1245830 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於-種混凝土樓板預留開孔之成型裝置 及其施工方法，特別是指一種該成型裝置的部份元件直接 5 肢在混凝土樓板上，並且在該混凝土樓板上預留開孔的 施工方法及其成型裝置。 【先前技術】 芩閱圖1、2所示申請人前所申請之公告編號第侧34 號發明案的立體分解圖及組合剖視圖，前述專利案之成型 10 裝置1係安裝在一模板1G上，包含·· 一底座U、數支將 該底座11固定在模板10Jl的螺絲12、一軸向套設在底座 11之一，撐壁in上的中空套管13、一蓋設在套管13上 方的頂蓋14 ’以及-連結底座11及頂蓋14的連結機構 15。其中該連結機構15包括：一桿狀之螺接件15丨，以及 15 一位在底座11下方並可和螺接件151螺合的螺帽152。 使用時將螺帽152置放在底座11下方，並以螺絲 將底座11固定在模板i◦上，之後將套管13套設在底座 11之壞撐壁111外周緣，而該螺接件151是穿經頂蓋14 底座11後與螺巾1 152相螺合。當混凝土灌注在模板10 上且减固後，螺鬆該螺接件i5i即可取下頂蓋Μ，而該底 座Π由於係藉螺絲12和模板1〇固定，因此，當模板工〇 2拆解時，該底座11會隨著模板1G -起被拆下，此時中 工套& 13上之一直向通道131即形成混凝土樓板上預 的開孔。 1245830 此種直接以套管13成型開孔的混凝土樓板，由於該 套管13是直接嵌埋在混凝土内，當頂蓋14被取下後會在 樓板上露出一個由套管13所圈圍的直向通道131，因此， 在一般例如無塵室之廠房中，會在該樓板上方再安裝一個 如公告編號第450290號、第529650號等專利案所示之「架 高地板」，由於本發明的設計與該架高地板的結構無關了 不再舉例說明。 申請人前所申請之成型裝置！，其主要目的係藉由套 管13在混凝土樓板上預留開孔，以方便通風設備之管路 通過樓板，在樓板形成之後，再於樓板上方架設「架高地 板」。此種施工方式由於供例如通風管路通過的開孔尺寸 精度不需要特別的要求，而與套f 13軸向套合之頂蓋14 及底座11皆是在未灌聚前即已組裝完妥，因此，該成型 農置1的頂蓋14、底座u及套f 13—般是採用彼此間方 便套合之塑膠材料。惟由於塑膠材料的結構強度較差，因 此，該套管13容易在灌漿的過程中受到混凝土推擠而變 ^亦即，月(j述專利案無法提供尺寸精度較佳的開孔。此 種成型時會產生的缺失’在配合「架高地板」使用時不會 產生使用上的困擾，但若要將混凝土樓板直接當作地板來 使㈣，前述受到擠壓變形之套管13就很難供例如：蓋 板等物。口盍5又。亦即’若要將混凝土樓板直接當作地板來 使用時，改善該成型裝置i之構造，提供較佳安裝伸縮空 ^以供蓋板安H該成«置！設計上待改進之課題。 【發明内容】 1245830 本發明之目的係在提供一種具有較佳安裝伸縮空 間，並可作為塗佈裝修材之收邊，同時可覆蓋接縫之混凝 土樓板預留開孔的成型裝置及其施工方法。 本4明成型！置係可固定在一模板上，俾當模板上灌 漿形成一混凝土樓板時，在該樓板上預留開孔。本發明之 成型裝置皆包含：至少—個成型組合體，每-成型組合體 包括：-安裝在模板上的@接單元、—位_接單元上的 套管，以及—套設在該套管上方之墊襯元件，其中該套管 上具有一貫穿樓板的通道。 10 15 、當該混凝土樓板直接作為地板使㈣，蓋設在該套管 之通迢上方的-蓋板，即可以因為墊襯元件夾設在套管及 蓋板間’而避免套管及蓋板直接摩擦產生噪音，前述塾概 讀亦提供較佳的安裝伸縮空間，以避免套管在樓板成形 ㈣程受到混凝土壓力推擠變形時，該蓋板無法安置在套 發明的固接單元係用於將整個成型、组合體固定在 建築模板上；上述固接單元的構造並無特別的限制，盆可 :是：：元件，或者由-固定元件及至少-支持元件所組 ，、中该固定兀件的外觀或形狀並無特殊的限制 =整個成型組合體之支持元件及套管固定於特定的定 使其於後面的灌漿作f時不致於產生移位或脫離的 月二阿’另外’該固定元件亦可考慮與支持元件的形狀 相付合的形狀來做設計。在外觀設計上，該以元件 例如：圓形、角形、方形、橢圓形等之盤狀物、輻射狀物: 20 !24583〇 ::物或點狀物等，若為點狀物的固定元件可例如螺栓之 中二：：個以上的固定點，若為盤狀物可為實心盤狀物或 :部鏤空的盤狀物，而固定元件固定於建築模板的方 鎖螺絲方式’或輸入方式或直接焊固在模板上 的螺帽形式。 10 15 本發明之支持元件係位於該固定元件上方，用以支持 二壁面’該支持元件並無特殊的限制，其目的在於支持 /使縣官在套設後不會產生移動、振動、搖晃、變 =等情形’另外’支持元件亦有可使套管精確套入的功 旎。上述支持元件的形狀例如：圓形、角形、方形、擴圓 形产等之盤狀物、輕射狀物、環狀物或片狀物等，為了配合 =之形狀’其以具有—往徑向外端水平往上突出的環底 土為佳’前述支持元件的位置是位於固定元件的上方，例 :與固定元件相連接或其上方的位置皆可，即只要可使套 官位於該支持元件上而不產生移動、搖晃或變形即可，支 持兀件的δ又置位置及形狀大小可由套管内所受的混凝土 的不同壓力來決定，套管所受壓力大的位置即需有支持元 件的設置’避免套管受塵力擠麼而變形或破裂；又該支持 几件可以螺絲焊固或鉚釘等方式固^在固定元件或 結機構上。 口口本發明之套管係位於固接單元上，所謂套管位於固接 ，元上係指套管連接在固接單元上，較佳係套管位於固接 :元上方；其係包括套管與固接單元呈可分離之兩個獨立 單元或套管與固接單元二者呈—體成形物或其他任何形 20 1245830 式的連接，只要符合本發明的精神皆可。本發明的套管具 有一管壁，以及一由該管壁界定而成並形成樓板上開孔的 通逼，該套管的形狀、大小係由預留開孔的形狀、大小來 決定，例如混凝土樓板預留開孔可為圓形或四邊形及多邊 形等，在圓形的開孔時，該套管係為圓筒狀，套管係位於 支持元件上，藉著支持元件的構造，以利於套管的連接； 另外"亥套管之管壁頂緣具有一承接墊襯元件的承接結 構，該承接結構係用來承接墊襯元件，使墊襯元件可以與 10 15 承接結構密切貼合於上，承接結構的具體例係具有一向輕 向外端亚向上延伸的斜擴段、一位於該斜擴段上方的直伸 f ’以及一自該直伸段頂緣徑向突出的套管突、緣，上述套 ’犬緣與樓板上方之樓面平齊。 本發明之墊襯元件具有一中間鏤空的結構，此一中間 鏤空的結構包括中間鏤空的盤狀物，格子狀鏤空的盤狀 物，輕射狀鏤空的盤狀物等形狀，墊概元件架設在套管上 方的管壁頂緣，且與該套管之管壁頂緣相貼靠；本發明之 塾襯几件的架設係因混凝土樓板直接作為地板使用時，芸 :!=二通道上方的-蓋板，即可以因為塾概元件： ::產生噪音或掉漆，另外塾襯元件亦提供較二 但工間u避免套管在樓板成形的過程受 擠變形時，該蓋板無法安置在套管上，·另 =推 架設可方便爾後結構體上塗佈裝修材時，作=的 邊’因-般在混凝土灌漿的高度與套管突緣切：^、收 丟g大緣切齊，混凝土 20 1245830 灌椠施工階段後，在.混凝土上需塗佈一層環氧樹脂系組成 物的裝修材，以形成該裝修層，此裝修層厚度與塾概元件 的墊襯突緣高度切齊，因此墊襯元件即可達到修飾邊緣的 目的。 本發明之墊襯元件之形狀、大小並沒有固定的形狀； -般墊襯元件的中間鏤空區域之截面積佔套管之管壁界 定而成之通道截面積的6G%以上，較佳85%以上，最佳土㈣ 以上，此中間鏤空結構的目的係作為通風、流通空氣、過 ίο 15 滤空氣或維修管線通路之用，若中間鎮空結構太少則不利 通風、過濾空氣或維修管線通路等用途。 、另外，本發明的塾襯元件係置於套管頂緣之上方，墊 襯元件的頂緣高度與套管之頂緣高度有一高度差，此高度 差較佳為塾襯元件的頂緣高度需係高於套管之頂緣= 度，此墊襯元件的頂緣高度與套管之頂緣高度差為足以= t修材f可施工的厚度，裝修材質的厚度係以施工的要求 ^主’一般厚度大約0.卜15_，較佳為〇·5〜1〇_，最佳 為1〜5mm 〇 哭rf概元件上方係放置頂蓋，頂蓋上方為放置重的儀 ;:私動儀盗時’為了不使頂蓋產生滑動、移動、位移， ^襯凡件上方開幾個凹槽，而頂蓋下方開幾個凸#， =方開幾個凹槽做為與套管上緣的固定，防止塾= j移動、，動；塾襯元件的具體例如··塾概元件上具 大出於套官頂緣之塾概突緣，該塾襯突緣可成為—裝 20 1245830 I層鋪5又的基準’較佳為該墊襯突緣徑向突出的長度小於 j套官之一径向突出的套管突緣，以便讓該裝修層鋪設覆 1在套s /、此旋土樓板的接縫，防止水泥灰堆積在此接縫 中’墊襯7L件的材質為非金屬材f，材質不刻意限制，可 =使用塑膠材質例如··聚乙烯、聚丙烯、丙烯腈—丁二烯— 苯乙烯共水物、苯乙烯—丁二烯嵌段共聚物、聚縮駿、聚 酯、聚環氧樹脂等。 ίο 15 本發明可另外加上連結-頂蓋與固接元件，或該頂蓋 與模板的—連結機構，此連結機構的作祕可使本發明的 成型裝置在灌漿時更為制並可防止頂蓋脫落，上述連社 :構的外觀形狀可為柱狀、鏈狀、環狀等等，上述連結機 構的具體例可為：穿經頂蓋而螺接在螺孔上的螺接件，以 及一螺鎖在該螺接件上方， 上方亚使頂盍及固接元件緊密夹持 吕、”目，此連結機構料—種辅助設備，對本發 言，並不盡然為必僙的π | 型裳置更以計卜在防止頂蓋脫落及成 接固定面，該綱構亦可採用在頂蓋上方直 -個哎數η 1歹1如在頂盍上方以一桿狀物或板狀物固定 特別=型組合體，此種在頂蓋上方直接固定的方式 ::在預•成形工法中需要，亦即，在以 物或板狀物串聯固定至少-個成型組合體。 d -:述成型裝置的各元件或機構 -、套管等’並無特別的限制，二口接早 或塑膠等為材料， 〜屬不銹鋼、木材 以非金屬為較佳。 残鋼綠佳，而墊襯元件則 20 124583〇 6本發明所述之建築模板的材f係依施工方法不同而 二其可為：木製、鋼製、塑膠製等等，若以預鑄式混凝 土樓板的施工方法，該掇始M m … 豕杈扳以使用鋼製材質為較佳，若為 現場建築式混凝土樓板的施工方 …、 為佳 乃忒岭，该杈板以採用木製 ίο 15 20 發明之施卫方法是利用前述成型裝置，而可形成— 預鑄式混凝土樓板’或者一現場建築式混凝土樓板，所謂 闕式的混凝土樓板施工方法，係在樓層建築預定地^ 场）以外的工地上，事先預鑄成預留開孔的混凝土樓板， 此預鑄的混凝土樓板再移至建築預定地現場將其組合而 成的施工方法。而所謂的現場建築式混凝土樓板的施工方 法，係直接在建築物預定地樓板位置上施卫的施工方法， 上述兩種施工方法的步驟包括·· ⑴將該固接單元固定於預鑄式或相場建築用之模板上； ⑺將該套管套設在該固接單元上；（3)將該墊襯元件套設在 套管上方； (4) 視需要以_連結機構固定該套管，·及 (5) 在前述套管外的樓板上進行灌漿。 本發明再一種混凝土樓板的施工方法，係將固接單元 與該套管之—體成形物固定於預鑄式或者現場建築用之模 板上，然後再依序進行第（3)〜(5)個的加工步驟。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚 12 I24583〇 的明白。 參閱圖3、4、5,本發明成型袭置之一較佳實施例係 破安裝在一模板21上，當混凝土灌注在該模板21上方且 政固後’可形成一混凝土樓板22，並且在該樓板22上預 設㈣，所述混凝土樓板可為—般現場建築式樓板或者為 預式樓板。 ^本發明之成型裝置包含：數個第-成型組合體3、數 個弟一成型組合體3 ’，以及教個、查技 数個連接在該等成型組合體 ίο 15 20 \、3’間並具有靜電接地功能的導電單元％。