1233921 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（I ) 本發明係有關於一種建築材料，其是適用於建築像道 路、橋棟、隧道和建築物。本發明也有關於用來生產這材 料的方法及其應用。 本發明的背t 用作建造橋樑、道路、隧道、建築物，海洋建造工程 的建築材料和製備含有混凝土成份材料的方法是已知的技 術，例如美國專利5932〇00的揭示，其中揭示一種製備由 水凝固劑、粒料、水和膠狀矽石混合物製備混凝土的方法 〇 美國專利5149370發表一種水泥漿，其包含一種水性 膠狀矽酸的懸浮物，適合用於石油井工程的用途。 在此技術領域內，都希望能提供新的合成物適合作建 築材料而且生產出來的材料強度比以前的更好，同時也希 望能提供的建築材料含有較少的添加物，這樣可以降低生 產的價格。不僅如此，更要製備例如在整個凝結混凝土合 成物的期間內可保有高度使用性的混凝土混合物。 本發明的目的在解決前面所述的問題。 本發明 本發明是有關於一種建築材料，包含水凝固劑、水和 一種鋁調整的膠狀矽石。 現已很驚訝的發現一種建築材料，包含的組成不但會 增加早期的強度也會增加長期的強度。不僅如此，也被發 現追種含有銘調整膠狀砂石的建築材料保持有很尚及隱定 的使用性。 3 --------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1233921 A7 B7 五、發明說明（y) “建築材料”是指一種材料，特別是尙未凝固，適合 建造例如道路、隧道、橋樑、建築物、混凝土管、油井的 水泥工程、地下道的建造和其薄水泥漿塡塞和海洋建造， 像碼頭、防波堤扣突堤。 “鋁調整膠狀矽石”是指任何形式的鋁調整膠狀矽石 ，這膠狀矽石可以是例如溶解的矽石、析出的矽石、矽凝 臘物、氣狀矽石、矽石氣體或這些混合物。雖然鋁調整溶 膠矽石是較好的形式，且是之後唯一被詳細討論的型式， 其他的形式可以取代或和鋁調整溶解矽石混合當作建築材 料的添加物。 鋁調整溶解矽石有時候也被視爲鋁化合物或氧化鋁調 整溶解矽石，可以用一些鋁化合物離子，A1(0H)4，加到一 種傳統非調整的溶質矽石中一起攪拌製得，鋁化合物離子 溶液是一種適合的稀釋鋁酸鈉或鉀溶液，矽石粒子適合的 具有從大約0.05到大約2，較好從大約0.1到大約2鋁原 子/奈米平方矽石粒子表面面積。鋁調整矽石粒子包含插 入或交替的鋁酸鹽離子，產生鋁矽酸鹽位置，具有固定的 負表面電荷，鋁調整矽石粒子保有其高負表面電荷低至pH 値爲3，和傳統非調整矽石大不相同，如此當pH値減少時 ，負的表面電荷也減少，正常地會降到pH値大約2，這是 非調整溶解矽石的零電荷點。因此，在pH値低於大約8 時，非調整矽石粒子的表面電荷會比鋁調整溶質矽石的表 面電荷低。鋁調整矽石的pH値可以調整，較好用離子交 換樹脂的方法，適合的pH値範圍從大約3到大約11，較 4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐） ----------------------訂---------線 j (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1233921 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（4) 好從大約4到大約10，之後鋁調整矽石可以被濃縮出產矽 石的含量重量百分比從大約1至約60wt°/。，較佳地從約5到 大約50wt%。鋁調整矽石粒適合地有氧化鋁的重量百分比 從大約0.05到大約3，較好情形從大約ο」到大約2，而 最好的從大約0.1到大約lwt%，鋁調整矽石粒子直徑適合 地從大約2到大約200奈米，較好從大約3到大約100奈 米。製備鋁調整矽石的程序已被敘述在例如“ The Chemistry of Silica” ，作者 Iier，Κ· Ralph，從 407 到 409 頁，John Wiley&Sons (1979)和在美國專利 5368833。 在本文中，鋁調整膠狀矽石也包含膠質矽石的反應物 ，其是膠質矽石和形成的建築材料的水凝固劑或其它存在 於建築材料中的成份或混合物，例如鈣矽酸鹽水合物的化 學反應產物。 鋁調整矽石粒子適合地被溶解在水中或其它溶劑中， 如有機溶劑例如酒精或水和有機溶劑的混合物，鋁調整矽 石粒也適合用陽離子來穩定，如鉀離子、鈉離子、鋰離子 、NH4+或其混合物。 鋁調整溶質矽的比表面積適宜的範圍從大約1〇到大約 1200平方公尺/公克，較好的從大約30到大約1〇〇〇平方 公尺/公克，而最好的從大約60到大約900平方公尺/公 克。 組成建築材料成份的混合物也許對水/水凝固劑的比 例是敏感的。如果有太多水存在，這也許會造成組成物不 穩定而導致流不止或偏析的結果。如果加入鋁調整溶質矽 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂------- —線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1233921 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（4 ) 石’這樣就有可能避免這些現象的產生而且同時可以得到 一種材料擁有早期和長期的強度（比起組成物中含有非調 整溶質矽石）。 鋁調整膠矽粒和塗蓋氧化鋁的矽石粒子不一樣，不同 之處在於這種矽石粒子的表面塗蓋一層氧化鋁膜，造成的 粒子和氧化鋁粒子表現有同樣的性質。不論氧化鋁粒子和 塗蓋氧化鋁矽石粒都具有正的表面電荷。 水凝固劑可是例如一種水泥如詳細敘述在例如美國專 利 6008275 的 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)或已拌好的 水泥。 組成建築材料的成份，亦即水凝固劑，鋁調整膠矽石 和水’有一適當如下所示的重量比：水凝固劑（乾重）·· 鋁調整膠矽石（乾重）從大約1 : 0.0005到約1 : 〇·2，較 好從大約1 : 0.001到大約1 : 〇·1，水凝固劑（乾重）和水 的重量百分比適當的從大約1 : 0.22到大約1 : 4，較好的 是從1 : 0.25到大約1 : 2.5。 根據一個比較佳的實施例，粒料可以被包含在建築材 料中’ “粒料”的意思就是如石頭、碎石和砂，和其它較 隹的無機材料，適當地有平均粒徑範圍從大約0.01到大約 100毫米，較好的從大約0.125到大約100毫米，粒料包含 在建築材料中的重量百分比從大約100到大約1000wt%， 以水凝固劑的重量爲基準，粒料不但對建築材料的強度有 貢獻’而且可以減低建築材料生產的成本。 較佳地，一種細粒塡料可被包含在建築材料中，適當 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐） ---------------------訂---------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1233921 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（<) 的重量百分比範圍從大約0·1到大約40wt°/。，以粒料的重 量爲基準，添加細粒塡料可以使密度增加並且得到更穩定 的組成物。 “細粒塡料”的意思是粒子具有最大直徑125微米， 適合的細粒塡料包括石灰石、砂、玻璃、塵灰和其它無機 材料如鈣鎂矽酸鹽。要使用那一種型式的細粒塡料是隨它 的應用而定。在瑞典self compacting concrete (SCC)，石灰 石經常被使用。然而在德國SCC和美國住宅用混凝土、塵 灰比較常用。不過在瑞典high strength concrete (HSC)通常 包含砂當細粒塡料等等。 較好的情況下，細粒塡料和粒料的重量百分比從大約 0.001 : 1至[J大約0.4 : ：1，更好的從大約0.015 : 1到0.3 ·· 1 〇 根據一較佳的實施例，建築材料含有增塑劑和/或高 增塑劑，如磺化萘甲醛的凝結物，磺化密胺甲醛凝結物， 聚羧酸酯或其混合物，較佳的是聚羧酸酯和/或磺化萘甲 醛凝結物。磺化萘甲醛凝結物是特別適合用在建築材料於 油井水泥工程的應用，因爲這些高增塑劑在油井高溫並不 焉這樣敏感。 “聚羧酸酯”在此是表示含有一群聚合物化合物，包 含一種主要爲羧酸基連結的主幹。此聚羧酸酯的分子量範 圍大約從1000到大約2000000公克/莫耳，較佳的從大約 2000到大約1000000公克/莫耳。主幹也能包括其他連接 基，如聚丙烯或聚醚鏈。主幹的分子量從大約1000到大約 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ---------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1233921 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（y) 100000公克/莫耳，較佳的從大約5000到大約20000公 克/莫耳’適當的聚羧酸酯已經描述在例如美國專利 6008275 號 其它添加劑也可包括在建築材料內，如緩凝劑、輸入 空氣的作用劑、催凝劑、乳膠、防水劑、減少收縮作用劑 、腐鈾阻止劑等等，這些添加物的適當劑量，重量百分比 的範圍從大約〇·1到大約l〇wt°/。（乾重），以水凝固劑的 重量爲基準。 本發明也是關於一種建築材料，含有水凝固劑、鋁調 整溶質矽石和水的反應物。 本發明進一步關於一種方法，去製備一種包含水凝固 劑、水、和鋁調整膠矽石，較佳的是一種鋁調整溶質矽石 之建築材料。 