1221432 玖、發明說明： (一） 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明涉及一種採用連續鍛造製程形成自緊 定器。 (二） 先前技術 內螺紋、自緊式固定器在本領域內是公知的 時，其提供給諸如金屬板的材料，具有用以接納 紋結構，以使諸元件可固定在該板上。一種固定釘（ 型的傳統自緊式固定器，其包括一細長的圓柱體 圖和第4圖所示。該類型固定器的基本結構包括 一自緊槽、一圓柱體以及一設有螺紋的內孔。該 由壓機和砧來安裝，以致於所述槽接納來自板的 ，同時，多角形頭部被嵌入該板內。這些結構使 軸向及旋轉方向剛性地固定在板上。 上述類型的自緊式固定器的一種有效製作裝 連續模鍛工藝。該工藝利用連續的沖壓和模鍛， 料或金屬塊形成固定器的頭部、緊鉗槽、圓柱體 。這樣一種成形工藝已有所描述，例如S a k a m u r a 國專利申請公開號2002 / 0054806，題爲“帶槽螺 造方法”，申請日爲200 1年1月3日，公開日爲 月9日。該專利申請揭示了該工藝中所用的連續 ，如第1圖所示。該圖示出，一橫向的往複移動 式金屬固 。在安裝 螺釘的螺 standoff) ，如第 3 一頭部、 固定器藉 冷金屬流 固定器在 置是採用 使金屬坯 以及內孔 等人的美 母及其製 2002 年 5 沖壓模具 的壓頭裝 一 6 - 1221432 有多個沖頭，每一沖頭各自對著多個鍛造工程中的一沖模 。諸沖頭和沖模使一金屬坯料在每一壓頭行程後在各工程 之間被移動連續地形成固定器的基本形狀。當坯料由沖頭 推動通過沖模以形成最終的多角形狀時’固定器的臨時形 成的環形頭邊緣上的毛邊則由最終工程的沖頭和沖模之間 的剪切動作而去除。 然而，該製作工藝存在一個問題，即連續鍛造的最終 工程中的剪切過程會在固定器頭部的上側留下不希望有的 面向上的毛邊。而且，由從環形頭周邊切去材料以形成最 終多角形狀而產生的廢料環往往常會粘在修邊模的表面上 ，而使連續鍛造工藝的連續操作受阻，這就是最終環形頭 修邊工程方面有的另一個問題。因此，本領域需要採用一 種冷鍛工藝來製作沒有上述缺陷的自緊式固定器。 (三）發明內容 本發明解決了上述在固定器頭部產生不希望有的毛邊 這一問題，並在鍛造工藝的頭部修邊工程的最終工程上有 效地去除修邊廢料環。按照本發明的一個觀點，對先前技 術的鍛造裝置進行修改，即將頭部修邊工程中的沖頭和模 具換位。也就是說，沖頭被設置在模塊上，而模具則設置 在往複式運動的沖頭塊上。這使固定器和沖模之間相對移 動方向相反，以致於毛邊在固定器頭部的下側形成，而不 是上側。這是較理想的，因爲固定器一旦被固定在板上時 ，其頭部下側將被嵌入板材中。這樣，毛邊就看不見了， 一 7 - 1221432 也就不會對緊固後的組件的最後的外觀有影響了。因爲在 此新系統中，固定器的圓柱體必定在最終工程保持在修邊 沖頭的一空腔內，故而需要一外加的作往複式運動的頂推 銷來使該圓柱體部分自沖頭中推出並穿過沖模的相對一側 〇 在頭部修邊時，使沖模和固定器之間相對移動方向反 向也會在最終工程上使廢料環留在沖頭外側上，而不是像 先前技術那樣依附在沖模的表面上。這有助於廢料環隨後 可藉由一剝離套快速、可靠地自修邊沖頭周圍去除，其中 ，所述剝離套在修邊工程完成後，使廢料環推離修邊沖頭 的端部。這就避免了先前技術中廢料去除的不可靠性。另 外，這也有助於將成品與廢料分開，由此免除了需要以昂 貴的分選或者工人檢驗操作來去除成品中的廢料。 本發明在最終頭部修邊工程的鍛造製程可進一步描述 如下。具有一管狀圓柱體和一臨時形成的環形頭的固定器 坯料被放入一沖頭的孔內，其中，該固定器的圓柱體放置 在孔內，而環形頭的下側則緊靠沖頭的一端面。然後，鍛 造裝置使沖模移向固定器的上側，直到該沖模的多角形刃 口自固定器坯料的環形頭的邊緣周圍剪切金屬爲止。當刃 口超出沖頭端面和固定器頭部的下側時，沖模停止移動。 此時’在沖頭孔內作往複式運動的一頂推銷將該固定器經 沖模內的一通道強制推出到該沖模的相對一側之外，並落 入一裝成品部件的容器內。然後，該冷鍛裝置使沖模移離 -8- 1221432 沖頭。一旦該沖模脫離沖頭，一相對於沖頭外表面作往複 式運動的剝離套會自縮回位置移動到沖頭端部上，並且以 此使留在沖頭外側周圍的廢料環去除。由於工具的方向是 橫向的，所述廢料環將隨後因重力從沖頭上落下，還可以 藉由壓縮油或壓縮空氣來確保廢料環向下掉。完成這一操 作過程後，修邊工程又將準備接納下一個經部分加工的固 定器坯料。 實施本發明頭部修邊工藝的裝置包括一靜止的沖頭， 該沖頭具有一孔，該孔接納固定器坯料的圓柱體部分，一 端面，該端面支承保持在孔內的固定器的頭部下側，以及 一多角形體。本發明還包括一往複式運動的沖模，該沖模 具有一內通道和一帶開口的修邊板，所述修邊板的開口呈 多角形，它與接納該沖頭的沖頭體的大小完全一致。該沖 模可自一縮回位置向著固定器坯料的上側移動到一修邊延 長位置，在該處所述刃口超出沖頭端面。沖頭孔內設有一 往複式運動的頂推銷，用於將固定器坯料自孔經沖模通道 推出到該沖模的相對一側。一可滑動地裝置在沖頭的外表 面的剝離套藉由一彈簧推動式機構在縮回位置和延長位置 之間作往複式運動，延長位置位於剝離套的遠端與沖頭的 端面齊平，用於去除沖頭上的廢料環。因爲沖模可在一大 致水平面上移動，廢料環會因重力自沖頭端面落下，如有 需要，可借助於壓縮油和/或壓縮空氣。對於本領域的技術 人員來說，本發明的其他目的和優點將從下面的附圖以及 _ 9 一 1221432 對較佳實施側的描述而易於明白。 (四）實施方式 第1圖所示爲先前技術的冷鍛裝置，其包括一裝有多 個沖頭8的往複式沖頭塊1 1以及一裝有多個沖模9的沖模 塊1 3，沖頭塊1 1對沖壓沖模塊1 3作來回運動，以使金屬 塊15被順序鍛造成第3圖中所示的標準型自緊式固定器的 一般形狀。這種先前技術裝置和本發明裝置都採用六個鍛 造工程，即S 1至S6，由第一工程開始，至最終第六工程結 束，其中，在第一工程中，從原料棒材17上切下金屬塊15 ，在第六工程中，將一完全成形的部件上的圓柱形頭部修 整爲六角形。金屬塊15藉由先前技術中所公知的輸送機構 (圖中未示）在沖頭塊的每次行程後順序地在工程之間移動 ，從一模腔到另一模腔。本發明的裝置及操作涉及固定器 的環形頭修整爲六角形的第六最終成形工程。 現在請參見第2圖，圖中示出本發明的第五和第六工 程，第一至第五工程基本上和第1圖所示的先前技術的裝 置是一樣的。本發明其中一個目的是將先前工程的沖頭8 和沖模9的位置對換，以使本發明在第六工程上的沖模組 件1 2藉由往複式運動的沖頭塊1 1保持，而沖頭組件1 4則 固定在靜止的沖模塊1 3中。由於這些元件的位置對換，頭 部修邊剪切的方向也相反。而且，成品部件經沖頭塊推出 ，而不是像先前技術那樣通過靜止的沖模塊1 3落下，這將 在稍後作描述。 1221432 修邊操作方向改變對第3和第4圖所示的固定器頭部 的表面特徵具有有利效果。如第3圖所示，第1圖所示的 先前技術冷鍛方法使得修邊產生的毛邊面向上，凸出於固 定器的頭部。該毛邊既粗糙又有尖銳，很不美觀，也是不 希望有的。然而，雖然使頭部修整爲最終六角形的沖模剪 切方法必然會形成毛邊，使用本發明的裝置，所述毛邊是 產生在固定器頭部的下側表面。因爲其安裝之後固定器頭 部被嵌入一基板材料中，所述修整的毛邊就看不見了，而 且固定器頭部的上表面與基板的外表面齊平，其組裝之後 的最終外觀從美觀方面看是可以接受的。 請參見第5圖，圖中示出了第2圖所示的本發明的第 六工程的各部件還包括成品件1 6以及修邊後的廢料環1 8。 修整沖模1 2包括修邊板27，該修邊板具有一沿其內表面帶 有刃口的六角形開口。