TW590816B - Method for producing treated incinerator ash low in toxicity and swelling by substitution and wet packing - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing treated incinerator ash low in toxicity and swelling by substitution and wet packing produces a basis filling material with low toxicity and swelling and high support ratio. The present invention comprises: diluting a raw incinerator ash with 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% or 100% of a coarse basis material from river bed; forming a viscous cement binding material by adding a small amount of cement and water glass, mixed by water, in which the amount of cement used is controlled to be 0.1% to 5% of the total amount of the incinerator ash and the coarse basis material from river bed, the amount of water glass used is 0.1% to 0.5%, and the viscosity of the slurry is more than 500cc/40s measured by a Brookfield Viscometer; coating the surface of the coarse material mixed with the incinerator ash and the coarse basis material with the viscous cement binding material to form a Portland cement slurry film. The objective of the above operations is to solidify and chelate the incinerator ash for stabilization. Next, the mixture is mixed with the incinerator ash. The coated and improved incinerator ash is subjected to a toxicity dissolution test and a CNS 14602 swelling test. The test results indicate that the dissolved toxicities are 0.01 to 0.018 mg/l of Cr (VI), 0.04 to 0.048 mg/l of total Cr, 0.015 to 0.020 mg/l of total Cd, 0.09 to 0.1 mg/l of total Pb, 0.0012 to 0.0020 mg/l of total As, ND for total Hg. The dissolved toxicities are all smaller than the toxic dissolution standard for industrial wastes. The resulting swelling rate is 0.12% to 0.6% which is far lower than the 1.5% specified by the highway standard. The resulting CBR value (California support ratio) is 105% to 195% which is far exceeding the 20% CBR value specified for a highway base material, as well as exceeding the 80% CBR value specified for a road base material. This indicates that the improved incinerator ash is a good filling material meeting the standards.

Description

590816 V. Description of the invention (1) (1), [Technical field to which the new invention belongs] The present invention proposes a treatment method for reducing toxic dissolution and swelling of the bottom ash of the incinerator, which is the product of a resource recovery plant. The raw material replacement amount of the incinerator bottom ash is 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The purpose is to dilute the bottom ash of the incinerator to stabilize it; then use it again. After a small amount of cement and water glass are mixed with water to form a viscous shape, it is wet-wrapped on the surface of the coarse material mixed with the ash and coarse aggregate at the bottom of the incinerator to form a cement slurry cement film of the Pozolan layer, so that the bottom of the porous incinerator A dense cement film is formed on the surface of the ash particles, which can isolate external moisture from invading the inside of the bottom of the incinerator, causing toxic dissolution and causing swelling. The main purpose is to solidify and chelate the bottom of the incinerator to make it more tend to It is stable and increases its compressive resistance, shear strength and bearing capacity. Therefore, the incinerator bottom ash improvement material can be used as a variety of construction materials, and can be used in a variety of construction occasions, such as road base layer and platform site fill layer. . (2) [Previous technology] Because the ash and ash at the bottom of the incinerator contain high concentrations of heavy metals, the domestic ash treatment method is still solidified and buried at this stage. In addition to violating the principle of resource regeneration, this treatment method may be handled improperly. The problem of secondary pollution deserves deep consideration and discussion by relevant government units. Moreover, the huge amount of incinerator bottom ash is not easy to obtain. It is also a violation of the principle of best use of resources to bury landfills. Therefore, it is necessary to plan early to establish incinerator bottom ash resource regeneration technology and control measures in order to respond to future Management issues for handling and reuse. Also should be equipped

590816 V. Description of the invention (2) Conservation of the country avoids excessive environmental development and secondary pollution. The use of incinerator bottom ash as a coarse and fine aggregate and road substrate level ingredients can not only solve the problem of incinerator bottom ash nowhere to be piled up. Dilemma can also increase the country's resources. (3) [New invention content] The bottom ash of the incinerator is a product of a resource recovery plant. The domestic annual output is about 24 million tons. Its main chemical components are CaO, Si02, FeO, MgO, and K 2 Oxides such as 0, Na 2 0, A 12 0 3, and S 0 3 are similar to ordinary aggregates, with high water permeability, stable physical and chemical properties, and high pellet substitution. They are good building materials and can replace natural grades. It can be used as road base level ingredients and platform site filling materials. At the same time, the main chemical components of coarse aggregates for general riverbed materials are C a 0, S i 02,

