TW594276B - Reflective liquid crystal display unit - Google Patents
Reflective liquid crystal display unit Download PDFInfo
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- TW594276B TW594276B TW92136725A TW92136725A TW594276B TW 594276 B TW594276 B TW 594276B TW 92136725 A TW92136725 A TW 92136725A TW 92136725 A TW92136725 A TW 92136725A TW 594276 B TW594276 B TW 594276B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004983 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
594276 五、發明說明（1) 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種反射式液晶顯示單元，更特別有關 於一種具有吸光層之反射式液晶顯示單元，其吸光層係設 於一基板與一液晶層間，用以吸收外界光線，以減少鬼影 現象之產生。 【先前技術】 一反射式液晶顯示器（R e f 1 e c t i v e L C D )因不需背光 源，具有省電、輕薄短小、適合長時間戶外使用等特性， 近年來係已廣泛被應用在如：手機、個人數位助理 (PDA)、電子書等攜帶式電子產品上。 另外，由於資訊化時代的來臨，大量的資訊需要安置及 儲存在更小的空間中，因而研發輕薄短小且具有良好的顯 示效果，並易於使用的電子裝置是十分迫切的。然而，表 面穩定膽固醇結構的液晶（S S C T L C D ; s u r f a c e stabilized cholesterol texture)是一種最符合上述需 求的液晶顯示螢幕，其係為反射式液晶顯示器的一種，其 具省電、輕薄短小等特性，因而常被應用在對顯示影像更 新要求不高，且需長時間維持在使用狀態下的產品，一般 而言，SSCT LCD模組可以讓螢幕連續顯示資訊長達數小 時，數週甚至數月而不需要消耗電力，因此在電子書，電 子文件顯示幕等產品受到廣泛的應用。 如第1圖所示，其係顯示一習知表面穩定膽固醇結構的 液晶顯不早元之不意圖。其顯不^一液晶顯不早元1 ’液晶 顯示單元1包含了一第一基板2以及一第二基板3，第一基594276 V. Description of the invention (1) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a reflective liquid crystal display unit, and more particularly to a reflective liquid crystal display unit having a light absorbing layer, and the light absorbing layer is provided on a substrate. And a liquid crystal layer for absorbing external light to reduce ghosting. [Prior technology] A reflective LCD (Reef 1 ective LCD) does not require a backlight, has the characteristics of power saving, thin and short, suitable for long-term outdoor use, etc. In recent years, it has been widely used in mobile phones, personal Digital assistants (PDA), e-books and other portable electronic products. In addition, due to the advent of the information age, a large amount of information needs to be placed and stored in a smaller space, so it is very urgent to develop electronic devices that are thin, light, short, have good display effects, and are easy to use. However, the surface stabilized cholesterol texture liquid crystal (SSCTLCD) is a type of liquid crystal display screen that best meets the above requirements. It is a type of reflective liquid crystal display, which has the characteristics of power saving, lightness, shortness, and shortness. It is applied to products that do not require high display image updates and need to be kept in use for a long time. Generally speaking, the SSCT LCD module can continuously display information on the screen for hours, weeks or even months without consumption. Electricity is therefore widely used in products such as e-books and electronic file displays. As shown in Fig. 1, this is because the liquid crystal showing a conventional surface-stabilized cholesterol structure is not intended to be premature. Its display is not a liquid crystal display element 1 ′ The liquid crystal display unit 1 includes a first substrate 2 and a second substrate 3, and the first base
00779.ptd 第6頁 五、發明說明（2) 板2與第二基板3間係夾設有_膽固醇液晶層4，且第二基 板3之下表面係汉有一黑色吸光層5。膽固醇液晶層4之一 像素區域間的電壓操作模式，會使得膽固醇液晶層4内之 液晶顆粒7 (LC duplet)的分子結構呈不規則狀排列或 呈規則狀排列。當膽固醇液晶層4内之液晶顆粒7的分子結 構呈不規則狀排列時，一外界光線L丨由第一基板2進入膽 固醇液晶層4後，則會在液晶顆粒7上產生散射 (S c a 11 e r i n g )光S，因此使得該像素區域係呈現明亮狀 態（B R I G Η T)。而當膽固醇液晶層4内之液晶顆粒7的分子結 構呈規則狀排列時，一外界光線L2係可由第一基板2通過 膽固醇液晶層4與第二基板3，最後到達了黑色吸光層5， 並且由黑色吸光層5所吸收，使得像素區域係呈現暗黑狀 態（DARK)。 然而，當膽固醇液晶層4内之液晶顆粒7的分子結構呈規 則狀排列日τ ’對於弟一基板2與弟一基板3而言’由斜向入 射光I在其上下兩介面所造成的反射光R之光徑係會不一 致，導致顯示的影像在有視角的情形下會出現重影現象， 此即為鬼影6 ( Shadow )，因而影響了顯像之品質。 有鑑於此，本發明係提供一種具有吸光層之反射式液晶 顯示單元，其係可應用於散射式（S c a 11 e r i n g )液晶模態 的膽固酵液晶（SSCT )、高分子分散型液晶（PDLC )及高 分子網狀型液晶（PNLC )顯示器中，用以減少鬼影現象， 進而提高其顯像品質。 【發明内谷】00779.ptd Page 6 V. Description of the invention (2) A cholesteric liquid crystal layer 4 is interposed between the plate 2 and the second substrate 3, and a black light absorbing layer 5 is formed on the lower surface of the second substrate 3. The voltage operation mode between one pixel region of the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 4 causes the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 7 (LC duplets) in the cholesterol liquid crystal layer 4 to be arranged irregularly or in a regular shape. When the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 7 in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 4 is irregularly arranged, an external light