1227365 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種電泳顯示器顯示模式及其驅動方法 ，尤指一種兼具穿透式及反射式顯示效果的電泳顯示器。 【先前技術】 隨著電子科技的日新月異，e化是許多產品設備無法 避免的趨勢。例如：電子書。所謂的電子書，當然與傳統 的紙本構造截然不同，但說穿了不過是將書本內容資料檔 案化，再透過縮小尺寸的平面顯示器加以顯示，但此種電 子書似乎未能一舉顛覆傳統閱讀習慣，原因可能在於電子 書的顯示方式不具備充分的親和力及經濟性。既有電子書 多半由液晶顯示器構成閱讀畫面，基於省電的理由，畫面 不太可能像一般紙面呈現的白底黑字，因而閱讀者必須適 應新的資料顯示形式。對於液晶顯示器而言，呈現白底黑 字顯然輕而易舉，然而必須消耗較多的電力，對於攜帶式 電子裝置，耗電量大無疑是一大缺點。 然而，在各種技術與材料不斷的開發上市後，消費者 已無須重新適應新的閱讀經驗，即由輕鬆地在電子書或 PDA上閱讀，且同時解決了耗電問題。其技術關鍵在於電 子紙張（e-paper)的問世，所謂的電子紙張亦稱爲反射型電泳 顯示器，已經推出雛型產品的E Ink公司對於電泳顯示器中 特殊的顯示材料爲電子墨水（Electronic ink)，它是由數百萬 個大小相當於人類頭髮直徑的微膠囊（microcapsule)所組成 1227365 ’如第廿一圖所示，每一微膠囊（7 Ο )中分別塡充有透 明流體、帶正電的白色粒子（7 1 )及帶負電的黑色粒子 (7 2 )。至於其基本原理則是：令微膠囊（7 0 )位於 兩相對電極間，當電極被施以負電場時（如第廿一圖左） ，會吸引帶正電的白色粒子（7 1 )向上移動，使該白色 粒子（7 1 )聚集的區域呈現白色。同樣地，亦可在特定 區域施以正電場以吸引黑色粒子（7 2)，使該聚集黑色 粒子的區域呈現黑色（如第廿一圖右）。 利用前述技術製造而成的顯示器宣稱可在陽光下閱讀 ，且對比鮮明、亮度高、耗電少、不受視角的限制等，而 前述特點係目前的液晶顯示器所無法作到的。 又Xerox公司亦提出類似的Gyricon顯示原理，如第廿 二圖所示，其係於一電極（8 0 )上設多數滾球（8 1 ) ，每一滾球（8 1 )將其球面一分爲二，令兩球面分別爲 不同顏色，且分別帶正電及負電。當電極（8 0 )上施加 負電場（如第廿二圖左），其吸引帶正電的黑色球面向下 ;又電極（8 0 )上施加正電時，則吸引帶負電的白色球 面向下。藉前述顯示器設計，亦具備對比鮮明、耗電少、 亮度高等優點。 再者，有關IBM開發的EP顯示原理則如第廿三圖所 示，其係於兩平行電極（9 1 )( 9 2 )間充塡經過染色 的流體（9 0 )，並使多數白色或有色粒子（9 3 )懸浮 其間。同樣的，其利用施予電極（9 1 ) ( 9 2 )之電場 極性變化，使前述粒子（9 3 )貼近聚集於電極（9 1 ) 1227365 內側面，或集中於另一電極（9 2 )表面，藉以產生對比 強烈的顯示畫面。 前列所述的各種顯示器，其共通特點在於： 1·皆爲反射型顯示器：利用前光源或自然光反射畫 素以顯示畫面。 2·耗電量小：僅轉態時耗電而已。 3 ·畫面淸晰，對比鮮明。 儘管如此，前列的反射型顯示器依舊必須面對外界光 源不足時即無法使用的困擾。而此一問題可配合背光源作 半穿透式設計以尋求解決。 【發明內容】 因此，本發明主要目的在提供一種可供使用者視不同 環境條件自由選擇穿透式或反射式顯示功能的電泳顯示器 0 爲達成前述目的採取的主要技術手段係於兩相對基板 間充塡帶正電及/或帶負電的色粒，又在兩基板上或二者 其中之一定義有反射區及穿透區，並設有電極，藉由對不 同位置的電極施加不同極性的電場，使色粒聚集於反射區 或穿透區，以控制入射光源是否反射及背光源是否穿透， 而分別提供穿透式/反射式或二者兼具的顯示效果； 以前述設計可供使用者視實際的環境狀況，選擇穿透 式、反射式或二者同時存在之顯示效果，以便在不同環境 條件下獲致理想的顯示效果。 1227365 【實施方式】 本發明係一種電泳顯示器顯示模式及其驅動方法，其 適用於穿透/反射式或穿透式之電泳顯示器，主要係於兩 相對基板間充塡帶正電及/或帶負電的色粒，又在兩基板 上或二者其中之一定義有反射區及穿透區，並設有電極， 藉由對不同位置的電極施加不同極性的電場，使色粒聚集 於反射區或穿透區，以控制入射光源是否反射及背光源是 否穿透，而分別提供穿透式/反射式或二者兼具的顯示效 果；爲達成前述目的可由以下的不同實施態樣分別達成之 首先如第一圖所示，係本發明第一較佳實施例的剖視 構造示意圖，其至少包括： 一第一基板（1〇)，可爲透明或不透明，於本實施 例爲係呈透明，其外側面爲顯示區，其內側面於每一畫素 預定位置分設一第一電極（1 1 )，並由該第一電極（1 1 )配合特定顏色（如白色）的光粒構成反射區； 一第二基板（2 0 )，可爲透明或不透明，於本實施 例亦呈透明，其與前述第一基板（1 0 )具適當間距，該 第二基板（2 0 )內側面於每一畫素預定位置分設一第二 電極（2 1 )，並分別相對於第一電極（1 1 );該第二 電極（2 1 )係由兩組或兩組以上的電極層組成，電極層 與電極層之間具適當間距，而在相鄰電極層間分別定義出 穿透區，供背光穿透；於本實施例中，第二電極（2 1 ) 1227365 如第二圖所示，係由三道平行且以適當間距排列而分爲兩 組的條狀電極層（2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )組成。除前條狀 外，該電極層（2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )亦可如第三圖A所 示，係呈〈形狀，惟仍作平行排列。再如第三圖B所示， 該第二電極（2 1)係由一矩形且中空的外電極層（2 1 4 )及位於該外電極層（2 1 4 )中空部位的矩形內電極 層（2 1 5 )組成。以前述的各種第二電極（2 1 )形式 ，僅爲本發明第二電極（2 1 )部分可行實施例而已’非 用以限制該第二電極（2 1 )之具體形式； 多數的色粒（3 1 )( 3 2 )，具不同顏色且分別帶 正電及負電，其充塡於前述的第一/第二基板（1 〇 ) / (2 0 )間（仍請參閱第一圖所示）；於本實施例中，多 數色粒中包含帶正電（或負電）的黑色粒子（3 1 )及帶 負電（或正電）的白色粒子（32)。該色粒除前述形式 外，亦可由微膠囊（microcapsule)構成，如第四圖所示，其 於一透明囊（3 0 )內充塡透明流體及分帶正電、負電且 爲不同顏色的粒子（3 1 )( 3 2 )。又如第五圖所示， 前述色粒亦可由一滾球（3 0 ’）構成，該滾球（3 0 ’）具 有相對的兩球面（31’）（32’），兩球面（31’）（ 3 2 ’）係分別爲不同顏色，且分別帶正電及負電（或僅具 單一電性電荷）。再者，前述色粒亦僅具單一顏色，其僅 帶正電或負電（未以圖示），而懸浮於第一/第二基板（ 1 0 )/( 2 0 )間充塡的流體中，該流體可爲透明或具 備背景顏色者。 1227365 由上述說明可看出本發明一較佳實施例的顯示器基本 架構，以該等架構係配合一電場施加暨控制手段以控制各 色粒於第一/第二電極上的聚散，其在不同電極的聚散現 象，將使顯示器分別構成反射式或穿透式，爲方便說明， 以下先以第一圖揭示的實施例構造，說明本發明之工作方 式： 首先，前述的電場施加暨控制手段主要在賦予第一/ 第二電極（1 1 )/( 2 1 )電場，並控制其極性，以決 定其吸引色粒趨近與否。如第六圖所示，係揭示第一電極 (1 1 )施加負電場，第二電極（2 1 )各個電極層（2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )同時施加正電場的狀況，在該狀況下 ，帶正電的黑色粒子（3 1 )受第一電極（1 1 )吸引而 趨近聚集，帶負電的白色粒子（3 2 )則趨近第二電極（ 2 1 )，此時入射的前光源無法由黑色粒子（3 1 )反射 ，故爲反射式的畫素暗狀態。在此同時，如第二基板（2 0 )外側設有背光源，則其光線仍受阻於黑色粒子（3 1 )而無法通過穿透區，故無改於前述的暗狀態。 又如第七圖所示，係揭示第一電極（1 1 )施加正電 場，第二電極（2 1 )各個電極層（2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )同時施加負電場的狀況，在該狀況下，帶負電的白色粒 子（3 2 )受第一電極（1 1 )吸引而趨近聚集，帶正電 的黑色粒子（3 1 )則趨近第二電極（2 1 )，此時入射 的前光源可由白色粒子（3 2 )反射，故爲反射式的畫素 亮狀態。 1227365 再如第八圖所示，則有別於前述的反射式狀態，而爲 一穿透式的控制方式，其係針對第二電極（2 1 )的兩組 電極層（2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )分別施以正、負電場（中 央的電極層（2 1 2 )施加負電場，兩側的電極層（2 1 1 )( 2 1 3 )施加正電場），在該狀況下，帶正電的黑 色粒子（3 1 )受第二電極（2 1 )中央的電極層（2 1 2 )吸引而趨近聚集，帶負電的白色粒子（3 2 )則趨近 其他的兩電極層（2 1 1 )( 2 1 3 )，此時因色粒均聚 集於第二電極（2 1 )的各電極層（2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )上，故設於第二基板（2 0 )外側的背光源，其光線可 經由各電極層（2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )間的色粒層之空隙 入射，再經透明的第一電極（1 1 )及第一基板（1 0 ) 射出，故爲一穿透式的畫素亮狀態。 至於前述背光源的形式可由冷光片（EL)、高分子有機 電激發光二極體（PLED)或有機電激發光二極體（OLED)構成 。如第九圖所示，揭示有利用有機電激發光二極體（4 0 )作爲背光源的實施態樣，該有機電激發光二極體（4 0 )可直接與第二基板（2 0 )結合，換言之，本發明的電 泳顯示器可直接製作在有機電激發光二極體（4 0 )或高 分子有機電激發光二極體、冷光片上。 如第十圖所示，係本發明第二較佳實施例，其基本態 樣與第一實施例大致相同，不同處在於：第一基板（1 0 )內側面上的第一電極（11)亦由兩組或兩組以上的電 極層（1 1 1 )〜（1 1 3 )組成，且分別對應於第二電 1227365 極（21)的各個電極層（211)〜（213)，該電 極層（1 1 1 )〜（1 1 3 )之形狀亦可如第二、三圖所 示。在前述實施例中，其電極施加暨控制手段除可如第一 實施例之各種控制方式外，亦如第十一圖所示，將不同顏 色的色粒（31) (32)集中在第一/第二電極（11 )(2 1 )中間的電極層（1 1 2 ) ( 2 1 2 )上，則由 於第一/第二電極（1 1 )( 2 1 )本身係由透明電極構 成，其兩端的電極層（111) (113)/(211) (213)均未受色粒遮蔽，故可擴大穿透區，以提高背 光源利用率增加顯示亮度。 如第十二圖所示，係本發明第三較佳實施例，其爲第 二較佳實施例的變化設計，其第一/第二基板（1 0 ) / (2 0 )內側面的第一/第二電極（1 1 ) / ( 2 1 )係 分別由兩組或兩組以上的電極層（1 1 1 )〜（1 1 3 ) /(211) ( 2 1 2 )組成，且作相間排列，其中第二 電極之電極層（2 1 1 )( 2 1 2 )間分設有反射層（5 1 )，該反射層（5 1 )係由具高反射率的多層膜構成， 電極層（211) (212)則爲背光源的透光區，其一 可行的形狀請參閱第十三圖所示而分別對應於第一電極（ 1 1)的各個電極層（111)〜（113);於本實施 例中，採用的色粒可爲第四、五圖所示者，惟爲呈現實施 態樣的多樣性，本實施例係採用單色單極性的色粒（3 1 如第十二圖所示，當色粒（3 1 )集中在反射層（5 1227365 1 )構成的反射區及第二電極（l l )上時，入射光線遇 黑色色粒故無法形成光反射，同時由電極層（2 1 1 )( 2 1 2)構成的穿透區亦受色粒（3 1 )遮蔽，背光源無 法穿透，故爲暗狀態。 如第十四圖所示，俟在第一電極（1 1 )的各個電極 層（111)〜（113)施加電場，黑色色粒（3 1 ) 分別聚集其上，外界光由各電極層（1 1 1 )〜（1 1 3 )入射，並投向第二基板（2 0 )上的反射層（5 1 )形 成反射，又背光源之光線亦由第二電極（2 1 )之電極層 (2 1 1 )( 2 1 2 )向外穿透，以提高顯示亮度。其中 ，反射層亦可以由具散亂層的反射板構成，用以提升對比 〇 如第十五A圖所示，係本發明第四較佳實施例，其係 在第一/第二基板（1 0 )/( 2 0 )相對內側面分設第 一/第二電極（1 1 ) / ( 2 1 )，其均由單一電極層構 成，惟第二電極（2 1 )寬度較窄，並在相鄰第二電極（ 2 1 )間分別形成穿透反射區（2 1 0 )，而在各穿透反 射區（2 1 0 )上分設一第三電極（2 2 )，該第三電極 (2 2 )係由高反射率的反射電極和透明的ITO電極或 IZ〇電極構成，惟對應於前述穿透反射區（2 1 0 )的部 分亦形成有透光區（220)，該透光區（220)亦可 由透明電極構成。 