沖頭組件1 4包括一保持件1 9，該保 持件剛性地固定六角形沖頭2 3。所述沖頭組件還包括一剝 離套2 5和一推頂銷21，它們相對於固定的沖頭2 3和保持 件1 9在組件內可滑動。驅動剝離套和推頂銷運動的裝置未 在圖中示出，這對於本領域的技術人員來說是公知的。 現請參見第6A至6D圖，圖中順序地示出使用第5圖 所示裝置的修邊加工的四個階段。首先請參見第6A圖，固 定器坯料16由一輸送機構（圖中未示）運送，使固定器的圓 柱體置於一六角形沖頭23的圓筒形孔內，所述六角形沖頭 2 3被剛性地固定在保持件1 9中。修邊加工的第一步始於沖 1221432 模1 2向固定器移動。在此位置，固定器坯料的環形頭i 5 的下側靠在沖頭的一端面上。 請參見第6B圖，沖模已經移動到其行程的終點，即完 成修邊的位置。該沖模面上的修邊板27的刃口已自固定器 坯料切下一廢料環1 δ，它是由沖頭2 3自固定器的環形頭部 剪切下來並具有一六角形狀。這時，六角形頭部已位於修 邊板後側之外的一沖模的通道內。 本發明的下一操作步驟示於第6C圖。推頂銷2 1最女子 是被彈簧支承（圖中未示彈簧機構），它被頂出並迫使成品 件16通過沖模的通道20推出，並如該圖中箭頭所示，医[ 重力自沖模的相對側落下。應該注意到，在此階段，廢料 環1 8仍保留在沖頭23的外側。 該工程的最終操作階段示於第6D圖，其中，有幾種情 況同時發生。正當沖模1 2被退回至其本來位置時，推頂銷 2 1回縮以及剝離套2 5延伸至與沖頭的端面齊平，從而迫使 廢料環1 8離開沖頭的端部並如箭頭所示因重力而自裝置上 落下。然後，剝離套2 5回縮至其與保持件1 9的端面齊平 的本來位置。現在，沖頭組件的各元件處於第6Α圖所示的 相同位置，準備接受由輸送機構送來的下一固定器，到此 ，該操作周期就完成了。 應該理解，對本發明可以作出其他各種變化或者改型 ，基於上面的敘述，這些變化或改型對於本領域技術人員 來說是顯而易見的，然而，本發明僅由以下的權利要求及 1221432 其等同物所限制。 (五）圖式簡單說明 第1圖係先前技術的多工程冷鍛裝置的俯視圖。 第2圖係本發明的冷鍛裝置的俯視圖。 第3圖係採用先前技術方法形成的一固定器的側邊局 部剖視圖。 第4圖係採用本發明製作的一固定器的局部剖視圖及 其一區域放大圖。 第5圖係相應於第2圖所示本發明第6鍛造工程的各 組件的元件分解圖。 第6A至6D圖係顯示本發明順序操作的冷鍛裝置的局 部側剖視圖。 【元件符號說明】 8 沖頭 9 沖模 11 往複式沖頭塊 12 沖模 13 沖模塊 14 '冲頭組件 15 金屬塊 16 固定器 17 原料棒材 18 廢料環 一 13- 1221432 19 保 持 件 20 沖 模 通 道 21 頂 推 銷 23 _L. 角 形 沖頭 25 剝 離 套 27 修 邊 板1221432 (1) Description of the invention: (1) Technical field to which the invention belongs The present invention relates to a self-fixer formed by a continuous forging process. (Ii) Prior art When internally threaded, self-tightening fixtures are well known in the art, they are provided to a material such as a metal plate and have a structure for receiving a pattern so that components can be fixed to the plate. A conventional self-tightening fixture of the fixing nail type includes an elongated cylindrical body and a figure 4. The basic structure of this type of fixture includes a self-tightening groove, a cylinder, and a threaded Inner hole. This is installed by the press and anvil so that the slot receives the plate, and at the same time, the polygonal head is embedded in the plate. These structures make the axial and rotational directions rigidly fixed to the plate. A type of self-tightening fixture of an effective production and continuous die forging process. This process uses continuous stamping and die forging to form the head, clamp groove, and cylinder of the fixture. Such a forming process has been There are descriptions, for example, Sakamura National Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0054806, entitled "Slotted Snail Making Method", the application date is January 3, 2001, and the publication date is January 9. The patent application discloses The continuity used in the process is shown in Figure 1. This figure shows a horizontal reciprocating metal solid. At the standoff of the mounting screw), such as the third head, the holder is a cold metal flow holder. In the home Using the metal billet and the inner hole et al US-2002 manufactured and female stamping die mounted a ram 6--1221432 a plurality of punches, each opposite a respective punch die forging of the plurality. The punches and dies cause a metal blank to be moved between processes after each stroke of the indenter to continuously form the basic shape of the holder. When the blank is pushed through the die by the punch to form the final polygonal