經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 ------B7____ 五、發明說明〇 ) (發明的背景技術） (發明的技術說明） 本發明係有關於液晶顯示裝置，特別是有關於，具備 爲了將密封構成液晶層之液晶組成物之一對之基板間之距 離’保持之一定之用之新穎的構成之間隔件之液晶顯示裝 置及其製法。 (先前技術之說明） 做爲筆記型電腦或電腦監視器用之高精細且可以彩色 顯示之顯示設備而廣泛的採用液晶顯示裝置。 此種液晶顯示裝置，基本上可以大分類爲，至少一方 乃由透明的玻璃、塑膠等所成之至少二片之基板之面向的 間隙間挾持液晶組成物而構成之所謂液晶面板，而對於上 述液晶面板之基板形成之畫素形成用之各種電極選擇的施 加電壓以資實施規定之繪素之點燈及息燈之單純矩陣型， 及形成有上述各種電極及畫素選擇用之有源元件而藉由選 擇此有源元件以資實施規定之畫素之點燈及息燈之有源矩 陣型。 而有源矩陣型液晶顯示裝置中，使用了薄膜電晶體（ T F T )乃該有源元件之代表者。而使用薄膜電晶體之液 晶顯示裝置乃由於，薄、輕，且具有比美於影像管之高畫 質之點因此非常的普及廣泛的做爲〇A機器之顯示終端機 用之監視器。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------1T----------· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 -——_ B7____ 五、發明說明θ ) 此液晶顯不裝置之顯7K方式，乃由液晶之驅動方法之 不同而有下述之二方式。 其一係，以構成有透明電極之二片基板來挾持液晶組 成物，對於各別之透明電極分別賦加電極使液晶組成物動 作，而將透過透明電極而入射於液晶組成物之層予以調製 以資顯示之方式。現在所普及之製品之大部份之方式係採 用此方式。 另一方式係，藉由在構成於同一基板上所構成之二個 電極之間之基板面上之，大致平行的形成之電場而.使液晶 動作，調制由二個電極之間隙入射於液晶組成物之層之光 而予以顯示之方式者。此方式亦呼稱謂「橫電場方式」或 I P S ( In-Plane-Switching)方式，採用此有源矩陣型液 晶顯示裝置即具有視野角之非常廣寬之特徵。 關於此方式之特徵，例如記述於日本專利公報、特表 平5 — 505247號、特公昭63 — 21907號、特 開平6 — 1 6 0 8 7 8號等文獻上。下面將此方式之液晶 顯示裝置稱之謂「橫電場方式之液晶顯示裝置」。 第1 4圖係用於說明，以橫電場方式之液晶顯示裝置 所形成之電場之要部說明圖。 此液晶顯示裝置乃在一方之基板S U B 1上形成有影 像訊號線D L、面向電極C T、畫素電極P X，且備有成 膜形成於這些之上層之保護膜P S V與液晶組成物L C之 層之界面之指向控制層〇R I 1。又於另一方之基板 S U B 2上具有，以黑矩陣B Μ所區劃之彩色濾光器 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -------------------1T---------- (請先閱讀背面之注音3事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 B7 ___ 五、發明說明P ) F I L ’覆罩這些上層而使彩色濾光器及黑矩陣之構成材 之不致於對於構成液晶層L C之液晶組成物（下面簡稱液 晶）有所影響地予以成膜之覆蓋層〇 C，以及形成於與液 晶L C之層之界面之指向控制層〇r I 2。 於另一方基板SUB 1上之G1及A OF乃絕緣膜。 影像訊號線D L係由導電膜d 1及d 2之二層所成。面向 電極C T係由導電膜g 1所成。畫素電極p X係由導電膜 g 2所成。 又一對基板S U B 1與S U B 2之間之距離（液晶組 成物層之厚度或間隔、單元間隙（Cell-Gap )係通常在於 兩基板之間，介著分散狀配置之球狀之間隔件（不圖示） 而設定成爲規定之値。而在基板SUB 1與基板SUB2 之外面即分別設置有偏光板P〇L 1、P〇L 2。 再者雖然與橫電場方式之液晶顯示裝置沒有關連，在 曰本專利公報特開平9 一 7 3 〇 8 8號揭示有，替代於此 種球狀之間隔件，而在於彩色濾光器基板之保護層上，於 基板上固定的形成圓錐狀之間隔件，或疊層了該彩色濾光 層，固定的形成圓柱狀之間隔件之技術。 在於上述特開平9 - 7 3 0 8 8號公報所揭示之發明 中，如果是球狀之間隔件時即爲了解決由間隙件之周邊部 之漏光所致之對比之降低，或在於將間隔件散致於基板上 之過程，而由於間隔件之被配置爲不均一由而引起顯示之 不良之問題，而採取將間隔件固定於基板之措致。 又在同公報特開平7 - 3 2 5 2 9 8號乃揭示一種保 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------tr----------^^1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 A7 B7 i、發明說明（4 ) 持基板間之間隔件之形成方法，乃於基板上疊層該於底座 薄膜塗佈了感光性樹脂之感光性片，後採用包含介著遮蔽 罩之曝光及影像之光蝕過程者。這些用於使間隔件之膜厚 均一化以資防止色斑（不均勻）者。 (發明之槪說） 本發明之欲解決之課題有二個。 其中之一乃，將間隔件固定於基板地予以形成之液晶 顯示裝置之問題。斯後，將這樣予以固定之間隔件呼稱謂 ^主狀間隔件」。 由於間隔件乃爲了使單元間隙維持於均一爲目的所形 成，所以柱狀間隔件之膜厚之均一化之要求須嚴苛。因此 例如上述之特開平7 - 3 2 5 2 9 8號公報乃對於基板上 疊層預先在於底座薄膜上，以均一之膜厚的形成了感光性 樹脂之感光性片，經過了光蝕法之製程來製作成柱狀間隔 件。 此方法與採用旋轉塗覆法（Spin-Coating methode)而 對於基板上塗佈感光性樹脂之方式相比時，可謂在膜厚之 均一性之觀點而言優異。惟由於在於疊層了感光性片之光 倉虫法製程時之曝光之照射強度之面內分佈之均一性，或在 於顯像過程時之面內不均一性等而仍然會發生基板面內及 各基板上之柱狀間隔件之膜厚有所不均（偏差）。因此會 發生起於單元之間隙之不均一之暉度之不均勻。 再者，在於液晶顯示裝置之製造上，間隔件之機械性 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -—丨ί丨訂---------" 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 Α7 _ Β7 五、發明說明p ) 質將成爲要件之一。按液晶顯示裝置之基板表面並非絕對 平坦，而具有微小（1 A m以下）之階級（高低）差。雖 然間隔件之膜厚均一，惟由於被配置間隔件之部份之高低 有偏差，因此如欲使單元之間隙均一，即須將間隔件壓扁 於二基板之間，或使間隔件陷入於基板上之構成層內。所 以對於柱狀間隔件也被要求具備與球狀間隔件同等之彈性 ，硬度等之特性。惟對於由感光性樹脂等之有機材料所成 之柱狀間隔件上要求，該由玻璃、氧化矽等之無機材料所 成之球狀間隔件或由塑料系材料所成之球狀間隔件之同等 之機械的性質係非常困難之事。 本發明所欲解決之課題之第二件乃關於橫電場方式之 液晶顯示裝置之畫素設計之事項。 按如先前技術地設法加大電極間之距離，或提高黑矩 陣BM之光學濃度乃有下述之問題。 爲了使影像訊號線D L與面向電極C T之間，或這些 影像訊號線D L與1畫素電極P X間之電場強度變小起見 而將這些訊號線與電極之間之距離擴大時，顯示畫素之領 域不得不變狹，招致由於畫素之開口率之降低所致之暉度 之降低或增加消費電力。 另一方面爲了提高黑矩陣BM之光學濃度有下述之問 題。 按橫電場方式之液晶顯示裝置時黑矩陣B Μ須要高電 阻。（例如特開平9 一 4 3 5 8 9號公報）。黑矩陣Β Μ 之電氣特性係對於大致平行於基板之橫電場之形成上有所 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 ___B7____ 五、發明說明（？) 影響，如果黑矩陣B Μ之電阻低時，無法形成理想的橫電 場，會發生，暉度之低落，對比之低落，以及視野角變狹 等問題。 欲使黑矩陣Β Μ成爲高電阻，以使用顏料分散型感光 性樹脂爲宜。此時爲了提高黑矩陣Β Μ之光學濃度而增大 感光性樹脂中之顏料濃度比時，由於樹脂濃度會低落所以 光蝕製程之加工精度會劣化。具體的說，會發生解像度（ 曝光時）之低落，影像容限之降低，以及顏料殘渣之發生 等等問題。 再者如欲藉由加厚黑矩陣之膜厚來提高光學濃度時， 乃會使彩色濾光器之平坦性劣化，導致指向控制層 〇R 1 2之摩擦性之劣化，或使單元間隙之均一化變爲困 難，招致回應速度之劣化等之顯示品質之不良。 本發明乃爲了解決上述二個課題所創作，其第1目的 乃提供一種，會顯示畫面內之暉度得於均一化，且不會降 低開口率，且使用比較低光學濃度之黑矩陣之下仍然不會 招致對比或暉度之降低，不會發生失真之液晶顯示裝置者 〇 本發明之第2目的乃提供一種上述液晶顯示裝置之製 造方法者。 爲了達成上述目的，本發明乃具備有：以各均一之密 度的包含大致相當於形成於構成液晶面板之一對之基板之 間之液晶層之厚度之粒子之柱狀間隔件之點上有特徵者。 列舉達成本發明之目的之構成乃’如下述（1 )〜（ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ---------------------tr·---------. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 __B7_ 五、發明說明《) 3 )。 即（1 )具備：至少一方係透明之一對基板，乃形成 於上述一對之基板之一方之彩色顯示用之色彩不同之至少 二種以上之彩色濾光器及介置於各彩色濾光器之間之黑矩 陣，及形成於上述一對之基板上之電極群，及於上述一對 之基板之間備有介電方向異性之液晶層及令構成液晶層之 液晶組成物之分子指向，指向於規定之方向用之指向控制 層之液晶面板，以及對於上述電極群施加驅動電壓用之驅 動機構。 而在於上述一對基板之至少一方，設置了由均一的分 散了大致相等所欲之液晶層之厚度之大小之粒子之樹脂而 成之柱狀間隔件爲特徵之液晶顯示裝置。 由於採用此構成因此可以令顯示畫面內之暉度均一化 ，可以獲得不會有對比或暉度之降低及不會有失真之液晶 顯示裝置。 (2 )令上述構成（1 )中之上述柱狀間隔件中所含 之粒子之徑小於上述液晶面板之黑矩陣間所形成之畫素之 中央部份之液晶層之厚度。 由於採用此構成，所以可以獲得顯示畫面內之暉度之 均一化，又開口率之不低落’不發生對比、暉度之低落又 沒有發生失真之液晶顯示裝置° (3 )令上述構成（1 )或（2 )中之上述柱狀間隔 件之電容率（介電常數、或導電率高於構成上述液晶層之 液晶組成物之電容率或導電率’並且將上述柱狀間隔件形 --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公髮） -IU - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 -------B7___ 五、發明說明@ ) 成於配置於得以上述黑矩陣所隱蔽之位置之上述訊號配線 與共同配線之間之一部份。 由於採用此構成，因此可以獲得顯示畫面內之暉度之 得於均一化，開口率不低落，使用比較低之光學濃度之黑 矩陣之下仍然不會有對比之低落、暉度之降低，以及不會 有發生失真之液晶顯示裝置也。 爲了達成上述第2目的，本發明乃在於形成，具備有 以各均一之密度的包含大致相等於形成於構成液晶面板之 一對基板之間之液晶層之厚度之粒子之柱狀間隔件之點上 有特徵。 列舉達成本發明之第2目的之典型的液晶顯示裝置之 製造方法，即如下述之（4 )、 （ 5 )。 (4 ) 一種液晶顯示裝置之製造方法，主要係具備： 至少一方係透明之一對基板，及形成於上述一對之基板之 一方之用於顯示色彩之用，不同色彩之至少二種以上之彩 色濾光器，及用於隔開上述彩色濾光器之間之黑矩陣，及 形成於上述一對之基板之另一方上之包含訊號配線及共同 配線之電極群，及插入於以規定之間隔地相面向之上述一 對之基板之間，且備有介電各向異性之液晶層，及爲了上 述液晶層之分子排列排列於規定之方向之用之指向控制層 ，及形成於上述一對之基板之至少一方，且具有將由與上 述液晶層之所欲之厚度大致相等之大小之粒子、密度均一 地分散之樹脂而成之柱狀間隔件之液晶面板，以及分別於 上述一對之基板之各個地，以各個之偏光軸成交叉狀地予 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） I— !1 ei — — —---- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 B7__ 五、發明說明（？) 以疊層之一對偏光板’以及對於上述電極群施加驅動電壓 用之驅動機構之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法， 其特徵爲，具備有： 在於底座薄膜之表面貼合，疊層該混入了與上述規定 之間隔大致相等之粒徑之粒子之感光性樹脂層之感光性轉 印片之上述感光性樹脂層側，使之面向於上述一對之基板 之一方，而予以貼合， 介著’備有對應於上述柱狀間隔件之形成位置之開口 圖樣之遮蔽罩而將上述感光性樹脂曝光，而將上述感光性 樹脂予以顯像，將該感光樹脂層之被曝光之部份留存於上 述一對基板之一方，除去非曝光部份，以資形成大致相等 於上述液晶層之厚度之大小之粒子之略均一地分散之樹脂 所成之柱狀間隔件者。 由於採用上述之製造方法，可以製造出，顯示畫面內 之暉度得於均一化，開口率之不會降低，使用了比較低的 光學濃度之黑矩陣之下，仍然不會發生對比以及暉度之低 落，更不會有失真之發生之液晶顯示裝置也。 (5 ) —種液晶顯示裝置之製造方法，主要乃具備： 至少一方係透明之一對基板，及形成於上述一對之基板之 一方之用於顯示色彩之用，不同色彩之至少二種以上之彩 色濾光器，及用於隔開上述彩色濾光器之間之黑矩陣，及 形成於上述一對之基板之另一方上之包含訊號配線及共同 配線之電極群，及在於以規定之間隔地相面向之上述一對 基板之間之具有介電各向異性之液晶層，及爲了上述液晶 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -rz - --------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明〇〇 ) 層之分子排列排列於規定之方向之用之指向控制層，及在 於形上述一對之基板之至少一方，具有將由與上述液晶層 所欲之厚度大致相等之大小之粒子、及密度均一地分散之 樹脂而成之柱狀間隔件之液晶面板，以及分別於上述一對 之基板之各個地，以各個之偏光軸成交叉狀地予以疊層之 一對偏光板，以及對於上述電極群施加驅動電壓用之驅動 機構之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法中，其特徵爲，具備有： 在於底座薄膜之表面貼合，疊層該混入了與上述規定 之間隔大致相等之粒徑之粒子之熱熔著樹脂層之熱轉印片 之上述熱熔著樹脂層側，使之面向於上述一對之基板之一 方，而予以貼合，及 選擇的加熱對應於上述熱轉印片之上述柱狀間隔件之 形成位置之部份，而只將上述熱熔著樹脂層之被加熱部份 而使之融著於上述基板之一方，而與該熱熔著樹脂層之非 加熱部份一齊去除上述熱轉印片，以資形成由具有大致相 等於上述液晶層之厚度之大小之粒子之均一地分散之樹脂 所成之柱狀間隔件者。 由於採用了上述之製造方法，可以製造顯示畫面內之 暉度之被均一化，又開口率也不會降低，使用比較低之光 學濃度之黑矩陣之下，仍然不會發生對比或暉度之低落， 又不會有失真之發生之液晶顯示裝置也。 再者，本發明並不侷限於上述構成，例如：於一對之 基板分別具備畫素選擇用之電極，以對該一對基板之垂直 方向形成電場，以資控制構成液晶層之液晶組成物之指向 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -'13 - --------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明（11 ) 方向之所謂縱電場方式之有源矩陣型液晶顯示裝置，$ m 純矩陣型之液晶顯示裝置上也可以適用。又製造方法％# 同樣可適用於須設定微小間隙之各種顯示裝置。 又本發明乃不逸脫申請專利範圍所述之技術思想地可 能實施種種之偏光。 有關本發明之目的，及其他之目的，特徵，以及效果 乃由下面所述之說明以及附圖之關係而更可以淸楚。 (發明之詳述） 下面參照實施例之附圖。詳細的說明本發明之實施形 態。 第1圖係模式的說明有關構成本發明之液晶顯示裝置 之第1實施例之橫電場方式有源矩陣型顯示裝置之構成液 晶面板之畫素之該畫素及該附近之平面圖。 第2圖係沿著第1圖之1 — 1 /線之剖面圖。 又第1圖，第2圖中，與上述第1 4圖之同一標號者 表示對應於同一機能部份，配置於一對之基板S U B 1與 S U B 2之間，之各種電極及各種構造膜乃除了柱狀間隔 件S P及含於其中之粒子RU，係與第1 4圖同樣也。 詳述之，第1圖中，D L係影像訊號線、S D 2乃由 影像訊號線延伸出之漏極電極、C L係面向電壓訊號線、 CT係與面向電壓訊號線同一之面向電極、PX係畫素電 極、SD 1係與畫素電極同一之源極電極、C s t g係畜 積容量、G L係掃瞄訊號線、G T係與掃描電極同一之閘 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------'訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明（12 ) ® «極、B Μ係黑矩陣（以對應於畫素部之黑矩陣之開口 之境界線表示）。T F Τ係薄膜電晶體、S Ρ係柱狀間隔 件、P R S係樹脂、R U係粒子。又第1圖中以斜線所示 之部份即表示影像訊號線D L與面向電極C Τ間之領域。 又第2圖中，S U Β 1係一方之基板（有源矩陣基板 或T F Τ基板）、S U Β 2係另一方之基板（彩色濾光器 基板）、G 1係閘極絕緣膜、p S V係鈍化層（保護層） 、〇 R I 1係一方之基板側之指向膜（指向控制層、〇C 係覆蓋層（平滑層）、F I L係彩色濾光器、Β Μ.係表示 黑矩陣。 由第1圖及第2圖可知，本實施例所舉出之橫電場方 式之液晶顯示裝置之畫素乃對於一對之基板S U Β 1、 S ϋ Β 2之至少一主面，而對於液晶L C發生該驅動之電 場之畫素電極ΡΧ (具有第1電位之電極）之位置，與面 向電極CT (具有第2電位之電極）之位置係且有偏差之 情形爲其特徵。 換言之，本實施例中所示之畫素構造係，對於液晶層 L C之厚度方向而畫素電極Ρ X係具有不面向於面向電極 C Τ之領域，且面向電極C Τ也具有對於畫素電極ρ X不 面向之領域，因此與對於液晶層L C之厚度方向而畫素電 極ΡΧ之全域之可面向於面向電極（呼稱爲共同電極）之 所謂Τ Ν型（Twisted Nematic )之液晶顯示裝置者之該構 造上有所不同。 又，R U係含於構成柱狀間隔件S P之樹脂P R S之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297 _ ΊΪ)- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ---------tr*---- si. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（13 ) 粒子，D L ( d 1、d 2 )係影像訊號線、C T ( g 1 ) 係面向電極、PX(g2)係畫素電極、A OF係由鋁氧 化S吴所成之絕緣層。 鋁氧化膜A 0 F乃，如果以鋁或鋁合金之單層來形成 以絕緣膜（亦稱閘極絕緣膜）G I所覆罩之面向電極C 丁 、掃描電極C T等時，爲了防止其中之一與形成於絕緣膜 G 1上之影像訊號線D L、源極、漏極電極S D 1、 S D 2及畫素電極P X之其中之電氣的短路上所必須，惟 例如覆罩於絕緣膜G 1之訊號線或電極之以鉻（C r )之 薄膜上疊層了鋁或該合金之薄膜來形成或利用鋁以外之材 料來形成時即沒有必要。上述括弧內之d 1、d 2、g 1 、g 2係表示形成上述配線（訊號線）或電極之導體層。 配置於一對之基板S U B 1及S U B 2之各外側之 P〇L1、 P〇L2乃偏光板。 柱狀間隔件S P乃成爲，在於樹脂p R s之內部含有 大致相等於單元間隙之大小之粒子之構造。 粒子R U之材料乃氧化矽粒、聚合物粒等之球形狀或 橢圓球狀、或短纖維甲狀等之非球形（非橢圓球形）亦可 以。又不限於透明之粒子、黑色粒子也可以。 由於在柱狀間隔件S P包含了粒子R U，所以假使構 成柱狀間隔件S P之樹脂P R S之部份之高度之小於單元 間隙之時，仍然可以藉由柱狀間隔件S P內之粒子R U而 可以確保所欲之單元間隙，所以單元間隙得於呈顯均一， 可獲得均一之暉度之顯示書面。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -lb - --------^---------^^1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明（14 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 再者，由於在於柱狀間隔件s p之機械性質中，粒子 R u之機械性質會參加，所以可以獲得具有近似於使用了 球狀間隔件時之機械性質之間隔件也。 本實施例乃如第2圖所示，將柱狀間隔件S P形成於 彩色濾光器基板側（另一方之基板S U B 2側）。惟形成 於有源矩陣基板（一方之基板S U B 1 )側也可行。 柱狀間隔件S P乃如第1圖所示以覆罩影像訊號線 D L及面向電極C T之間之領域（第1圖之斜線領域）地 予以配置。 本實施例乃如第1圖所示，將每一畫素單元之柱狀間 隔件S P之個數定爲6個，含於柱狀間隔件S P內之粒子 RU之數量定爲7個。惟這是一例而已，上述之個數、數 量乃可以任意的決定。又6個之柱狀間隔件S P係以等間 隔地予以配置，惟並不侷限於此配置，S狀格子狀或隨機 的配置均可行。 又柱狀間隔件S P之平面形狀乃不侷限於圖示之約四 角形、其他形狀，例如圓形、橢圓形、菱形均可用。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 再者，含於柱狀間隔件S P內之粒子R U乃只要有一 個以上就可以，如欲使之含有複數個時，即以柱狀間隔件 S P之平面形狀之每單位面積爲大致均一之數目，分散密 度也使之均一的予以分散爲宜。 依此實施例，可以防止從影像訊號線D L與面向電極 C T間之領域之不合宜之漏光。下面說明該理由。Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 ------ B7____ V. Description of the Invention 0) (Background of the Invention) (Technical Description of the Invention) The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to A liquid crystal display device provided with a spacer having a novel structure for maintaining a certain distance between substrates of a pair of liquid crystal compositions constituting a liquid crystal layer and sealing the substrate, and a method for manufacturing the same. (Explanation of the prior art) Liquid crystal display devices are widely used as high-definition and color display devices for notebook computers or computer monitors. Such a liquid crystal display device can basically be classified into a so-called liquid crystal panel in which at least one side is configured by holding a liquid crystal composition between the facing gaps of at least two substrates made of transparent glass, plastic, or the like. Liquid crystal panel substrates, various electrodes for pixel formation, selected voltages to implement the specified pixel lighting and simple lamp matrix type, and active elements for forming the above-mentioned various electrodes and pixel selection And by selecting this active element to implement the required pixel lighting and active matrix type of active light. In the active matrix liquid crystal display device, a thin film transistor (TFT) is used as a representative of the active element. The liquid crystal display device using a thin film transistor is thin, light, and has a higher image quality than that of an image tube. Therefore, it is widely used as a monitor for a display terminal of a 0A device. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- 1T --------- -· Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 -——_ B7____ V. Description of the invention θ) The 7K mode of this liquid crystal display device is based on the difference between the driving methods of liquid crystal and the following two methods . In the first system, two substrates with transparent electrodes are used to hold the liquid crystal composition, electrodes are added to the respective transparent electrodes to operate the liquid crystal composition, and a layer that is incident on the liquid crystal composition through the transparent electrode is modulated. By means of information display. This method is used for most of the popular products. Another way is to make the liquid crystal operate by modulating the liquid crystal composition that is formed by the gap between the two electrodes incident on the liquid crystal by forming an electric field on the substrate surface between two electrodes formed on the same substrate, which are formed substantially in parallel. The way the layers of light are displayed. This method is also called the "transverse electric field method" or I P S (In-Plane-Switching) method. Using this active matrix liquid crystal display device has a very wide viewing angle. The characteristics of this method are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Gazette, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. Hei 5-505247, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-21907, Japanese Patent Application Hei 6-1608-8, and the like. Hereinafter, this type of liquid crystal display device is referred to as a "transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device." Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a main part of an electric field formed by a liquid crystal display device using a transverse electric field method. This liquid crystal display device is formed on one substrate SUB 1 with image signal lines DL, facing electrodes CT, and pixel electrodes PX, and is provided with a layer of a protective film PSV and a liquid crystal composition LC formed on these upper layers. The interface points to the control layer ORI 1. On the other side of the substrate SUB 2, there is a color filter divided by the black matrix B M. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------- ----------- 1T ---------- (Please read the note 3 on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Employee Consumption Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 B7 ___ V. Description of the invention P) FIL 'cover these upper layers so that the color filter and the black matrix constituent material will not affect the liquid crystal composition (hereinafter referred to as liquid crystal) constituting the liquid crystal layer LC and cover it with a film. Layer 0C, and the orientation control layer 0r I 2 formed at the interface with the layer of the liquid crystal LC. G1 and A OF on the other substrate SUB 1 are insulating films. The image signal line D L is formed by two layers of conductive films d 1 and d 2. The facing electrode C T is made of a conductive film g 1. The pixel electrode p X is made of a conductive film g 2. The distance between another pair of substrates SUB 1 and SUB 2 (thickness or spacing of the liquid crystal composition layer, and cell gap) is usually between the two substrates, with spherical spacers arranged in a dispersed manner ( (Not shown) and the setting becomes a predetermined threshold. On the outside of the substrate SUB 1 and the substrate SUB 2, polarizing plates P0L 1 and P0L 2 are respectively provided. Although not related to the liquid crystal display device of the transverse electric field method, It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 9-7308-8 that instead of such a spherical spacer, a protective layer on a color filter substrate is fixed on the substrate to form a conical shape. A spacer, or a technology for forming a cylindrical spacer fixed by stacking the color filter layer. In the invention disclosed in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-7308, if the spacer is a spherical spacer In order to solve the reduction in contrast caused by light leakage in the peripheral portion of the gap member, or the process of dispersing the spacer on the substrate, the display is caused by the unevenness of the spacer member. While taking the interval In the same publication, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-3 2 5 2 9 8 reveals that a guaranteed paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ----- --------------- tr ---------- ^^ 1 (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 591306 A7 B7 i. Description of the invention ( 4) A method for forming a spacer between substrates is to laminate a photosensitive sheet coated with a photosensitive resin on a base film on a substrate, and then use a photo-etching process including exposure through a mask and an image. These are used to uniformize the film thickness of the spacers in order to prevent discoloration (unevenness). (Invention of the invention) There are two problems to be solved by the present invention. One of them is to fix the spacers to a substrate. The problem of the liquid crystal display device formed by the ground. After that, the spacer fixed in this way is called ^ main spacer. "Since the spacer is formed for the purpose of maintaining a uniform cell gap, the column spacer is formed. The uniformity of the film thickness must be strict. Therefore, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-3 2 5 2 98 A photosensitive sheet on which a photosensitive resin is formed with a uniform thickness on a base film is laminated on a substrate in advance, and is made into a columnar spacer through a photolithography process. This method and the spin coating method are used. (Spin-Coating methode) When compared with the method of coating a photosensitive resin on a substrate, it can be said to be superior in terms of uniformity of film thickness. However, it is because of the photo-crawler method in which photosensitive sheets are laminated The inhomogeneity of the in-plane distribution of the exposure intensity of the exposure, or the in-plane inhomogeneity during the development process, etc., will still cause the film thickness of the columnar spacers in the substrate and on each substrate to be uneven ( deviation). Therefore, uneven brightness unevenness occurs from the gap of the cells. Moreover, in the manufacture of liquid crystal display devices, the mechanical properties of the spacers are in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page)--丨 ί 丨 Order --------- " Printed by the Employees 'Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by 591306 Α7 _ Β7 V. Description of the invention p) The quality will become an essential element One. The substrate surface of a liquid crystal display device is not absolutely flat, but has a slight (less than 1 A m) step (level) difference. Although the film thickness of the spacer is uniform, the height of the part where the spacer is arranged is different. Therefore, if the gap of the unit is to be uniform, the spacer must be flattened between the two substrates, or the spacer must be trapped in Within the constituent layers on the substrate. Therefore, columnar spacers are also required to have the same elasticity and hardness as spherical spacers. However, for columnar spacers made of organic materials such as photosensitive resin, spherical spacers made of inorganic materials such as glass and silicon oxide or spherical spacers made of plastic-based materials are required. The nature of equivalent machinery is very difficult. The second issue to be solved by the present invention relates to the pixel design of a liquid crystal display device using a transverse electric field method. As described in the prior art, increasing the distance between the electrodes or increasing the optical density of the black matrix BM has the following problems. The pixels are displayed when the distance between these signal lines and electrodes is enlarged in order to reduce the electric field strength between the image signal lines DL and the facing electrode CT, or between the image signal lines DL and the 1-pixel electrode PX. The area has to be narrowed, resulting in a decrease in brightness due to a reduction in the aperture ratio of pixels or an increase in power consumption. On the other hand, in order to increase the optical density of the black matrix BM, there are the following problems. In the case of a liquid crystal display device using a transverse electric field method, the black matrix B M needs a high resistance. (For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-1 4 3 5 8 9). The electrical characteristics of the black matrix BM are for the formation of a transverse electric field approximately parallel to the substrate. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). -------- Order- -------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 ___B7____ 5. Description of the invention (?) If the resistance of the black matrix B Μ When it is low, the ideal transverse electric field cannot be formed, and problems such as low brightness, low contrast, and narrow viewing angle will occur. In order to make the black matrix BM high resistance, a pigment-dispersed photosensitive resin is preferably used. At this time, in order to increase the optical density of the black matrix BM and increase the pigment concentration ratio in the photosensitive resin, since the resin concentration will decrease, the processing accuracy of the photoetching process will deteriorate. Specifically, problems such as a decrease in resolution (at the time of exposure), reduction in image margin, and occurrence of pigment residues, etc., may occur. Furthermore, if the optical density is to be increased by thickening the film thickness of the black matrix, the flatness of the color filter is deteriorated, the friction of the pointing control layer OR 12 is deteriorated, or the cell gap is deteriorated. The homogenization becomes difficult, causing deterioration in display quality such as deterioration in response speed. The present invention was created to solve the above two problems, and its first purpose is to provide a method that can uniformize the brightness in the display screen without reducing the aperture ratio, and uses a black matrix with a relatively low optical density. A liquid crystal display device that still does not cause a decrease in contrast or brightness, and does not cause distortion. A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is characterized in that a columnar spacer including particles having a thickness approximately equivalent to the thickness of a liquid crystal layer formed between a pair of substrates constituting a pair of liquid crystal panels is featured at each uniform density. By. The composition that achieves the purpose of the invention is listed as follows (1) ~ (This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------------- ------- tr · ---------. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 __B7_ ) 3). That is, (1) at least one pair of transparent substrates, at least two or more color filters with different colors for color display formed on one of the above-mentioned one of the substrates, and intervening color filters A black matrix between the substrates, and an electrode group formed on the substrates of the pair, and a liquid crystal layer having a dielectric anisotropy between the substrates of the pair, and the molecules of the liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal layer are directed , A liquid crystal panel directed to the control layer in a predetermined direction, and a driving mechanism for applying a driving voltage to the electrode group. On at least one of the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal display device is provided which is characterized by a columnar spacer made of a resin that uniformly disperses particles having a size approximately equal to the thickness of a desired liquid crystal layer. Because of this structure, the brightness in the display screen can be uniformized, and a liquid crystal display device without contrast or reduction in brightness and without distortion can be obtained. (2) The diameter of the particles contained in the columnar spacer in the above-mentioned configuration (1) is made smaller than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the central portion of the pixels formed between the black matrices of the liquid crystal panel. Since this structure is adopted, a liquid crystal display device with uniform brightness in the display screen and no reduction in aperture ratio, no contrast, no reduction in brightness, and no distortion ° (3) makes the above configuration (1 ) Or (2), the permittivity (dielectric constant, or conductivity of the above-mentioned columnar spacer is higher than the permittivity or conductivity of the liquid crystal composition constituting the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer) and the above-mentioned columnar spacer is shaped-- ------------------ Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to Chinese National Standards (CNS ) A4 specification (210 X 297 issued) -IU-Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 ------- B7___ V. Description of the invention @) It is arranged in the concealed by the above black matrix Location between the above-mentioned signal wiring and the common wiring. Due to this structure, the brightness of the display screen can be uniformized, the aperture ratio is not low, and there will still be no contrast drop and brightness drop under the black matrix with a relatively low optical density, and There is no liquid crystal display device that is distorted. In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, the present invention is to form a columnar spacer including particles having a thickness that is approximately equal to the thickness of a liquid crystal layer formed between a pair of substrates constituting a liquid crystal panel at a uniform density. There are characteristics. A typical method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device that achieves the second object of the present invention is as follows (4) and (5). (4) A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, mainly comprising: at least one pair of transparent substrates, and one of the substrates formed on one of the above pairs for displaying colors, and at least two or more different colors. A color filter, a black matrix for separating the color filters, and an electrode group including signal wiring and common wiring formed on the other side of the pair of substrates, and inserted in a predetermined Between the pair of substrates facing each other at intervals, a dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal layer is provided, and a direction control layer for arranging the molecules of the liquid crystal layer in a predetermined direction, and formed on the first A liquid crystal panel having at least one of the substrates and a columnar spacer made of particles having a size approximately equal to the desired thickness of the liquid crystal layer and a resin with uniformly dispersed density, and a liquid crystal panel respectively provided in the above pair. Each place of the substrate, with each polarization axis crossing each other, is applied to this paper standard. Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) I—! 1 ei — — — ---- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 B7__ V. Description of the invention (?) One of the polarizing plates is laminated and the above electrodes are used. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a driving mechanism for applying a driving voltage is characterized in that the method includes: laminating the surface of a base film, and laminating light-sensitive particles mixed with particles having a particle diameter approximately equal to the predetermined interval. The photosensitive resin layer side of the photosensitive resin sheet of the photosensitive resin layer is bonded to face one of the substrates of the pair, and is bonded to each other through a position corresponding to the formation position of the columnar spacer. The photosensitive mask is exposed by opening the mask of the pattern, and the photosensitive resin is developed. The exposed portion of the photosensitive resin layer is left on one of the pair of substrates, and the non-exposed portion is removed to It is possible to form a columnar spacer made of a resin that is slightly uniformly dispersed in particles having a size approximately equal to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. Because the above manufacturing method is adopted, it can be manufactured, the brightness in the display screen is uniformized, the aperture ratio will not be reduced, and the contrast and brightness will still not occur under the black matrix with relatively low optical density. It is also low, and there is no distortion in the liquid crystal display device. (5) A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, mainly comprising: at least one pair of transparent substrates, and one of the substrates formed on the pair for displaying colors, and at least two or more different colors A color filter, a black matrix for separating the color filters, and an electrode group including signal wiring and common wiring formed on the other side of the pair of substrates, and the The liquid crystal layer with dielectric anisotropy between the pair of substrates facing each other at intervals, and the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) is applied to the above-mentioned liquid crystal paper size -rz-- ------ Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 〇〇) A direction control layer for arranging molecules arranged in a predetermined direction, and at least one of the above-mentioned pair of substrates has particles having a size approximately equal to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer and a uniformly dispersed density. tree A liquid crystal panel with the columnar spacers formed thereon, and one pair of polarizing plates laminated on each of the above-mentioned pair of substrates with each polarization axis intersecting, and a driving voltage applied to the electrode group The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device of a driving mechanism is characterized by comprising: a surface of a base film adhered to each other, and a heat-adhesive resin layer in which particles having a particle diameter approximately equal to the predetermined interval are laminated; The above-mentioned thermally fused resin layer side of the thermal transfer sheet is attached to one of the pair of substrates, and the selected heating corresponds to the formation of the columnar spacer of the thermal transfer sheet. Position, and only the heated portion of the heat-fusion resin layer is fused to one of the substrates, and the heat-transfer film is removed together with the non-heated portion of the heat-fusion resin layer. In order to form a columnar spacer made of a resin having uniformly dispersed particles having a size approximately equal to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer described above. Because the above manufacturing method is adopted, the brightness of the display screen can be uniformized, and the aperture ratio will not be reduced. Under the black matrix with relatively low optical density, no contrast or brightness will occur. The liquid crystal display device is low, and no distortion occurs. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. For example, each pair of substrates is provided with electrodes for pixel selection to form an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the pair of substrates to control the liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal layer. The paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -'13--------- Order --------- (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 591306 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) Active matrix liquid crystal display device of the so-called longitudinal electric field method, $ m pure matrix liquid crystal display device The above also applies. The manufacturing method% # is also applicable to various display devices that need to set a small gap. In addition, the present invention may implement various polarized lights without departing from the technical ideas described in the patent application scope. The objects of the present invention, and other objects, features, and effects will be made clearer by the following description and the relationship of the drawings. (Detailed description of the invention) The drawings of the embodiments are referred to below. The embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Fig. 1 is a diagram explaining the pattern of the pixels constituting the liquid crystal panel of the horizontal electric field type active matrix display device of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, and the plan view of the pixels in the vicinity. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 / of Figure 1. In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 14 indicate that the corresponding functional parts are arranged between a pair of substrates SUB 1 and SUB 2. Various electrodes and various structural films are The same applies to FIG. 14 except for the columnar spacer SP and the particles RU contained therein. In detail, in the first figure, DL is an image signal line, SD 2 is a drain electrode extending from the image signal line, CL is a voltage-oriented signal line, CT is an electrode-facing, PX system that is the same as a voltage-oriented line Pixel electrode, SD 1 is the same source electrode as the pixel electrode, C stg is the livestock product capacity, GL is the scanning signal line, and GT is the same as the scanning electrode. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- 'Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this (Page) 591306 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) ® «Pole, BM series black matrix (represented by the boundary line of the opening of the black matrix corresponding to the pixel part). TF series thin film transistors, SP series columnar spacers, PR series resins, and R series particles. Also, the part shown by the slanted line in Fig. 1 indicates the area between the image signal line D L and the facing electrode C T. In the second figure, SU Β 1 is one substrate (active matrix substrate or TF T substrate), SU Β 2 is the other substrate (color filter substrate), G 1 is a gate insulating film, and p SV. It is a passivation layer (protective layer), 〇RI 1 is a substrate-side directional film (pointing control layer, OC-based cover layer (smoothing layer), FIL-based color filter, and BM. It represents a black matrix. As can be seen from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the pixels of the liquid crystal display device of the transverse electric field method cited in this embodiment are for at least one main surface of a pair of substrates SU Β 1, S ϋ Β 2 and for liquid crystal LC The position of the pixel electrode PX (the electrode having the first potential) where the driving electric field is generated is different from the position facing the electrode CT (the electrode having the second potential) and is deviated. In other words, this embodiment The pixel structure shown in the figure is for the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer LC, and the pixel electrode P X has a field that does not face the electrode C T, and the electrode C T also does not face the pixel electrode ρ X. Field, and therefore for the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer LC The structure of the element electrode PX is different from the structure of the so-called TN-type (Twisted Nematic) liquid crystal display device facing the electrode (called a common electrode). Moreover, RU is included in the columnar space. The paper size of the resin PRS of SP is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 _ ΊΪ)-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) --------- tr * ---- si. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (13) Particles, DL (d 1, d 2) are image signal lines , CT (g 1) is facing the electrode, PX (g2) is the pixel electrode, A OF is an insulating layer made of aluminum oxide and aluminum. The aluminum oxide film A 0 F is, if it is a single layer of aluminum or aluminum alloy. In order to form the facing electrode C, the scanning electrode CT, etc. covered with an insulating film (also referred to as a gate insulating film) GI, in order to prevent one of them and the image signal line DL and the source electrode formed on the insulating film G 1 , The drain electrodes SD 1, SD 2 and the pixel electrode PX It is necessary, for example, to cover the signal line of the insulating film G 1 or the electrode with a film of chromium (C r) laminated with aluminum or the alloy film to form or use a material other than aluminum to form it. D1, d2, g1, and g2 in the above brackets indicate the conductor layers forming the above-mentioned wiring (signal line) or electrodes. P0L1, P1 disposed on the outer sides of the pair of substrates SUB1 and SUB2 〇L2 is a polarizer. The columnar spacer SP has a structure in which the inside of the resin p R s contains particles having a size approximately equal to the cell gap. The material of the particles R U may be a non-spherical (non-ellipsoidal) spherical shape such as silica particles, polymer particles, or ellipsoidal shapes, or short fiber nails. It is not limited to transparent particles and black particles. Since the column spacer SP contains particles RU, if the height of the portion of the resin PRS constituting the column spacer SP is smaller than the cell gap, the particle RU in the column spacer SP can still be used. Ensure the desired unit gap, so the unit gap must be displayed uniformly, and a uniform display of brightness can be obtained. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -lb--------- ^ --------- ^^ 1 (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again for details) 591306 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Furthermore, due to the mechanical properties of the column spacer sp, the mechanical properties of the particles R u Participation, so it is possible to obtain spacers with mechanical properties similar to those when spherical spacers are used. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a columnar spacer SP is formed on the color filter substrate side (the other substrate SUB B 2 side). However, it is also possible to form it on the active matrix substrate (one substrate S U B 1) side. The columnar spacer SP is arranged as shown in Fig. 1 so as to cover the area between the image signal line D L and the electrode C T (the oblique line area in Fig. 1). In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the number of the columnar spacers SP of each pixel unit is set to six, and the number of particles RU contained in the columnar spacers SP is set to seven. But this is just an example. The number and quantity mentioned above can be determined arbitrarily. The other six columnar spacers SP are arranged at equal intervals, but it is not limited to this configuration, and S-shaped grid-like or random arrangements can be used. Also, the planar shape of the columnar spacer SP is not limited to the rectangular shape shown in the figure, and other shapes, such as a circle, an oval, and a rhombus, may be used. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. As long as there is more than one particle RU contained in the columnar spacer SP, if there is a plurality of particles, the plane of the columnar spacer SP is used The number of shapes per unit area is approximately uniform, and the dispersion density is preferably such that it is uniformly dispersed. According to this embodiment, unsuitable light leakage from the area between the image signal line D L and the facing electrode C T can be prevented. The reason will be described below.
液晶L C係只存在於影像訊號線D L與面向電極C T 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 x 297公釐） 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明〇5 ) 間之一部份。換言之，畫素周邊部份（本實施例中指影像 訊號線D L與鄰接於它之面向電極c T之間）中，液晶層 L C乃只存在於柱狀間隔件s p所沒有之部份。由於藉由 液晶L C之被驅動而光之透過率乃會有改變。所以在於畫 素周邊部份該液晶L C所存在之領域變小即由於在此部份 之液晶L C之舉動而光透過率之變化之領域也會變小之緣 故’來自影像訊號線D L與面向電極C T間之光透過量即 會減少。 所以與沒有設置柱狀間隔件S P之情形相比較而可以 減低黑矩陣B Μ之光學濃度之要求値。再加上，柱狀間隔 件S Ρ之介電常數，或導電率高於液晶L c者時即電場更 與液晶L C相容易形成於柱狀間隔件S Ρ。所以成爲由這 些電極間（影像訊號線D L與面向電極C Τ間）之電極而 液晶L C很難驅動，因此在於沒有柱狀間隔件s Ρ之部份 也成爲容易遮光。 參照第1圖及第2圖可知。本實施例之畫素之左右之 端部乃在基板S U Β 1側而由鄰接於影像訊號線L C之各 面向電極C Τ所規定。由此可知，在於基板S U Β 1設畫 素電極，在基板S U Β 2設面向電極均以，例如使用例如 I Τ〇（Indium-Tin -Oxide ) —般之光透過率高之（下面述 透明）材料而挾著液晶層L C而面向狀的形成之Τ N型等 之液晶顯示裝置也可以適用本發明以及再現出上述之效果 係至爲明顯之道理。即將在於薄膜電晶體所形成之基板 S U Β 1側上之以各畫素地所設之沿著畫素電極之影像訊 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明（16 ) 號線之兩端視做爲本實施例之上述鄰接於影像訊號線D L 之面向電極C T之各個影像訊號線之側，即以覆罩此畫素 電極之各個之端部與影像訊號線之間之領域地設置本實施 例之間隔件S P就可以獲得上述遮光效果。再加上，以間 隔件S P之粒子R U來決定影像訊號線與面向它之面向電 極（T N型液晶顯示裝置所稱爲共同電極）之間隔，就可 以在液晶顯示裝置之顯示領域全面之範圍地可以將液晶層 之厚度（單元間隙）可以保持爲一樣之値。 所以從遮光之效果之觀點而言，在於上述基板. S U B 1上，以覆罩畫素電極之端部及與它面向之影像訊 號線所挾持之領域地形成將粒子分散於比它之彈性小或柔 軟之材料（樹脂）P R S而成之間隔件S P。 而以上述粒子之大小（大約球狀時即球徑）來決定基 板S U B 1與面向它之基板S U B 2之間隔（單元間隙） 乃在本發明之實施上很合宜。粒子RU及材料P R S係只 要能滿足上述之關係就足，有機材料或無機材料均無妨。 材料P R S即採用對於分散於它之粒子R u而有做爲結合 劑（Binder )之作用之材料乃値得推舉。 另一方從單元間隙之一樣（均一大小）之觀點而言， 在實施本發明上以，在基板S ϋ B 1以覆罩影像訊號線地 形成上述之間隔件，又與它面向地形成於基板S U Β 2即 很合宜。 以第2圖爲例，將配置於基板S U Β 2之主面之胃向 於上述影像訊號線之部份之粒子（參照第2圖之中& $半立 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） •----------------^---•訂---------ΜΦΙ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明〇7 ) 子）之下端部接近於對於這些分別面向之基板S U B 1之 上面（疊層於基板SUB 1之主面之複數之層中之最上層 之指向膜〇R I 1之表面即可以。從另一觀點來說，間隔 件乃包含：至少覆罩配置於基板主面之複數之訊號線之一 之第1部份，以及覆罩鄰接於第1部份且對於液晶層施加 驅動電壓之電極之間之領域之第2部份，且該第1部份之 厚度即由分散於其中之粒子之至少之一所決定。與上述相 反在於基板S U B 1主面上部形成間隔件S P時，形成於 上述影像訊號線上之粒子之上端部係對於配置於其他部份 之該粒子地使它接近於各個相面向之基板B 2之下面（令 第2圖所示之基板SUB 2之上下逆轉與疊層於其主面之 複數之層中之最上層之指向膜OR I 2之表面）就可以。 以任一個觀點而言，含於上述間隔件S P中之粒子 R U中’決定單元間隙者乃，其上下之一端係接觸於該間 隔件所形成之基板之所面向之別之基板（包含形成於該主 面上之疊層物）之上面。相對的其他之粒子R U乃與該別 之基板之上面具有間隙。而如本實施例所示地將間隔件 S P形成於基板S U B 2時，即在於用於減輕複數之彩色 濾光器之間所發生之起優之用之覆蓋層〇C之上面設置間 隔件爲宜。以同樣之觀點，在於基板S U B 1形成間隔件 S P時，即在於保護膜P S V上（具有減輕發生於訊號線 及畫素之間之起優之效果）設置間隔件就很合宜。再者在 於基板S U B 1、S U B 2之至少一方之最上面將形成指 向膜〇R I 1或〇R I 2。如本實施例，藉由設置於形成 -------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -- 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明（18 ) 間隔件S P之基板S ϋ B 2之指向膜〇R I 2來覆罩間隔 件S Ρ時，指向膜〇R I 2係被夾持在決定單元間隙之粒 子（第2圖之中央之粒子RU)與形成基板SUB 1之最 上層之指向膜〇R I 1之間。 對於指向膜〇R I 1之粒子（決定單元之間隙之粒子 )與其他粒子（第2圖之左右之粒子RU)之下端之位置 關係係與上述相同。而後者與指向膜〇 R ί 1之間所發生 之間隙較大。這種情形乃在於將間隔件S Ρ設於基板 S U Β 1上部，而以指向膜〇R I 1來覆罩它時也可以成 立。 在於：於一對基板之一方之上部設置複數之條狀之透 明電極群，於另一方之上部設置對於延伸於交叉於上述透 明電極群之方向之其他之複數之條狀之透明電極群之所謂 「單純矩陣型」之液晶顯示裝置中，即在屬於上述透明電 極群中之其中之一之條狀之透明電極間設置本實施例之間 隔件S Ρ就很合宜。 不只是本實施例，將本發明適用於τ Ν型液晶顯示裝 置或單純矩陣型液晶顯示裝置時，上述間隔件S Ρ乃面向 於黑矩陣Β Μ地予以配置就可以。雖然上述間隔件在於畫 素之周邊部而一部份地覆蓋了面向電極C Τ (本實施例） 、畫素電極（Τ Ν型液晶顯示裝置）、或條狀之透明電極 (單純矩陣型液晶顯示裝置）之端部之下，由於此部份係 面向於黑矩陣Β Μ，所以對於畫像之顯示上不致於有所妨 礙也。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明〇9 ) 由於構成柱狀間隔件S P之樹脂乃通常使用紫外線硬 光型樹脂，所以很難將上述之介電常數及導電率特性控制 於規定之値。 因此在本實施例乃利用含於柱狀間隔件S P內之粒子 R U之電氣的特性以資控制柱狀間隔件s p全體之電氣特 性者。 欲將柱狀間隔件S P之介電常數及導電率大於液晶之 (介電常數及導電率）時，例如在於粒子R U之內部或表 面混入或附著碳黑或金屬粒子來使用就可以。 又本實施例乃，將柱狀間隔件S P形成於彩色濾光器 基板（另一方之基板S U B 2 )上爲例，惟如上述形成於 有源矩陣基板（一方之基板s U B 1 )上亦可行者。 依本實施例可以獲得提向了對比及暉度，可防止失真 之發生具有高品質之畫像顯示性能之液晶顯示裝置也。 第3圖係模式的說明有關構成本發明之液晶顯示裝置 之第2實施例之橫電場方式有源矩陣型顯示裝置之構成液 晶面板之畫素附近之平面圖。與第1圖之同一標號者乃對 應於同一機能部份。 本實施例乃在第1實施例中該形成於鄰接之畫素間之 柱狀間隔件S P分別爲複數個者，改爲於鄰接之畫素間形 成爲各一個堤形狀者。其他之構成即與第1實施例者相同 。詳述之，柱狀間隔件S P乃在於據位於鄰接於畫素電極 P X之被配置之畫素領域之一對之間位置之影像訊號線D L與面向電極C T之間之領域地分別形成爲堤形狀者。含 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ^1 ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ am— ϋ ϋ I^OJ ϋ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（?Q ) 於此柱狀間隔件S P內之粒子R U乃以每單位面積能夠呈 顯略同數狀地予以分散，又該粒子之分散密度也以在於間 隔件之全域地呈均一狀地予以形成爲宜。 依此實施例亦可以防止從影像訊號線D L與面向電極 C T間之領域之不所欲之漏光。而其理由亦與第1實施例 所說明者相同也。 又本實施例亦與第1實施例一樣可以適用於T N型液 晶顯示裝置及單純矩陣型之液晶顯示裝置而可獲得如上述 之效果也。 下面說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法，即柱 狀間隔件S P之形成方法之實施例。 第4圖係說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法之 柱狀間隔件形成用轉印片之第1例剖面圖。 T F S係轉印片，在本實施例中係使用：於底座薄膜 B S F上疊層該將氧化矽之粒子R U均一的予以分散配置 而成之感光性之樹脂層而成之感光轉印片，或於底座薄膜 B S F上疊層該將氧化矽之粒子R U均一的予以分散配置 而成之熱熔著性之樹脂層T R S而成之熱轉印片所成之轉 印片者。 第5圖係說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法之 柱狀間隔件形成用轉印片之第2例剖面圖。 轉印片T F S乃疊層在底座薄膜B S F之必要處所， 即只在基板上之形成柱狀間隔件S P之部份，分散地配置 了氧化矽之粒子而成之感光性之樹脂層p R S之感光轉印 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明0 ) 片者。 或疊層，在底座薄膜B S F上之只在必要處所分散地 配置了氧化矽之粒子而成之熱融著性之樹脂層T R S而成 之熱轉印片也。 第6圖係說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法之 柱狀間隔件形成用轉印片之第3例之模式剖面圖。 轉印片T F S乃疊層介著離模層在底座薄膜B S F上 均一地分散配置氧化矽之粒子R U而成之感光性樹脂層 PRS之轉印片，或疊層介著熱融著防止層AT AL在底 座薄膜B S F上均一分散配置氧化矽之粒子RU而成之熱 融著性之樹脂層T R S之熱轉印片也。 下面說明使用上述轉印片T F S之本發明之液晶顯示 裝置之製造方法。 第7圖乃至第7 D圖係說明包含使用以第4圖所說明 之感光性轉印片之柱狀間隔件之形成方法之彩色濾光器基 板之製造方法之第1實施例之槪略過程圖。而依過程（A )〜（D )之順序如下述的予以實施也。 (A)彩色濾光器基板SUB 2係厚度0 · 7mm或 1 · 1mm之玻璃基板，在此基板SUB 2上塗佈黑色之 感光性樹脂，介著具有對應之黑矩陣之配置圖樣之規定之 開口圖樣之光遮蔽罩（曝光用遮蔽罩）而施予曝光、顯像 、燒成而形成黑矩陣B Μ。 接著使用感光性之紅色、綠色、藍色之樹脂’反複地 實施與上述一樣之曝光、顯像、燒成之過程而依序形成彩 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇χ 297公釐） I n -^1 mte ϋ ϋ ·ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ «I^OJ8 1 Βϋ ϋ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明户） 色濾光器F I L (紅之著色層F I L (R)、綠之著色層 FIL(G)、藍之著色層FIL(B))。 而對如此形成之彩色濾光器F I L之上層地被覆了保 護層（平滑膜）〇C。（參照第7 A圖）。 並且在保護膜〇C之上面貼合在底座薄膜B S F上分 散了氧化矽之粒子R U地配置而成之感光性之樹脂層 P R S所製成之感光性轉印片T F S。此時令感光性轉印 片T F S之感光性之樹脂層P R S之能接合於保護膜〇c 狀的實施貼合。 (B )將感光性之樹脂層P R S貼合於保護膜〇C之 後，剝離底座薄膜B S F而在於保護膜0 C上只留黑感光 性樹脂層P R S。 (C )介著具備有對應於形成柱狀間隔件S P之位置 (本例係黑矩陣B Μ之直上）之開口圖樣之光遮蔽罩 P M S Κ而向感光性之樹脂層P R S照射紫外線。本例乃 以感光性之樹脂之經紫外線之照射之部份會硬化之陰畫之 底片型爲例，惟使用被照射紫外線之部份之以顯像時被除 去之陽型之感光性之樹脂亦可以。此時即使用具有對應於 柱狀間隔件S Ρ之位置以外之開口圖樣之遮蔽罩（參照第 7 C 圖）。 (D )實施曝光、顯像之後，去除感光性之樹脂層 P R S之非曝光部份，經燒成之後，可以形成分散配置了 氧化矽之粒子R U之柱狀間隔件S Ρ。（參照第7 D圖） 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------tr·---------^^1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 _ Α7 Β7 五、發明說明p ) 又本例係說明使用第4圖所示之感光性轉印片之例子 。惟使用第5圖或第6圖所示之感光性轉印片之製造方法 也一樣。 但是使用第5圖之感光性轉印片時，即須要實施柱狀 間隔件s p之形成位置與感光性轉印片之粒子R u分散位 置之位置之對準也。又使用第6圖所示之感光性轉印片時 ，即須要將感光性之樹脂層P R S貼合於保護膜〇C之後 剝離底座薄膜B S F之作業。 依本實施例而可以提高爲了使單元間隙均一化用之柱 狀間隔件之機械的強度。且正確且容易地形成此種柱狀間 隔件者。 第8圖係說明包含使用以第4圖所說明之感光性轉印 片之柱狀間隔件之形成方法之彩色濾光器基板之製造方法 之第2實施例之槪略過程圖，依第7A圖〜第7D圖之同 樣之過程（A )〜（D )之順序地被處理。本實施例與上 述第7 A圖〜第7 D圖所說明之第1實施例係對於構成感 光性轉印片之底座薄膜之處理操作上而有所不同。 (A)彩色濾光器基板SUB 2係厚度0 · 7mm或 1 · 1mm之玻璃基板，在此基板SUB 2上塗佈黑色之 感光性樹脂，介著具有對應於異矩陣之配置圖樣之規定之 開口圖樣之光蝕用遮蔽罩（曝光罩）而實施曝光、顯像、 燒成由而形成黑矩陣B Μ。 接著使用感光性之紅色、綠色、藍色之樹脂，而反複 如上述同樣之曝光、顯像、燒成之過程，依順形成彩色濾 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------矿--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明β4 ) 光器F I L (紅著色層F I L (R)、綠著色層F I L ( G)、藍著色層FIL(B))。 而以保護膜（平滑膜）〇 C來被覆如上述地形成之彩 色濾光器F I L之上層（以上參照第8 A圖）。 並且在底座薄膜B S F上貼合疊層了分散配置了氧化 矽之粒子R U而成之感光性樹脂層P R S所成之感光性轉 印片T F S。此時乃以感光性轉印片T F S之感光性之樹 脂層P R S之能接合於保護膜0 C狀地實施貼合。本製程 係與第7 A圖之實施例相同。 (B )將感光性樹脂層P R S貼合於保護膜〇C後， 底座薄膜B S F即不剝離，原狀的留存於保護膜〇C上。 (參照第8 B圖）。 (C )將具有對應於形成柱狀間隔件S P之位置（黑 矩陣BM之直上）之開口圖樣之光蝕用遮蔽罩PMSK疊 層於感光性轉印片TF S之底座薄膜B S F，而介著此遮 蔽罩P M S K而對應於感光性之樹脂層P R S照射紫外線 。又本例乃以該感光性之樹脂係使用紫外線所照射之部份 會硬化之底片型爲例，惟可使用照射了紫外線之部份會在 顯像時被除去之陽片型之感光性樹脂乃如前述者。（參照 第8 C圖）。 第7 C圖所說明之實施例乃須要採取一種手段而使光 蝕用遮蔽罩P M S Κ對於感光性樹脂層保持規定之間隔。 而本實施例乃對於底座薄膜B S F直接將光蝕用遮蔽罩 PMSK疊層之方法，因此藉由改變底座薄膜β S F之厚 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------tr·--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Liquid crystal LC only exists in the image signal line DL and electrode-facing CT. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm). 591306 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Description 〇5) part of it. In other words, in the peripheral portion of the pixel (between the image signal line D L and the facing electrode c T adjacent to it in this embodiment), the liquid crystal layer L C exists only in the portion not included in the columnar spacer sp. Since the liquid crystal LC is driven, the transmittance of light is changed. Therefore, the area where the liquid crystal LC exists in the peripheral part of the pixel becomes smaller, that is, the area where the light transmittance changes due to the action of the liquid crystal LC in this part will also become smaller. 'From the image signal line DL and facing the electrode The amount of light transmitted between CTs will decrease. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the requirement for the optical density of the black matrix B M compared with the case where no columnar spacer SP is provided. In addition, when the dielectric constant or conductivity of the columnar spacer SP is higher than that of the liquid crystal Lc, the electric field and the liquid crystal LC phase are more easily formed in the columnar spacer SP. Therefore, the liquid crystal LC is difficult to drive due to the electrodes between these electrodes (between the image signal line D L and the facing electrode C T), so that the part without the columnar spacer s P also becomes light-shielding easily. It can be seen with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The left and right end portions of the pixel in this embodiment are defined on the substrate S U B 1 side by each of the facing electrodes C T adjacent to the image signal line L C. It can be seen that the pixel electrode is provided on the substrate SU Β1, and the facing electrode is provided on the substrate SU Β2. For example, I TO (Indium-Tin-Oxide) is used, which has a high light transmittance (transparent as described below). It is obvious that a liquid crystal display device, such as a TN-type liquid crystal display device formed by facing the liquid crystal layer LC and facing the material, can also apply the present invention and reproduce the above-mentioned effects. Immediately on the substrate SU Β 1 formed by the thin film transistor, the image information along the pixel electrode is set on each pixel. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)- ------------------- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 591306 Staff Consumption of Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (16) The two ends of the (16) line are regarded as the side of each image signal line facing the image CT of the electrode adjacent to the image signal line DL in this embodiment, that is, the pixel is covered The above-mentioned light-shielding effect can be obtained by providing the spacer SP of this embodiment in a region between each end of the electrode and the image signal line. In addition, by using the particle RU of the spacer SP to determine the interval between the image signal line and the facing electrode facing it (the TN type liquid crystal display device is called a common electrode), it can be used in a comprehensive range in the display field of liquid crystal display devices. The thickness (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer can be kept the same. So from the standpoint of the effect of shading, it is on the above substrate. Sub 1 is formed by covering the end of the pixel electrode and the area held by the image signal line facing it, and dispersing the particles with less elasticity than it Spacer SP made of soft material (resin) PRS. The size of the above-mentioned particles (spherical diameter when spherical) is used to determine the distance (cell gap) between the substrate S U B 1 and the substrate S U B 2 facing it, which is very suitable for the implementation of the present invention. The particle RU and the material P R S are sufficient as long as they satisfy the above-mentioned relationship, and either organic or inorganic materials may be used. The material P R S is a material which is used as a binder (Binder) for the particles Ru dispersed in it. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of the same (uniform size) of the cell gap, in the implementation of the present invention, the above-mentioned spacer is formed on the substrate S 1 B 1 by covering the image signal line, and is formed on the substrate facing it. SU Β 2 is very suitable. Taking the second figure as an example, the particles arranged on the main surface of the substrate SU Β 2 toward the part of the image signal line (refer to the second figure & $ 半 立 This paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) • ---------------- ^ --- • Order --------- ΜΦΙ (Please read the first Note: Please fill in this page again) 591306 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention 0) Sub-ends are close to the substrates SUB 1 facing each other (laminated on the substrate SUB) The uppermost layer of the plurality of layers on the main surface of 1 is directed to the surface of the film. The surface of RI 1 may be. From another perspective, the spacer includes: at least one of a plurality of signal lines arranged on the main surface of the substrate. The first part, and the second part covering the area between the electrodes adjacent to the first part and applying the driving voltage to the liquid crystal layer, and the thickness of the first part is determined by the particles dispersed therein. It is determined by at least one. In contrast to the above, when the spacer SP is formed on the upper surface of the main surface of the substrate SUB 1, it is formed on the image signal. The upper end of the upper particle is close to the substrate B 2 facing each other to the particles arranged in other parts (the substrate SUB 2 shown in Fig. 2 is inverted and laminated on its main surface). The uppermost layer of the plurality of layers is directed to the surface of the film OR I 2). From any viewpoint, the particle RU contained in the above-mentioned spacer SP 'determines the cell gap is the upper and lower ends of it. It is on top of another substrate (including a laminate formed on the main surface) which is in contact with the substrate formed by the spacer. The other particles RU have a gap with the upper surface of the other substrate. When the spacer SP is formed on the substrate SUB 2 as shown in this embodiment, the spacer is provided on the cover layer 0C, which is used to mitigate the superiority occurring between the plurality of color filters. From the same point of view, when the spacer SP is formed on the substrate SUB 1, it is very suitable to provide the spacer on the protective film PSV (which has an excellent effect of reducing the occurrence between the signal line and the pixels). Lies on the substrate SUB 1 On the top of at least one of SUB 2, a pointing film 〇RI 1 or 〇RI 2 will be formed. As in this embodiment, by providing --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)-591306 Employees of Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the consumer cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (18) When the spacer SP of the substrate SP 基板 B 2 of the spacer SP is covered with the spacer SP, the orientation film 〇RI 2 is sandwiched between the determining unit gaps Between the particles (the particles RU in the center in FIG. 2) and the uppermost directional film ORI 1 forming the substrate SUB1. The positional relationship between the particles pointing to the film OR I 1 (particles that determine the cell gap) and other particles (the particles RU on the left and right in Figure 2) is the same as above. The gap between the latter and the pointing film 〇 R ί 1 is larger. In this case, the spacer SP is provided on the upper part of the substrate SUB1, and it can also stand up when it is covered with the pointing film ORI1. It is that a plurality of strip-shaped transparent electrode groups are provided on the upper part of one of a pair of substrates, and a so-called so-called strip electrode group is provided on the other part of the pair of substrates. In the "simple matrix type" liquid crystal display device, it is convenient to arrange the spacer SP in this embodiment between the strip-shaped transparent electrodes belonging to one of the above-mentioned transparent electrode groups. When the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and when the present invention is applied to a τ-N type liquid crystal display device or a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device, the spacer SP may be configured to face the black matrix BM. Although the above spacers are located around the pixels, they partially cover the facing electrodes C T (this embodiment), pixel electrodes (TN type liquid crystal display devices), or strip-shaped transparent electrodes (simple matrix type liquid crystals) Below the end of the display device), since this part faces the black matrix BM, it does not hinder the display of the portrait. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --------- ( Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 591306 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 〇9) Because the resin constituting the column spacer SP is usually a UV hard light resin, Therefore, it is difficult to control the above-mentioned dielectric constant and conductivity characteristics to a predetermined level. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electrical characteristics of the particles R U contained in the columnar spacer SP are used to control the overall electrical characteristics of the columnar spacer SP. When the dielectric constant and conductivity of the columnar spacer SP are larger than those of the liquid crystal (dielectric constant and conductivity), for example, carbon black or metal particles may be mixed in or adhered to or on the surface of the particle U and used. Also in this embodiment, the columnar spacer SP is formed on the color filter substrate (the other substrate SUB 2) as an example, but it is also formed on the active matrix substrate (one substrate s UB 1) as described above. Doable. According to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device which has improved contrast and brightness and can prevent distortion from occurring and has high-quality image display performance. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the vicinity of pixels constituting a liquid crystal panel of a transverse electric field type active matrix display device constituting a second embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Those with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 correspond to the same functional parts. In this embodiment, in the first embodiment, the columnar spacers SP formed between adjacent pixels are plural, respectively, and each of them is formed into a bank shape between adjacent pixels. The other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment. In detail, the columnar spacer SP is formed as a bank according to the area between the image signal line DL located between one pair of the arranged pixel areas adjacent to the pixel electrode PX and the area facing the electrode CT. Shapers. Contains this paper standard applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ^ 1 ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ am— ϋ ϋ I ^ OJ ϋ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 591306 Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau employee consumer cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (? Q) The particles RU in the columnar spacer SP can be dispersed in substantially the same number per unit area, and the particles are dispersed The density is preferably formed uniformly over the entire area of the spacer. According to this embodiment, unwanted light leakage from the area between the image signal line D L and the facing electrode C T can also be prevented. The reason is the same as that described in the first embodiment. Also, this embodiment can be applied to a T N type liquid crystal display device and a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device as in the first embodiment, and the effects as described above can be obtained. An embodiment of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, that is, a method for forming a columnar spacer SP will be described below. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a first example of a transfer sheet for forming a columnar spacer according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. TFS is a transfer sheet used in this embodiment: a photosensitive transfer sheet made by laminating a photosensitive resin layer in which silicon oxide particles RU are uniformly dispersed and arranged on a base film BSF, or A transfer sheet made of a thermal transfer sheet made of a thermally fusible resin layer TRS in which silicon oxide particles RU are uniformly dispersed and arranged on a base film BSF is laminated. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second example of a transfer sheet for forming a columnar spacer according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. The transfer sheet TFS is a necessary place for laminating the base film BSF, that is, a photosensitive resin layer p RS formed by dispersing silicon oxide particles only on the part where the columnar spacer SP is formed on the substrate. The size of this paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ------------------- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 591306 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Α7 Β7 V. Description of Invention 0) Alternatively, a thermal transfer sheet made of a heat-adhesive resin layer T R S formed by dispersing silicon oxide particles in a necessary place only on the base film B S F is dispersed. Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a third example of the transfer sheet for forming a columnar spacer according to the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. The transfer sheet TFS is a transfer sheet in which a photosensitive resin layer PRS is formed by uniformly dispersing silicon oxide particles RU on a base film BSF with a release layer interposed therebetween, or laminated with a heat fusion prevention layer AT AL also has a heat-adhesive resin layer TRS formed by uniformly dispersing silicon oxide particles RU on the base film BSF. A method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device of the present invention using the above-mentioned transfer sheet T F S will be described below. Figures 7 to 7D are diagrams illustrating the outline of the first embodiment of the method for manufacturing a color filter substrate including a method for forming a columnar spacer using the photosensitive transfer sheet described in Figure 4 Illustration. In addition, the processes (A) to (D) may be implemented as described below. (A) The color filter substrate SUB 2 is a glass substrate with a thickness of 0 · 7mm or 1 · 1mm. A black photosensitive resin is coated on the substrate SUB 2 through the specified pattern of the corresponding black matrix. The black mask of the opening pattern (exposure mask) is exposed, developed, and fired to form a black matrix BM. Then use photosensitive red, green, and blue resins to repeatedly perform the same processes of exposure, development, and firing as described above to sequentially form color paper. The paper is sized according to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (21 °). χ 297 mm) I n-^ 1 mte ϋ ϋ · ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ «I ^ OJ8 1 Βϋ ϋ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Employees’ Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 B7 V. Inventors) Color filter FIL (red color layer FIL (R), green color layer FIL (G), blue color layer FIL (B)). The color filter F I L thus formed is covered with a protective layer (smoothing film) 0C. (Refer to Figure 7 A). A photosensitive transfer sheet T F S made of a photosensitive resin layer P R S in which silicon oxide particles R U are dispersed is laminated on the base film B S F on the protective film OC. At this time, the photosensitive resin layer P R S of the photosensitive transfer sheet T F S can be bonded to the protective film oc and then bonded. (B) After the photosensitive resin layer PRS is bonded to the protective film 0C, the base film BSF is peeled off and only the black photosensitive resin layer PRS is left on the protective film 0C. (C) A photosensitive resin layer P R S is irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a light shielding mask P M S K having an opening pattern corresponding to a position where the columnar spacer SP is formed (directly above the black matrix B M). This example is an example of a negative film type in which a photosensitive resin is cured when exposed to ultraviolet rays, but a positive type photosensitive resin that is removed during development is used for the ultraviolet irradiated portion. Yes. At this time, a mask having an opening pattern other than the position corresponding to the columnar spacer SP is used (see FIG. 7C). (D) After the exposure and development are performed, the non-exposed portion of the photosensitive resin layer P R S is removed, and after firing, a columnar spacer SP can be formed in which silica particles R U are dispersed. (Refer to Figure 7 D) The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------- tr · --------- ^^ 1 (Please Read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 _ Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention p) Again this example is an example of using the photosensitive transfer sheet shown in Figure 4 . The same applies to the manufacturing method using the photosensitive transfer sheet shown in FIG. 5 or 6. However, when the photosensitive transfer sheet of FIG. 5 is used, it is necessary to align the formation position of the columnar spacer sp with the position where the particles Ru of the photosensitive transfer sheet are dispersed. When the photosensitive transfer sheet shown in FIG. 6 is used, the photosensitive resin layer PR S must be bonded to the protective film 0C, and the base film B S F must be peeled off. According to this embodiment, the mechanical strength of the columnar spacer for uniformizing the cell gap can be improved. Those who form such columnar spacers accurately and easily. FIG. 8 is a schematic process diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a color filter substrate including a method for forming a columnar spacer using the photosensitive transfer sheet described in FIG. 4, according to 7A The same processes (A) to (D) of Figures to 7D are sequentially processed. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment described in FIGS. 7A to 7D described above in the handling operation of the base film constituting the photosensitive transfer sheet. (A) The color filter substrate SUB 2 is a glass substrate with a thickness of 0 · 7mm or 1 · 1mm. The substrate SUB 2 is coated with a black photosensitive resin. A black mask BM is formed by a mask (exposure mask) for photoetching of the opening pattern, which is exposed, developed, and fired. Then use the photosensitive red, green, and blue resins, and repeat the same exposure, development, and firing process as described above. Follow the steps to form a color filter. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------- mine --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 591306 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Α7 Β7 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION β4) Light device FIL (red colored layer FIL (R), green colored layer FIL (G), blue colored layer FIL (B)). The upper layer of the color filter F I L formed as described above is covered with a protective film (smoothing film) 0 C (see Fig. 8A above). Furthermore, a photosensitive transfer sheet T F S made of a photosensitive resin layer PR S formed by dispersing and disposing silicon oxide particles R U is laminated and laminated on the base film B S F. At this time, the photosensitive resin layer P R S of the photosensitive transfer sheet T F S can be bonded to the protective film 0 C to perform bonding. This process is the same as the embodiment of Fig. 7A. (B) After the photosensitive resin layer PR S is bonded to the protective film 0C, the base film B S F does not peel off, and remains on the protective film 0C as it is. (Refer to Figure 8B). (C) A photoresist mask PMSK having an opening pattern corresponding to the position where the columnar spacer SP is formed (straight on the black matrix BM) is laminated on the base film BSF of the photosensitive transfer sheet TF S, and This mask PMSK irradiates ultraviolet rays corresponding to the photosensitive resin layer PRS. In this example, the photosensitive resin is a film type in which a portion that is irradiated with ultraviolet rays is hardened. However, a positive type resin that is irradiated with ultraviolet rays and is removed during development can be used. As before. (Refer to Figure 8C). The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7C requires a means to maintain a predetermined interval between the photosensitive mask P M S K and the photosensitive resin layer. This embodiment is a method for directly stacking the PMSK shielding mask PMSK for the base film BSF. Therefore, by changing the thickness of the base film β SF, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). ) -------- tr · --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591306 A7 B7 _ _ 五、發明說明θ5 ) 度就可以正確的設定光蝕法之遮蔽罩P M S K與感光性樹 脂層P R S之間隔者。 (D )曝光後剝離底座薄膜B S F，藉由顯像處理去 除感光性樹脂層P R S之非曝光部份，實施燒成由而可以 形成分散配置了氧化矽之粒子R U之柱狀間隔件S Ρ。（ 爹照第8 D圖）。 再者使用第5圖或第6圖所示之感光性轉印片時也可 藉同樣之過程（製程）而可形成柱狀間隔件S Ρ也。 依本實施例亦可提高爲了使單元間隙均一用之柱狀間 隔件之機械的強度，且正確且容易的製成柱狀間隔件也。 第9 Α圖及第9 Β圖係說明包含使用以第4圖所說明 之熱轉印片之柱狀間隔件之形成方法之彩色濾光器基板之 製造方法之第3實施例之槪略過程圖。 本實施例中，到對於彩色濾光器基板S U B 2上形成 黑矩陣BM，三色之彩色濾光器F I L (F I L (R)、 FIL (G)、FIL (B))及覆蓋層OC之過程爲止 ，因爲與上述實施例相同，因此省略該圖示以及說明。 於第9 A圖之過程（A )中，對於如上述形成了彩色 濾光器等之彩色濾光器基板S U B 2之覆蓋層〇C上，貼 合熱轉印片TTF S。此熱轉印片TTF S乃將分散了氧 化矽之粒子R U之熱熔著性之樹脂T R S疊層於底座薄膜 B S F而形成，將該熱熔著性之樹脂T R S側面向於覆蓋 層〇C地予以載置。 並且將加熱頭（ThermaHead) TH，從底座薄膜 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------tr·--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明p ) B S F側抵接於形成柱狀間隔件之位置而施予加熱。又本 實施例係採取如第9 A圖所示，將彩色濾光器基板 S U B 2予以固定，令加熱頭TH移動於第9 A圖中之箭 不之方向由而依序加熱形成柱狀間隔件之位置之方法。惟 將加熱頭T Η予以固定，令使熱轉印片T T F S及彩色濾 光器基板S U Β 2移動亦可以。 此時藉由調整熱轉印片T T F S之移送量而可避免如 第9 Β圖之（Β )所示之熱熔著性之樹脂TR S之殘留之 發生。在減少熱轉印片T T F S之材料成本上很合宜。 又此加熱並不侷限於採用加熱頭，採用將雷射光等之 加熱用放射線之照射於規定處所之方法亦可行。 在此過程中，位於熱轉印片T T F S之柱狀間隔件形 成位置之熱熔著樹脂T R S將融著於覆蓋層〇C也。 使據位於柱狀間隔件形成位置之熱熔著性之樹脂T R S 融著於覆蓋層〇C之後。 (Β )從彩色濾光器基板S U Β 2剝離熱轉印片 T T F S由而可以形成柱狀間隔件S Ρ。 依此實施例時，由於不需要如上述第7 Α圖〜第7 D 圖或第8 A圖〜第8 D圖所說明之方法之光蝕過程，所以 可以將柱狀間隔件S P之形成過程單純化也。 再者第9 A圖及第9 B圖所示之實施例乃使用第4圖 所示之熱轉印片之方式之熱轉印片，惟第5圖及第6圖所 示之熱轉印片也與上述所述同樣可使用。 另一方面，有源矩陣基板SUB 1乃依習知之薄膜電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -心一 --------tr---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明θ7 ) 晶體之形成製程之同樣之製程就可製造。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 此有源矩陣基板SUB 1乃使用厚度0 · 7mm或 1 · 1 m m之玻璃基板，在此基板上反複成膜以及圖樣之 形成，以資形成由非晶形矽A S所成之薄膜電晶體T F T ，蓄積容量Cs t g、及畫素電極PX、源極電極SD1 及面向電極C T之電極群，且格子狀的形成介著薄膜電晶 體T F T地對於上述電極群施加規定之電壓之複數之影像 訊號線D L、漏極電極S D 2、控制面向電壓訊號線C L 及薄膜電晶體T F T之導通之複數之掃瞄訊號線G L及閘 極電極G T。 薄膜電晶體T F T、各電極群及各配線乃以絕緣膜 G 1及保護膜P S V來被覆。此後塗佈指向膜材料，施予 燒成，藉由摩擦處理或光指向處理，由而賦予液晶指向控 制能，由而形成指向控制層0 R I 1。 令如上述製成之有源矩陣基板S U B 1與以上述實施 例所製作之彩色濾光器基板S U B 2予以面向，該周邊部 即留著液晶之封入口地以接著劑來固定，在於二片基板間 封入液晶組成物，以密封劑來密封液晶封入口。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 而後，以壓機壓製，可獲得藉由柱狀間隔件所規制具 有規定之單元間隙之液晶顯示器也。 下面說明適用本發明之液晶顯示裝置之驅動機構。以 及具體的製品例。 第1 0圖乃適用本發明之液晶顯示裝置之驅動機構之 槪要說明圖。液晶顯示裝置乃該畫像顯示部係由矩陣地予 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 591306 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明P ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 以配置之複數之畫素之集合所構成。各畫素係獨自的可調 制控制來自配置於上述液晶顯示裝置之背部之不圖示之背 面光之透過光地被構成。 於液晶顯示基板之構成要素之一之有源矩陣基板（ S U B 1 )上，形成有，X方向（行方向）地延伸於有效 畫素領域A R、Y方向（列方向）地被並設之掃瞄訊號線 G L及面向電壓訊號線C L，以及形成有分別被絕緣延伸 於Y方向，並設於X方向之影像訊號線D L。 本例乃由各掃瞄訊號線G L、面向電壓訊號線C L、 影像訊號線D L所圍繞之矩形狀之領域上形成單位畫素。 液晶顯示裝置上，做爲其外部電路地具備有垂直掃描 電路V及影像驅動電路Η，藉由上述垂直掃描電路V而對 於上述各掃瞄訊號線G L，依序供給掃瞄訊號（電壓）’ 配合於該時序地從影像訊號驅動電路Η而對於影像訊號線 D L供給影像訊號（電壓）也。 又垂直掃瞄電路V及影像訊號驅動電路Η係從液晶驅 動電源電路3供給電源，又來自C P U 1之畫像資料乃由 控制器2而分別分爲顯示資料及控制訊號而被輸入也。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第1 1圖乃表示適用了本發明之液晶顯示裝置之驅動 波形之一例之說明圖。 同圖中，將面向電壓使之成爲V CH及V C L之二値 之交流矩形波，而與它同步地將掃瞄訊號V G ( i — 1 ) 、V G ( i )之非選擇電壓以每一掃瞄期間地’以V C Η 及V C L之二値地予以變化。面向電壓之振幅及非選擇電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明P ) 壓之振幅幅即使之同一。 影像訊號電壓乃，從欲施加於液晶層之電壓減去面向 電壓之振幅之1/2之電壓也。 面向電壓乃雖然直流也可以。惟使它交流化而可以減 低影像訊號電壓之最大振幅，由而在於影像訊號驅動電路 (訊號側驅動器）有使用耐壓低者之可能也。 第1 2圖表示說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之全體構 成之展開斜視圖。 液晶顯示裝置（下面將貼合二片之基板S U B 1、 S U B 2而成之液晶面板、驅動機構、背面光、其他之構 成構件予以一體化而成者稱之爲液晶顯示組成：M D L ) 之具體的構造者。 S H D係由金屬板所成之遮蔽外殻（亦稱金屬框架） 、W D係顯示窗、I N S 1〜3係絕緣片、P C Β 1〜3 係構成驅動機構之電路基板（P C Β 1係漏極側電路基板 、影像訊號線驅動用電路基板、P C Β 2係閘極側電路基 板、P C Β 3係接口電路基板）、J Ν 1〜3係電路的連 接各電路基板PCB1〜3之連接處、TCP 1、 T C P 2係帶載體包封、P N L係液晶面板、G C係橡膠 緩衝器、I L S係遮光間隔件、P R S係菱鏡片、S P S 係擴散片、G L B係導光板、R F S係反射片、M C A係 以一體形成所形成之下側殼體（模製框架）、Μ〇係 M C Α之開口、L Ρ係螢光管、L P C係燈電線、G Β係 用於支撑螢光管LP之橡膠套管、BAT係兩面粘著帶、 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明⑼） B L係由螢光管及導光管所成之背面光，以圖示之配置關 係疊層擴散板構件，由而組合成液晶顯示組成M D L。