其中該導電 早凡30包括：兩個各別固定在該等成型組合體Μ、Μ，上 的金屬導電件30卜-連接在該等導電件3〇ι間的銅製導 請，以及-將該第一成型組合體3接地的導地接線 3〇3,藉此讓該成型裝置上的金屬元件具有靜電導電功 能。=發明該等成型組合體3、3,皆包括：—固接單元4、 -套官5、一墊襯兀件6、—連結機構7，以及一頂蓋8。 配合圖5’該固接單元4具有-固定元件4卜數個將 該固定元件41固定地安裝在模板21上的螺絲42,以及一 套設在該岐元件41上方的支持元件仏。上述固定元件 41具有—水平並與模板21間隔之基壁4U、-自該基壁 ⑴之外環周緣往下垂直延伸的圍繞壁412，以及一自該 圍繞壁412底端向徑向外端延伸的固定底壁413，在該基 ^ 中央下凹之凹部上具有一直向的螺孔414。而該等 螺絲42是穿過該固定元件41之固定底壁413後螺鎖在模 板21上4支持元件43具有—可供該固定元件^伸入 13 1245830 5 定位的容套部431、一與該容套部431同軸心環繞的框繞 部432 ’以及多數徑向銜接在容套部431及圍繞部432間 的徑延部433，其中該容套部431上具有一開口朝下以供 該固定元件41之基壁411及圍繞壁412伸入定位的容室 434，以及一位在容套部431中央並與螺孔414直向對應 的牙套孔435 ’而该框繞部432上具有一直向的頂擇壁 436。 10 15 20 參閱圖4、6、7，本發明之套管5具有一圍繞一中心 軸線而設之管壁51，以及一由該管壁51界定而成的通道 52，其中該管壁51之一底端的内周面與支持元件“之頂 撐壁436的外徑相當，故兩者間可穩固地套合（參閱圖6)， 在該官壁51的頂端具有一環往上並往徑向外端斜伸的斜 擴段511、一環位於該斜擴段511頂端的直伸段512，以 及一環位於該直伸段512頂端且往徑向外端水平延伸之套 管突緣513。 該墊襯元件6呈中空狀地套裝在套管5的頂端，具 有：-貼靠在管壁51之内周面上方的下直延段6卜一斜 度與套官5之斜擴段511配合的斜伸段62、一 段62上方的上直延段⑽-自該上直延段二:: 徑向外周緣水平延伸的墊襯突緣64，上述墊襯突緣以是 平貼在該套管5之套管突緣513上方，其徑向突出的長度 小於該套管突、緣513徑向突出的長度，而該下直延段61 上開設兩個間隔的缺口 611。 該連結機構7包括 螺接件71以及一螺帽π，其 14 1245830 中=接们！底端穿過支持元件43之穿套孔挪後螺鎖 元件：:：41的螺孔414上。而該頂蓋8是架設在套襯 件6上方，具有一水平圓形之頂壁8卜-自該頂壁81 之座向外周緣往下延伸並套設在該塾減件㈣的 0^ ° 本發明之成型裝置在安裝時，首先以螺絲42 ίο 15 20 =且t體3、3,之固定元件41間隔地固定在模板二 ’、“杈板21上方架設圖中未示出的鋼筋 =將支持元件43套設在該固定元件41上方。而該： 底端是穿過支持件43後螺鎖在固定元件Μ的螺孔 =二之後將套管5底端套設在支持元件43的頂撐壁 =周緣（參閱圖6)，並於該套管5頂端依序安裝該塾 ^件6及頂蓋8,為了提高該套管5承載混凝土時之結 構強度，本發明可士鬧q — & a j如圖3所不’在螺接件71上再架設另 突:=持元件43,，安裝後該螺接件71的頂端會 頂蓋8穩固定結合。目2的螺接’來將固接單元4及 閱圖3、7、8 ’本發明之成型裝置安裝在模板21上， 2订/崔裝時、’灌浆的高度係以套管5之套管突緣513為 ^亦Ρ /孩為成之樓板22上具有-位於上方的樓 樓面221係與套管突緣513平齊。待混凝土凝 先解下螺帽72、頂蓋8及螺接件71，然後解下模 :2二在模板21被取下之同時，固定在該模板以上的固 疋牛41會一起被取下，而原本用來維持該套管5形狀 15 1245830 的支持兀件43也可取下，此時成型的樓板22上即會露出 通向樓面221的通道52。 5 值得一進步說明的是，安裝本發明成型裝置的樓板 2可以在不必使用「架高地板」的情況下，直接作為樓 層的地板。為了達到該項㈣，首先在混凝土樓板22上 10 鋪設一層例如環氧樹脂系組成物的裝修層23,上述褒修層 23:設的位置覆蓋過該套管5之套管突緣513，但止於^ 7突出長度較小之墊襯元件6㈣襯突緣64，鋪設後由於 裂修層23的邊緣覆蓋過套管5與混凝土樓板22的接縫， 15 20 * 4 ’可以避免水泥灰堆積在接縫處，造成防塵效果的不 理想。之後在墊襯元件6的上方蓋設-蓋板24，上述蓋板 24可為圖7所示設有數通風孔241，亦可為封閉的板體， 為了達到防靜電的目的’前述蓋板24及套管5以採用金 屬製：為佳’且上述蓋板24可被設計成和套管5相抵觸。 〃閱圖3、5、9，更具體而言，本發明之施工方法 :用來成型預鑄式混凝土樓板22，或者現場建築式混凝土 略有差旦在^種不同樓板22的施卫上只是模板21的形式 樓柄二步驟而言係屬相同，其中預鎢式混凝土 樓板22通常採用鋼材作模板21，而現場建築式混凝 板22通常採用木材來製造模板21，但無 樓板22或者現場建築式樓板22，其施卫 括= 的某些步驟： 白匕括U下 (1) 將該固接單亓4 m 文平凡4固疋在模板21上 (2) 架設鋼筋。 16 1245830 C3)將該套管5套設在該固接單元4上。 (4) 將連結機構7之螺接件71螺鎖於該固接單元4上。 (5) 將該墊襯元件6套設在套管5的上方。 ⑹將頂蓋8安裝在墊襯元件6的上方，同時利用螺帽 將頂蓋8固定，或以一桿狀物或板狀物固定一個或數 個成型組合體3、3,（串聯）。 (7) 進行灌漿，以形成該樓板22。 (8) 拆解螺巾冒72、頂冑8、桿狀物或板狀物等連結機構。 (9) 拆解模板21，在拆解模板21時由於該固接單元彳是 安裝該模板21上，故會一併被拆解。 (10) 在樓板22上塗佈環氧樹脂系組成物，以形成該裝修 層 23。 一 (11) 將蓋板24套接在墊襯元件6上方，前述蓋板24的遮 閉率可依需要而改變。 參閱圖10、11，本發明成型裝置之另一較佳實施例亦 包含數個成型組合體，每一成型組合體則是包括固接單元 4、套管5、墊襯元件6以及頂蓋8。本實施例與圖4之實 施例的差別在於：該套管5與固接單元4係一體成型。 本發明圖10之成型組合體在施工時，首先將一體成 型之固接單元4與套管5固定在模板21上，必要時亦可 在兩相鄰的固接單元4之間加設聯結桿件（未示於圖中）， 然後架設鋼筋，架設鋼筋後的施工步驟與圖9中第（4)步 驟及以下的步驟大致相同，不再說明。 由以上說明可知，本發明將一墊襯元件6安装在套管 17 1245830 5的上方，不僅未見於以 用該墊襯元件6躲^ Μ衣置料設計更可利 千6將套官5及蓋板24 直接接觸摩擦產生噪音，同時㈧避免該4兀件 板板面的—部份，因此板24是直接作為地 5 10 15 20 載機具時，該墊襯元件6可以 襯的❹。此外，本發明之墊襯4 6也可以 :i、:衣伸Μ間’以避免套管5受到混凝土擠麼變形 影響到金屬蓋板24組裝的密合性。同時，本發明該 套官5所提供之套f突緣513，以及墊襯元件6所提供之 塾襯突緣64，不僅可以形成灌漿及塗佈裝修層23時之基 準〃中該塾襯突緣64徑向突出長度小於套管突緣… 的構造’更使得裝修層23能夠覆蓋在套管5與混凝土間 的接縫、，以避免灰塵堆積在接縫處，影響到防塵的效果。 准以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 =以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 &圍及發明說明書内容所作之簡軍的等效變化與修飾，皆 應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是公告編號第449634號發明專利案之一立體分 解圖； 圖2是該發明專利案之一組合剖視圖； Θ 3疋本發明成型裝置之一較佳實施例的組合剖視 圖； 圖4尺该較佳實施例之一未完整的立體分解圖，單獨 顯示5亥成型裝置之一成型組合體； 18 1245830 圖5是該較佳實施例的一使用狀態參考圖，顯示該成 型裝置已裝在一樓板上的狀態； 圖6是該較佳實施例之一部份放大圖，澤頁示該成蜜組 合體之一固接單元的構造； 圖7是該較佳實施例之另一部份放大圖，顯示該成塑 組合體之一套管及一墊襯元件間的對應構造； 圖8是該較佳實施例之另一使用狀態參考圖； 圖9是本發明施工方法之一較佳實施例的流程圖； 圖10疋一類似圖4的未完整立體分解圖，說明本發_ 月成1扁置之另一較佳實施例的成型組合體構造；及 圖11是一類似圖9的流程圖，說明本發明圖丨〇之實 施例的加工步驟。1245830 发明 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a forming device for a concrete floor slab with a reserved opening and a construction method thereof, in particular to a part of the forming device directly with 5 limbs on the concrete floor Construction method, and an opening is reserved in the concrete floor and a forming device thereof. [Prior art] Click on the three-dimensional exploded view and combined sectional view of the invention No. 34 on the side of the bulletin No. 34 applied by the applicant previously applied by the applicant shown in Figures 1 and 2. The molding 10 device 1 of the aforementioned patent is installed on a template 1G, including ·· A base U, several screws 12 fixing the base 11 to the template 10Jl, an axial sleeve set on one of the bases 11, a hollow sleeve 13 on the support wall in, and a cover above the sleeve 13 The top cover 14 ′ and a connection mechanism 15 that connects the base 11 and the top cover 14. The connecting mechanism 15 includes: a rod-shaped screwing member 15 丨, and a nut 152 that is under the base 11 and can be screwed with the screwing member 151. During use, the nut 152 is placed below the base 11 and the base 11 is fixed on the template i by screws. Then, the sleeve 13 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the bad supporting wall 111 of the base 11 and the screw joint 151 After passing through the top cover 14 and the base 11, it is screwed with the towel 1 152. When the concrete is poured on the formwork 10 and the solidification is reduced, the top cover M can be removed by loosening the screw joint i5i, and the base Π is fixed by the screw 12 and the formwork 10. Therefore, when the formwork 〇2 is disassembled At this time, the base 11 will be removed along with the formwork 1G. At this time, the middle sleeve of the middle sleeve & 13 always forms a pre-opening in the concrete floor on the channel 131. 