1254115 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明主要係有關—種廢塑膠處理設備，尤指-種可 將含氯之混合廢塑膠轉化為具利用價值之液態油品及可燃 氣能源之廢塑膠處理設備。 【先前技術】 市面上系見的塑膠，主要以聚乙婦對苯二甲酸醋 (PET) *乙烯（pb)、聚丙烯(pp)、聚苯乙烯(ps)、聚氣乙 稀（PVC)等為主，因此廢塑膠組成亦以上述幾種成份為 主根據¥保署公告之廢容器回收稽核認證量統計（以⑽ 年1 f 6月統❹各種廢塑膠容器回收量佔總廢塑膠容器 回收量之比例分別為：ΡΕΤ(56·8%)、pvc(36%)、 ΡΡ/ΡΕ(34·5/〇)、ps(5.1%)。其中pET因為建立回收制度多 年且已有好的再利用方式，戶斤以回收比例最大，因此除了 PET之外，就屬PE/pp為廢塑膠的大宗。而？顧^奶經由 熱衣解的方式’均可產生大量可燃性能源產物，因此成為 要的熱放解研究對象。而pvc常與其他塑膠混合使用， 加上廢塑膠回收時的分類不易，因此針對廢塑膠的回收利 用，應將PVC —併列入考慮。 刚述之PE、PP及PS等各類塑膠中，ps最易裂解， 於400 C以下即可得到令人滿意的反應速度與產率。pE與 P有著頜似的裂解特性，但PP的裂解溫度（低於450°C ) 車乂 PE低（鬲於45(rc )，且pp裂解可以獲得極佳的液態產 物產峯。將μ ;+、—《 ’、 处二種塑膠進行熱重分析（Thermalgravimetry 5 18278 12541151254115 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates mainly to a waste plastic processing equipment, in particular, a chlorine-containing mixed waste plastic can be converted into a liquid oil and a combable gas energy having a utilization value. Waste plastic processing equipment. [Prior Art] Plastics on the market are mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) * ethylene (pb), polypropylene (pp), polystyrene (ps), polyethylene (PVC) Mainly, the composition of waste plastics is also based on the above-mentioned several components. According to the statistics of the waste container recycling audits announced by the Department of Insurance (in 10 years), the recycling of various waste plastic containers accounts for the total waste plastic containers. The proportions of recovery are: ΡΕΤ (56.8%), pvc (36%), ΡΡ/ΡΕ (34·5/〇), ps (5.1%). Among them, pET has established a recycling system for many years and has been good. Recycling method, households have the largest recycling ratio, so in addition to PET, PE/pp is a large amount of waste plastics. However, the method of "heating through the hot clothes" can produce a large amount of flammable energy products, so It is the subject of thermal research, and pvc is often used in combination with other plastics. It is not easy to classify waste plastics. Therefore, PVC should be considered for the recycling of waste plastics. Among all kinds of plastics such as PP and PS, ps is the most easy to crack, and it can be satisfactorily below 400 C. Speed and yield. pE and P have jaw-like cracking characteristics, but PP cracking temperature (below 450 ° C) rutting PE is low (鬲 45 (rc), and pp cleavage can obtain excellent liquid products Production peak. The thermodynamic analysis of the two plastics of μ;+,—“, (Thermalgravimetry 5 18278 1254115
Analysis )，可發現PE/PP/PS大致呈現一階段熱重損失， 也就是說PE/PP/PS於分析的升溫條件下，其熱重損失於接 近裂解溫度範圍内呈現劇烈變化，在此前後並未有類似劇 烈變化。而PVC塑膠之熱重分析呈現兩階段熱重損失，第 一階段發生於250〜35(TC之間，損失約50 wt%重量5第 二階段則發生於40(TC以後。PVC塑膠第一階段的熱重損 失，主要是因為C-C1鍵與C-H鍵斷鍵形成HC1所致，剩 下的高分子碳氫成份，則於第二階段裂解成小分子或碳黑。 由於廢塑膠的分類無法做到很徹底，造成後續回收處 理設備在設計與操作上的困難，因此開發可處理混合廢塑 膠之設備與製程，具有很大的利用價值。此外，熱裂解反 應本身須消耗熱能，一般採用電加熱處理程序勢必耗用更 多能源，且不利製程放大設計。 【發明内容】 鏗於上述習知技術之問題，本發明之主要目的係在提 ::種廢塑膠處理設備，以將含氣之混合廢塑膠轉化為含 乳置極低之液態油品以及未含不可燃成份且極具利 之高熱值可燃氣。 ^ 本毛月之另一目的係在提供一種廢塑膠處理設備，其 可使用反應系統所產之液態油及可燃氣做為燃料，經由力: 熱產生熱氣以提供該廢塑膠處理設備所需之熱能。工π 為達上述目的，本發明係揭露一種廢塑膠處理設備， =括二以將含氯之混合廢塑膠進行熔融、脫氯：脫氣 衣 帛以將該脫氯裝置處理後所得之脫氯炫融物進行 18278 6 1254115 產生油氣之裂解反應裝置、-用以將油氣分離成液 與可燃氣之分離處理裝置、以及—用以將該分離處理 。又備產生之液悲油與可燃氣進行燃燒及加熱，俾將所產生 2氣提供作為脫氯裝置及裂解反應裝置所需熱能之燃燒 加熱裝置。 4本發明之廢塑膠處理設備主要係將混合廢㈣投入脱 置中進行處理’藉以形成脫氣熔融物，復將該脫氯溶 融物通過裂解反應裝置進㈣解以產生高溫油氣，再令該 “油氣經由分離處理裝置分離成可供利用之液態油與可 ‘:二，後ϋ入.亥燃燒加熱裝置之燃燒加熱處理，俾將加熱 之氣體提供該脫氯裝置及裂解反應裝置使用。 /於本發明中，經該分離處理裝置處理所得之可燃性氣 體係經由管線被氣體壓縮機引用’加壓後存於緩衝儲槽 中藉由凋壓閥穩定其出口壓力，並以針閥調節氣體流量， 且:由流量計觀察讀數而充當^解反應裝置進行裂解反應 之*體化氣體’其中該流體化氣體係經過燃燒加熱裝置内 之加熱爐預熱’且該加熱爐内有盤管以增加流體化氣體的 加熱效率’最後導出管線而進人裂解反應裝置以進行 反應。 再者，该燃燒加熱裝置内之加熱爐所使用之燃料係採 用由分離處理裝置進行產物分離所得之液態油品或可燃 氣’以充分利H统本身自產之燃料而進行反應處理。而 為避免加熱爐出口溫度過高而損害熱氣導管，另設計由加 产、、爐侧注入冷部空氣，使得熱氣溫度在離開加熱爐時約為 18278 1254115 8〇〇°c，接著，該由加熱爐產生之約8〇〇〇c熱氣係透過裂解 反應裝置之調節閥調整通過外夹套及床砂加熱歧管的氣 畺’將反應床砂的溫度維持介於5 〇 〇至5 5 0 °C之間，以進 仃脫氣熔融物之裂解反應；而由於該經裂解反應裝置利用 過後之熱氣溫度仍高達約500至6〇(rc，故可繼續導入該 脫氯衣置使用，其係藉由將熱氣調整導引至脫氯裝置之兩 支螺旋器加熱外夾套管線上的許多風門閥體，以控制第一 支螺旋器之溫度介於150至2贼之間，進行含氯廢塑膠 之熔融反應，及控制第二支螺旋器之溫度介於3〇〇至35〇 C之間，以進行廢塑膠熔融物之脫氣反應。 …因此，於本發明之廢塑膠處理設備；，即可藉由該脫 氣衣置同日·^處理含氯之各種不同種類廢塑膠，以克服習知 廢塑膠回收處理設備中無法將廢塑勝徹底分類之問題，此 ^復由於此設備之燃燒加熱裝置係利用反應系統自產之 2油及可燃氣做為燃料’經由燃燒產生之熱氣用以提供 该處理設備所需之熱能，故可善 ，、 痒所1 4丄曰 口白知刼用電加熱處理程 斤：成之大置能源耗費問題，並有利於製 [貫施方式】 Α ϋΤ 以下係稭由特定具體實施例配合所附圖示，進一齐 逑本發明，熟習此技藝之人士可由本 二 ;易了解本發明之特點及功效。