L 丨 enters the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 4 from the first substrate 2 and scatters on the liquid crystal particles 7 (S ca 11 ering) light S, so that the pixel area is in a bright state (BRIG Η T). When the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 7 in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 4 is regularly arranged, an external light L2 can pass from the first substrate 2 through the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 4 and the second substrate 3, and finally reaches the black light absorbing layer 5, and It is absorbed by the black light absorbing layer 5 so that the pixel area is in a dark state (DARK). However, when the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 7 in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 4 is regularly arranged, τ 'for the first substrate 2 and the third substrate 3', the reflection caused by the oblique incident light I on the upper and lower interfaces thereof The light path of the light R will be inconsistent, causing the displayed image to have a ghost phenomenon under the condition of viewing angle. This is the ghost image 6 (Shadow), which affects the quality of the image. In view of this, the present invention provides a reflective liquid crystal display unit with a light absorbing layer, which is a cholesteric liquid crystal (SSCT) and a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (SSCT) which can be applied to a scattering (Sca 11 ering) liquid crystal mode. PDLC) and polymer reticular liquid crystal (PNLC) displays are used to reduce the ghost phenomenon and further improve its development quality. [Invention Valley]
00779.ptd 第7頁 594276 五、發明說明（3) 本發明之目的係提供一種具有吸光層之反射式液晶顯示 單元，用以達到減少鬼影現象之目的。 本發明之另一目的係提供一種具有吸光層之反射式液晶 顯示單元，用以有效增加對比強度。 為達上述目的，本發明提供一種反射式液晶顯示單元， 其包含一第一基板、一第二基板、一液晶層、一第一電 極、一第二電極以及一吸光層。該液晶層係爽設於該第一 基板與該第二基板間，該第一電極係設於該第一基板與該 液晶層間，該第二電極係設於該第二基板與該液晶層間， 用以配合該第一電極而產生電壓於該液晶層上。該吸光層 係位於該第二基板與該液晶層間，用以吸收從該第一基板 通過該液晶層之外界光線。 根據本發明之具有吸光層之反射式液晶顯示單元，其内 係設有一吸光層，此種配置方式不但能有效增加其對比強 度，更能有效減低鬼影現象之產生。 為了讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更明 顯，下文將配合所附圖示，作詳細說明如下。 【實施方式】 如第2圖所示，其係為根據本發明一實施例之反射式液 晶顯示單元1 0之局部示意圖。液晶顯示單元1 0係為被動矩 陣形式，其包含一第一基板12以及一第二基板14，第一基 板1 2與第二基板1 4間係夾設有一液晶層1 6。本發明實施例 之液晶層1 6較佳為一種散射式液晶材料，例如膽固醇液晶 (SSCT )、高分子分散型液晶（PDLC )或高分子網狀型液00779.ptd Page 7 594276 V. Description of the invention (3) The object of the present invention is to provide a reflective liquid crystal display unit with a light absorbing layer to reduce the ghost phenomenon. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reflective liquid crystal display unit with a light absorbing layer for effectively increasing the contrast intensity. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reflective liquid crystal display unit, which includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light absorbing layer. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first electrode is disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and the second electrode is disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. It is used to cooperate with the first electrode to generate a voltage on the liquid crystal layer. The light absorbing layer is located between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and is used for absorbing light passing from the first substrate through the outer boundary of the liquid crystal layer. The reflective liquid crystal display unit with a light absorbing layer according to the present invention is provided with a light absorbing layer therein. This arrangement method can not only effectively increase its contrast strength, but also effectively reduce the occurrence of ghosting. In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following description will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 2, it is a partial schematic diagram of a reflective liquid crystal display unit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display unit 10 is a passive matrix, which includes a first substrate 12 and a second substrate 14, and a liquid crystal layer 16 is interposed between the first substrate 12 and the second substrate 14. The liquid crystal layer 16 in the embodiment of the present invention is preferably a scattering liquid crystal material, such as cholesterol liquid crystal (SSCT), polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), or polymer network liquid.
00779.ptd 第8頁 〜76 友、發明說明（4) 晶（P N L C )等。另外，第一基板1 2上係設有複數個第一電 極1 8，第二基板1 4上係設有一吸光層2 〇，以及複數個第二 電極2 2 (只有一個第二電極2 2示於第2圖中）係設於吸光 層2 0上。第一電極1 8與第二電極2 2約略相互垂直排列。一 電壓（未顯示）係藉由第一電極1 8.與第二電極2 2而施加於 液晶層1 6上，以控制液晶顯示單元1 〇之明暗狀態。第一電 極1 8與第二電極2 2之電壓操作模式，會使得液晶層丨6内之 液晶顆粒1 7的分子結構係呈不規則狀排列或呈規則狀排 歹丨J 〇 當液晶層1 6内之液晶顆粒1 7的分子結構呈不規則狀排 時’一外界光線L由第一基板12進入液晶層16後，則會在 液晶顆粒1 7上產生折射及反射，且經過多次反射與折射俨 產生了散射，使得第一電極18與第二電極22間的液晶顯= 品=二土現明冗狀悲。另外，當液晶層1 6内之液晶顆粒/ j 的分子結構係呈規則狀排列時，該外界光線L係由第_烏 板1 2通過液晶層1 6，最後到達了吸光層2〇，並且由吸光^ 2，收，使得第一電極1 8與第二電極22間的液晶顯示J 域係呈現暗黑狀態。 τ ^ 、=於第二基板1 4之加工製程而言，吸光層2 〇係會先形 於第二基板14上，之後才形成第二電極22，因此， ( t成並不會影響目前習知的製程流程，亦即其並不哈 額外添増其它製程處理，使得本發明之減少鬼影現象及捧 加對比強度等目的係可容易達成的。再者，吸光層2〇係^ 由光阻（Photo resist )、黑色樹脂（Resin )或氧化路00779.ptd Page 8 ~ 76 Friends, Description of Invention (4) Crystal (P N L C), etc. In addition, the first substrate 12 is provided with a plurality of first electrodes 18, the second substrate 14 is provided with a light absorbing layer 20, and the plurality of second electrodes 2 2 (only one second electrode 22 is shown (Figure 2) is provided on the light absorbing layer 20. The first electrode 18 and the second electrode 22 are arranged approximately perpendicular to each other. A voltage (not shown) is applied to the liquid crystal layer 16 through the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 22 to control the light and dark state of the liquid crystal display unit 10. The voltage operation mode of the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 22 causes the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 17 in the liquid crystal layer 6 to be arranged in an irregular or regular pattern. J 〇 When the liquid crystal layer 1 When the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 17 in 6 is irregularly arranged, after an external light L enters the liquid crystal layer 16 from the first substrate 12, it will cause refraction and reflection on the liquid crystal particles 17 and undergo multiple reflections. Scattered with the refraction 使得, so that the liquid crystal between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 22 is apparently redundant. In addition, when the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles / j in the liquid crystal layer 16 is regularly arranged, the external light L passes through the liquid crystal layer 16 from the U_12th plate, and finally reaches the light absorbing layer 20, and By absorbing light ^ 2 and closing, the liquid crystal display J-domain system between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 22 is in a dark state. τ ^, = In terms of the manufacturing process of the second substrate 14, the light absorbing layer 20 is first formed on the second substrate 14, and then the second electrode 22 is formed. Therefore, (t% does not affect the current practice The known process flow, that is, it does not add additional process treatments, so that the purposes of the present invention to reduce ghosting and increase contrast intensity can be easily achieved. Furthermore, the light-absorbing layer 20 is made of light. (Photo resist), black resin (Resin), or oxidation path
00779.ptd 第9頁 594276 五、發明說明（5) 與絡（CrO/Cr )等材料形成，而於此一實施例中，較佳係可 由光阻形成。 如第3圖所示，其係為根據本發明另一實施例之反射式 液晶顯示單元11 〇之局部示意圖。液晶顯示單元11 〇係為主 動矩陣形式，其包含一第一基板112以及一第二基板114， 第一基板1 1 2與第二基板11 4間係夾設有一液晶層1 1 6以及 選擇性地用以界定二基板1 1 2、1 1 4間隔的間隙子1 1 5 (Spacer )。液晶層116較佳為一種散射式液晶材料，例 如膽固醇液晶、高分子分散型液晶或高分子網狀型液晶 等。另外，第一基板1 1 2與液晶層1 1 6間係設有一第一電極 118 以及一薄膜電晶體（Thin Film Transistor ;TFT) 1 1 9，第二基板1 1 4上係設有一吸光層1 2 0，以及一第二電 極1 2 2係設於吸光層1 2 0上。第一電極1 1 8係電性連接於薄 膜電晶體11 9之汲極1 1 9 a上，且一電壓係藉由第一電極1 1 8 與第二電極1 2 2而施加於液晶層1 1 6上，以控制液晶顯示單 元1 1 0之明暗狀態。較佳地，第一電極1 1 8上係設有一第一 配向膜（alignment layer) 124，而第二電極122上係設 有一第二配向膜1 2 6，以使液晶層11 6之液晶分子被排列於 一適當方向。 第一電極1 18與第二電極122之電壓操作模式，會使得液 晶層11 6内之液晶顆粒11 7的分子結構係呈不規則狀排列或 呈規則狀排列。當液晶層11 6内之液晶顆粒11 7的分子結構 係呈不規則狀排列時，一外界光線L由第一基板11 2進入液 晶層1 1 6後，則會在液晶顆粒1 1 7上產生折射及反射’且级00779.ptd Page 9 594276 V. Description of the invention (5) It is formed with materials such as CrO / Cr. In this embodiment, it may be formed by photoresist. As shown in FIG. 3, it is a partial schematic diagram of a reflective liquid crystal display unit 110 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display unit 110 is an active matrix form, which includes a first substrate 112 and a second substrate 114. A liquid crystal layer 1 16 and a selective layer are interposed between the first substrate 1 12 and the second substrate 114. The ground is used to define the spacers 1 1 5 (Spacer) spaced between the two substrates 1 1 2 and 1 1 4. The liquid crystal layer 116 is preferably a scattering type liquid crystal material, such as a cholesteric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal or a polymer network liquid crystal. In addition, a first electrode 118 and a thin film transistor (TFT) 1 1 9 are provided between the first substrate 1 12 and the liquid crystal layer 1 1 6, and a light absorbing layer is provided on the second substrate 1 1 4. 1 2 0 and a second electrode 1 2 2 are disposed on the light absorbing layer 12 2. The first electrode 1 1 8 is electrically connected to the drain electrode 1 1 9 a of the thin film transistor 11 9, and a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 1 through the first electrode 1 1 8 and the second electrode 1 2 2. 16 to control the light and dark state of the liquid crystal display unit 110. Preferably, a first alignment layer 124 is provided on the first electrode 1 18, and a second alignment film 1 2 6 is provided on the second electrode 122, so that the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 116 are formed. Aligned in a proper direction. The voltage operation mode of the first electrode 118 and the second electrode 122 causes the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 11 17 in the liquid crystal layer 116 to be arranged irregularly or in a regular shape. When the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 11 7 in the liquid crystal layer 116 is arranged irregularly, an external light L enters the liquid crystal layer 1 1 6 from the first substrate 11 2, and then is generated on the liquid crystal particles 1 1 7. Refraction and reflection '
00779.ptd 第10頁 594276 五、發明說明（6) 過多次反射與折射係產生了散射，使得第一電極11 8與第 二電極1 2 2間的液晶顯示區域係呈現明亮狀態。另外，當 液晶層1 1 6内之液晶顆粒1 1 7的分子結構係呈規則狀排列 時，外界光線L係由第一基板11 2通過液晶層1 1 6以及第二 電極1 2 2，最後到達了吸光層1 2 0，並且由吸光層1 2 0所吸 故，使得第一電極11 8與第二電極1 2 2間的液晶顯示區域係 呈現暗黑狀態。 於此一實施例中，吸光層1 2 0係可由光阻（Ph 〇 t 〇 resist)、黑色樹脂或氧化鉻與鉻等材料形成。 於第3圖之實施例中，主動矩陣形式之液晶顯示單元1 1 〇 係可藉由目前習知的薄膜電晶體（TFT )基板與彩色濾光 片（CF )基板之組合以及液晶注入等製程而輕易獲得，其 關鍵係在於將習知彩色濾光片基板上的彩色濾光片以一吸 光層替代即可完成。 如第4圖所示’其係為根據本發明另一實施例之反射式 液晶顯示單元2 1 〇之局部示意圖。液晶顯示單元2丨〇係同樣 為主動矩陣形式，在此實施例中，吸光層2 2 〇係設於薄膜 ，晶體219與第二電極22 2之間，有別於第3圖之液晶顯示 單兀1 1 0。液晶顯示單元2 1 0包含一第一基板2 1 2以及一第 一基板214，第一基板21 2與第二基板214間係夾設有一液 晶層2 1 6以及選擇性地用以均衡上述二基板2丨2、2丨4間隔 的間隙子215，而液晶層216較佳為一種散射式液晶材料， 曰曰 例如膽固醇液晶、高分子分散型液晶或高分子網狀型液 等000779.ptd Page 10 594276 V. Description of the invention (6) The reflection and refraction system has scattered many times, so that the liquid crystal display area between the first electrode 118 and the second electrode 1 22 appears bright. In addition, when the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 1 1 7 in the liquid crystal layer 1 1 6 is regularly arranged, the external light L passes from the first substrate 11 2 through the liquid crystal layer 1 1 6 and the second electrode 1 2 2, and finally The light-absorbing layer 12 reaches the light-absorbing layer 120 and is absorbed by the light-absorbing layer 120, so that the liquid crystal display area between the first electrode 118 and the second electrode 12 is in a dark state. In this embodiment, the light absorbing layer 120 may be formed of a material such as a photoresist, a black resin, or chromium oxide and chromium. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the active matrix liquid crystal display unit 110 can be manufactured by a combination of a conventionally known thin film transistor (TFT) substrate and a color filter (CF) substrate, and a liquid crystal injection process. For easy access, the key is to replace the color filter on the conventional color filter substrate with a light absorbing layer. As shown in FIG. 4, it is a partial schematic diagram of a reflective liquid crystal display unit 2 1 0 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display unit 2 is also in the form of an active matrix. In this embodiment, the light absorbing layer 2 2 0 is provided in a thin film, between the crystal 219 and the second electrode 22 2, which is different from the liquid crystal display unit in FIG. 3. Wu 1 1 0. The liquid crystal display unit 2 10 includes a first substrate 2 1 2 and a first substrate 214. A liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 is interposed between the first substrate 21 2 and the second substrate 214 and is selectively used to balance the two. The substrates 2 丨 2, 2 丨 4 are spaced apart by spacers 215, and the liquid crystal layer 216 is preferably a scattering liquid crystal material, such as cholesteric liquid crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or polymer network liquid.
00779.ptd 第11頁 594276 五、發明說明（7) 第一基板2 12上係設有一第一電極218，第二基板214上 係設有一薄膜電晶體219，以及一吸光層2 2 0係設於薄膜電 晶體2 1 9上，又，吸光層2 2 0上係具有一通孔2 2 0 a。一第二 電極2 2 2係設於吸光層2 2 0上，且係藉由通孔2 2 0 a而與薄膜 電晶體21 9之汲極2 1 9a電性連接。一電壓（未顯示）係藉 由第一電極2 1 8與第二電極2 2 2而施加於液晶層2 1 6上，以 控制液晶顯示單元2 1 0之明暗狀態。較佳地，第一電極2 1 8 上係設有一第一配向膜（未顯示），而第二電極2 2 2上係 設有一第二配向膜（未顯示），以使液晶層2 1 6之液晶分 子被排列於一適當方向。 當液晶層2 1 6内之液晶顆粒2 1 7的分子結構係呈不規則狀 排列時，一外界光線L由第一基板2 1 2進入液晶層2 1 6後， 則會在液晶顆粒2 1 7上產生折射及反射，且經過多次反射 與折射係產生了散射，使得第一電極2 1 8與第二電極2 2 2間 的液晶顯示區域係呈現明亮狀態。另外，當液晶層2 1 6内 之液晶顆粒2 1 7的分子結構係呈規則狀排列時，外界光線l 係由第一基板2 1 2通過液晶層2 1 6以及第二電極2 2 2，最後 到達了吸光層2 2 0，並且由吸光層2 2 0所吸收，使得第一電 極2 1 8與第二電極2 2 2間的液晶顯示區域係呈現暗黑狀態。 如第5圖所示’其係為根據本發明另一實施例之反射式 液晶顯示單元2 1 0之局部示意圖。液晶顯示單元2丨〇係同樣 為主動矩陣形式。液晶顯示單元2 1 〇包含一第一基板2丨2以 及一第二基板214，第一基板212與第二基板2 14間係夾設 有一液晶層2 1 6以及選擇性地用以均衡上述二基板2丨2、00779.ptd Page 11 594276 V. Description of the invention (7) A first electrode 218 is provided on the first substrate 2 12, a thin film transistor 219 is provided on the second substrate 214, and a light absorbing layer 2 2 0 is provided. The thin film transistor 2 1 9 is provided with a through hole 2 2 0 a on the light absorbing layer 2 2 0. A second electrode 2 2 2 is disposed on the light absorbing layer 2 2 0 and is electrically connected to the drain electrode 2 1 9a of the thin film transistor 21 9 through the through hole 2 2 0 a. A voltage (not shown) is applied to the liquid crystal layer 2 16 through the first electrode 2 1 8 and the second electrode 2 2 2 to control the light and dark state of the liquid crystal display unit 2 10. Preferably, a first alignment film (not shown) is provided on the first electrode 2 1 8, and a second alignment film (not shown) is provided on the second electrode 2 2 2 so that the liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 The liquid crystal molecules are aligned in an appropriate direction. When the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 2 1 7 in the liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 is irregularly arranged, after an external light L enters the liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 from the first substrate 2 1 2, the liquid crystal particles 2 1 6 Refraction and reflection are generated on 7, and scattering is generated after multiple reflection and refraction systems, so that the liquid crystal display area between the first electrode 2 1 8 and the second electrode 2 2 2 appears bright. In addition, when the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 2 1 7 in the liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 is regularly arranged, the external light 1 passes from the first substrate 2 1 2 through the liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 and the second electrode 2 2 2. Finally, it reaches the light absorbing layer 2 2 0 and is absorbed by the light absorbing layer 2 2 0, so that the liquid crystal display area between the first electrode 2 1 8 and the second electrode 2 2 2 is in a dark state. As shown in Fig. 5 ', it is a partial schematic diagram of a reflective liquid crystal display unit 2 10 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal display unit 2 is also in the form of an active matrix. The liquid crystal display unit 2 10 includes a first substrate 2 2 and a second substrate 214. A liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 is interposed between the first substrate 212 and the second substrate 2 14 and is selectively used to balance the two. Substrate 2 丨 2
00779.ptd 第12頁 594276 五、發明說明（8) 2 1 4間隔的間隙子2 1 5，而液晶層2 1 6較佳為一種散射式液 晶材料，例如膽固醇液晶、高分子分散型液晶或高分子網 狀型液晶等。 第一基板212上係設有一第一電極218，第二基板214上 係設有一薄膜電晶體219，其主要具有一汲極21 9a、一閘 極2 19b及一源極21 9e。一吸光層224係設於薄膜電晶體2 19 與一第二電極2 3 0之間。另外，一第一保護層2 1 9 f係設於 薄膜電晶體2 1 9與吸光層2 24之間，一第二保護層2 2 6係設 於第二電極230與吸光層224之間。一通孔228係貫穿第二 保護層2 2 6、吸光層2 24與第一保護層21 9f，使汲極2 19a之 一部分露出，第二電極2 3 0係設於第二保護層2 2 6與通孔 2 28上，使第二電極2 3 0與汲極21 9a電性連接。一電壓（未 顯示）係藉由第一電極2 18與第二電極2 3 0而施加於液晶層 2 1 6上’以控制液晶顯示單元2 1 〇之明暗狀態。較佳地，吸 光層2 2 4係可由光阻、黑色樹脂或氧化鉻與鉻等材料形 成。 菖液a曰層2 1 6内之液晶顆粒2 1 7的分子結構传呈不頻則狀 排列時，-外界光線L由第一基板2丨2進入^ 2=J ’ 則會在液晶顆粒2 1 7上產生折射及反射，且經過多次反射 與折射係產生了散射，使得第一電極2 1 8與第二電極2 3 〇間 的液晶顯示區域係呈現明亮狀態。另外，當液晶層2丨6内 之液晶顆粒2 1 7的分子結構係呈規則狀排列時，外界光線L 係由第一基板212通過液晶層216以及第二電極23〇，最後 到達了吸光層22 4，並且由吸光層22 4所吸收，使得第一電00779.ptd Page 12 594276 V. Description of the invention (8) 2 1 4 spaced spacers 2 1 5 and the liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 is preferably a scattering liquid crystal material, such as cholesterol liquid crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal or Polymer mesh type liquid crystal and the like. A first electrode 218 is provided on the first substrate 212, and a thin film transistor 219 is provided on the second substrate 214. The thin film transistor 219 mainly includes a drain electrode 21 9a, a gate electrode 2 19b, and a source electrode 21 9e. A light absorbing layer 224 is disposed between the thin film transistor 2 19 and a second electrode 2 3 0. In addition, a first protective layer 2 1 9 f is provided between the thin film transistor 2 19 and the light absorbing layer 2 24, and a second protective layer 2 2 6 is provided between the second electrode 230 and the light absorbing layer 224. A through-hole 228 penetrates the second protective layer 2 2 6, the light absorbing layer 2 24 and the first protective layer 21 9f, so that a part of the drain electrode 2 19a is exposed, and the second electrode 2 3 0 is provided on the second protective layer 2 2 6 And the through hole 2 28, the second electrode 2 3 0 and the drain electrode 21 9a are electrically connected. A voltage (not shown) is applied to the liquid crystal layer 2 1 6 through the first electrode 2 18 and the second electrode 2 30 to control the light and dark state of the liquid crystal display unit 2 1 0. Preferably, the light absorbing layer 2 2 4 is formed of a material such as photoresist, black resin, or chromium oxide and chromium. When the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 2 1 7 in the layer 2 1 6 is arranged irregularly, the external light L enters from the first substrate 2 丨 2 ^ 2 = J ', and then the liquid crystal particles 2 Refraction and reflection are generated on 17, and scattering is generated after multiple reflection and refraction systems, so that the liquid crystal display area between the first electrode 2 18 and the second electrode 230 is bright. In addition, when the molecular structure of the liquid crystal particles 2 1 7 in the liquid crystal layer 2 丨 6 is regularly arranged, the external light L passes through the liquid crystal layer 216 and the second electrode 23 from the first substrate 212 and finally reaches the light absorbing layer. 22 4 and is absorbed by the light absorbing layer 22 4 so that the first electric
00779.ptd 第13頁 594276 五、發明說明（9) 極2 1 8與第二電極2 3 0間的液晶顯示區域係呈現暗黑狀態。 此外，當吸光層2 2 4為絕緣材質時，則可取代第一保護 層2 1 9 f而作為保護層，以簡化製程。 於上述實施例中，第一電極與第二電極係由透明電極， 例如氧化銦錫（I TO )所形成。薄膜電晶體則具有一閘極、 一沒極以及一源極。 本發明之反射式液晶顯示單元之特徵係在於將一吸光層 如··光阻（P h 〇 t 〇 r e s i s t )、黑色樹脂（R e s i η )或氧化 鉻與鉻（C r 0 / C r )等材料形成於一第二基板與一液晶層間， 使得當一外界光線由一第一基板通過液晶層後，被吸光層 所吸收，以達到減少鬼影、增加對比強度之目的。 雖然本發明已以前述較佳實施例揭示，然其並非用以限 定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和 範圍内，當可作各種之更動與修改。因此本發明之保護範 圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。00779.ptd Page 13 594276 V. Description of the invention (9) The liquid crystal display area between the electrodes 2 1 8 and the second electrode 2 30 is dark. In addition, when the light-absorbing layer 2 2 4 is an insulating material, the first protective layer 2 1 9 f can be used as a protective layer to simplify the manufacturing process. In the above embodiment, the first electrode and the second electrode are formed of transparent electrodes, such as indium tin oxide (I TO). The thin film transistor has a gate, an electrode and a source. The reflective liquid crystal display unit of the present invention is characterized in that a light absorbing layer such as a photoresist (Ph 〇t 〇resist), a black resin (Resi), or chromium oxide and chromium (C r 0 / C r) The material is formed between a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer, so that when an external light passes through the liquid crystal layer from a first substrate, it is absorbed by the light absorbing layer, so as to reduce ghosts and increase contrast intensity. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the foregoing preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.
00779.ptd 第14頁 594276 圖式簡單說明 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示一習知表面穩定膽固醇結構的液晶顯示單 元之示意圖。 第2圖係為根據本發明一實施例之反射式液晶顯示單元 之局部不意圖。 第3圖係為根據本發明另一實施例之反射式液晶顯示單 7C之局部不意圖。 第4圖係為根據本發明另一實施例之反射式液晶顯示單 元之局部示意圖。 第5圖係為根據本發明另一實施例之反射式液晶顯示單 元之局部示意圖。 圖號說明： BRIGHT 明 DARK 暗 望 L 、LI 、L2 外 界 光 線 I 斜 向 入 射 光 S 散 射 光 R 反 射 光 1 ^ 1 0 、1 1 0 >210 液 晶 顯 示 單 元 2 、1 2 、1 1 2 >212 第 一 基 板 3 、14 、1 1 4 、21 4 第 二 基 板 4 膽 固 醇 液 晶 層00779.ptd Page 14 594276 Schematic description [Schematic description] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display unit with a conventional surface-stabilized cholesterol structure. Fig. 2 is a partial view of a reflective liquid crystal display unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial view of a reflective liquid crystal display unit 7C according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a reflective liquid crystal display unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of a reflective liquid crystal display unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. Drawing number description: BRIGHT, DARK, L, LI, L2 Outside light I Oblique incident light S Scattered light R Reflected light 1 ^ 1 0, 1 1 0 > 210 LCD display unit 2, 1 2, 1 1 2 > 212 first substrate 3, 14, 1 1 4 and 21 4 second substrate 4 cholesteric liquid crystal layer
00779.ptd 第15頁 594276 圖式簡單說明 5 s 色 吸 、卜 兀 層 6 鬼 影 7、1 7、1 1 7、 21 7 液 晶 顆 粒 16 ^ 116、 216 液 晶 層 18、 118、 218 第 電 極 20 > 120、 22 0 Λ 224 吸 光 層 11、 122 > 222 > 230 第 -- 電 極 115 、215 間 隙 子 119 、219 薄 膜 電 晶 體 119a 、219 a 汲 極 124 第 — 配 向 膜 126 第 二 配 向 膜 219b 閘 極 219e 源 極 21 9f 第 一 保 護 層 2 2 0a 、228 通 孔 226 第 二 保 護 層00779.ptd Page 15 594276 Schematic description 5 s color absorption, layer 6 Ghost image 7, 1 7, 1 1 7, 21 7 Liquid crystal particles 16 ^ 116, 216 Liquid crystal layer 18, 118, 218 Second electrode 20 > 120, 22 0 Λ 224 light absorbing layer 11, 122 > 222 > 230 first-electrode 115, 215 gap 119, 219 thin film transistor 119a, 219 a drain 124 second-alignment film 126 second alignment film 219b Gate 219e Source 21 9f First protective layer 2 2 0a, 228 Through hole 226 Second protective layer
00779.ptd 第16頁00779.ptd Page 16
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