1245830 This type of concrete floor slab directly formed with an opening through the casing 13, because the casing 13 is directly embedded in the concrete, when the top cover 14 is removed, a floor surrounded by the casing 13 will be exposed on the floor. Straight passage 131. Therefore, in a general factory building such as a clean room, a "elevated floor" as shown in patents such as bulletin numbers 450290 and 529650 is installed above the floor. The design has nothing to do with the structure of the raised floor and will not be exemplified. The molding device previously applied by the applicant! The main purpose is to reserve an opening in the concrete floor through the sleeve 13 so that the pipeline of the ventilation equipment can pass through the floor. After the floor is formed, an "elevated floor" is set up above the floor. This construction method does not require special requirements for the dimensional accuracy of the openings through which, for example, the ventilation pipe passes, and the top cover 14 and the base 11 which are axially fitted with the sleeve f 13 are assembled before being filled. Therefore, the top cover 14, the base u, and the sleeve f13 of the molded farming unit 1 are generally made of plastic materials that are easily fitted with each other. However, due to the poor structural strength of the plastic material, the sleeve 13 is susceptible to being pushed by the concrete during the grouting process. That is to say, the patent mentioned in the above-mentioned patent (J) cannot provide openings with better dimensional accuracy. This type of molding The "missing time" will not cause trouble when used in conjunction with the "elevated floor", but if the concrete floor is to be directly used as the floor, the sleeve 13 that has been squeezed and deformed is difficult to provide. For example: cover plate and so on. Mouth 又 5. That is, 'if the concrete floor is to be used directly as the floor, improve the structure of the forming device i, and provide a better installation telescopic space for the cover plate. It is a problem to be improved in design. [Abstract] 1245830 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concrete floor with a better installation and expansion space, which can be used as a finishing edge for coating and decoration materials, and can also cover joints. Forming device with reserved openings and its construction method. The forming method of the present invention can be fixed on a formwork. When the formwork is grouted to form a concrete floor, the openings are reserved in the floor. The forming devices all include: at least one forming assembly, each of the forming assemblies includes:-a socket connected to the template, a sleeve on the position unit, and a cushion placed on the sleeve Lining element, where the sleeve has a passage through the floor. 10 15 When the concrete floor is used directly as a floor covering, the cover plate, which is located above the through hole of the sleeve, can be clamped by the cushioning element. It is located between the casing and the cover plate to avoid direct friction between the casing and the cover plate to generate noise. The foregoing overview also provides better installation telescopic space to prevent the casing tube from being pushed and deformed by the concrete pressure during the floor forming process. The cover plate cannot be placed on the fixing unit of the invention, which is used to fix the entire molding and assembly on the building template; the structure of the above fixing unit is not particularly limited. The pot can be: -The fixing element and at least the supporting element group, there is no special restriction on the appearance or shape of the fixing element = the supporting element and the sleeve of the entire molding assembly are fixed to a specific grout for f It will not cause displacement or detachment. In addition, the fixed element can also be designed in consideration of the shape that matches the shape of the supporting element. In appearance design, the elements such as: circular, angular, and square Disks, ellipses, etc .: 20! 24583〇 :: objects or dots, etc., if the fixed elements are dots, such as bolts: 2: more than a fixed point, if The disk may be a solid disk or a hollowed disk, and the fixing element is fixed in the form of a square lock screw of the building template, or an input method or a nut form directly welded to the template. 