FeO, MgO, K20, Na20, Al203, Ti02 and other oxides, as additives to the bottom ash of the incinerator, can not only dilute the bottom ash of the incinerator, but also reduce the amount of toxic dissolution and make it stable; Reduce the permeability of the improved incinerator bottom ash filling materials and increase its compression resistance, shear strength and bearing capacity. Generally speaking, the swelling test for slag gradation containing iron oxide and unreacted lime is performed in accordance with the method specified in CNS 1 466, but because the bottom ash of the incinerator is not thorough during the magnetic screening process, Contains a higher iron oxide content, so when examining the amount of swelling, it must be carried out using the method specified in CNS 1 466 2 than the slag grading. This specification is to immerse the test body in water at 80 ± 3 ° C for 6 hours, to accelerate the expansion rate of the bottom ash of the incinerator by aging, and to naturally cool in the curing equipment after 6 hours of aging, and then measure the return of the test body. Swell

590816 V. Description of the invention (3) Once a day for 10 consecutive days, according to the requirements of CNS 14602, the final expansion rate must be less than 1.5%, which is a good filling material. The invention uses a small amount of cement and water glass to stir into a viscous state, and then as a stable material, it is wet-wrapped on the surface of the coarse material mixed with the bottom ash of the incinerator and the natural coarse aggregate to form a cement paste of the Pozolan layer. The main purpose of conjunctiva is: (1) It can isolate external water from intruding into the bottom ash of the incinerator, thereby reducing the amount of heavy metals and soluble salts dissolved, and reducing the impact of sensitive environmental ecology or water sources.

(2) Fill the pores between the ash and granules at the bottom of the incinerator, and promote the interlocking between the granules after compaction, reduce its compressibility and permeability, and increase its shear strength. (3) The wet-wrapped Pozolan layer is a cement paste cement film. CS- 因 colloid, C- (N / K) -SH colloid, calcium-vanadium will be produced because the cement and water glass mixture will accelerate the hydration reaction. The hydration products such as stone, C4 A thorium and its solid solution and a small amount of calcium hydroxide promote cementation between the ash particles at the bottom of the incinerator to form a continuous and dense matrix. (4) Posolan material performs slow Posolan reaction with water and hydrated product calcium hydroxide, etc., consumes alkali ions to generate CSH, C- (N / K) -SH colloids and fills the pores to make it resistant to sulfate attack And the alkali silicon reaction ability increases, making the bottom ash of the incinerator more stable.

(IV) [Embodiment] In this implementation, the composition of the incinerator bottom ash is first understood by X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis, and then the incineration is observed from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Furnace bottom crystalline phase and constituent elements, and dissolve with toxicity

Page 7 590816 V. Description of the invention (4) The test (T C L P) tests the dissolution characteristics of heavy metals in the bottom of the incinerator. In addition, this implementation also tried to improve the properties of the bottom ash of the incinerator by replacing the wet wrap and usage. In terms of replacing the wet wrap and usage, the river bed coarse materials were used to replace 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. And 100% coarse material of incinerator bottom ash, so as to make the incinerator bottom ash more stable; in addition, the mixture of cement, water glass and water is used as the incinerator bottom ash wet coating material. Controlled between 0.1% to 5% of the total amount of ash coarse and fine materials at the bottom of the incinerator and riverbed coarse materials, while water glass was controlled to be between (L 1% to 0.5%), and its viscosity was funnel-shaped The viscosity of the viscometer is more than 500 cc / 40 seconds, and this material is wet-wrapped on the surface of the coarse material mixed with the bottom ash of the incinerator and the coarse aggregate to form a cement paste film of the Pozolan layer, thereby curing. 2. Chelation makes the incineration bottom ash tend to be stable. In order to verify the effectiveness of the present invention, an actual test is performed. The actual tests include the incinerator bottom ash composition, basic physical property test, basic mechanical property test, and basic chemical property test. The flow chart of the actual test is shown in Figure 1. [1] Composition of the bottom ash of the incinerator The physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the incinerator bottom ash used in this experiment are the products of the Kaohsiung South District Resource Recovery Plant. The X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to understand the incinerator bottom ash. The composition, and then observe the gray crystal phase and constituent elements of the incinerator bottom from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and then calculate the weight percentage of the compound based on the atomic weight of each element from the weight percentage of the constituent elements; The basic physical property test is to obtain the particle size distribution, specific gravity, water absorption, liquid limit, plastic limit, and soil classification. In addition, basic mechanical tests such as improved compaction test, CBR test, Los Angeles abrasion test, fitness test and CNS 1 4 6 0 2 Expansion test, etc. X-ray diffraction of ash at the bottom of the obtained incinerator