在工作原理方面，第十五A圖中同時呈現兩種工作型 態，如圖左所示在關狀態（OFF STATE)下的暗態畫素，其在 12 1227365 驅動電壓下，黑色色粒（3 1 )係集中在第三電極（2 2 、 )上’剛好將下方的穿透反射區（2 1 0 )遮蔽，故入射 光不反射，背光源亦無法向外穿透。又如圖右所示在開狀 態（ON STATE)下的亮態畫素，當施以另一電壓信號，則顯 示在該第二電極（2 1 )上施加電場以集中黑色色粒（3 1 )於其上，故入射光可由第三電極（2 2 )之反射電極 部分反射，而背光源亦可經穿透反射區（2 1 0 )、第三 電極（2 2 )上的透光區（2 2 0 )向外穿透。 如第十五B圖所示，係本發明第五較佳實施例，其與 修 第四實施例的基本架構大致相同，仍係在第一/第二基板 (1 0 ) / ( 2 0 )相對內側面分設第一/第二電極（1 1 ) / ( 2 1 )，其均由單一電極層構成，惟第二電極（ — 2 1 )寬度較窄，並在相鄰第二電極（2 1 )間分別形成 穿透反射區（210)，而在各穿透反射區（210)上 · 分設一第三電極（2 2 )，該第三電極（2 2 )係由反射 電極和透明的IT0電極或IZ0電極構成，其與穿透反射區 (2 1 0 )對應的局部則形成透光區（2 2 0 )構成。與 參 第四實施例不同處在於：第二電極（2 1 )周圍分設有一 第四電極（2 3 )，搭配驅動方法可用以加強粒子移動和 · 顯示效果。 · 如第十五C圖所示，係本發明第六較佳實施例，其係 在第一/第二基板（1 0 )/( 2 〇 )相對內側面分設第 一/第二電極（11)/(21)，其均由單一電極層構 成，惟第二電極（2 1 )寬度較窄，並在相鄰第二電極（ 13 1227365 2 1 )間分別形成穿透反射區（2 1 Ο )，而在各穿透反 射區（2 1 0 )上分設一第三電極（2 2 );與第四、第 五實施例不同處在於：該第三電極（2 2 )係由透明電極 構成，且在第二電極（2 1 )與第二基板（2 0 )間設有 一多層膜構成的反射層（5 2 )，其對應於第二電極（2 1 )上的穿透反射區（2 1 0 )處形成有透光區（5 2 0 )。除前述態樣外，該反射層（5 2 )亦可設於第二電極 (2 1 )與第三電極（2 2 )之間。 在工作原理方面，如第十五C圖的圖左所示暗狀態的 畫素，在驅動電壓信號下，黑色色粒（3 1 )係集中在第 三電極（2 2 )上，剛好將下方的穿透反射區（2 1 0 ) 遮蔽，故入射光不反射，背光源亦無法向外穿透。又如圖 右所示的亮狀態畫素，當施以另一電壓信號，則顯示在該 第二電極（2 1 )上施加電場以集中黑色色粒（3 1 )於 其上，故入射光係通過第三電極（22)，爲反射層（5 2 )所反射，而背光源亦可經反射層（5 2 )上的透光區 (5 2 0)及第二電極（2 1 )上的穿透反射區（2 1 0 )、第三電極（2 2 )向外穿透，可兼顧穿透和反射的亮 態。 如第十六圖所示，係本發明第七較佳實施例，爲前一 實施例的變化設計，其係在第一/第二基板（1 〇 )/ ( 2 0)相對內側面分設第一/第二電極（1 1 )/ (2 1 )’其均由單一電極層構成，惟第一電極（11)寬度較 窄’並在相鄰第一電極（1 1 )間分別形成穿透區（1 1 14 1227365 0)，而在各穿透區（110)上分設一透明的第三電極、 (12)。 又第二基板（2 0 )與第二電極（2 1 )間在於每一 畫素預定位置處分設有一反射層（5 2)，反射層（5 2 )上形成有透光區（520)，並相對於第一電極（11 )間的穿透區（1 1 0 )。 在工作原理方面，如圖左的畫素所示者，係對黑色色 粒（3 1 )施以一特定驅動電壓信號，而以電場控制使色 粒（3 1 )聚集在第三電極（1 2 )上，剛好將下方的透 _ 光區（5 2 0 )遮蔽，故入射光不反射，背光源亦無法向 外穿透，是爲暗狀態。又如圖右的畫素所示，爲亮狀態畫 素示意圖，則顯示在該第一電極（1 1 )上施加另一電壓 — 信號，而利用電場集中黑色色粒（3 1 )於其上，故入射 光可由第二基板（20)上的反射層（5 2)表面反射， ’ 而背光源亦可經透光區（5 2 0 )、第三電極（1 2 )、 穿透區（1 1 0 )向外穿透。 如第十七圖所示，係本發明第八較佳實施例，爲第四 _ 、第五實施例的變化設計，其係在第一/第二基板（1 〇 ^ )/ ( 2 0 )相對內側面分設第一/第二電極（1 1 ) / ’ (2 1 )，其均由單一電極層構成，其中，第二基板（2 〇 )與第二電極（2 1 )間設有一反射層（5 2 )，反射 層（5 2 )上形成有透光區（5 2 0 )，又第二電極（2 1 )寬度較窄，並在相鄰第二電極（2 1 )間分別形成穿 透反射區（210)，各穿透反射區（2 10)上分設一 15 1227365 透明的第三電極（2 2 )。其中該第二電極（2 1 )兩端 分別形成有擋牆（2 2 1 )( 2 2 2 )間。 在工作原理方面，第十七圖中仍同時呈現兩種工作型 態，如圖左所示者，係黑色色粒（3 1 )集中在第三電極 (2 2 )上，剛好將下方的穿透反射區（2 1 0 )及透光 區（5 2 0 )遮蔽，故入射光不反射，背光源亦無法向外 穿透，爲暗狀態。又如圖右所示，則顯示在該第二電極（ 2 1 )上施加電場以集中黑色色粒（3 1 )於其上，並爲 擋牆（2 2 1 )( 2 2 2 )所擋止，故入射光可由第二基 板（2 0 )上的反射層（5 2 )表面反射，而背光源亦可 經透光區（520)、穿透反射區（210)及第三電極 (2 2 )向外穿透，是爲亮狀態。又前述擋牆（2 2 1 ) (2 2 2 )設計係可提高亮暗對比度者。 前述第一至第八實施例，均在第一/第二基板（1 0 )(2 0 )內側面上分設電極，但電極亦可只設在第一基 板（1 0 )或第二基板（2 0 )上，謹配合以下的實施例 說明之： 如第十八圖所示，係本發明第九較佳實施例，其中第 一基板（1 0 )上不設電極，而第二基板（2 0 )之內側 面上設有一反射層（5 2 )，反射層（5 2 )上形成有透 光區（5 2 0 )，該第二基板（2 0 )即在該反射層（5 2 )及透光區（5 2 0 )上設電極（2 1 )，該電極形狀 係如第三圖所示，惟厚度較厚，該電極（2 1 )中央的電 極層係對應於透光區（5 2 0 )。 16 1227365 在第十八圖中揭示有兩個畫素，其分別揭示不同的工 作態樣，如圖左所示，黑色色粒（3 1 )因受電極驅動電 壓控制可均勻散佈於反射層（5 2 )表面時，其同時將反 射層（5 2 )表面及透光區（5 2 0 )遮蔽，此時入射光 不反射，背光源亦無法穿透第一基板（1 〇 )。當電極（ 2 1 )位於畫素周邊的電極層施加電場，使黑色色粒集中 其上，則入射光由反射層（5 2 )表面反射，背光源則經 透光區（520)、第一基板（10)向外透射，以提高 顯示亮度。 如第十九圖所示，係本發明第十較佳實施例，其中第 二基板（2 0 )上不設電極，惟其內側面上設有一反射層 (5 2 )，反射層（5 2 )上形成有透光區（5 2 0 )， 又第一基板（1 0 )於內側面上設有電極（1 1 )，該電 極形狀仍如第三圖所示，惟厚度較厚，該電極（1 1 )中 央的電極層係對應於透光區（5 2 0 )。 在第十九圖中仍揭示有兩個畫素，其分別揭示不同的 工作態樣，如圖左所示，黑色色粒（3 1 )因受電極電壓 驅動控制而位於反射層（5 2 )上方，其同時均勻散布於 反射層（5 2 )表面及透光區（5 2 0 )上而予遮蔽，此 時入射光不反射，背光源亦無法穿透第一基板（1 〇 )。 當電極（1 1 )位於畫素周邊的電極層施加電場’使黑色 色粒集中其上，則入射光由反射層（5 2 )表面反射，背 光源則經透光區（5 2 0 )、第一基板（1 〇 )向外透射 ’以提局顯不売度。 17 1227365 經前述說明，可看出本發明各種不同實施例的空間型 、 態與達成功效，至於其中主要元件及相關的配合技術’謹 進一步敘述如后： 有關基板（10) (20)方面’其可由玻璃、塑膠 等材料構成，如爲不透光者，則可由不鏽鋼片構成。 在反射層（51) (52)方面’其可表面可爲平滑 狀或波浪狀。當反射層（51) (52)表面爲平滑狀時 ，其具有炫光及鏡面效果。如爲第二十A圖所示反射層（ 5 1 )( 5 2 )表面爲波浪狀時，則較少或無炫光及鏡面 · 效果，但具散亂的散射效果。又其形狀可如第二+B圖〜 第二十D圖所示者。 又在驅動方式部分，其可採用被動式驅動電路’亦可 - 採用主動式驅動電路，例如TFT或TFD等。 由上述說明可看出本發明各種實施例之具體構造及其 ~ 工作原理，以該等設計令電泳顯示器除可以反射型式提供 顯示功能外，亦可在外部光線不足的狀況下’選擇爲穿透 型式以配合背光源增進顯示效果，故使用者可視使用當時 * 的環境條件自行選擇穿透或反射工作模式’而在各種環境 . 條件下，均可使顯示器發揮最佳的顯示效果；由此可見’ ' 本發明確已具備顯著的實用性與進步性，並符合發明專利 要件，爰依法提起申請。 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部分 18 1227365 第一圖：係本發明第一較佳實施例的結構示意圖。 第二圖：係本發明第一較佳實施例之電極形狀示意圖。 第三圖A、B :係本發明可行的電極形狀示意圖。 第四圖：係本發明一可行的色粒構造示意圖。 第五圖：係本發明又一可行的色粒構造示意圖。 第六圖：係本發明第一較佳實施例之一動作示意圖。 第七圖：係本發明第一較佳實施例又一動作示意圖。 第八圖：係本發明第一較佳實施例再一動作示意圖。 第九圖：係本發明第一較佳實施例結合背光源的結構示意 圖。 第十圖··係本發明第二較佳實施例之構造示意圖。 第十一圖：係本發明第二較佳實施例之動作示意圖。 第十二圖：係本發明第三較佳實施例之構造示意圖。 第十三圖：係本發明又一可行的電極形狀示意圖。 第十四圖：係本發明第三較佳實施例之動作示意圖。 第十五A圖：係本發明第四較佳實施例之構造暨動作示意 圖。 第十五B圖：係本發明第五較佳實施例之構造暨動作示意 圖。 第十五C圖：係本發明第六較佳實施例之構造暨動作示意 圖。 第十六圖：係本發明第七較佳實施例之構造暨動作示意圖 〇 第十七圖：係本發明第八較佳實施例之構造暨動作示意圖 19 1227365 第十八圖：係本發明第九較佳實施例之構造暨動作示意圖 0 第十九圖：係本發明第十較佳實施例之構造暨動作示意圖 0 第二十A圖：係本發明一可行的反射層細部構造剖視圖。 第二十B圖：係本發明一可行的反射層剖視圖。 第二十C圖：係本發明一可行的反射層平面示意圖。 第二十D圖：係本發明一可行的反射層平面示意圖。 第廿一圖：係一種習用電泳顯示器之工作原理示意圖。 第廿二圖：係又一種習用電泳顯示器之工作原理示意圖。 第廿··係再一種習用電泳顯示器之工作原理示意圖。 (一）元件代表符號 (1 〇 )第〜基板 （1 1 )第一電極 (1 2 > ( 2 2 )第三電極 （2 3 )第四電極 (1 1 0 > ( 2 1 0 )穿透區（2 2 0 )透光區 (2 0 )第二基板 （2 1 )第二電極 (2 1 1 )〜（2 1 3 )電極層 (3 0 >透明囊 （3 1 ) ( 3 2 )色粒 (3 0 ’）搶球 （3 1，）（ 3 2，）球面 (4 0 )有璣電激發光二極體 (5 1 > ( 5 2 )反射層 （5 2 0 )透光區 (7 0 >微膠囊 （7 1 )白色粒子 (7 2 )黑色粒子 （8 0 )電極 1227365 (8 1 )滾球 （9 Ο )流體 (9 1 ) ( 9 2 )電極 （9 3 )粒子1227365 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a display mode of an electrophoretic display and a driving method thereof, and more particularly to an electrophoretic display having both transmissive and reflective display effects. [Previous technology] With the rapid development of electronic technology, e-technology is an inevitable trend for many products and equipment. For example: e-book. The so-called e-book is of course very different from the traditional paper structure, but to put it bluntly, the content of the book is archived and displayed