10 15 This invention The support element is located above the fixed element to support the two walls. The support element is not particularly limited, and its purpose is to support / enable the magistrate to avoid movement, vibration, shaking, and change after installation. The 'additional' support element also has the function of allowing the sleeve to be accurately inserted. The shape of the above supporting element is, for example, a disc, a light shot, a ring, or a sheet of a circle, an angle, a square, an enlarged circle, etc., in order to fit the shape of =, which has a diameter of- It is better that the ring bottom soil protrudes horizontally and upwardly to the outside. The position of the aforementioned supporting element is above the fixed element, for example: it can be connected to or above the fixed element, that is, as long as the sleeve can be positioned on the supporting element It does not need to be moved, shaken or deformed. The δ position and shape of the supporting element can be determined by the different pressures of the concrete in the casing. The position where the casing is subjected to high pressure requires support elements. Set 'to prevent the casing from being deformed or cracked by being squeezed by dust; it should also support several pieces that can be fixed to the fixing element or knotting mechanism by screw welding or rivets. The sleeve of the present invention is located on the fixed unit. The so-called sleeve is located on the fixed unit. The above means that the sleeve is connected to the fixed unit. Preferably, the sleeve is located above the fixed unit: it includes a sleeve. The tube and the fixing unit are separable two independent units or the sleeve and the fixing unit are both a body-shaped object or any other type of connection, as long as it conforms to the spirit of the present invention. The casing of the present invention has a tube wall and a through force defined by the tube wall and forming an opening in the floor. The shape and size of the casing are determined by the shape and size of the reserved opening, for example Concrete floor slabs can be round or quadrangular, polygonal, etc. For round openings, the sleeve is cylindrical, and the sleeve is located on the support element. The structure of the support element is beneficial to The connection of the casing; In addition, the top edge of the tube wall of the "Hai casing" has a receiving structure for receiving the pad element, the receiving structure is used to receive the pad element, so that the pad element can closely fit the 10 15 receiving structure In the above, the specific example of the bearing structure is an oblique expansion section that extends lightly outwardly and sub-upward, a straight extension f ′ above the oblique expansion section, and a casing protrusion that projects radially from the top edge of the straight extension section. The edge of the above set of dogs is flush with the floor above the floor. The pad element of the present invention has a hollow structure in the middle, and this hollow structure includes the shape of the hollow plate in the middle, the hollow plate in the shape of a lattice, the hollow plate in the shape of a light shot, and the like. The top edge of the tube wall above the sleeve is in abutment with the top edge of the tube wall of the sleeve; the erection of several pieces of the lining of the present invention is directly used as the floor when the concrete floor is used. -The cover plate can be used because of the general element: :: generating noise or paint, and the lining element is also provided. However, the cover can not be placed when the sleeve is extruded and deformed during the forming process of the floor. On the casing, · Another = push erection can be convenient when coating the decoration material on the structure later, the edge is used to cut the height of the concrete grout with the casing flange: ^, lost g large edge cut Qi, concrete 20 1245830 After the construction stage of concrete pouring, a layer of decoration material of epoxy resin composition needs to be coated on the concrete to form the decoration layer. The thickness of this decoration layer is cut with the height of the padding flange of the general element. So that the padding element can reach the trimming edge the goal of. The shape and size of the pad element of the present invention are not fixed;-The cross-sectional area of the hollowed-out area of the pad element generally accounts for more than 6G%, preferably 85%, of the cross-sectional area of the channel defined by the tube wall of the sleeve. Above, best soil and above, the purpose of this intermediate hollow structure is to ventilate, circulate air, filter air or repair