1244996 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係與自行車組件有關，更詳而言之是指一種具 有緩衝系統之前又結構。 〃 5【先前技術】 抑/按，常見自行車於車輪與車架之間所裝設的緩衝避震 器係為提供騎乘者舒適的騎乘感受。以液壓式避震前叉為 =，係利用互為套接之一上叉管與一下叉在產生相對移位 蚪(如自行車行經不平整路面之際），將迫使内部的液壓油經 10過阻尼為後據以產生阻尼作用而達成緩衝避震之目的。 請參閱第一圖所示，係一種習用液壓式避震前叉結 構，1前叉1具有一上叉管2與一下叉3，一閥件4結合= 上叉管2底部處，且閥件4中間部位設有一出油孔如及於 出油孔4a兩旁各設一出流孔4b，以及二遮片5設置於該閥 15件4底面並分別位於各出流孔4b下方端口外部，一針閥6 自上叉笞2頂多而向下穿設且針閥6前端如接近出油孔如 上方纟而口，该針閥6後端6b則可受驅轉以調整針閥6前端 6a與出油孔4a上方端口的距離，藉以改變液壓油7通過的 速度，進而達成設定阻尼大小之目的；誠然該前叉i結構 2〇可產生吸收震能之效用，但是，該針閥6直接承受液壓油7 自出油孔4a往上竄流時所產生的衝擊力，在長期作用之 下’針閥6結構將有鬆動之虞；另外，該前叉i結構雖提 i、了緩衝吸晨功效，但，液壓油7在該出油孔4a與各該出 流孔4b之間竄流時，不僅容易有氣泡的產生，且因液壓油 4 1244996 7以固定流量方式通過 的衝擊力時，無法獲得顯^^ 此’本案發明人乃經詳二及收抵消作用，有鑒於 前叉之研τ乡年從事自行車避震 乘感受，終而有本m提供騎緑更舒適的騎 【發明内容】1244996 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to bicycle components. More specifically, it refers to a structure with a buffer system before. 〃 5 [Previous technology] Inhibit / press. Common shock absorbers installed between wheels and frames of bicycles are designed to provide riders with a comfortable riding experience. Take the hydraulic suspension front fork as =, which uses one of the upper fork tube and the lower fork to shift relative to each other (for example, when the bicycle goes over uneven road), it will force the internal hydraulic oil to pass through 10 times. Damping is used to achieve the purpose of damping shock and shock. Please refer to the first figure, which is a conventional hydraulic suspension front fork structure. 1 The front fork 1 has an upper fork pipe 2 and a lower fork 3, and a valve member 4 is combined at the bottom of the upper fork pipe 2 and the valve member. 4 There is an oil outlet hole in the middle part, such as an outlet hole 4b on each side of the oil outlet hole 4a, and two cover plates 5 are provided on the bottom surface of the valve 15 piece 4 and are located outside the ports below each outlet hole 4b. The needle valve 6 is inserted from the upper fork 笞 at most and downwards. If the front end of the needle valve 6 is close to the oil outlet as shown above, the needle valve 6 can be driven to adjust the front end 6a of the needle valve 6 The distance from the port above the oil outlet 4a, so as to change the speed at which the hydraulic oil 7 passes, thereby achieving the purpose of setting the damping level; admittedly, the front fork i structure 20 can produce the effect of absorbing shock energy, but the needle valve 6 directly Withstand the impact force of the hydraulic oil 7 flowing upward from the oil outlet hole 4a, the needle valve 6 structure may be loosened under a long-term effect; In addition, the structure of the front fork i has a buffer suction Morning effect, however, when the hydraulic oil 7 flows between the oil outlet 4a and each of the outlet holes 4b, not only is it easy to generate air bubbles, Due to the impact force of hydraulic oil 4 1244996 7 passing in a fixed flow manner, it is not possible to obtain a significant ^^ This' the inventor of this case has studied the details and the offsetting effect. In the end, this m provides more comfortable riding green [Inventive Content]
