1243568年6为24日修(氣)正本 —*^^____ 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種資料鏈可變格式的編解碼器及其方法，應 用於無人飛行載具之無線數據通訊。 【先前技術】 無人飛行載具（UAV，Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)不同於— 般載人載具，通常是指沒有飛行員於機上操控，藉由其他方法如 搖控或自動控制飛行，而執行特定任務的飛行器。小自一般人玩 的搖控賴，大至已離開太陽系的航海家太空船都在廣義的騰範 疇内。 無人飛行載具已經由實際作戰經驗證明其重要性，其成本 低、高機動、可避免飛行人員損失的特性是目前各國政府與廠商 競相發展社®，全球市場麵也_獻。全賴v市場在 2000-2009年的十年内軍用的部份平均年成長相挪，產值總計 在384.1億美元，UAV在民用市場在同一期間的成長率達12. 7%，產 值總計在17. 5偏元，此-項產品之生命週期目前屬於成長期， 軍用械部份在未來十年由於市場成熟，魏小，總產值在332 6 億美兀。總計在2000年至2〇〇9年之十年間，包含軍用與民用，以 及械的無人載具市場有734. 2億美元，其中健用丽的技術發 展趨勢顯示能垂直起降⑽L)式的機種需求正與日俱增。可見· 市場是值得期待的。 然而，由於無人飛行載具的無線數據傳輸是屬於無線通訊傳 12參3鼎I24e!修(φ正本 輸’谷易因為電波雜訊干擾，造成位元傳輸的錯誤率過高，無法 還原正確資料，或是造成資料鏈脫鎖導致無法操控，或是傳輸的 μ料被弟二者接收到。 上述問題的癥結便在於數據通訊協定的資料框格式上，若是 要增加資料鏈路的正確性及隱密性則必須加長資料框的長度，伸 是這樣做會降低資㈣輸的資難更新率；若是、驗資料框的長 度’又會降低龍傳輸的健性。如何在兩者之間取得平衡點來 滿足系統的要求，實有刻不容緩的需求。 【發明内容】 繁於以上習知技術的問題，本發明的主要目的即為提供一種 資料鏈可變格式的編解及其方法，藉㈣料鏈的可變 符合縮小加密傳輸量及資料隱密性的需求。 疋故，本發明之資料鏈可變格式的編解碼器，主要包括有二 輸入/輸出介面，均透過串列琿連接至系統 = 分別進行編碼及_動作; 4 :侧-，係 作；-個訊號選擇切換介面，㈣進以進行調制動 訊號通道的選擇;一個輸入放大器：:蜂的瓣位轉換及 校及阻抗匹配；-轉纽大器仃謂域的準位調 及阻抗匹配。 進仃调制訊號的準位調校 而本發明資料鏈可變格式的編解碼 鍵多項式_觸奴衫 & ’毅献據資料 “、、表的存取計算，從多項式表 Ι2435Ε8~2Γ 、《入:項弋:料:為夕項式检碼產生器的參數值;然後將資料鏈 I入夕項式㈣產生驗過計算彳m個触機的密碼值 著依據密碼值與密碼對照表的存取計算，經由多4從密瑪表内 選擇-組㈣串與原始資料鏈航；最後將攪亂後㈣料及密碼 值起透過多工益的選擇形成加密資料鍵輪出。 為使對本發明的目的、構造特徵及其功能有進一步的了解， 茲配合圖示詳細說明如下： 【實施方式】 請參考「第1圖」所示，為本發明編解碼器之電路方塊圖，如 圖所示：本發明之聽鏈可摘編解端，係細於無人飛 賴具的絲數據聽，肋解对知技藝在騎無線通訊傳輸 %•’所造成電訊雜波干制問題’同時透過在發綱及接收端上 建立-套倾通訊協定，具有錯誤檢查碼、校正碼及加密方法， 從而保持資料鏈路的正確性及隱密性。 本發明之資料鏈可變格式的編解碼器，係包括有二輸入/輸出 介面（I/OPORT) m、1〇2、二微控制器1〇3、1〇4、一調變/解調 晶片105、二放大器106、107以及一訊號選擇切換介面1〇8所組成。 此二輸入/輸出介面1〇1、1〇2，均係連接至一系統主機（圖中 未示），並可分為一第一輸入/輸出介面101及一第二輸入/輸出介 面102。弟一輸入/輸出介面1〇1係透過串列埠連接至系統主機，用 以接收系統主機所輸出之資料鏈；而第二輸入/輸出介面102亦係 透過串列琿連接至系統主機，用以將外部傳送來之資料鏈訊號傳 輸至糸統主機接收。 此二微控制器103、104，均係單晶片之微控制器，並可分為 一第一微控制器103及一第二微控制器1〇4。第一微控制器1〇3係連 接至第一輸入/輸出介面1〇1，則自系統主機所輸出之資料鏈訊 唬，經第一輸入/輸出介面1〇1傳輸至第一微控制器1〇3後，即透過 第一微控制器103對資料鏈進行資料框格式編碼及資料加密的動 作後輸出；而第二微控制器104則連接至第二輸入/輸出介面， 用以接收自外部傳送來之資料鏈訊號，進行資料框格式解碼及資 料解密的動作後，再將資料鏈輸出至第二輸入/輸出介面1〇2接 收，最後再透過第二輸入/輸出介面102將資料鏈傳輸至系統主機 接收。 此調變/解調晶片105，係同時連接至第一微控制器1〇3及第二 微控制器104，用以接收自第一微控制器1〇3輸出之數位資料鏈訊 號，並將其轉換為可供無線傳輸的調制訊號後輸出；或是接收外 部之調制訊號，並將之轉換為數位資料鏈訊號後，傳輸至第二微 控制裔104進行處理。 此一放大106、107 ’均係連接至調變/解調晶片1〇5，並可 分為一輸出放大器106及一輸入放大器1〇7。輸出放大器106係用以 接收自調變/解調晶片105輸出之調制訊號，並執行準位調校及阻 抗匹配的處理後輸出。而輸入放大器1〇7則用以接收外部之調制訊 Ι24^5^έ月曰修(笔)正本 號’並執行準蝴校及阻抗匹配的處理後輸ώ至調變/解調晶片 105。 此訊號選擇切換介面108，係分別連接至第二輸入/輪出介面 102及第二微控㈣歷’用崎行串列埠的準位轉換及訊號 通道的選擇。 此外，為了確保數據資料在資料鏈傳輸的正雜，本發明在 微控制器内燒錄一段密碼存取程式段。 請參考「第2圖」所示’為本發明之密碼存取功能方塊圖，如 圖所示： 首先’依據資料鏈多項式識別石馬的設定及多項式對照表观的 存取&十异’從多項式表2〇2内取得_組資料作為多項式密碼產生器 203的參數值； 然後’將資料鏈送入多項式密碼產生器203經過計算後產生一 個偽隨機的密碼值； 接著，依據密碼值與密碼對照表204的存取計算，經由多工器 205從密碼表2〇6内選擇一組密碼串與原始資料鏈授亂；以及 最後，將授亂後的資料及密碼值一起透過多工器2〇7的選擇形The original (air) was repaired on June 24, 1243568 — * ^^ ____ IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a codec with a variable format of data chain and its method, which is applied to unmanned flight Wireless data communication of the vehicle. [Previous technology] Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is different from —unmanned aerial vehicle, which usually means that there is no pilot to control the aircraft, and to perform specific tasks by other methods such as remote control or automatic control of flight Flying machine. From the remote control that most people play, the navigator spacecrafts that have left the solar system are all in the broad scope of Teng. The importance of unmanned aerial vehicles has been proven by actual combat experience. Its low cost, high maneuverability, and avoidance of loss of pilots are the characteristics of governments and manufacturers competing with each other at the development society®, and the global market is also offering. It depends on the average annual growth of the military market in the ten years from 2000 to 2009. The total output value is 38.41 billion US dollars. The growth rate of UAV in the civilian market during the same period reached 12.7%, and the total output value was 17. 