects the antenna to rf丨d ^ to form an RFID tag. In this way, if the basic antenna such as a dipole antenna or a loop antenna is used as it is, the RFID tag will become very large, so that the antenna is required to be miniaturized. MD You have been able to miniaturize antennas in the past. 316881 1254491 For example, Fig. 9 shows a third J which can be used for the antenna of the liver iJ}, and this antenna system will be formed at right angles to the antenna line 101 of the dipole antenna of the first example shown in Fig. 7. Bending into a ripple shape (applying wall d and 'J, type. And '10 shows a third example of an antenna that can be used to touch a tag. This antenna is used to form the ring shown in Fig. 8. The looped sky line 102 of the antenna is bent and miniaturized along the Hilbert fractal pattern. Moreover, the figure 11 shows the antenna that can be used for the 卯11} tag. This antenna is miniaturized by bending the ring-shaped day=road (10) constituting the loop antenna shown in Fig. 8 along the Koch's fractal pattern (KQwtalpattern) 0々2. Further, the fragmentation means, for example, The 12th image of the part of the pattern of the map and the 兮 兮 ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ 一 一 一 一 ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ ΑΑ 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 一部分 〜 一部分 一部分 〜 〜 〜 〜 〜 〜 〜 The king peptide forms a self-similarity. That is to say, the pattern (10) from the pattern 12 (10) to the pattern secret is replaced by Guan Wei, and The pattern 102b to the 宰 〇 i 〇 2c 搞 〆 邻 邻 邻 邻 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因 因The path of the road 102 (four) is a fractal pattern, and a long path length can be obtained. The operation has been carried out in the past. The two coils are erected on the ground conductor or the plate conductor, and the two are disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1. And a technique of forming a loop antenna in a linear strip coil of a back ripple shape. Further, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses that the 316881 6 1254491 constituting the dipole antenna is formed in a pair of sides of the frame. In the case of: 2:3, there is a loop antenna such as (4) in the form of a snowilake. The antenna provided in the 4th is required to be small as in the front (4), and the other side is 'in order to obtain a long communication distance. At the force and the 'touch itself π and the decrease of the + line gain. n : The so-called passive use of the power supply for the action from the RFID read/write device::: (4) tag [Γ:Γ:ν ...the bile label 'in order to get high power supply is required for south impedance Antenna. However, if the conductor line of the antenna element is simply snaked to make the antenna 3L small, it will violate the above requirements, and 2 will be low. 5. The leezing on the 3rd day is significantly reduced or the impedance is lowered [Patent Document 1] ^Japan Special Japanese Patent Publication No. 284935 (paragraph [OMn-toou], brother 1] [Patent Document 2] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-349526 (paragraph [〇〇43] 〇5, first figure) [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 6603440 (Laser 9th, line 56 to 1st, line 59, 10A, 10B, UA, ι, and 11C) [Abstract] 316881 7 1254491 In view of the fact that Shangchengmen sg II reduces the gain of the gain even if the antenna element is the subject of the problem. The row 'sizes the antenna and can also be used in the aspect of the present invention; the 妗 & & is only bent into an obtuse angle, and the Ί sign is a suffix. > The shape of the line and the meandering conductor line. The antenna element is used to solve the above problems. The angle J:=, becomes, due to the straight line of the conductor line constituting the antenna element. Therefore, the energy loss of the frequency signal is reduced, /, ,, and σ, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved. Further, it is also possible to constitute a dipole antenna in the days related to the above-described present invention. In the antenna according to the present invention, the antenna element is configured as an antenna, and the antenna element at the time of feeding the high-frequency signal may be disposed at a ratio higher than that at the time of the feeding. The electrical waste of the antenna element is the most: the sin is near the feeding point of the antenna element. According to this configuration, as a result of the stronger connection between the line near the feeding point and the line near the current, the impedance of the antenna can be improved. Further, the aforementioned antenna element forming the loop antenna at this time = may also be about 1 wavelength. Further, at this time, the line width of the current maximum point of the conductor line constituting the antenna element may be thicker than the width of the feed point of the conductor line. > According to this configuration, the current flowing into the power feeding device provided at the feeding point is more resistant to the rise of the junction 2 which is less likely to flow than the conductor line near the maximum point of the current.而且 ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” It is bent into _22=the component can also be recombined by the connection. The conductor line of the shape of the Xiao's (four) line is shaped according to this configuration, and the target is + A & The loss will be less.
