TWI224930B - Calculation method for prediction motion vector - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for calculating a prediction motion vector of a block to be coded, by performing a median operation using motion vectors of neighboring blocks. If one of the neighboring blocks has motion vectors MV1 and MV2, direction (forward or backward) information of reference pictures referred to, respectively, by the motion vectors are acquired and one of the motion vectors is selected with reference to the acquired direction information. Then, the median operation including the selected motion vector is performed to obtain the prediction motion vector of the block to be coded.

Description

1224930 Case No. 92100445

V. Description of the invention (1) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a moving day exhaustion system, and more particularly to a method for calculating a motion vector. Among them, when the neighboring area of the block to be coded has a majority of motion vectors, the pre-value of ~ to be used in the median operation is defined to use the motion vector information of the neighboring block to obtain the heartbeat motion vector (PMV) ) And improve coding efficiency 4 [Prior art] Generally, in order to reduce the number of bit encoders necessary to communicate motion information, the motion vector MV is not directly transmitted to the decoder, but three neighboring blocks are selected through unitary operations. The middle value of the motion vector, determine the selected value as the predicted motion vector PMV, obtain the difference between Mv and ^ ¥ ^ (that is, MVD = MV-PMV), and transmit the obtained difference MVD to After HV%, the decoder obtains the predicted PMV in the same way as the encoder, and adds the transmitted MVD and the obtained predicted motion vector to obtain a motion vector. In the figure, block £ is the block to be encoded (or decoded), and blocks A, B, and c are neighboring blocks of block £. If the motion vectors of the neighboring blocks A and B are defined as 1 «^, MVB, and MVC, the predicted motion vectors of block E can be obtained through median operations such as C: PMV = median {mva, MVB , MVC} When block C is outside the image, block C in block d in Figure 1 is used instead. If only one of the three blocks A, B, C or A, B, and D is represented by ghosts, and the reference image is the same as that of block E, the motion direction lMV of the block is used as the predicted motion vector PMV. All images, regardless of their type

Page 5 1224930 _ plug No. 92100445 _ month month _ correction _ V. Description of the invention (2) Whatever type is used, this kind of sports information transmission method is applicable. On the other hand, the B picture has five prediction modes, such as a forward mode, a reverse mode, a bi-prediction mode, a direct mode, and an inti (a) mode. Generally, the motion vector MVFW of the neighboring blocks in the forward mode is obtained from the forward reference image with the index ref_idx — fWd, and the motion vector MVBW of the neighboring blocks in the reverse mode is from the index ref — idx. A bwd inverse reference image was obtained. & In the B-picture bi-prediction mode, predictions in different directions and the same direction are allowed, such as forward / forward, reverse / reverse, and forward / reverse. Each reference image uses the index ref_idx_fwd or ref_idx_bwd, regardless of its direction (forward or reverse), and each motion vector is also represented by a custom FW or MVBW, regardless of its direction . (The reason is that the predefined 'grammars' are used in their original way. Regarding the statement of syntax, each index can use 'ref_idx-10' or 'ref_idx-11', and each motion vector can use 'Xianyi 1131: 0' or '111 ¥ 一 1131: 1'.) The direct mode of 6 images is a prediction mode in which motion information is not transmitted to the decoder. The motion vectors MVf, MVb and the reference image are Exported from inside the decoder. In fact, the derived motion vectors are all represented by MVf and M Vb. Regardless of their direction, this point is the same as that in the bi-prediction mode. In the conventional B-picture prediction motion vector PWV calculation method, only the forward motion vectors of neighboring blocks are taken and a median operation is performed on the obtained forward motion vectors to obtain the forward prediction motion of block E. vector. If one of the neighboring blocks does not have a forward motion vector ', its motion vector is set to 0, and a median operation is performed in this case. This method is also applied to the backward prediction motion vector 'of block E so as to use only the backward motion vectors of neighboring blocks.

