1247869 玖、發明說明： 一、 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明係關於-種自發式節能系統，特別係關於一種利 用冷媒雙相流自然循環以調節室内溫度、利用太陽能及風 能以驅動室内的空氣循環、利用太陽能以供應熱水以及利 用太陽能光觸媒以淨化空氣之自發式節能系統。 二、 先前技術 發生於70年代之能源危機激起人們思考利用太陽能加 熱以取代使用於建築物之傳統燃料，並促使動力式（active) 太陽能加熱系統的發展，而直到1978年才有無需外在動力 供應之自發式（passive)冷卻系統的研究。近年來，自發式冷 卻技術文到重視之主要原因是炎熱夏日尖峰電力需求屢創 新咼，冷氣空调使用的電量負荷加重。平抑尖峰用電除了 消費者可以減少電費支出，降低發電備載容量的投資之 外，更疋基於長期能源政策的考量。期望藉由推廣自發式 、令房糸、、、充或低此源冷房糸統（l〇w energy c〇〇ling system)，降低 對冷氣空調的需求，達到節約能源及降低溫室氣體排放之 目的。 建築物節能設計的目標是以自然通風，提供室内舒適 的空氣品質環境，並儘量降低建築物冷房或暖房之耗能需 求。習知的建築物節能技術包括··降低太陽輻射進入建築 物、利用太陽能通風空調、利用太陽能供應熱水、利用地 底為熱沉（heat sink)的地冷（ground coding)節能系統。 許多上述之節能技術已揭示於專利文獻，例如w〇 托咖hYG\ 核能所\875_7583 d〇c 1247869 9,625,632揭示屋頂式空氣循環系統，us 4,934,338揭示牆 壁式空氣預熱器，US 4,418,618揭示太陽能熱水供應系 統，US 2003/0037907 A1揭示太陽能熱管式熱交換器，以 及US 4,373,573揭示太陽能貯熱於地底管線的節能系統 等。然而，上述之習知技藝在推廣應用於建築物之節能及 空調上仍具有下列諸多缺點及改善之空間： 1 ·地冷節能系統必需配合建築物興建時，預先在地底深處 埋入龐大數量的冷卻或預熱管線。室外空氣需先通過地 底管線使空氣溫度與地底溫度接近後，再引入建築物通 風系統以調節室内溫度，而達到降低冷房（夏季）或暖房 (冬季）所需之空調能源。由於興建此系統的工程鉅大、 結構複雜且維修不易，因此投入資本需要長期才可回收。 2·習知之節能系統需在設計建築物時將該系統一併納入建 築物的整體規劃，並配合建築物的建造依序安裝完成該 節能系統。對於既有之建築物，若要加裝該節能系統， 將會面臨安裝困難及成本增加之問題。 3·習知之節能系統組件缺乏模組化設計，以致不易推廣應 用於既有多元化設計之建築物以降低夏季冷氣或冬季暖 氣之耗能。 三、發明内容 本發明之主要目的係提供一種利用冷媒雙相流自然循環 以调郎室内溫度 '利用太陽能及風能以驅動室内的空氣循 ，、利用太陽能以供應熱水及利用太陽能光觸媒以淨化空 氣之自發式節能系統。 H:\HU\HYG\核能所\875_7583 d〇c 1247869 氣之熱量，而該第二管線係用以在該吸熱板槽及該熱交換 器之間輸送該流體。 為了達到上述目的，本發明 能系統，其包含一第一蓄水槽 方之熱交換器、一連接該第一 管線、一設置於該建築物内之 換器及該吸熱板槽之第二管線 水，而該第一管線係用在該第 輸送該冷卻水。該吸熱板槽利 揭示一種建築物之自發式節 、一設置於該第一蓄水槽下 蓄水槽及該熱交換器之第一 吸熱板槽以及一連接該熱交 。5亥弟一畜水槽包含一冷卻 一蓄水槽及該熱交換器之間 用一流體吸收該建築物内空 該吸熱板槽内之流體吸收該建築物内空氣之熱量而蒸發 為蒸氣後，藉由浮力經該第二管線流至該熱交換器之冷凝 管件。之後，該蒸氣由該熱交換器内之冷卻水冷凝為液體 再藉由重力經該第二管線回流至該吸熱板槽。該熱交換器 内之冷卻水吸收該蒸氣之熱量後，因密度變小而可藉由浮 力經該第一管線輸送至該第一蓄水槽。該第一蓄水槽則可 持續地經由該第一管線供應該熱交換器所需之冷卻水。 相較於習知技藝’本發明具有下列之優點： 1 ·本發明之自發式節能系統可利用建築物既有之蓄水設 施’因此該自發式節能系統之建構工程可簡化以有效地 降低成本。 2·本發明利用太陽能集熱板加熱空氣、太陽光照射光觸媒 材料使空氣潔淨、熱水槽吸收太陽熱能以及蓄水槽冷卻 空氣，因此可有效地利用太陽能使室内空氣潔淨舒適及 提供室内無需耗能之熱水。 H:\HU\HYG\ 核能所 \87583\87583.DOC -9- 1247869 3·本發明之自發式節能系統之構成單元均可採模組化設 計’並可彈性組合安裝於既有之多元化建築物，更可將 该系統整體規劃設計於未來建造之大型建築物。 四、實施方式 圖1係本發明之自發式節能系統1〇之示意圖。如圖1 所示，該自發式節能系統10係建構於一建築物2〇，其包 含一第一蓄水槽600、一設置於該第一蓄水槽6〇〇下方之 熱父換器300、一連接該第一蓄水槽6〇〇及該熱交換器3〇〇 之第一管線610、一設置於該建築物2〇内之吸熱板槽2〇〇 以及一連接該熱交換器3〇〇及該吸熱板槽2〇〇之第二管線 250 〇 第一蓄水槽600内含一冷卻水，而該第一管線61〇可在 該第一蓄水槽600及該熱交換器300之間輸送該冷卻水。 該熱交換器300包含一冷凝管件320，且冷凝管件32〇係 由該冷卻水掩蓋。該吸熱板槽200係設置於該熱交換器3〇〇 之下方，且内含一流體（例如冷媒），用以吸收該建築物 内空氣之熱量。該冷媒在某特定壓力之沸點係可使室内人 貝覺付舒適之溫度（例如2 7 °C )。此外，為符合環保標準及 減少對臭氧層之破壞，該冷媒可從R_25、R-32、R-125、 R-134a中選取並以適當的比例混合而成。該冷媒吸收熱量 而蒸發為蒸氣後藉由浮力經該第二管線250自發地輸送至 該冷凝管件320内。之後，該蒸氣由該熱交換器3〇〇内之 冷卻水冷凝為液體，再藉由重力自發地經該第二管線25〇 輸送至該吸熱板槽200。 H:\HU\HYG\核能所\87583\87583.DOC -10- 1247869 該自發式節能系統10可另包含一冷卻組件100，其設置 於該吸熱板槽200下方之窗戶121上，用以冷卻進入該建 築物20之空氣。該冷卻組件1〇〇包含一冷卻器140、一連 接該吸熱板槽200及該冷卻器140之第三管線150。第三 管線150係用以在該吸熱板槽200及該冷卻器140之間輸 送該冷媒。該冷卻器140内之冷媒可吸收進入該建築物20 内之空氣熱量而蒸發成為蒸氣，再藉由浮力自發地經該第 三管線150輸送至該吸熱板槽2〇〇。之後，該吸熱板槽2〇〇 内之液態冷媒則藉由重力自發地經該第三管線丨5〇回流至 該冷卻器140，以便繼續吸收進入該建築物2〇内空氣之熱 量。此外’該冷卻組件1〇〇可另包含一光觸媒濾網122及 一活性碳濾網123，用以淨化進入該建築物2〇之空氣。該 冷部器140、該第三管線15〇、該吸熱板槽2〇〇、該第二管 線250及該熱交換器3〇〇之冷凝管件32〇内含之冷媒，建 構成一雙相流自然循環以冷卻進入該建築物2〇内之空氣。 本毛明之自發式筇能系統丨〇可另包含一設置於該建築 物20之地下之第二f水槽u、—連接該第二蓄水槽^ 該熱父換裔300之繁四答綠 心弟四官線13以及一抽水泵12。該抽水 果12可經由該第四答綠1 2 R utg e線13及吞亥第一管線61 0將水從該第 --畜水槽 11 抽至今女笛 ^ jj. 主η亥苐一畜水槽600。由於地低之熱沉效 應’該第二蓄水槽1 1 之水/皿低於該第一蓄水槽6〇0之水 溫，因此本發明可藉由兮筮— 稭由5亥第一畜水槽11提供該第一蓄水槽 600所需之冷卻水。 一般而言，建築物 2〇之屋頂均設有一屋頂水塔或消防水1247869 发明Invention Description: 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spontaneous energy-saving system, and more particularly to a natural circulation using a refrigerant two-phase flow to regulate indoor temperature, utilizing solar energy and wind energy to drive indoor air. A spontaneous energy-saving system that recycles, uses solar energy to supply hot water, and uses solar photocatalysts to purify the air. Second, the energy crisis that occurred in the 1970s caused people to think about using solar heating to replace the traditional fuel used in buildings and to promote the development of an active solar heating system, and it was not until 1978 that there was no need for external use. Research on the passive cooling system for power supply. In recent years, the main reason for the emphasis on spontaneous cooling technology is that the peak demand for electricity in hot summer days has repeatedly hit new times, and the load on air conditioners used in air-conditioning has increased. In addition to the investment that consumers can reduce electricity bills and reduce power generation capacity, it is based on long-term energy policy considerations. It is expected to reduce the demand for air-conditioning and air-conditioning by promoting spontaneous, eaves, and/or charging or lowering the source of cold air conditioning to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. . The goal of