TWI236201B - Emergent power supply system using a common battery and method of achieving input current balance in such system - Google Patents

Abstract

An emergent power supply system capable of automatically balancing the input currents of a multiplicity of backup power supply modules therein is addressed. The emergent power supply system according to the present invention includes a multiplicity of backup power supply modules, wherein each of the multiplicity of backup power supply modules includes an input current balancer capable of collecting an operation status information of the backup power supply modules, generating an average of the operation status information, generating a differential value by comparing the average of the operation status information with an operation status information associated with a backup power supply modules thereof, amplifying the differential value in accordance with a predetermined proportion, and instructing an output voltage stabilizer of a rectifier to generate a rectifying control signal according to an amplified differential value to control the on/off operations of the rectifier within the backup power supply modules.

Description

1236201 V. Description of the invention (1) The technical field to which the invention belongs The present invention relates to an emergency power supply system using a common battery, and an emergent power supply system, and more invented: About the-use a common battery and An emergency power supply system capable of balancing current into a wheel, and a current balancing method used in the system. [Previous technology] The rapid development of industry and the rapid expansion of high-tech industries, a σ uninterruptible power supply (uninterruptible pQweF ,, supply, UPS) has used a large amount of electronic equipment to maintain normal operation. situation. Nowadays, the shell supplier has become the f-optimal solution to ensure the best power supply σ-fold in the case of power failure. ^ An official uninterruptible power supply of Diankoukoubei can provide old-fashioned uninterruptible power supply for maintenance or maintenance ;;; :: Source supply = source conduction path will Circuit switch 乂 = power switch) to change 0 clock 々 丄 0 big. ^ ^ Bypass of the public power supply to maintain operation, so that negative: ΠJ = unprotected (po-cho damage. To solve this problem, the answer should be net Parallel redundant Please help & produce a load that is subject to% I 'Original Supply System' and the reliability of the overall power supply system is shown in the first figure—a conventional 1 + 1 parallel Redundant uninterruptible power supply Page 8 12362201 V. Description of the invention (2) System. The 1 + 1 parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system shown in the first figure includes a first uninterruptible power supply UPS- 1 and a second uninterruptible power supply UPS-2. The first uninterruptible power supply UPS-1 and the second uninterruptible power supply UPS-2 are configured to be configured with the same circuit, Both of them each contain a filter / circuit breaker 1 1, 2 1 and a rectifier 1 2, 2 2, a control switch 1 3, 2 3, an inverter 1 4, 2 4, an output circuit breaker 15, 25, a bypass circuit 16, 26, a battery 17, 27, and a control 18, 28. The first uninterruptible power supply UPS-1 and the second uninterruptible power supply UPS-2 are connected in series to a power input 1P for coupling to an input AC power source, and A power outlet 101 of a distributed power network for connection to a load. The operation of the individual uninterruptible power supply shown in the first figure is described below. Filter / circuit breaker 1 1, 2 1 receives an input AC power from an input AC power source through a power input terminal 100 and filters the input AC power into a filtered AC power. The rectifier 1 2 and 2 2 convert the filtered AC power into a DC power having a predetermined voltage level. The control switch 1 3, 2 3 receives DC power from the rectifier 1 2 and 2 2 and similarly receives DC power from the battery 1 7 and 2 7. The controller 1 8 and 2 8 determine the power received from the rectifier 1 2 and 2 2 Is the DC current within a predetermined wide range (ΐ ο 1 erance ). If the DC power received from the rectifiers 12 and 2 2 falls within a predetermined margin, then the controllers 18 and 28 will control the control switches 1 3 and 2 3 to provide the rectifiers 1 and 2 2 Of direct current to the inverters 1, 2 and 4. If the direct current received from the rectifiers 12 and 22 does not fall within a predetermined grace range, it may be due to a power outage or a power wave (P 〇wersurge) 's sake, the controller