這些成份可以任何順序來添加，比較好的是鋁調整膠 矽石被添加在其他成份已混合完之後。不同成份間的混合 重量百分比已被敘述在此以前。 本發明進一步有關用這些上述的建築材料在建造如道 路、隧道、橋樑，建築物如住宅商業混凝土建造、混凝土 管、油井水泥工程、地下道水泥工程包括薄泥塡塞，採礦 工程用途和海洋建造。 如在此已被敘述的發明，很顯然地，此相同的發明也 可以許多方式改變’這樣的改變，不被視爲偏離本發明的 重點範圍，所有的這些修正明顯對一個在技術有經驗的人 是熟知的，可以包括在申請專利範圍內，下列的例子將進 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ----丨-丨丨丨丨！丨-------丨訂· ------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1233921 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（Ί ) 一步說明如何進行本發明，而不是限制本發明的範圍。 以下用於範例ί-3的溶質矽石詳列如下，所有矽石 (Si02)和氧化鋁(Al2〇3)的重量百分比是以所有的溶質矽石 產物的重量爲基準。 矽石膠質1 :鋁調整矽石膠質，比表面積有850平方 公尺/公克，矽石(Si〇2)含量的重量百分比爲7.7，氧化鋁 (Al2〇3)含量 〇.33wt%。 矽石膠質2 :沒調整矽石膠質，比表面積爲900平方 公尺/公克，矽石(Si02)重量百分比爲：10wt%。 矽石膠質3 :沒調整矽石膠質，比表面積爲750平方 公尺/公克，矽石(Si02)重量百分比含量爲15wt%。 矽石膠質4 :鋁調整矽石膠質，比表面積爲80平方公 尺/公克，重量百分比砂石(Si02)含量47，氧化鋁(Al2〇3) 含量 0.25wt%。 矽石膠質5 :沒調整的矽石膠，比表面積80平方公尺 /公克，重量百分比矽石(Si02)含量爲30wt%。 矽石膠質6 :鋁調整矽石膠，比表面積是220平方公 尺/公克，重量百分比砂石(Si02)含有30，氧化鋁(Al2〇3) 食有 0.2wt%。 矽石膠質7 :沒調整矽石膠，比表面積是220平方公 尺/公克，重量百分比砂石(Si02)含有30wt°/〇。 矽石膠的比表面積以希爾斯(sea〇的方法來測定，敘述 在“The Chemistry of Silica)，著者 Iier，Ralph K· (1979)， 第 203-206 及 353-354 頁。 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ----1----------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1233921 A7 _B7___ 五、發明說明（f ) 範例1 在製備以下樣品1 -6時，一種鋁調整或沒調整矽石膠 質和高增塑劑(Gknium 51)被加(其量列在表1)到一種第二 級的水泥(Bygg Cement-Sk6vde CEM II/A-A-L42.R)中。200 公斤的水，120公斤細粒塡料（石灰石），粒料和高增塑 劑(Glenium 51)被加在一起（比較表1)。粒料加上後整個 重量包括水泥、石灰石和粒料將達到2140公斤/立方米。 製備所得的樣品之使用性可以用_量起初的分散度來 評估。最初分散度的測量是用一剛混合的混凝土組成物在 一個有一定的圓錐直徑的圓錐體中，接著上下顛倒此圓錐 體，因此這些物質在移出圓錐體後將開始向外流出（根據 Standard Test Method ASTM C143 )，高的分散度表示高的 使用性，這樣可以確保混凝土物質可以容易流出到一個凝 固的地方，高使用性也可以確保混凝土物質可以保存一段 期間而不會失去剛製備時的流動性。 ---------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員Η消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 1233921 A7 B7 五、發明說明（1 ) 表1 樣品 號碼 每立方米混凝土的成份 高效能減水劑(Glenium) 每立方公尺的混凝土 下降的寬度 (厘米） 強度Mpa 1天 28天 1 270公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5.4公斤矽石膠1 (隹呂調整砂石膠） 4.3公斤 660 11.7 39.8 2 270公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5.4公斤矽石膠2 4.1公斤 670 9.6 36.1 3 270公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5.4公斤矽石膠4 (錦調整砂石膠） 4.1公斤 ^ 700 8.2 4 270公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5·4公斤矽石膠5 4.1公斤 680 7.6 5 270公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 4.8公斤矽石膠3 3.4公斤 660 7.1 28.1 6 240公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 4.8公斤矽石膠1 (鋁調整矽石膠） 3.6公斤 670 8.0 30.3 I— -----------------1-------^ Aw. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 回到表1，我們可以做結論就是含有鋁調整矽石膠的 樣品1比沒有調整的矽石膠樣品2有較高的早期強度（經 過24小時）和長期強度（經過28天），雖然樣品1的矽 石含量稍微比樣品2少，同樣地含有鋁調整矽石膠的樣品 3比沒有調整的矽石膠樣品4有明顯較高的早期強度（這 兩種樣品事實上含有同量的矽石），含有鋁調整矽石膠的 樣品6比樣品5有較高的早期強度和長期強度，雖然樣品 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 1233921 一 —_______B7 _ 五、發明說明（f C ) 5的矽石含量比樣品6還低。 範例2 在製備以下樣品1-6時，一種鋁調整或一種沒調整的 砂石膠被加到第2級水泥(Bygg Cement-Sk6vde CEM II/A-L42.R)。200公斤水，120公斤細粒塡物（石灰石），粒料 和一種高增塑劑(Glenium 51)被加在一起（比較表2)，粒 料加上後使水泥、石灰石和粒料的總重量達2140公斤/立 方米，高增塑劑和矽石膠加上去的量列在表2，混凝土的 使用性用起始的分散度來測量（比照範例1)、分散度在 90分後測量（下降分散度）、使用性的損失也就是剛開始 的分散度和經過90分鐘後分散度的差別也要被算出，當下 降的分散度愈高，也就是經過90分鐘量測出來的分散度， 使用性的損失會愈小。 ---------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 1233921 A7 五、發明說明（u) 表2 樣品 號碼 成份 高效能減水劑 (Glenium 51)每立 方公尺的混凝土 F降寬度(厘米） 剛開始 經過90分 使用性的損失 (厘米） 240公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 4.8公斤矽石膠1 (鋁調整矽石） 240公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 4.8公斤矽石膠2 270公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5.4公斤矽石膠7 3.6公斤 3·6公斤 4.1公斤 720 750 670 580 520 440 140 230 230 4 240公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5.4公斤矽石膠6 (鋁調整矽石） 270公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5.4公斤矽石膠4 (銘調整砂石)_ 4.1公斤 4·1公斤 690 710 550 640 140 70 6 27〇公斤水泥 120公斤細粒塡物 5.4公斤矽石膠5 4.1公斤 720 610 110 ----1---------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在表2，含有鋁調整矽石膠的樣品1和樣品2比較顯 示有較少的使用性損失，（樣品1有較低的矽石含量）。 進一步顯示，含有鋁調整矽石膠的樣品4比樣品3有比較 低的使用性損失（樣品3和樣品4有相同的矽石含量）。 同樣的情形，含有鋁調整矽石膠的樣品5比樣品6有較少 的使用性損失，雖然樣品5的矽石含量是稍微低一點，總 而言之，從結果顯示的結論就是含有鋁調整矽石膠和沒有 13 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 1233921 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（ 調整矽石膠比起來，使用性損失大約是百分之60。 