building energy efficiency design is to provide natural indoor ventilation, provide a comfortable indoor air quality environment, and minimize the energy consumption of building cold rooms or greenhouses. Conventional building energy-saving technologies include: reducing solar radiation into buildings, utilizing solar ventilation, using solar energy to supply hot water, and using ground coding energy-saving systems that use a ground heat sink. Many of the above-mentioned energy-saving technologies have been disclosed in the patent literature, for example, w〇托咖hYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute \875_7583 d〇c 1247869 9,625,632 reveals a roof-type air circulation system, us 4,934,338 reveals a wall-type air preheater, and US 4,418,618 discloses solar water heating. A supply system, US 2003/0037907 A1 discloses a solar heat pipe heat exchanger, and US 4,373,573 discloses an energy saving system for solar energy to store heat in a underground pipeline. However, the above-mentioned conventional techniques still have the following shortcomings and improvements in the promotion of energy-saving and air-conditioning for buildings: 1 • The geothermal energy-saving system must be embedded in the depth of the ground in advance when building the building. Cooling or preheating lines. The outdoor air needs to pass through the underground pipeline to bring the air temperature to the ground temperature, and then introduce the building ventilation system to adjust the indoor temperature to reduce the air conditioning energy required for cooling (summer) or greenhouse (winter). Due to the huge construction, complicated structure and difficult maintenance of this system, it takes a long time to recover the capital. 2. The conventional energy-saving system needs to incorporate the system into the overall planning of the building when designing the building, and install the energy-saving system in sequence with the construction of the building. For existing buildings, if the energy-saving system is to be installed, it will face difficulties in installation and increase in cost. 3. The energy-saving system components of the prior art lack modular design, so that it is not easy to promote the use of buildings with diversified designs to reduce the energy consumption of summer air-conditioning or winter air. III. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a natural circulation of a refrigerant two-phase flow to adjust the indoor temperature to utilize solar energy and wind energy to drive air circulation in the room, to use solar energy to supply hot water, and to use solar photocatalyst to purify Spontaneous energy saving system for air. H:\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute \875_7583 d〇c 1247869 The heat of the gas is used to transport the fluid between the heat absorbing plate tank and the heat exchanger. In order to achieve the above object, an energy system of the present invention comprises a heat exchanger of a first water storage tank, a second pipeline connected to the first pipeline, a converter disposed in the building, and a second pipeline water of the heat absorbing plate tank. And the first pipeline is used in the first conveying of the cooling water. The heat absorbing plate slot reveals a spontaneous section of the building, a first heat absorbing plate groove disposed in the first water storage tank and the heat exchanger, and a connection to the heat exchange. 5 Haidi a livestock tank comprises a cooling and a water storage tank and the heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the heat sink in the building absorbs the heat of the air in the building and evaporates into steam. A condensing tube that flows from buoyancy through the second line to the heat exchanger. Thereafter, the vapor is condensed into a liquid by the cooling water in the heat exchanger and then returned to the heat absorbing plate tank by gravity through the second line. The cooling water in the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the vapor, and after being reduced in density, it can be transported by buoyancy through the first line to the first water storage tank. The first water reservoir can continuously supply the cooling water required for the heat exchanger via the first line. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The spontaneous energy-saving system of the present invention can utilize the existing water storage facilities of the building. Therefore, the construction of the spontaneous energy-saving system can be simplified to effectively reduce the cost. . 