1236201 V. Description of the invention (3) 1 8, 2 8 will control the control switch 1 3, 2 3 to provide DC power from the battery 1 7, 2 7 to the inverter 1 4, 2 4. The inverters 14 and 24 receive DC power under the control of the controllers 18 and 28, convert the DC power to an AC power, and sequentially adjust the AC power to a predetermined specification. The output circuit breakers 15 and 25 are used to provide electrical isolation between the load and the uninterruptible power supply module. The bypass circuits 16 and 26 are connected between the power input terminal 100 and the power output terminal 101 of the uninterruptible power supply system. In the event of an internal failure in the uninterruptible power supply module, the power supply is changed to the bypass circuit 16, 2 6 so that the input AC power is directly coupled to the load. In some examples, the rectifiers 12, 2 2 may include a battery charging circuit to provide electric power to charge the batteries 17 and 2 7 under normal circumstances, and the controllers 18 and 28 may continuously The operating status information of the electric power supply module is transmitted to a user, which can be transmitted to the user locally by an indicator or display device, or remotely by communicating with an external monitoring device. Under normal circumstances, one of the uninterruptible power supply modules is used as a main uninterruptible power supply module to provide emergency load power, and the other is used as a backup uninterruptible power supply. Device module. In an emergency situation, when the input AC power supply fails (power failure or insufficient power), the rectifiers 1 and 2 and 2 will both shut down and the inverters 1 and 2 and 4 will continue to use the battery 1 and 2 and 7 to supply power to the load. . When the input AC power from the input AC power is restored before the battery is completely discharged, the rectifiers 12 and 22 automatically start to supply power to the inverters 1, 2 and 4 and charge the batteries 17 and 27. However, in the circuit configuration of the first figure, each uninterruptible power supply module contains an independent battery. When any uninterruptible power supply

Page 10 1236201 V. Description of the invention (4) When the inverter of the module fails, the battery associated with it cannot be used by other uninterruptible power supply modules. This will cause waste in energy use and inefficiency in space applications. In order to eliminate such unfavorable factors, a uninterruptible power supply system using a common battery shared by the uninterruptible power supply module was proposed to provide the maximum benefit of the battery. Please refer to the second figure. A conventional parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system with a shared battery is shown in the figure. As shown in the second figure, the circuit configuration of the parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system is similar to the first figure, except that a shared battery 30 is installed in a first uninterruptible power supply UPS- 1 and a second uninterruptible power supply UPS-2. The introduction of the shared battery 30 can greatly reduce the battery discharge rate and extend the backup time. Furthermore, it will increase the reliability of the uninterruptible power supply system. Due to the combination of parallel redundancy and shared battery settings, the parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system of the second figure has the benefit of module redundancy, meaning that the rectifier 12 can feed power to the inverter 24. And a parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system with a shared battery can greatly increase the mean time between failure (MTBF) of the uninterruptible power supply module. However, the conventional uninterruptible power supply system suffers from some disadvantages due to the imbalance between the input currents of the internal uninterruptible power supply module. Please refer to the first figure. In the figure, the first uninterruptible power supply module and the second uninterruptible power supply module are connected to each other via a switch Q6. Under normal circumstances, the switch Q 6 is turned on so that the individual batteries will be charged separately via the rectifier / charger 12 and 22 respectively. At this time, the rectifier / charger 1 2 and 2 2 are not connected in parallel with a distributed power network, so they will not cause

Page 11 1236201 V. Description of the invention (5) The problem of unbalanced input current in the uninterruptible power supply system. In the case of switch Q 6 is closed and the rectifier / charger i 2, 2 is connected to the distributed power supply network, the batteries i 7, 2 7 start to provide the source to the inverter 1 4, 2 4 to generate Backup AC power to the load. Because the AC power supply cannot provide input AC power to the uninterruptible power supply, the crew will not cause the problem of imbalance in the uninterruptible power supply system. However, such a configuration as described above has the inefficiency of power supply, and the negative cause of expensive manufacturing costs spent on batteries. Please refer to the second figure. Under normal circumstances, the control switches 3, Μ are all on and the shared battery 30 is charged through one of the basins of the uninterruptible power supply module. Because the rotation of each uninterruptible power supply module is different and the reactance is different from each other, the input current of the uninterruptible power supply module: unbalanced. Unbalanced input current will cause serious problems to the rectifier / charger 12, for example, the rectifier / charger 12, 22 may be overloaded w and the semiconductor components used in it may be overheated for short reasons Life cycle. " As a result of the above problems, there is a development: _ a tendency to use a shared battery and to provide input between its associated backup power supply modules. Disclosure of the Invention [Abstract] The urgent purpose is to provide a kind of use-shared battery between the two groups of cores ^ ^ It is also associated with the backup power supply module for its input power balance function. A second object of the present invention is to provide a common battery

1236201 V. Description of invention (6) A method for completing input current balancing in an emergency power supply system.