俨^ s U與上述本發明有_天線為特徵的RFID俨^ s U and the above-described invention have _ antenna-characterized RFID
標籤也與本發明有關。 々打诚的RFID 本發明猎由如以卜的播 導_续·- ㈣成，可達成即使使天線元件之 功效。 也此減少增益的下降此種 【實施方式】 以下依妝圖式說明本發明的實施形態。 、、曾f 1圖係顯示實施本發明的天線的構成例。此天線係 f κ對天線線路Η所形成的全長1/2波長的雙 旣線’連接此天線於麗標籤丨⑽，以構成_標鐵。 成此天線的天線元件（―對天線線路⑴的形狀係： 被直角地折¥成迴紋波形狀之第9圖的天線線路⑻的直 線部分變成被置換成彎曲成鈍角的線，其結果，直角⑽ ° )或銳角之折彎部分減少。 、，、一般而言，若將構成天線元件的導體線路折彎成直角 或銳角，則應從天線輻射的高頻信號的能量因干擾等使該 部分產生損失，作為整體天線的輻射效率劣化。在此，若 316881 9 1254491 1天線線路11置換成如第1圖所示的折彎成鈍角之導料 !減驗線元件的導體線路的直角或銳角的折； 射效率被改善。 ^其結果，天線的輕 此外’在第1圖的例子中雖然是藉由 被折彎成鈍角的同-形的線之形 要〜數個僅 ^^ . K尽狀而蛇行的導體線路構成 又極天線，但取代此種構成，亦可如第1G圖或第= =將以沿著碎形圖案的方式折f的天線線路⑽的 部分置換成被彎曲成鈍角的線而構成環形天線。此外，此 被置換的天線線路102的圖案已經不是碎形。 ，而且’在上述例子中雖然係採用如第2A圖所示的同— 形的線，亦即例如僅被折彎成12〇。的純 個與此同一形的線之形狀而蛇行的導體二 例說明的彎曲成半圓形的形狀的曲線，或 圖所舉 2C圖所舉例說明的彎曲成一週期份的正弦波波形弟 的曲線。而且，亦可如第21)圖所舉例說明的組合/ 的半圓形與第2 C圖的正弦波波形的形狀，採用組 θ 形狀的形的線。 +问的 但是，如前述在無源標籤之RFID標籤中為了 電源電壓，被要求高的阻抗的天線。在此點中，^的 所不的1波長的環形天線因阻抗高（通f為3咖 圖 ，當作RFID標籤甚佳。但是，如第13圖所舉例說^ ¥線狀導體而形成的習知環形天線在天線線路 々 ^，連接 ]〇 3】6881 1254491 =FID標籤的饋電點12a與距該饋電點i2al/2波長位置的 2 12b將形成遠離。在丨波長環形天線中，在天線 點遠二= 及點高頻電流都成最大，惟若此兩 3居’阻抗將會下降到數十Ω左右。 因此，如第3圖所示在以連接複數個僅被折彎成鈍角 勺同形的線之形狀而蛇行的導體線路之天線線路}2 中使饋免點12a與點12b之間接近而配置，構成全周的 長度為、々1波長的環形天線，將此天線使用於RFID標籤。 2此，饋電點12a附近的線路與點12b附近的線路的結合 變強的結果，可提高阻抗。 'σ。 一顯不供電高頻信號至第3圖所舉例說明的環形天線日士 的问頻包*的電流分布的電腦模擬的結果於第4圖。此 在該圖中_示顏色越濃流過的電流越大。由該圖得知， =此㈣天線中」在天線線路12中高頻電流成最大的點 $配置於如比南頻電流成最^、的點（亦即高頻電流成最 大的點）12c還靠近饋電點12a的附近。 此外’在第3圖所舉例說明的環形天線中，天線線路 12中的點12b附近的線寬如第5圖所示，若設成比馈電點 12a附近轴，則流人設置於饋電點❿的咖標藏π 的電流比點m附近的天線線路12還不易流動的結果，阻 抗變大。 、但是，有並聯連接抵銷瞻標«1C的内部電容用的 感應兀件於天線的情形。第6圖係顯示在第i圖所舉例古兒 明的雙極天線中，與配置於饋電點的RFID標藏IC1。並聯， ]] 31688] 1254491 種，件13的例子圖。在此例子中，感應元件 13與天線元件11 — ^ ,,n_ ^ 1 —榀，錯由連接複數個僅被折彎成鈍角 η 1占之形狀的導體線路形成。因此，此感應元件 丄d也成為能量損失少者。 0明本發明不限定於上述各實施形態，在不脫離本 _金月的要曰的範圍内，種種的改良、變更為可能。 .形狀：:==:的環形天線係構成線對稱的 【圖式簡單說明】 =1圖係顯示實施本發明的天線的構成例圖。 -例ΐ Μ圖#'顯示構成天線的基本線路的f曲形狀的第 二例圖#'顯示構成天線的基本線路的彎曲形狀的第 三例圖係顯示構成天線的基本線路的彎曲形狀的第 四例圖係顯示構成天線的基本線路的彎曲形狀的第 圖。弟3圖係顯示接近電流最大點而構成的環形天線的例 弟4圖係顯示第3圖所示 擬結果圖。 尺J电机分布的模 乐5圖係顯示增加與饋電點相 的線路寬之環形天線的例子圖。 “取大點附近 3]688] 12 1254491 第6圖係顯示在第丨圖所示的雙極天線中，盥配 饋電點的RFID標籤IC並聯地插入感應元件的例子圖。、 第7圖係顯示可使用於RFID標籤的天線的第一例圖。 第8圖係顯示可使用於關標鐵的天線的第二例圖。 第9圖係顯示可使用於_標藏的天線的第三例圖。 ㈣圖係顯示可使用於RFID標籤的天線的第四例圖。 士 11圖係顯示可使用於RFID標籤的天線的第五例圖。 第12A圖係第11圖所示的天線的部分圖。 第12B圖係說明第11圖的碎形圖案的圖。 弟13圖係顯示將線狀暮㈣把綠：Λ、 打、求狀¥月豆折穹成雪片狀而形成的習 知的環形天線的例子圖。 【主要元件符號說明】Labels are also relevant to the present invention. 々 诚 的 的 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本 本This also reduces the decrease in gain. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to a drawing. The prior art shows an example of the configuration of an antenna embodying the present invention. This antenna system f κ connects the antenna to the 丨 tag (10) with a full length 1/2 wavelength double 旣 line formed by the antenna line 以 to constitute a _ mark. The antenna element (the shape of the antenna line (1) which is formed into the antenna is a line which is folded at a right angle to the antenna line (8) of the ninth diagram of the return ripple shape, and is replaced by a line which is bent at an obtuse angle, and as a result, The right angle (10) ° ) or the bend of the acute angle is reduced. In general, when the conductor line constituting the antenna element is bent at a right angle