TW583476B - Display device and fabrication method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device comprising two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent, electrodes positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates, one or more spacer elements located between the substrates, the spacer elements having been introduced between the substrates during assembly of the device, an electrooptic material filling at least a portion of the space between the two substrates, and a polymeric material filling at least a portion of the space between the substrates, the polymeric material comprising a liquid prepolymeric material that was applied to the spacer elements in liquid form and having been polymerized in situ after the spacer elements were in place between the substrate.

Description

583476

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to liquid crystals and other electronic display devices. Prior art Commercially, it is highly desirable for electronic display devices to be as thin and light as possible while maintaining a high resistance to vibration and falling forces. In the field of mobile electronics, such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs), size < and weight \ key to the success of product marketing, but the display barrier in these devices is the main factor for product repair and recovery . In addition, it has been known here that electronic display devices that can be bent: the so-called "electronic paper" that displays fiber paper of 2 miles and 3 miles will be a competitive product. If folded, wearable electronic products such as computers or multi-function watches will be more comfortable for the wearer if they are more compliant with the user ’s body; chip cards with strict flexible life testing capabilities will The display unit is integrated and still meets these standards. In the field of display devices, there have been many years of in-depth research on the use of plastic films to remove glass. 〃 The electrophoretic display device forms an image through the principle of electrophoresis, and the electrophoretic particles quickly migrate in the gelatinous suspension. The light-scattering particles move in the dyed colloidal suspension due to static electricity. The particles are not moving towards the viewer (in this case, the viewer sees typical white particles), or they are moving away from the viewer (in this case, the white particles are covered by the black dye). Cholesteric display devices are another display technology intended for use on plastic substrates. When it is lost between the conductive electrodes, the cholesteric liquid crystal material can be switched between two stable states ~ the so-called focal cone (f〇cal coonic ιΜϋΙ ΙίΗ 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc 583476

Case No. 91122896 V. Description of the invention (2) and plane state-in which the spiral structure of the liquid crystal has different alignment cone states, the spiral structure is misaligned and the liquid crystal is in a transparent state, the axis of the spiral structure is all perpendicular to the display: H display device Basically appears monochrome. Tian Xianxian