範例3 爲了要評估含有鋁調整矽石膠或沒有調整矽石膠水泥 的流動性，用第一級水泥來製備4種泥漿 (Anlaggningscement Degerhanm CEM 1 42, 5 BV/SR/LA) 5 泥漿中的水/水泥重量比是〇·35，矽石膠的重量百分比爲 2，而高增塑劑爲lwt% (—種百分之30重量比例的磺化萘 甲醛的凝結物溶液），基於水泥重量；全部加入泥漿中。 緩和的攪拌混合泥漿，屈服力和塑滯性（一種測量泥 槳的流體力學）可以用ConTec Viscometer Model 4 (BML Viscometer)來測試，經歷時間分別是15，30，60，90分鐘 之後，屈服力是一種量測需要去使水泥漿移動的力量。 表3 樣品 號碼 矽石膠用於水泥漿 屈服力 Pascal (Pa) 15分 30分 60分 90分 1 矽石膠1(鋁調整矽石） 35.0 60.6 93.1 118.0 2 矽石膠2 45.0 69.2 99.0 121.0 3 矽石膠4(鋁調整矽石） 31.4 48.0 74.3 95.9 4 矽石膠5 37.4 54.6 80.4 99.9 比較表3的樣品，含有鋁調整矽石膠樣品1和3的屈 服力比樣品2和4少一點。這泥漿一定有最小的屈服力來 獲得事實上爲零的純水（不會流出不止）。 表4 14 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -----1---------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A71233921 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (I) The present invention relates to a building material, which is suitable for building roads, bridges, tunnels and buildings. The invention also relates to a method for producing the material and its application. The back of the present invention is a known technique used as a building material for constructing bridges, roads, tunnels, buildings, and marine construction projects, and a method for preparing a material containing concrete components, such as the disclosure of U.S. Patent No. 5,932,000, which discloses a preparation Method for preparing concrete from a mixture of water coagulant, granules, water and colloidal silica. US Patent No. 5,149,370 discloses a cement slurry containing a suspension of an aqueous colloidal silicic acid, suitable for use in petroleum well engineering. In this technical field, it is desirable to provide new composites suitable for building materials and the strength of the materials produced is better than before. At the same time, it is also desirable to provide building materials that contain fewer additives, which can reduce the production of price. Furthermore, it is necessary to prepare a concrete mixture that can maintain a high degree of serviceability, for example, during the entire period of setting the concrete composition. The object of the present invention is to solve the aforementioned problems. The present invention The present invention relates to a building material comprising a water coagulant, water and a colloidal silica adjusted by aluminum. It has now been surprisingly discovered that a building material contains a composition that increases not only early strength but also long-term strength. Not only that, but it has also been found that the construction materials containing inscribed gelatinized gravel have remained very usable. 3 -------------------- Order --------- Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1233921 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (y) "Building material" refers to a material, especially 尙 is not solidified, suitable for Construction of roads, tunnels, bridges, buildings, concrete pipes, cement works for oil wells, construction of underground passages and their thin cement slurry plugs and marine constructions, like pier, breakwater breakwater. "Aluminum-adjustable colloidal silica" means any form of aluminum-adjustable colloidal silica. This colloidal silica can be, for example, dissolved silica, precipitated silica, silicon wax, gaseous silica, silica Gas or these mixtures. Although aluminum-modified silica is the better form and is the only type discussed in detail later, other forms can replace or mix with aluminum-modified silica as building material additives. Aluminum adjusted dissolved silica is sometimes also regarded as aluminum compound or alumina adjusted dissolved silica. It can be prepared by adding some aluminum compound ions, A1 (0H) 4, to a traditional non-adjusted solute silica. The aluminum compound ion solution is a suitable dilute sodium or potassium aluminate solution. The silica particles suitably have a surface area of from about 0.05 to about 2 and preferably from about 0.1 to about 2 aluminum atoms per nanometer square silica particles. Aluminum-adjusted silica particles contain intercalated or alternating aluminate ions to generate aluminosilicate positions with a fixed negative surface charge. Aluminum-adjusted silica particles retain