1253511 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係與反光物件有關，詳而言之係指一種提高反光物 件之之製法及一種反光物件之製成物，使反光物件具有較佳之 反光效率及防水性者。 【先前技術】 按，反光物件，例如反光片，具有將發射源之光線反射回 發射源之效果，因此廣泛使用於交通及個人之安全性應用。 反光片係由聚合物所製成，具有二種結構類型，其一為在 聚合物上嵌埋反光性之玻璃微珠；另一種則係於聚合物上製作 出立體角元件，藉由立體角元件反射光線。 第一、二圖係顯示習知一種具有立體角元件(12)之聚合物 (反光片）(10)，該等立體角元件(12)係密佈於聚合物之背面，立 體角元件(12)係為微小尺寸，例如〇·〇5麵至0.005匪。各立體 角元件係呈金字塔形，如第一圖所示，具有一頂點(14)以及三 個光學面(15)。相鄰二立體角元件之光學面間係形成一 ν形凹 槽(16)。請參閱第二圖，入射之光線(X)自聚合物正面射入後， 經由光學面(15)而反射回去。 聚合物(10)之所以能反射光線，乃係光學面(15)折射光線 之作用所產生。然而，單純藉由光學面反射光線，其反光率仍 有不佳。 此外，當有水份沾附於光學面(15)時，將使聚合物(1〇)喪 失或大幅減損反光效果。因此，實際使用上，欲將聚合物固定 於一物體上時，例如衣服，須採行防水措施。請參閱第二圖， 傳統方式係先將聚合物(10)以高週波黏合之方式黏著於一塑 膠片（17)上，令聚合物之周緣與塑膠片產生密封之防水效果， 1253511 =得水分無法接難合物之光學面；接著再將聚合物⑽連同 _膠片（17)-_定於衣服(18)或其他物體上，如此即形成 二反光衣或反光設備。㈣，高週波黏合之防水處理係增加製 程及成本。 ^ 【發明内容】 Μ本發Γ旨於解決上揭缺失，其主要目的在於提供—種反光 物件，使其具有較佳之反光效果。 本發明之另—目的在於提供—種反光物件，其具有防水 性’不怕水洗及雨淋。 種反光物件之製法，以製成 本發明之再一目的在於提供一 上述目的之反光物件。 爰以達成上揭目的，本發明所提供之反光物件，係由一聚 a物所製成’其背面係一微結構面，該微結構面係由多數微小 之立體角it件陣列而成，—反射層，塗覆於該微結構面之表 面；-保護層’塗覆於該反騎之表面；藉以提高該反光物件 之反光性，並使其具有防水效果。 ^本發明所提供之製法，包含冑：製成反綠件之階段、提 ^亥反光物件反光能力之製作階段，以及使該反光物件具備防 水性之製造階段。 關於製成反光物件之方法，包含下列步驟： (A)、將-聚合物材料以連續押出之方式製成—片狀之聚 合物； >⑻、將該聚合物之背面經由—模具成型出—微結構面， 該微結構面係由多數立體角元件陣列而成； ，藉此即衣成具有將入射光反射之功能之反光物件；光線 係由聚合物之正面射人，麵該微結構面之讀肖元件而反射 1253511 回發光處。 關於提高反光物件之反光能力之製作方法，包含下列步 驟： (A) 、提供一反光物件，該反光物件之背面係具有一微結 構面’該微結構面係由多數立體角元件陣列而成；光線係由該 反光物件之正面射入反光物件後，由該微結構面之立體角元件 反射； (B) 、將一金屬反射層塗覆於該微結構面，形成一提高反 射率之反射介面，以增加該反光物件之反光能力。 關於使該反光物件具有防水性並保持其高反光率之製 ® 法，係包含下列步驟： (A)、長：供一具有金屬反射層之反光物件，該反射層係塗 覆於該反光物件之具有反射功能之微結構面之表面； (Β)、將一保護層塗覆於該反射層，使反光物件之微結構 面及反射層具有防水作用，並避免該反射層氧化、脫落之情況。 【實施方式】 為使貴審查委員能進一步瞭解本發明之目的、結構特徵 - 及功效，以下謹舉本發明二較佳實施例詳為說明。圖式之安排参 為： 第一圖係習知一種聚合物之立體角元件之陣列正視圖。 第一圖係具有立體角元件之聚合物之剖面圖。 第三圖係本發明一較佳實施例所製成之反光物件之剖面 圖。 第四圖係本發明-較佳實施例之製造過程之示意圖。 第五圖顯示本發明之製成物固定於一物體上之狀態。 第六圖係本發明另—較佳實施例之製造過程之示意圖。 7 1253511 本發明係揭露一種反光物件，例如反光片，其結構如第三 圖所不。同時，本發明之較佳實施例亦揭露二種製作 之㈣’其製造方法係將-聚合物成型出具有多=== 之被，構面，復於該微結構面之表面塗覆一反射層及一保護 層，藉以使該反光片具有較佳之反光性及防水性。 一立第四圖顯示本發明一較佳實施例之前揭段之製作流程之 不思圖，本實施例之製程係配合一押出設備(3〇)、一 一鏡面輪(38)等設備。 …(） 列牛^發明一較佳實施例所提供之反光物件之製法係包含下 (A)、將一高分子聚合物材料以押出設備連續性地押出 片狀聚合物： 如第四圖所示，本發明係將一高分子聚合物材料直接以一 押出設備⑽藉由連續押出之方式，押出片狀聚合物(4〇)。本 ，明所使用之聚合物可為熱塑性或熱固性之聚合物，為含有重 複鍵聯單位之天_人工合狀歸化合物，例如齡廣泛使 =之PVC(聚氯乙烯）、Pu(聚胺脂樹脂）、τρυ(熱可塑性聚胺樹 月曰）、PP(聚丙烯）、PE(聚乙烯）、PET(聚脂纖維)及pEVA等。 一押出設備(3〇)可為單螺桿或雙螺桿之押出機。聚合物材料 經由押出機熱押出連續狀之片狀聚合物(4〇)。 (B)、於聚合物之背面以模具成型出一微結構面·· 、接著於押製成之片狀聚合物(40)背面以一模具(32)連績地 成型出一微結構面(42)。該模具(32)於本實施例係一滾輪，其 1面為θ壓紋面，该壓紋面密佈有多數之金字塔形凹穴(36)。 藉由该壓紋面之壓製，使聚合物之微結構面(42)成型出呈陣列 狀之多數金字塔形之立體肖元件(45)。各立體肖元件(4〇)係如 1253511 同第一圖所示者’具有三個光學面(46)及該等光學面所交接之 一頂點(48)。 須說明的是，第四圖之圖式係便於暸解，故在相關元件係 有縮小或放大之呈現。模具(32)及下文中將敘述之鏡面輪(38) 係縮小表示；而凹穴(36)、立體角元件(45)及下文中將敘述之 薄膜則係放大表示。 (C) 、將該聚合物之正面與一薄膜假性貼合： 於本實施例，聚合物於成型該等立體角元件(45)之同時， 係藉由一鏡面輪(38)將一支撐薄膜，例如pET薄膜(5〇)，以熱 滾軋之方式貼合於该聚合物(4〇)正面，使聚合物於硬化（自然 硬化或水冷硬化）保持定型。該鏡面輪(38)並使聚合物之正面 保持平整；而該薄膜(50)係保護聚合物之正面，防止使用前磨 損。 經由以上三個步驟，即完成具有反光效果之反光物件。 須說明的是，於實際生產上，並不以貼合該薄膜(50)為必 要。 (D) 、將一金屬反射層塗覆於聚合物之微結構面： 、、接者，於遠t合物(4〇)之微結構面(42)以真空電鐘之方式 塗覆一金屬性反射層(52)，如第三圖。所使用之金屬物質可為 Ί、鉻、錫、鎳、銘或銀等，該等材質均具有高亮度及高 反光性。本貫施例之反射層(52)為-紹質之電鑛層，該反射層 係依照立體角元件(45)之形狀而均勻地塗覆，因此，每一光學 面(46)之表面係文反射層均勻地塗著。反射層(5幻於每一反射 面係形成一反射介面，提高光學面之反射率。 (E) 、將一保護層塗覆於該反射層： 於該反射層(52)塗裝完成後，於其表面塗覆—層保護層 1253511 (54)。所選用之保護層(54)係視反射層(52)所選用之材質而定， 使得保護層能與反射層良好的接合，且不會影塑反射層之物 性。 -曰 该保護層(54)係具有防水性，使得水份或污物不會觸及反 射層(52)及光學面(46)。同時，保護層係具有防止反射層氧化 之作用，以避免反射層氧化、腐钱而自光學面剝落之情形。 完成上述之製程後，即製成本發明之反光物件，其構造如 弟三圖所示。 光源之光線(Y)自聚合物(4〇)正面射入聚合物缘，係於立體 角元件(45)之光學面(46)折射，復反射回光源所在。反射層(μ) 所形成之反射介面係提高光線之反射效果，其反光率較習知物 件提高約20%至50%。 因保護層(54)具有防水作用，故該反光物件可直接於潮濕 環境中使用，亦可經水洗、雨淋，而不喪失或賴其反光效能。、 同時，保護層以具有耐腐蝕性為佳，以利於在具有酸性條件之 環境中使用。 - 藉由該反光物件之防水性及耐腐蝕性，於實際應 · 參閱第五圖，本發明可將反光物件直接固定於1物體參 例如車縫於衣服而成為一反光衣；或黏著於一適當的平面，形 成-反光設備，例如作為路標使用，或交通卫具之反光標示。 如此，本發明之製祕可雄，無進行f知高週波黏 合之防水處理，可減化應用上之實施作業及降低成本。 於使用時，如第五圖所示，係將假⑽合於聚合物正面之 薄膜撕下，使光線直接自聚合物正面入射。 圖所不者’係本發明另一較佳實施例之製程示意圖。 於本貫施例中，聚合物材料經由押出設備⑽製成片狀聚合物 10 1253511 麵面(76)， ..,、溥膜(80)以熱滾軋之方式假性貼合於聚 二桿仰之2。