5 partial yuan, the life cycle of this product is currently in the growth stage. Due to the maturity of the market in the next ten years, Wei Xiao will have a total output value of 332.6 billion U.S. dollars. In total, in the ten years from 2000 to 2009, the unmanned vehicle market including military and civilian, as well as machinery was worth US $ 73.42 billion. Among them, the technology development trend of Jianyongli shows that it can take off and land vertically. Demand for models is increasing. It can be seen that the market is worth looking forward to. However, since the wireless data transmission of the unmanned aerial vehicle belongs to the wireless communication, 12 parameters and 3 I24e! Repair (φ original lost 'Gu Yi because of radio wave noise interference, the bit transmission error rate is too high, the correct data cannot be restored , Or the data chain is unlocked and cannot be controlled, or the transmitted μ material is received by both brothers. The crux of the above problem lies in the data frame format of the data communication protocol. If you want to increase the accuracy of the data link and The confidentiality must increase the length of the data frame. The extension will reduce the difficulty of updating the data. If it is, the length of the data frame will reduce the robustness of the dragon transmission. How to get between the two? There is an urgent need to balance the points to meet the requirements of the system. [Summary of the Problem] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a solution for the variable format of the data chain and its method. The variable material chain meets the requirements for reducing the amount of encrypted transmission and data privacy. Therefore, the codec of the variable format of the data chain of the present invention mainly includes two inputs / outputs. Surfaces are connected to the system through serial = = to perform encoding and _ action separately; 4: side-, system;-a signal selection switching interface, advance to select the modulation signal channel; an input amplifier:: bee The flap position conversion and correction and impedance matching;-the level adjustment and impedance matching of the switch element predicate domain. The level adjustment of the modulation signal is performed and the codec key polynomial of the data chain variable format of the present invention_touch Slave shirt & 'Yixian data according to data', access calculation of the table, from the polynomial table I2435E8 ~ 2Γ, "in: item: material: is the parameter value of the xi term detection code generator; then the data chain I The entry term is used to generate and calculate the password values for m touches, which are calculated based on the access of the password value and the password comparison table, and are selected from the Mimar table through the 4-group string and the original data link; finally The scrambled data and password values are formed through multiple selections to form encrypted data keys. In order to further understand the purpose, structural features and functions of the present invention, detailed descriptions are given in conjunction with the drawings as follows: [Embodiment] Please refer to "Figure 1" This is the circuit block diagram of the codec of the present invention, as shown in the figure: The listening chain of the present invention has an extractable encoding and decoding end, which is finer than the silk data of unmanned devices. 'The problems caused by the telecommunication clutter system' meanwhile, by establishing a telegram protocol on the sender and receiver, it has error check codes, correction codes and encryption methods, so as to maintain the correctness and privacy of the data link. The data chain variable format codec of the present invention includes two input / output interfaces (I / OPORT) m, 102, two microcontrollers 103, 104, and one modulation / demodulation. Chip 105, two amplifiers 106, 107, and a signal selection switching interface 1008. The two input / output interfaces 101 and 102 are all connected to a system host (not shown) and can be It is divided into a first input / output interface 101 and a second input / output interface 102. The first input / output interface 