2. The invention uses a solar collector plate to heat the air, and the sunlight irradiates the photocatalyst material to clean the air, the hot water tank absorbs the solar heat energy and the water storage tank cools the air, so that the solar energy can be effectively utilized to make the indoor air clean and comfortable and provide indoor energy consumption. Hot water. H:\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute\87583\87583.DOC -9- 1247869 3. The components of the spontaneous energy-saving system of the present invention can be modularized and can be flexibly combined and installed in the existing diversified Buildings, the system can be designed as a whole for large buildings to be built in the future. 4. Embodiments FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spontaneous energy-saving system of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the spontaneous energy-saving system 10 is constructed in a building 2 , and includes a first water storage tank 600 , a hot parent converter 300 disposed under the first water storage tank 6 , and a a first pipeline 610 connecting the first water storage tank 6 and the heat exchanger 3〇〇, a heat absorbing plate tank 2〇〇 disposed in the building 2〇, and a heat exchanger 3〇〇 The second pipeline 250 of the heat absorbing plate tank 2 includes a cooling water in the first water storage tank 600, and the first pipeline 61 输送 can convey the cooling between the first water storage tank 600 and the heat exchanger 300 water. The heat exchanger 300 includes a condensing tube member 320, and the condensing tube member 32 is covered by the cooling water. The heat absorbing plate groove 200 is disposed below the heat exchanger 3〇〇 and contains a fluid (for example, a refrigerant) for absorbing heat of the air in the building. The boiling point of the refrigerant at a certain pressure allows the indoor person to feel comfortable (for example, 2 7 ° C). In addition, in order to comply with environmental standards and reduce damage to the ozone layer, the refrigerant can be selected from R_25, R-32, R-125, and R-134a and mixed in an appropriate ratio. The refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into a vapor and is spontaneously transported by buoyancy through the second line 250 into the condensing tube 320. Thereafter, the vapor is condensed into a liquid by the cooling water in the heat exchanger 3, and is then spontaneously transferred by gravity to the heat absorbing plate tank 200 through the second line 25?. H:\HU\HYG\Nuclear Energy Institute\87583\87583.DOC -10- 1247869 The spontaneous energy saving system 10 can further include a cooling assembly 100 disposed on the window 121 below the heat absorbing plate slot 200 for cooling Enter the air of the building 20. The cooling assembly 1A includes a cooler 140, a third line 150 connecting the heat sink slot 200 and the cooler 140. The third line 150 is for conveying the refrigerant between the heat absorbing plate tank 200 and the cooler 140. The refrigerant in the cooler 140 can absorb the heat of the air entering the building 20 and evaporate into a vapor, and then spontaneously transfer to the heat absorbing plate tank 2 via the third line 150 by buoyancy. Thereafter, the liquid refrigerant in the heat absorbing plate tank 2 is spontaneously returned to the cooler 140 via the third line 丨5 by gravity to continue to absorb the heat of the air entering the building. In addition, the cooling assembly 1 can further include a photocatalyst filter 122 and an activated carbon filter 123 for purifying the air entering the building. The cold unit 140, the third line 15〇, the heat absorbing plate tank 2〇〇, the second line 250 and the refrigerant contained in the condensing tube 32〇 of the heat exchanger 3〇〇 are constructed to form a two-phase flow. Natural circulation to cool the air entering the 2 turns of the building. The self-made energy system of the present invention may further comprise a second f-sink provided in the underground of the building 20, connecting the second storage tank ^ the hot father's 300-year-old green brother The four official line 13 and a pump 12 are provided. The pumped fruit 12 can draw water from the first stock tank 11 through the fourth green 1 2 R utg e line 13 and the first line 61 0 of the Tenghai. The female whistle ^ jj. 600. Due to the low heat sinking effect, the water/dish of the second water storage tank 1 is lower than the water temperature of the first water storage tank 6〇0, so the present invention can be used by the 畜- straw by the 5 hai first sump 11 provides the cooling water required for the first water storage tank 600. In general, there is a roof water tower or fire water on the roof of the building.