590816 V. Description of the invention (5) Analysis chart (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5), energy spectrum analysis chart (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 7), scanning electron microscope crystal phase diagram (as shown in Figure Figure 3 and Figure 6), particle size distribution curve (as shown in Figure 8), improved compaction test results (as shown in Figure 9), CBR (California load-bearing ratio) test results (as shown in Figure 10) (Shown), as well as other physical properties, basic mechanical properties and chemical properties are listed below: [Composition of incinerator bottom ash] (a) C a 0: 5 4. 8 ° / 〇 (b) Si02: 10.4% (c ) F e 0: 1.9 ° / 〇 (d) MgO: 2.8 ° / 〇 (e) K20: 1.7 ° / 〇 (f) Na20: 2.6%

(g) Al 203: 4.6% (h) S03: 6.8% [Physical and basic mechanical properties of incinerator bottom ash] (a) Specific gravity: 2 · 3 (b) Water absorption: 6.2% (c) Test loss rate: (coarse material): 4 · 5 9%, (fine material): 8 · 50% (d) sand equivalent: 4 5 · 6% (e) liquid limit: no (f) plastic limit : None (g) Los Angeles Test Wear Rate: 4 6 · 4% (h) AAS Η T 0 Classification: A-1-a (gravel and sand, excellent subgrade material) (i) Maximum dry density r dmax = 1 · 685g / cm3 (j) optimal water content W_ = 13 · 37%

(k) CBR (California Bearing Ratio): CBR = 80% when rd = r dmax * 98%; CBR = 58% when rd = rdmax * 95% (as shown in Figure 10) (1) CNS 1 4 6 0 2 method measured immersion water swelling rate: 1. 8 8% far exceeds highway specifications

Page 9 590816 V. Description of the invention (6) The bulging rate of the subgrade grading material at the subgrade is 1.5%. [Chemical properties and toxicity characteristics of dissolution test (TCLP) results of incinerator bottom ash] (a) Hexavalent chromium: three average 0.04 (mg / l) less than the limit value 2.5 (mg / l) (b) total chromium An average of 0.1 1 6 (mg / 1) is less than the limit value of 5.0 (mg / 1) (c) Total cadmium: three averages of 0 · 12 (mg / l) are less than the limit value of 1.0 · (mg / l) ) (d) Total lead: three averages 1.0 · 6 (mg / 1) less than the limit value 5 · 0 (mg / 1) (e) total arsenic · three averages 0 · 0 0 5 (mg / 1) Less than the limit value 5 · 0 (mg / 1) (f) Total mercury: three averages 0 · 0 0 3 (mg / l) less than the limit value 0.2 · (mg / l) (g) Total copper: three averages 4.71 (mg / 1) [not included in regulatory standards]

(h) Total zinc ·· Three averages 42.8 (mg / 1) [It has exceeded the old control standard of 25 (mg / 1), but the dissolution standard of the Republic of China in 1990 has been revised and zinc has been removed from the control project] . (i) Loss on ignition: 4 · 98% (j) P Η value: 1 0 · 8 3 As can be seen from the table above, the specific gravity of the bottom ash of the incinerator is 2.3 compared with the general natural aggregate 2. 6 ～ 2. 8 Light, its water absorption is 6.2%, which is higher than that of natural aggregate, showing that it contains more pores inside. In addition, the wear rate obtained from the Los Angeles abrasion test is as high as 46 · 4%, which is close to the requirement of 50% wear rate for road grading base layer and bottom material of highway engineering construction specifications, so it must be improved to become a good filling material.

[Bottom ash swelling test of incinerator] According to the regulations of CNS 1 4 6 0 2, put the bottom ash sample of incinerator in three layers and put them into the test phantom. After each layer was rammed 92 times, the test body was immersed in 80 0 ± Immerse in 3 ° C water for 6 hours, measure the amount of swelling of the test body after immersion in water, once a day for 10 consecutive days.

Page 10 590816 V. Description of the invention (7) The test results are shown in the line (1) in Figure 18. It can be known from line (1) that after 10 days of immersion in 80 ± 3 ° C water, the swelling rate reached 1.88%, which exceeded the requirement of the roadbed subgrade swelling rate of 1.5%.