pipeline passages. If there are too few intermediate hollow structures, it is not good for ventilation, filtered air, or maintenance pipeline passages. And other uses. In addition, the lining element of the present invention is placed above the top edge of the casing. The height of the top edge of the lining element and the height of the top edge of the casing have a height difference, and this height difference is preferably the height of the top edge of the lining element. Need to be higher than the top edge of the sleeve = degree, the height difference between the top edge of the pad element and the top edge of the sleeve is enough = t repairable material f can be constructed, the thickness of the decoration material is based on the construction requirements ^ The main thickness is about 0. 15-15, preferably 0.5 ~ 1〇_, and most preferably 1 ~ 5mm. The top cover is placed on top of the rf element, and a heavy instrument is placed on the top cover; When the instrument is stolen, in order not to cause the top cover to slide, move, and displace, ^ several grooves are opened above the lining, and a few convex # are opened below the top cover. The edge is fixed to prevent 塾 = j from moving. The specific example of the lining element has a ridge outline that is largely out of the top edge of the official rim. The lining ridge can become—pack 20 1245830. The reference of the I layer pavement 5 is preferably that the length of the radial protrusion of the pad flange is less than the sleeve flange of the j sleeve, so that the equipment Repair the layer and cover the joints of the set of s / this earth-moving floor to prevent cement ash from accumulating in this joint. The material of the 7L pad is a non-metallic material f. The material is not intentionally restricted, but can be made of plastic. Examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene co-hydrate, styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polycondensate, polyester, polyepoxy resin, and the like. ίο 15 The present invention can be additionally provided with a connection-top cover and a fixing element, or a connection mechanism of the top cover and a template. The secretion of this connection mechanism can make the molding device of the present invention more controllable during grouting and prevent The top cover is detached, and the appearance of the above-mentioned association: structure can be columnar, chain-shaped, ring-shaped, etc. A specific example of the above-mentioned connection mechanism can be: a threaded member that passes through the top cover and is screwed to the screw hole. And a screw lock above the screw, the upper sub-clamp tightly clamps the lug and the fixed element. The connection mechanism is a kind of auxiliary equipment. For this speech, it is not necessarily a necessary pi | It is also used to prevent the top cover from falling off and forming a fixed surface. The framework can also be used to straight above the top cover. Number 1 1 1 If it is fixed by a rod or plate above the top cover Special = type assembly, this type of direct fixation on the top cover :: required in the pre-forming method, that is, at least one molding assembly is fixed in series by an object or a plate. D-: said molding There are no special restrictions on the components or mechanisms of the device, casing, etc. Glue and other materials, ~ stainless steel, wood is preferably non-metal. Residual steel is green, and pad elements are 20 124583〇 The material f of the building template according to the present invention is different depending on the construction method. For: wooden, steel, plastic, etc., if the concrete concrete floor construction method is used, it is better to use steel materials for the initial M m… Fang ..., for the Kanai Ling Ridge, the protection method of the slab is made of wooden ίο 15 20 invention is to use the aforementioned forming device to form-concrete concrete floor slab 'or a field concrete floor slab, the so-called concrete The concrete floor slab construction method is on a construction site other than the floor construction site (pre-designed site), and a concrete floor slab is reserved in advance, and the concrete floor slab is moved to the construction site and assembled. Construction method. The so-called on-site construction concrete floor slab construction method is a construction method of directly defending the building at the predetermined floor slab position. The steps of the above two construction methods Including ... 固定 Fix the fixing unit on the template for 預鑄 -type or phase field construction; 套 Set the sleeve on the fixing unit; (3) Set the pad element above the sleeve (4) if necessary, fix the casing with a _ coupling mechanism, and (5) grout on the floor slab outside the aforementioned casing. Another construction method of the present invention is to connect the fixed unit and the casing. -The shaped body is fixed on a slab or on-site building template, and then the processing steps (3) to (5) are sequentially performed. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents of the present invention, Features and effects will be clearly understood in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. Referring to Figures 3, 4, and 5, one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is broken. Installed on a formwork 21, when concrete is poured over the formwork 21 and solidified, a concrete floor slab 22 can be formed, and a concrete slab is preset on the floor slab 22. The concrete floor slab can be an on-site architectural floor slab or For pre-type floor. ^ The molding device of the present invention comprises: several first-molding assemblies 3, several younger-molding assemblies 3 ', and teaching and searching techniques connected between these 15-20 \, 3' And has a conductive unit with electrostatic grounding function%. Wherein the conductive early 30 includes: two metal conductive pieces 30 respectively fixed on the molding assemblies M, M,-a copper guide connected between the conductive pieces 30m, and- The grounding connection 30 of the first molding assembly 3 is grounded, so that the metal elements on the molding device have an electrostatic conductive function. = Invented these molding combinations 3, 3, all include:-a fixed unit 4,-a sleeve 5, a padding element 6,-a connection mechanism 7, and a top cover 8. According to FIG. 5 ', the fixing unit 4 has a fixing element 4 and a plurality of screws 42 for fixingly fixing the fixing element 41 on the template 21, and a supporting element 套 set above the manifold element 41. The above-mentioned fixing element 41 has a base wall 4U horizontally and spaced from the template 21, a surrounding wall 412 extending vertically downward from the peripheral edge of the outer ring of the base wall ⑴, and a radially outer end from the bottom end of the surrounding wall 412 The extending fixed bottom wall 413 has a straight screw hole 414 in a concave portion recessed in the center of the base. The screws 42 pass through the fixed bottom wall 413 of the fixing element 41 and are screw-locked on the template 21. The supporting element 43 has a sleeve portion 431 for the fixing element to extend into 13 1245830. The casing winding portion 431 is concentrically surrounded by the frame winding portion 432 ′, and most of the radial extensions 433 are radially connected between the casing portion 431 and the surrounding portion 432, wherein the casing portion 431 has an opening facing downward for this. The base wall 411 and the surrounding wall 412 of the fixing element 41 extend into the positioning chamber 434, and there is a dental mouth hole 435 'in the center of the casing portion 431 and corresponding to the screw hole 414, and the frame winding portion 432 has a向 的 顶 Selection wall 436. 10 15 20 Referring to FIGS. 4, 6 and 7, the sleeve 5 of the present invention has a tube wall 51 disposed around a central axis, and a passage 52 defined by the tube wall 51. The inner peripheral surface of one bottom end is equivalent to the outer diameter of the top supporting wall 436 of the supporting element, so the two can be securely fitted between them (see FIG. 6). An obliquely enlarged section 511 that is obliquely extended at the outer end, a straightly stretched section 512 that is located at the top of the obliquely expanded section 511, and a sleeve flange 513 that is located at the top of the straightly stretched section 512 and extends horizontally to the radial outer end. 6 is sleeved on the top of the casing 5 in a hollow shape, and has:-an oblique extension of a lower straight section 6 abutting on the inner peripheral surface of the pipe wall 51 and a slope matching the inclined expansion section 511 of the casing 5 Section 62, the upper straight extending section above the section 62-from the upper straight extending section 2: :: a padding flange 64 extending radially horizontally from the outer periphery, the padding flange is flat against the sleeve 5 Above the sleeve flange 513, the length of the radial protrusion is smaller than the length of the sleeve flange and the flange 513, and two spaced apart openings are provided on the lower straight extension 61. 