on a reduced-size flat-screen display. However, this e-book does not seem to subvert traditional reading The reason may be that the display method of the e-book does not have sufficient affinity and economy. Existing e-books are mostly composed of liquid crystal display reading screens. For reasons of power saving, the screens are unlikely to be like black characters on a white background, so readers must adapt to the new form of data display. For a liquid crystal display, it is obviously easy to display black characters on a white background. However, it must consume more power. For portable electronic devices, the large power consumption is undoubtedly a major disadvantage. However, after the continuous development and marketing of various technologies and materials, consumers no longer need to re-adapt to the new reading experience, that is, easily read on e-books or PDAs, and at the same time solve the problem of power consumption. The key to its technology lies in the advent of electronic paper (e-paper). The so-called electronic paper is also called a reflective electrophoretic display. E Ink, which has launched a prototype product, uses electronic ink as a special display material in electrophoretic displays. , It is composed of millions of microcapsules (microcapsules) the size of human hair 1227365 'As shown in the first figure, each microcapsule (7 Ο) is filled with transparent fluid, positive The electrically charged white particles (7 1) and the negatively charged black particles (7 2). As for the basic principle, the microcapsule (7 0) is located between two opposite electrodes. When the electrode is applied with a negative electric field (as shown in the left of the first figure), it will attract the positively charged white particles (7 1) upward. It moves so that the area | region where this white particle (7 1) gathers appears white. Similarly, a positive electric field can be applied to a specific area to attract black particles (72), so that the area where the black particles are collected appears black (as shown in the right of the first figure). A display manufactured using the aforementioned technology claims to be readable in the sun, and has sharp contrast, high brightness, low power consumption, and is not restricted by viewing angles, etc., and the aforementioned features are beyond the reach of current liquid crystal displays. Another Xerox company also proposed a similar Gyricon display principle. As shown in Figure 22, it is attached to an electrode (80) with a plurality of balls (81), and each ball (81) has a spherical surface. Divided into two, so that the two spheres are different colors, and are positively and negatively charged. When a negative electric field is applied to the electrode (80) (as shown in the left of the second picture), it attracts the positively charged black ball facing downwards; when a positive charge is applied to the electrode (80), it attracts the negatively charged white ball facing under. With the aforementioned display design, it also has the advantages of sharp contrast, low power consumption, and high brightness. In addition, the EP display principle developed by IBM is shown in Figure 23, which is based on two parallel electrodes (9 1) (9 2) filled with a dyed fluid (90) and making most white or Colored particles (9 3) are suspended in between. Similarly, it utilizes the polarity change of the electric field applied to the electrode (9 1) (9 2), so that the aforementioned particles (9 3) are closely gathered on the inner side of the electrode (9 1) 1227365, or concentrated on another electrode (9 2) Surface to produce a contrasting display. The common features of the various displays described above are: 1. All are reflective displays: the front light source or natural light is used to reflect pixels to display the picture. 2 · Low power consumption: only power consumption during transition. 3 · The picture is sharp and the contrast is sharp. Nonetheless, the front-line reflective displays must face the problem of being unavailable when there is insufficient external light source. This problem can be solved with the semi-transmissive design of the backlight. [Summary of the Invention] Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide an electrophoretic display that allows a user to freely choose a transmissive or reflective display function according to different environmental conditions. The main technical means adopted to achieve the foregoing purpose lies between two opposing substrates. It is filled with positively and / or negatively charged color particles, and a reflective area and a penetrating area are defined on two substrates or one of the two, and electrodes are provided, and electrodes of different positions are applied with different polarities. The electric field enables the color particles to be concentrated in the reflection area or the transmission area to control whether the incident light source is reflected and the backlight source is penetrated, and respectively provides a transmissive / reflective or both display effects; Depending on the actual environmental conditions, the user chooses a display effect that is transmissive, reflective, or both, in order to achieve the desired display effect under different environmental conditions. 