their high negative surface charge as low as pH 値 3, and traditional non- Adjusted silica is very different, so when the pH is reduced, the negative surface charge is also reduced, and it will normally drop to about pH 2, which is the zero charge point of non-adjusted dissolved silica. Therefore, when the pH is lower than about 8, the surface charge of the non-adjusted silica particles will be lower than that of the aluminum-adjusted solute silica. The pH of silica adjusted by aluminum can be adjusted. It is better to use an ion exchange resin. The suitable pH range is from about 3 to about 11, which is more than 4 paper sizes. It is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (21〇X 297) Mm) ---------------------- Order --------- line j (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) 1233921 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Good from about 4 to about 10, after that, the aluminum-adjusted silica can be concentrated to produce silica with a weight percentage from about 1 to about 60wt ° /. , Preferably from about 5 to about 50% by weight. The aluminum-adjusted silica particles suitably have a weight percentage of alumina from about 0.05 to about 3, preferably from about ο "to about 2, and most preferably from about 0.1 to about 1 wt%. The ground is from about 2 to about 200 nm, preferably from about 3 to about 100 nm. Procedures for the preparation of aluminum-adjusted silica have been described, for example, in "The Chemistry of Silica" by author Iier, K. Ralph, pages 407 to 409, John Wiley & Sons (1979), and in U.S. Patent 5,368,833. In this context, aluminum-modified colloidal silica also contains colloidal silica reactants, which are colloidal silica and the water coagulant of the building material formed or other ingredients or mixtures present in the building material, such as calcium silicate hydrate Products of chemical reactions. Aluminum-adjusted silica particles are suitably dissolved in water or other solvents, such as organic solvents such as alcohol or a mixture of water and organic solvents. Aluminum-adjusted silica particles are also suitable for stabilization with cations, such as potassium, sodium, and lithium ions. , NH4 + or a mixture thereof. The specific surface area of the aluminum-adjusted solute silicon suitably ranges from about 10 to about 1200 square meters / g, preferably from about 30 to about 10,000 square meters / g, and most preferably from about 60 to about 900 square meters / g. The mixture of building material ingredients may be sensitive to the water / water coagulant ratio. If too much water is present, this may cause the composition to be unstable and result in more fluid flow or segregation. If aluminum is added to adjust the solute silicon 5 The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --- ---- —line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 1233921 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Stone This way it is possible to avoid these phenomena And at the same time you can get a material with early and long-term strength (compared to the composition containing unadjusted solute silica). The aluminum colloidal silica particles are different from the alumina-coated silica particles. The difference is that the surface of this silica particle is coated with an alumina film. The resulting particles have the same properties as the alumina particles. Both alumina particles and coated alumina silica particles have a positive surface charge. The water setting agent can be, for example, a cement such as Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) described in detail in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6008275 or mixed cement. The ingredients that make up the building material, that is, the water setting agent, the aluminum adjustment colloidal silica and water 'have an appropriate weight ratio as follows: water setting agent (dry weight) ·· aluminum adjustment colloidal silica (dry weight) from about 1: 0.0005 to about 1: 〇 · 2, preferably from about 1: 0.001 to about 1: 〇 · 1, and the weight percentage of the water coagulant (dry weight) and water is suitably