本發明亦可藉由 貫施例加以施行或應用，本說明書中各 ；5 :觀點在不崎發明之精神下進行各種修飾於： 中，須注意的是，該等圖式均為簡化之示意圖，僅以示意 18278 8 1254115 方式說明本發明之基本結構。 命………灿 苒因此，在該等圖式中僅顯示 與本电明有關之兀件，且所顯+ _ 之數目m 兀件並非以實際實施時 之數目、形狀、及尺寸比例等加以緣冑， 數目、形狀及尺寸比例為—種選 二、τ、才 裡k擇丨生之设計，1 局形態可能更為複雜，於此合先敘明。 /、兀件佈 请參閱第1圖，係為本發明 知Θ之廢塑膠處理設備之示咅 圖，該廢塑膠處理設備係台拓 心 两如包括有·一脫氯裝置101、一裂 角午反應裝置1 02、一分離處理梦署 、 衣置103、一燃燒加熱裝置 104、以及一酸氣洗滌塔1〇5盥一 ^ . /、 储/由槽1 〇6。本發明廢塑 ♦處理設備之處理流程主要係 f加刀為脫虱進料、快速裂解、 與燃燒加熱四大部分，主要係將混合廢塑膠投入 =置101中進行處理’藉以形成脫氯熔融物，再將該 入w 衣直iU2裂解產生高溫油氣，再 二：盈油氣經由分離處理裝置1〇3分離成可供利用之液 :油Γ燃氣後，進入該燃燒加熱裝置_之燃燒加熱處 ㈤將加熱之氣體提供該脫氯裝£ 1〇1及裂解反應裝置 1 使用。其細節詳述如下。 h閱第2圖’係為本發明廢塑膠處理設備之脫氣裝 =101細部構造圖。f先將含氯之混合廢塑膠料磨碎後投 ^至進=斗1，經由為驅動馬達3所帶動之螺旋4將廢塑 ，入第支螺旋器2進行熔融動作，接著再由驅動馬達 2動螺旋導入第二支螺旋器2，進行脫氣反應，最後經由 ¥吕8將含氯之〉、昆合廢塑膠所形成之脫氣溶融物送進裂解 反應裝置102。 18278 9 1254115 邊脫氣裝置1 Q 1中之 田4η Π , 動馬達3與驅動馬達3,係可接 用相同規格，且運轉時-# “了知 & 馬達3,之轉速須比驅動馬達3 之轉逮快，俾使第二支蟫旌 嗲脫“广s 热法形成滿管狀態，而可 嘁月兄虱反應產生之HC1經由1总Ί。 n + 、、工由令官丨2進入酸氣洗滌塔105, 同4该兩支螺旋器2、2,間之 盘列魅后广壯 吕路以及弟—支螺旋器2， -、衣解反應裝置1 〇2間之檢技总 衡接s路係採用比螺旋内徑小並 具有言折之管路，以避免Hei π 1 h 1回衝出進料斗1，洗滌塔105 如'猎由循環泵1 6將缓衝槽14內 士 一 曰4内之水循裱贺灑以吸收進入 的HC1，緩衝槽14内的循# k益 」爾辰水错由PH偵測器15將水體 pH值傳到pH控制器19以驅動 且 1勒I液泵1 7適時從鹼液槽j 8 將驗液打域衝彳1 14轉持_水之PH處於弱鹼性，緩 衝槽Η另附有通氣管20連接洗料1〇5排氣出口導引至 廢氣燃燒裝置21。 請參閱第3Α圖，係為本發明廢塑膠處理設備之裂解 反應裝置102細部構造圖。當含氯之混合廢塑膠經上述脫 氣，裝置101熔融、脫氯後，便經由導管將該熔融物送入裂 解反應裝置102中進行裂解以產生高溫油氣。 、 一該裂解反應I置102係採用氣泡式流體化床，流體化 氣體由底部26進入風箱23進一步預熱，通過氣體分布器 25後均勻地將床砂28流體化，並將反應產生之高溫油氣 失Τ出反應床砂，繼績在上通過一乾般區3 〇以避免將砂粒 吹出反應裝置外，接著導入產物分離處理裝置1 〇3。此外， 由於該進入裂解反應裝置102之原料係由前述脫氯裝置 1 〇 1出口 8供應’故於裂解反應區適當位置均設置數個溫 18278 10 1254115 度债測點3 3血# ， 一^力偵測點3 2。 。月参閱第4圖’係為本發明廢塑膠處理設備之產物分 離處理λ & 、 υ j、项4構造圖。混合廢塑膠之脫氯熔融物經 由&迹衣解反應裝置i 02裂解後產生高溫油氣，需經該分 離處理裝晉1 Π q iJ交士―山、 +该咼溫油氣分離成可供後續利用之液態 油與可燃氣。 肩衣解反應裝置！ 02產生之高溫裂解油氣29首先係導 入除V衣置36中，該除蠟裝置36内係以拉西環％填充並 且於外邛不包覆保溫棉，藉以將高溫油氣降至以< :’俾使部份高沸點之虫敗質分子被冷凝下來，循高溫油氣 g路29逆向流回裂解反應裝置丄〇2繼續進一步裂解，其餘 未被冷凝之高溫油氣則通過冷凝器37而被冷凝成液態:導 入油水分離槽38内，以將冷凝下來的產油39與水份4ι ^離’而後再將油品以油果4〇打入儲油才曹ι〇6巾，並藉由 官路43提供本系統之燃燒加熱裝置1〇4燃燒使用。 由於該經過油水分離槽38之氣體尚帶有些微油霧滴 分子，麵由導入除霧槽44以淨化該氣體成為完全氣態 之可燃氣，該可燃氣一部份Μ由其妗J，π ^ 1刀猎由官線47引用作為裂解反應 裝請之流體化氣體，另一部份則經過密封槽45累壓超 過水封壓力46後排出，以藉由管路48導引至廢氣燃燒裝 置後棑放，或導入燃燒加熱裝置1〇4燃燒利用。 請參閱第5圖’係為本發明廢塑膠處理設備之燃燒加 熱裝置1〇4細部構造圖。混合廢塑膠經脫氯裝置所形：之 脫氯熔融物通過前述裂解反應裝置1〇2裂解後產生高溫、、由 18278 11 1254115 氣，再經該分離處理裝置103將該高溫 油氣分離成可供利Analysis), it can be found that PE/PP/PS generally exhibits a one-stage thermogravimetric loss, that is to say, under the elevated temperature conditions of PE/PP/PS, the thermal weight loss changes drastically within the range close to the cracking temperature, before and after There have been no similar drastic changes. The thermogravimetric analysis of PVC plastics presents two-stage thermogravimetric loss. The first phase occurs between 250 and 35 (TC, with a loss of about 50 wt% and weight 5 and the second phase occurs at 40 (after TC. PVC plastics first stage). The thermal weight loss is mainly caused by the formation of HC1 by the C-C1 bond and the CH bond breaking bond, and the remaining high molecular hydrocarbon component is cleaved into small molecules or carbon black in the second stage. It is very thorough, which causes difficulties in the design and operation of subsequent recycling equipment. Therefore, it has great value in developing equipment and processes that can handle mixed waste plastics. In addition, the thermal cracking reaction itself consumes heat energy, generally using electricity. The heat treatment process tends to consume more energy, and is disadvantageous to the process amplification design. [Summary of the Invention] In view of the above problems of the prior art, the main object of the present invention is to mention: a waste plastic processing equipment to contain gas The mixed waste plastic is converted into a liquid oil with a very low milk content and a high calorific value combustible gas which does not contain non-combustible components. ^ Another purpose of this month is to provide a waste plastic processing equipment. The liquid oil and the combustible gas produced by the reaction system can be used as a fuel, and the heat is generated by heat to provide the heat energy required for the waste plastic processing equipment. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention discloses a waste plastic treatment. Equipment, = 2 to melt and dechlorinate the chlorine-containing mixed waste plastic: degassing the sputum to treat the dechlorination smelt obtained by the dechlorination unit to 18278 6 1254115 to generate oil and gas cracking reaction device, - a separation treatment device for separating oil and gas into liquid and flammable gas, and for separately separating and processing the liquid gas and flammable gas produced by the separation process, and supplying the generated gas as a dechlorination device And the combustion heating device for the thermal energy required for the cracking reaction device. 4 The waste plastic processing device of the present invention mainly processes the mixed waste (4) into the deintercalation process to form a degassed melt, and the dechlorination melt is passed through the cracking reaction. The device enters (4) to generate high-temperature oil and gas, and then separates the oil and gas into a usable liquid oil and can be used through the separation processing device:: Second, after the intrusion into the combustion device The combustion heat treatment, the heated gas is supplied to the dechlorination device and the cracking reaction device. In the present invention, the flammable gas system obtained by the separation treatment device is referred to by the gas compressor via a pipeline. Stored in the buffer tank, the outlet pressure is stabilized by the pressure valve, and the gas flow is adjusted by the needle valve, and the reading is observed by the flow meter to act as a chemical gas for the cracking reaction of the reaction device, wherein the fluidization The gas system is preheated by a heating furnace in the combustion heating device and the coil has a coil to increase the heating efficiency of the fluidizing gas. Finally, the pipeline is led to the cracking reaction device for reaction. Further, the combustion heating device The fuel used in the heating furnace is subjected to a reaction treatment by using a liquid oil obtained by separating the product by a separation processing device or a combustible gas to fully utilize the fuel produced by the H system itself. In order to avoid damage to the hot gas conduit due to excessive temperature of the outlet of the heating furnace, it is also designed to inject the cold air into the furnace side, so that the hot gas temperature is about 18278 1254115 8〇〇°c when leaving the heating furnace, and then, the The heat gas generated by the heating furnace is passed through a regulating valve of the cracking reaction device to adjust the gas passing through the outer jacket and the bed sand heating manifold to maintain the temperature of the reaction bed sand between 5 〇〇 and 5 5 0 Between °C, the cleavage reaction of the degassed melt is introduced; and since the temperature of the hot gas after the use of the cleavage reaction device is still as high as about 500 to 6 Torr (rc, it can be continuously introduced into the dechlorination coating, and Heating the plurality of damper bodies on the outer jacket tube line by guiding the hot air to the two spirals of the dechlorination device to control the temperature of the first screw between 150 and 2 thieves for chlorine The melting reaction of the waste plastic, and controlling the temperature of the second screw between 3 〇〇 and 35 〇C to carry out the degassing reaction of the waste plastic melt. Therefore, the waste plastic processing equipment of the present invention; , by the degassing clothes set the same day ^ Handling various kinds of waste plastics containing chlorine to overcome the problem that the waste plastics can not be completely classified in the waste plastic recycling equipment. The combustion heating device of this equipment uses the oil produced by the reaction system. The flammable gas is used as a fuel. The hot gas generated by the combustion is used to provide the heat energy required for the processing equipment, so it can be good, and itching can be used for the heat treatment