The first object of the present invention is achieved by an emergency power supply system, wherein the emergency power supply system includes a power input terminal coupled to an input power source, and a plurality of backup power supply modules are coupled to the power input terminal. To generate a backup power supply, a shared battery, connected to the plurality of backup power supply modules, a power output, coupled to the plurality of backup power supply modules to provide the backup power to a load, and each of them The plurality of backup power supply modules include an input current balancer to collect an operation state information related to the plurality of backup power supply modules, and make the plurality of backup power sources according to an average value of the operation state information. The input powers related to the supply modules are equal to each other.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an input current balancing method for an emergency power supply system including a plurality of backup power supply modules. The input current balancing method proposed in this case is implemented by several steps, including: (a) collecting an operating state information of the plurality of backup power supply modules, (b) generating an average value of the operating state information, ( c) comparing the average value of the operating state information with an operating state information associated with the backup power supply module to generate a difference value, (d) magnifying the difference value according to a predetermined ratio, (e ) A rectification control signal is generated according to an amplified difference value to control the switching operation of a power conversion device inside its backup power supply module. The foregoing and other features and advantages of the present invention will be best understood from the following description and with reference to the accompanying drawings, among which:

Page 13 1236201 V. Description of the invention (7) Simple illustration of the diagram 苐 A picture · It is unfamiliar with the parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system. Second figure: shows a parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system using a common battery. FIG. 3 shows a parallel redundant emergency power supply system having an input current balancing function according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a hot-plug emergency power supply system with an input current balancing function according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fifth Figure: A possible layout of a system for implementing an input current balancing method according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a possible layout of a system for implementing an input current balancing method according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The main components of the diagram are simply explained 100: Power input terminal 101: Power output terminal 11, 21: Filter / circuit breaker 12, 22 Rectifier 13, 23: Control switch 14, 24 Inverter 15, 25: m Out circuit breakers 16, 26 Bypass circuits 17, 27: Battery 18, 28 Controller 30: Shared battery 41, 42 Communication interface 43, 4 4 ·· Input current balancer 51 ·· Average input current generator 5 2 · · Adder-• Subtractor 53: Magnifier 54: m input current 61: Average input power generator 62: Adder--Subtracter 63: Magnifier

Page 14 12362201 V. Description of the invention (8) 6 4: Input power 1 2 1: Output voltage regulator of rectifier [Embodiment] A typical embodiment embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following paragraphs Narrative. It should be understood that the present invention can have various changes in different aspects without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and diagrams therein are intended to be used for illustration, rather than for limitation. this invention. The general configuration of an emergency power supply system according to a typical embodiment of the present invention is described in FIGS. 3 and 4, where the third figure shows an emergency power supply system based on parallel redundant operation, and the fourth figure Shows the emergency power supply system based on hot swappable operation. The emergency power supply system shown in the fourth figure is called a hot swappable UPS system, and one of the internal uninterruptible power supply modules is installed. A primary power supply that functions to supply power to a sensitive load. However, other uninterruptible power supply modules function as a redundant power supply. The hot-swap uninterruptible power supply system shown in Figure 4 allows the main uninterruptible power supply module to be swapped while the uninterruptible power supply system is operating. Please refer to the third and fourth figures. The emergency power supply system according to the present exemplary embodiment of the third or fourth figure includes an internal circuit having a high similarity to the uninterruptible power supply system of the second figure. For example, the female standby power supply module in the third or fourth figure includes a power input terminal 1 Q.

Page 151236201 V. Description of the invention (9) A filter / circuit breaker 1 1, 2 1 which receives an input AC power from an input AC power source and filters the input AC power into a filtered AC power, converts the filtered AC power into a power source having a predetermined Voltage level DC rectifiers 1 2 and 2 2 receive DC power from rectifiers 1 2 and 2 2 and similarly a DC control switch 1 3 and 2 3 from a shared battery 3 0, which is determined by the rectifiers 1 2 Whether the DC power received by 2 2 is a controller 18, 2 8 within a predetermined wide range, and an inverter that receives direct current and converts DC power to AC power under the control of the controllers 18, 28. 1 4, 2 4, an output circuit breaker that provides electrical insulation between the load and the backup power supply module. 1 5, 2 5, which will be provided to the load in the event of a failure of the backup power supply module The power supply is switched from a backup power supply module to a bypass circuit 16, 2 6 for inputting AC power, and a common battery 30 for supplying DC power to the inverters 1, 2, 4. In addition, each of the backup power supply modules in the emergency power supply system of the third and fourth figures includes a communication interface 4 1, 4 2 which is coupled to the controller 18, 2 8 And transmit the operating status information of the associated standby power supply module, for example, input power and input power to other standby power supply modules, so that the standby power supply modules can exchange their operating status information with each other. . Furthermore, each of the backup power supply modules in the emergency power supply system of the third and fourth figures includes an input current balancer 43 and 44 which are coupled to the communication interfaces 41 and 42 and the rectifier 12, Between 22. The main function of the input current balancers 43, 44 is to make the input currents of the backup power supply modules equal to each other according to an average value of the operating state data collected by the communication interfaces 4 1, 4 2. As for the topological configuration and operation of the input current balancer 4 3, 4 4

