TW592785B - Method for separating mucin and starch from a plant root or stem - Google Patents

Abstract

This present invention provides a method for separating starch and mucin from a plant root or stem. The method is effective to recover the mucin and starch from a plant root or stem in the absence of undesirable chemical additives or treatments which may destroy the healthy, functional polysaccharides, proteins and various micro-materials. According to the present invention, a root or stem is taken, added water and homogenized to be a slurry suspension solution. Bubbles were produced by the introduction of gas through the gas sparger, which passed through the slurry suspension solution to the surface, resulting in the formation of a stable foam phase. Subsequently, materials with high surface activity, such as mucin, are attached on the floating bubbles, and taken away from the solution. Recovering the bubbles, isolation of the materials with high surface activity from the solution and other materials with low surface activity (for example, starch) is achieved.

Description

View 785 __L · _ _ Case No. 9212 (j ^ V. Description of the invention (1) The law of the technical field to which the invention belongs. T Ϊ 月 is about a method for separating and recovering slime from plants, making it especially clear About a method that uses the principle of the difference in the activity of the interface between materials to separate the clay and starch from the rhizomes of plants. The prior art potato and ϊ Ϊ plant rhizomes (such as' taro potato, lotus root, sweet potato, horse bell 2 All of them are rich in mucopolysaccharides, and the function of yam mucilage is used. Many reports indicate that it has the right and prepared protein f (Dioscorin) in the human immune system and has antioxidant properties. Properties. For mucus, it can be used for beech and ί Ϊ, and the starch contained in 酉 has hydrolyzed starch for glucose. It improves the digestive function of the human body. It also has diabetes-^ Lotte shows its anti-oxidation after browning. Compared with other rhizomes, the fungus has a higher protein content, and its-will be hydrolyzed into glycoproteins in the body = nourishing carbohydrates and egg whites. Digestion == Sui Su is a hydrolyzed powder for glucose, which can be used to change the digestive function of the human body, and also for diabetes. Said: The powder shows antioxidant activity after browning. 疋 curative effect, Shanle points, : ΊΠ: The substance is a glycoprotein-like structure. The analysis of its slime material mainly includes carbohydrates, proteins and ash, and these three are ^ 592785

There is a binding operation between the feedstock and, therefore, the hydrolysate. Class, making the produced and caramelized products excellent in color and hindering the relationship, it is used for starch to use the yam hydrolysate to reduce sugar reaction, and it provides additional concentration. As a result, it is difficult for some people to extract the extract, which will be more flavorful with the amine hydrolysate. The sugar in the south is a kind of sticky substance. The tubers will not be separated, so the 4 will be fresh and delicious. In the presence of basic acids and eggs into golden yellow, the presence of hydrolytic energy can be used as the yam. The yam is made of white matter in the color of yam; the non-liquid presentation method is used to make the good starch processing limited by hydrochloric acid and high temperature medium version. The powder is water 'yam paste used for Mena Lidian powder to directly deepen the axis color, for reference. Separation Manufacturing. Due to hydrolysis, decomposition to sugar, acid decomposition reaction to hydrolyze. When the yam slime is placed at a high temperature, or it is dissolved in an electrolyte solution, or its pH is adjusted to below β or 9 or higher, its viscosity will decrease. Therefore, some people have proposed to use the properties of lactic acid bacteria to produce acid, add it to the yam tuber solution after beating, and use the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria to adjust the ρΗ value of the yam matrix to separate and recover the starch, and prepare a low starch content yam lactic acid fermentation liquid. Yam tubers contain a higher amount of fiber than ordinary tadpoles (rice, wheat, etc.). This fiber has a high water retention capacity. When sieving, the filtration speed is not only slow and will block the pores of the f screen, making the starch unable to filter, thus making starch There is always no promotion in recycling ^. However, if only the viscosity of yam slime is reduced, it will not help much to improve starch recovery. Although the roots and stems of plants containing mucopolysaccharides (especially yam) are of great value and health value, their health and functional properties are mainly in the part of the mucilage after starch separation. However, the existing conventional chemical separation methods, such as%, adding 5 salts, adding proteolytic enzymes, adding pectin or enzymatic decomposition