15 壯構本的在於提供-種具有緩衝系統之前叉 、、、。構係k供騎乘者之踩踏效率提高。 社構，人要目的在於提供—種具有緩衝系統之前叉 、、·°構係可降低前叉整體的重量。 _本!^之另—目的在於提供—種具有緩衝系統之前叉 、、、口構，係可降低前叉振動頻率。 处祕柄月之再—目的在於提供—種具有緩衝系統之前叉 、、、口構’係可抑制氣泡的產生。15 The strong point is to provide a fork with a buffer system. The structure k is provided for the stepping efficiency of the rider. The purpose of the social organization is to provide a kind of front fork with a buffer system, and the structure can reduce the overall weight of the front fork. _ 本! ^ Another purpose is to provide a kind of front fork with a buffer system, which can reduce the vibration frequency of the front fork. Secret handle of Yuezhuang-the purpose is to provide-a type of fork with a cushioning system, can be used to suppress the generation of air bubbles.
^緣以達成上述之目的，本發明所提供之一種具有缓衝 系統叉結構，包含有··一下叉，具有一封閉底端，·一 上叉管，係穿設於該下叉中且可相對該下又直線上下位 移，該上叉管頂部設有一氣嘴；一液壓油，係充佈於該下 又與ΰ亥上叉管中；一氣室，係形成於該液愿油液面至該氣 嘴之間，且該氣室中的氣壓大於外部常壓；一阻尼器，係 固叹於该上又管底部且位於該液壓油液面下方，該阻尼器 /、有至V 卽流孔’该卽流孔可供液麼油通過，據以產生 阻尼作用。 1244996 【實施方式】 詳細說:於::::發明之較佳實施例’並配合下列圖示 f二圖係本發明—較佳實施例之剖視圖。 Ϊ二圖係本發明前又結構於氣嘴部位之剖視圖。 ^四®係本發日㈣又結構於阻尼器部位 不活塞位於下位點。 口們 第五圖係本發明之阻尼器分解立體圖。 f六圖係類同第四圖，揭示活塞位於上位點。 第七圖係本發明另—較佳實施例之剖視圖。 清參閱第二至四圖所示之本發明具有緩衝系統之前叉 結構，该鈾叉100主要由一下叉10、一上叉管2〇、一止漏 組件30與一阻尼器40等實體構件所組成，且前叉1〇〇内 I5部注入有預定量的液壓油50,以下茲就各構件說明；其中： 該下叉10具有一封閉底端12。 該上叉管20穿設於該下叉1〇中且與下叉1〇同軸心設 置而可對該下叉10直線上下位移，該上叉管20頂部裝設 有一氣嘴22，以及一端蓋24用以遮設該氣嘴22，該上叉 2〇 管20底部内壁面則設有一内螺紋段26。 該止漏組件30設置在該下叉1〇頂部且介於下叉10内 壁與上叉管20外壁之間，其具有防止液壓油50自該處溢 出及密封的效用。 該阻尼器40具有一柱狀本體41、一底板42、一圈狀 6 1244996 扣裱43、一活塞44、一 〇形環45與一為彈簧46之彈性件， 請配合第五圖所示，其中： 該柱狀本體41具有呈貫穿設置之一迴流孔411與一出 油孔412，该出油孔412上段具有一收縮肩部412a，二側 5孔413係同時與該出油孔412相通，一外螺紋段414設置 於柱狀本體41底部且可與該上叉管2〇之内螺紋段26相螺 接配合，二對應的缺口 415係自柱狀本體41底緣朝上凹陷 形成； 该底板42藉由二突塊421嵌合於各該缺口 415中而與 10該柱狀本體41結合，且該底板42外部套設該圈狀扣環43 以避免底板42相對柱狀本體41而脫落，又，該底板42具 有一液壓油節流孔422 (Orifice)與一入油孔423，該節流 孔422與該迴流孔411對應相通且其上端孔徑較下端孔徑 為小，該入油孔423恰與該出油孔412對應相通； 5 違活塞44係為頂端呈開放狀而底端呈封閉狀且於底部 外側套設有該0形環45之筒體，該活塞44設置於該出油 孔412中且可於一未遮蔽各該側孔413之上位點ρι(圖六參 照)與一遮蔽各該側孔413之下位點P2(圖四參照)位置之間 往返位移； 20 該彈簧46亦裝設於該出油孔412中，其一端與收縮肩 部412a抵觸，另一端伸入活塞44内部且與活塞44之内壁 面抵接，該彈簧46提供一向下的頂推力促使該活塞44維 持於該下位點P2位置。 該液壓油50具有黏滯性，從圖二所示可知，液壓油％ 7 1244996 的注入量控制在液面52位在高於該阻尼器4〇上方一俨距 離處，而該液面52至該氣嘴22之間則形成一氣室6〇 ^五 人可自該氣嘴22部位灌入高壓氣體，以使氣室6〇中的& 壓大於前叉100外部常壓，該氣室60内的氣壓可依騎乘= 5體重不同而控制灌入不同大小的氣壓值。 以上即為本發明具有緩衝系統之前叉結構各構件及其 相關位置之說明，接著，說明其產生阻尼作用如下：^ 如第四圖所示之狀態，雖然液壓油5〇能透過孔徑較小 的節流孔422而竄流，但，由於液壓油5〇液面52上方有 ίο高壓氣體輔助，以及該彈簧46具有較大的彈簧係數，因此， 當前叉100在承受較小衝擊作用之際，該衝擊力尚且不足 以造成活塞44產生位移，即活塞44仍遮蔽各該側孔413， 易言之，於此狀態下的下叉10與上叉管2〇猶如一剛性體 而不會產生热盈的緩衝效果，故，不致對於騎乘者的踩踏 is施力造成過多的抵消，使得騎乘者可輕鬆地騎乘自行車。 如第六圖所示之狀態，在自行車行經不平整的路面致 使前叉100承受較大衝擊力且該衝擊力大於彈簧46的預壓 及上叉管20内之油壓及氣壓之力量時，該下叉1〇與上叉 管20將產生對向移動，於此同時，位於阻尼器下方的 2〇液壓油50除了循節流孔422而向上竄流之外，更將迫使該 活塞44自下位點P2往上位點pi位移，而於活塞44上移 過私中，各該側孔413的開口面積逐漸加大，基此，液壓 油50得以遞增方式而逐漸增加通過各該側孔413的流量大 小，另外，於氣室60中的高壓氣體亦具有抑制液壓油5〇 8 1244996 於騎乘時備逐步㈣_擊力赠騎乘者 向移動時，‘二 器40上方的液承 & Λ下位^ Ρ2位置，且阻尼 4〇下方的空間未示）。、再猶節流孔422而回流至阻尼器 +地知’本發明之前叉結構*僅可有效且逐 ί計’以使縣者於躲時職舒適之外，並具 明於^叉刚整體重量的優點，更值得一提的是，本發 :之堅油5G液面52上方所填注的高壓氣體，具有抑制 心油50通過阻尼器4〇時可能產生氣泡的效用，另外， 本發明亦可視縣者的體重而適#地調整氣室⑻内的氣壓 大小’據以改變抑制液壓油5〇的竄流速度，以使吸震緩衝 效果更能符合實際情形的需求。 15 凊再芩閱第七圖所示之本發明前叉另一較佳實施例， 其中该鈾叉200具有與前述實施例相同結構之一下叉 2〇1、一上叉管202、一止漏組件203、一阻尼器2〇4與一 液壓油205，不同的是，該前叉200之上叉管202頂部係設 置一封蓋206,該液壓油205液面至該封蓋206之間形成一 容室207，以及一偏壓裝置208設於該容室207，該偏壓裝 置208具有一浮板208a、一止漏環208b與一為彈簧208c 之頂推件，該浮板208a浮設於該液壓油205液面，該止漏 環208b設於該浮板208a周緣與該上叉管202内壁之間， 止漏環208b具有阻隔液壓油205往容室207竄流的功效， 而該彈簧208c —端抵接於該封蓋206内面，另一端抵觸於 20 1244996 該浮板遞a，彈簧208c提供一作用力促使浮板細&緊貼 設於液壓油205液面；在前又2〇〇之阻尼器2〇4產生阻尼 作用同時，該彈簧2G8e透過浮板篇而抑制液壓油2〇匕5 的竄流速度’俾達成與上述前叉1〇〇相同功效，即，達成 5逐步抵消衝擊力以使騎乘者於騎乘時備感舒適。 