H:\HU\HYG\核能所\87583\87583.DOC 1247869 槽，而其地底設有一地下蓄水池。本發明即可使用該屋頂 水塔或消防水槽作為該第一蓄水槽6〇〇,並使用地下蓄水 池作為該第二蓄水槽U，因此該自發式節能系統1〇可利 用建築物20既有之蓄水設施供應建築物2〇的用水。由於 該第一蓄水槽600不斷地供應建築物2〇之民生用水，而戶 外之供水系統可以持續地補水至該第一蓄水槽6〇〇以維持 设疋之液位’因此該第一蓄水槽6〇〇内之冷卻水係不斷地 更新而不會因吸收室内熱量而導致該第一蓄水槽6〇〇的水 溫過南°本發明藉由該第一蓄水槽6〇〇的水溫調節室内溫 度而達到降低冷房（夏季）或暖房（冬季）所需之空調能源。 本發明之自發式節能系統1 〇可另包含一空氣循環組 件，其包含一設置於該第一蓄水槽6〇〇内之第一熱交換管 件620、一設置於該建築物2〇内並連接於該第一熱交換管 件620之進氣口 36〇、一設置於該建築物2〇内並連接於該 第一熱父換管件620之出氣口 380。該建築物20内之空氣 藉由熱空氣向上飄升之浮力經該進氣口 360流入該第一熱 父換官件620，並由該第一蓄水槽6〇〇内之冷卻水冷卻後， 藉由重力經由該出氣口 38〇流入該建築物2〇内，以提供溫 度較低之冷空氣。為了改善該建築物2〇内之空氣品質，該 空氣循環組件可另包含一設置於該進氣口 360及該第一熱 父換官件620間之空氣淨化器480。 此外’該空氣循環組件亦可另包含一設置於該進氣口 360及該第一熱交換管件62〇間之太陽能集熱器4〇〇。該太 陽能集熱器400可加熱流過之空氣，使空氣之密度變小而 H:\HU\HYG艰能所\87583\87583 d〇c -12- 1247869 提昇其浮力，進而加速該建築物20内之空氣循環。再者， 該空氣循環組件可另包含一設置於該太陽能集熱器400及 該第一熱交換管件620之間之熱水槽500以及一設置於該 熱水槽500内之第二熱交換管件520。該熱水槽500内的 水可藉由該第二熱交換管件520吸收經該太陽能集熱器 400加熱之空氣熱量，並經由熱水槽500之出口 550提供 該建築物20内民生所需之熱水。 該空氣循環組件内之空氣流向係先以一仰角向上爬昇， 離開該空氣淨化器480後改為以一俯角向下傾斜。熱空氣 先進入該熱水槽500並通過下方之第二熱交換管件520， 在此部份熱量被該熱水槽500的水所吸收。之後，空氣再 進入下游之第一蓄水槽600並通過第一熱交換管件620， 在此部份熱量被該第一蓄水槽600内的冷卻水所吸收後再 經由該出氣口 380進入室内。在該空氣循環組件内流動之 空氣因吸收太陽能熱量，導致溫度增加且密度變小而向上 流動。之後，再經該熱水槽500及該第一蓄水槽600的二 次冷卻以降低空氣溫度及增加密度而向下流動，構成一以 太陽能驅動室内空氣自然循環之系統。 該第一熱交換管件620及該第二熱交換管件520之設計 準則為較大之散熱面積、較高之熱傳效率及較小之空氣流 動阻力。依此準則設計之熱交換組件之空氣流道，可以為 圓形、橢圓形、方形、板形等，或在空氣流道管壁外加入 各種形狀及不同排列之散熱片，亦可在空氣流道管壁插入 各式之熱管或微熱管，以達到最佳的空氣與水熱傳遞效 H:\HU\HYG\核能所 \87583\87583 .DOC -13 - 1247869 立果。進入該第一蓄水槽_之冷卻水，將依重力下沈至底 部，而底部的冷卻水則可吸收流經該第一熱交換組件_ 之空氣熱量或自該熱交換器吸收來自該吸熱板槽細 之f内熱量。吸收熱量後之水溫昇高向上流動至液面，再 經官線510提供該熱水槽_所需之熱水。該第—蓄水槽 6〇〇之底部有出水口 65〇,可供應室内所需之冷水。曰 在日照量不足時，為了增加循環之空氣流量，可啟動風 扇⑷明加進入室内的空氣流量，其功效為增加該太陽 MM _吸收太陽熱能之效率、增加該熱水槽500吸 收太陽熱能之效率以及增加該第一蓄水槽_冷卻空氣之 效率。若日照量充足或自然循環通風流量足夠時，則停止 風扇643運轉，讓空氣以自然循環的流量進入室内。 本發明之空氣循環組件可藉由控制離開該熱水槽5〇〇之 熱空氣之後續流向，以因應季節變化而提供冷氣或暖氣至 室内。空氣循環組件可另包含一設置於該第一蓄水槽_ 及該太陽能集熱器400間之第一控制閥54〇、一設置於該 該第一蓄水槽600及該太陽能集熱器4〇〇間之旁通管線 530以及一設置於該旁通管線53〇上之第二控制閥54卜在 炎熱天氣需要冷空氣進入室内時，可將該第一控制閥54〇 打開及將該第二控制閥541關閉，使離開該熱水槽5〇〇之 熱空氣經該第一蓄水槽6〇〇冷卻成冷空氣後，再進入室 内。在天氣寒冷需要溫暖空氣時，可將該第一控制閥54〇 關閉及將該第二控制閥541打開，使離開該熱水槽5〇〇之 熱空氣繞過該第一蓄水槽600,直接進入室内以提供溫暖H:\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute \87583\87583.DOC 1247869 slot, and there is an underground reservoir on the ground. The present invention can use the roof water tower or the fire water tank as the first water storage tank 6 and use the underground water storage tank as the second water storage tank U, so the spontaneous energy-saving system 1 can utilize the building 20 The water storage facility supplies 2 ft of water for the building. Since the first water storage tank 600 continuously supplies the residential water for the building 2, the outdoor water supply system can continuously replenish water to the first water storage tank 6 to maintain the liquid level of the setting. Therefore, the first water storage tank The cooling water in the crucible is continuously updated without causing the water temperature of the first water storage tank 6 to pass the south due to the absorption of heat in the room. The water temperature adjustment of the first water storage tank 6 is performed by the present invention. Indoor air temperature to achieve the air conditioning energy required to reduce the cold room (summer) or the warm room (winter). The autonomous energy-saving system 1 of the present invention may further comprise an air circulation assembly, comprising a first heat exchange tube 620 disposed in the first water storage tank 6〇〇, and being disposed in the building 2〇 and connected The air inlet 36 of the first heat exchange tube 620 is disposed in the building 2 and connected to the air outlet 380 of the first hot parent changing tube 620. The air in the building 20 flows into the first hot-parent replacement member 620 through the air inlet 360 through the buoyancy of the hot air, and is cooled by the cooling water in the first water storage tank 6 It flows into the building 2 through the air outlet 38 by gravity to provide cold air of a lower temperature. In order to improve the air quality in the interior of the building, the air circulation assembly may further include an air purifier 480 disposed between the air inlet 360 and the first thermal father changing member 620. Further, the air circulation unit may further include a