Page 16 1236201 V. Description of the Invention (ίο) The principle will be explained in detail below. Referring to FIG. 5, an example of a possible layout of a system for performing an input current balancing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in the figure. In the fifth figure, the input current balancers 43, 44 include an average input current generator 51, which collects operating status data from a plurality of backup power supply modules, which means that the Input current, and calculate an average input current IAVG by summing the input currents of the plurality of backup power supply modules and dividing the total of the input currents by the number of the plurality of backup power supply modules. The calculated average input current IAVG is then compared by an adder-subtracter 5 2 coupled to the average input current generator 51 to an input current IN of its associated backup power supply module to generate an Differential input current IDIF. The differential input current is then amplified by a magnitude amplifier 5 3 connected to the adder-subtractor 5 2 according to a predetermined ratio, wherein the magnitude amplifier 5 3 is usually proportional (or proportional-integral and derivative) PID (proportional-integral and derivative). ) Controller to achieve. The amplified difference input current IAMPD IF is then fed to the output voltage regulator 1 2 1 of the rectifier 1 2, 2 2. The output voltage regulator 121 of the rectifier 1 2, 2 2 is configured It is set to generate a rectification control signal according to the amplified difference input current IAMPDIF, and use the rectification control signal to control the switching operation of the rectifiers 12 and 22. Therefore, the output DC voltages of the rectifiers 12 and 22 can be controlled so that most The input currents of the two standby power supply modules can be automatically balanced with each other. Please refer to the description of FIG. 6, according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Page 17 1236201 V. Description of Invention (11) An example of the possible layout of the system used to complete the input current balancing method is illustrated in the figure. As shown in the sixth figure, the system used to complete the wheel-in current balance is similar to the fifth figure. However, the second figure as shown in the sixth figure uses an average input power generator 61, which collects most backup power sources. The input power information of the power supply module is generated by adding the input power information of a plurality of backup power supply modules and dividing the total of the input power information by the number of the backup power supply modules. — The average input rate is PAVG. The average input power PAVG is then compared with the input power PN of an associated power supply module by an adder-subtracter 6 2 coupled to the average input power generator 61 to generate a differential input power. input power) PDIF ° The differential input power PDIF is then amplified by a magnitude amplifier 63, which is coupled to the adder-subtractor 62, according to a predetermined ratio. The magnitude amplifier 63 is usually a proportional integral derivative (PID). (proportional-integral and derivative) controller to achieve. The amplified difference input power PAMPD IF is then fed to an output voltage regulator 1 2 1 of the rectifier 12. The output voltage regulator 121 of the rectifier 12 is configured. In order to generate a rectification control signal according to the amplified difference input power PAMPD IF to control the switching operation of the rectifier 12. Therefore, the output DC voltage of the rectifier 12 will be controlled, so that the input current of most standby power supply modules Automatically achieve mutual balance. In summary, the present invention provides an emergency power supply system using a shared battery, which can A plurality of input current of the secondary power supply inside the module automatically to balance, and to provide a method to accomplish this technique. Emergency power supply input is used to balance the system proposed here

Page 181236201 V. Description of the invention (12) The current architecture is based on an input current balancer, which can collect the input current or input power of most backup power supply modules, and average the input current or input power. Value to generate average input current or average input power, by estimating the average input current or average input power and the input current or input power difference of its associated backup power supply to generate a differential input current or differential input power And making a rectifier output voltage regulator generate a rectification control signal to control the on / off operation of the rectifier. By introducing the input current balancer, the disadvantages of unbalanced input current in the conventional uninterruptible power supply system exist, and it is caused by the different input impedances between the uninterruptible power supply. It is completely eliminated, and the rectifier provided in the uninterruptible power supply can be safely protected from the problem of overloading the rectifier. Even though the present invention has been described in detail in the above embodiments and can be modified by those skilled in the art by those skilled in the art, it is not indispensable to protect the scope of the attached patent.