shape, the burr on the edge of the temporarily formed annular head of the holder is removed by the shearing action between the punch and the die of the final process. However, this manufacturing process has a problem that the shearing process in the final process of continuous forging can leave an undesired upward facing burr on the upper side of the holder head. Moreover, the scrap ring produced by cutting the material from the periphery of the ring head to form the final polygonal shape often often sticks to the surface of the trimming die, which prevents the continuous operation of the continuous forging process. This is the final ring head trimming project There is another problem. Therefore, a cold forging process is needed in the art to make a self-tightening fixture without the aforementioned defects. (3) Summary of the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem of generating undesired burrs on the head of the holder, and effectively removes the trimming waste ring in the final process of the head trimming process of the forging process. According to an aspect of the present invention, the forging device of the prior art is modified by replacing the punches and dies in the head trimming process. That is, the punch is set on the module, and the die is set on the reciprocating punch block. This reverses the direction of relative movement between the holder and the die so that burrs are formed on the underside of the head of the holder, rather than on the upper side. This is ideal because once the holder is fixed on the board, the underside of its head will be embedded in the board. In this way, the burrs will be invisible, and 7-1221432 will not affect the final appearance of the tightened component. Because in this new system, the cylinder of the holder must be held in a cavity of the trimming punch in the final project, an additional push pin for reciprocating movement is required to push the cylinder part out of the punch. And pass through the opposite side of the die. When the head is trimmed, reversing the relative movement direction between the die and the holder will also leave the waste ring on the outside of the punch in the final project, instead of the previous technology. Attach to the surface of the die. This helps the scrap ring to be quickly and reliably removed from around the trimming punch by a stripping sleeve, which pushes the scrap ring away from the end of the trimming punch after the trimming process is completed. This avoids the unreliability of waste removal in the prior art. In addition, it helps to separate the finished product from the waste, thereby eliminating the need for expensive sorting or worker inspection operations to remove the waste from the finished product. The forging process in the final head trimming process of the present invention can be further described as follows. A holder blank having a tubular cylinder and a temporarily formed ring head is placed in a hole of a punch, wherein the cylinder of the holder is placed in the hole, and the lower side of the ring head is close to the punch One end face. Then, the forging device moves the die toward the upper side of the holder until the polygonal cutting edge of the die cuts metal around the