solar heat collector 4 disposed between the air inlet 360 and the first heat exchange tube 62. The solar collector 400 can heat the air flowing through to make the density of the air smaller and H:\HU\HYG hardship\87583\87583 d〇c -12- 1247869 to increase its buoyancy, thereby accelerating the building 20 The air circulation inside. Furthermore, the air circulation module can further include a hot water tank 500 disposed between the solar heat collector 400 and the first heat exchange tube member 620 and a second heat exchange tube member 520 disposed in the hot water tank 500. The water in the hot water tank 500 can absorb the heat of the air heated by the solar heat collector 400 by the second heat exchange tube 520, and provide the hot water required for the people in the building 20 via the outlet 550 of the hot water tank 500. . The air flow direction in the air circulation assembly first climbs upward at an elevation angle, and after exiting the air cleaner 480, it is inclined downward at a depression angle. The hot air first enters the hot water tank 500 and passes through the second heat exchange tube 520 below, where the heat is absorbed by the water of the hot water tank 500. Thereafter, the air enters the downstream first water storage tank 600 and passes through the first heat exchange pipe member 620, and the heat is absorbed by the cooling water in the first water storage tank 600 and then enters the room through the air outlet port 380. The air flowing in the air circulation unit absorbs solar heat, causing an increase in temperature and a decrease in density to flow upward. Thereafter, the secondary cooling of the hot water tank 500 and the first water storage tank 600 is performed to lower the air temperature and increase the density to flow downward, thereby forming a system for naturally circulating indoor air by solar energy. The design criteria of the first heat exchange tube member 620 and the second heat exchange tube member 520 are a large heat dissipation area, a high heat transfer efficiency, and a small air flow resistance. The air flow passages of the heat exchange components designed according to this criterion may be circular, elliptical, square, plate-shaped, etc., or heat sinks of various shapes and different arrangements may be added outside the air flow pipe wall, or in the air flow. The pipe wall is inserted into various heat pipes or micro heat pipes to achieve the best air and water heat transfer efficiency. H:\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute \87583\87583 .DOC -13 - 1247869 Fruit. The cooling water entering the first water storage tank _ sinks to the bottom by gravity, and the cooling water at the bottom absorbs the heat of the air flowing through the first heat exchange unit or from the heat absorbing plate. The heat in the groove f is fine. After the heat is absorbed, the temperature of the water rises upward and flows to the liquid surface, and then the hot water is supplied to the hot water tank via the official line 510. The bottom of the first water storage tank has a water outlet of 65 inches at the bottom, which can supply the cold water required in the room.曰 When the amount of sunshine is insufficient, in order to increase the circulating air flow, the fan (4) can be activated to increase the air flow into the room, and the effect is to increase the efficiency of the solar MM _ absorbing solar thermal energy and increase the efficiency of the hot water tank 500 absorbing solar thermal energy. And increasing the efficiency of the first water storage tank_cooling air. If the amount of sunshine is sufficient or the natural circulation ventilation flow is sufficient, the fan 643 is stopped to allow the air to enter the room at a natural circulation flow rate. The air circulation assembly of the present invention can provide cold air or heating to the interior in response to seasonal changes by controlling the subsequent flow of hot air exiting the hot water tank 5 . The air circulation module may further include a first control valve 54 disposed between the first water storage tank and the solar heat collector 400, and a first water storage tank 600 and the solar heat collector 4 The bypass line 530 and a second control valve 54 disposed on the bypass line 53 can open the first control valve 54 and the second control when cold air needs to enter the room in hot weather. The valve 541 is closed, and the hot air leaving the hot water tank 5 is cooled into cold air through the first water storage tank 6 and then enters the room. When the weather is cold and warm air is needed, the first control valve 54 is closed and the second control valve 541 is opened, so that the hot air leaving the hot water tank 5 bypasses the first water storage tank 600 and directly enters Indoor to provide warmth