101 is connected to the system host through a serial port to receive the data chain output by the system host; and the second input / output interface 102 is also connected to the system host through a serial port. In order to transmit the data link signal from the outside to the system host to receive. The two microcontrollers 103 and 104 are both single-chip microcontrollers and can be divided into a first microcontroller 103 and a second microcontroller 104. The first microcontroller 103 is connected to the first input / output interface 101, and the data chain output from the system host is transmitted to the first microcontroller via the first input / output interface 101. After 103, the data chain format encoding and data encryption operations are performed on the data chain through the first microcontroller 103 and output; and the second microcontroller 104 is connected to the second input / output interface for receiving from The data chain signal sent from the outside, after performing the data frame format decoding and data decryption operations, then output the data chain to the second input / output interface 102 to receive, and finally the data chain through the second input / output interface 102 Transmission to the system host for reception. The modulation / demodulation chip 105 is connected to the first microcontroller 103 and the second microcontroller 104 at the same time, and is used to receive the digital data chain signal output from the first microcontroller 103. It is converted into a modulation signal for wireless transmission and then output; or it receives an external modulation signal and converts it into a digital data chain signal before transmitting it to the second micro controller 104 for processing. This amplifier 106, 107 'is connected to the modulation / demodulation chip 105, and can be divided into an output amplifier 106 and an input amplifier 107. The output amplifier 106 is used to receive the modulation signal output from the modulation / demodulation chip 105, and execute the level adjustment and impedance matching processing to output. The input amplifier 107 is used to receive the external modulation signal I24 ^ 5 ^ 月 月 修修 (笔) 原 号 号 'and perform the quasi-calibration and impedance matching processing before outputting it to the modulation / demodulation chip 105. This signal selection switching interface 108 is respectively connected to the second input / round-out interface 102 and the second micro-control calendar's level conversion and selection of signal channels of the serial port. In addition, in order to ensure that the data is transmitted in the data chain, the present invention burns a password access program segment in the microcontroller. Please refer to "Figure 2" as shown in the block diagram of the password access function of the present invention, as shown in the figure: First, 'the identification of the stone horse's setting based on the data chain polynomial and the polynomial comparison of the apparent access & _Set of data is obtained from the polynomial table 202 as the parameter value of the polynomial password generator 203; then the data chain is sent to the polynomial password generator 203 and a pseudo-random password value is generated after calculation; then, based on the password value and The access calculation of the password comparison table 204 selects a set of password strings from the password table 206 via the multiplexer 205 to scramble with the original data chain; and finally, passes the scrambled data and password values through the multiplexer together 2〇7 Selective shape