592785 _Case No. 92120094 V. Description of the invention (3) Enzyme and direct viscosity will lead to the destruction of the temple, some anti-oxidation separation technology, without leaving the physical and health goals in the program, urgently need to resolve the separation, at the same time, The use of acid powder and viscous shape, the ability to market is unable to be affected by the problem of chemical composition can be saved to reduce the solute liquid sales, the mountain has dropped the effective sub-conditions to the destruction of 'the purpose of separating the pH value of human liquid. There are a lot of medicinal powders. In summary, the removal of sticky matter and operation will make it nutritious in how to make the health of the sticky, how to reduce heat and anti-oxidation, hot air, and rollers. As mentioned, the existing powder, or the value of the root of the plant, will be reduced. Quality and starch Nutrition. The drying of the ingredients of the slurry is known for its function. Therefore, the invention can be summarized. This invention can recover the starch and energy ingredients. The plant hair can be used without destroying the added value. The plant root is used for fermentation according to the principle of quality. The multi-enzyme of the slime of the purpose of Daming, the separation of another starch from the rhizome of the egg, the separation of the starch from the other stem, and health food. Without destroying the health, white matter, and various trace substances in the roots and stems of the plant, it can cause the slime and achieve the effect of separating from the starch. It provides a method for effectively recovering starch when the slime is separated. The purpose of increasing the production process is to use the separation method pointed out in the present invention to produce health-care and functional slimes for the processing of future products and the application of cosmetics. The purpose of separating the starch from the rhizome of the plant and the difference in the activity of the interface between the point material and the point of separation is pointed out. This separation technology uses the higher boundary 592785 i 92120094

V. Description of the invention (4) The method of surface = nature is more easily adsorbed in the dispersed phase and connected-characteristics, in order to achieve the effect of separation. For the recovery and separation of some low-concentration substances (eg, more than thorium, etc.), because of the relatively high operating cost: Therefore: the separation is not economical. The foam separation method has a cost of $ 81 for a thin solution, and it has a high demand for energy and a complicated device; it is high and is very suitable for industrial operations. In addition, it is not always necessary to add a surfactant (foaming agent), but this can be a problem of off-process. According to the invention, the human 7 dye is separated, and in the separation (adding any bubbly fentandan private protein, w 丄 ^ side metal ions, non-metal ions _ρ = Japan, protein), It can be recovered together as a surfactant in the multi-stage process 'use of alcohol capture (a separation of foam, there is no problem that the process must be defoamed at the end of the process .: The separation method according to the present invention' first is to root the plant rhizome Department = into the homogeneous' make it a slurry liquid, and then inert gas into the slurry liquid.

The polysaccharide in the pulp liquid, with the continuous inflow of the inert gas, the inflowing gas will form a foam above the pulp liquid, and the substance with higher surface activity (for example, protein) originally present in the pulp liquid , Enzymes, metal ions, non-metal ions, and some trace substances) will tend to accumulate on the surface of the liquid phase, that is, the concentration of the substance at the liquid-gas phase interface is much higher than its concentration in any phase. These adsorptions The substance that is carried away from the liquid on the air bubble will be taken away from the liquid as the foam rises, and then the two bubbles will be removed; the final recovery will not allow this substance to be separated from the liquid and other surfaces in the liquid.

Page 10 592785 __Case No. 12120094__ Month and month η: _ V. Description of the invention (5) Effective separation of substances with low surface activity. The present invention will be further explained by referring to the following examples, which do not limit the content disclosed in the foregoing of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Implementation method As the water content in yam varies slightly between individuals, it also changes with storage time. Therefore, in order to facilitate quantification, the yam excavated from the soil can be washed with water, then peeled and cut into pieces (about 1.5 cm thick), and the yam roots can be freeze-dried without killing cyanide (VaCoI, Zirbus , Germany), and then sieved through a 100 mesh sieve to prepare yam raw powder. The above sieved yam raw powder is reconstituted with 4 times the weight of water to return ^ 80% yam mud (water content of the original fresh yam). This yam mud was added with several times the weight of water and homogenized in a homogenizer (WarnerR Mender) to prepare a diluted yam juice. Alternatively, the washed and peeled yam roots can be directly added with several times the weight of water and homogenized in a WarnerR blender to make the diluted yam juice prepared in advance through the silk process as follows: Steps to perform the separation procedure. -', The yam excavated from the soil can be washed, peeled and cut into pieces (about 1.5 cm thick) with clean water. The yam root can be directly added to the foot ^ π rule to beat, and the diluted yam juice can also be prepared. / See Figure-for the separation from yam according to the invention

Page 11 592785 _Case No. 92120094 _ Year Month Day Amendment __ V. Description of the invention (6) Schematic diagram of the method of starch and slime. First of all, the above-pre-diluted Shanledu Juice 'is injected from a dilute macerated liquid tank (10) into a Foam column (2 0). The gas in (30) is injected through the Needle valve (31) to control the flow rate, and then passed through the bubble generator (32) into the dilute juice in the foam separation column (20). In (21), a new interface is formed between the bubble and the liquid. The above-mentioned gas is preferably an inert gas. Examples include gas, carbon monoxide, helium, or neon, but not limited thereto. After that, the vinegar in the slurry (2 1) will continuously flow in with the bubbles (23) generated by the bubble generator (32) to form a foam (2 4) above the liquid surface. At this time, the surface active substance (for example, protein, enzyme, metal ion, non-metal ion or trace substance) contained in the 'slurry (21) will tend to accumulate on the surface of the liquid phase, that is, the substance The concentration of the interface between the liquid phase and the gas phase is far south than its concentration in any phase. As the bubbles (2 3) enter the gas phase from the juice (2 1) liquid, these substances will be adsorbed on the bubbles (23 ), And then is taken away from the pulp (21) with the rise of the foam (24), so that these substances can be combined with the pulp (21) and other substances with low surface activity in the pulp (21) (such as , Starch or cellulose). The above-mentioned foam (24) adsorbed with a high surface-active substance is pushed by the foam (24) generated later, and continuously rises upward in the foam separation pipe string (20), and then moves from the foam separation pipe string ( 2) The upper outlet (25) leaves the foam separation tube = (20) and enters the slime collection tube (40) for recovery. The gas flow rate can be determined by a flow rate controller (for example, a soap bubble flow meter) (not shown