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Case No. 921004 ^ V. Description of the invention (3) If one of the neighboring blocks is in the inner mode, its motion vector is set to 0, and the reference image represented by the neighboring block is regarded as a different block. E represents the reference image of "", and in this case the predicted motion vector PMV is obtained. However, as described above, in the bi-prediction mode of the B image, it is allowed to predict 'such as forward from different directions and the same direction' / Forward, reverse / reverse, and forward / reverse, each reference image uses the index ref-idx-fwd or ref —idx-bwd, regardless of its direction (forward or reverse), and Each motion vector is also represented by MVFW or MVBW, regardless of its direction. Therefore, a method must be defined to calculate the predicted motion vector PMV when two motion vectors exist in a neighboring block. If a neighbor When the block is in bi-prediction mode (or direct mode), the vertical motion vectors MVFW, MVBW (or MVf, MVb) can be in the same direction (such as forward / forward or reverse / reverse), or different directions (such as Forward / reverse). The direction of this motion vector cannot be sfl Judging from the motion vector language, mvfw, and ^ heart palpitations, or the reference image index 'ref_idx_fwd, and ref_idx_bwd, the conventional B-picture PMV calculation method cannot provide the accuracy of such problems. This leads to great confusion. For example, when a neighboring block is a bi-prediction mode and has two motion vectors in the forward / forward direction, the conventional PMV calculation method is used to calculate the forward prediction of the block £. In the case of PMV, whether two of them must be used at the same time or only one of them can be used, does not provide a clearly defined decision. [Summary of the Invention]

Case No. 92100445 on page 7 V. Description of the invention (4) Therefore, in view of the above problems, a method for referring to a reference image with respect to a reference image is provided. The motion vector direction information is unique to each reference image's direction. Information Another object of the present invention is to provide motion straight information used in the adjacent ft value calculation of a block to be coded to obtain the bat efficiency of the block to be coded. According to one aspect of the present invention, by using the special ϊ :: τ direction information of the reference image, it may be better to use a g! Quasi-pm image order and the order of the dry image display order according to the present invention. Another step: the steps of the image index are: obtaining the display order information of each meaning and the meaning of each relative image ^ / For each reference image is better, each reference = desire number (p〇c ) Value obtained. Image According to another aspect of the present invention, the median operation is performed: bat = said The present invention is proposed. The purpose of the present invention is to determine the direction information. Using a reference image for each reference image in a sowing ice can help to obtain a flood, from each neighboring block to: a method for calculating a predicted motion vector, which When the block has most motion vectors, define the desired vector so as to use the predicted motion vector (PM V) of the motion direction of the neighboring block and improve the reference image by specifying the direction information of a reference image as the reference image index index Address other purposes. The count (POC) value indicates that each base can be indicated. Neutralization: For a method 'to determine the orientation of a reference image. This method includes the display order information of the images, comparing and obtaining the display order of the coded blocks, and the direction (forward or reverse) of the second coded block. The display order information can provide a use of neighbors from an image order. Block motion vector block prediction motion vector (PMV) calculation method

Page 8 1224930 Case No. 92100445 Amendment V. Invention Description (5) The method includes the following steps: a) if the neighboring block motion vector points to the direction information obtained according to the selected motion vector, the medium motion vector is selected and included. . Preferably, the above step a) may include the display order information of the reference image pointed to to determine the movement direction. Preferably, if the neighboring blocks are used, the above step b) may include the direction and the predicted movement. Vector direction vector median operation to obtain or, if one of the neighboring blocks, the direction and prediction step of the motion vector b) may include the following steps: a reference image image represented by a neighboring block; Zero amount of motion. Alternatively, if one of the neighboring blocks is the same and represents the same reference step b-1 as the predicted motion vectors MV1 and MV2: the median value of the selected motion vector selected by the two motions is better, step b-1 above. ) When the neighboring blocks have motion vectors, the orientation information of the reference image is taken first; and b) one of the neighboring block motion vectors is referenced, and a value operation is performed to obtain the following sequence of steps for the block to be encoded There are two steps in the direction of information and quantity: from the same one; and predicting the direction of movement of the two movements with two identical motion vectors is different from the median operation of encoding, comparing the information to be encoded. Two shipments in the same direction. Set the block table to determine the direction of the direction. The selected motion vector is selected from the motion vector of the adjacent block to the block. The motion vector is selected, but at the same time, the previous step is 0. Assume that the shown reference map predicts In the motion direction, there are two motion vectors MV1 and MV2, the directions of which are the same, and when there are two motion vector images, the above step b) may include one of the following vectors MV1 and MV2, and perform an include operation to obtain the predicted motion vector. . Includes the following steps: from two motion vectors