from about 1: 0.22 to about 1: 4, more than Good is from 1: 0.25 to about 1: 2.5. According to a preferred embodiment, pellets can be included in building materials. "" Pellet "means, for example, stones, crushed stones and sand, and other relatively inorganic materials, suitably having an average particle size ranging from about 0.01 to about 100 millimeters, preferably from about 0.125 to about 100 millimeters. The weight percentage of the pellets contained in the building material is from about 100 to about 1000 wt%. Based on the weight of the water coagulant, the pellets are not only used for building materials. The strength contributes' and can reduce the cost of building materials production. Preferably, a kind of fine-grained concrete can be included in the construction material. Appropriate 6 paper sizes are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (21 × X 297 mm) ----------- ---------- Order --------- Line · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 1233921 A7 B7 Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The weight percent of the invention (<) ranges from about 0.1 to about 40 wt ° /. Based on the weight of the pellets, the addition of fine aggregates can increase the density and obtain a more stable composition. By "fine-grained aggregate" is meant particles having a maximum diameter of 125 microns. Suitable fine-grained aggregates include limestone, sand, glass, dust, and other inorganic materials such as calcium magnesium silicate. The type of fine-grained concrete to be used depends on its application. In Sweden self compacting concrete (SCC), limestone is often used. However, SCC in Germany and American residential concrete and dust are more commonly used. However, in Sweden high strength concrete (HSC) usually contains sand as fine grain concrete and so on. In a preferred case, the weight percentage of the fine aggregate and the pellets is from about 0.001: 1 to [J about 0.4:: 1, and more preferably from about 0.015: 1 to 0.3 · · 10. According to a preferred implementation, For example, the building material contains a plasticizer and / or a high plasticizer, such as a sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate, a sulfonated melamine formaldehyde condensate, a polycarboxylic acid ester or a mixture thereof, preferably a polycarboxylic acid ester and / Or sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate. Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate is particularly suitable for use in construction materials and oil well cement engineering applications, because these high plasticizers are not as sensitive to high temperatures in oil wells. By "polycarboxylate" is meant herein a group of polymer compounds containing a backbone that is predominantly carboxylic acid-linked. The molecular weight of this polycarboxylic acid ester ranges from about 1,000 to about 2,000,000 g / mole, preferably from about 2000 to about 1,000,000 g / mole. The backbone can also include other linking groups, such as polypropylene or polyether chains. The molecular weight of the main stem is from about 1000 to about 7. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) --------------------- Order --------- Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 1233921 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (y) 100000 g / mol, A preferred polycarboxylic acid ester from about 5,000 to about 20,000 g / mole has been described in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,087,275. Other additives may also be included in building materials such as retarders, air-entry agents, coagulants. Agents, latexes, waterproofing agents, shrinkage reducing agents, uranium rot inhibitors, and the like, suitable dosages of these additives range from about 0.1 to about 10 wt. (Dry weight), based on the weight of the water coagulant. The present invention also relates to a building material containing a water coagulant, an aluminum-modified solute silica, and a reactant of water. The invention further relates to a method for preparing a building material comprising a water coagulant, water, and an aluminum adjusting colloidal