or an acute angle, the energy of the high-frequency signal radiated from the antenna is lost due to interference or the like, and the radiation efficiency of the entire antenna is deteriorated. Here, if the 316881 9 1254491 1 antenna line 11 is replaced with a guide bent into an obtuse angle as shown in Fig. 1 , the right angle or the acute angle of the conductor line of the line component is reduced; the radiation efficiency is improved. ^ As a result, the lightness of the antenna is different from the shape of the same-shaped line bent into an obtuse angle in the example of Fig. 1 by a number of only ^^. K-shaped and serpentine conductor lines Further, in place of such a configuration, a loop antenna may be formed by replacing a portion of the antenna line (10) folded along the fractal pattern with a line bent at an obtuse angle as in the first G diagram or the ===. Moreover, the pattern of this replaced antenna line 102 is not already fractal. And, in the above example, although the same-shaped line as shown in Fig. 2A is used, that is, for example, it is only bent into 12 turns. The shape of a line of the same shape and the shape of the meandering conductor, the curved shape of the shape of the semicircular shape, or the curve of the sine wave of the cycle which is illustrated by the 2C figure . Further, a shape of a combination of a semicircular shape and a sinusoidal waveform of the second C diagram as illustrated in Fig. 21) may be employed, and a line of a shape of a group θ shape may be employed. +Q. However, as mentioned above, in the RFID tag of a passive tag, an antenna having a high impedance is required for the power supply voltage. At this point, the ring antenna of the 1 wavelength which is not high is high in impedance (passing f is 3, it is very good as an RFID tag. However, as shown in Fig. 13, a linear conductor is formed. The conventional loop antenna is formed at a distance from the antenna line ,^, the connection 〇3]6881 1254491 = the FID tag feed point 12a and the feed point i2al/2 wavelength position 2 12b. In the 丨 wavelength loop antenna, At the antenna point far two = and the point of the high-frequency current is the maximum, but if the two three-home 'impedance will drop to tens of ohms or so. Therefore, as shown in Figure 3, the multiples are only bent into The shape of the line of the obtuse-angled spoon and the antenna line of the meandering conductor line}2 are arranged close to each other between the feed point 12a and the point 12b, and constitute a loop antenna having a length of 々1 wavelength throughout the circumference, and the antenna is used. In the RFID tag. 2, the combination of the line near the feeding point 12a and the line near the point 12b becomes stronger, and the impedance can be increased. 