成加密資料鏈輸出。 V 紅上所述’本發明的密碼存取功能可以根據接收到的資料鏈 本舍明之⑨碼存取功能方侧計算出不_密碼值，再根據密瑪 來存取在碼表206上的某一組密碼串來擾亂待傳送的資料开)成 124^5¾6月24日修(氣)正本 加密貧料，同時，還可以結合資料通訊協定的資料框格式，使用 偵錯碼，使用交錯碼、攪亂碼、及校正碼來檢查資料框、防止及 板正因為射頻突波及多重路徑所造成的資料錯誤位元。 再者，因為密碼表2〇6的每一串密碼可以有不同的密碼長度， 只要存取密碼表的密碼值不一樣，資料框内的資料内容及資料長 度也就不一樣，如此就可以改變傳送的資料框格式，我們可以縮 紐密碼表2G6内的密碼長度，減少資料框的傳輸量進喊高資料框 的更新率，來滿足系統對於高資料框更新率的需求，我們也可以 增加密碼細6_密碼長度，提高資料框傳送龍的槪度進而 增加資料框的加密性。 也就是說，當輸人㈣的資料鏈内容或是㈣鏈的多項式識Into encrypted data chain output. The above-mentioned password access function of the present invention can calculate the non-password value based on the received data chain and the code access function side, and then access the code table 206 according to the Mimar A certain set of cipher strings to disturb the data to be transmitted.) 124 ^ 5¾ June 24th (repair) original encrypted data. At the same time, you can also use the data frame format of the data communication protocol to use error detection codes and interleaving codes. , Scramble code, and correction code to check the data frame and prevent data errors caused by radio frequency surges and multiple paths. Furthermore, because each string of passwords in the password table 206 can have different password lengths, as long as the password values of the access password table are different, the data content and data length in the data frame will also be different, so they can be changed. The format of the data frame transmitted, we can shorten the password length in the password table 2G6, reduce the transmission volume of the data frame, and call the high data frame update rate to meet the system's demand for a high data frame update rate. We can also increase the password Fine 6_ password length, increase the length of the data frame transmission dragon and further increase the encryption of the data frame. In other words, when you enter the content of the data chain or the polynomial knowledge of the chain
式、縮小加密傳輸量及資料隱密性的需求。 別碼不同，即會產生不同的偽隨機密碼值，從而使加密資料的内 容以及加密資Requirements to reduce encryption transmission volume and data privacy. Different codes will generate different pseudo-random password values, which will make the content of encrypted data and encrypted data
若第一微控制器103確認資料鏈接收有誤， 接收’則放棄接收的資料並重新自系統主機读 或是確認資料鏈未完成 餐讀取資料鏈（步驟 1243以月日修印正本丨 101)； 當第-微控制器103確認已經完成資料鏈接收後。接著，第一 微控制器103依據資料_多項式識別碼確認資料處理模式（步驟 103) ’若是第-微控制器1〇3確認不是資料處理模式，則結束資 料處理； ' 當第-微控制器103確認是資料處理模式，則執行資料加密及 資料框格式編碼（步驟1〇4);以及If the first microcontroller 103 confirms that the data chain is received incorrectly, if it receives', it discards the received data and reads it again from the system host or confirms that the data chain has not completed the reading of the data chain (step 1243, the original is revised on the month and day. ); After the first microcontroller 103 confirms that the data chain reception has been completed. Next, the first microcontroller 103 confirms the data processing mode based on the data_polynomial identification code (step 103) 'If it is confirmed by the -th micro-controller 103 that it is not the data processing mode, then the data processing is terminated;' when the -th microcontroller 103 Confirm the data processing mode, then perform data encryption and data frame format encoding (step 104); and
最後，輸出資料框（步驟1〇5)。 再請參考「第4圖」所示，為本發明第二微控制器1〇4執行資 料解碼及解密之方法流㈣，雜此枝之運作過財提及系统 運作架構的部分請參閱「第丨圖」所示，如圖所示： 首先，第二微控制器104讀取資料框（步驟2〇1); 接著’第二微控制器1〇4確認完成資料框接收（步驟咖）， 若第二微控制器104確認資料框接收有誤，或是確認資料框未完成 接收，則放棄接收的資料並重新讀取資料框（步驟2〇1);几 當第二微控制器104確認已經完成資料框接收後。接著，第二 微控制器m依據資料框的多項式識別碼確認資料處理模式（t 2〇3)，若是第二微控制器104確認不是資料處理 ’Finally, the data frame is output (step 105). Please refer to "Figure 4" again for the flow of the method of decoding and decrypting data for the second microcontroller 104 of the present invention. For the operations that are complicated by this operation, the part that refers to the system's operating structure, please refer to "Section 4."丨 ", as shown in the figure: first, the second microcontroller 104 reads the data frame (step 205); then 'the second microcontroller 104 confirms that the data frame reception is completed (step ca), If the second microcontroller 104 confirms that the data frame is received incorrectly, or that the data frame has not been received, the data received is discarded and the data frame is read again (step 201); when the second microcontroller 104 confirms After the data frame has been received. Next, the second microcontroller m confirms the data processing mode (t203) according to the polynomial identifier of the data frame. If it is the second microcontroller 104, it confirms that it is not data processing.