silica, preferably an aluminum adjusting solute silica. These ingredients can be added in any order. It is better to add aluminum adjustment silica after the other ingredients have been mixed. The mixing of different ingredients by weight percentage has been described previously. The invention further relates to the use of these construction materials in the construction of roads, tunnels, bridges, buildings such as residential and commercial concrete construction, concrete pipes, oil well cement works, underpass cement works including thin mud plugs, mining engineering applications and marine construction. As the invention has been described here, it is clear that the same invention can also be modified in many ways. Such changes are not to be regarded as deviating from the scope of the present invention. All these modifications are obvious to a person who is experienced in technology. People are well-known and can be included in the scope of patent application. The following examples will be included in this paper. The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ---- 丨-丨 丨 丨 丨!丨 ------- 丨 Order · ------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 1233921 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ) A step-by-step description of how to carry out the invention without limiting the scope of the invention. The following details of the solute silica used in Example 3 are listed below. The weight percentages of all silica (Si02) and alumina (Al203) are based on the weight of all solute silica products. Silica colloid 1: Aluminium-adjusted silica colloid has a specific surface area of 850 m 2 / g. The weight percentage of silica (SiO2) content is 7.7, and the content of alumina (Al203) is 0.33 wt%. Silica colloid 2: Silica colloid is not adjusted, the specific surface area is 900 square meters / g, and the weight percentage of silica (Si02) is: 10 wt%. Silica colloid 3: Silica colloid is not adjusted, the specific surface area is 750 m 2 / g, and the weight percentage content of silica (Si02) is 15 wt%. Silica colloid 4: Aluminum-adjusted silica colloid, with a specific surface area of 80 m 2 / g, a sand content (SiO 2) content of 47%, and an alumina (Al203) content of 0.25 wt%. Silica colloid 5: Silica gel without adjustment, with a specific surface area of 80 square meters per gram, and a silica content (SiO2) content of 30% by weight. Silica colloid 6: Aluminum-adjusted silica gel, with a specific surface area of 220 square meters per gram, with a weight percentage of sandstone (Si02) containing 30, and alumina (Al203) containing 0.2wt%. Silica colloid 7: Silica gel is not adjusted, and the specific surface area is 220 m 2 / g, and the weight percentage of sand (Si02) contains 30 wt ° / 〇. The specific surface area of silica gel is measured by the method of sea. It is described in "The Chemistry of Silica", author Iier, Ralph K. (1979), pages 203-206 and 353-354. 9 papers Standards are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) ---------------------- Order --------- line ( (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 1233921 A7 _B7___ V. Description of the Invention (f) Example 1 When preparing the following samples 1 to 6, an aluminum with or without silica colloid and high plasticizer (Gknium 51 ) Is added (the amounts are listed in Table 1) to a second-grade cement (Bygg Cement-Sk6vde CEM II / AA-L42.R). 200 kg of water, 120 kg of fine grain concrete (limestone), granules Material and high plasticizer (Glenium 51) are added together (Comparative Table 1). After adding the aggregate, the total weight including cement, limestone and pellets will reach 2140 kg / m3. The usability of the prepared sample can be Use the initial dispersion to measure. The initial dispersion is measured using a freshly mixed concrete composition in a cone with a certain cone diameter, and then up and down. Turn the cone upside down, so these substances will begin to flow outward after removing the cone (according to the Standard Test Method ASTM C143). A high degree of dispersion indicates high usability, which ensures that the concrete substance can easily flow out