of the sputum. The problem is beneficial to the system [common application method] Α ϋΤ The following stalks are combined with the accompanying drawings by specific embodiments to further understand the present invention, and those skilled in the art can use the present invention; it is easy to understand the characteristics and effects of the present invention. The present invention can also be implemented or applied by the embodiments, and each of the descriptions of the present invention; 5: The viewpoints are variously modified in the spirit of the invention of Nagasaki: It should be noted that the drawings are simplified. The schematic diagram illustrates the basic structure of the present invention only in the manner of 18278 8 1254115. The life of the invention is such that only the components related to the present invention are displayed in the drawings, and the number of displayed + _ is m. The pieces are not based on the number, shape, and size ratio of the actual implementation. The number, shape, and size ratio are the design of the second, the τ, and the singularity. The shape of the 1st bureau may be more complicated. Please refer to Figure 1 for the first part of the paper. It is a schematic diagram of the waste plastic processing equipment of the invention. The waste plastic processing equipment is the same as the one. The dechlorination device 101, a split-angle reaction device 102, a separation processing dream, a garment 103, a combustion heating device 104, and an acid gas scrubbing tower 1〇5盥一^. /, storage/slot 1 〇 6. The treatment process of the waste plastic ♦ treatment equipment of the invention mainly comprises the following steps: f-feeding, dislocation feed, rapid cracking, and combustion heating, the main part is to mix the waste plastic into the set 101 for processing' Dechlorination of the melt, and then splitting into the iU2 to produce high-temperature oil and gas, and second: the surplus oil is separated into a usable liquid through the separation treatment device 1〇3: after entering the combustion heating device The combustion heating zone (5) provides the dechlorination of the heated gas £ 1〇1 and used cracking reaction apparatus 1. The details are detailed below. h read Fig. 2 is a detailed structure diagram of the degassing device of the waste plastic processing equipment of the present invention. f first grinds the chlorine-containing mixed waste plastic material, and then casts it into the bucket 1. The waste machine is driven by the screw 4 driven by the drive motor 3, and is melted into the first screw 2, and then driven by the motor. 2 The spiral is introduced into the second screw 2 to perform a degassing reaction, and finally, the degassed melt formed by the chlorine-containing and the Kunming waste plastic is sent to the cracking reaction device 102 via the ¥8. 18278 9 1254115 Side degassing device 1 Q 1 in the field 4η Π, the motor 3 and the drive motor 3 can be used in the same specifications, and during operation - # " know & motor 3, the speed must be faster than the drive motor 3 The transfer is fast, so that the second branch is removed from the "wide s heat method to form a full tube state, and the HC1 produced by the reaction of the brothers and sisters passes through 1 total Ί. n + , , work by the official 丨 2 into the acid scrubber 105, the same as the two two spirals 2, 2, between the discs of the charm of Guang Zhuang Lu Lu and brother - auger 2, -, solution The total balance of the test device 1 〇2 is a pipe with a smaller inner diameter than the spiral inner diameter to avoid Hei π 1 h 1 back-flushing into the hopper 1, and the washing tower 105 is as The circulating pump 16 squirts the water in the buffer tank 14 of the inside of the tank 4 to absorb the incoming HC1, and the buffer in the buffer tank 14 is the pH of the water detector by the pH detector 15. The value is transmitted to the pH controller 19 to drive and the 1 liter I pump 1 7 is timely rushed from the lye tank j 8 to the test water. The pH of the water is weakly alkaline, and the buffer tank is additionally attached. The