edge of the annular head of the holder blank. When the cutting edge extends beyond the end face of the punch and the underside of the holder head, the die stops moving. At this time, a push pin which reciprocates in the punch hole forces the holder to be pushed out of the opposite side of the die through a channel in the die, and falls into a container containing a finished part. The cold forging device then moves the die away from the -8-1221432 punch. Once the die is disengaged from the punch, a peeling sleeve that reciprocates relative to the outer surface of the punch moves from the retracted position to the end of the punch, thereby removing the waste ring remaining around the outside of the punch. Since the orientation of the tool is transverse, the scrap ring will then fall from the punch due to gravity. It is also possible to ensure that the scrap ring falls down by means of compressed oil or compressed air. After completing this operation, the trimming project will be ready to accept the next partially processed fixture blank. The device for carrying out the head trimming process of the present invention includes a stationary punch having a hole that receives a cylindrical portion of a holder blank, and an end surface that supports the head of the holder held in the hole. Underside, and a polygon. The invention also includes a reciprocating punching die. The punching die has an inner channel and a trimming plate with an opening. The opening of the trimming plate is polygonal, which is completely consistent with the size of the punch body receiving the punch. . The die can be moved from a retracted position toward the upper side of the holder blank to a trimming extension position, where the cutting edge extends beyond the end face of the punch. A reciprocating ejector pin is provided in the punch hole for pushing the holder blank from the hole to the opposite side of the punch through the punch channel. A stripping device slidably mounted on the outer surface of the punch is reciprocated between a retracted position and an extended position by a spring-push mechanism. The extended position is located at the distal end of the strip and is flush with the end surface of the punch. , For removing the waste ring on the punch. Because the die can be moved on a large horizontal surface, the waste ring will fall from the end face of the punch due to gravity. If necessary, compressed oil and / or compressed air can be used. For those skilled in the art, other objects and advantages of the present invention will be easily understood from the following drawings and the description of the preferred implementation side. (D) Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a cold forging device of the prior art, which includes a reciprocating punch block 11 equipped with a plurality of punches 8 and a punch module 1 3 equipped with a plurality of punches 9, The punch block 11 makes a back-and-forth movement of the punching punch module 13 so that the metal block 15 is sequentially forged into the general shape of the standard self-tightening fixture shown in FIG. 3. This prior art device and the device of the present invention both use six forging processes, namely S1 to S6, starting from the first process