[2] Physical properties, basic mechanical properties and chemical properties of riverbed coarse aggregates. The Gaopingxi riverbed coarse aggregates were used in this test. The X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to understand the riverbed coarse aggregates. Composition, and then observe the crystal phase and constituent elements of river bed coarse materials by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS); basic physical property tests such as specific gravity, water absorption, liquid limit, plastic limit and soil classification; etc .; Then carry out basic mechanical properties tests such as improved tamp test, CBR test, Los Angeles abrasion test, fitness test and CNS 1 462 swell test. [Coarse river bed composition] (a) C a 0: 13.8% (b) Si02: 52. 7% (c) F e 0: 3.7% (d) MgO: 1. 7% (e) K20: 3. l ° / 〇 (f) Na20: 1. 7 ° / 〇 (g) Al203: 4.6% (h) S03: 6.8% [Physical and basic mechanical properties of river bed coarse material] (a) Specific gravity ·· 2 · 6 5 (b) Water absorption rate: 1.3% (c) Health test loss rate: (coarse material): 0 · 8 9 8% (d) Sand equivalent: 5 5 · 5%

(e) Liquidity limit: None (f) Plasticity limit: None (g) Loss test wear rate: 20.5% (h) AAS Η T 0 Classification: A-1-a (gravel and sand, excellent to Good roadbed material) (i) Maximum dry density rdmax = 2. 68g / cm3

Page 11 590816 V. Description of the invention (8) (j) Optimum water content Womc = 6. 9% (k) CBR (California bearing ratio) · When rd_ * 98% (^ = 125% when rdinax * 95 % CBR = 101% (as shown in Figure 11) [3] Improve the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the incinerator bottom ash filling material. In this implementation, firstly, the river bed coarse aggregate is used to replace the incinerator bottom ash coarse material. Replace ϊ with 20%, 40%, β0%, 80%, and 100%, and then use a small amount of cement and water glass to add water and stir to a viscous state, then wet-wrap it on the bottom ash of the incinerator and the crude The surface of the coarse material mixed with aggregate, and then the mixture is mixed with the incinerator bottom ash fine material, and the physical, chemical and mechanical properties tests are performed as follows: (a) Specific gravity: 2.35 ~ 2.5 · 5 (b ) Water absorption: 3.0% to 4.5% (c) Liquidity limit: None (d) Plasticity limit: None (g) Loss test wear rate: 35% to 40% (h) AASHTO classification: A- 1-a (gravel and sand, excellent and good roadbed material) (i) Maximum dry density 7 dmax = l. 8g / cm3 ~ 2 · 3g / cm3 (j) Optimum water content Womc = 10% ~ 12% (k ) CBR (Likou State Bearing Ratio): CBR = i when rd = rdmax * 9 8% 5% to 95% CBR = 65% to 145/6 when rd = rdmax * 95% (as shown in Figures 12 to 17). When rd = rdmax * 98%, its CBR value far exceeds ^ roadbed material The CBR value is 20%, which also exceeds the quality requirement of CBR value of 80%.

590816 V. Description of the invention (9)-When Td: hmax> K95%, its CBR value is divided by river bed coarse aggregate to replace 20% incinerator. The fBR value of the bottom ash is 65% lower than the cbr value of the road bottom material. In addition, the rest of the replacements all exceeded the quality requirements of 80% for the CBR value of road bottom materials. 1) The immersion water swelling rate measured by the CNS 1 4 6 0 2 method: 0.12% to 0.6% (as shown by the lines in Figure 18 (2) to (6)) is much smaller than the road expansion basement layer swelling rate丄 5% requirement. [Improved incineration bottom ash filling material toxicity test (TCL p) social fruit] U) Hexavalent complex: average 0.01 · 0 ～ 18 · (mg / 1) is less than the limit value 2.5 · (g; 1) (b) total chromium (c) total cadmium (d) total lead (e) total stone application (f) total mercury average 0.04 ~ 0 · 0 4 8 (mg / l) less than the limit value of 5 · 〇 ( mg / 1) average 0. 015 ~ 0 · 0 2 0 (mg / i) is less than the limit value κ 〇 (υ average 0 · 0 9 0 ~ 0 · 10 (mg / l) is less than the limit value 5 · 〇 average 0 · 00 12 ~ 0 · 0.0 2 (rag / i) is less than the limit value 5 · ND (measured value is less than the detection limit) is less than the limit value 0.2 (^) From the results of the above practical test, it can be known that the river bed material coarse aggregate is used as the Diluents, cement colloids as curing agents, and water glass colloids as chelating agents (cheia) are effective in increasing the strength of incinerator bottom ash filling materials and reducing the loss of heavy metals and dissolved salts. In addition, according to the provisions of CNS 1 4 6 02, the present invention replaces and wet-wraps and uses the improved incinerator bottom ash filling material (hereinafter referred to as "improved incinerator bottom " ash $ sample made of compacted test body") soaking in 80 ± 3 ° C water, 6 hours per day °, The results obtained by measuring the swelling volume of the test body for 10 consecutive days are shown in the lines (2) to (β) in Figure 18. From the lines (2) to (6), the final swelling rate is 0.12%. ~ 〇6 However, before the treatment of the bottom ash of the incinerator, the test body was performed in accordance with the provisions of CNS 1 4 6 0 2