Page 9 1224930 Amendment No. 92100445 V. Description of the Invention (6) Among MV1 and MV2, select the one to be decoded first, or select the same mode (MV1 mode and MV2 mode) as the mode that predicts the motion vector, and execute the include Take the median of the motion vector to obtain the predicted motion vector. Where ^ = a motion vector with the same pattern, indicating that its transcription is the same as the transcription of the instruction = motion vector. Or, if one of the neighboring blocks has two motion vectors _, MV2 are the same and the direction of the predicted motion vector is the same, but two: square time, the above step b) may include the reference map shown below Like M: 2,, € ^,,,., „^ ^ '; Move; the line includes the median operation of the selected motion vector to obtain the pre-rigid if two neighboring blocks have the same motion direction And the direction fMviy y of the predicted motion vector; neither MV1, MV2 represents the block to be coded: when a motion vector shows a different reference circle, the reference image is represented, and the motion vector MV1, In MV2, the following steps are used to describe the following steps: • Select the reference represented by the block ^ _ The standard image is closest to the image to be coded in the area y. The implementation includes the selected ... to obtain the predicted motion vector. 4 γ 徂 is inverse, or if one of the neighboring blocks has a different volume direction, the above step b) may include the volume system and the predicted motion direction W Μ Π, Α 疋 side block table Not the same as the reference image represented by the flat code block;

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Block zero motion median operation to obtain or if one of the neighboring blocks has the same quantity direction, step b) above, the motion vector of a neighboring block. Have to predict the motion vector. A motion vector system and the predicted motion direction may include the following steps: Performing the operation including the value to obtain the predicted motion direction may provide a clearer understanding of the present invention. The other objects, features, and advantages are described in the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment]

= $ To be coded for d-blocks. _ Adjacent 1 block is a bi-prediction mode (or direct mode) ^ ', the motion direction 1MVFW and MVBW (or mvf and mvb) may be the same direction, such as forward / forward and reverse / Reverse, or a different direction, such as forward / reverse. Such direction information of the motion vector cannot be determined solely from the methods 1VFW ′ and MVBW, or the reference image index μ ref —idx —fwd ’and‘ ref —idx —bwd. Therefore, it is necessary to refer to the different unique information held by the reference image to obtain the direction information 0. The present invention provides a method for obtaining the direction information of the motion vector, which includes comparing the display order of each reference image; and To calculate a predicted motion vector PMV based on the obtained direction information. Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 ^ Confirm the direction of the motion vector by comparing the display order. ^ Before predicting the motion vector PM V of the heterosexual coded block, you must first obtain the direction information of the motion vector of each neighboring block. Then, based on the direction information of the motion vectors of the neighboring blocks, determine whether the operation of each neighboring block must be included in the median operation.

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Case No. 92100445 V. Description of the invention (8) Motion vector. If: ΐ With: The forward mode or reverse direction of a motion vector can be determined from the -reference image index. However, in mode 1 it is impossible to confirm the actual direction of two ==: =: then: Mo mode or direct image. 1 The benchmark map of Gujifeng's image index indicator uses multiple reference images and -B images as the reference side; the encoder cannot estimate Wannei ring from the reference image index alone, because even if it can From the news, confirm the relationship between the preset forward / reverse ^ re-mapping index order, but it: It is suggested in the present invention that the reverse-based decoding is accurate, and that you + the number of images in it. Indicate its display order: The reference images indexed by f include the sequence of -image two = two ', and each reference image is: the value is not shown. Therefore, by comparing the display order and the desired orientation of the mother-reference image of the B image of the comparison code. ", ^ Order 'can easily confirm the PMV of each-movement vector PMV 2 ^ 2' Then when the conversion or direct mode is used, the predicted motion is calculated. In the bi-prediction mode or the direct mode, there are two motion vectors in the direction and the center. In these two motion vectors, the predicted motion vector p M V in the block i ΪI1 must be used in the same direction. The high efficiency proposed by the present invention will be explained in detail below.

