1254019 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 此發明是有關昇降台的落下防止裝置，使用於塔式起 重機等的搬運裝置或移載裝置最佳者。 【先前技術】 使用於塔式起重機等的昇降台中，需要落下防止裝置 。在以往的落下防止裝置中，纜線等的懸吊構件被切斷的 話，會將制動器滑塊按壓接觸在導引軌道來防止落下。但 是在此落下防止裝置中，爲了防止昇降台的落下需將制動 器滑塊強壓在導引軌道上，且從落下開始至停止爲止會下 降某程度的距離，而有制動器的效果差的問題。 【發明內容】 (本發明所欲解決的課題） 此發明的基本地課題，是提供一種效果佳的昇降台的 落下防止裝置。申請專利範圍第2項的發明所追加的課題 ，是提供一種當懸吊構件的異常時將落下防止片作動用的 具體的結構。申請專利範圍第3項的發明所追加的課題， 是檢測懸吊構件的鬆弛來防止懸吊構件等的損塲。 (用以解決課題的手段） 此發明，是對於藉由懸吊構件支撐負荷，防止由導引 滾子沿著導引軌道昇降的昇降台的落下用的裝置，其特徵 -4- 1254019 (2) 爲：設有當前述懸吊構件的異常時，下方從捲入導引軌道 及導引滾子之間的楔狀的落下防止片（申請專利範圍第1 項）◦ 較佳是，設有：支撐前述落下防止片的可轉動自如的 制動器操作桿；及隨時與前述制動器操作桿卡合，當懸吊 構件的異常時轉動，藉由從前述卡合位置脫落，容許制動 器操作桿的轉動的停止器；及使前述落下防止片上移動地 將制動器操作桿推迫的推迫手段。 特別是較佳是，設有：當構件的懸吊鬆脫及切斷的任 一時前述停止器即轉動的同時，可檢測懸吊構件的鬆脫及 切斷的手段。 (發明之效果） 在此發明中，昇降台的落下時落下防止片會捲入導引 軌道及導引滾子之間，可形成作爲防止昇降台的落下的楔 的作用。因此此發明的昇降台的落下防止裝置，可確實且 迅速地作動（申請專利範圍第1項）。 申請專利範圍第2項的發明中，因爲隨時藉由停止器 禁止制動器操作桿的轉動，所以可以將制動器操作桿由推 迫手段強力地推迫。而且停止器轉動而與制動器操作桿的 卡合脫落的話’因爲停止器是不會妨害制動器操作桿的轉 動’且可以使用強力推迫手段，所以可更迅速且確實地使 落下防止裝置作動。 申請專利範圍第3項的發明中，懸吊構件被切斷時以 -5- (3) 1254019 外，懸吊構件鬆弛時也使落下防止裝置作動，同時，因爲 可以警報懸吊構件的切斷或鬆脫，所以可以防止懸吊構件 鬆弛損塲等。 【實施方式】 以下顯示本發明將實施的最適實施例。 〔實施例〕1254019 (1) Description of the Invention [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a drop preventing device for a lifting platform, which is preferably used in a conveying device or a transfer device such as a tower crane. [Prior Art] For use in a lifting platform such as a tower crane, a fall prevention device is required. In the conventional fall prevention device, when the suspension member such as a cable is cut, the brake slider is pressed against the guide rail to prevent falling. However, in this drop preventing device, in order to prevent the falling of the lifting platform, the brake slider is strongly pressed against the guide rail, and a certain distance is lowered from the start to the stop, and the effect of the brake is poor. [Problem to be Solved by the Invention] A basic problem of the present invention is to provide a fall prevention device for an elevator which is excellent in effect. An additional problem of the invention of claim 2 is to provide a specific structure for the fall prevention sheet to be used when the suspension member is abnormal. An additional problem of the invention of claim 3 is to detect slack of the suspension member and prevent damage of the suspension member or the like. (Means for Solving the Problem) The present invention relates to a device for supporting a load by a suspension member to prevent the lifting platform from being lowered and lowered by the guide roller along the guide rail, and the feature is -4- 1254019 (2) It is preferable to provide a wedge-shaped falling prevention sheet between the guide rail and the guide roller when the abnormality of the suspension member is provided (the first application of the patent scope). a rotatable brake lever that supports the drop prevention piece; and engages with the brake lever at any time, and rotates when the suspension member is abnormal, and allows the brake lever to rotate by being detached from the engagement position. a stopper; and a pushing means for pushing the brake lever to move the aforementioned drop preventing piece. In particular, it is preferable to provide a means for detecting the loosening and cutting of the suspension member