to a solidified place. The high usability can also ensure that the concrete material can be stored for a period of time without losing the fluidity when it is just prepared. ----- Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by a member of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and a Consumer Cooperative, this paper is sized for the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 1233921 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) Table 1 Sample No. Composition of high-performance water reducing agent (Glenium) per cubic meter of concrete Decrease width (cm) of concrete per cubic meter Strength Mpa 1 day 28 days 1 270 kg cement 120 kg fine Grain aggregate 5.4 kg Silica gel 1 (Garro adjustment sandstone glue) 4.3 kg 660 11.7 39.8 2 270 kg cement 120 kg fine aggregate 5.4 kg silica gel 2 4.1 kg 670 9.6 36.1 3 270 kg cement 120 kg fine Granules 5.4 kg of silica gel 4 (Nylon adjusted sandstone glue) 4.1 kg ^ 700 8.2 4 270 kg of cement 120 kg of fine grain concrete 5.4 kg of silica gel 5 4.1 kg 680 7.6 5 270 kg of cement 120 kg of fine grain concrete 4.8 kg of silica gel 3 3.4 kg of 660 7.1 28.1 6 240 kg of cement 120 kg of fine-grained concrete 4.8 kg of silica gel 1 (aluminum adjusted silica gel) 3.6 kg 670 8.0 30.3 I— --------- -------- 1 ------- ^ Aw. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Return to Form 1, we can do The conclusion is that sample 1 containing aluminum-modified silica gel has higher early strength (after 24 hours) and long-term strength (after 28 days) than silica gel sample 2 without adjustment, although the silica content of sample 1 is slightly higher than that of the sample 2 less, the same sample containing aluminum-adjusted silica gel 3 has significantly higher early strength than the unadjusted silica gel sample 4 (the two samples actually contain the same amount of silica), and contains aluminum-adjusted silica gel Glue sample 6 has higher early strength and long-term strength than sample 5, although the sample paper size is applicable China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) A7 1233921 A — _______B7 _ V. Description of the invention (f C) 5 The silica content is lower than that of sample 6. Example 2 In the preparation of the following samples 1-6, an aluminum-adjusted or an unadjusted gravel was added to a second-grade cement (Bygg Cement-Sk6vde CEM II / A-L42.R). 200 kg of water, 120 kg of fine-grained concrete (limestone), granules and a high plasticizer (Glenium 51) are added together (comparative table 2), and the aggregate is added to make the total of cement, limestone and granules The weight reaches 2140 kg / m3. The amount of high plasticizer and silica gel added is shown in Table 2. The usability of concrete is measured by the initial dispersion (cf. Example 1). The dispersion is measured after 90 minutes. (Decreased dispersion), the loss of usability, that is, the difference between the initial dispersion and the dispersion after 90 minutes has to be calculated. When the decreased dispersion is higher, that is, the dispersion measured after 90 minutes The smaller the loss of usability. --------------------- Order --------- line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The paper size printed by the employee consumer cooperative is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 1233921 A7 V. Description of the invention (u) Table 2 Sample number Composition of high-performance water reducing agent (Glenium 51) per cubic meter Width of concrete F drop (cm) At the beginning of 90 minutes of usability loss (cm) 240 kg of cement 120 kg of fine grain concrete 4.8 kg of silica gel 1 (aluminum adjusted silica) 240 kg of cement 120 kg of fine grain concrete 4.8 kg of silica gel 2 270 kg of cement 120 kg of fine-grained concrete 5.4 kg of silica gel 7 3.6 kg of 3.6 kg of 4.1 kg 720 750 670 580 520 440 140 230 230 4 240 kg of cement 120 kg of fine-grained concrete 5.4 kg Silica gel 6 (aluminum-adjusted silica) 270 kg of cement 120 kg of fine-grained concrete 5.4 kg of silica gel 4 (Ming-adjusted sand and gravel) _ 4.1 kg 4.1 kg 690 710 550 640 140 70 6 270 kg of cement 120 Kg