Page 12 Iyou 1224930 _ Case No. 92100445_ Year Month Day Amendment V. Description of the invention (9) Method for calculating PMV of predicted motion vector. For the convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the block to be coded is E ′ and the neighboring blocks are A, B, C, and D, and the two motion vectors of each neighboring block are MV1 and MV2, as shown in FIG. 1. 2.1 If the two motion vectors of neighboring blocks have different directions, select a motion vector with the same direction as the predicted motion vector pMV of the block to be coded, and then calculate the predicted motion vector PMV through the median operation. In other words, when calculating pjjV related to the forward prediction motion vector of block E, a forward motion vector is selected; and when calculating PMV related to the backward prediction motion vector of block E, a reverse motion vector is selected. Then, the predicted motion vector ρ MV in each direction is obtained through a median operation. 2 · 2 If the two motion vectors of the neighboring block have the same direction and the same direction as the predicted motion vector PMV, the image will be judged first. If one of the two has a phase median and the same amount of rotation, A moving image is used to measure whether the motion is a reference image represented by the block E to be coded. The motion directions iMVl and MV2 both represent the same reference image, then select it (for example, the motion vector to be decoded first, or the motion vector in the same mode as the pre-motion vector [MVi mode MV2 mode]), and inflammation is included in the calculation. 'To calculate the predicted motion vector pMv. The motion vector of this mode has the same rotation direction. In addition, the motion direction is fine and the quasi-picture can be different from / different from the reference picture represented by the block E to be coded. Vector M: 1, only one of them represents the block reference, then this motion vector is included in

Vector PMV. < Open for J im page 13 1224930

The reference image represented by the motion vector Mn of the neighboring block is different from block E as 0; it is assumed that the neighboring block PMV. ^ When the predictive motion vector r of the waiter-coded block is significant, then it depends on whether the associated base is related to the predictive motion side = the direction of the amount '* to determine them near -e m. So; make =! =, Wrong to get a narrower (.m) range, following the motion vector difference_ On the other hand, if there is a motion vector in the neighboring block, the display order from an associated base image Get the direction information of the motion vector. If the direction of the motion vector is different from the direction of the predicted motion vector, set the motion vector to 0 ′ and assume that the reference image represented by the adjacent block is different from the reference image represented by the block to be encoded, and By including a zero-motion median operation, a predicted motion vector is obtained. ^ In addition, if a neighboring block has a motion vector,

Page 14 1224930 _Case No. 92100445_Year Month Day__ V. Display order of invention description (11) Obtain the direction information of the motion vector. If the direction of the motion vector is the same as the direction of the predicted motion vector, the motion vector is included in the median operation to calculate the predicted motion vector. As can be seen from the above description, the present invention provides a method for specifying direction information on a reference image and a method for determining the direction of a reference image, wherein each reference image is specified with display order information that can help obtain direction information of motion vectors. Therefore, the direction information from the current block to be coded to each reference image can be obtained. In addition, the present invention provides a method for calculating a predicted motion vector. When a neighboring block around a block to be coded has two motion vectors due to a B-picture bi-prediction mode or a direct mode, it is defined that The motion vector used in the value operation. Therefore, the motion vector information of neighboring blocks can be used to predict the predicted motion vector PMV of the block to be coded, and the coding efficiency can be improved. Although the above describes the preferred embodiment of the present invention as an example, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications and additions can be made without departing from the scope and spirit disclosed in the scope of the patent attached to the present invention. .

Page 15 1224930 _Case No. 92100445_ Year Month Revision _ Brief Description [Schematic Description] Figure 1 shows the prediction motion vector of block E using the motion vectors of neighboring blocks A, B, and C. [Element symbol correspondence table] · A neighbor block _ B neighbor block C neighbor block D neighbor block E block to be coded

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Claims (1)