while the stopper is rotated when the suspension of the member is loosened or cut. (Effect of the Invention) In the present invention, the falling prevention sheet is caught between the guide rail and the guide roller when it is dropped, and can function as a wedge for preventing the falling of the lifting platform. Therefore, the fall prevention device of the elevating table of the present invention can be actuated reliably and quickly (patent 1 of the patent application). In the invention of claim 2, since the rotation of the brake operating lever is prohibited by the stopper at any time, the brake operating lever can be strongly urged by the pushing means. Further, if the stopper rotates and the engagement with the brake operating lever is detached, the stop device does not hinder the rotation of the brake operating lever, and the strong pushing means can be used, so that the falling prevention device can be actuated more quickly and surely. In the invention of claim 3, when the suspension member is cut, it is -5-(3) 1254019. When the suspension member is slack, the drop prevention device is also actuated, and at the same time, the suspension member can be shut off. Or loose, so it can prevent the suspension member from loosening and the like. [Embodiment] The most preferred embodiment to be implemented by the present invention is shown below. [Examples]
第1圖〜第4圖，是顯示實施例及其變形。在這些圖 中，1是昇降台，例如塔式起重機等的搬運裝置的昇降台 ，但是不限定於此，只要是使用導引軌道2及導引滾子8 的昇降台皆可以。3是設在昇降台1的移載裝置安裝部， 安裝有滑動叉或標量臂等的移載裝置。4是齒形皮帶，將 其兩端安裝在皮帯安裝部6、7，由齒形皮帶4支撐昇降 台1的負荷。且下側的皮帯安裝部6是對於昇降台1可上 下動自如，可取代將齒形皮帶4作爲懸吊構件，而使用皮 帶或纜線等的懸吊構件也可以。8是導引滾子，沿著導引 軌道2導引昇降台1。 9是洛下檢測裝置’在固定於下側的皮帯安裝部6的 懸吊螺絲1 〇的上端部等，安裝有凸緣1 1。在凸緣1 1的 下面及移載裝置安裝部3的上面等之間，設置彈簧12等 的推迫手段，將凸緣1 1朝上側推迫。且在凸緣1 1的上側 安裝有凸輪1 4，由彈簧1 2的伸縮使凸輪1 4可上下動。 齒形皮帶4是正常的情況，因爲藉由於其張力使皮帯安裝 部6朝下側被拉引，所以彈簧1 2被壓縮，使凸輪1 4是在 -6- 1254019 (4) 低位置，若齒形皮帶4鬆弛或切斷的話，由彈簧1 2的力 量使凸輪1 4往高位置上昇。 凸輪1 4及停止器1 6之間，是有若干的間隙，當凸輪 1 4上昇預定量以上的話，會與停止器1 6接觸使停止器以 轉動軸1 7爲中心地轉動◦在停止器1 6中，設有靠凸輪的 臂16a及靠制動器操作桿21的臂16b，較佳是使臂i6b 形成比臂1 6 a長，凸輪1 4接觸停止器1 6後只要稍微上昇 的話，停止器1 6的先端的銷1 9會大轉動。且2個臂1 6a 、16b會一體地相互固定。18是彈簧等的推迫手段，停止 器1 6的先端的銷1 9，是與制動器操作桿2 1的卡合部25 卡合地推迫。如此，由昇降台1的加減速等所產生的凸輪 14的上下動中，使銷1 9不會從卡合部2 5脫落。凸輪i 4 及停止器1 6，雖是構成作爲懸吊構件的齒形皮帶4的鬆 脫及切斷的檢測構件，但是齒形皮帶4的鬆弛或切斷的檢 測方法本身可任意。 20是落下防止裝置本體，21是制動器操作桿，22是 其轉動軸，彈簧23是推迫手段的例，使落下防止片28朝 上方向移動地推迫制動器操作桿2 1。在制動器操作桿2 1 設置如前述的卡合部25，在此卡合停止器1 6的先端的銷 1 9，藉由銷1 9防止制動器操作桿2 1的轉動。2 9是接觸 開關或光電檢測器等的檢測器，檢測制動器操作桿2 1的 轉動的話，可輸出落下防止裝置的作動訊號，由無圖示控 制盤發出警報。然而檢測器29，可取代檢測制動器操作 桿21的作動，而檢測停止器1 6的轉動，或凸輪14的位 1254019 (5) 置等也可以。 第2圖、第3圖，是詳細顯不落下防止裝置本體20 的結構。落下防止片2 8是形成朝向上方的楔狀的形狀， 安裝於擺動片3 2，藉由作爲推迫手段的例的彈簧3 4，使 落下防止片2 8的導引軌道側的面，是成爲與導引軌道2 平行地推迫。且擺動片3 2，是藉由轉動軸3 5對於制動器 操作桿2 1可轉動自如，使用轉動制限片3 3來制限擺動片 3 2的轉動範圍，藉由扭簧3 6使擺動片3 2對於制動器操 作桿2 1保持預定的方向。在實施例中，爲了將落下防止 片28的方向保持在預定的範圍，雖使用2個彈簧34、36 ，但是只有這些的一方也可以。 說明實施例的動作。皮帶安裝部6是對於昇降台1可 上下滑動自如，因爲從齒形皮帶4施加皮帯安裝部6的張 力，所以彈簧1 2被壓縮，使凸輪1 4是位置在已下降的位 置。在此齒形皮帶4是預定量以上，例如比通常的加減速 的鬆脫更多鬆脫，或者是齒形皮帶4被切斷時，施加於皮 帶安裝部6的張力是減少至預定範圍以下的話，藉由彈簧 1 2的推迫使凸輪14上昇，藉此使停止器1 6轉動，使銷 1 9從卡合部2 5脫落。 然而在昇降台1的加減速等中，變化停止器1 6的姿 勢，使銷1 9不會從卡合部2 5脫落地由彈簧1 8推迫。且 推迫制動器操作桿20的彈簧23，雖是爲了將制動器操作 桿2 1迅速確實地轉動而由大的力量推迫，但是此力量是 藉由停止器1 6被機械地支撐。 -8 - 1254019 (6) 銷1 9從卡合部2 5脫落，使制動器操作桿2 1成爲自 由的話，藉由彈簧23的力量，使落下防止片28是朝上側 移動，使制動器操作桿2 1轉動。此時落下防止片2 8，是 藉由彈簧3 4或扭簧3 6限制方向，並沿著導引軌道2或導 引滾子8朝上移動。落下防止片2 8是朝上側移動的話， 因爲藉由落下時的導引滾子8的旋轉，使落下防止片28 捲入導引滾子8及導引軌道2之間，作爲楔作用，所以昇 降台1的落下可以瞬間停止。 