料處理 模式，則結束資 則執行資料框格式 當第二微控制器104確認是資料處理模式， 解碼及資料解密（步驟204);以及 11 I24|wj^ 最後’輸出資料鏈（步驟205)。 以上所述者’僅為本發明其巾的她實施躺已，並非用來 限定本發_實施翻；即凡财_申請祠顧所作的均等 變化與修飾’皆為本發明專利範圍所涵蓋。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為本發明編解碼器之電路方塊圖· 第2圖為本發明之密碼存取功能方塊圖· 圖；以及 第3圖為本㈣第—微控制11執行資料編碼及加密之方法流程 第4圖為本發明第二微控制器執行 【圖式符號說明】 101第一輸入/輸出介面 102第二輸入/輸出介面 103第一微控制器 104第二微控制器 105調變/解調晶片 資料解碼及解密之方法流程圖。 106輸出放大器 107輸入放大器 108訊號選擇切換介面 201多項式對照表 202多項式表 203多項式密碼產生器 1243:56# %24曰修邊)正本 204密碼對照表 205、207多工器 206密碼表 步驟101 第一微控制器自系統主機讀取資料鏈 步驟102 第一微控制器確認完成資料鏈接收 步驟10 3 第一微控制器依據資料鏈的多項式識別 碼確認貧料處理核式 步驟104 執行資料加密及資料框格式編碼 步驟105 輸出資料框 步驟201 第二微控制器讀取資料框 步驟202 第二微控制器確認完成資料框接收 步驟203 第二微控制器依據資料框的多項式識別 碼確認貢料處理板式 步驟204 執行貨料框格式解碼及貨料解密 步驟205 輸出資料鏈 13Data processing mode, then end the data and execute the data frame format. When the second microcontroller 104 confirms the data processing mode, decoding and data decryption (step 204); and 11 I24 | wj ^ Finally 'output data chain (step 205). The above-mentioned 'is only for the implementation of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the hair_implementation; that is, Fancai_ equal changes and modifications made by the ancestor of the ancestral temple' are all covered by the scope of the invention patent. [Schematic description] Figure 1 is a circuit block diagram of the codec of the present invention. Figure 2 is a block diagram of the password access function of the present invention. Figure 3 is the execution data of the micro controller 11. Encoding and encryption method flow Figure 4 shows the implementation of the second microcontroller of the present invention [illustrated symbols] 101 first input / output interface 102 second input / output interface 103 first microcontroller 104 second microcontroller 105 Flow chart of a method for decoding / decrypting modulation / demodulation chip data. 106 output amplifier 107 input amplifier 108 signal selection switching interface 201 polynomial comparison table 202 polynomial table 203 polynomial password generator 1243: 56 #% 24 said trimming) the original 204 password comparison table 205, 207 multiplexer 206 password table step 101 A microcontroller reads the data chain from the system host. Step 102: The first microcontroller confirms that the data chain has been received. Step 10: The first microcontroller confirms the lean processing according to the polynomial identifier of the data chain. Step 104: Performs data encryption and Data frame format encoding step 105 Output data frame step 201 Second microcontroller reads data frame step 202 Second microcontroller confirms completion of data frame reception step 203 The second microcontroller confirms tribute processing according to the polynomial identification code of the data frame The plate step 204 performs the decoding of the cargo box format and the decryption step 205 of the output data chain 13