Page 12 592785 ---- Case No. 921200Q4_Yanyue Yue 佟 正 __ 5. Description of the invention (7) No) to measure and adjust. In the separation procedure of the foam separation pipe column (20), its liquid level is preferably controlled between 1/3 and 2/3 of the liquid column height. Therefore, the water level control system (Water level control system) ) (22) If the liquid level exceeds 2/3 of the column height, the liquid in the tube will be automatically recovered to the dilute slime recovery tank (2 6). The liquid in the dilute slime recovery tank (26) can then be transported to the dilute slurry raw material tank (10) for reuse of the dilute yam slurry, so the water will not be wasted, and the possibility of it will be reduced. Loss of residual material. In addition, the starch slurry (27) deposited on the bottom of the foam separation pipe column (20) after foam separation can be regularly discharged into the starch liquid hydrolysis tank (28), and then the sugar-decomposing enzyme (for example, a comprehensive sugar) Decomposing enzyme, Viscozyme (L) is added to the starch liquid hydrolysis tank (28) and mixed with the starch liquid to make it react, and the starch can be recovered. Eight ~ In addition, add an appropriate amount of ethanol to the recovered slime to destroy the bubbles. The amount of ethanol used here can achieve its purpose. The surface is tied to the interfacial activity of the foam in the slime collection tube (40), which captures the bubbles and dissipates them; there are special restrictions, as long as it is acceptable, then this ethanol / mucilage mixture (44) is moved to In the object storage tank (41). Ethanol / mucilage storage left sowing, w, Shi ^ The solution recovered in the Yexiang Negative Bedding Storage Tank (41) can be heated to volatilize the ethanol. The ethanol recovered in the acetam condensation recovery unit U2) is reused, and the high-viscosity viscosity (46) can be recovered to the concentrated slime storage tank (43). Xuan Zheyou ^^ ^ ^ The heart way makes the yam slime sink, so you can recover the yam slime from here and there. 592785 _ Case No. 92119094 5. Description of the invention (8) If the concentration of yam juice for separation is too low, the combination of the desired substance and the polysaccharide will be incomplete, and the surface activity will not be high enough, which will make the separation effect poor. In addition, it will also cause the foam to break easily and cause Affects the stripping effect; however, if the initial concentration of the yam juice is too high, t causes the sugar to fill the surface of the bubble, but may prevent the substance f to be separated from adsorbing on the surface of the bubble, resulting in a poor separation effect. Sugars (surfactants) over Γ7 may also Double-layer adsorption on the surface reduces surface activity, increases hydrophilicity, and is unfavorable. In addition, when the degree of polysaccharide is increased to a certain value, the adsorption of polysaccharide on the liquid-air interface has been: saturated, excessive polysaccharide Leaving in the form of microbubbles (micelle) to dissolve ::: The formation of Daxia microbubbles is also not conducive to foam separation, i will make starch Ξϋ: and with the bubbles, it will cause poor separation. According to the inventor's m tube The optimum concentration of the diluted slime in the column is yam: water-1 · 20 ~ 35 (w / w). Dian Fangfang m invention points out that the juice is concentrated from yam, which is a schematic illustration of the implementation. When diluting yam to separate 1 fruit 7; »To reduce the chance of starch being carried away to get better == reduce excessive moisture (too much water) and eventually recover the slime, set a group or 1 knife off the official column (20) with Set in the middle of the slime collection tube (40) or-owe 1 upper ΐ = ΐ of the bubble separation tube string, so that the yam juice is separated by the foam above the flying man again, to obtain the palace powder of the human tube string, 2 = 2: In addition to recovering from the first root separation (or the third root separation Hi to the final slime collection) Pipe cutters from the official post), may also be diluted from the first - with the separation column in concentrated