vent pipe 20 is connected to the washing material 1 〇 5 exhaust outlet and guided to the exhaust gas burning device 21. Please refer to Fig. 3, which is a detailed structural view of the cracking reaction device 102 of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention. When the chlorine-containing mixed waste plastic is degassed by the above, the device 101 is melted and dechlorinated, and then the melt is sent to the cracking reaction device 102 via a conduit for cracking to generate high-temperature oil and gas. The cracking reaction I is set to adopt a bubble fluidized bed, and the fluidizing gas is further preheated from the bottom portion 26 into the bellows 23, and the bed sand 28 is fluidized uniformly after passing through the gas distributor 25, and the reaction is generated. The high-temperature oil and gas loses the reaction bed sand, and the successor passes through a dry zone 3 to avoid blowing the sand out of the reaction device, and then introduces the product separation treatment device 1 〇3. In addition, since the raw material entering the cracking reaction device 102 is supplied from the outlet 8 of the dechlorination device 1 '1, a plurality of temperatures 18278 10 1254115 degrees are measured in the appropriate positions in the cracking reaction zone, 3 3 blood # , a ^ Force detection point 3 2. . Referring to Fig. 4, the structure of the product separation processing of the waste plastic processing equipment of the present invention is λ &, υ j, and item 4. The dechlorination melt of the mixed waste plastic is pulverized by the & sifting reaction device i 02 to produce high-temperature oil and gas, and the separation treatment is required to be loaded with Jin 1 Π q iJ 交士-山, + the 咼 temperature oil and gas is separated into a follow-up The use of liquid oil and combustible gas. Shoulder clothing solution! 02 The pyrolysis oil and gas produced 29 is first introduced into the V-coating 36. The wax removing device 36 is filled with Raschig ring % and is not covered with insulating cotton in the outer casing, thereby lowering the high temperature oil and gas to <: '俾 Some of the high-boiling insects are condensed, and the high-temperature oil and gas path 29 flows back to the cracking reactor 丄〇2 to continue further cracking, and the remaining uncondensed high-temperature oil and gas is condensed by the condenser 37. In a liquid state: it is introduced into the oil-water separation tank 38 to separate the condensed oil 39 from the water 4', and then the oil is pumped into the oil storage with the oil 4 才, and the official Road 43 provides combustion of the combustion heating device 1〇4 of the system. Since the gas passing through the oil-water separation tank 38 still carries some micro-oil droplet molecules, the surface is introduced into the defogging tank 44 to purify the gas to become a completely gaseous combustible gas, and a part of the combustible gas is 妗J, π ^ 1 knife hunting is quoted by the official line 47 as the fluidizing gas for the cracking reaction, and the other part is discharged after the pressure in the sealing groove 45 exceeds the water sealing pressure 46, and is discharged to the exhaust gas burning device by the pipeline 48. Dump, or introduce the combustion heating device 1〇4 for combustion. Please refer to Fig. 5, which is a detailed structural view of the combustion heating device 1〇4 of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention. The mixed waste plastic is shaped by a dechlorination device: the dechlorinated melt is lysed by the cleavage reaction device 1〇2 to generate a high temperature, and is separated by 18278 11 1254115 gas, and then the high temperature oil and gas is separated by the separation treatment device 103. Profit