1227365 [Embodiment] The present invention is a display mode of an electrophoretic display and a driving method thereof. The display mode is suitable for a transmissive / reflective or transmissive electrophoretic display, and is mainly charged and charged between two opposite substrates. Negatively charged color particles, and on the two substrates or one of them, a reflective area and a transmission area are defined, and electrodes are provided. The color particles are concentrated in the reflective area by applying different electric fields to electrodes at different positions. Or transmission area to control whether the incident light source reflects and whether the backlight source penetrates, and provides a transmissive / reflective or both display effects respectively; in order to achieve the foregoing purpose, it can be achieved by the following different implementations First, as shown in the first figure, it is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, which at least includes: a first substrate (10), which may be transparent or opaque, and is transparent in this embodiment. , The outer side is a display area, and the inner side is provided with a first electrode (1 1) at a predetermined position of each pixel, and is composed of the first electrode (1 1) and a light particle of a specific color (such as white) reflection A second substrate (20), which may be transparent or opaque, is also transparent in this embodiment, and has a proper distance from the aforementioned first substrate (1 0), and the inner side of the second substrate (20) is at each A second electrode (2 1) is arranged at a predetermined position of a pixel and is opposite to the first electrode (1 1); the second electrode (2 1) is composed of two or more electrode layers. There is a proper distance between the electrode layer and the electrode layer, and a penetrating area is defined between adjacent electrode layers for backlight penetration. In this embodiment, the second electrode (2 1) 1227365 is shown in the second figure. It consists of three stripe electrode layers (2 1 1) to (2 1 3) divided into two groups arranged in parallel and arranged at an appropriate interval. In addition to the front stripe, the electrode layers (2 1 1) to (2 1 3) can also have a shape as shown in the third figure A, but still arranged in parallel. As shown in FIG. 3B, the second electrode (2 1) is composed of a rectangular and hollow external electrode layer (2 1 4) and a rectangular internal electrode layer located in a hollow portion of the external electrode layer (2 1 4). (2 1 5) composition. The foregoing various second electrode (2 1) forms are only part of the feasible embodiments of the second electrode (2 1) of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific form of the second electrode (2 1); most of the colored particles (3 1) (3 2), with different colors and with positive and negative charges respectively, which are charged between the aforementioned first / second substrate (1 0) / (2 0) (still refer to the first figure) (Shown); in this embodiment, most of the color particles include black particles (31) that are positively charged (or negatively charged) and white particles (32) that are negatively charged (or positively charged). In addition to the aforementioned forms, the color particles may also be composed of microcapsules. As shown in the fourth figure, a transparent capsule (30) is filled with a transparent fluid and is divided into positive and negative charges and is of different colors. Particles (3 1) (3 2). As shown in the fifth figure, the color particles may also be composed of a rolling ball (3 0 ′). The rolling ball (3 0 ′) has two opposite spherical surfaces (31 ′) (32 ′) and two spherical surfaces (31 ′). ) (3 2 ') are different colors, and are positively and negatively charged (or have only a single electrical charge). In addition, the aforementioned color particles also have a single color, which is only positively or negatively charged (not shown), and is suspended in the fluid filled with the first / second substrate (1 0) / (2 0). The fluid can be transparent or have a background color. 1227365 From the above description, the basic structure of the display of a preferred embodiment of the present invention can be seen. These structures are combined with an electric field application and control means to control the aggregation and dispersal of each color particle on the first / second electrode. The convergence of the electrodes will cause the display to be respectively reflective or transmissive. For the convenience of explanation, the working structure of the present invention will be described with the embodiment disclosed in the first figure below. First, the aforementioned electric field application and control means The main purpose is to give the first / second electrode (1 1) / (2 1) an electric field and control its polarity to determine whether it attracts color particles or not. As shown in the sixth figure, the first electrode (1 1) is applied with a negative electric field, and the second electrode (2 1) is applied with a positive electric field at each electrode layer (2 1 1) to (2 1 3). Under the condition, the positively charged black particles (3 1) are attracted by the first electrode (1 1) and tend to be aggregated, and the negatively charged white particles (3 2) are approached to the second electrode (2 1). The front light source cannot be reflected by the black particles (3 1), so it is a reflective pixel dark state. At the same time, if a backlight is provided on the outside of the second substrate (20), its light is still blocked by the black particles (31) and cannot pass through the penetration area, so it is not changed to the aforementioned dark state. As shown in the seventh figure, it is revealed that the first electrode (1 1) applies a positive electric field, and the second electrode (2 1) each electrode layer (2 1 1) to (2 1 3) simultaneously applies a negative electric field. In this situation, the negatively charged white particles (3 2) are attracted by the first electrode (1 1) and tend to aggregate, while the positively charged black particles (3 1) are approaching the second electrode (2 1). At this time, The incident front light source can be reflected by the white particles (3 2), so it is a reflective pixel bright state. 