Page 592 785 Correction

_ Case No. 92120094 V. Description of the invention (9) Quality = makes the recycling to the final slime collection tube fortunately low. The design of this process is the same as the general use of reflow technology. The purpose of reflow is to increase the concentration of extremely dilute solution = to use the higher concentration to remove the viscous substance in the first tube, and then to adjust the viscous substance concentration to appropriate This will prevent Yotsuji from leaving and get a dry, eventually recovered slime. The most important factor that affects the separation effect of foam is that it can adsorb the surface of the substance to be separated, or the best interface activator in the system, and it also has foaming properties 是 et component. —General recovery of physical properties of the target may cause secondary pollution problems. The interface is active in the system, and in the process of separation (protein, enzyme, gold transfer-no metal ions and trace substances will be stored), Listen to non-sex agents. The protein molecule is a kind of bimorphism: two parts of the mass recovery group (polar group) and hydrophobic group (non-polar group) ^, there is a hydrophilic aqueous solution, while the non-polar portion prefers to stay at =, 々 tends to stay at the interface Can provide these two different environments. Yam :: = In phase, just like the glycoprotein structure, carbohydrates, proteins, and ^ 1 substances exist as a relationship, and the binding relationship is not simple. = 2: The combination between the two will help to use the bubble. Detach the system to: 1. Separation of these relationships from starch. In addition, the viscosity of the syrup juice. In addition, the diameter of the foam separation tube (20) needs to be matched with the diameter, as long as it can produce bubbles; the vibrator (32) can be evenly distributed in the package.

Page 15 592785 Amendment No. i 9212〇nQ4 V. Description of the invention (10) ^ In the shell, that is, V 'is not particularly limited here. The concentration of the material in the book is less than that of 2 / foam, and the foam can push each other away from the separation tube. The β and s t f direct service and height do not affect the separation effect. # 质 物 质量 = Large, the bubble that wants to leave the column must maintain its surface tension instead of: 2 4 Straight = Too large a column will cause the concentration of slime to be too low, causing the bubble to rupture before leaving the column, affecting recovery effectiveness. Collecting $ 2 = 物 The substance can increase the gas flow rate and can be used in a shorter time for agricultural solutions. But the disadvantage is that too fast gas velocity often also makes the substance, which does not help improve the recovery rate. The thicker viscous Li caused more of the powder in the first tube to be taken away and recovered to the viscous collection tube at a flow rate of ^ 3ri = f. The existence of gas-optimized μ substances hinders the powder-killing separation operation. The method of # Γ ^ is used to obtain a larger effect of separating the slime and starch. Separation of I substances will improve the separation of the knife, such as reusing comprehensive hearing-decomposing enzymes (such as Vls II).

PectmexOin tra Sp —L can be homogeneous and will effectively reduce the viscosity of the slime. The slime and fiber quickly pass through the sieve, and the yield of the separated starch is not only higher than 94%, but also can be used in the operation of the present invention. The simple dilution of the equipment can be improved by parallel operation of multiple tubes, and more than ten official columns are operated in parallel to increase the output. The present invention provides a kind of yam that can be effectively used in the processing process to isolate yam. Page 16 592785

The method of correction of lake and slime. This separation method, with its low energy requirements, simple equipment, and low operation and maintenance costs, makes this system extremely promising for use in yam or other slime separation systems. High-concentration (concentrated) yam slime can be used for future fermentation, health-care processing, and applications in cosmetic processes. When the slime is separated according to the method of the present invention, the starch can be efficiently recovered without increasing the starch damage to increase the added value of the process. Example 1 Take Dioscorea japonica Thunb var. Pseudo japonica Yamamoto, which is commercially available, wash, peel, cut into pieces, freeze dry without killing cyanide, and then sieve to obtain yam raw powder. The yam raw powder was reconstituted with reverse osmosis water to return 80% yam mud (water content of fresh yam). A direct-controlled 30 mm bubble generator (p〇re size = 0.2 / zm) was used with two 100 cm (separation column ν〇 · I) and 70 cm (separation column No. II) heights and diameters of 42 mm and 30 mm foam separation columns, as well as slime collection tubes (65 cm in length and 4 cm in diameter) for separation procedures. Dilute (about 1: 25 ~ 30) the diluted yam syrup of the initial / Chendu yam mud with a material flow of 18 g / mi η (about 1: 25 ~ 30) in a separation tube containing 480 ml (about 1/3 column) (No · 1), and the liquid level is controlled at 450-520 column to maintain the optimum concentration in bubble unseparated column No. 1, and to maintain 100 m 1 of water in the second column, To prevent the starch from being carried away.