是以，本發明於同類產品中已具有進步與實用性，且， 本發明於中請前並無相同物品見於刊物或公開使用，是 以’本發明實已具備創作專利要件，爰依法提出申請。 唯’以上所述者’僅為本發明之較佳可行實施例而已， 〇故舉凡應用本發明說明書及申請專利範圍所為之等效結構 變化，理應包含在本發明之專利範圍内。 1244996 【圖式簡單說明】 第—圖係習用液壓式避震前叉之剖視圖。 第二圖係本發明一較佳實施例之剖視圖。 第三圖係本發明前叉結構於氣嘴部位之剖視圖 揭 第四圖係本發明前叉結構於阻圖 示活塞位於下位點。 視圖 第五圖係本發明之阻尼ϋ分解立體圖。 ==第四圖’揭示活塞位於上位點。 弟七圖係本發明另—較佳實施例之剖視圖。 11 1244996 【主要元件符號說明】 100 前叉 10 下叉 12 封閉底端 5 20 上叉管 22 氣嘴 24 端盡 26 内螺紋段 30 止漏組件 40 阻尼器 41 柱狀本體 411 迴流孔 412 出油孔 10 412a收縮肩部 413 側孔 414 外螺紋段 415 缺口 42 底板 421 突塊 422 節流孔 423 入油孑L 43 圈狀扣壞 44 活塞 45 0形環 46 彈簧 50 液壓油 52 液面 15 60 氣室 P1 上位點 P2 下位點 200 前叉 201 下叉 202 上叉管 203 止漏組件 204 阻尼器 205 液壓油 206 封蓋 20 207 容室 208 偏壓裝置 208a浮板 208b止漏環 208c 彈簧In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a fork structure with a buffer system provided by the present invention includes a lower fork, a closed bottom end, and an upper fork tube, which is disposed in the lower fork and can be A linear nozzle is arranged at the top and bottom of the upper fork tube. A hydraulic nozzle is provided on the top of the upper fork tube. A hydraulic oil is filled in the lower fork tube and the upper fork tube. An air chamber is formed on the surface of the liquid. Between the air nozzle, and the air pressure in the air chamber is greater than the external atmospheric pressure; a damper, which is fixed at the bottom of the upper and lower tube and is located below the hydraulic oil level, the damper /, there is up to V flow Holes: The flow holes allow liquid or oil to pass through, thereby creating a damping effect. 1244996 [Embodiment] In detail: In :::: A preferred embodiment of the invention 'and cooperate with the following figure f The second figure is a sectional view of the present invention-the preferred embodiment. The second figure is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle structure before the present invention. ^ Four series sunburst is structured at the damper position, and the piston is at the lower position. The fifth figure is an exploded perspective view of the damper of the present invention. The f6 diagram is similar to the fourth diagram, revealing that the piston is located at the upper position. The seventh figure is a sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to the second to fourth figures of the present invention for the structure of a front fork of a buffer system. The uranium fork 100 is mainly composed of solid members such as a lower fork 10, an upper fork tube 20, a leak stop assembly 30 and a damper 40. The front fork 100 is filled with a predetermined amount of hydraulic oil 50 in I5, and each component is described below; wherein: the lower fork 10 has a closed bottom end 12. The upper fork tube 20 passes through the lower fork 10 and is coaxially arranged with the lower fork 10 to be able to move linearly up and down the lower fork 10. The top of the upper fork tube 20 is provided with an air nozzle 22 and an end cap. 24 is used to cover the air nozzle 22, and an inner threaded section 26 is provided on