The Gyricon display device developed by Xerox is composed of microbeads, and the flexible elastomer matrix filled with ^ oil pits is free. ^ Micro = hemispherical with a large contrast ′ _ sides are black: white $. : The color side reflects strongly, but the black side reflects light. The female hemisphere has a unique intrinsic charge, so that when the sphere is not aligned with the electric field, the side of the sphere that generates H ^ = on the sphere depends on the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode. These three types of ΓίΓ have some good features, such as high contrast, slow response to plastics, and are not compatible with commercially available drive electronics. Also, because of the small driving voltage required for start-up (22), the electronic components are very easy to obtain and the investment in manufacturing technology = obvious advantages, so they are widely welcomed. Take two == ::. After assembling the display element, the polymer solids are separated and solidified. During the polymerization reaction, ^ will drop from the polymerization contact, 8 1 3 U. Because the LC droplets are not aligned with any alignment layer PΠΤ rn J! ^ ", The sequence is aligned and the light will be scattered by the droplets. The molecules applied with voltage become aligned, making the display result transparent. Page 6 583476 Case No. 91122R (5) Description of the invention (3) =. Like other flexible display devices, pDLCDs require a high drive voltage S that is generally not compatible with current drive electronics. Conventional technology, such as US Patent No. 4, 688, 90 0, 5, 321, chat, 5, m, 271, country '434, 685'5, 504, 600'5, 53〇, 566, 5, 583,' '94 9'50 8 '5 '3 33'074 and No. 5,473,450' these 5 ί The phase of the LC / polymer mixture will be phase-separated during the polymer polymerization (photopolymerization) period 1 as the curing mechanism. Anisotropically dispersed LC / Polymer structure, ji 駆 = The method described in PDLCDe US Patent No. 5,949,508, two-sigma to i 4-layer structure, so that "and polymer are located on the opposite soil, this structure will Reduce the driving voltage required to start the display device. On the surface of the dream department with friction-aligned surface Ϊ Ϊ Structure 的 Display of nematic or electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) ^ 26, but it is difficult to form typical examples such as torsional nematic (TN) and super twist The structure that needs to align the surface on the two substrates is transferred to the second anti-shore period. The door is 3 * 450 and No. 5,3 33,074. It is described by light 1: i Several parts of the device come: standing polymer method. Although it can reach the pixel level of 毫米 3 mm = structure, it is more difficult to manufacture, because the photomask must show the electrode structure alignment, and usually an expensive calibration UV source must be used. Structures that must be less than 0.3 mm may be difficult to reach due to Lc / aggregation. U.S. Patent No. 5, 4-3, No. 450 teaches that the photo-initiator pattern is not transferred to the photo-initiator I net deposited on the substrate: it may be difficult to properly align the silk screen with the clear IT0 electrode However, the chemical substance ιιΐϋ 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 7 583476 Λ_Ά Amended the case number 911228QR V. Description of the invention (4), negative directly on the surface of the polyimide alignment layer may cause Lc The alignment effect with the alignment surface is poor, the appearance of the display device is poor, and the yield is low. There are also other methods for providing adhesion between plastic substrates including adhesive components. In one method, a thermosetting (e.g. epoxy) or thermoplastic (e.g. thermosol) adhesive is used as a solid coating around the spacer element (U.S. Patent Nos. 4,678,284 and 5,130,831). Heat and pressure are applied after the coated spacer elements are located between the substrates. Other methods use solid-state adhesive elements spaced apart by π pieces (U.S. Patent No. 5 '812' 232 'No. 5,581,384 and No. 6,004,423). In addition to the factors that cause failure due to vibration and falling, the glass substrate Γ Γ device is difficult to use in an abnormal temperature environment. When the & cold and heat of the display device alternates, a gap may sometimes be created between the spacer element and the liquid crystal fluid. Although the gap is small, it is typically sufficient for the display device to be repaired. The gap is caused by the difference between LC and typical glass or plastic spacers. When the glass substrate display device is sealed at room temperature of -1 ", its volume will basically solidify at that time. With the display and cooling, the LC and spacer element materials will be closed = number: Γ Structural discontinuities between the spacer elements, the second force, the output, and the gift w :: At the beginning, the gap is a small vacuum pressure: low ', but more and more LC's volatile components change quickly = it will fill in It is full of voids and it is becoming lower and lower in energy balance. At room temperature, the steam that fills up the voids will prevent the voids from shrinking back to the ㈣men title exhibition. Question 4 'In its solution, a special manufacturing of spacer elements with a softer, t-coat covering an outer coating surrounding the glass or plastic core is used. Top-coating 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc 583476

Case number 911228% V. Description of the invention (5) The layer is used to release the stress encountered by the thermal cycle of the display device due to the gap. Because it is difficult to manufacture these spacer elements, it is usually free of 10-20 times the cost of ordinary spacer elements, so it is often only used when the cost is high. Rather, the content of the invention is, in general, a first aspect of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device, which includes two substrates facing away from each other, the substrate being at least one of the two; One field; one bite of multiple spacer elements distributed between the substrates, the spacer elements having been arranged between the substrates during the assembly of the display device; an optoelectronic material filling at least a part of the space between the substrates; and one of the at least one filling the substrates Partially spaced polymeric material. The polymeric material includes a liquid pre-polymerized material. The pre-polymerized material is coated on the spacer element with a liquid containing the pre-polymerized material. The polymeric material has been formed after the spacer element and the liquid are located between the substrates.地 聚。 Ground polymerization. In summary, the second aspect of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a display device, which includes placing a spacer element between two substrates facing each other, at least one of which is transparent; and placing the spacer element on the substrate. The spacer elements are distributed substantially randomly between the substrates; before or after the spacer elements are placed between the substrates, a liquid including a pre-polymerized material is coated on the outer surface of one or more spacer elements; Establish an electric field between the substrates; fill the photovoltaic material in at least a portion of the space between the two substrates; polymerize the pre-polymerized material in situ to form a solid polymeric material that fills at least a portion of the space between the substrates. In the Chevrolet embodiment, the following features can be combined. Polymeric materials can