Page 17 592785 ΛΜ. 92120094 V. Description of the invention (12) In the diluted yam syrup, a new interface is formed between air bubbles and liquid. The foam was re-passed and separated by a column of swimming separation tube No .; [丨 further separated, and finally recovered into a viscous collection tube. The gas flow rate is measured by a soap bubble flow meter. The foam separation tube No. I and π respectively control the liquid level at the liquid column height of 1/3 and 2/3 through the water ievel control system. If the liquid level exceeds this position, the tube will be automatically recovered. Liquid to dilute slime recovery tank. The liquid in the dilute slime recovery tank will be reused to dilute the yam juice, so the water will not be wasted, and the loss of possible residual substances in it will be reduced. The starch syrup in the foam separation column No. I and II will be discharged to the starch liquid hydrolysis tank at regular intervals. 2% of the comprehensive carbohydrate-decomposing enzyme (Viscozym # L) is added to the mash and mixed with the starch liquid evenly. After stirring at 60 ° C for 18 hours at room temperature, the starch can be recovered by sieving. In addition, add 1/3 column height 95% ethanol to the slime collection tube, and the liquid level control system maintains the liquid level at 1/3 to 1/2. The recovery solution is heated and cooled by ethanol. The ethanol recovered in the mouth-receiving device will be stored in the high concentration slime storage tank. Bei Chu u received, Chen shrink After separation, it can be separated into 86. Soluble polysaccharide and 3. , 2% (3.98 / 13.2) protein, (such as = household) shown in Comparative Example 1 Add about 2 5 ~ 80% of the water content obtained in Example 1 30 times the weight of the reverse osmosis water to obtain Diluted yam juice ^ b

Page 18 592785 I_ Case No. 92120094 __ Month and Day _ Amendment _____ | V. Description of the invention (13) Dilute the yam juice at 0 ° C at 8,000 rpm (7,263xg, 500 丨 ml) / bottle) relative centrifugal force (RCF) (CR21 (i Centrifuge, I Hitachi, Japan) for 30 minutes to separate the powder and slime in the yam juice. After centrifugation, the separated precipitate (starch mud) ) And the upper layer transparent | clear viscous clear liquid (mucus). Ί After analyzing its composition calculation, it can be known that conventional centrifugation can be used to extract 2 · 0 7g of crude mucus from table (Table 2) The composition analysis results showed that the mannan in the centrifugation method only accounted for 9.2%, while the rest were mostly proteins (82.6%). It was only 56% (0.19 / 3.4) of the mannan content in yam. ), The protein content is 13% (1 · 71/13 · 2). Comparative Example 2 The precipitate obtained after centrifugation in Comparative Example 1 was added with 3 to 5 times its weight of reverse osmosis water, and mixed evenly. Furthermore, the method of bubble bath separation as described in Example 1 was used to separate the slime and powder. After analysis and calculation, the comparison was carried out. After a centrifugation, the precipitate obtained after centrifugation can be used to extract 4 · 32g of crude slime (Table 2). At this time, the crude slime extracted can be analyzed to obtain 48.8% of mannan. Protein accounted for 34.5%. The total of all the secondary separations in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 was totaled; 6.39 g of crude slime could be separated (mannan accounted for 23 g, protein accounted for 3.20 g, and the rest was Ash content), soluble polysaccharides of about 67.6% and protein of ^ (Table 2).

592785 — __Case No. 92120094, the master of the day ___ V. Description of the invention (14) Example 2 Take the commercially available Yangmingshan yam (primary species) (D. alata L.) after washing, peeling and cutting Block, without killing cyanide, add 25 to 30 times the weight of water and homogenize to obtain diluted yam juice. Next, the dilute yam juice was subjected to foam separation using the equipment and conditions described in Example 1. After separation, it was compared with Table 1 to calculate that 98.6% soluble polysaccharides and 56.8% proteins could be separated, as shown in Table 3. As shown. Comparative Example III The relative centrifugal force (RCF) (CR21G Centrifuge, Hitachi) of the diluted yam juice obtained in Example 2 at 0,000 rpm (7,263 xg, 50 ml / bottle) at 0 ° C, Japan) Centrifuge for 30 minutes to separate the powder and slime from the yam juice. After centrifugation, a clear precipitate can be obtained and the upper layer is transparent and viscous. After analyzing its composition and calculation, it can be known that 6.54 g of crude slime can be extracted from 100 g by the conventional centrifugation method (Table 3). The composition analysis results showed that the mannan in the centrifugation method only accounted for 6.0%, while most of the rest were proteins (83 · 8%). Comparative Example 4 The precipitate obtained after centrifugation in Comparative Example 3 was added with 3 to 5 times its weight of reverse osmosis water and mixed well, and then the slime was separated by the foaming method described in Example 2 and starch. After analysis and calculation, the precipitate obtained after centrifugation in Comparative Example 3

Page 20 592785-Case No. 92120094 Month Day Amendment ____ V. Description of the invention (15) The material ′ can be extracted with another 20 g of crude slime by the foam separation method (Table 3). 8%。 The plate-shaped slime extracted at this time, the composition of the analysis was analyzed to make up 60.0% of mannose and 83.8% of protein. A total of 26.60 g of crude slime (mannan accounted for i6.88 g, protein accounted for 8.06 g, and the remainder was ash) and about 104.2% of soluble polysaccharides were separated from all the secondary separations in Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4. And 48.6% protein (Table 3). Comparative Example 5