Page 19 1236201 Simple illustration of the diagram Simple illustration of the diagram The first picture: shows the conventional parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system. Second figure: shows a parallel redundant uninterruptible power supply system using a common battery. FIG. 3 shows a parallel redundant emergency power supply system having an input current balancing function according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a hot-plug emergency power supply system with an input current balancing function according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fifth Figure: shows a possible layout of a system for implementing an input current balancing method according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a possible layout of a system for implementing an input current balancing method according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The main components of the diagram are simply explained 1 0 0: Power input 1 0 1: Power output

11, 21 ·· Filter / circuit breaker 12, 22 Rectifier 13, 23: Control switch 14, 24 Inverter 15, 25: Output circuit breaker 16, 26 Bypass circuit 17, 27: Battery 18, 28 Control Generator 30: shared battery 41, 42 communication interface 43, 44: input current balancer 51 ·· average input current generator 52: adder-subtractor 53: value amplifier 54: input current 61: average input power generator 62 : Addition--Subtractor 63: Magnitude Amplifier

Page 1236201

Claims (1)

1236201 VI. Scope of patent application Scope of patent application 1. An emergency power supply system comprising: a power input terminal coupled to an input power source; a plurality of backup power supply modules coupled to the power input terminal, To generate a backup power supply; a shared battery connected to the plurality of backup power supply modules; and a power output terminal coupled to the plurality of backup power supply modules to provide the backup power to a load ; Wherein each of the plurality of backup power supply modules includes an input current balancer for collecting an operation state information related to the plurality of backup power supply modules, and according to an average value of the operation state information The input currents of the plurality of backup power supply modules are made equal to each other. 2. As claimed, the emergency power supply system described in item 1 of the patent scope, wherein each of the plurality of backup power supply modules includes: a controller for monitoring the power of the plurality of backup power supply modules. Operation status information; and a communication interface for transmitting operation status information of the plurality of backup power supply modules. 3. The emergency power supply system according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the input current balancer includes: an average input current generator that receives from the communication interface about the plurality of backup power supply modules Information about the input current, and by dividing the sum of the information about the input current by the plurality of backup power sources Page 22 1236201 6. The number of patent application scope supplier modules to generate an average input current; an adder-subtractor coupled to the average input current generator to compare the average input current with its input current And a difference input current is generated according to the comparison result; and a magnitude amplifier is coupled to the adder-subtractor to amplify the difference input current according to a predetermined ratio. 4. The emergency power supply system according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnitude amplifier is implemented by a proportional-integral-derivative controller. 5. The emergency power supply system described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein each of the plurality of backup current supplies includes a rectifier for converting an AC power source into a power source having a predetermined voltage level. DC voltage, and the rectifier includes an output voltage regulator for receiving an amplified difference input current from the magnitude amplifier, and correspondingly generating a rectification control signal to control the switching operation of the rectifier. 6. The emergency power supply system as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the input current balancer includes: an average input power generator that receives from the communication interface about the plurality of backup power supply modules Input power information, and an average input power is generated by dividing the sum of the information about the input power by the number of the plurality of backup power supply modules; an adder-subtractor coupled to the average input power A generator for comparing the average input power with its input power and generating a differential input power according to the comparison result; and a magnitude amplifier connected to the adder-subtractor for Page 23 1236201 6. Scope of patent application Amplify the difference input power proportionally. 7. The emergency power supply system according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein the magnitude amplifier is implemented by a proportional-integral-derivative controller. 8. The emergency power supply system according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein each of the plurality of backup current supplies includes a rectifier for converting an AC power source into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage level And, the rectifier includes an output voltage regulator for receiving an amplified difference input power from the magnitude amplifier, and correspondingly generating a rectification control signal to control the switching operation of the rectifier. 9 · The emergency power supply system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plurality of standby power supply module systems are configured to operate in accordance with a parallel redundant configuration or a thermal allocation configuration. 1 0 · —A method for balancing the input currents of a plurality of backup power supply modules in an emergency power supply system, including: collecting an operating state information of the plurality of backup power supply modules to each backup power supply A power supply module; generating an average value of the sum of the operating status information; generating a difference by comparing an average value of the sum of the operating status information with an operating status information of its associated standby power supply module Amplify the difference value according to a predetermined ratio; and generate a rectification control signal according to the amplified difference value to control a switching operation of a power conversion device in a related standby power supply module. Page 24, 1236201 6. Patent application scope 11. The method for balancing input current as described in item 10 of the patent application scope, wherein the operation status information includes the input current or input power of the plurality of backup power supply modules Information. 1 2. The method of balancing input currents as described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of generating a difference value is implemented by an adder-subtractor. 1 3. The method for balancing input currents as described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of amplifying the difference value according to a predetermined ratio is implemented by a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller. 14. The method for balancing input currents as described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the power conversion device is composed of a rectifier. 1 5. The method of balancing input currents as described in item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plurality of backup power supply modules are configured to operate according to a parallel redundant configuration or a hot backup configuration. 16. The method of balancing input currents according to item 10 of the patent application, wherein a common battery is connected to a plurality of backup power supply modules in the emergency power supply system. Page 25