1227365 As shown in the eighth figure, it is different from the aforementioned reflective state and is a penetrating control method, which is directed to the two electrode layers (2 1 1) of the second electrode (2 1) ~ (2 1 3) Applying positive and negative electric fields respectively (the negative electrode field is applied by the central electrode layer (2 1 2), and the positive electrode fields are applied by the electrode layers (2 1 1) (2 1 3) on both sides), under this condition) The positively charged black particles (3 1) are attracted by the electrode layer (2 1 2) in the center of the second electrode (2 1) and tend to aggregate, while the negatively charged white particles (3 2) are closer to the other two electrodes. Layer (2 1 1) (2 1 3). At this time, since the color particles are collected on each electrode layer (2 1 1) to (2 1 3) of the second electrode (2 1), it is set on the second substrate. (2 0) The light of the external backlight can be incident through the gap of the color layer between each electrode layer (2 1 1) to (2 1 3), and then pass through the transparent first electrode (1 1) and the first The substrate (1 0) is emitted, so it is a penetrating pixel bright state. As for the form of the aforementioned backlight, it can be composed of a cold light sheet (EL), a polymer organic electroluminescent diode (PLED), or an organic electroluminescent diode (OLED). As shown in the ninth figure, an embodiment using an organic electro-luminescent diode (40) as a backlight is disclosed. The organic electro-luminescent diode (40) can be directly combined with the second substrate (20). In other words, the electrophoretic display of the present invention can be directly fabricated on an organic electroluminescent diode (40), a high molecular organic electroluminescent diode, or a cold light sheet. As shown in the tenth figure, it is the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its basic appearance is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that the first electrode (11) on the inner surface of the first substrate (1 0) is different. It is also composed of two or more electrode layers (1 1 1) to (1 1 3), and each corresponds to each electrode layer (211) to (213) of the second electrical 1227365 electrode (21). The electrode The shapes of the layers (1 1 1) to (1 1 3) can also be as shown in the second and third figures. In the foregoing embodiment, in addition to the control methods of the electrode application and control methods of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the color particles (31) (32) of different colors are concentrated in the first / Second electrode (11) (2 1) on the middle electrode layer (1 1 2) (2 1 2), because the first / second electrode (1 1) (2 1) itself is composed of a transparent electrode, The electrode layers (111) (113) / (211) (213) at both ends are not shielded by color particles, so the penetration area can be enlarged to increase the utilization of the backlight source and increase the display brightness. As shown in FIG. 12, it is a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is a modified design of the second preferred embodiment. The first / second substrate (1 0) / (2 0) The first / second electrode (1 1) / (2 1) is respectively composed of two or more electrode layers (1 1 1) ~ (1 1 3) / (211) (2 1 2), and Phase arrangement, in which a reflective layer (5 1) is provided between the electrode layers (2 1 1) (2 1 2) of the second electrode, and the reflective layer (5 1) is composed of a multilayer film with high reflectivity. The layers (211) and (212) are the light-transmitting areas of the backlight. For a possible shape, please refer to the thirteenth figure and correspond to the respective electrode layers (111) ~ (113) of the first electrode (11). ); In this embodiment, the color particles used may be those shown in the fourth and fifth figures, but in order to show the diversity of implementation aspects, this embodiment uses monochromatic monopolar color particles (3 1 as As shown in Figure 12, when the color particles (3 1) are concentrated on the reflection area (5 1227365 1) formed by the reflective layer and the second electrode (11), the incident light encounters the black color particles and cannot form a light reflection. Electrode layer (2 1 1) (2 1 2) The penetrating area formed by is also blocked by the color particles (3 1), and the backlight cannot be penetrated, so it is in a dark state. As shown in the fourteenth figure, each of the first electrodes (1 1) is pinched. An electric field is applied to the electrode layers (111) to (113), and the black colored particles (3 1) are respectively collected thereon, and external light is incident from each electrode layer (1 1 1) to (1 1 3), and is projected onto the second substrate (2 The reflective layer (5 1) on 0) forms a reflection, and the light from the backlight is also penetrated outward by the electrode layer (2 1 1) (2 1 2) of the second electrode (2 1) to improve the display brightness. Among them, the reflective layer may also be formed of a reflective plate with scattered layers to enhance the contrast. As shown in FIG. 15A, it is