接*於該微結構面(76)塗覆-層反射層及-層保=層。元祕之反絲^件與第三騎示之結構相同。 ^所陳’本發騎提供之反光物件，纽絲係較習知 tt1!:具防水效果’可直接於潮濕環境中使用，誠具有 发依法提出申請。祈#審查委員秉於_國人 創㈣明之美意嗜冗詳為審視，並早日賜准本案專利為禱。 1253511 【圖式簡單說明】 種聚合物之立體角元件之陣列正視圖。 第體;::之聚合物之剖面圖。 g。 ^實施例所製狀反光物件之剖面 =:本ΓΓ較佳實施例之製造過程之示意圖。 f五圖咖本發明之製成物固定於-物體上之狀態。 弟六圖係本發明另—較佳實施例之製造過程之示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (30)(70)押出設備 (36)凹穴 (40)(72)聚合物 (45)立體角元件 (48)頂點 (52)反射層 (60)物體 (32)(74)模具 (38)鏡面輪 (42)(76)微結構面 (46)光學面 (50)(80)薄膜 (54)保護層1253511 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a retroreflective article, and more particularly to a method for improving a reflective article and a product of a reflective article, so that the reflective article has better reflection Efficiency and water resistance. [Prior Art] Pressing, reflective articles, such as reflectors, have the effect of reflecting the light from the source back to the source, and are therefore widely used in transportation and personal safety applications. The retroreflective sheeting is made of a polymer and has two structural types, one of which is to embed the reflective glass microbeads on the polymer; the other is to form a solid angle element on the polymer, by solid angle The component reflects light. The first and second figures show a conventional polymer (reflector) (10) having a cube-corner element (12) which is densely attached to the back of the polymer and has a solid angle element (12). It is a small size, such as 〇·〇5 to 0.005匪. Each of the cube corner elements has a pyramid shape, as shown in the first figure, having a vertex (14) and three optical faces (15). A v-shaped groove (16) is formed between the optical faces of adjacent two cube corner elements. Referring to the second figure, the incident light (X) is reflected from the front side of the polymer and reflected back through the optical surface (15). The reason why the polymer (10) can reflect light is the effect of the optical surface (15) refracting light. However, the light reflectance is still poor by simply reflecting light through the optical surface. In addition, when moisture adheres to the optical surface (15), the polymer (1〇) is lost or the reflective effect is greatly impaired. Therefore, in actual use, when the polymer is to be fixed to an object, such as clothes, waterproof measures must be taken. Please refer to the second figure. In the traditional way, the polymer (10) is adhered to a plastic sheet (17) by high-frequency bonding, so that the periphery of the polymer and the plastic sheet are sealed and waterproof. 1253511 = Water The optical surface of the incompetent compound cannot be attached; then the polymer (10) is placed on the garment (18) or other object together with the film (17)--, thus forming a double reflector or a reflective device. (4) The waterproof treatment of high frequency bonding increases the process and cost. ^ [Summary of the Invention] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies, and its main purpose is to provide a kind of reflective object to have a better reflective effect. Another object of the present invention is to provide a retroreflective article which is water resistant' not afraid of washing and raining. A method of making a retroreflective article for the purpose of the present invention is to provide a retroreflective article of the above purpose. In order to achieve the above object, the reflective article provided by the present invention is made of a poly-a material whose back surface is a microstructured surface which is formed by an array of a plurality of minute solid angles. a reflective layer applied to the surface of the microstructured surface; a protective layer applied to the surface of the anti-riding; thereby