H:\HU\HYG\ 核能所 \87583\87583.DOC -14 - 1247869 之空氣。 圖2係本發明之冷卻組件1〇〇之側視圖。如圖2所示， 該冷卻組件100係設置於一窗戶121上，包含一光觸媒濾 網122、一活性碳濾網i 23及一冷卻器14〇。該光觸媒濾網 ^2是由含有光觸媒材料之纖維構織成網狀，在光的照射 下’可形成氧化威力強之氫氧自由基以催化分解及去除任 何對人體有害的汙染物質（例如細菌、病毒 氧化碳等）。較佳之光觸媒材料為奈米粒徑氧化辞 (Zn〇)奈米粒徑氧化欽（Ti〇2)、奈米粒徑金、奈米粒獲銀 等等，若光觸媒材料之粒徑在1〇奈米以下效果更佳。該活 欧石反濾、網123是由活性碳纖維（activate(j carbon fiber)編織而 成’作用為吸附空氣之臭味及毒性物質，具有透氣性佳、 吸附層薄、高吸附效率及低成本的優點。 圖3係圖2沿A-A剖面線之剖視圖。如圖3所示，冷卻 器140包含複數個菱形之冷卻管路ι41及用吸收熱量之冷 媒145。該冷卻管路141之頂部連接至一集流管142(如圖 2所示），該集流管142再藉由該第三管線150連接至該吸 熱板槽200之底部。該冷卻器140内之冷媒145吸收高溫 空氣之熱篁而沸騰產生蒸氣，蒸氣藉浮力上昇進入該吸熱 板槽200 (如圖1所示）。該吸熱板槽200内之液態冷媒則 藉由重力流回該冷卻器140形成雙相流自然循環，將戶外 空氣的熱量傳遞至該吸熱板槽200,再經由該熱交換器300 輸送至該第一蓄水槽600。 圖4係本發明之熱交換器300之透視圖。如圖4所示， H:\HU\HYG够能所\87583\87583.DOC -15- 1247869 該熱交換器300之内部盛滿冷卻水330,而該冷凝管件32〇 則設置於該熱交換器300内且被冷卻水330所淹蓋。該熱 交換器300之功能為將該冷凝管件320内之氣態冷媒冷凝 為液體。該熱交換器300内之冷卻水330經由該冷凝管件 320之管壁322吸收熱量後，再藉水的自然循環將熱量傳 遞至上方之第一蓄水槽600。 圖5係本發明之冷凝管件32〇之剖視圖。該冷凝管件“ο 之設計準則為較大之熱傳面積、較低之製造成本以及冷凝 後之液體可藉重力流回吸熱板槽200 (如圖1所示）。如圖 5所示’當該冷凝管件内之蒸氣328與管壁322接觸時即 冷凝成液膜327並藉重力向下流動。該冷凝管件32〇外之 冷卻水330則因吸收蒸氣328之熱量而溫度昇高且密度變 小’並藉浮力經由該第一管線610流入上方之第一蓄水槽 600。該第一蓄水槽600内之冷卻水330則因具有較大之密 度而依重力流入該熱交換器3 0 0。因此，本發明藉由水的 自然循環可將室内之熱量傳遞至該第一蓄水槽6〇〇。 圖6係本發明之太陽能集熱器400之示意圖。如圖6所 不’ 5亥太陽能集熱器400包含一頂蓋402、一吸熱板405 及一連接於該吸熱板405之螺旋線圈415。該太陽能集熱 器400之頂蓋402係由玻璃板或透明板構成，該吸熱板4〇5 係由黑色金屬板構成以有效吸收太陽熱能。該頂蓋4〇2與 該吸熱板405之間存在一集熱空間403，而該吸熱板405 之下方為空氣流路411。來自該進氣口 360之空氣進入該 太陽能集熱器400之入口 401，通過入口空間410後流向 H:\HU\HYG\核能所\87583\87583D( -16- 1247869 該螺旋線圈415内的空氣流路41卜在此由該螺旋線圈415 加熱成為熱空氣。熱空氣經過出口空間412的聚集後，再 由該太陽能集熱器400之出口 413流出。H:\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy \87583\87583.DOC -14 - 1247869 The air. Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the cooling assembly 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling assembly 100 is disposed on a window 121 and includes a photocatalyst filter 122, an activated carbon filter i23, and a cooler 14A. The photocatalyst filter 2 is made of a fiber containing a photocatalyst material and woven into a network. Under the irradiation of light, a oxidizing power of hydrogen radicals can be formed to catalyze decomposition and remove any harmful substances (such as bacteria). , virus carbon oxide, etc.). The preferred photocatalyst material is nanometer particle size oxidized (Zn〇) nanometer particle size oxidized chin (Ti〇2), nanometer particle size gold, nanoparticle obtained silver, etc., if the photocatalyst material has a particle size of 1 〇 The effect below the meter is better. The living opal filter and mesh 123 are woven by activated carbon fiber (activated by j carbon fiber) to absorb air odor and toxic substances, have good gas permeability, thin adsorption layer, high adsorption efficiency and low cost. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 2. As shown in Figure 3, the cooler 140 includes a plurality of diamond-shaped cooling lines ι 41 and a heat absorbing refrigerant 145. The top of the cooling line 141 is connected to A header 142 (shown in FIG. 2) is connected to the bottom of the heat absorbing plate 200 by the third line 150. The refrigerant 145 in the cooler 140 absorbs the heat of the high temperature air. The boiling generates steam, and the vapor rises into the heat absorbing plate tank 200 by buoyancy (as shown in Fig. 1). The liquid refrigerant in the heat absorbing plate tank 200 flows back to the cooler 140 by gravity to form a natural circulation of the two-phase flow, The heat of the outdoor air is transferred to the heat absorbing plate tank 200 and then sent to the first water storage tank 600 via the heat exchanger 300. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger 300 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 4, H: \HU\HYG can be able to \87583\87583.DOC -15- 1247869 The interior of the exchanger 300 is filled with cooling water 330, and the condensing tube 32 is disposed in the heat exchanger 300 and is covered by the cooling water 330. The function of the heat exchanger 300 is to condense the tube 320 therein. The gaseous refrigerant condenses into a liquid. The cooling water 330 in the heat exchanger 300 absorbs heat through the pipe wall 322 of the condensing pipe member 320, and then transfers heat to the first first water storage tank 600 by natural circulation of water. A cross-sectional view of the condensing tube member 32 of the present invention. The design criteria of the condensing tube member ο are a large heat transfer area, a low manufacturing cost, and a condensed liquid can be gravity-fed back to the heat absorbing plate groove 200 (as shown in FIG. 1). As shown in Fig. 5, when the vapor 328 in the condensing pipe is in contact with the pipe wall 322, it condenses into a liquid film 327 and flows downward by gravity. The cooling water 330 outside the condensing pipe 32 is absorbed by the vapor. The heat of 328 is increased in temperature and the density is decreased, and the buoyancy flows into the upper first water storage tank 600 via the first line 610. The cooling water 330 in the first water storage tank 600 is dependent on the density. Gravity flows into the heat exchanger 3 0 0 Therefore, the present invention can transfer the heat of the room to the first water storage tank 6 by natural circulation of water. Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the solar heat collector 400 of the present invention. The heat exchanger 400 includes a top cover 402, a heat absorbing plate 405, and a spiral coil 415 connected to the heat absorbing plate 405. The top cover 402 of the solar heat collector 400 is composed of a glass plate or a transparent plate, and the heat absorbing plate 4〇 5 is composed of a ferrous metal plate to effectively absorb solar heat energy. There is a heat collecting space 403 between the top cover 4〇2 and the heat absorbing plate 405, and an air flow path 411 is below the heat absorbing plate 405. The air from the air inlet 360 enters the inlet 401 of the solar heat collector 400, passes through the inlet space 410, and then flows to the H:\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute\87583\87583D (-16-1247869 air in the spiral coil 415 The flow path 41 is heated by the spiral coil 415 into hot air. The hot air is collected by the outlet space 412 and then flows out of the outlet 413 of the solar heat collector 400.
該太陽能集熱器400之螺旋線圈415與空氣流路411之 頂部及底部接觸。該螺旋線圈415之主要功能係藉由其高 熱傳導特性將該吸熱板405的高溫以高效率地傳導至空氣 流路411之底部，使空氣在空氣流路41丨内的溫度分佈較 均勻’增加吸收之太陽熱能。其另一功能為空氣通過該螺 旋線圈415内部之空氣流路411時，該螺旋線圈415之幾 何形狀會造成空氣旋轉之渦流，加速空氣之擾動，進而增 加空氣之吸熱能力。設計該螺旋線圈415的準則為其材料 需具有高熱傳導率及耐腐蝕（例如銅、鋁、不銹鋼等）的特 性，線圈外形可採用不同的形狀（例如圓柱形、方柱形、帶 形等）。該螺旋線圈415的外徑要滿足與空氣通道的頂部及 底部相當緊合之接觸’且其中空轴需與該空氣流路4ιι方 向平行。The spiral coil 415 of the solar heat collector 400 is in contact with the top and bottom of the air flow path 411. The main function of the spiral coil 415 is to efficiently conduct the high temperature of the heat absorbing plate 405 to the bottom of the air flow path 411 by its high heat conduction property, so that the temperature distribution of the air in the air flow path 41 is relatively uniform. Absorbing solar heat. Another function is that when air passes through the air flow path 411 inside the spiral coil 415, the geometric shape of the spiral coil 415 causes a vortex of air rotation to accelerate the disturbance of the air, thereby increasing the heat absorption capability of the air. The criterion for designing the spiral coil 415 is that the material needs to have high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance (for example, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, etc.), and the coil shape can adopt different shapes (for example, cylindrical, square column, strip shape, etc.) . The outer diameter of the spiral coil 415 is such that it meets a relatively close contact with the top and bottom of the air passage and wherein the hollow shaft needs to be parallel to the air flow path 4 ι.