由檢測器2 9檢測制動器操作桿2 1的轉動，於控制盤 等發出警報，進行復舊作業。且因齒形皮帶4驰鬆，使張 力下降至預定値以下的情況時，也可轉動制動器操作桿 2 1，使昇降台1停止。藉此，可防止齒形皮帶對於帶輪等 脫齒，可以防止齒形皮帶4的損塲。 實施例中雖顯示將齒形皮帶作爲的懸吊構件的例，但 是將纜線作爲懸吊構件也可以。將這種變形例顯示第4圖 的話，將懸吊螺絲42安裝在纜線40，將彈簧43配置在 昇降台的托架44及凸緣45之間來支撐昇降台。將凸輪 46設震在懸吊螺絲42的先端，使用與實施例的停止器1 6 同樣的停止器47，藉此控制落下防止裝置本體20。然而 彈胃48，是由來自落下防止裝置本體20的力量來防止停 止器4 7的轉動。 【圖式簡單說明】 〔第1圖〕實施例的昇降台的落下裝置的前視圖。 -9- 1254019 (7) 〔第2圖〕顯示將實施例的落下防止裝置本體從裏面 側所見的圖。 〔第3圖〕實施例的落下防止裝置本體的側面圖。 〔第4圖〕將落下檢測裝置的變形例模式地顯示的圖 〔圖號說明〕Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 show the embodiment and its modifications. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a lifting platform, such as a lifting platform of a conveying device such as a tower crane. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any lifting platform that uses the guide rail 2 and the guide roller 8 may be used. 3 is a transfer device mounting portion provided in the lift table 1, and a transfer device such as a slide fork or a scalar arm is attached. 4 is a toothed belt, and both ends thereof are attached to the skin mounting portions 6, 7 and the load of the lifting platform 1 is supported by the toothed belt 4. Further, the lower skin attaching portion 6 may be movable up and down with respect to the lifting platform 1, and may be a suspension member such as a belt or a cable instead of using the toothed belt 4 as a hanging member. 8 is a guide roller that guides the lifting platform 1 along the guiding track 2. 9 is a lower detecting portion of the lower hanging detecting device 6 attached to the lower side of the skin mounting portion 6, and the flange 11 is attached. Between the lower surface of the flange 1 1 and the upper surface of the transfer device mounting portion 3, etc., a biasing means such as a spring 12 is provided to urge the flange 1 1 upward. Further, a cam 14 is attached to the upper side of the flange 1 1, and the cam 14 can be moved up and down by the expansion and contraction of the spring 12. The toothed belt 4 is a normal condition because the spring 12 is compressed by the tension of the skin mounting portion 6 toward the lower side, so that the cam 14 is at a low position of -6-1254019 (4). If the toothed belt 4 is slack or cut, the force of the spring 12 raises the cam 14 to a high position. There is a certain gap between the cam 14 and the stopper 16. When the cam 14 rises by a predetermined amount or more, it will come into contact with the stopper 16 to rotate the stopper around the rotating shaft 17 and stop at the stopper. In the case of 16, the arm 16a of the cam and the arm 16b of the brake lever 21 are provided. Preferably, the arm i6b is formed longer than the arm 16a, and the cam 14 is stopped when it contacts the stopper 16. The pin 1 9 of the tip end of the device 16 will rotate greatly. The two arms 16a and 16b are integrally fixed to each other. 18 is a pushing means of a spring or the like, and the pin 19 of the tip end of the stopper 16 is urged in engagement with the engaging portion 25 of the brake operating lever 2 1 . As described above, the pin 14 does not fall off from the engaging portion 25 during the up and down movement of the cam 14 caused by the acceleration or deceleration of the elevating table 1. The cam i 4 and the stopper 1 6 are detecting members for detaching and cutting the toothed belt 4 as a suspension member, but the method of detecting the slack or cutting of the toothed belt 4 itself may be arbitrary. 