and ending with the final sixth process, wherein in the first process, the raw material bar 17 is cut The lower metal block 15, in the sixth process, the cylindrical head on a fully formed part is trimmed to a hexagonal shape. The metal block 15 is sequentially moved between processes after each stroke of the punch block by a conveying mechanism (not shown) known in the prior art, from one cavity to another. The device and operation of the present invention involve a sixth final forming process of trimming the ring head of the holder into a hexagon. Referring now to FIG. 2, the fifth and sixth processes of the present invention are shown. The first to fifth processes are basically the same as the prior art apparatus shown in FIG. One of the purposes of the present invention is to exchange the positions of the punch 8 and the die 9 of the previous process, so that the die assembly 12 of the sixth process of the present invention is held by the reciprocating punch block 1 1 and punched. The head assembly 14 is fixed in a stationary punch module 13. Due to the reversal of the position of these elements, the direction of head trimming and shearing is also reversed. Furthermore, the finished part is pushed out by the punch block, instead of being dropped by the stationary punch module 13 as in the prior art, which will be described later. 1221432 Changing the direction of the trimming operation has a beneficial effect on the surface features of the holder head shown in Figs. 3 and 4. As shown in Fig. 3, the prior art cold forging method shown in Fig. 1 causes the burr produced by the trimming to face upward and protrude from the head of the holder. This burr is both rough and sharp, very unattractive and undesired. However, although the die cutting method of trimming the head to the final hexagonal shape inevitably forms burrs, using the device of the present invention, the burrs are generated on the lower side surface of the holder head. Because the holder head is embedded in a substrate material after installation, the trimmed burr is invisible, and the upper surface of the holder head is flush with the outer surface of the substrate. The final appearance after assembly is aesthetically pleasing. Seeing is acceptable. Please refer to Fig. 5, which shows that the components of the sixth process of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 further include a finished product 16 and a trimmed waste ring 18. The trimming die 12 includes a trimming plate 27 having a hexagonal opening with a cutting edge along its inner surface. The punch assembly 14 includes a holder 19 which rigidly fixes the hexagonal punch 23. The punch assembly also includes a peeling sleeve 25 and an ejector pin 21, which are slidable in the assembly with respect to the fixed punch 23 and the holder 19. The means for driving the movement of the peeling sleeve and the ejector pin are not shown in the figure and are well known to those skilled in the art. Referring now to FIGS. 6A to 6D, the four stages of the trimming process using the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 are sequentially shown. First, referring to FIG. 6A, the holder blank 16 is transported by a conveying mechanism (not shown), so that the cylinder