improving the light reflectivity of the reflective article and providing a waterproof effect. The method provided by the present invention comprises: a stage of forming an anti-green member, a stage of producing a reflective property of the reflective object, and a manufacturing stage for making the reflective article water-repellent. The method for producing a reflective article comprises the following steps: (A), forming a polymer material in a continuous extrusion manner - a sheet-like polymer; > (8), forming the back side of the polymer through a mold a microstructured surface, the microstructured surface being formed by an array of a plurality of cube-corner elements; thereby forming a reflective article having a function of reflecting incident light; the light is incident on the front side of the polymer, and the microstructure is The surface is read and the 1253511 is reflected back to the light. The method for manufacturing the reflective capability of the reflective object comprises the following steps: (A) providing a reflective object having a microstructured surface on the back side of the reflective object. The microstructured surface is formed by arraying a plurality of solid angle elements; The light is reflected from the front surface of the reflective object into the reflective object, and is reflected by the solid angle element of the microstructured surface; (B) applying a metal reflective layer to the microstructured surface to form a reflective interface for improving reflectivity To increase the reflective ability of the reflective object. The method for making the reflective article waterproof and maintaining its high reflectivity comprises the following steps: (A), long: for a reflective article having a metallic reflective layer, the reflective layer being applied to the reflective article a surface of the microstructured surface having a reflective function; (Β), applying a protective layer to the reflective layer, so that the microstructured surface and the reflective layer of the reflective article have a waterproof function, and the oxidation layer is prevented from oxidizing or falling off . [Embodiment] In order to enable the reviewing committee to further understand the object, structural features, and effects of the present invention, the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided. The arrangement of the drawings is as follows: The first figure is a front view of an array of solid angle elements of a polymer. The first figure is a cross-sectional view of a polymer having cube corner elements. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a retroreflective article made in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fourth drawing is a schematic view of the manufacturing process of the present invention - the preferred embodiment. The fifth figure shows the state in which the finished product of the present invention is fixed to an object. Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the manufacturing process of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. 7 1253511 The present invention discloses a reflective article, such as a retroreflective sheeting, the structure of which is as shown in the third figure. At the same time, the preferred embodiment of the present invention also discloses two methods of manufacturing (four) 'the manufacturing method is to form a polymer having a plurality of ===, a facet, and a surface coated on the surface of the microstructured surface is coated with a reflection The layer and a protective layer are used to make the retroreflective sheet have better light reflectivity and water repellency. The fourth figure shows the manufacturing process of the pre-existing section