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 液晶顯示組成M D L乃備有下側殼體M C Α及遮蔽殼 體S H D之二種收容、保持構件，將由收容固定了絕緣片 INS1〜3、電路基板PCB1〜3、液晶面板PNL 之金屬製之遮蔽殼體SHD、以及收容由螢光管LP、導 光板G L Β、菱鏡片P R S所成之背面光B L而成之下側 殼體MCA予以合體而製成。 在於影像訊號線驅動用電路基板P C Β 1載置有用於 驅動液晶面板P N .L之各畫素用之積體電路晶片。又在接 口電路基板P C B 3上載置用於接受來自外部主機之影像 訊號、接受時序訊號等之控制訊號等之積體電路晶片，以 及加工時序形成鐘訊號之時序變換器T C Ο N等。 以上述時序變換器所形成之鐘訊號係介著敷設於接口 電路基板P C B 3及影像訊號線驅動用電路基板P C Β 1 之鐘訊號線C L L，而供給於載置於影像訊號線驅動用電 路基板P C Β 1之積體電路晶片。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 接口電路基板P C B 3及影像訊號線驅動用電路基板 P C Β 1係多層配線基板，上述鐘訊號線C L L係以接口 電路基板P C B 3及影像訊號線驅動用電路基板P C Β 1 之內層配線之方式地予以形成。 又在於液晶面板P N L乃以帶載體包封T C P 1、 T C P 2而連接用於驅動T F T之漏極側電路基板 P C Β 1、閘極側電路基板p c B 2及接口電路基板 -όό - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公楚） 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（31 ) P C B，各電路基板間即以連接處j N 1、2來連接。 液晶面板P N L係如上述之依本發明之橫電場方式之 有源矩陣型液晶顯示裝置，而具備，將此二片之基板之間 隔維持於規定値用之’以上述實施例所說明之柱狀間隔件 者。 第1 3圖乃安裝依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之電子機器 之一例之筆記型電腦之斜視圖。 該筆記型電腦（手提型個人電腦）乃由鍵盤部（主體 部）、及以鉸鏈連結於此鍵盤部之顯示部所構成。在於鍵 盤部將收容鍵盤及主部（主電腦）、C P U等之訊號形成 機能。在於顯示部備有液晶面板P N L，而在其周邊安裝 載置了驅動電路基板P C B 1、P C B 2，控制晶片 TCON之PCB3，以及擔負背面光電源之變換機電源 基板。 並且安裝將上述液晶顯示面板P N L，各種電路基板 PCB1、 PCB2、 PCB3，變換器電源基板以及背 面光予以成一體化而成之第1 2圖中所說明之液晶顯示組 成。 再者，上述實施例乃舉出將本發明適用於所謂橫電場 型之液晶顯示裝置之構成爲例做說明。惟本發明並不侷限 於此，在於具有間隔件中混入了粒子以資將單元間隙維持 於均一之必要之其他之液晶顯示裝置，當然同樣地可適用 也。 如上面所說明，依本發明乃藉由覆罩於影像訊號線與 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -Ί54- —-----------f——i訂---------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明P2 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 面向電極之間，或影像訊號線與畫素電極之領域之間地予 以配置之柱狀間隔件，及在其內部之單元間隙之大致同樣 大小之粒子而使顯示畫面內之單元間隙得於形成爲均一狀 ，於是顯示畫面內之暉度得於成爲均一狀。 又上述各電極間之領域內之液晶乃一部份被排除，所 以上述電極間之領域之透過光乃不容易受形成於這些電極 間之電場之影響。 所以該領域之漏光量會變少，對比及暉度得於提高， 可防止失真之發生可以獲得高品質之畫像顯示之液晶顯示 裝置。 在本發明中雖提出幾個實施例而做說明，惟本發明並 不侷限於它，而在於業者所能認知之範圍地所做之種種變 形以及改善亦該包含在該範圍，所以本案之申請專利範圍 乃不侷限於說明書中之詳述說明之內容亦應包含上述之各 種變形及改善也。 圖式之簡單說明 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第1圖係模式的說明有關構成本發明之液晶顯示裝置 之第1實施例之橫電場方式有源矩陣型顯示裝置之構成液 晶面板之畫素之該畫素及該附近之平面圖。 第2圖係沿著第1圖之1 一 1 /線之剖面圖。 第3圖係模式的說明有關構成本發明之液晶顯示裝置 之第2實施例之橫電場方式有源矩陣型顯示裝置之構成液 晶面板之畫素附近之平面圖。 -- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 591306 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（33 ) 第4圖係說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法之 柱狀間隔件形成用轉印片之第1例剖面圖。 第5圖係說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法之 柱狀間隔件形成用轉印片之第2例剖面圖。 第6圖係說明依本發明之液晶顯示裝置之製造方法之 柱狀間隔件形成用轉印片之第3例剖面圖。 第7圖係說明包含使用以第4圖所說明之感光性轉印 片之柱狀間隔件之形成方法之彩色濾光器基板之製造方法 之第1實施例之槪略過程圖。 第8圖係說明包含使用以第4圖所說明之感光性轉印 片之柱狀間隔件之形成方法之彩色濾光器基板之製造方法 之第2實施例之槪略過程圖。 第9圖係說明包含使用以第4圖所說明之熱轉印片之 柱狀間隔件之形成方法之彩色濾光器基板之製造方法之第 3實施例之槪略過程圖。 第1 0圖係表示適用本發明之液晶顯示裝置之驅動機 構之槪要之說明圖。 第1 1圖係表示適用本發明之液晶顯示裝置之驅動波 形之一例之說明圖。 第1 2圖係說明本發明之液晶顯示裝置之全體構成之 展開斜視圖。 第1 3圖係做爲安裝了本發明之液晶顯示裝置之電子 機器之一例之筆記型電腦之斜視圖。 第1 4圖係說明以橫電場之液晶顯示裝置所形成之電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明（34 ) 場之剖面圖。 主要元件對照表 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 S U B 1 基 板 S u B 2 基 板 D L 影 像 訊 號 線 C T 面 向 電 極 Ρ X 畫 素 電 極 Ρ S V 保 護 膜 L C 液 晶 組 成 物 〇 R I 1 指 向 控制 層 Β M 里 矩 陣 F I L 彩 色 濾 光 器 〇 C 覆 蓋 層 〇 R I 2 指 向 控 制 層 G 1 絕 緣 膜 A 〇 F 絕 緣 膜 d 1 導 電 膜 d 2 導 電 膜 g 1 導 電 膜 g 2 導 電 膜 P 〇 L 1 偏 光 板 P 〇 L 2 偏 光板 S P 柱狀 間 隔 件 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -όί - 591306 A7 B7 五、發明說明（35 ) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 S D 2 漏 極 電 極 C L 面 向 電 壓 訊 號 線 S D 1 源 極 電 極 C s t g 蓄 積 容 量 G L 掃 瞄 訊 號 線 G T 閘 極 電 極 T F T 薄 膜 電 晶 體 P R s 樹 脂 R U 枚 子 T F s 轉 印 片 B S F 底 座 薄 膜 T R S 轉 印 板 A T A L 熱 融 著 防 止 層 G 1 閘 絕 緣 膜 P S V 鈍 化 層 ( 保 護 層 ) A 〇 F 鋁 氧 化 膜 ( 絕 緣 膜） S E P L 離 模 層 1 C P U 2 控 制 器 3 液 晶 驅 動 電 源 電 路 ------------f————t---------$ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -38 -Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591306 A7 B7 _ _ 5. Description of the invention θ5) The distance between the masking mask P M S K and the photosensitive resin layer P R S of the photolithography method can be set correctly. (D) After the exposure, the base film B S F is peeled off, the non-exposed portion of the photosensitive resin layer PR S is removed by the development process, and firing is performed to form the columnar spacer SP of the dispersed silica particles R U. (Daddy according to Figure 8D). Furthermore, when the photosensitive transfer sheet shown in Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 is used, a columnar spacer SP can be formed by the same process (process). According to this embodiment, the mechanical strength of the columnar spacers for uniform cell gaps can also be improved, and the columnar spacers can be made accurately and easily. Figures 9A and 9B illustrate the outline of the third embodiment of the method for manufacturing a color filter substrate including a method for forming a columnar spacer using the thermal transfer sheet described in Figure 4. Illustration. In this embodiment, the process of forming a black matrix BM, a three-color color filter FIL (FIL (R), FIL (G), FIL (B)) and a cover layer OC on the color filter substrate SUB 2 So far, it is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment, so this illustration and description are omitted. In the process (A) of FIG. 9A, the thermal transfer sheet TTF S is attached to the cover layer 0C of the color filter substrate S U B 2 in which a color filter is formed as described above. This thermal transfer sheet TTF S is formed by laminating the heat-adhesive resin TRS in which silicon oxide particles RU are dispersed on a base film BSF, and the side of the heat-adhesive resin TRS faces the cover layer 0C. Place it. And the heating head (ThermaHead) TH, from the base film, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------------------- -tr · --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 591306 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention p) The BSF side abuts on the formation The position of the columnar spacer is applied to heat. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9A, the color filter substrate SUB 2 is fixed, so that the heating head TH is moved in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 9A to sequentially heat to form a columnar space. The method of the location of the pieces. However, the heating head T Η is fixed so that the thermal transfer sheet T T F S and the color filter substrate S U B 2 can be moved. At this time, by adjusting the transfer amount of the thermal transfer sheet T T F S, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of the residue of the heat-adhesive resin TR S as shown in (B) of FIG. 9B. It is very suitable for reducing the material cost of the thermal transfer sheet T T F S. In addition, the heating is not limited to the use of a heating head, and a method of irradiating a heating radiation such as laser light to a predetermined space may be used. In this process, the heat-adhesive resin TRS located at the position where the columnar spacers of the thermal transfer sheet TTFS are formed will be fused to the cover layer 0C. The heat-adhesive resin TRS located at the position where the columnar spacer was formed was fused to the cover layer 0C. (B) By peeling the thermal transfer sheet T T F S from the color filter substrate S U B 2, a columnar spacer SP can be formed. According to this embodiment, since the photo-etching process according to the method described in the above 7A to 7D or 8A to 8D is not required, the formation process of the columnar spacer SP can be performed. Simplified also. Moreover, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B is a thermal transfer sheet using the method of the thermal transfer sheet shown in FIG. 4, but the thermal transfer shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 The sheet can be used in the same manner as described above. On the other hand, the active-matrix substrate SUB 1 is based on a conventional thin-film electrical paper standard that applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)-Xinyi -------- tr ---- ----- Line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 591306 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention θ7) The same process can be used for the crystal formation process. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page.) This active matrix substrate SUB 1 is a glass substrate with a thickness of 0 · 7mm or 1 · 1 mm. Films and patterns are formed on this substrate repeatedly to form The thin film transistor TFT made of amorphous silicon AS has a storage capacity Cs tg, a pixel electrode PX, a source electrode SD1, and an electrode group facing the electrode CT, and a grid-like formation is formed for the above through the thin film transistor TFT. The electrode group applies a plurality of image signal lines DL and drain electrodes SD of a predetermined voltage, and controls a plurality of scanning signal lines GL and gate electrodes GT that are turned on for the voltage signal line CL and the thin film transistor TFT to be turned on. The thin film transistor T F T, each electrode group, and each wiring are covered with an insulating film G 1 and a protective film P S V. Thereafter, a pointing film material is applied, and firing is performed. The rubbing treatment or light pointing treatment is then used to give the liquid crystal pointing control power, thereby forming the pointing control layer 0 R I 1. The active matrix substrate SUB 1 manufactured as described above and the color filter substrate SUB 2 manufactured in the above embodiment are faced, and the peripheral portion is fixed with an adhesive agent with the sealing hole of the liquid crystal left in two pieces. A liquid crystal composition is sealed between the substrates, and the liquid crystal seal is sealed with a sealant. It is printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and then pressed by a press to obtain a liquid crystal display with a prescribed cell gap regulated by a column spacer. The driving mechanism of the liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied will be described below. And specific product examples. FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a driving mechanism of a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied. The liquid crystal display device is the portrait display unit. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). 591306 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention P) (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) It consists of a set of multiple pixels. Each pixel is configured to individually control the transmitted light from a back light (not shown) arranged on the back of the liquid crystal display device. An active matrix substrate (SUB 1), which is one of the constituent elements of a liquid crystal display substrate, is formed with an X-direction (row direction) extending in the effective pixel area AR and Y-direction (column direction). The aiming signal line GL and the voltage-oriented signal line CL are formed with image signal lines DL which are insulated and extend in the Y direction and are arranged in the X direction. In this example, a unit pixel is formed in a rectangular area surrounded by each scanning signal line G L, a voltage signal line C L, and an image signal line D L. On the liquid crystal display device, a vertical scanning circuit V and an image driving circuit are provided as external circuits. The scanning signal (voltage) is sequentially supplied to each of the scanning signal lines GL through the vertical scanning circuit V. In accordance with this timing, an image signal (voltage) is also supplied from the image signal driving circuit to the image signal line DL. The vertical scanning circuit V and the image signal driving circuit are supplied with power from the liquid crystal driving power circuit 3, and the image data from the CP1 is divided into display data and control signals by the controller 2 and input. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a driving waveform of a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied. In the figure, the voltage is turned into an alternating rectangular wave of V CH and VCL, and in synchronization with it, the non-selected voltages of the scanning signals VG (i — 1) and VG (i) are scanned at each scan. Period 'is changed with VC and VCL. Voltage-oriented amplitude and non-selected electrical paper size are applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 591306 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention P) Even the same. The video signal voltage is obtained by subtracting a voltage of 1/2 of the amplitude of the voltage from the voltage to be applied to the liquid crystal layer. Voltage-oriented, although DC can be used. However, the AC signal can reduce the maximum amplitude of the video signal voltage, so that the video signal drive circuit (signal driver) may use a low voltage withstand voltage. Fig. 12 is a development perspective view illustrating the overall structure of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. The liquid crystal display device (hereinafter referred to as the liquid crystal display composition: MDL) is formed by integrating a liquid crystal panel, a driving mechanism, a back light, and other constituent members formed by bonding two substrates SUB 1 and SUB 2. The constructor. SHD is a shielding case (also called a metal frame) made of a metal plate, WD is a display window, INS 1 ~ 3 is an insulating sheet, and PC Β 1 ~ 3 is a circuit substrate (PC Β 1 is a drain) Side circuit board, circuit board for video signal line drive, PC Β 2 series gate side circuit board, PC Β 3 series interface circuit board), J Ν 1 ~ 3 series circuit connection to each circuit board PCB1 ~ 3, TCP 1, TCP 2 with carrier encapsulation, PNL-based liquid crystal panel, GC-based rubber buffer, ILS-based light shielding spacer, PRS-based diamond lens, SPS-based diffuser, GLB-based light guide plate, RFS-based reflective sheet, MCA-based Integrally formed lower case (molded frame), openings of MO series MC Α, LP series fluorescent tubes, LPC series lamp wires, G Β series rubber sleeves for supporting fluorescent tube LP , BAT is an adhesive tape on both sides. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order- ------- Line (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) 591306 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ⑼) BL is by fluorescent tube The light guide into the light pipe back surface, to the illustrated arrangement of the diffusion plate member laminated relation, and a combination of the composition into the liquid crystal display M D L. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page.) The LCD display component MDL is equipped with two kinds of storage and holding members, namely the lower case MC Α and the shielding case SHD. The insulating sheets INS1 ~ 3 and the circuit will be fixed by the storage. The substrates PCB1 to 3, the metal shield case SHD of the liquid crystal panel PNL, and the lower case MCA which accommodates the back light BL formed by the fluorescent tube LP, the light guide plate GL Β, and the prism lens PRS are combined into one. production. An integrated circuit chip for driving each pixel of the liquid crystal panel P N .L is mounted on the circuit board P C B 1 for driving image signal lines. On the interface circuit board PCB 3, an integrated circuit chip for receiving an image signal from an external host, a control signal for receiving a timing signal, and the like, and a timing converter T C Ο N for forming a clock signal at a processing timing. The clock signal formed by the above-mentioned timing converter is supplied to the circuit board for driving the image signal line via the clock signal line CLL laid on the interface circuit substrate PCB 3 and the image signal line driving circuit substrate PC Β1. PC Β 1 integrated circuit chip. The Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs's employee cooperative prints the interface circuit board PCB 3 and the image signal line drive circuit board PC Β1 is a multilayer wiring board. The above-mentioned clock signal line CLL is based on the interface circuit board PCB 3 and the image signal line drive circuit. The inner layer wiring of the substrate PC Β 1 is formed in such a manner. In addition, the liquid crystal panel PNL is connected to the drain side circuit substrate PC Β1, gate side circuit substrate pc B 2 and interface circuit substrate for driving TFT by encapsulating TCP 1 and TCP 2 with a carrier-ό-This paper standard Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 Gongchu) 591306 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (31) PCB, the connection between each circuit substrate is j N 1, 2 to connect. The liquid crystal panel PNL is an active matrix liquid crystal display device of the transverse electric field method according to the present invention described above, and is provided with a columnar shape described in the above-mentioned embodiment in which the interval between the two substrates is maintained at a predetermined level. Spacer. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a notebook computer as an example of an electronic device equipped with a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. This notebook computer (portable personal computer) is composed of a keyboard section (main body section) and a display section connected to the keyboard section with a hinge. The keyboard part will function as a signal to house the keyboard, the main part (host computer), and CPU. The display section is provided with a liquid crystal panel P N L, and a driver circuit board P C B 1, P C B 2, a control chip TCON PCB 3, and a power board for a converter for back light power supply are mounted on the periphery of the display section. The liquid crystal display assembly illustrated in Fig. 12 which integrates the above-mentioned liquid crystal display panel P N L, various circuit substrates PCB1, PCB2, PCB3, converter power substrate, and back light is installed. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the configuration in which the present invention is applied to a so-called transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It has other liquid crystal display devices necessary for mixing particles in the spacer to maintain uniform cell gaps, and of course, it is equally applicable. As explained above, according to the present invention, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) is applied by covering the image signal line and the paper size -Ί54- —--------- --f——i order --------- line · (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 591306 A7 B7 V. Invention Description P2) (Please read the notes on the back before filling (This page) The columnar spacers arranged between the electrodes, or between the image signal line and the area of the pixel electrode, and the particles of approximately the same size inside the cell gap, so that the cell gap in the display screen Since it is formed into a uniform shape, the brightness in the display screen may be made into a uniform shape. In addition, the liquid crystals in the areas between the electrodes are partially excluded, so the transmitted light in the areas between the electrodes is not easily affected by the electric field formed between the electrodes. Therefore, the amount of light leakage in this field will be reduced, and the contrast and brightness will be improved, which can prevent the occurrence of distortion and obtain a high-quality liquid crystal display device for image display. Although several embodiments are described in the present invention for explanation, the present invention is not limited to it, but various modifications and improvements made within the scope that the industry can recognize should also be included in the scope, so the application in this case The scope of the patent is not limited to the content of the detailed description in the description, but also includes the above-mentioned various modifications and improvements. Brief description of the drawing Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed the first diagram of the mode Description of the liquid crystal panel of the horizontal electric field active matrix display device constituting the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention The pixel of the pixel and the nearby plan view. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 / in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the vicinity of pixels constituting a liquid crystal panel of a transverse electric field type active matrix display device constituting a second embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. -This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 591306 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (33) Figure 4 illustrates the use of the invention A cross-sectional view of a first example of a transfer sheet for forming a columnar spacer in a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second example of a transfer sheet for forming a columnar spacer according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a third example of a transfer sheet for forming a columnar spacer, illustrating a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic process diagram illustrating the first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a color filter substrate including a method for forming a columnar spacer using the photosensitive transfer sheet described in Fig. 4; Fig. 8 is a schematic process diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing a color filter substrate including a method of forming a columnar spacer using the photosensitive transfer sheet described in Fig. 4; Fig. 9 is a schematic process diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a method for manufacturing a color filter substrate including a method for forming a columnar spacer using the thermal transfer sheet described in Fig. 4; Fig. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the outline of a driving mechanism of a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied. Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a driving waveform of a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied. Fig. 12 is a development perspective view illustrating the overall configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a notebook computer as an example of an electronic device equipped with the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 14 shows that the paper size of the electric paper formed by the liquid crystal display device with a transverse electric field is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------------- ------ Order --------- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 591306 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (34) A sectional view of the field. Comparison table of main components Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Substrate 1 Sub board 2 Sub board 2 DL Image signal line CT Facing electrode P X Pixel electrode P SV Protective film LC Liquid crystal composition 0RI 1 Pointing to the control layer B M Lining matrix FIL color filter 0C cover layer 0RI 2 pointing control layer G 1 insulating film A 0F insulating film d 1 conductive film d 2 conductive film g 1 conductive film g 2 conductive film P 〇L 1 polarizing plate P 〇 L 2 polarizing plate SP column spacer (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)-όί-591306 A7 B7 V. Invention Note (35) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs SD 2 Drain electrode CL Voltage-oriented signal line SD 1 Source electrode C stg Storage capacity GL Scanning signal line GT Gate electrode TFT Thin film Crystal PR s Resin RU Membrane TF s Transfer sheet BSF Base film TRS Transfer plate ATAL Thermal fusion prevention layer G 1 Gate insulating film PSV Passivation layer (protective layer) A 〇F Aluminum oxide film (insulating film) SEPL Release Tier 1 CPU 2 Controller 3 LCD drive power circuit ------------ f ——---- t --------- $ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -38-