1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 9 583476 _ ID No. 911228% V. Description of the Invention (7)

Pieces. The spacer element may be substantially free of contact with the substrate. The spacer element may be in contact with only one substrate. The spacer element may include a grid network structure. The trellis network, I structure may be a two-dimensional structure. The lattice network structure may be a three-dimensional structure. The size and shape of 7G pieces can be inconsistent. The spacer element may have a rough surface. Most of the spacer elements can move freely in the space between the substrates before the polymerization reaction. A porous film can be used as a spacer element. Porous film can = 疋 stretchable porous film. The spacer element may be located in a non-image area of the substrate. The spacer element may be arranged along the periphery of the substrate and may serve as one or more sealing elements that seal the space between the substrates. Spacer elements can be located in the inter-pixel area. The prepolymer can be contacted with the polymerization reaction in situ. Most of the complex supports can be bound to each substrate. The polymer support may be primarily independent components that are not connected to each other. One or more regions of the polymer can be attached to each other with most of the polymer support. Connected to each other One of them may include one adjacent to the substrate, and the spacer element may be dry-sprayed between the substrate members and wet-sprayed on the substrate before coating the photovoltaic material. The solvent used for wet spraying may include a pre-polymerized J solution or suspension. The PI E material may include one or two initiators and accelerators for geopolymerization as shown below. p 丨 E materials can be converted into light. The PIE material may include a photo-initiator. The photoinitiator can include photoinitiators with different spectral sensitivity, so that the polymerization reaction can be started at different times. The light may be ultraviolet light. The piE material can be activated in situ. The PIE material can be heated for a period of time after the display device is assembled. The PIE material may include both a photoinitiator and an accelerator. : The active material can be coated on the substrate by at least one of the following methods: titration, note two, and printing. The printing method may include silk printing, gravure printing, soft printing, or 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 11 583476 Amendment --- Case No. 911228QR _ £ V. Description of the invention (8) (flexographic) porous Structure, quality. The porous structure element may include a polymer matrix of a porous material having an optically porous structure that is affected by the field. The optoelectronic material may include at least one binder including at least one of at least one of the following, and the materials may be mainly mixed by the following. The substrate may be able to tolerate the manual or lithographic method. The spacer element may be a porous base having a porous base so that the pre-polymerized material is drawn into the porous structure, and is mainly a nanoporous ceramic or silicon oxide. The open mesh structure of the spacer polymer beads allows the receptive material to fill the inner polymer area. Selectivity can be obtained to obtain the desired viscosity of the spacer element for properties including in situ polymerization. The optoelectronic material may be a liquid crystal or a mesomorphic material. The present invention further reduces electrodes on one substrate for generating an electric field, and electrodes on two substrates. Pre-polymer materials: Encapsulation: acrylic-based adhesives, epoxy resins urethane-based adhesives. Pre-cured curing: light, heat, chemical additive phases " each other include a flexible polymer material. The display device can be subjected to the flexural test. Two important specifications that affect the durability of plastic display devices are their strength and peel strength. In addition, when the spacer element is of a single size and the two substrates in the ^ and 纟 fine cell are in contact, the compression is usually achieved when the spacer density is lower than ^ = degrees. Therefore, it is desired to be able to individually improve display performance, compressibility, and peel strength, while reducing the deterioration of contrast. The spacer element made of the same material is obviously beneficial to another jujube ^ ^ > knife A compound spot The two substrates are connected to each other, which enhances the peel strength but has a small effect on the compressive strength. By adjusting the relative density of the spacer element and the polymer spacer element, the hardness tester of the composite spacer element can improve the compression and peel strength of the display device. theta structure