of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The process of this embodiment is matched with a device such as an ejecting device (3〇) and a mirror wheel (38). The method of manufacturing the retroreflective article provided by the preferred embodiment comprises the following (A): continuously pushing a polymer material into the sheet polymer by using an extrusion device: as shown in the fourth figure It is shown that the present invention extrudes a polymer (4 Å) from a high molecular polymer material directly by means of an extrusion apparatus (10) by continuous extrusion. The polymer used in the present invention may be a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer, and is a compound containing a repeating bonding unit, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and Pu (polyurethane). Resin), τρυ (thermoplastic polyamine tree), PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PET (polyester), pEVA, and the like. The one-off device (3〇) can be a single-screw or twin-screw extruder. The polymer material was hot extruded through a extruder to a continuous sheet polymer (4 Å). (B) forming a microstructured surface on the back side of the polymer by a mold, and then forming a microstructured surface by a mold (32) on the back side of the sheet-like polymer (40). 42). The mold (32) is a roller in this embodiment, and one surface thereof is a θ embossed surface, and the embossed surface is densely covered with a plurality of pyramid-shaped recesses (36). By pressing the embossed surface, the microstructured surface (42) of the polymer is formed into a plurality of pyramid-shaped solid-dimensional elements (45) in an array. Each of the stereoscopic elements (4) is as shown in Fig. 1253511 with three optical faces (46) and one vertex (48) to which the optical faces meet. It should be noted that the drawings of the fourth figure are easy to understand, so the related components are reduced or enlarged. The mold (32) and the mirror wheel (38) which will be described hereinafter are shown in a reduced size; and the recess (36), the cube corner member (45), and the film to be described hereinafter are shown enlarged. (C), the front side of the polymer is falsely bonded to a film: in this embodiment, the polymer is formed by a mirror wheel (38) while molding the cube corner elements (45) A film, such as a pET film (5 Å), is applied to the front side of the polymer by hot rolling to keep the polymer in a hardened (natural hardening or water-cooling hardening) shape. The mirror wheel (38) maintains the front side of the polymer flat; and the film (50) protects the front side of the polymer from pre-use wear. Through the above three steps, the reflective object with the reflective effect is completed. It should be noted that in actual production, it is not necessary to fit the film (50). (D) applying a metal reflective layer to the microstructured surface of the polymer: , , , ,, coating a metal in the form of a vacuum clock on the microstructured surface (42) of the far-t composition The reflective layer (52), as shown in the third figure. The metal materials used may be ruthenium, chromium, tin, nickel, indium or silver, and all of these materials have high brightness and high reflectivity. The reflective layer (52) of the present embodiment is an electrical ore layer of a quality, and the reflective layer is uniformly coated according to the shape of the cube-corner element (45), and therefore, the surface of each optical surface (46) The reflective layer is evenly coated. The reflective layer (5) forms a reflective interface on each reflective surface to increase the reflectivity of the optical surface. (E) Applying a protective layer to the reflective layer: after the