the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is on the first / second substrate ( 1 0) / (2 0) is provided with a first / second electrode (1 1) / (2 1) opposite to the inner side, which are all composed of a single electrode layer, but the width of the second electrode (2 1) is narrow and A transflective reflection area (2 1 0) is formed between adjacent second electrodes (2 1), and a third electrode (2 2) is provided on each transflective reflection area (2 1 0). The electrode (2 2) is made of highly reflective The radiation electrode is composed of a transparent ITO electrode or an IZ〇 electrode, but a portion corresponding to the aforementioned transflective region (2 1 0) is also formed with a light transmitting region (220), and the light transmitting region (220) may also be formed of a transparent electrode In terms of working principle, Figure 15A shows two working modes at the same time. As shown on the left, the dark state pixels in the OFF state are shown. At the driving voltage of 12 1227365, the black color grains (3 1) is concentrated on the third electrode (2 2,) 'just shields the penetrating reflection area (2 1 0) below, so the incident light is not reflected, and the backlight cannot penetrate outside. As shown on the right, the bright state pixels in the ON state, when another voltage signal is applied, it shows that an electric field is applied to the second electrode (2 1) to concentrate the black color particles (3 1 ) On it, so the incident light can be reflected by the reflective electrode portion of the third electrode (2 2), and the backlight can also pass through the reflective area (2 1 0) and the light transmission area on the third electrode (2 2) (2 2 0) penetrates outward. As shown in FIG. 15B, it is the fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is substantially the same as the basic structure of the fourth embodiment, and is still on the first / second substrate (1 0) / (2 0) The first and second electrodes (1 1) / (2 1) are arranged on the opposite inner side, and they are each composed of a single electrode layer, but the width of the second electrode (— 2 1) is narrower and is adjacent to the second electrode ( A transmissive reflection region (210) is formed between each of the transmissive reflection regions (210), and a third electrode (2 2) is provided on each transmissive reflection region (210). The third electrode (2 2) is composed of the reflective electrode and A transparent IT0 electrode or an IZ0 electrode is formed, and a part corresponding to the transflective reflection area (2 1 0) is formed by a light transmission area (2 2 0). The fourth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that a fourth electrode (23) is provided around the second electrode (21), and a driving method can be used to enhance particle movement and display effects. · As shown in Fig. 15C, it is the sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the first / second electrodes (1 0) / (2 0) are provided on the opposite inner side of the first / second substrate ( 11) / (21), each of which is composed of a single electrode layer, but the second electrode (2 1) has a narrow width, and a transmissive reflection region (2 1) is formed between adjacent second electrodes (13 1227365 2 1). 〇), and a third electrode (2 2) is provided on each of the transmissive reflection areas (2 1 0); the difference from the fourth and fifth embodiments is that the third electrode (2 2) is made of transparent An electrode, and a reflective layer (5 2) composed of a multilayer film is provided between the second electrode (2 1) and the second substrate (2 0), which corresponds to the transmissive reflection area on the second electrode (2 1) A light transmitting region (5 2 0) is formed at (2 1 0). In addition to the foregoing aspect, the reflective layer (5 2) may also be disposed between the second electrode (2 1) and the third electrode (2 2). In terms of working principle, as shown in the dark state of the pixel on the left side of Figure 15C, under the driving voltage signal, the black color particles (3 1) are concentrated on the third electrode (2 2), which is just below The transmissive reflection area (2 10) is shielded, so the incident light is not reflected, and the backlight cannot penetrate outward. As shown in the bright state pixel on the right, when another voltage signal is applied, it shows that an electric field is applied to the second electrode (2 1) to concentrate the black color particles (3 1) on it, so the incident light It is reflected by the reflective layer (5 2) through the third electrode (22), and the backlight can also pass through the light-transmitting area (5 2 0) on the reflective layer (5 2) and the second electrode (2 1). The penetrating and reflecting area (2 1 0) and the third electrode (2 2) penetrate outward, which can take into account both the penetrating and reflecting bright states. As shown in the sixteenth figure, it is the seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is a modified design of the previous embodiment. It is divided on the inner side of the first / second substrate (100) / (20). The first / second electrode (1 1) / (2 1) 'are all composed of a single electrode layer, but the first electrode (11) has a narrower width' and are formed between adjacent first electrodes (1 1). Transparent area (1 1 14 1227365 0), and a transparent third electrode (12) is arranged on each of the penetration areas (110). A reflective layer (5 2) is disposed between the second substrate (20) and the second electrode (21) at a predetermined position of each pixel, and a light-transmitting area (520) is formed on the reflective layer (5 2). And relative to the penetration region (1 1 0) between the first electrodes (11). In terms of working principle, as shown by the pixel on the left, a specific driving voltage signal is applied to the black color particles (3 1), and the color particles (3 1) are collected at the third electrode (1) by electric field control. 