After reconstituting the precipitated starch mud obtained by centrifugation in Comparative Example 3, and then performing another centrifugation under the same centrifugation conditions in Comparative Example 3, 0.27 g of slime can be obtained, which is about the centrifugation in Comparative Example 3. 4% of the obtained crude slime (Table 4). In total, the total thickness of the crude slime obtained in Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 5 was 6.81 g, which is only 25.5% of the amount of crude slime obtained in Example 2. Comparative Example 6 The same method as described in Comparative Examples 3 and 5 was used, and it was also subjected to centrifugation in the rain. However, the relative centrifugal force was changed to 5, 975 X g, and the centrifugal speed was still 8,000 rpm. After the first centrifugation, 2% saccharide-decomposing enzyme (VisczymeR L4PectinexR Ultra SP-L) was added to the yam paste. Stir at 250 rpm at room temperature for at least 8 hours. This step will reduce the viscosity of the yam slime and produce a good layering phenomenon. Using this enzyme hydrolysis method, and

Page 21 592785 Prime No. 92120091 V. Explanation of the invention (16) After the second centrifugation (RCF = 5, 9 7 5 X g), more crude slime can be obtained (3 4 · 1 in the first centrifugation) %), But the total amount of secondary also only accounted for 29.3% of the total bubble separation, and the hydrolyzed slime was not sticky, and it was not possible to use the bubble separation method to separate the remaining soluble protein and protein (Table Comparative Example 7 The diluted yam juice obtained in Example 2 was centrifuged and left to stand for 18 hours at 4 ° C without centrifugation, so that the slime and starch slurry were naturally separated, and the upper part was removed by siphon method. After centrifugation, the total amount of the slime was about 11.51 g. After analyzing its composition, it was found that the content of water-soluble polysaccharides accounted for 62.1% of the crude slime and 32.2% of the protein (Table 4). After re-watering the precipitated starch mud obtained above, and then separating it by the foam separation method described in Example 2, a further 1.07 g of crude slime can be obtained, and the total of the two times can be 2 2 · 0 8 g. , But still lower than the amount obtained in Example 2. (Table 4) Example 6: Separation at the same number of revolutions (8,000 rpm) but lower relative centrifugal force (rcf = 5,975xg) showed that the yield of crude slime was similar (6.54g / 5.83g), but water-soluble The percentage of polysaccharides and proteins is very different. Higher relative centrifugal force (RCF = 7, 2 63 X g) will cause the water-soluble polysaccharide to settle and the content of soluble polysaccharides will be lower (6.0%). ), The relative protein percentage (83 · 8%) is also relatively increased; by reducing the relative centrifugal force (rcf = 5,975 X g), more water-soluble polysaccharides can be separated in the slime (23.7%), and protein

Page 592 785

Case No. 92120094 V. Description of the invention (IIΌ The percentage (66.4%) is also relatively reduced. Comparing with the seventh embodiment, it can be verified that centrifugation will physically destroy the structure of the original glycoprotein and cause differences among carbohydrates, proteins and ash. The ratio of sedimentation; the greater the relative centrifugal force, the larger the molecular weight of the polysaccharide will settle in the starch mud, and the ratio of the smaller molecular weight protein increases. Only the centrifugal force is not good; it will destroy the carbohydrates in the yam muco-glycoprotein , Protein and ash three: the original binding relationship between them. It can be inferred that & sugar two in the drug slime; white matter (cool protein), which may be combined in a simple complex two way (complex), should be It is not in the form of covalent bonds =. Therefore, when separating yam mucilage and starch, if the separation method / = is appropriate (using relative centrifugal force is too large or the sample sampling concentration is too low), hydrolysis ♦ = sample. Mouth, even unable The existence of sucrose in yam was analyzed by high energy liquid chromatography. Κ

Page 23 592785 Case No. 92120094_Year Month Day Amendment V. Description of the Invention (18) Soluble Polyvinegar ___ (%) ^ 2 ^ Shout w 60.6 77.4 Crude Protein _____ (%) 16.6 13.2 (N m ^ ΓΟ crude fiber m_ 00 1 > (N CN 4 w 0.30 0.28 .Le. 1 § Sickle 1 S Ground 1 ¾ S 0 $ ^: 沴 ros ¥ Umbrella φι ^ ". 0 ^^ Meal SQ a Wei • tmil 1 $ 7 -tfh ^ Let bJQ 〇 rH ash yield (%) 8.21% 16.67% 13.93% 5.59% Composition of crude slime bJQ 82.61% 34.49% 50.08% 54.22%% 1.71 1.49 * 3.20 3.98 * Mannan g yield (%) 9.18 % 48.84% 35.99% 40.19% 0.19 ** 2.11 * 2.30 * σ \ ri Crude slime bJD 2.07 * 4.32 * 6.39 7.34 * Separation method I-! | ° ok Lulu •• HH Total II foam separation method ( SAG)% torH > asHV% orH; —rl ^ Q. ^ S ^ Page 24 592785 Case No. 92120094_Year Month Day Amendment V. Description of Invention (19) Qin 〇6 cd e cd cd o 〇Oh C3 '^ ❹ C / 3 Dh Q ί is? .Fh > Life bD Ο rH Ash yield (%) 10.25% 4.94% 6.24% 4.94% Μ 4 Probability bJO 83.79% 12.86% 30.30% 35.25% 5.48 * 2.58 * 8.06 9.42 * Manna Glycan g yield (%) 5.96% 82.20 % 63.46% 59.81% 0.39 ** 16.49 * 16.88 15.98 * Crude slime_ bJD 6.54 * 20.06 * 26.60 26.72 * Separation method 6! | To 1% 〇〇 " •• Let ’s use the | HH Total II foam separation method