611. The connecting mechanism 7 includes a screw connection 71 and a nut π, 14 of which is 1245830 == we are connected! The bottom end passes through the sleeve hole of the support member 43 and moves the screw lock element: :: 41's screw hole 414 The top cover 8 is erected above the sleeve lining member 6 and has a horizontal circular top wall 8-extending downward from the seat of the top wall 81 toward the outer periphery and sleeved on the reducing piece ㈣. 0 ^ ° When the molding device of the present invention is installed, the screws 42 ίο 15 20 = and the fixing elements 41 of the t body 3 and 3 are fixed to the second template at intervals. Reinforcing bar = The supporting element 43 is sleeved above the fixing element 41. The bottom end of the sleeve 5 is screwed into the screw hole of the fixing element M after passing through the supporting member 43 = two, and then the bottom end of the sleeve 5 is sleeved on the top supporting wall of the supporting member 43 = the peripheral edge (see FIG. 6), and The top end of the sleeve 5 is sequentially installed with the bracket 6 and the top cover 8. In order to improve the structural strength of the sleeve 5 when carrying the concrete, the present invention can be described in Q- & aj as shown in Figure 3 Another protrusion is set on the piece 71: = holding element 43, and the top of the screw connection piece 71 will be fixed and fixedly combined after installation. The screw connection of item 2 is used to install the fixing unit 4 and the drawings 3, 7, and 8 'The molding device of the present invention is installed on the mold plate 21, and when the order is 2 or Cui, the height of the grouting is set by the sleeve 5. The tube flange 513 is provided on the floor slab 22 having a-the upper floor 221 is flush with the sleeve flange 513. After the concrete is set, first remove the nut 72, the top cover 8 and the screw joint 71, and then remove the mold: 2 At the same time as the template 21 is removed, the solid yak 41 fixed above the template will be removed together. The support element 43 originally used to maintain the shape of the sleeve 5 15 1245830 can also be removed. At this time, the channel 52 leading to the floor 221 will be exposed on the molded floor 22. 5 It is worth explaining that the floor slab 2 installed with the molding device of the present invention can be directly used as the floor of the floor without having to use an "elevated floor". In order to achieve this, firstly, a decoration layer 23, such as an epoxy resin composition, is laid on 10 of the concrete floor 22, and the above-mentioned repair layer 23: the position covering the casing flange 513 of the casing 5, but The lining element 6 with a smaller protruding length 6 lining the flange 64. After laying, because the edge of the crack repair layer 23 covers the joint between the casing 5 and the concrete floor 22, 15 20 * 4 'can avoid the accumulation of cement ash At the seams, the dust effect is not ideal. Then, a cover plate 24 is placed on the pad element 6. The cover plate 24 may be provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 241 as shown in FIG. 7, or may be a closed plate body. In order to achieve the purpose of antistatic, the aforementioned cover plate 24 The sleeve 5 is preferably made of metal: and the cover plate 24 may be designed to be in conflict with the sleeve 5. See Figures 3, 5, and 9, more specifically, the construction method of the present invention: used to form concrete concrete floor slabs 22, or on-site building concrete is slightly worse on the protection of ^ different floor slabs 22 The form of the formwork 21 of the formwork 21 is the same in the two steps. The pre-tungsten concrete floor slab 22 usually uses steel as the formwork 21, and the on-site building type concrete slab 22 usually uses wood to make the formwork 21, but there is no floor slab 22 or on-site. Architectural floor slab 22, some steps of Wei Wei = = White dagger U (1) Fix the fixed unit 4 m Wen Ping 4 on the formwork 21 (2) Erection of steel bars. 16 1245830 C3) The sleeve 5 is sleeved on the fixing unit 4. (4) The screwing member 71 of the connecting mechanism 7 is screwed on the fixing unit 4. (5) The pad element 6 is sleeved above the sleeve 5. ⑹ Install the top cover 8 above the pad element 6 and fix the top cover 8 with a nut at the same time, or fix one or several molding assemblies 3, 3, (in series) with a rod or plate. (7) Grouting is performed to form the floor 22. (8) Disassemble the connecting mechanism such as screw cap 72, top cymbal 8, rod or plate. (9) The template 21 is disassembled. When the template 21 is disassembled, the fixing unit 彳 is installed on the template 21, so it will be disassembled together. (10) An epoxy resin composition is coated on the floor 22 to form the decoration layer 23. One (11) The cover plate 24 is sleeved over the pad element 6, and the blocking rate of the cover plate 24 can be changed as required. Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, another preferred embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention also includes a plurality of molding assemblies, and each molding assembly includes a fixing unit 4, a sleeve 5, a pad element 6 and a top cover 8. . The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment of FIG. 4 lies in that the sleeve 5 and the fixing unit 4 are integrally formed. During the construction of the molding assembly of FIG. 10 of the present invention, firstly, the integrally-shaped fixing unit 4 and the sleeve 5 are fixed on the template 21, and if necessary, a connecting rod can be added between two adjacent fixing units 4 (Not shown in the figure), and then erection of the steel bars. The construction steps after the steel bars are erected are roughly the same as step (4) in Fig. 9 and the following steps, and will not be described again. As can be seen from the above description, the present invention installs a pad element 6 above the sleeve 17 1245830 5. It is not only not seen in the use of the pad element 6 to hide the design of the clothing material, but also the sleeve 5 and the sleeve 5 The cover plate 24 directly contacts the friction to generate noise, and at the same time, avoid the part of the plate surface of the four elements. Therefore, when the plate 24 is directly used as a ground 5 10 15 20 carrier, the pad element 6 can be lined. In addition, the pad 46 of the present invention can also be: i ,: clothes extension M 'to prevent the sleeve 5 from being deformed by the concrete, which will affect the tightness of the assembly of the metal cover plate 24. At the same time, the sleeve flange 513 provided by the sleeve official 5 and the sleeve flange 64 provided by the pad element 6 according to the present invention can not only form the flange lining in the benchmark when grouting and coating the decoration layer 23 The structure that the edge 64 has a radial protrusion length smaller than the casing flange ... makes the decoration layer 23 cover the joint between the casing 5 and the concrete, so as to prevent dust from accumulating at the joint and affecting the dust-proof effect. The above-mentioned ones are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. If not, the scope of implementation of the present invention is not limited, that is, the equivalent of the simple army made according to the contents of the patent application for the invention and the contents of the invention specification. Changes and modifications should still fall within the scope of the invention patent. [Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of one of the invention patent cases with the publication number 449634; FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a combination of the invention patent cases; Θ 3 疋 a combination of a preferred embodiment of the molding device of the present invention Sectional view; Figure 4 is an incomplete exploded view of one of the preferred embodiments, showing a molding assembly of one of the five-dimensional molding devices separately; 18 1245830 Figure 5 is a reference view of the use of the preferred embodiment, showing the The molding device has been installed on a floor; Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of the preferred embodiment, and the sheet shows the structure of a fixed unit of the honeycomb assembly; Figure 7 is the preferred embodiment Another part is an enlarged view showing a corresponding structure between a sleeve and a pad element of the plastic assembly; FIG. 8 is another reference drawing of the use state of the preferred embodiment; FIG. 9 is a construction of the present invention A flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method; FIG. 10 is an incomplete three-dimensional exploded view similar to FIG. 4, illustrating the structure of the molding assembly of another preferred embodiment of the present invention _ Yuecheng 1 flat; and FIG. 11 Is a flowchart similar to FIG. 9 illustrating the present invention FIG Shu square of processing steps implemented embodiment.
19 1245830 【圖式之主要元件代表符號說明】 21 模板 433 徑延部 22 樓板 434 容室 221 樓面 435 穿套孔 23 裝修層 436 頂撐壁 24 盖板 5 套管 241 通風孔 51 管壁 3 第一成型組合體 52 通道 3， 第二成型組合體 511 斜擴段 30 導電單元 512 直伸段 301 導電件 513 套管突緣 302 導線 6 墊槻元件 303 導地接線 61 下直延段 4 固接單元 611 缺口 41 固定元件 62 斜伸段 411 基壁 63 上直延段 412 圍繞壁 64 墊襯突緣 413 固定底壁 7 連結機構 414 螺孔 71 螺接件 42 螺絲 72 螺帽 43 支持元件 8 頂蓋 43, 支持元件 81 頂壁 431 容套部 82 頂環壁 432 框繞部 2019 1245830 [Description of the main symbols of the diagram] 21 Formwork 433 Diameter extension 22 Floor 434 Room 221 Floor 435 Perforation hole 23 Decoration layer 436 Top support wall 24 Cover plate 5 Sleeve 241 Ventilation hole 51 Pipe wall 3 The first molding combination 52, the channel 3, the second molding combination 511, the oblique expansion section 30, the conductive unit 512, the straight extension section 301, the conductive member 513, the sleeve flange 302, the wire 6, the pad element 303, the ground connection 61, and the lower straight section 4 fixed connection Unit 611 Notch 41 Fixing element 62 Inclined section 411 Base wall 63 Upper straight section 412 Surrounding wall 64 Padded flange 413 Fixing the bottom wall 7 Connecting mechanism 414 Screw hole 71 Screw connector 42 Screw 72 Nut 43 Supporting element 8 Top Cover 43, support member 81, top wall 431, housing portion 82, top ring wall 432, frame winding portion 20