Page 13 590816 V. Description of the invention (ίο) The result of the swelling test is that the swelling rate is 1.88%, which is 1.5% larger than the requirement specified in CNS 14602, which is as shown in Figure 18 (1). It is shown that the use of the improved method of the present invention can indeed suppress the swelling effect of the bottom ash of the incinerator. [4] Microstructure observation

In addition, the microstructure of the bottom ash of the incinerator and the improved bottom ash can also prove the effectiveness of the bottom ash improved by the method of the present invention. The crystalline phase of the ash at the bottom of the incinerator before treatment was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It can be seen that the ash at the bottom of the incinerator is a porous material composed of # 5 vermiculite, calcium monothioaluminate and flaky hydroxide. The composition of calcium and other components is shown in Figure 3; and the coarse aggregate of the river bed is observed by an electron microscope (SEM) as shown in Figure 6 and is composed of flake calcium hydroxide and silicon oxide. The crystalline phase diagrams of the surface of the ash particles at the bottom of the incinerator treated by the method of substitution and wet wrapping according to the present invention are shown in FIG. 19, FIG. 20, and FIG. 21. From these three figures, the improved incinerator bottom can be seen. The surface of the ash is formed by C Η hydration products, C-S-Η colloids, C Η crystals, etc. into a continuous and dense matrix to fill the pores between the ash at the bottom of the incinerator, which can indeed isolate the ash at the bottom of the incinerator from excessive water absorption. To achieve the effect of reducing the amount of heavy metals and soluble salts and suppressing swelling.

The above verification test results show that the substitution and wet-wrapping method of the present invention can indeed completely cover the surface of the incinerator bottom ash granules, and can form a continuous and dense matrix on the incinerator bottom ash surface. At the same time, it has been proved that the incinerator bottom ash replaced by the present invention and wet-wrapped and whose usage has been improved has a greatly reduced swelling rate, and is in compliance with the requirements of the CNS 1 460 standard.

Page 14 590816 Brief description of the diagram Figure 1 Flow chart of the incinerator bottom ash implementation test Figure 2 Figure 3 X-ray diffraction analysis chart of the incinerator bottom ash Scanning electron microscope crystal phase diagram of the incinerator bottom ash (1) : Slender hexagonal needle-shaped maternal stone (2): Hexagonal flakes of early sulfur in Lu acid (3): Hexagonal flake calcium hydroxide Figure 4 Energy spectrum analysis of bottom ash in the incinerator Figure 5 River bed coarse aggregate X Light diffraction analysis chart Figure 6 Scanning electron microscope crystal phase diagram of riverbed coarse aggregates (1) Hexagonal flake calcium hydroxide Figure 7 Energy dispersive spectrum analysis of riverbed coarse aggregates Figure 8 Ash particle size distribution at the bottom of the incinerator Fig. 9 Fig. 9 Incinerator bottom ash compaction curve Fig. 10 Fig. 10 Incinerator bottom ash dry density and CBR value

Page 15 590816 Brief description of the diagram Figure 1 Figure 1 The relationship between the dry density of river bed coarse aggregate and the CBR value Figure 12 replaces the relationship between the dry density and the CBR value of the 20% incinerator bottom ash coarse material Figure 13 replaces The relationship between the dry density of the 40% incinerator bottom ash coarse material and the CBR value Figure 1 4 replaces the relationship between the dry density of the 40% incinerator bottom ash coarse material and the CBR value Figure 15 replaces the 80% incinerator bottom Relation between dry density of ash coarse material and CBR value Figure 16 Replacing 100% dry density of ash coarse material at the bottom of the incinerator and CBR value Figure 17 Chart of river bed coarse aggregate replacing ash percentage of the incinerator bottom and CBR The relationship between the value of the incinerator bottom ash and the improved incinerator bottom ash curing time and swelling volume (1) control group (incinerator bottom ash swelling curve) (2) invention group (instead of 20% incineration Furnace bottom ash coarse material expansion curve) (3) Invention group (replaces 40% incinerator bottom ash coarse material expansion curve) (4) Invention group (replaces 60% incinerator bottom ash coarse material expansion curve) ( 5) Inventive group (replaces 80% incinerator bottom ash coarse material swelling curve) (6) Inventive group (replaces 100% incinerator bottom ash coarse material swelling curve) Figure 19 Improved incinerator bottom A scanning electron microscope the particle surface