20 is a drop preventing device body, 21 is a brake operating lever, 22 is a rotating shaft thereof, and spring 23 is an example of a pushing means for biasing the falling prevention piece 28 upward to urge the brake operating lever 21. The brake operating lever 2 1 is provided with the engaging portion 25 as described above, and the pin 19 of the leading end of the engaging stopper 16 is prevented from rotating the brake operating lever 21 by the pin 19. 2 9 is a detector such as a contact switch or a photodetector. When the rotation of the brake lever 2 1 is detected, an operation signal of the fall prevention device can be output, and an alarm is issued by the control panel without a picture. However, instead of detecting the actuation of the brake operating lever 21, the detector 29 may detect the rotation of the stopper 16, or the position of the cam 14 at 1254019 (5). Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show the structure of the main body 20 of the prevention device in detail. The fall prevention sheet 28 is formed into a wedge-shaped shape that faces upward, and is attached to the swing piece 3 2, and the surface of the guide rail side of the drop preventing piece 28 is attached by the spring 34 as an example of the pushing means. It becomes pushed in parallel with the guide rail 2. And the swinging piece 3 2 is rotatably rotatable to the brake operating lever 21 by the rotating shaft 35, and the rotating limiting piece 3 3 is used to limit the rotation range of the swinging piece 3 2 , and the swinging piece 3 2 is made by the torsion spring 36 The brake operating lever 21 is maintained in a predetermined direction. In the embodiment, in order to keep the direction of the drop preventing sheet 28 within a predetermined range, two springs 34 and 36 are used, but only one of them may be used. The operation of the embodiment will be described. The belt attachment portion 6 is slidable up and down with respect to the elevating table 1, and since the tension of the corrugated mounting portion 6 is applied from the toothed belt 4, the spring 12 is compressed, so that the cam 14 is at a position where the position is lowered. Here, the toothed belt 4 is a predetermined amount or more, for example, looser than the normal acceleration/deceleration release, or when the toothed belt 4 is cut, the tension applied to the belt attachment portion 6 is reduced to a predetermined range or less. If the spring 14 is pushed by the spring 12, the stopper 14 is raised, whereby the stopper 16 is rotated, and the pin 19 is detached from the engaging portion 25. However, in the acceleration/deceleration of the elevating table 1, etc., the posture of the stopper 16 is changed, and the pin 19 is pushed by the spring 18 without coming off the engaging portion 25. Further, the spring 23 of the brake operating lever 20 is urged by a large force to rapidly and reliably rotate the brake operating lever 21, but this force is mechanically supported by the stopper 16. -8 - 1254019 (6) When the pin 1 9 comes off from the engaging portion 25 and the brake lever 2 1 is free, the falling prevention piece 28 is moved upward by the force of the spring 23, so that the brake lever 2 is actuated. 