1224930 ^ 9210Π44B /, Shen Jing patent range methods to specify direction information on the reference image to provide information from the reference image cable _ for the feature of the 5 Hai reference image. The reference picture is too silly ^ m 4 tf m ^ ^, # # "Respectively, the reference image decision sequence information ^ ~ y learns the display order information of each reference image compared to the display order information Based on the display sequence information of the current demons that have not stepped on π ghosts; and based on the comparison of the images of people, flat horses, and the current block to be coded: as a basis, determine the per-baseline 3. The method according to item 3, wherein the display order information is obtained from an image order count (poc) value. Figure 4: A method for calculating the predicted motion vector (pMv) of a block to be coded, where a median operation is performed using the motion vectors of neighboring blocks. The steps of this method include: a) if The neighboring blocks each have multiple motion vectors, then the direction information of the reference image pointed by the neighboring block motion vectors is obtained first; and b) referring to the obtained direction information, selecting one of the motion vectors of each neighboring block And perform a median operation including the selected motion vector to obtain a predicted motion vector for the block to be encoded. 5. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein step a) further includes the following steps: comparing the reference points of the motion vectors of the neighboring blocks, the display order information of $ and the display order of the block to be encoded Information to determine ^ 1224930 _ case number 92100445 _ year month day __ Six, direction information of motion vectors such as patent application scope. 6. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks has two motion vectors with different directions, step b) further includes the following steps: from the two motion vectors , Selecting a direction that is the same as the direction of the predicted motion vector, and performing a median operation including the selected motion vector to obtain the predicted motion vector. 7. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks has two motion vectors with the same direction but different directions from the predicted motion vector, step b) and then The method includes the following steps: setting the two motion vectors to 0; assuming that the reference image represented by the adjacent block is different from the reference image represented by the block to be coded; and performing a median operation including the zero motion to obtain The predicted motion vector. 8. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks has two motion vectors M VI and M V2, their directions are the same and the direction of the predicted motion vector is the same, and the two When the motion vector MV VI and MV2 represent the same reference image, this step b) further includes the following steps b-1): selecting one of the two motion vectors MV1 and MV2, and performing an operation including the median value of the selected motion vector to This predicted motion vector is obtained. 9 · The method as described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein step b-1) further includes step b-2): from the two motion vectors MV1 and MV2, select one to be decoded first and execute the include The median of the selected motion vector is calculated to obtain the predicted motion vector. 10. The method according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein step b-1) further comprises step b-2): from the two motion vectors MV 1, MV2, select one Page 18 1224930 -Barbara ____ 2 mode (UV1 mode or MV2 mode) is the same as the mode of the predicted motion vector, and the motion vector including the median of the selected motion vector is executed. -r k 1 · The method as described in item 5 of the patent claim range, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks f two motion vectors 仏 ^ and evaluation? , Its direction is the same and the same as the predicted motion direction I, but when only one of the two motion vectors MV1 and MV2 represents the reference image represented by the block to be encoded, this step further includes the following steps: Among the two motion vectors MV1 and MV2, a motion vector representing a reference image represented by a block to be coded is selected, and a median operation including the selected motion vector is performed to obtain the predicted motion vector. 12. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks has two motion vectors MV1 and MV2, the directions are the same and the direction of the predicted motion vector is the same, but the two motion vectors When neither MV1 nor MV2 represents the reference image represented by the block to be coded, and each represents a different reference image, step b) further includes the following steps: from the two motion vectors back to MV1 and MV2, select one representation The reference image is closest to the motion vector of the reference image represented by the block to be encoded, and performs a median operation including the selected motion vector to obtain the predicted motion vector. 13. The method as described in item 5 of the patent application park, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks has two motion vectors MV1 and MV2, the directions are the same and the direction of the read motion vector is the same, but the two motions Both the vectors MV1 and MV2 are not the reference images represented by the Z pre-encoded blocks, and each represents a different reference image. This step b) further includes the following steps: From the two motion vectors MV1 and MV2, select 〆 Indicates that the reference image is closest to the current map 1224930 _Case No. 92100445_ 年月 日 __ VI. Patent Application Scope Motion vectors and perform median operations including the selected motion vector to obtain the predicted motion vector. 14. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks has a motion vector whose direction is different from the direction of the predicted motion vector, step b) further includes the following steps: Set the motion vector of a neighboring block to 0; assume that the reference image represented by the neighboring block is different from the reference image represented by the block to be coded; and perform zero motion including the neighboring block To obtain the predicted motion vector. 15. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein if one of the neighboring blocks has a motion vector whose direction is the same as the direction of the predicted motion vector, step b) includes the following steps: The median operation of the motion vector of the adjacent block to obtain the predicted motion vector. Page 20