圖7係本發明之空氣淨化器48〇之示意圖。如圖7所4 該空氣淨化器彻之外層為透明蓋盒483，内層為透明 件48,2，内外層間為集熱之空氣。透明管件似内裝置 與空氣流動方向平行排列之纖維織壁481，各纖維織壁4 之間為^氣通道485。通常透明管件482内之线通道七 的空氣流動截面積之總和必需大於進入空氣淨化器彻 官線的流動截面積，以減少空氣流經空氣淨化器彻的, 力纖維、.哉481之構成材料包含活性碳纖維及光觸媒^Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of the air purifier 48 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 7, the outer layer of the air purifier is a transparent cover box 483, and the inner layer is a transparent member 48, 2, and the inner and outer layers are collected air. The transparent pipe member is like an inner device. The fiber woven wall 481 is arranged in parallel with the air flow direction, and the fiber woven wall 4 is a gas passage 485. Generally, the sum of the air flow cross-sectional areas of the line passages 7 in the transparent pipe member 482 must be larger than the flow cross-sectional area of the air purifiers to reduce the flow of air through the air purifier, the constituent materials of the force fibers, and the 哉481. Contains activated carbon fiber and photocatalyst^
H.\HU\HYG\ 核能所\875 83\87583 .DOC -17. 1247869 料。太％光可穿透蓋盒4 8 3與管件4 8 2，直接照射至纖維 織壁481 ’而在空氣通道485内形成氧化威力強之氫氧自 由基’達到催化分解及去除空氣中任何對人體有害的物質。 相較於習知技藝，本發明具有下列之優點： 1. 本發明之自發式節能系統可利用建築物既有之蓄水設 施，因此該自發式節能系統之建構工程可簡化以有效地 降低成本。 2. 本發明利用太陽能集熱板加熱空氣、太陽光照射光觸媒 材料使空氣潔淨、熱水槽吸收太陽熱能以及蓄水槽冷卻 空氣，有效地利用太陽能使室内空氣潔淨舒適及提供室 内無需耗能之熱水。 3 ·本發明之自發式卽能糸統之構成單元（例如冷卻組件、太 陽能集熱器、吸熱板槽及熱交換器等）均可採模組化設 計，並可彈性組合安裝於既有之多元化建築物，更可將 e亥糸統整體規劃設計於未來建造之大型建築物。 本發明之技術内容及技術特點巳揭示如上，然而熟悉本 項技術之人士仍可能基於本發明之教示及揭示而作種種不 背離本發明精神之替換及修飾。因此，本發明之保護範圍 應不限於實施例所揭示者，而應包括各種不背離本發明之 替換及修飾，並為以下之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 五、圖式簡要說明 圖1係本發明之自發式節能系統之示意圖； 圖2係本發明之冷卻組件之側視圖； 圖3係圖2沿A-A剖面線之剖視圖；H.\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute \875 83\87583 .DOC -17. 1247869. Too% light can penetrate the cover box 4 8 3 and the tube member 482, directly illuminate the fiber woven wall 481' and form a strong oxidizing hydroxyl radical in the air passage 485 to achieve catalytic decomposition and remove any pairs in the air. Harmful substances in the human body. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The spontaneous energy-saving system of the present invention can utilize the existing water storage facilities of the building, so the construction of the spontaneous energy-saving system can be simplified to effectively reduce the cost. . 2. The invention uses the solar collector plate to heat the air, the sunlight irradiates the photocatalyst material to clean the air, the hot water tank absorbs the solar heat energy and the water storage tank cools the air, effectively uses the solar energy to make the indoor air clean and comfortable, and provides the indoor hot water without energy consumption. . 3 · The components of the spontaneous energy system of the present invention (such as a cooling component, a solar collector, a heat absorbing plate groove, a heat exchanger, etc.) can be modularized and can be elastically assembled and installed in an existing one. Diversified buildings can also be designed as a large-scale building for future construction. The technical content and technical features of the present invention are disclosed above, but those skilled in the art may still make various substitutions and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be construed as being limited by the scope of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic view of a spontaneous energy-saving system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side view of the cooling assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
H:\HLAHYG\Mtgm\87583\87583.DOC -18- 1247869 圖4係本發明之熱交換器之透視圖； 圖5係本發明之冷凝管件之剖視圖； 圖ό係本發明之太陽能集熱器之示意圖；以及 圖7係本發明之空氣淨化器之示意圖。 六、元件符號說明H:\HLAHYG\Mtgm\87583\87583.DOC -18- 1247869 Figure 4 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger of the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the condensing pipe member of the present invention; Figure ό is a solar collector of the present invention BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 7 is a schematic view of an air purifier of the present invention. Six, component symbol description
10 自發式節能系統 11 第二蓄水槽 12 抽水泵 13 第四管線 20 建築物 100 冷卻組件 121 窗戶 122 光觸媒濾網 123 活性碳濾網 140 冷卻器 141 冷卻管路 142 集流管 145 冷媒 150 第三管線 200 吸熱板槽 250 第二管線 300 熱交換器 320 冷凝管件 322 管壁 327 液膜 328 蒸氣 330 冷卻水 360 進氣口 380 出氣口 400 太陽集熱器 401 入口 402 頂蓋 403 集熱空間 405 吸熱板 410 入口空間 411 空氣流路 412 出口空間 413 出口 415 螺旋線圈 480 空氣淨化器 481 纖維織壁 482 透明管件 483 透明蓋盒 485 空氣通道 500 熱水槽 H.AHUXHYGM1亥能所\87583\87583.DOC10 Spontaneous energy saving system 11 Second water storage tank 12 Water pump 13 Fourth line 20 Building 100 Cooling unit 121 Window 122 Photocatalyst filter 123 Activated carbon filter 140 Cooler 141 Cooling line 142 Collecting tube 145 Refrigerant 150 Third Pipeline 200 Heat absorbing plate tank 250 Second line 300 Heat exchanger 320 Condensing pipe 322 Pipe wall 327 Liquid film 328 Vapor 330 Cooling water 360 Air inlet 380 Air outlet 400 Solar collector 401 Entrance 402 Roof cover 403 Collecting space 405 Endothermic Plate 410 Inlet space 411 Air flow path 412 Exit space 413 Outlet 415 Spiral coil 480 Air purifier 481 Fiber woven wall 482 Transparent pipe 483 Transparent cover box 485 Air channel 500 Hot water tank H.AHUXHYGM1 Haien Institute\87583\87583.DOC
-19- 1247869 510 管線 520 第二熱交換管件 530 旁通管線 540 第一控制閥 541 第二控制閥 550 熱水槽出口 600 第一蓄水槽 610 第一管線 620 第一熱交換管件 643 風扇 650 第一蓄水槽出口 H:\HU\HYG\核能所\87583\87583.DOC - 20 --19- 1247869 510 Line 520 Second heat exchange tube 530 Bypass line 540 First control valve 541 Second control valve 550 Hot water tank outlet 600 First water storage tank 610 First line 620 First heat exchange pipe fitting 643 Fan 650 First Storage tank outlet H:\HU\HYG\ Nuclear Energy Institute\87583\87583.DOC - 20 -