官56以增加流體化氣體的加熱效率，最後導出管線％而 進入裂解反應裝置1 〇2。 此外，為解決系統啟動時並無可燃氣可供使用的問 題，設計啟動時可引用空氣管線51或氮氣5〇作為流體化 氣體。經加熱爐55燃燒產生之熱氣34則導引至裂解反應 裝置102進行加熱。該加熱爐55所使用之燃料可採用產物 分離所得之液態油品43或可燃氣48，以充分利用系統本 身自產之燃料。然為避免加熱爐55出口溫度過高而損害熱 氣導管’另設計由加熱爐55侧注入冷卻空氣57 5使得熱 氣溫度在離開加熱爐55時約為8001：。接著，該由加熱爐 產生之約800。(：熱氣係透過裂解反應裝置之調節閥27調整 通過外夾套22、24及床紗加熱歧管3 1的氣量，將反應床 砂28的溫度維持介於500至5501：之間，以進行脫氯熔融 物之裂解反應。而由於該經裂解反應裝置利用過後之熱氣 溫度仍高達約500至600°C，故可繼續導入前述之脫氯裝 12 18278 1254115 置1 〇 1使用，其係藉由將熱氣調整導引至脫氯裝置之兩支 螺旋器加熱外夾套6與6，管線上的許多風門閥體7，以控 制第一支螺旋器2之溫度介於150至250〇C之間，進行含 氯廢塑膠之熔融反應，及控制第二支螺旋器2，之溫度介於 300至350。(：之間，以進行廢塑膠熔融物之脫氯反應。 亦即，請配合參閱第2圖所示之脫氯裝置丨〇丨細部構 造圖及第3A圖所示之裂解反應裝置1〇2細部構造圖。該 脫氯裝置101之加熱來源係由燃燒加熱裝置1〇4燃燒後產 生之約80(TC的熱氣經過裂解反應裝置1〇2熱交換利用後 排出溫度約600。〇的熱氣10 ,藉由調整導引至兩支螺旋器 加熱外夾套6與6,管線上的許多風門閥體7，來控制第一 ^螺旋器2之溫度介於15〇至25〇。(：之間及控制第二支螺 旋器2,之溫度介於3〇〇^35〇t之間，並使多餘熱氣藉由 閥體9控制排出至大氣！丨。同時，該裂解反應裝置⑺2加 熱來源亦由燃燒加熱裝置104燃燒產生之約8〇(rc的熱氣 34所供應，其係透過調節閥27調整熱氣通過外夾套μ、 24及床砂之加熱歧管31的氣量’以維持反應床砂u的溫 度=於500至550t：之間，而由於該利用過後之熱氣溫度 =尚（約接近500至600。〇，故可繼續導入1〇前述之脫氯 衣置1CU外夹套以供其加熱使用。此外，該通過床砂區之 加熱歧管係以水平分成三支穿過砂床，如第3b圖所示（上 圖為侧視圖’下圖為俯視圖），而該反應裝置入料口及溫 度、壓力偵測點位置則如第3C圖所示（上圖為侧視 下圖為俯視圖）。 ° 18278 13 1254115 相較於f知之處理方式，本發明之廢塑膠處理 汉備“由該脫氯裝置⑻將含氯之混合廢塑膠料進行炫 ㈣乳，故可不須於處理前將廢塑膠分類即可同時處理各 種混合廢塑膠，此外，亦由於該脫氯裝置⑻為特殊之雔 螺旋器結構，因此可改善熔融脫氣反應產生之酸氣回衝^ «進料斗之習知問題，而使該酸氣可直接進人酸氣洗務 1〇5中予以中和之，另，由於該裂解反應裝置102係採 用氣泡式流體化床，將系統產生之可燃氣回流作為流體化 氣體，於絕氧下進行反應，故可使該裂解反應裝置1〇2且 有高傳熱效率並得以連續進料運轉之，再者’該經由裂解 產生之高溫油氣係藉除蠟裝置36將其中沸點較高之蠟質 成份冷凝成液態截留，並回流至裂解反應裝置1〇2内繼續 裂解，因此可避免蠟質成分殘留於所產之液態油品中= 後，復由於本發明之廢塑膠處理設備係藉由燃燒加熱裝置 104將系統自產之油品及可燃氣回收使用做為燃料，而將 燃燒產生之熱氣先利用於流體化氣體預熱，二次利用於裂 解反應裝置102,並三次利用於脫氣裝置ι〇1，以供應整個 系統設備之加熱，故可有效改善習知採用電加熱方式需消 耗大量能源之問題。 貫施例 將塑膠料LDPE+PVC(90wt% :l〇wt% ;其中該PVC含 氯成分約為30wt% )以20kg/hr之進料速度投入脫氯裝置 中，該脫氯裝置之融化區溫度為150至200°C、脫氯區溫 度為3 0 0至3 5 0 C ’於：ί容融脫氣後使熔融物送入裂解反廯 14 18278 1254115 裝置進行裂解，其反應溫度為500至550°C、流體化氣體 流量為350L/min(25t：)，之後再經分離處理裝置分離，產 出1^12.01<^、液態油品48.51^(含氣〇,25-以，比重〇.78, 熱值約9000kcal/L)、以及可燃氣體積約13328l(常溫下）， 含氯量為40 ppm。 再者，將本實施例反應所產生之液態油品與一般柴油 之含碳數透過氣相層析儀（GC)分析並進行比對後（如下圖 所示），明顯可知：本實施例反應所生之油品大多係為含低 碳數之碳氫化合物；另外，本實施例之反應所產生的可辦 氣亦大多為含低碳數之碳氫化合物，故可有效應用於本發 明之處理設備作為燃料使用。 重量百分比％ 8 6 4 2 0 IX 11 11 11 T1The official 56 increases the heating efficiency of the fluidizing gas, and finally leads to the % of the line and enters the cracking reaction unit 1 〇2. In addition, in order to solve the problem that there is no flammable gas available when the system is started, the air line 51 or nitrogen gas 5 〇 can be cited as the fluidizing gas at the start of the design. The hot gas 34 generated by the combustion of the heating furnace 55 is led to the cracking reaction device 102 for heating. The fuel used in the heating furnace 55 can be obtained by separating the liquid oil 43 or the combustible gas 48 obtained by the product to make full use of the fuel produced by the system itself. However, in order to prevent the temperature of the outlet of the heating furnace 55 from being too high to damage the hot gas conduit, it is also designed to inject the cooling air 57 5 from the side of the heating furnace 55 so that the temperature of the hot gas is about 8001 when leaving the heating furnace 55. Next, about 800 is produced by the furnace. (: The hot gas is adjusted by the regulating valve 27 of the cracking reaction device to adjust the gas volume passing through the outer jackets 22, 24 and the bed heating manifold 31, and the temperature of the reaction bed sand 28 is maintained between 500 and 5501: The cleavage reaction of the dechlorination melt, and since the temperature of the hot gas after the use of the cleavage reaction device is still as high as about 500 to 600 ° C, the above-mentioned dechlorination device 12 18278 1254115 can be continuously introduced and used. The outer jackets 6 and 6 are heated by two screws that guide the hot gas adjustment to the dechlorination device, and a plurality of damper bodies 7 on the pipeline are controlled to control the temperature of the first screw 2 to be between 150 and 250 〇C. During the melting reaction of the chlorine-containing waste plastic, and controlling the second screw 2, the temperature is between 300 and 350. (Between: to dechlorination of the waste plastic melt. That is, please refer to Fig. 2 shows a detailed structure diagram of the dechlorination apparatus and a detailed structure diagram of the cracking reaction apparatus 1〇 shown in Fig. 3A. The heating source of the dechlorination apparatus 101 is burned by the combustion heating apparatus 1〇4. Produced about 80 (TC hot gas passed through the cracking reactor 1〇2 heat After the replacement, the discharge temperature is about 600. The hot gas 10 of the crucible is controlled by the adjustment to the two spirals to heat the outer jackets 6 and 6, and the plurality of damper bodies 7 on the pipeline to control the temperature of the first screw 2 Between 15〇 and 25〇. (: between and control the second screw 2, the temperature is between 3〇〇^35〇t, and the excess hot air is controlled to be discharged to the atmosphere by the valve body 9!