1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc 583476 ---- Case No. 91122896__Year Month Day _ Zheng V. Description of the invention (9) The use of liquid adhesives will be beneficial to solid adhesives, such as thermosol or thermoplastic adhesives . Liquid adhesives can have significantly better surface tack, elongation before breaking and tensile strength than solid adhesives. These efficacy parameters all determine how long the adhesive will bind. Other features and advantages of the present invention can be learned from the following detailed description and the scope of patent applications, as well as the following applications with the applicant, which are incorporated herein by reference: " "Photoelectric display device" (U.S. Patent Application No. 0 9/8 82 3 1 0 "Constructing an optoelectronic display device with an initial polymerization reaction and a reinforcing element between substrates" (U.S. Patent Application No. 09/882272); and '' An optoelectronic display device with a multilayer structure is achieved by different rates of polymerization and / or phase separation "(U.S. Patent Application No. 09/883 083). Embodiments According to the present invention, the assembly procedure of a liquid crystal display device is as follows: 1. The substrate is a flexible polymer with low birefringence that improves the optical quality of the final product and facilitates various drying and baking operations with a glass transition temperature greater than 50 t. The polymer system that meets these requirements is polyether Maple (PES). A gas barrier layer (vapor cbarrier) is coated on the outer surface of the substrate to improve the reliability and product life of the display. Gas barrier It typically includes a thin film stack of silicon oxide and other polymers. 2. The substrate is coated with a vacuum deposited layer, typically indium tin oxide (IT0), where the indium tin oxide is a transparent conductor. Then through the chemical money, electron Beam etching or laser etching is used to define ττ. 3 · The pre-polymer may be a commercially available photo-curing polymer, such as Nuo Blue (

1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 13 583476 _Case No. 91122896_ Year and month Revision to ___ V. Description of the invention (10)

Norland Product) 's NOA-65 may be a conventional formula ’as shown in the following column:

% Composition 50 SartomerCo.SR 9644 15 SartomerCo.SR 306 18.5 SartomerCo.SR 256 1.25 Stabilizer 3 Aceto Quantacure ITX 5.5 Triethanolamine 1.05 3M Company FC-430 1.6 Dow Corning DC_57 1.6 Wetting agent 2.5 Fratelli Lamberti Escacure KIP 4 · Using solvent, For example, methanol, dilute the prepolymer mixture at a ratio sufficient to achieve a viscosity of about 50 cps. 5. Coat the polyimide solution on at least one surface of the substrate and bake it at 150 C for one hour. Then, the polyimide surface is rubbed to form an alignment layer of liquid crystal. 6. Apply a thin layer of liquid crystal, such as Merck E7, to the polyimide surface. Whether the number of liquid crystals is accurate or not is not important because the thickness of the cell depends on the spacer element. 7. A glass spacer element with a diameter of 3 to 3.5 micrometers is suspended in the ultrasonic wave / fluid, and is etched with a 1.25% hydrofluoric acid solution for 10 minutes to be etched. After rinsing, the spacer element is immersed in a solution containing the