Page 590816 Brief description of the crystalline phase diagram (1) (1) thorn-shaped calcium-silicon-hydrate (C-S-Η), hexagonal flake calcium hydroxide and hexagonal flake calcium monosulfoaluminate Figure 20 Figure 2 Improved scanning electron microscope crystal phase diagram of the surface of ash particles on the bottom of the incinerator (2) (1) thorn-shaped calcium-silicon-hydrate (C-S-Η) (2) slender hexagonal needle # 5 Hung Stone No. 2 Figure 1 Scanning electron microscope crystal phase diagram of the surface of ash particles on the bottom of the improved incinerator (3) (1) thorn-shaped calcium-silicon-hydrate (C-S-Η) (2) thorn-ball The shape of # 5-broken-hydrate (C-S-Η) and long and thin hexagonal needle-shaped # 5 hungry stone and other compounds.

Page 17

Claims (1)

590816 6. Scope of Patent Application1. A method for improving the bottom ash material of incinerator, which can improve the toxic dissolution and swelling characteristics of bottom ash, including: 'Cut out and a) First, the bottom ash material of incinerator is magnetically selected and sieved. The aggregate grain size 彳 ⑤ is allowed to be less than 5 cm, and the moisture content of the bottom ash of the incinerator is controlled to the optimal ^ person ^ water amount Womc ± 2%; 3 b) the coarse aggregate of the river bed material is sieved and the granules are granulated The diameter is controlled below 5 cm, * ^, and the water content is also controlled between the optimal water content W 0 mc ± 2%; c) Cement slurry stabilized by cement, water glass and water disturbance The stable cementitious material is completely coated or wet-coated on the surface of the mixture of the bottom ash of the incinerator and the coarse aggregate of the river bed material by mixing, spraying or soaking, so as to form a cement of the Pozolan layer. Slurry cementation membrane, and then mixed with incinerator bottom ash fine material to make improved incinerator bottom ash filling material which can inhibit toxic dissolution and swelling; d) Cement polystable cementitious cement material is stirred by cement, water glass and water And the cement consumption is controlled between the coarse and fine ash at the bottom of the incinerator and the coarse material at the river bed The total amount is between 0 · 1% and 5%, and the water glass is controlled between 0.1% and 0 · 5%. Its viscosity should be 5 0 0 cc / 40 seconds. The above; e) the coarse aggregate of the bottom of the incinerator is replaced by the coarse aggregate of bed, and the replacement range is from 20% to 100%. '2 · According to the method in item 1 of Shen Qing's patent scope, the swelling rate of the improved incinerator bottom ash filling material after treatment is quite low' It is only between 0.21% and 0.6%, which complies with CNS 1 4 6 The 0 2 standard final expansion rate must be 1 or less. 3 _ Improved incinerator after treatment according to the method in the scope of patent application No. 1 590816 6. Scope of patent application The bottom ash filling material has a CBR value between 105% and 195% when Td is at 98% of the maximum dry density, far exceeding the CBR value of highway roadbed materials by 20%. The quality requirements also exceed the road bottom The CBR value of the material is 80% quality requirements, which shows that the improved incinerator bottom ash material is a good filling material that meets the specifications. 4. According to the method of item 1 of the scope of patent application, the results of the toxic dissolution test of the improved incinerator bottom ash filling materials after treatment are far lower than the toxic dissolution characteristic control standards. 5. Improved incinerator after treatment according to the method in the scope of patent application No. 1 The bottom ash filling material can indeed improve the bottom ash of the incinerator into a good filling material, which can be applied to roads, platform filling sites and other related civil engineering works. 6. According to the method of item 1 of the scope of the patent application, the treated incinerator bottom ash filling material uses cement as the curing agent, water glass as the chelating agent, and river bed coarse aggregate as the diluent, which is also the subject of this patent. Focus. Page 19