丨At the same time, the heating source of the cracking reaction device (7) 2 is also supplied by the combustion heat device 104 to generate about 8 Torr (the hot gas 34 of the rc, which is adjusted by the regulating valve 27 to regulate the heating of the hot gas through the outer jackets μ, 24 and the bed sand. The gas volume of the manifold 31 is such that the temperature of the reaction bed sand u is maintained between 500 and 550 t: and since the hot gas temperature after the use is still (about 500 to 600 〇, it is possible to continue to introduce the above-mentioned one. The dechlorination coat is placed on the 1 CU outer jacket for heating. In addition, the heating manifold passing through the bed sand zone is divided horizontally into three passes through the sand bed, as shown in Figure 3b (the figure above is a side view) The figure is a top view), and the position of the inlet and temperature and pressure detection points of the reaction device is as shown in Figure 3C. (The figure above is a top view and the top view is a top view.) ° 18278 13 1254115 Compared with the treatment method of the knowing, the waste plastic processing of the present invention "has the chlorine-containing mixed waste plastic material to be dazzled by the dechlorination device (8) (4) Milk, so it is possible to simultaneously process various mixed waste plastics without sorting the waste plastics before treatment. In addition, since the dechlorination device (8) is a special screw structure, the acid gas generated by the melt degassing reaction can be improved.冲 ^ «The problem of the hopper, so that the acid gas can be directly neutralized in the acid gas washing 1〇5, and, because the cracking reaction device 102 is a bubble fluidized bed, the system The generated combustible gas is refluxed as a fluidizing gas, and the reaction is carried out under anaerobic conditions, so that the cracking reaction device can be made to have a high heat transfer efficiency and can be continuously fed, and the high temperature generated by the cracking The oil and gas system uses the wax removing device 36 to condense the wax component having a higher boiling point into a liquid interception, and refluxes it to the cracking reaction device 1〇2 to continue cracking, thereby preventing the waxy component from remaining in the liquid oil produced.After that, the waste plastic processing equipment of the present invention uses the combustion heating device 104 to recover the oil produced by the system and the combustible gas as fuel, and the hot gas generated by the combustion is first used for preheating the fluidized gas. The utility model is used in the cracking reaction device 102 and used in the degassing device ι〇1 three times to supply the heating of the whole system equipment, so that the problem that the electric heating method consumes a large amount of energy is known to be effectively improved. The plastic material LDPE+PVC (90wt%: l〇wt%; wherein the PVC contains about 30wt% chlorine component) is put into the dechlorination device at a feed rate of 20kg/hr, and the melting zone of the dechlorination device is The temperature is 150 to 200 ° C, the temperature of the dechlorination zone is 300 to 350 ° C ' in: ί, the melt is sent to the cracking ruthenium 14 18278 1254115 device for cracking, the reaction temperature is 500 To 550 ° C, the fluidizing gas flow rate is 350 L / min (25t:), and then separated by a separation treatment device, yielding 1 ^ 12.01 < ^, liquid oil 48.51 ^ (including gas, 25 - to, specific gravity 〇.78, calorific value is about 9000kcal/L), and the combustible gas volume