fine grains 5.4 kg silica gel 5 4.1 kg 720 610 110 ---- 1 --------------- order --------- line (please first Read the notes on the back and fill in this page again.) Printed in Table 2 by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Samples 1 and 2 containing aluminum-adjusted silica gel show less usability loss. (Sample 1 has Lower silica content). It is further shown that sample 4 containing aluminum-modified silica gel has a lower usability loss than sample 3 (sample 3 and sample 4 have the same silica content). In the same situation, sample 5 containing aluminum-adjusted silica gel has less usability loss than sample 6. Although the silica content of sample 5 is slightly lower, all in all, the conclusion from the results shows that it contains aluminum-adjusted silica gel. And 13 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 1233921 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (adjusted silica gel ratio, loss of usability Approximately 60 percent. Example 3 In order to evaluate the fluidity of cement with or without silica gel, four types of slurries were prepared using primary cement (Anlaggningscement Degerhanm CEM 1 42, 5 BV / SR / LA) 5 The water / cement weight ratio in the mud is 0.35, the weight percentage of silica gel is 2 and the high plasticizer is 1% by weight (30% by weight of sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde) Solution), based on the weight of the cement; all added to the mud. Mild agitated mixed mud, yield strength and plastic hysteresis (a measure of the fluid mechanics of the paddle) can be measured using ConTec Viscometer Model 4 (BML Viscomete r) to test, after 15, 30, 60, and 90 minutes, the yield force is a measure of the force required to move the cement slurry. Table 3 Sample No. Silica gel used for cement slurry yield strength Pascal (Pascal ) 15 minutes 30 minutes 60 minutes 90 minutes 1 Silica gel 1 (aluminum adjusted silica) 35.0 60.6 93.1 118.0 2 Silica gel 2 45.0 69.2 99.0 121.0 3 Silica gel 4 (aluminum adjusted silica) 31.4 48.0 74.3 95.9 4 Silicon Stone glue 5 37.4 54.6 80.4 99.9 Compare the samples in Table 3 with the aluminum-adjusted silica glue Samples 1 and 3 have a slightly lower yield force than Samples 2 and 4. This mud must have the smallest yield force to obtain virtually zero purity. Water (will not flow more than). Table 4 14 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -Order --------- Line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) A7
1233921 五、發明說明（^ ) 樣品 號碼 矽石膠用於泥漿 朔滞个生 Pascal Seconds (Ta) 15分 30分 60分 90分 1 矽石膠1(鋁調整矽石） 0.40 0.97 1.93 2.60 2 矽石膠2 0.60 1.46 2.66 3.38 3 矽石膠4(鋁調整矽石） 0.53 0.79 1.28 1.48 4 矽石膠5 0.52 0.83 1.44 1.78 表4顯示塑滯性有很大差別在樣品含有鋁調整矽石膠 和沒有調整矽石膠’當比較有相同矽石含量的樣品1和2 ，樣品1 (含有鋁調整矽石膠）比樣品2有較低的塑滯性 同時樣品3 (含有鋁調整矽石膠）比樣品4有較少的塑滞 性（樣品3和4事實上有相同砂石含量）。一種泥漿具有 好的流動性質和事實上零純水’也就是不傾向於流出不止 是相當有利的’特別是用於油井水泥工程’低塑滯性表示 好的的流動性質’好的穿透和結合性質。 --------------!— 訂 --------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐）1233921 V. Description of the invention (^) Sample No. Silica gel used for muddy life Pascal Seconds (Ta) 15 minutes 30 minutes 60 minutes 90 minutes 1 Silica gel 1 (aluminum adjusted silica) 0.40 0.97 1.93 2.60 2 Silicon Stone rubber 2 0.60 1.46 2.66 3.38 3 Silica gel 4 (aluminum adjusted silica) 0.53 0.79 1.28 1.48 4 Silica gel 5 0.52 0.83 1.44 1.78 Table 4 shows that the plastic hysteresis is very different. The sample contains aluminum adjusted silica gel and No adjustment of silica gel 'When comparing samples 1 and 2 with the same silica content, sample 1 (containing aluminum-adjusted silica gel) has lower plasticity than sample 2 and sample 3 (with aluminum-adjusted silica gel) Less plastic hysteresis than sample 4 (samples 3 and 4 actually have the same gravel content). A mud with good flow properties and virtually zero pure water, that is, not inclined to flow out is more than advantageous, especially for oil well cement engineering. 'Low plasticity indicates good flow properties.' Good penetration and Combined with nature. --------------! — Order -------- Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 15 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm)