TW593008B - Rotation speed sensor and power assist bicycle having such rotation speed sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotation speed sensor 220, which can be easily manufactured and which can be simply assembled to a detected section to realize space-saving and lightweight. The rotation speed sensor 220 that is used to detect the rotation speed of a detected section (gear 210) comprises a flat ring magnet 200 that has a substantially flat surface arranged substantially co-axial with respect to the gear; a Hall device 212 that detects magnetic field at a fixed position adjacent to the surface of the ring magnet; and a controller 14 that detects the rotation speed of the gear in accordance with the magnetic field signal. The substantially flat surface of the ring magnet 200 forms a plurality of magnet sections (202, 204), and in each magnet section, magnetic poles (N pole and S pole) that are alternating in a circumferential direction face the surface.

Description

MM-Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Ministry of Economics and Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education 5. Description of the Invention (1) [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a sense of rotational speed for detecting the rotational speed of a rotating body in order to detect the speed of a bicycle or the like And a power-assisted bicycle provided with the sensor, and a power-assisted bicycle that adds auxiliary power to the pedaling force of the pedal. [Background of the Invention] Generally, a bicycle is provided with a meter for displaying the speed of the bicycle to improve the safety in operation. In addition, according to the detected pedaling force, the electric torque of the electric motor is added to the pedaling force to assist the manpower. The electric bicycle needs to detect the vehicle speed for safe assistance. A rotation speed sensor generally used to detect the speed of a bicycle is used to detect a rotating body such as a rotating disk / gear that rotates with the walking of the bicycle or with the rotation of the pedal. Settings. Conventionally, for example, a metal rotor having a plurality of irregularities formed on the outer peripheral surface at equal intervals is used as the rotating body, and a sensor that generates a high-frequency magnetic field is mounted near the rotor toward the irregular surface. On one of the concave or convex surfaces facing the sensor, an eddy current is generated by a high-frequency magnetic field from the sensor. Therefore, the sensor can detect a magnetic field generated by the eddy current or detect a change in inductance of the coil. Since the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor and the sensor changes with the rotation of the rotating body due to the uneven surface, the strength of the magnetic field generated by the eddy current or the inductance of the detection coil also changes. Since this fluctuation period is inversely proportional to the rotation speed of the rotating body, the rotation speed of the rotating body and even the speed of the bicycle can be detected by extracting the fluctuation period of the signal strength detected from the sensor. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 312506----------- · I ------ Order · -------- ( Please read the phonetic on the back? Matters before filling out this page) 593008 Printed by A7, Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of Invention (2) In addition, another conventional technique is shown in Figure 17, using a torus The convex magnets arranged at equal intervals on the surface of the band are used as the rotating body, and a Hall element is provided adjacent to the circular body. Similar to the above-mentioned conventional technique, if the period of variation of the magnetic field intensity detected by the Hall element is detected, the rotation speed of the torus can be detected. However, regardless of any of the above-mentioned conventional technologies, the use of a large rotator with bumps not only makes it difficult to manufacture, but also occupies the jade room in the body frame of the bicycle, and the weight increases due to the need to increase the rigidity of the bump problem. Therefore, for a bicycle having a conventional body structure, it is difficult to install a vehicle speed detection mechanism such as the conventional technology without changing the body frame. In particular, for power-assisted bicycles that require a new torque detection mechanism and electric motor, a vehicle speed detection mechanism with the above problems is not suitable. [Summary of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned facts, and an object thereof is to provide a rotation speed sensor that is easy to manufacture, simplifies assembly of a vehicle body, and achieves space saving and weight reduction, and is provided with the rotation. Speed-sensing bicycles with simple mechanisms that reduce changes to the conventional body frame to a minimum, especially power-assisted bicycles. The present invention is a rotation speed sensor for detecting the rotation speed of a detected part, and is characterized in that it includes a ring magnet (ring magnet) that can be mounted to rotate substantially concentrically with the detected part and has a substantially flat surface. ); A magnetic field detection mechanism that detects a magnetic field at a fixed position adjacent to the surface of the ring-shaped magnet; and based on the magnetic field signal detected by the magnetic field detection mechanism, the detected paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ( 210 X 297 male ") 312506 ------------ install -------- order --- (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) A7 B7 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (3) The signal processing mechanism that measures the rotation speed of the department or the physical quantity associated with it. In order to generate a magnetic field that changes spatially at a predetermined angular period along the circumferential direction on the surface. In the present invention, since a plurality of magnet segments are formed on the substantially flat surface of the ring-shaped magnet to generate a periodic magnetic field change in the circumferential direction at a predetermined angle along the circumferential direction, the magnetic field detection mechanism detects at a fixed position. The magnetic field varies with the predetermined angular period and the period corresponding to the rotation speed of the ring magnet. Therefore, the signal processing mechanism can detect the rotation speed of the ring magnet and even the rotation speed of the detected part from the period of the detected magnetic field signal. In the present invention, since a plurality of magnet segments are provided on a substantially flat surface having no unevenness, and a magnetic field detection mechanism is disposed adjacent to the surface, space saving can be achieved both in the radial direction and the axial direction of the ring-shaped magnet. _ Here, as long as the shape and arrangement of the magnet segments can generate a magnetic field that changes spatially at a predetermined angular period along the circumferential direction, any shape can be adopted. It is preferable that the opening angle of the two adjacent magnet sections is formed into a predetermined angular period and changed in a sine wave shape. For example, a plurality of magnet segments may be formed in such a manner that magnetic poles that are alternately reversed in the circumferential direction are directed toward the substantially flat surface of the ring magnet. That is, it is preferable that among the plurality of magnet segments arranged in a wheel shape along the circumferential direction, any two adjacent magnet segments must be composed of N poles and S poles having equal magnetic fields. Here, if the angles formed by the plurality of magnet segments are substantially equal, the space periods can be made equal to each other. As mentioned above, a circle forming the angle occupied by the two magnet segments can be generated ------------- ^ -------- t --------- line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

593008 Printed by A7 of the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. The description of the invention (, and the magnetic field changes spatially. At this time, because the intensity of the magnetic field changes from N poles to s poles in a space cycle, so The magnetic field waveform becomes steeper, and the rotation speed detection of the signal processing mechanism can be performed with high accuracy. In addition, since the N pole and the S pole are adjacent, the viewpoint of maintaining the magnetism of the magnet segment is also very suitable. Furthermore, the adjacent magnet The segments are connected to each other, that is, the area efficiency of the ring magnet can be improved by eliminating unmagnetized areas. It is preferable that each of the plurality of magnet segments has one magnetic pole facing the surface and the other magnetic pole facing the surface. The surface on the opposite side. Furthermore, it is preferable that the directions connecting the two magnetic poles of each magnet segment are aligned in a substantially parallel manner toward the axial direction of the ring magnet. Therefore, the magnetic field on the ring magnet can be enhanced and increased. Detection accuracy, and its magnetism can also be maintained well. For example, a ring magnet can be made by magnetizing each segment of a ring-shaped ferromagnetic body. In addition, it can also connect phases It is made of magnets in the magnet segment. Therefore, its manufacturing is extremely simple. As long as it is a ring shape of topology (t〇p〇gy), it can take any shape. For example, it contains N magnet segments In this case, it can be formed in a regular N-shaped pattern with a hole in the center. In addition, the ring magnet is formed in a ring shape with a hole in the center. It is preferable to have symmetry for the magnetic field or ease of assembly of the detected part. And other advantages. Furthermore, it is desirable that the ring magnet is formed into a sheet shape having substantially a constant thickness. This makes it easier and lighter to assemble the detected part. At this time, if the ring magnet is used, The magnet is flexible, so it will be easier to assemble the inspected part. A preferred aspect of the present invention is that the ring-type magnet is housed in a standard liiTiii standard (CNS) A4, which is 张 0 x 297. Gongfa ^ 12506 (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) -------- Order ---------. 593008

A7 ----- ^ ~ _-____ 5. Description of the invention (5) In the groove of the detection part. This can reduce the space occupied by the rotation speed sensor. Further, if the surface of the ring-shaped magnet housed in the groove is made the same as the surface outside the groove described above of the part to be detected, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to provide unevenness to the conventional part a to be detected. In addition, if the ring-type magnet is fixed in the groove with an adhesive, assembly can be simplified. As for the magnetic field detection mechanism, in the viewpoint of the accuracy of magnetic field detection and space saving, it is better to use Hall elements. The rotation speed sensor of the present invention can be used as a mechanism for detecting the speed of a bicycle that transmits a pedaling force of a pedal to the wheels. In this case, a portion directly rotating due to the pedal pedal force, such as a drive shaft, a sprocket, or a gear of the drive wheel, can be used as a detected portion of the rotation speed sensor. In addition, as a result of the bicycle running by the pedal pedaling force, a rotating portion ', such as a spoke portion of a wheel, may be used as the detected portion. It is also possible to provide a conversion mechanism for converting the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor into the running speed of the bicycle. The instrument can be used to display the walking speed and accumulated walking distance, which can display the walking speed or walking distance to the passenger. The rotation speed sensor of the present invention is very suitable for a power-assisted bicycle in which auxiliary power corresponding to the pedaling force acting on a driving shaft is added to the pedaling force in parallel to travel. A power-assisted bicycle according to the best aspect of the present invention includes: a detected part that rotates due to a pedal pedaling force; and a rotation speed of the present invention installed in the power-assisted bicycle to detect a rotation speed of the detected part. Sensor; Connect the drive shaft with the sprocket to rotate the drive shaft in one direction only. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ~~ 5 312506-^ -------- ^ --------- Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy 593008 A7 ------ —------- JB7______ V. Description of the invention (6) One-way clutch mechanism transmitted to the sprocket; a detection mechanism for detecting a physical quantity that changes corresponding to the deformation of the pedal force of the one-way clutch mechanism. ; And a control mechanism that controls the auxiliary power based on at least the physical quantity detected by the rotation measurement mechanism of the detection section detected by the rotation speed sensor ^ In this aspect of the present invention, a pedal pedal is applied to force the drive shaft toward a When rotating in the direction (corresponding to the forward direction of the bicycle), the pedal torque Communicated by the one-way clutch mechanism to the sprocket. The key wheel, for example, pulls from the key bar to act as a load. 'Due to the opposing junction stress of the load and pedal torque, the one-way clutch mechanism is deformed and / or its constituent elements are displaced in the direction of deformation. Deformation. The degree of this deformation depends on the pedal pedaling force. That is, the greater the pedaling force, the greater the degree of deformation, and conversely, if it is reduced, the degree of deformation will decrease. As described above, the above-mentioned antagonism causing the deformation is balanced with the opposing force. As for the force against this antagonism, it is preferable that the unidirectional clutch mechanism has an elastic force to deform and reduce it. For example, an elastic body may be provided to resist the deformation of the one-way clutch mechanism and attach the elastic force. In addition, the constituent elements of the one-way clutch mechanism can also bear at least a part of the elastic force. The deformation of the one-way clutch mechanism is not only the elastic deformation of all or a part of the one-way clutch mechanism, but also the rigid body of the one-way clutch mechanism, that is, the change of the relative position (including rotation) between the components. In order to make the above-mentioned deformation caused by the pedaling force more efficient, the one-way clutch mechanism is preferably extended and contracted in the axial direction of the drive shaft according to the length of the pedaling force. The detecting mechanism detects a physical quantity that changes due to the deformation caused by the pedaling force of the pedal of the one-way clutch. This physical quantity is not just a one-way clutch mechanism ^ -------- ^ — (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The paper size of this paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297) (%) 6 312506 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 593008 A7 — -------—-- —_____ V. Elements of Invention (7) · ^^, including the one-way clutch Physical quantities of other components of the organization. For example, the position or stress deformation of at least one component constituting the one-way clutch mechanism relative to the single frame, the relative position relationship of the at least one component (the gap, the angle between the components, etc.) constituting the one-way clutch mechanism, and The pressure change of the one-way clutch mechanism that resists the deformation direction and the stress deformation of a component (such as an elastomer) that is set against the one-way clutch mechanism's deformation direction. Since the change of the physical quantity depends on the pedaling force, the control mechanism can infer the pedaling force based on the detected physical quantity, so as to control the auxiliary power. As described above, according to the present invention, since the physical quantity is changed according to the deformation caused by the pedaling force of the pedal of the one-way clutch mechanism indispensable in the configuration of the bicycle to control the auxiliary power, it is not necessary to add the conventional bicycle which is not used as the conventional technology Other components such as large ring springs or disks for torque detection can achieve the above purpose. In the present invention, the elastic body which is suitably arranged to resist the deformation of the one-way clutch mechanism does not need to have a large-sized elastic body because it does not directly bear the antagonizing force and receives the force in the direction of deformation through the one-way clutch mechanism. In addition, since the amount of deformation of the one-way clutch mechanism can be reduced, it can be installed with a substantially flat elastic body having a height smaller than the horizontal width aligned with the height direction of the direction of deformation of the one-way clutch mechanism, thereby significantly reducing space. . As the substantially flat elastic body, for example, a coil spring can be used. In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the one-way clutch mechanism is a ratchet device that expands and contracts in response to the length direction of the pedal force along the axial direction of the drive shaft. A preferred ratchet device includes: a gear wheel forming a plurality of ratchet teeth on an i-th engaging surface, and a pressing portion for forming a plurality of ratchet pressing pieces on a second engaging surface; Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21Qx 297 up--τπ ^ πκ --- I ----------------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 593008 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 _______B7____ V. Description of the invention (8) and the second engaging surface are arranged in a manner substantially perpendicular to the axial direction. At the same time, when the drive shaft rotates in one direction, the ratchet presses When the relative rotation between the pressure part and the teeth is locked, the ratchet teeth are engaged, and when the drive shaft is rotated in the opposite direction, the 'ratchet pressure piece can be relatively rotated to release the engagement with the ratchet teeth. Any one of the tooth portion and the pressing portion can slide in the axial direction and is installed on the drive shaft via a rotation prevention mechanism to prevent relative rotation of the drive shaft. The other side is connected to the sprocket. In the best form of the invention, it is installed in a slidable manner via a rotation prevention mechanism. Either the axial tooth portion and the tablet portion can abut on the back of the opposite side of the fastening surface to support the elastic mechanism. The detection mechanism is preferably a deformation detection sensor that detects the stress and deformation of the elastic mechanism. In addition, it is preferable to use a space-saving coil spring as the elastic mechanism, and use a plurality of deformation measurement devices provided on the surface of the coil spring as the deformation detection sensor. According to the above aspect, not only the torque detection mechanism and the component parts must be provided. The one-way clutch mechanism also uses a coil spring that integrates the load-bearing unit and the load detection sensor in the part that detects the elastic mechanism and the pedal torque, so the effect of the present invention can be further improved. Furthermore, the present invention Like a mole, the rotation speed sensor takes up almost no space and can be installed in a conventional car body structure. Therefore, it is almost unnecessary to change the body structure of a conventional bicycle and the following excellent effects can be obtained: Lightweight 'simplified electric-assisted bicycle with a brisk running feel. ------------------ ^ --------- (Please read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page again) He like state and the following detailed description with reference to the drawings effects may become more apparent. [Brief Description of Drawings]

593008 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the power-assisted bicycle of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a plan view and a side view of an NS split-pole ring magnet constituting the rotation speed sensor of the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a front view of a state in which the ns-dipole ring magnet of Fig. 2 is assembled on the surface of the gear to constitute the rotation speed sensor of the first embodiment, and a side cross-sectional view taken along a vertical line. Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the rotation speed sensor of the first embodiment. Fig. 5 shows a time-varying waveform of a magnetic field signal detected by a Hall element provided adjacent to an NS sub-pole ring magnet. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a torque detection mechanism of a power-assisted bicycle according to a second embodiment in which the rotation speed sensor of the present invention is incorporated. Fig. 7 shows a front view and a side view of a state in which a sprocket and a ratchet device of a power assist bicycle according to a second embodiment of the present invention are fitted. Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a disassembled state of a key wheel and a ratchet tooth. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the mating state of the sprocket and the ratchet device for explaining the axial displacement of the ratchet gear. Fig. 10 is a front view of a sprocket and a sprocket driving gear of the power assisted bicycle according to the second embodiment. Fig. 11 shows a front view and a side view of the sprocket drive gear. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a front view of a sprocket of the third embodiment, and (b) is a side view of a torque detecting mechanism of the third embodiment. Fig. 13 is a side sectional view of a torque detecting mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. II -------- ^ --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 297 Public 9 312506 Ministry of Economic Affairs Wisdom Agricultural Consumer Employees' Cooperative Co., Ltd. printed the farmer ’s fifth, description of the invention (10 diagram is not an exploded perspective view of the ratcheting device constituting the torque detection mechanism of FIG. 13 Fig. 16 shows an example of a ㈣prevention mechanism for preventing relative rotation of the pressing portion to the drive shaft. ⑷ is a ball spline, (b) is a spline record, and ⑷ is a plan view of a schematic configuration of a key slot. Figure 17 shows a perspective view of a conventional rotation speed sensor. [Description of component symbols 1 1 Electric assisted bicycle 2 ^ 70 Sprocket 3 Body frame 4, 42 Drive shaft 5 Drive axis 6L, 6R Curve lever 8L, 8R pedal Plate 10 Rear wheel power mechanism 11 Sprocket power mechanism 12 Chain 13 Drive mechanism 14 Controller 15 Cylindrical bushing (roller shaft) 16 Handle 17a, 17b Roller plate 18 Seat 19 Mounting hole 20 Front wheel 21 Roller 22 Rear wheel 24 ^ 44 teeth 25 ^ 33 recess 34 position sense Gear 35 reduction gear 35a gear shaft 3 7 electric motor 37a rotation Han 38 sprocket body 39 ratchet device 40, 102 ratchet presser 40a front end This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ) 10 312505 " ^ -------- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 116593008 V. Description of the invention (11) 40b

Rear 4 112 Ratchet tooth & 11 8 Steeper bevel 4 Stopper $ Rotation stopper 5 Opening part 5 Disc part 7 138 Bearing? Support stand $ Cylinder receiving part 8 Pressing part j Cylinder part i Pressing part hole J surface 3rd rotation prevention groove 4th rotation prevention groove ψ 110 2nd engaging surface 111 Collar 114 Ratchet tooth 120 Tooth hole 121 1st engaging surface 122 Washer 127 Center hole 128 Lead 130 Support Device 132 inner bottom 133 support hole 134 support cylindrical portion 136 bias spring 140 苐 2 苐 # preventive groove 140a convex portion 140b fifth rotation preventive groove 142 end portion 144 stopper inclined surface Standard (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm 312506 only)

.Line ·, — II '^ nn, • -------- 1 ------- (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) 593008 A7 V. Description of the invention (12) 15G, 152 steel ball 160 202 205 210 214 222 △ L Te Balance direction N pole segment open gear shaft N pole side peak axial displacement

155 200 204 208 212 220 224 T Circular groove ring pattern magnet S pole segment ring groove Hall element rotation speed sensor S pole side peak pedal torque Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau Employee Consumption Cooperative printed auxiliary torque [Preferred Embodiment of the Invention] (First Embodiment: Rotational Speed Sensor) FIG. 2 shows an NS split-pole ring magnet 200 for constituting the rotation speed sensor of the first embodiment of the present invention. The ring magnet 200 is formed in a substantially flat ring shape having an opening 205 in the center. The ring magnet 200 is formed by a plurality of ring-shaped magnet segments that are divided at equal angles. Among these magnet segments, the N pole segment 202 facing the N pole side and the S towards the s pole side are viewed from the front. Pole segment 204 is an interactive configuration. Here, as shown in the side view, it is better to align the NS poles of the magnet section so that the opposite side of the N pole segment 202 is the S pole, and the opposite side of the S pole segment 204 is the n pole so that the direction of the magnetic field lines is approximately perpendicular to Looped magnet surface. In the example, although 12 magnet segments are formed, they may be formed more or less than them, and any appropriate change may be made according to the rotation speed of the detected part and the required detection accuracy. In addition, if there is a vertical component with respect to the magnetic field of the toroidal surface, the alignment method of the N-S poles of each magnet segment can be arbitrarily and appropriately changed. For example, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) 12 312506 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 593008 V 'Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (13) The adjacent N-pole section and S-pole section can also be arranged along the circumferential direction as two poles of a magnet. Here, the opposite side of the N-pole section 202 is also the N-pole, and the opposite side of the S-pole section 204 is also the s-pole. Therefore, from the standpoint of the magnetic field strength, it is better to consider the example in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 shows a gear 2 1 0 as a detected portion of the rotation speed. The gear 210 is rotated by the torque transmitted from the shaft 214, and an annular groove 208 is formed on one surface of the gear 210 to accommodate the size and shape of the ring magnet 200. The ring Ψ ring magnet 200 is adhered and stored in the ring groove 208 with an adhesive or the like. At this time, as shown in the figure, the ring magnet 200 and the surface of the gear 210 are preferably formed on one side. As a result, the ring-shaped magnet can be prevented from protruding from the surface of the gear, and the space occupied by the rotation speed sensor can be minimized. Adjacent to the ring magnet 200 provided on the gear 210, a Hall element 212 for detecting a magnetic field is provided. This Hall element is an existing magnetic field detection element. When there is a magnetic field at right angles to the direction of current flow in the semiconductor, the Hall effect is proportional to the direction perpendicular to the current and the magnetic field. Electromotive force of a magnetic field. Of course, as long as a magnetic field can be detected, a magnetic field detection sensor other than a Hall element, such as a coil, may be used. The output terminal of the Hall element 212 is connected to the controller 14. When the rotation speed sensor 220 in FIG. 3 is shown in a perspective view, it is as shown in FIG. 4. The controller 14 analyzes the magnetic field detection signal from the Hall element 212 by any appropriate method to detect the rotation speed of the gear 2 10. Here, Fig. 5 shows an example of a waveform of a magnetic field signal from the Hall element 212 to the controller 14. The controller 14 has, for example, detecting the zero-crossing point of the magnetic field signal (the time when the magnetic field strength is 0), the N-pole-side peak, or the S-pole-side peak. ------- Order --------- Line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 13 312506 593008 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) The functions of these moments. The N-pole side peaks and s-pole side peaks 224 shown in FIG. 5 each indicate the point in time when the maximum magnetic pole of the N-pole section and the s-pole section passed the detection field of the Hall element 212. It is possible to detect the time τ required for the gear 2Π) to rotate once. μ, the rotation speed of the gear 210 can be obtained immediately (/ τ). Of course, the rotation speed of the gear may also be determined without waiting for the gear to rotate 20 times, while rotating at a predetermined angle. The rotation speed sensor of this embodiment has an ns-separated ring magnet and a flat ring, so it has a small volume and can save space and weight. Since the structure is very simple and easy to manufacture, cost reduction can be achieved. Since the plurality of magnet segments are integrated into a flat ring shape, assembly of the machine is also very simple. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the ring structure may be expanded on the surface of the gear 21 and the ring magnet may be embedded and fixed with an adhesive or the like. Compared with the operation of embedding individual magnets equivalent to the poles in the gear, the operation efficiency of each stage can be improved. Moreover, as long as the depth of the groove is matched with the height of the ring magnet, it is not necessary to protrude from the outside, thereby helping to save space. By reducing the angular range occupied by each magnet segment, the time resolution of the rotation speed can be increased. Hereinafter, a bicycle in which another embodiment of the rotation speed sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is assembled will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the bicycle described below is an example of an electric assist bicycle provided with an assist torque by an electric motor. (Second embodiment: electric assisted bicycle) Fig. 1 shows t -------- ^ ---- of an electric assisted bicycle i according to the second embodiment of the present invention (please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) 14 312506 593008 A7 B7

(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 593008 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (16) Unillustrated gears, key wheels 2 in the force transmission mechanism 10, described below The key wheel drive gear 11 and the rotating parts of the front wheel axles, etc. The controller 14 is provided with a reference for converting the rotation speed of the detected parts to the traveling speed of the vehicle body. Next, the configuration of the torque detection mechanism of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9. First, FIG. 7 shows a front view of the sprocket 2 and the ratchet device 39 connecting the sprocket 2, and a side cross-sectional view of the sprocket 2 and the ratchet device 39 along the line S-S of the front view. As shown in the front view, the sprocket 2 has a plurality of teeth 24 fitted to the chain 12 and recesses 25 between adjacent teeth formed on the outer periphery of the sprocket body 38 having rigidity. A hole 41 through which the drive shaft 4 penetrates and a cylindrical stopper 46 surrounding the periphery of the hole 41 are formed in the central portion. The ratchet device 39 includes three ratchet pressing pieces 40 fixedly arranged at equal distances from the center of the key wheel (in accordance with the driving axis 5 in the figure) at equal angles at the sprocket body 38 of the sprocket 2; and A ratchet tooth portion 43 provided on one side of the sprocket 2 and fitted to the ratchet pressing piece is configured. FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing a state where the sprocket 2 and the ratchet device 39 are mounted on the drive shaft 4. As shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a drive shaft 42 is provided around the drive shaft 4 so as to be concentric with the drive shaft but not rotatable with the shaft. Around the drive shaft 42, a pedestal 45 having a cylindrical shaft surface substantially parallel to the axis is formed. The pedestal 45 is arranged in a state where the key wheel 2 and the ratchet teeth 43 are engaged with each other. The sprocket 2 can be independently rotated by the drive shaft 42 when the sprocket 2 is in the direction of the clutch of the ratchet device 39 in the base 45. The ratchet wheel is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) 16 3125㈨ ----------- Installation -------- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) Intellectual Property Bureau of Yuanji Printed by Employee Consumer Cooperatives W008 A7 " " ---- -B7 —____ V. Description of the Invention (Π) The tooth 43 is handled as described below-^ ^ No, it is fixed on the drive shaft 42 8 and 9 illustrate concepts of the engagement state and the clutch function of the sprocket 2 and the ratchet tooth 43. A perspective view showing a state in which the sprocket 2 and the ratchet teeth 43 are disassembled. As shown in the figure, the ratchet pressing piece 40 is formed as a claw-shaped member that bends an elastic elongated metal flat plate. The front end portion 40a of the claw-shaped member is opposed to the sprocket body 38 of the sprocket 2. The rear portion thereof is fixed to the sprocket body portion 38 by welding or the like so as to form a predetermined tilt angle. The ratchet gear 43 has a flat plate portion 60, and a plurality of teeth 44 that are engaged with the ratchet presser 40 are formed along the entire periphery of the surface facing the circular plate portion 60 on the sprocket surface side. . Each of the teeth 44 has a relatively gentle slope 44a and a relatively steep slope 44b. At the central portion of the drawing plate portion 60, a cylindrical central shaft 54 protruding from the plane of the circular plate portion to both outer sides and extending in the axial direction is provided. The central shaft penetrates through and is provided around the drive shaft 4. The drive shaft 42 receives an opening 57. Inside the center shaft 54 opposite to the sprocket surface side facing the circular plate portion 60, a flat-shaped rotation stopper portion 52 is fixedly connected to the shaft inner wall so as to cross the diameter of the opening portion 57. A coil spring 50 is inserted into the central shaft 54. One end of the coil spring 50 abuts against the rotation stopper 52, and the other end is fixed to a drive shaft 42 (not shown). As shown in FIG. 9 'In the clapping sound of the sprocket 2 and the ratchet teeth 43, the front end portion 40 a of the ratchet pressing piece 40 abuts into the recess formed by the adjacent inclined surface 44 a and the inclined surface 44 b. The distal end portion abuts against the steep slope 44b in a state facing the steep slope 44b. A drive shaft 42 is housed in the opening 57 of the center shaft 54. Although it is not shown here, the rotation stop 2 is the standard of the Chinese paper (CNS) A4 (2) 〇χ 297 mm. The paper is ^ --------- line (please read first) Note on the back? Matters need to fill in this page again) 593008 A7 ___ B7 V. Description of the invention (formed in the long groove 58 inserted into the long groove 58 that runs through the shaft along the direction of the drive shaft 42 & 帛. ^ 7 Run "μ This makes the ratchet teeth 43 pair unable to rotate, and together with the drive shaft 4 rotated by pedal torque: turn. In addition, 'the axial width of the rotation catching portion 52 is smaller than the length of the groove portion 58 Therefore, the rotation stopper portion 52 can be slid along the groove portion in the axial direction. When the rotation stopper portion 52 is pressed by the coil spring 50 in the direction of the sprocket 5, the ratchet waste # 40 < It is locked at the south degree that is engaged with the ratchet teeth 43. As shown in the lower diagram in Fig. 9, when the drive shaft 42 is rotated in the R direction corresponding to the forward direction of the bicycle 1, the ratchet presser 4 is formed. In the state where the foremost end portion abuts on the steeper inclined surface 44b of the tooth 44 and does not slide along the inclined surface, the ratchet teeth 43 and the chain are made Wheel 2 rotates with the drive shaft 42 in the R direction. Conversely, when the drive shaft 42 rotates in the opposite direction to the R direction, the back surface of the front end portion 40a abuts against the slower inclined surface 44a, so it is not locked. And it slides out along this slope, and the rotation of the driving shaft 42 is not transmitted to the key wheel 2. The above is the principle of the one-way clutch of the ratchet device 39. The consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints the rotation of the driving shaft 42 in the R direction When transmitting to the recording wheel 2 via the ratchet teeth 43, as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 9, the elastic ratchet presser 40 is raised against the rotational force received by the steep slope 44 b. Therefore, the ratchet teeth 43 While moving from the normal axial position (positions 6 and 7 in Figures 4 and 7 a) against the spring pressure of the coil spring 50, it moves axially away from the key wheel 2 and stops at the pedaling force and the ratchet pressure The position where the elastic force of 40 is balanced (position 48b in Figs. 6 and 7). When the pedal torque is reduced, the rotating force received by the steeper inclined surface 44b becomes weaker, so the ratchet presser 40 is used to eject the paper. Standards apply to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 x 297 public love) 18 312506 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of Qinji Ministry 593008 A7 __ Β7 V. Description of the invention (19: When you want to return to the original height, you are subject to the coil spring 50. The ratchet tooth 43 also faces the shaft at the same time The direction of displacement is close to the axial displacement of the sprocket teeth 43 as shown above = the axial displacement M (Figure 7) of the stepping torque is as large as shown in Figure 6 'In order to detect the vector of the ratchet teeth 43 described above A position sensor 34 is provided on the single frame to detect the axial distance from the predetermined position to the ratchet tooth U plate portion 60. The position sensor μ can be, for example, shifted in accordance with the axial direction of the circular plate portion 60. And a detection body made of magnetic material such as ferrite installed in a manner of moving in the axial direction; setting ^ a coil near the detection body; and changing the inductance of the coil as the change in impedance It is constituted by a detection circuit capable of electrical detection. According to the above configuration, the detection body is moved closer to or farther from the coil according to the axial displacement of the ratchet teeth 43. However, the inductance of the coil is changed by the distance between the detection body and the coil, so the change can be detected by the detection circuit. Calculate the axial distance L1 to the ratchet teeth. Of course, as long as the axial distance of the ratchet teeth 43 or the change amount ΔL is detected, a sensor of any type other than the above may be used, and it may be provided in the ratchet device 39 according to the form of the sensor. The output terminal of the position sensor 34 is connected with a controller 14 for receiving a detection signal from the sensor. The controller 14 may be formed by a microcomputer or the like, and has a calculation function for calculating a pedal torque value based on a detection signal related to the axial distance received. Next, the electric assist mechanism of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the electric auxiliary mechanism is composed of: a sprocket drive gear 11 directly embedded in the sprocket 2; a battery driven by an unillustrated rotation; and its auxiliary torque via rotation ^ ^ ----- ---- ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 19 312506 593008

V. Description of the invention (20) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Electric motor 37 conveyed by the shaft 37a; reduce the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 37a of the electric motor 37 to the chain via the gear shaft 35a The speed reduction mechanism 35 of the wheel drive gear u; and the above-mentioned controller that controls the electric motor 37 according to the pedal torque value thereof. Among them, the reduction mechanism 35 is constituted by combining a plurality of gears, for example. A one-way clutch (not shown) that only transmits power in one direction is provided in the assist torque transmission path composed of these gears. The one-way clutch is constructed / connected so that the assist torque of the electric motor 37 can be transmitted to the sprocket drive gear 11 'but not in the reverse direction, that is, the key wheel drive gear transmits torque to the reduction mechanism 35. Therefore, the load of the electric motor 37 is not transmitted to the sprocket 2 at the time of non-driving, and the light motor can always run lightly. Printed by the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives. Figure 10 shows the front view of the sprocket drive gear 11 and sprocket 2 mated (the illustration of the crank lever is omitted). Here, the chain 12 ′ provided on the sprocket 2 is formed by pressing two link plates with two pin plates into two pin rings and pressing two bushes into the two rings. The plate is combined with the roller ring of the roller (roller) in a rotatable manner around the outer periphery of the shaft sleeve. Each of the rollers constituting the pin ring and the roller ring of the chain 12 has its pitch and diameter determined by being fitted into the teeth of the sprocket 2. For example, as shown in Fig. 11, the sprocket drive gear 11 is configured to be fitted into the sprocket 2 in the same manner as that of the chain 12 described above. The sprocket drive gear 11 has two roller plates 17a and 17b facing each other in parallel; in order to connect these plates, the plate is pressed along the surrounding area of the plate at the same distance as the rollers of the key bar 12 and is pushed into the plate approximately vertically. Number of cylinder sleeves (roller shafts) 15; and covering the outer circumference of these sleeves to rotate from this paper scale to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) ) 20 312506 A7 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of Suiji Ministry ^ ------- §1 V. The plural of the invention description (21) (6 in the illustration) cylindrical roller 21 . At the central portions of the roller plates 17a and 17b, mounting holes 19 for mounting on the ratcheting mechanism ^ are formed, and at the outer peripheral portion between the adjacent rollers 21, recessed portions 33 which are recessed inward are formed. The two adjacent rollers 21 of the sprocket drive gear 11 are engaged with the recessed portions 25 of the sprocket 2, and a tooth 24 of the sprocket 2 enters in each gap between the rollers (see FIG. 10). The recess 33 of the sprocket drive gear n is preferably formed in a shape that allows the teeth of the chain 12 to easily fit between the rollers 21. For example, it is preferably formed in a shape substantially the same as that of the central neck portion of the chain ring of the chain 12. Next, an operation of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. When a spare passenger applies a foot pedal stepping force to the foot pedals 8R and 8L to rotate the drive shaft in the R direction, the rotation stop portion 52 prevents the ratchet tooth portion 43 fixed to the drive shaft 4 from rotating and the drive shaft. 4 Rotate together and apply pedal torque to the sprocket 2 which is loaded by the pulling force from the chain 12 via the ratchet presser 40 which is engaged with its teeth 44. At this time, the elastic ratchet pressing piece 40 rises against the rotation force of the relatively steep inclined surface 44b of the ratchet teeth. Therefore, the ratchet tooth portion 43 resists the coil from the general axial position (position 48a in FIG. 7). The spring pressure of the spring 50 is displaced axially in a manner away from the sprocket 2 and stops at a position where the rotational force of the pedal pedal force and the spring force of the ratchet presser 40 reach a balance (position 48b in FIG. 7). The position sensor 34 in FIG. 6 often detects the axial distance from its fixed position to the circular plate portion 60 of the ratchet tooth portion 43, and transmits its detection signal (corresponding to the position 48b) to the controller 14. Controller 14 is stored in advance ------------- installed -------- order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 21 312506 593008 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (22) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The position 48a of the ratchet tooth 43 when the pedal torque is not applied and the position 48b indicated by the received detection signal are calculated to calculate the gap to obtain the axial displacement AL. The axial displacement amount al also increases when the pedal torque becomes larger. Therefore, the controller 14 can calculate the pedal torque value based on the corresponding relationship between the two. For example, first, the relationship between the axial displacement amount AL and the pedal torque is obtained experimentally, and the internal memory of the reference table memory controller 14 indicating the relationship is implemented; that is, the above calculation can be performed. Next, the controller 14 calculates the assist torque Te required to be applied based on at least the calculated pedal torque τ, and calculates and outputs a control signal for the rotation drive of the electric motor 37 to instruct it to generate the assist torque. Preferably, the controller 14 converts the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor 220 into a vehicle speed, and then calculates the assist torque Te based on the pedal torque T and the vehicle speed of the rotation speed sensor. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. For example, for the simplest electric auxiliary control, if the calculated pedal torque T exceeds a predetermined value, a motor control signal is output, and the electric motor 37 is turned on. The torque maintains the auxiliary torque at a predetermined ratio. In other cases, the motor control signal that turns off the electric motor is turned on. Here, the axial displacement amount AL itself may be directly applied, and the electric motor 37 may be turned on only when the value reaches a predetermined value or more. When the electric motor 37 is turned on and rotated, its rotational force is transmitted to the sprocket drive gear 11 via the reduction mechanism 35, and the sprocket drive gear Η rotates around the driving center shaft 9 in the direction K as shown in FIG. At this time, each of the rollers 21 is sequentially engaged with each of the recesses 25 of the sprocket 2, and at the same time, the sprocket 2 supplies a driving torque in the R direction centered on the central axis 5 of the drive shaft 4. As mentioned above, this paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210x297 mm) 22 312506 593008

Printed by the employee ’s consumer cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Intellectual Property Bureau in this embodiment, since the assist torque from the electric motor 37 is transmitted to the field of the sprocket 2 where the high-rigidity teeth 24 are formed via the key wheel drive shaft 11, the chain is not bent Wheel 2, and the rotation center will not deviate to assist the pedaling force. In this way, since the auxiliary torque is applied when the pedal torque reaches a predetermined amount or more, the passenger can easily perform the pedal operation. As described above, in this embodiment, since it is not necessary to add an elastic member or a transmission mechanism with a high rigidity and a large weight to the existing electric assisted treadmill, it is based on the axial direction inside the ratchet device required by a common bicycle. The displacement is used to calculate the torque, so the space and weight of the torque detection mechanism can be greatly reduced, and the mechanism can be simplified. In addition, in this embodiment, since the assist torque from the electric motor 37 is transmitted to the outer peripheral portion of the sprocket 2 with a large diameter via the sprocket drive gear 11, it is in contrast to the structure in which the assist torque is applied by the drive shaft 4. Ratio has the advantage of being able to achieve a large reduction ratio. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size, weight, and simplification of the cooperative organization. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the elastic displacement part of the torque detecting mechanism is integrally included in the ratchet device, and only the sprocket driving gear u and the driving mechanism 13 are provided to constitute the electric auxiliary mechanism, it is almost unnecessary to change the conventional car The structure of the body frame can achieve smaller size, lighter weight, simplification and cost reduction of the electric assist bicycle. (Third embodiment) Figures 12 (a) '(b) show a torque detecting mechanism according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Since the rest of the clearance torque detection mechanism is the same as that of the second embodiment, detailed explanations are omitted, and the same components are marked with the same caret. -III — — — — — — · 1111111 ^ ------- II (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210x297 mm) 23 312506 State 008 V. Description of the invention (24) As shown in Figures 12 (a) and (b), a torque detection mechanism is provided in its central part and illustrated in Figure 1. ^ 82 3 ^ ^ ^ 70 of the part 82. The cylindrical accommodating part 82 is cylindrically shaped (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) ^ ^ 面 蟪 One side of the plate 70 and the other The side of the plate surface is recessed. The recessed part of the cylinder receiving part 82 of the 7th wheel 0 is arranged to face the foot pedal side. The early clutch 72 on the driver side and the driver side. The one-way clutch 72 is engaged with the concave portion of the cylindrical housing portion 82 by transmitting the rotation in the R direction only to the sprocket 70, and is closed. The drive section is fixedly connected, and the driven section is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 4. In addition, in order to reduce the weight, the periphery of the cylindrical accommodating section 82 on the sprocket 70 is formed. The multiple holes are shown in (Figure ^ ⑽). When the one-way clutch 72 is selected to rotate the drive shaft 4 in the R direction and its rotational force is transmitted to the sprocket 7G, the driven part side of the one-way clutch 72 only corresponds to the foot The amount of displacement of the pedal torque is axially shifted to the type of clutch on the key wheel side, such as the one-way clutch of the ratchet device type in the second embodiment. The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Intellectual Property Bureau, Employee Consumption Cooperative printed another On the other hand, a bearing 74 is provided around the convex portion of the cylindrical trough portion 82 on the inner side of the sprocket 70 on the reverse side of the cypress, and the circle is kept the same as the receiving portion around the side. The bearing 74 preferably corresponds Both the axial and radial loads. The coil spring 76, which is made of elastic metal and conical ladder, holds the bearing 74 so as to cover the periphery of the bearing 74, and the coil spring 76 is passed through a rigid support 78. It is fixed to the vehicle body. That is, the sprocket 70 is elastically held on the opposite side of the one-way clutch 72 so as to be rotatable to the vehicle body. As shown in FIG. 12 (b), the shaft of the one-way clutch 72 is fixed. Width and Axial of Coil Spring 76 »2506 This paper is for China Home Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) 593008 'Printed by A7 of the Consumer Property Cooperative of Panji Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau. 5. Description of invention (25 width projection on the central axis of drive shaft 4, there is Areas that overlap each other. In addition, 'the coil spring 76 is provided with a deformation measuring device (gage) 80 for detecting the deformation of the coil spring caused by the applied stress, and the deformation measuring device 80 is connected to the controller 14 (Refer to FIG. 6) The deformation measuring device 80 can be formed of, for example, a thin-film metal resistance element. When the thin-film metal resistor is used, a thin oxide film insulating layer is provided on the surface of the mirror-polished coil spring 76, and a bridge-shaped resistor composed of a plurality of elements is formed thereon by a method such as plating. The controller 14 can detect the magnitude of the applied stress by detecting the resistance change of the bridge element formed by the deformation of the stress applied to the coil spring 76. In terms of improving accuracy, the deformation measuring device 80 is preferably provided at the place where the coil spring 76 is most susceptible to stress deformation, so that the change in resistance value due to the stress deformation amount can be made as large as possible. In addition, the alternative mechanism of the deformation measuring device 80 includes a piezoresistive element that detects a change in resistance caused by the pressure applied to the coil spring 76, or a position sensor that detects a displacement amount on the surface of the coil spring 76. Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described. When a passenger applies a pedal depression force to the pedals 8R and 8L to rotate the disturbance shaft 4 in the R direction, the rotational force is transmitted to the sprocket 70 via the driving side portion of the one-way clutch 72. At this time, since the driven side portion of the one-way clutch 72 is to be displaced to the sprocket side in the axial direction by a displacement amount corresponding to the pedal torque, it has a force to press the sprocket 70 to the innermost side in the axial direction. . This pressing force is applied to the coil spring 76 holding the sprocket 70 via the bearing 74, and the coil spring 76 is deformed by stress. This stress deformation reflects the chain caused by the one-way clutch 72-^ -------- ^ --------- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 25 312506 593008 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention () The axial movement of wheel 70, which is the pedal torque the size of. The resistance value of the deformation measuring device 80 changes in accordance with the stress deformation of the coil spring 76. The changing resistance value is detected by the controller 14. The controller 14 previously stores in its internal memory a correspondence table used to display the correspondence between the resistance value of the deformation measuring device 80 and the pedal torque, and then compares the resistance value of the deformation measuring device detected with the comparison table. Find the pedal torque T. Thereafter, as in the second embodiment, the controller 14 controls the electric motor 37 to generate a rotational drive of an assist torque Te determined in accordance with the pedal torque T, and the assist torque is directly transmitted to the sprocket drive gear 11 to Sprocket 70. As described above, in the third embodiment, it is not necessary to add an extra rigid member with a large volume and weight to the existing electric auxiliary bicycle, or an elastic member or a transmission mechanism. Therefore, the pressure of the one-way clutch 72 required by a general bicycle is not required. The torque and deformation of the coil spring 76 caused by the input force are used to calculate the torque, so the space and weight of the torque detection mechanism can be greatly reduced, and the mechanism can be simplified. In the third embodiment, since the one-way clutch 72 is housed inside the cylindrical housing portion 82 of the sprocket 70, the coil spring 76 is held indirectly by the outer periphery of the housing portion, that is, a structure in which both are arranged within the same width. Therefore, the stroke in the axial direction can be shorter. This advantage is further improved by the use of a thin deformation measuring device 80 formed on the surface of the coil spring 76 to detect the amount of pedal torque. In this way, the third embodiment has a better effect in terms of space saving than the second embodiment. (Fourth Embodiment) A torque detection mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figs. 13 to 15. Since this embodiment is in addition to the torque detection mechanism, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) is applied to this paper size. 1TZ3D0 ----------- install ----- --- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 593008. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (27) The second and third embodiments are the same, so detailed descriptions are omitted, and the same components are marked with the same symbols. As shown in Fig. 13, the sprocket 2 is shaft-mounted on the drive shaft 4 via a ratchet device. As shown in FIG. 14, this ratchet device includes a pressing portion 100 and a tooth portion 112. In the pressing portion 100, three ratchet pressing pieces 102 are arranged on the second engaging surface 110 at equal angles in the circumferential direction. The ratchet pressing piece 102 is formed of a rigid body, and is rotatable about an axis which is close to the second engaging surface 110 and along a substantially radial direction of the engaging surface. When the ratchet pressing piece 102 does not exert a force on the ratchet pressing piece 102, the pressing piece pushes out the spring 104 to be pressed so that its longitudinal direction forms a predetermined angle with the second engaging surface u0 (the balance direction 16 in FIG. 15). 〇). As shown in FIG. 15 'When the ratchet pressing piece 102 is biased from the balance direction 160 to the ascending direction 3 or the descending direction b, the pressing piece push-up spring 104 applies a slight elastic force to the ratchet pressing piece i 02 to restore its bias. To the equilibrium direction 16o. In the central portion of the wafer portion 100, a bore 106 for accommodating the drive shaft 4 is formed. The bore 106 is formed through the circle protruding from the back 101 of the wafer portion 100.筒 部 103。 The tube portion 103. A circular groove 155 (Fig. 13) is formed in the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 103 of the back surface 101, and a plurality of freely rotating steel balls 152 are embedded in the circular groove 155. In this way, a bearing in the axial direction and a bearing for a plain bearing are formed on the back surface 101. The center hole 127 of the coil spring 124 is in contact with the back surface 101 of the pressing portion 100 through the cylindrical portion 103. Here, the coil spring 124 is slidably connected to the back surface 101 via a steel ball 152, that is, a load bearing bearing, in a direction that resists the pressure from the pressing portion 100 with elastic force. At the 180 ° position of the surface of the coil spring 124 ------------ ^ install -------- order --------- line (please read the note on the back first) Please fill out this page again) 593008 Printed by A7, Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (28, the two positions of the relationship are provided with deformation measuring devices 126. These deformation measuring devices 126 are electrically connected via wires 128 To the controller 14. It is also preferable to provide three or more deformation measuring devices on the coil spring 124. Here, it is preferable to set a plurality of deformation measuring devices on the surface of the coil spring 124 in a rotationally symmetrical position. The coil spring 124 is housed In the inner bottom 32 of the bowl-shaped holder 130, the holder 130 is formed with a support hole 133 for accommodating the drive shaft 4 and penetrating through the central portion, and a support cylindrical portion 134 protruding from the rear. The inner wall of the support cylindrical portion 134 and A bearing 138 corresponding to both the axial and radial loads is engaged (see FIG. 13). The bearing 138 is formed by a stopper sloping surface 144 formed on the drive shaft 4 and is locked to the inner wall of the pressing portion hole 106 to form There are four first rotation prevention grooves 108 extending in the axial direction 5. The outer portion of the drive shaft 4 which is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the pressing portion hole 106 is outside the drive shaft 4. Partly, four second rotation prevention grooves 14 extending in the axial direction 5 are formed so as to oppose the first rotation prevention grooves 108. As shown in FIG. 16 (a), the first! The groove 108 and the second rotation prevention groove 140 opposite thereto form a cylindrical groove extending in the axial direction, and a large number of steel balls 15 are accommodated in each cylindrical groove in a buried manner. In this way, the pressing portion can be minimized. The frictional resistance moves along the axis 5 and can prevent the relative rotation of the driving shaft 4 ^^ This is a ball spline, but other forms of ball splines can also be used, such as ball splines for endless rotation It can be used as the above-mentioned slidable rotation prevention mechanism. In addition, a mechanism other than a ball spline can also be used. As shown in FIG. 16 (b), the driving shaft 4 can be provided with a protruding portion 14 extending in the axial direction. a, and forming a third rotation preventing groove in the sheet pressing portion 100 to receive the raised portion 14a. The paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ⑵ G χ 297.

^ -------- ^ --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) # 593008

(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) 108a means that the key spline is a rotation prevention mechanism. In FIG. 16 (b), the convex portion 14a may be provided on the pressing portion ιo side, and the third rotation preventing groove 108a may be provided on the drive shaft 4 side. As shown in FIG. 16 (magic diagram), a fourth rotation prevention groove 10 讣 extending in the axial direction and a fifth rotation prevention groove 140b opposed to each other may be provided in the pressing portion 10 and the drive shaft. 4. The key piece is accommodated in a cuboid groove forming such grooves, which is a so-called key groove type as a rotation prevention mechanism. In addition, the rotation stop portion 52 shown in the second embodiment can also be used in the fourth embodiment. The first engaging surface 121 of the tooth portion 112 forms a plurality of ratchet teeth 114 that are engaged with the ratchet pressing piece 102. The ratchet teeth 114 are formed with different periods from each other in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion and are opposite to the first fastener. The engaging surface 121 is composed of a steeper inclined surface 118 and a slower inclined surface ι16. The tooth portion 112 is configured such that the first engaging surface 1 2 1 is opposite to the second engaging surface 11 of the pressing portion 100. A shaft is provided on the drive shaft 4 so that the ratchet pressing piece 102 is engaged with the ratchet teeth 112 (FIG. 15). Here, the drive shaft 4 passes through a collar 111 through a tooth formed in a central portion of the tooth portion 112 The hole 120 is fixed to the end 142 via a washer 122 (Figure 13). • The Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Finance It is printed, and the tooth portion 112 is connected to the holder 130 which can rotate the sprocket 2 and the drive shaft 4. In this way, only the rotation of the drive shaft 4 in the forward direction of the vehicle body is transmitted to the sprocket 2 to complete the drive shaft. 4 The ratchet device connected to the sprocket 2. It is better to provide a biasing spring 136 between the slanted surface 144 of the stopper portion of the drive shaft 4 and the back surface of the pressing portion 100. The biasing spring 136 is used for pedal pedal force When the value is below the predetermined value (for example, it is actually close to zero), this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) 29 312506 593008 A7 B7

V. Description of the invention (30) The sheet pressing section 100 is biased toward the axial direction in a manner that a gap is created between the Xing coil spring 124 printed on the steel ball 152 housed on the back 101 and printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described. When the passenger applies a pedal pedal force to the pedals 8R and 8L to rotate the drive shaft 4 in the forward direction of the vehicle body, the rotational force is transmitted to the pressing plate whose shaft is arranged on the drive shaft 4 in a non-rotating manner. Department 100. At this time, as shown in Figure Η, the ratchet is pressed! 〇2 The force Fd 'corresponding to the pedal pedaling force can be provided by the scrap piece 因此. Therefore, the front end portion thereof abuts against the steep slope H8 of the ratchet tooth of the tooth portion 112, and the force is intended to be transmitted to the ratchet tooth. Since the ratchet teeth 2 are connected to the sprocket 2, the front end of the ratchet pressing piece 102 is subjected to a driving force Fp by a steep slope U8. The ratchet pressing pieces 102 receiving opposite forces Fp and Fd at both ends thereof rotate in three directions and rise. The pressing portion 100 is moved inward in the axial direction by rising of the ratchet pressing portion 102, and the coil spring 124 interposed between the pressing portion 100 and the holder 130 is pressed in. The coil spring 124 counteracts this and generates an elastic force Fr that acts on the pressing portion 100. This elastic force Fr 'and reflection are useful to make the tabletting part! 〇〇 The force of the pedals moving in the axial direction reached equilibrium in a short time. As described above, the stress deformation of the coil spring 24, the gap between the pressing portion 100 and the tooth portion 112, the angle of the ratchet pressing piece 102 to the second engaging surface 110, and the pressing piece portion 100 to the car The position of the body frame and the pressure of the coil spring 124 are physical quantities that reflect the pedaling force. Therefore, the pedal torque can be estimated by detecting any of the above-mentioned physical quantities. An example of this embodiment is to detect the stress deformation of the coil spring 124. The controller 14 performs an addition calculation (including an average calculation) on at least two signals of the deformation measuring device 126 provided in the coil spring 124. In this way, because the paper size of plural positions is applied to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) 30 312506 -----------_ installation (please read the note on the back first) Please fill in this page again for matters) «— ——I — —.. # · 593008 Printed by the Consumers’ Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (31) The amount of stress deformation is averaged. The torque can also increase the output change and smooth the noise component, so it can improve the SN ratio and improve the accuracy of the two torque estimation. This effect becomes better as the number of deformation measuring devices increases. When the pedal pedal force is below a predetermined value, a gap is created between the back surface 101 of the pressing portion 100 and the coil spring 124 by the biasing spring 136, so that the steel ball 152 frequently conflicts with the coil spring 124. Things reduced. As a result, the noise component of the distortion detector signal is reduced, and the stability of torque detection and electric assist control can be improved. The procedure of the electric assist control of this embodiment is the same as that of the second and third embodiments. The fourth embodiment has further excellent effects as described below. ① Since the ratchet device and the torque detection mechanism are realized by a single mechanism, the number of components can be reduced ', and the size, weight, and cost can be reduced. .② In the pedal torque detection part, because the load-bearing part and the load detection sensor are integrated, the two functions are realized by one mechanism. Therefore, the above-mentioned effect can achieve small size and light weight. And cost reduction. ③ As shown in items ① and ② above, the torque detection mechanism is reduced in size, weight, and simplification at a higher level, which increases the possibility of installing a torque detection mechanism on ordinary bicycles. ④ For the reasons shown in items ① and ② above, the load transmission loss can be reduced compared with the conventional mechanism, so that a responsive support with good control can be realized. ⑤ For the reasons shown in items ① and ② above, compared with the conventional mechanism (using coil springs), the foot pedal will not move unnecessarily (before the detection of the detector), and 312506 ------ --------------- Order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 593008 A7 V. Description of Invention (32) The feeling of the pedal when compared to the feeling of stepping down in the conventional mechanism is the same as that of an ordinary bicycle in this embodiment. The above are the embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any appropriate changes can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiments, although an electric motor is taken as an example of a mechanism for supplying auxiliary torque, the present invention is not limited to this, and other power mechanisms such as automobile engines may be used. In each embodiment, either one of the pressing piece and the teeth of the ratchet device is installed on the sprocket, and the other one is installed on the drive M, and any appropriate changes can be made: for example, in the fourth embodiment, the pressing The blade 胄 100 is mounted on the sprocket side, the tooth portion 112 is slidably and non-rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 4, and the coil spring 124 is pressed in by the tooth portion 112. In the second and fourth embodiments, although three ratchet presses are taken as an example, two or more than four may be provided as a matter of course. The number of grooves and protrusions of the rotation prevention mechanism shown in 16 (a), (b), and (c) g may be other numbers than the above. The constituent elements described in the above-mentioned first or second embodiment but not described in other embodiments can be applied without changing the gist of other embodiments. For example, the rotation prevention mechanisms shown in Figs. 16 (a), (b), and (c) can be applied to the second and third embodiments. The one-way clutch of the third embodiment can be applied to the ratchet devices of the second and fourth embodiments. In addition, as in the fourth embodiment, a plurality of deformation measuring devices of the third embodiment may be provided, and the output signals may be averaged. In addition, the type and shape of the elastic body provided against the deformation of the ratchet device can be changed as appropriate. Except for coil springs and coil springs, for example ----------- # 1 installation (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order --------- #. Economy The Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives printed clothing paper standards applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) 32 J12506 593008 A7 B7

5. Description of the invention (33) If a rubber elastomer can also be used. The physical quantity detected in each embodiment is the same as that described in the description of the fourth embodiment = 歹 ', as long as it is based on the deformation of the ratchet device, it can be appropriately selected. For example, in the second embodiment, a piezoelectric sensor may be used to detect a change in the pushing-out pressure caused by the axial displacement of the ratchet teeth. In addition, we will install the beta y beta tester on the ratchet presser, and calculate the pedal torque based on the stress deformation of the ratchet presser. In the fourth embodiment, a u-voltage inductor can also be installed inside the holder. It is also possible to detect the rotation angle of the ratchet press by an encoder or the like provided on its rotation axis. Furthermore, a position sensor may be provided to detect the position of the tablet portion relative to the tooth portion. Although the above method for detecting stress and deformation is taken as an example of a deformation measuring device, if you want to detect the physical quantity related to stress and deformation, you are not limited to this 0 -------------- Packing -------- Order · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} -Line-Printed on paper standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives, this paper applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 210x 297 mm) 33 312506

Claims (1)

Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 593008 —- C8 --- ~ ---—— 08 _ VI. Patent Application Scope-A rotation speed sensor for detecting the rotation of the inspected part The rotation speed sensor of speed is characterized by comprising: a substantially flat surface on which a plurality of magnets are formed, and a magnetic field that changes spatially at a predetermined angular period along the circumferential direction is generated on the surface, A ring magnet that can be installed to rotate substantially concentrically with the detected part; a magnetic field detection mechanism that detects a magnetic field at a fixed position adjacent to the surface of the ring magnet; and a magnetic field signal that is detected by the magnetic field detection mechanism A signal processing mechanism that detects the rotation speed of the detected part or a physical quantity associated with it. For example, the rotation speed sensor according to claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the plurality of magnet segments are magnetic poles that alternately reverse in the circumferential direction toward the surface. 3. The rotation speed sensor according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein one of the magnetic segments of each magnetic segment faces the aforementioned surface, and the other magnetic pole thereof faces the opposite side of the aforementioned surface. 4. The rotation speed sensor according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the directions of the two magnetic poles of each magnetic segment are aligned substantially parallel to the axial direction of the aforementioned ring magnet. 5. As for the rotation speed sensor in the second scope of the patent application, wherein the angles at which the plurality of magnet segments are opened are actually equal angles. 6. The rotation speed sensor of item 2 of the patent application, wherein adjacent magnet segments are connected to each other. -------- Order --------- Line # (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 Mm) 34 312506 593008 6. Application scope 7. The rotation speed sensor according to item 丨 of the application scope, wherein the magnetic field generated on the surface of the aforementioned ring magnet is the angle at which the two adjacent magnet segments are opened. It is formed in a predetermined angular period and changes in a sine wave shape. 8. The rotation speed sensor according to item 丨 of the patent application scope, wherein the ring-shaped magnet is formed with a hole in the center of the above-mentioned bad ring magnet system. • 9. The rotation speed sensor according to item 丨 of the patent application range, wherein the aforementioned ring magnet is actually formed into a sheet shape with a fixed thickness. 10. The rotation speed sensor according to item 9 of the patent application scope, wherein the aforementioned ring-type magnet system has bendability. Π • The rotation speed sensor according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein the ring magnet is housed in a groove formed in the detected part. 12. The rotation speed sensor according to item n of the application, wherein the ring magnet is fixed in the groove with an adhesive. / 3. The rotation speed sensor according to item u of the patent application scope, wherein the surface of the ring-shaped magnet housed in the groove is the same surface as the surface outside the groove before the detected part. 14. The rotation speed sensor according to item 丨 of the application, wherein the magnetic field detection mechanism is a Hall element. 15. A bicycle, which is a bicycle that transmits the pedaling force of the pedal to the wheels, and is provided with: a detected part that is rotated by the pedaling force of the pedal; The rotation of any one of the aforementioned patent applications for bicycles, item 丨 or item 14, ^ -------- ^ --------- ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) M. The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Intellectual Property Bureau staff's consumer cooperatives print private paper standards that apply the Chinese national standard (21〇χ 297 € 35 Ύΐ25ί 593008 6. Application for patent scope Turning speed sensor; and ... The rotation speed detected by the measuring device is converted into the aforementioned speed conversion mechanism of the bicycle. 16 · -A kind of power assisted bicycle is a system in which auxiliary power according to the pedal pedal force acting on the drive shaft is added to the pedal pedal force in parallel. A walking power-assisted bicycle, comprising: a detected part rotated by the pedal pedal's pedaling force; and an application patent installed on the power-assisted bicycle to detect the rotation speed of the detected part. The rotation speed sensor according to any one of the first to the fourteenth; the ten-way transmission of the one-way rotation of the aforementioned drive shaft to the chain type is a one-way connection of the aforementioned drive shaft and the aforementioned sprocket The change of the separation = 2 The physical quantity detection mechanism that changes according to the deformation of the pedal force of the aforementioned one-way clutch mechanism; and at least the employee of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ’s Consumer Cooperatives ’Department of Economic Affairs, according to the aforementioned rotation speed sensor The speed of rotation and the physical quantity detected by the aforementioned detection mechanism refer to the control mechanism of the auxiliary power. 17. The one-way clutch mechanism of the power-assisted bicycle such as the scope of application for patent No. 16 is along the aforementioned drive shaft; The length is subject to expansion and contraction. The pedals are described in accordance with the rules. 18. If the power-assisted one-way clutch mechanism of item 16 in the scope of patent application has the effect of restoring its deformation ^, the middle of the front 19. If the scope of patent application in item 18 Power-assisted bicycles, among them ,, 1 paper standard suitable for family care (CN ^ 7iF ^ _Q x 297), 3125〇Γ 593008 The Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperative printed the patent application scope to resist the deformation of the aforementioned one-way clutch mechanism and was provided with an elastic body. The elastic body provided at least part of the aforementioned elastic force. In the bicycle, the elastic system has a substantially flat shape with an axial length smaller than a radial length, and the axial direction is arranged in alignment with the deformation direction of the unidirectional clutch mechanism. 5 and / 1. If the power-assisted bicycle of item 19 of the patent application scope, wherein the aforementioned detection mechanism detects the stress deformation of the aforementioned elastic body as the aforementioned physical quantity M, it detects. 22. The power-assisted bicycle according to item 16 of the patent application scope, wherein the aforementioned detection mechanism detects the position relative to the body frame of at least one of the components constituting the one-way clutch mechanism as the aforementioned physical quantity. 23. For a power-assisted bicycle according to item 16 of the patent application, wherein the aforementioned detection mechanism detects the relative positional relationship between at least two components constituting the aforementioned one-way clutch mechanism as the aforementioned physical quantity. 24. For the power-assisted bicycle according to item 16 of the patent application scope, wherein the aforementioned detection mechanism detects the pressure change against the deformation direction of the unidirectional clutch mechanism as the aforementioned physical quantity. 25. If the power-assisted bicycle according to item 16 of the patent application scope, wherein the unidirectional clutch mechanism is a ratchet device. 26. The power-assisted bicycle according to item 25 of the patent scope of β month, wherein the aforementioned ratchet device is deformed and deformed along the axial direction of the drive shaft according to the length of the pedal force. 2: If the power-assisted bicycle of item 26 of the patent application is applied, among which, the paper size of the previous paper is suitable for standard specifications (297 issued) 312506 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) * Installation ------ --Order ---- 593008 Patent application description ratchet device includes: a tooth portion having a plurality of ratchet teeth formed on the first engaging surface; and a tabletting portion forming a plurality of ratchet pressing pieces on the second engaging surface. The i and second engaging surfaces are disposed substantially perpendicularly to the γ when the drive shaft rotates in the one direction, the ratchet shoulder piece is engaged with the ratchet teeth to fasten the pressing portion and the tooth. When the driving shaft rotates in two directions opposite to the-direction, when the aforementioned ratchet pressing piece releases the locking of the ratchet teeth, the aforementioned relative rotation can be performed. 28. The power-assisted bicycle according to item 27 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aforementioned plurality of ratchet teeth are periodically formed in the aforementioned section by a manner different from each other along the circumferential direction of the aforementioned tooth portion! The fastening surface is composed of a steeper inclined surface and a slower inclined surface relative to the first fastening surface; the angle of the spinous plate to the second fastening surface can be installed on the pressing piece Employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumer Group printed the aforementioned drive when the aforementioned first direction was rotated: 'The aforementioned ratchet: a buckle against the aforementioned steeper slope' when the aforementioned drive shaft was rotated in the direction opposite to the aforementioned: The aforementioned ratchet wheel ㈣ abuts on the aforementioned slower inclined surface. 29. If the power-assisted bicycle of item 27 of the application for a patent, wherein either of the teeth .P and the waste piece section is described, in order to slide along the aforementioned axis and prevent relative rotation of the drive shaft Method, the other side is connected to the sprocket through a rotation prevention structure. 312506 593008 A8 B8 C8 D8 ~, patent application scope 30. For the power-assisted bicycle of item 29 of the patent application scope, wherein p is slidably installed in the aforementioned axial direction by the aforementioned rotation prevention mechanism and the aforementioned tooth portion and In any one of the pressing portions, the elastic mechanism is supported on the opposite side of the fastening surface in abutable manner. 31 'The power-assisted bicycle according to item 30 of the application, wherein the elastic mechanism is a coil spring. ′, M 丨 32. The power assisted bicycle according to item 31 of the patent application scope, wherein one or a plurality of deformation measurement mechanisms are provided on the coil spring. 1 4 35 As a description test 33. If the power-assisted bicycle of item 16 of the patent application is applied, the aforementioned auxiliary power is supplied by an electric motor.别 别% ------------- ^ ---------------- ^ (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau of the People's Republic of China Paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) 312506 39