1 turn. At this time, the falling prevention piece 2 8 is restricted by the spring 34 or the torsion spring 36, and is moved upward along the guide rail 2 or the guide roller 8. When the falling prevention piece 28 is moved upward, the falling prevention piece 28 is caught between the guide roller 8 and the guide rail 2 by the rotation of the guide roller 8 at the time of falling, thereby acting as a wedge. The falling of the lifting platform 1 can be stopped instantaneously. The rotation of the brake operating lever 2 1 is detected by the detector 29, and an alarm is issued on the control panel or the like to perform the old work. Further, when the toothed belt 4 is loosened and the tension is lowered to a predetermined value or less, the brake operating lever 2 can be rotated to stop the lifting table 1. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the toothed belt from being released from the pulley or the like, and it is possible to prevent the toothed belt 4 from being damaged. In the embodiment, an example in which a toothed belt is used as a suspension member is shown, but the cable may be used as a suspension member. When the modification is shown in Fig. 4, the suspension screw 42 is attached to the cable 40, and the spring 43 is placed between the bracket 44 of the lifting platform and the flange 45 to support the lifting platform. The cam 46 is set at the tip end of the suspension screw 42, and the same stopper 47 as the stopper 16 of the embodiment is used, whereby the fall prevention device body 20 is controlled. However, the tampon 48 is prevented from rotating by the force from the drop preventing device body 20 to stop the stopper 47. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [Fig. 1] A front view of a dropping device of a lifting platform of an embodiment. -9- 1254019 (7) Fig. 2 is a view showing the main body of the fall prevention device of the embodiment as seen from the inside. [Fig. 3] A side view of the main body of the fall prevention device of the embodiment. [Fig. 4] A diagram schematically showing a modification of the drop detecting device [illustration of the figure]
1 :昇降台 2 :導引軌道 3 =移載裝置安裝部 4 :齒形皮帶 6、7 :皮帶安裝部 8 :導引滾子 9 :落下檢測裝置 1 〇 :懸吊螺絲1 : Lifting table 2 : Guide rail 3 = Transfer device mounting part 4 : Toothed belt 6 , 7 : Belt mounting part 8 : Guide roller 9 : Drop detection device 1 〇 : Suspension screw
1 1 :凸緣 1 2 :彈簧 1 4 :凸輪 1 6 :停止器 1 7 :轉動軸 1 8 :彈簧 1 9 :銷 20:落下防止裝置本體 2 1 :制動器操作桿 -10- 1254019 (8) 22 :轉動軸 2 3 :彈簧 2 5 :卡合部 2 8 :落下防止片 29 :檢測器 3 2 :擺動片1 1 : Flange 1 2 : Spring 1 4 : Cam 1 6 : Stop 1 7 : Rotary shaft 1 8 : Spring 1 9 : Pin 20 : Drop prevention device body 2 1 : Brake lever -10- 1254019 (8) 22: Rotary shaft 2 3 : Spring 2 5 : Engagement portion 2 8 : Drop prevention sheet 29 : Detector 3 2 : Swing piece
3 3 :轉動制限片 3 4 :彈簧 3 5 :轉動軸 3 6 :扭簧 40 :纜線 4 2 :懸吊螺絲 4 3 :彈簧3 3 : Rotating tab 3 4 : Spring 3 5 : Rotating shaft 3 6 : Torsion spring 40 : Cable 4 2 : Suspension screw 4 3 : Spring
44 :托架 4 5 :凸緣 4 6 :凸輪 47 :停止器 48 :彈簧 -11 -44 : Bracket 4 5 : Flange 4 6 : Cam 47 : Stopper 48 : Spring -11 -