reflective layer (52) is coated, Coating the surface of the protective layer 1253511 (54). The selected protective layer (54) depends on the material selected for the reflective layer (52), so that the protective layer can be well bonded to the reflective layer, and will not The physical properties of the reflective layer are formed. - The protective layer (54) is water-repellent so that moisture or dirt does not touch the reflective layer (52) and the optical surface (46). Meanwhile, the protective layer has an anti-reflection layer. The effect of oxidation is to avoid the phenomenon that the reflective layer is oxidized and rotted and peeled off from the optical surface. After the above process is completed, the reflective article of the present invention is formed, and its structure is as shown in the third figure. Light source of the light source (Y) The polymer (4〇) is injected into the polymer edge frontally, and is refracted by the optical surface (46) of the cube-corner element (45), and is reflected back to the light source. The reflective interface formed by the reflective layer (μ) enhances the reflection of light. The effect is that the reflectance is about 20% to 50% higher than that of the conventional object. Because the protective layer (54) has protection Water action, so the reflective object can be used directly in a humid environment, can also be washed with water, rain, without losing or relying on its reflective performance. At the same time, the protective layer is better to have corrosion resistance, so as to be acidic In the environment of the condition. - By the waterproofness and corrosion resistance of the reflective article, in the actual application, referring to the fifth figure, the present invention can directly fix the reflective object to an object, such as sewing the clothes to become a reflective Clothing; or adhered to a suitable plane to form a reflective device, for example, as a road sign, or a reflective marking of a traffic aid. Thus, the secret of the present invention can be used for water-repellent treatment without high-frequency bonding. Reduce the implementation of the application and reduce the cost. When used, as shown in the fifth figure, the film (10) is combined with the film on the front side of the polymer to make the light directly incident on the front side of the polymer. A schematic diagram of a process according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the polymer material is formed into a sheet polymer 10 1253511 through a stripping device (10), and the tantalum film (80). With heat The rolling method is pseudo-fitted to the second pole of the poly-bar. The coating is applied to the microstructured surface (76) and the layer of the reflective layer and the layer of the layer are layered. The structure is the same. ^Chen Chen's reflective object provided by this hair ride, the neon system is better than the conventional tt1!: with waterproof effect can be used directly in the humid environment, sincerely has to apply according to law. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Fig. g. Section of the retroreflective article of the embodiment =: A schematic view of the manufacturing process of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. f. Fig. 5 is a state in which the article of the invention is fixed to an object. Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the manufacturing process of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] (30) (70) Extrusion device (36) Pocket (40) (72) Polymer (45) Solid angle element (48) Vertex (52) Reflective layer (60) Object (32) ( 74) Mold (38) Mirror wheel (42) (76) Micro-structured surface (46) Optical surface (50) (80) Film (54) Protective layer