of the holder is placed in the cylindrical hole of a hexagonal punch 23, which is a hexagonal punch 2 3 is rigidly fixed in the holder 19. The first step in the trimming process starts with punching 1221432 and moving the die 12 towards the holder. In this position, the lower side of the ring head i 5 of the holder blank rests on one end face of the punch. See Figure 6B. The die has moved to the end of its stroke, where the trimming is completed. The edge of the trimming plate 27 on the die surface has been cut out of the scrap ring 1 δ from the holder blank, and it is cut by the punch 23 from the ring head of the holder and has a hexagonal shape. At this point, the hexagonal head is already in the channel of a die outside the back of the trimming plate. The next operation step of the present invention is shown in Fig. 6C. The ejector pin 21 is supported by a spring (the spring mechanism is not shown in the figure). It is ejected and forces the finished product 16 through the channel 20 of the die. As shown by the arrow in the figure, Falling on the opposite side. It should be noted that at this stage, the waste ring 18 remains on the outside of the punch 23. The final operational phase of the project is shown in Figure 6D, where several situations occur simultaneously. When the die 12 is returned to its original position, the ejector pin 21 is retracted and the peeling sleeve 25 is extended to be flush with the end face of the punch, thereby forcing the scrap ring 18 to leave the end of the punch and as indicated by the arrow Shows falling from the device due to gravity. Then, the peeling sleeve 25 is retracted to its original position flush with the end face of the holder 19. Now that the components of the punch assembly are in the same position as shown in Figure 6A, they are ready to accept the next holder sent by the conveying mechanism. At this point, the operation cycle is complete. It should be understood that various other changes or modifications can be made to the present invention. Based on the above description, these changes or modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. However, the present invention is only limited by the following claims and the equivalent of 1221432. Restricted. (V) Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a top view of a multi-engineering cold forging device of the prior art. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the cold forging apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a holder formed by a prior art method. Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of an anchor made by the present invention and an enlarged view of an area thereof. Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the components corresponding to the sixth forging process of the present invention shown in Fig. 2; Figures 6A to 6D are partial side sectional views showing the cold forging apparatus sequentially operated in accordance with the present invention. [Description of component symbols] 8 punch 9 punch 11 reciprocating punch block 12 punch 13 punch module 14 'punch assembly 15 metal block 16 holder 17 raw material rod 18 scrap ring 13- 1221432 19 holder 20 die channel 21 Push pin 23 _L. Angle punch 25 Peeling sleeve 27 Trimming plate