the inner wall surface of the bottom of the upper fork 20 tube 20. The leakage stop assembly 30 is disposed on the top of the lower fork 10 and interposed between the inner wall of the lower fork 10 and the outer wall of the upper fork pipe 20, and has the effect of preventing the hydraulic oil 50 from overflowing and sealing therefrom. The damper 40 has a columnar body 41, a bottom plate 42, a ring-shaped 6 1244996 buckle mount 43, a piston 44, an O-ring 45, and an elastic member that is a spring 46. Please cooperate with the fifth figure, Wherein, the columnar body 41 has a return hole 411 and an oil outlet hole 412 which are arranged through the oil outlet hole 412. The upper portion of the oil outlet hole 412 has a contraction shoulder 412a, and the five holes 413 on the two sides communicate with the oil outlet hole 412 simultaneously. An externally threaded section 414 is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical body 41 and can be screwed with the internally threaded section 26 of the upper fork tube 20, and two corresponding notches 415 are formed by recessing upward from the bottom edge of the cylindrical body 41; The bottom plate 42 is engaged with the columnar body 41 by two protruding blocks 421 fitted into the notches 415, and the ring-shaped buckle 43 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom plate 42 to prevent the bottom plate 42 from facing the columnar body 41. The bottom plate 42 has a hydraulic oil orifice 422 (Orifice) and an oil inlet hole 423. The throttle hole 422 is corresponding to the return hole 411 and the upper hole diameter is smaller than the lower hole diameter. The hole 423 communicates with the oil outlet hole 412. 5 The piston 44 is open at the top and closed at the bottom. The cylindrical body of the 0-ring 45 is sleeved on the outer side of the bottom. The piston 44 is disposed in the oil outlet hole 412 and can be located at an upper position of the side holes 413 (refer to FIG. 6) and Cover the back and forth displacement between the position P2 (refer to Figure 4) below each of the side holes 413; 20 The spring 46 is also installed in the oil outlet hole 412, one end of which is in contact with the contraction shoulder 412a, and the other end extends into the piston The inside of 44 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the piston 44. The spring 46 provides a downward pushing force to urge the piston 44 to maintain the position of the lower point P2. The hydraulic oil 50 is viscous. As shown in Figure 2, the injection amount of the hydraulic oil% 7 1244996 is controlled at the liquid level 52 at a distance higher than the damper 40, and the liquid level 52 to An air chamber 60 is formed between the air nozzles 22, and five persons can inject high-pressure gas from the position of the air nozzle 22, so that the & pressure in the air chamber 60 is greater than the normal pressure outside the front fork 100, and the air chamber 60 The internal pressure can be controlled according to the riding = 5 different weights and different pressure values. The above is the description of the components of the fork structure with the buffer system of the present