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Page 25 592785 Zheng Xiu_Case No. 92120094_Year Month and Day V. Description of the invention (20) # ^ w ^ 0 # Take M 〇6 λ 6 > S See also 〇Dh Λ ¥ s S- Q ϊΐ -tfr ^ Female Μ Ο τΗ Ash yield (%) 10.25% N / AN / A 4 4 ¥ Μ 83.79% N / AN / A 5.48 * N / AN / A Mannan g yield (%) 5.96% 88.89% 9.25% 0.39 ** 0.24 * 0.63 Crude slime_S_ 6.54 * 0.27 * τ-Η 00 vd First centrifugation Second centrifugation total separation method I RCF = 7,263xg (8,000 rpm) V / N ref. 6 V / N ^ 8Γ99 V / N * Αοο · ε% (ΝΓ inch (N §9 · ε (Ν * 00inchΌ * 00εΊ * 66Ί * εοο · ιο V / NV / NV / N 900Ί (N00S 41- ^ {^ ίοοιΓ, ίΐϊίΓ (UI & 00000) ♦ 鮏 long φ 黢 stall 黢 CNgxp ^ vo 妾 病)? Nickel ^ “派 = feuH y! ^! ^! l! · ^! Taste 5.66% 2.09% 2.64% 4.94% 32.21 % 16.70% 24.81% 35.25% 3.71 * 1.77 * 5.48 9.42 * 62.13% 83.91% 72.55% 59.81% 7.15 * 00 00 16.02 15.98 * 11.51 * 10.57 * 22.08 26.72 * 00 4ttL m long HH s total foam separation method (ln < e % ioT-HvasH > ^ ou * e < u)% 0rH > as ^ u (tap ^^^ £ ^ 00ΐ * (§§ / · α · 8 ¥ αοοΗ Page 26, 592785, Case No. 92120094, a brief description of the modified diagram. The first diagram is a schematic diagram of the method for separating starch and mucilage from yam according to the present invention. The second diagram is the separation from yam according to the present invention. Schematic diagram of another embodiment of the method for producing starch and slime. Simple description of element representative symbols 10 Dilution juice raw material tank 20 Foam separation column 21 Slurry 22 Liquid level control system 23 Bubbles 24 Bubbles 25 Discharge outlet 26 Dilution viscosity Material recovery tank 27 Starch slurry 28 Starch liquid hydrolysis tank 30 South pressure gas bottle 31 Needle valve 32 Bubble generator 40 Viscosity collection tube 41 Ethanol / viscous storage tank 42 Ethanol condensation recovery device 43 Concentrated viscous storage tank 44 Ethanol / Mucus mixture liquid Iϋϋ Page 27 592785 Case No. 92120094 Revised diagram, simple explanation 45 Vaporized ethanol 4 6 Mucus 47 Gas outlet

Page 28 II!

Claims (1)