2), the light-transmitting area (5 2 0) below is just shielded, so the incident light is not reflected, and the backlight cannot penetrate outward, and it is dark. As shown in the pixel on the right, it is a schematic diagram of the pixel in the bright state, which shows that another voltage-signal is applied to the first electrode (1 1), and the black color particles (3 1) are concentrated on it by using the electric field. Therefore, the incident light can be reflected by the surface of the reflective layer (5 2) on the second substrate (20), and the backlight can also pass through the light transmitting area (5 2 0), the third electrode (1 2), and the penetrating area ( 1 1 0) penetrates outward. As shown in the seventeenth figure, it is the eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is a modified design of the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment. It is based on the first / second substrate (1 0 ^) / (2 0) A first / second electrode (1 1) / ′ (2 1) is arranged on the opposite inner side, which are all composed of a single electrode layer, wherein a second substrate (20) and a second electrode (2 1) are provided with The reflective layer (5 2), a light transmitting region (5 2 0) is formed on the reflective layer (5 2), and the width of the second electrode (2 1) is narrow, and is separated between adjacent second electrodes (2 1). A transmissive reflection area (210) is formed, and a 15 1227365 transparent third electrode (2 2) is arranged on each transmissive reflection area (2 10). Wherein, two ends of the second electrode (2 1) are respectively formed with retaining walls (2 2 1) (2 2 2). In terms of working principle, in the seventeenth figure, there are still two types of work at the same time. As shown in the left, the black color particles (3 1) are concentrated on the third electrode (2 2), and the lower part of the The transflective area (2 1 0) and the translucent area (5 2 0) are shielded, so the incident light is not reflected, and the backlight cannot penetrate outward, and is in a dark state. As shown in the figure on the right, it shows that an electric field is applied to the second electrode (2 1) to concentrate the black colored particles (3 1) on it, and is blocked by the retaining wall (2 2 1) (2 2 2) So that the incident light can be reflected by the surface of the reflective layer (5 2) on the second substrate (2 0), and the backlight can also pass through the light-transmitting area (520), the trans-reflective area (210) and the third electrode (2 2) It penetrates outward and is in a bright state. In addition, the above-mentioned retaining wall (2 2 1) (2 2 2) is designed to improve light and dark contrast. In the foregoing first to eighth embodiments, electrodes are provided on the inner surface of the first / second substrate (1 0) (2 0), but the electrodes may be provided only on the first substrate (1 0) or the second substrate. In (20), I would like to explain it with the following embodiments: As shown in FIG. 18, it is a ninth preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the first substrate (1 0) is not provided with an electrode, and the second substrate (2 0) is provided with a reflective layer (5 2) on the inner side thereof, and a light transmitting region (5 2 0) is formed on the reflective layer (5 2), and the second substrate (2 0) is the reflective layer (5 2) and the light-transmitting area (5 2 0) are provided with an electrode (2 1). The shape of the electrode is as shown in the third figure, but the thickness is thick. The electrode layer in the center of the electrode (2 1) corresponds to light transmission. District (5 2 0). 16 1227365 In the eighteenth figure, two pixels are revealed, which respectively reveal different working conditions. As shown on the left, the black color particles (3 1) can be uniformly dispersed in the reflective layer (controlled by the electrode driving voltage). 5 2) surface, it simultaneously shields the surface of the reflective layer (5 2) and the light-transmitting area (5 2 0). At this time, the incident light is not reflected, and the backlight cannot pass through the first substrate (10). When an electric field is applied to the electrode layer on the periphery of the pixel to cause the black color particles to be concentrated thereon, the incident light is reflected by the surface of the reflective layer (5 2), and the backlight passes through the light transmitting area (520), the first The substrate (10) is transmitted outward to improve display brightness. As shown in FIG. 19, it is a tenth preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein no electrode is provided on the second substrate (20), but a reflective layer (5 2) and a reflective layer (5 2) are provided on the inner surface thereof. A light-transmitting region (5 2 0) is formed thereon, and an electrode (1 1) is provided on the inner surface of the first substrate (1 0). The shape of the electrode is still as shown in the third figure, but the electrode is thicker. (1 1) The central electrode layer corresponds to the light-transmitting region (5 2 0). In the nineteenth figure, two pixels are still revealed, which respectively reveal different working modes. As shown on the left, the black color particles (3 1) are located in the reflective layer (5 2) because they are driven and controlled by the electrode voltage. Above, it is evenly spread on the surface of the reflective layer (5 2) and the light-transmitting area (5 2 0) to be shielded. At this time, the incident light is not reflected, and the backlight cannot penetrate the first substrate (10). When the electrode (1 1) is placed on the electrode layer around the pixel, an electric field is applied to cause the black color particles to concentrate on it, the incident light is reflected by the surface of the reflective layer (5 2), and the backlight source passes through the light transmitting area (5 2 0), The first substrate (10) is transmitted outwardly to improve the local resolution. 