invention and their related positions. Then, the description of the damping effect is as follows: ^ As shown in the fourth figure, although the hydraulic oil 50 can pass through the smaller aperture The orifice 422 flows, but because of the high-pressure gas assistance above the hydraulic oil 50 level 52 and the spring 46 has a large spring coefficient, the current fork 100 is under a small impact, The impact force is not enough to cause displacement of the piston 44, that is, the piston 44 still covers each of the side holes 413. In other words, the lower fork 10 and the upper fork tube 20 in this state are like a rigid body without generating heat. The cushioning effect of surplus, therefore, will not cause excessive offset to the pedaling force of the rider, so that the rider can easily ride the bicycle. As shown in the sixth figure, when the bicycle travels on an uneven road surface causing the front fork 100 to bear a large impact force, and the impact force is greater than the preload of the spring 46 and the force of the oil pressure and air pressure in the upper fork tube 20, The lower fork 10 and the upper fork tube 20 will move in opposite directions. At the same time, the 20 hydraulic oil 50 located below the damper will flow upward through the orifice 422, and will force the piston 44 to The lower point P2 is shifted to the upper point pi, and the piston 44 is moved over the piston 44. The opening area of each side hole 413 gradually increases. Based on this, the hydraulic oil 50 is gradually increased through the side holes 413. The amount of flow, in addition, the high-pressure gas in the air chamber 60 also has the ability to suppress the hydraulic oil 5008 1244996 during riding time step by step _ blast force to give the rider to move, 'Liquid bearing above the second device 40 & Λ lower position ^ P2, and the space below the damping 40 is not shown). 3. Reflow the orifice 422 and return to the damper + the ground knows that the "fork structure of the present invention can only be effective and counted" so that the county person is comfortable while hiding, and has a clear appearance The advantage of weight is even more worth mentioning is that the high-pressure gas filled above the solid oil 5G liquid level 52 has the effect of suppressing the possible generation of air bubbles when the core oil 50 passes through the damper 40. In addition, the present invention It is also possible to adjust the air pressure in the air chamber 'appropriately according to the weight of the county's person, so as to change the speed of suppressing the hydraulic fluid 50, so that the shock absorption and buffering effect can better meet the needs of the actual situation. 