592785 __92120094__ 年月 日 __ Amendment 6. Scope of Patent Application '" · " ^ ~-1 · A method for separating starch and slime from the roots and stems of plants, the + step of which at least includes:' 少 (a ) Adding water to the plant rhizome to prepare a diluted slurry; (b) passing gas into the diluted slurry to cause foam at the gas-liquid interface;! (C) the recovery step (the adsorption of the The foam of the slime; (d) the starch slurry precipitated on the bottom of the diluted slurry in the recovery step (b); 2. the method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the dilution in the step (a) In the juice, the ratio of the root and stem of the plant to water is 1: 2 0 ~ 3 5 (w / w) 0! 3 · The method according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plant is selected from the group consisting of yam, taro The group consisting of potato, lotus root, sweet potato, sweet potato, and water chestnut. 4 · The method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the gas system in step (b) is an inert gas. 5 · As a patent application The method described in item 4 of the scope, wherein the inert gas includes but is not limited to Gas, carbon dioxide, helium or neon. 6 · The method according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the flow rate of the gas passed in step (b) is 20 ~ 30 cubic centimeters per second. 7 · such as The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein when recovering the viscous substance, after the step (c), it may further include / add to the recovered foam a substance that can destroy the activity of the foam interface, and stir to Collect viscous deposits of the slime. 8 · The method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, in which the foam can be destroyed 592785 The alcohol is a substance with low interfacial activity, including fermentation. Process-grade alcohols as described in item 8 of the scope of patent application. 1 〇 The method described in item 9 of the scope of patent application. The carbon number is 1 to 5. 1 1 · According to the method applied for in item 7 of the scope of patent application, that is, 1 A Y captures a lot of colloidal yam. Shellfish precipitates can be further freeze-dried or recovered after u. … To remove the alcohol 12, ^ Please refer to the method described in item 7 of the patent scope, wherein the slime precipitate can be returned to the precipitate by centrifugation. 13. The method described in item 丄 of the patent scope, wherein Step (d) may further include adding a carbohydrate-decomposing enzyme to the starch polymer, and sieving P after mixing to recover the flour. , Satami, 1 · A mucoid with high surface activity isolated from the rhizome of hawthorn, which is separated from the rhizome of the plant by the following separation method, and its steps include at least & (a ) Adding water to the plant rhizome to prepare a diluted slurry; (b) passing gas into the diluted slurry to form a foam at the gas-liquid interface; 1 (c) the slime is adsorbed in the recovery step (b) The foam is allowed to obtain the slime; " " Wherein, the plant is selected from the group consisting of yam, taro potato, lotus root, sweet potato, mochi potato and water chestnut. 15. The slime as described in item 13 of the scope of patent application, wherein this step Page 30 592785 ---- Case No. 921200Q4__ 手 — 月 日 __H VI. In the diluted sap in the patent application scope (a), the ratio of the plant's rhizome to water is 1.20 ~ 35 (w / w) . 16 · The slime according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the gas in step (b) is an inert gas. 17. The slime according to item 6 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the inert gas includes but is not limited to nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium or neon. 18. The slime according to item 14 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the flow rate of the gas passed in step (b) is 20-30 cm3 / sec. 19 · The slime described in item 14 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the slime obtained in step (c) can be further added with alcohol and stirred to obtain a purified slime. 20 • The slime according to item 19 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the alcohol is a lower alcohol. 21. The slime according to item 20 of the scope of patent application, wherein the carbon number of the lower alcohol is 1 to 5. 22. The slime according to item 19 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the purified slime can be further recovered by freeze-drying or heating to remove the alcohol. 23. The slime according to item 19 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the purified slime can be further recovered by centrifugation. 2 4 · —A device for separating starch present in the roots and stems of plants from mucilages, comprising at least: a foam separation pipe string, a foam discharge port is arranged at the top, and Page 31 592785 ---- Case No. 92120094__Year Month ——Sixty-five, there is a starch slurry discharge port at the side of the patent application, a foam generator is set inside, and the raw material slurry can be generated after passing in the gas. Foam; a collection tube connected to the foam discharge port above the bubble trap separation string via a pipeline, so that the foam generated from the foam generator can enter the collection tube through the foam discharge port; and The pipeline is connected to the raw material tank in the middle of the foam separation pipe string; wherein the foam separation pipe string is controlled by a liquid level control system, and the liquid level of the inside 4 is within a set range. When the liquid level exceeds the When setting the range value, the raw material can be returned to the raw material tank through the pipeline. 5. The device as described in item 24 of the patent scope of Shenyang, wherein the starch slurry discharge port can be further connected to a powder hydrolyzing tank through a pipeline, so that the powder slurry discharged from 26 can be used for starch recovery. • The device described in item 24 of the scope of patent application, where the plant root disaster department is a diluted slurry obtained by adding water and homogenizing first. 2? The device according to item 24 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the level of the liquid level is 1% and the range is between 1/3 and 2/3 of the column south. 28. The device according to item 24 of the scope of application for a patent, wherein the pipeline connecting the bubble knife exit from the bubble bead outlet and the remote collection tube is connected to a flow rate controller for Control the flow rate of the bubble into the collection tube through the foam port. 29 · The device according to item 24 of the scope of patent application, wherein the foam discharge port above the bubble bed separation column is connected to the collection tube through the pipeline, and then can be advanced-at least one foam separation tube connected in series is first connected 'Post-column' is then connected to the collection tube to form a series of connection paths to strengthen 592785 _Case No. 92120094_Year Month Date_ί ± ί._ VI. Scope of patent application Separation effect. 30. The device according to item 24 of the scope of patent application, wherein the foam separation pipe string is composed of at least one foam separation pipe string connected in parallel via a pipeline. 31. The device according to item 29 of the scope of patent application, wherein at least one of the foam separation pipe strings is controlled by a liquid level control system for its liquid level. Page 33