'σ. A power supply high frequency signal is not supplied to the ring illustrated in FIG. The result of the computer simulation of the current distribution of the antenna of the antenna of the Japanese priest* is shown in Fig. 4. In the figure, the current flowing through the thicker color is larger. It is known from the figure that = (in the antenna) "the maximum frequency of the high-frequency current in the antenna line 12 is set to be the best as the south frequency current. The point (i.e., the point at which the high-frequency current is the largest) 12c is also close to the vicinity of the feeding point 12a. Further, in the loop antenna illustrated in Fig. 3, the line width near the point 12b in the antenna line 12 is as As shown in Fig. 5, if the current is closer to the vicinity of the feed point 12a, the current of the π in the feed point 流 of the flow point is less likely to flow than the antenna line 12 near the point m, and the impedance becomes large. However, there is a parallel connection to offset the case of the internal capacitance of the «1C internal capacitor for the antenna. Figure 6 shows the dipole antenna of the ancient example shown in Figure i, and is configured for feeding The RFID tag of the electrical point is IC1. Parallel, ]] 31688] 1254491, an example of the piece 13. In this example, the sensing element 13 and the antenna element 11 - ^,, n_ ^ 1 - 榀, the error is connected by a plurality of Only the conductor line bent into the shape of the obtuse angle η 1 is formed. Therefore, the sensing element 丄d also becomes capable The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and changes are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Shape::==: loop antenna system [Simplified Schematic Description] Fig. 1 shows a configuration example of an antenna embodying the present invention. - Example Μ # 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图 图The third example of the curved shape of the basic line constituting the antenna shows a fourth example of the curved shape of the basic line constituting the antenna. The figure shows the curved shape of the basic line constituting the antenna. The brother 3 shows the maximum near current. The figure 4 of the loop antenna formed by the dot shows the pseudo-result diagram shown in FIG. The model 5 of the J-motor distribution shows an example of a loop antenna that increases the line width with the feed point. "About the big point 3] 688] 12 1254491 Fig. 6 shows an example of the parallel insertion of the RFID tag IC with the feed point in the dipole antenna shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 7 A first example of an antenna that can be used for an RFID tag is shown. Figure 8 shows a second example of an antenna that can be used to turn off the iron. Figure 9 shows a third antenna that can be used for the _ standard. (4) The figure shows a fourth example of an antenna that can be used for an RFID tag. The figure 11 shows a fifth example of an antenna that can be used for an RFID tag. Fig. 12A shows the antenna shown in Fig. 11. Part 12B Figure 12B is a diagram illustrating the fractal pattern of Fig. 11. The 13th figure shows the formation of the linear 暮(4) which is formed by folding the green: Λ, 打,求状¥月豆 into snow flakes. An example of a known loop antenna. [Main component symbol description]
10 RFID 標籤 IC 11、12、101、1 〇 2 天線線路 12a ' 12b 饋電點 13 感應元件 102a、l〇2b、102c 圖案 316881 1310 RFID tag IC 11, 12, 101, 1 〇 2 antenna line 12a ' 12b feed point 13 sensing element 102a, l〇2b, 102c pattern 316881 13