17 1227365 According to the foregoing description, it can be seen that the space type, shape, and achieved effect of various embodiments of the present invention, as for the main components and related cooperating technologies 'I would like to further describe as follows: About the substrate (10) (20) aspects' It can be made of glass, plastic and other materials. If it is opaque, it can be made of stainless steel. In terms of the reflective layer (51) (52), its surface may be smooth or wavy. When the surface of the reflective layer (51) (52) is smooth, it has a glare and mirror effect. When the surface of the reflective layer (5 1) (5 2) shown in Figure 20A is wavy, there is less or no glare and mirror effect, but it has a scattered scattering effect. And its shape can be as shown in the second + B ~ twentieth D. And in the driving mode part, it can use a passive driving circuit 'or-an active driving circuit, such as TFT or TFD. From the above description, the specific structures and working principles of various embodiments of the present invention can be seen. With these designs, the electrophoretic display can provide a display function in addition to a reflective type, and can also be selected as a penetrating under the condition of insufficient external light. The type is matched with the backlight source to enhance the display effect, so the user can use the environment conditions at the time * to choose the transmissive or reflective working mode by himself and in various environments. Under these conditions, the monitor can make the best display effect; '' The invention does have significant practicability and progress, and meets the requirements for invention patents. [Brief description of the drawings] (I) Schematic part 18 1227365 The first figure: is a schematic structural diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrode shape according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third figures A and B are schematic diagrams of feasible electrode shapes of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a feasible color grain structure of the present invention. Fifth figure: It is another schematic diagram of the color particle structure of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an operation of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another operation of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of still another operation of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The ninth figure is a schematic diagram of a structure combining a backlight source according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The tenth figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of another feasible electrode shape of the present invention. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15A is a schematic diagram showing the structure and operation of the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15B is a schematic diagram showing the structure and operation of the fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15C is a schematic diagram showing the structure and operation of the sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16: Schematic diagram of the structure and operation of the seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17: Schematic diagram of the structure and operation of the eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention. 19 1227365 Schematic diagram of the structure and operation of the nine preferred embodiments. 0. FIG. 19: Schematic diagram of the structure and operation of the tenth preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20B is a sectional view of a feasible reflective layer of the present invention. FIG. 20C is a schematic plan view of a feasible reflective layer of the present invention. Figure 20D is a schematic plan view of a feasible reflective layer of the present invention. Figure 21: The working principle of a conventional electrophoretic display. Figure 22: The working principle of another conventional electrophoretic display. The second one is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another conventional electrophoretic display. (1) Element representative symbol (1 〇) ~ substrate (1 1) first electrode (1 2 > (2 2) third electrode (2 3) fourth electrode (1 1 0 > (2 1 0) Penetrating area (2 2 0) light transmitting area (2 0) second substrate (2 1) second electrode (2 1 1) ~ (2 1 3) electrode layer (3 0 > transparent capsule (3 1) ( 3 2) The color particles (3 0 ') grab the ball (3 1,) (3 2,) The spherical surface (4 0) has a galvanically excited photodiode (5 1 > (5 2) reflective layer (5 2 0) Light transmission area (7 0 > microcapsules (7 1) white particles (7 2) black particles (8 0) electrode 1227365 (8 1) ball (9 Ο) fluid (9 1) (9 2) electrode (9 3) particles