is about 13328l (at normal temperature), and the chlorine content is 40 ppm. Furthermore, after analyzing and comparing the carbon content of the liquid oil produced by the reaction of the present example with the general diesel oil through a gas chromatograph (GC) (as shown in the following figure), it is apparent that the reaction of this embodiment Most of the oils produced are hydrocarbons containing a low carbon number; in addition, the gas generated by the reaction of the present embodiment is mostly a hydrocarbon having a low carbon number, so that it can be effectively applied to the present invention. The processing equipment is used as a fuel. Percent by weight 8 6 4 2 0 IX 11 11 11 T1
18278 15 1254115 45 - 40 ----^ ......... _ν〇1 35 —_____ □ Weight18278 15 1254115 45 - 40 ----^ ......... _ν〇1 35 —_____ □ Weight
iHM C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 30 (%) 25 20 15 10 5 0 C6 C7 碳數 可燃氣之碳數分佈圖(GC分析） 【圖式簡單說s月j 第1圖係為顯示本發明之廢塑膠處理設備構造示意 圖； ^ 第2圖為_示本發明之廢塑膠處理設備中脫氣裝置之 細部構造圖； 第3A圖為顯示本發明之廢塑膠處理設備之裂解反應 1置細部構造圖； 罘3B圖為顯示本發明之廢塑膠處理設備之裂解反應 裝置之加熱歧管侧視及俯視圖； ^乐、3C圖為顯示本發明之廢塑膠處理設備之裂解反應 衣置之溫度债泪彳點盘 卜 ”沾契堡力偵測點之側視及俯視圖； 弟4圖為顯+ 士 ^ , ^ m 〃、本务明廢塑膠處理設備之產物分離處$ 教置細部構造圖； 18278 1254115 第5A圖為顯示本發明之廢塑膠處理設備之燃燒加熱 裝置構造圖；以及 第5B圖為顯示本發明之廢塑膠處理設備中燃燒加熱 裝置之加熱爐構造圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 進料斗 2 第一支螺旋器 2， 第二支螺旋器 3 驅動馬達 3， 驅動馬達 4 螺旋 5 管線 6 外夾套 6， 外夾套 7 風門閥體 8 導管 9 閥體 10 熱氣 11 大氣 12 導管 14 缓衝槽 15 pH偵測器 16 循環泵 17 驗液聚 18 驗液槽 19 pH控制器 20 通氣管 21 廢氣燃燒裝置 22 外夾套 23 風箱 24 外夾套 25 氣體分布器 26 底部 27 調節閥 28 床砂 29 高溫油氣管路 30 乾舷區 31 加熱歧管 32 壓力偵測點 33 溫度偵測點 34 熱氣 35 拉西環 36 除躐裝置 17 18278 冷凝器 38 產油 40 水份 43 除霧槽 45 水封壓力 47 管路 49 缓衝儲槽 51 壓力計 53 流量計 55 盤管 57 脫氯裝置 102 分離處理裝置 104 酸氣洗滌塔 106 18 油水分離槽 油泵 管路 密封槽 管線 防爆型氣體壓縮機 調壓閥 針閥 加熱爐 冷卻空氣 裂解反應裝置 燃燒加熱裝置 儲油槽 ]8278iHM C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 30 (%) 25 20 15 10 5 0 C6 C7 Carbon number of carbon gas distribution map (GC analysis) [Simplified diagram of the figure s month j Figure 1 shows the waste plastic of the present invention Schematic diagram of the processing apparatus; ^ Fig. 2 is a detailed structural view of the degassing device in the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention; Fig. 3A is a structural view showing the cracking reaction 1 of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention; 3B is a side view and a plan view showing the heating manifold of the cracking reaction device of the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 3C is a temperature die teardrop dot plate showing the cracking reaction coating of the waste plastic processing equipment of the present invention.卜 ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ” 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 5B is a structural view showing a combustion heating device of a waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention; and FIG. 5B is a structural view showing a heating furnace of a combustion heating device in the waste plastic processing apparatus of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 Feed hopper 2 First spiral 2, 2nd screw 3 drive motor 3, drive motor 4 screw 5 line 6 outer jacket 6, outer jacket 7 damper body 8 conduit 9 valve body 10 hot air 11 atmosphere 12 conduit 14 buffer tank 15 pH Detect Detector 16 Circulating pump 17 Detecting liquid 18 Test chamber 19 pH controller 20 vent tube 21 Exhaust gas burner 22 Outer jacket 23 Bellows 24 Outer jacket 25 Gas distributor 26 Bottom 27 Regulator 28 Bed sand 29 High temperature oil Gas line 30 Main side 31 Heating manifold 32 Pressure detection point 33 Temperature detection point 34 Hot gas 35 Raschig ring 36 Detachment unit 17 18278 Condenser 38 Oil production 40 Moisture 43 Defogging tank 45 Water seal pressure 47 tube Road 49 Buffer tank 51 Pressure gauge 53 Flow meter 55 Coil 57 Dechlorination unit 102 Separation treatment unit 104 Acid gas scrubber 106 18 Oil water separation tank Oil pump line Sealing tank line Explosion-proof gas compressor Pressure regulating valve Needle valve heating Furnace cooling air cracking reaction device combustion heating device oil storage tank] 8278