15 Then read another preferred embodiment of the front fork of the present invention shown in the seventh figure, wherein the uranium fork 200 has one of the forks 201 having the same structure as the previous embodiment, an upper fork tube 202, and a leak stopper. The component 203, a damper 204 and a hydraulic oil 205, the difference is that a cover 206 is provided on the top of the fork pipe 202 above the front fork 200, and the hydraulic oil 205 is formed between the liquid surface and the cover 206 An accommodating chamber 207 and a biasing device 208 are disposed in the accommodating chamber 207. The biasing device 208 has a floating plate 208a, a leak ring 208b, and a pusher which is a spring 208c. The floating plate 208a floats At the liquid level of the hydraulic oil 205, the leak-proof ring 208b is provided between the periphery of the floating plate 208a and the inner wall of the upper fork pipe 202. The leak-proof ring 208b has the effect of blocking the hydraulic oil 205 from flowing into the chamber 207. Spring 208c-one end abuts the inner surface of the cover 206, the other end abuts the 20 1244996 the floating plate, a, the spring 208c provides a force to make the floating plate thin & close to the liquid level of the hydraulic oil 205; The damper 200 of 2000 has a damping effect. At the same time, the spring 2G8e passes through the floating plate to suppress the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil 20 ’俾 achieves the same effect as the aforementioned front fork 100, that is, reaches 5 to gradually cancel the impact force to make the rider feel comfortable while riding. Therefore, the present invention has progress and practicality in similar products, and the present invention did not have the same article in the publication or public use. It is based on the fact that the present invention already has the elements of a creative patent, and the application is made according to law . Only "the above" is only a preferred and feasible embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent structural changes made by applying the description of the present invention and the scope of patent application should be included in the patent scope of the present invention. 1244996 [Brief description of the figure] The first figure is a sectional view of a conventional hydraulic suspension front fork. The second figure is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a cross-sectional view of the front fork structure of the present invention at the valve position. The fourth figure is a front view of the front fork structure of the present invention in a block diagram showing the piston at a lower position. View The fifth figure is an exploded perspective view of the damping chirp of the present invention. == The fourth figure 'reveals that the piston is located at the upper position. The seventh figure is a sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. 11 1244996 [Description of main component symbols] 100 Front fork 10 Lower fork 12 Closed bottom end 5 20 Fork tube 22 Air nozzle 24 End of the end 26 Internal thread section 30 Leak stop assembly 40 Damper 41 Columnar body 411 Return hole 412 Oil outlet Hole 10 412a Shrink shoulder 413 Side hole 414 Male thread section 415 Notch 42 Base plate 421 Protrusion 422 Throttle hole 423 Oil inlet L 43 Ring buckle 44 Piston 45 0 ring 46 Spring 50 Hydraulic oil 52 Liquid level 15 60 Air chamber P1 Upper position P2 Lower position 200 Front fork 201 Lower fork 202 Upper fork tube 203 Leak stop assembly 204 Damper 205 Hydraulic oil 206 Cap 20 207 Reservoir 208 Bias device 208a Floating plate 208b Leak ring 208c Spring