583476

: Spray the substrate on the substrate in a vertical drying manner, so that the mixture of methacrylic acid silane light-washing agent is coated on the spacer element. Find a way to improve the bonding between glass and polymer at the glass / polymer interface through = pre-bonding, and improve the distribution of the polymer in silicon at the silane / polymer interface. 8. The spacer is mixed into the prepolymer at a concentration of about 1: 1 weight / weight. The spacer elements are distributed in the prepolymer using the ultrasonic mixing method. 9 · Use an aerosol spray system to spray a prepolymer / spacer element mixture on an uncoated substrate. The spray time is sufficient to achieve a surface density of at least about 30 spacer elements / square when the device is installed. Cm. The spacer elements are distributed substantially randomly across the substrate surface. As a propellant, finely filtered compressed nitrogen with about 0-30 PS1 was used. Adjust the pressure, the viscosity of the mixture, the relative concentration of the spacer element and the prepolymer, and the shape of the nozzle hole, so that a small amount of liquid containing only the prepolymer is applied to form a spacer element with a single coated prepolymer. The substrate was then placed under 120 t for 15 minutes to remove the solvent of the mixture. 10. A substrate with a pre-polymer / spacer element typically undergoes a pre-curing step to provide polymer-adhesive properties prior to the lamination step. If the prepolymer can be cured by heat and light, a solvent baking step can also be used as a precuring step. 1 1. Then laminate the substrates together, but keep the substrates properly aligned. 1 2. Then shine V light on both sides of the unit cell to break the photoinitiator and release free radicals around the spacer element. Polymerization was then focused on the starting position of each spacer element where the initiator was deposited. Figure 1 shows step 8 583476 Amendment No. 91122896 V. Description of the invention (12) The sectional view of the display device after the step. The resulting display device is quite flexible. U.S. Patent No. 192,284 (the content of which is incorporated herein by reference), the flexural force used for deflection is reduced without permanent damage. In all cases, the polymer form does not necessarily surround each spacer element, and the polymer does not necessarily extend completely from one substrate to another—for example, some spacer elements may not be coated with a prepolymer. Prepolymer. Inch ^ 不 疋 70 Polymerization that does not completely extend from one substrate to another = liquid crystal generates isolated areas, so it can show better dual stability when the liquid crystal layer is separated along the substrate into separate drops = Separately: Add polymer spacers that are smaller than most of the components that determine the substrate spacing ^ Do not add) to the mixture. These PSEs are typically made up of :: mouthpieces / pieces of lightness and refractive index to reduce dispersion. The production of liquid crystals is up to: ^ ^ Elements can be produced by various methods;: =: group ;. These spaced aerosols are dispersed and formed on the substrate through simultaneous deposition of heat and UV. -Once pSE, a mixture of redundant polymer particle spacer elements, such as the previous way to sink the anti-adhesive / predeposited on the substrate before washing / time, PSE can in the embodiment can make the substrate between :: / Touch ^ The hard spacer element of the display device comparison is not necessary. It can be reduced in a separate processing step. It can be displayed in Figure 2. Here, adjust the shape of the aerosol to make 2 additional PSEs. In this case ^ --- PSE is deposited in the solidified state in Table 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 16 583476-^ Jli228% Che Yue. _ V. Description of the invention (13) The prepolymer covering the spacer element on the surface is pushed into the liquid crystal layer and pressed on the opposite substrate, as described in the previous embodiment. The semi-cured pSE is also pushed into the liquid crystal layer and compressed by the opposite substrate. pSE can be composed of polymers 'wherein the polymer has polymer optical properties similar to coated spacer elements' but can have different mechanical properties, for example PSE can be formulated to shrink upon curing and elongation before breaking parameters value. In this way, the plastic substrate can actually be pulled together to a certain degree of control after the laminated unit cells are completely cured. This significantly improves the flexibility of the display device and its overall financial performance. In yet another embodiment, the spacer elements are wrapped individually or in a stack in a rupturable shell, wherein the rupturable shell also contains a quantity of prepolymer. This can be achieved by a variety of conventional techniques commonly referred to as microencapsulation. Microencapsulation methods are divided into several categories, all of which are applicable to the present invention: interfacial polymerization, in-situ polymerization, physical methods (such as coextrusion), and coacervation. When the substrate is laminated with a liquid crystal material and a polymer-coated spacer (the above-mentioned cladding spacer), the microcapsules are crushed during the lamination to release the prepolymer. As described in other embodiments, the spacer element is pressed onto the two substrates during lamination, but the released prepolymer still surrounds the spacer element and contacts the two substrates. Then, the display device is irradiated with ultraviolet light in the manner described above, and the prepolymerized polymer is polymerized to produce a cured polymer that combines the spacer element and the two substrates. Although other microencapsulation techniques can be used to generate microencapsulations according to the appropriate features of the present invention, the two microencapsulation techniques that are particularly suitable for the present invention are in-situ polymerization and interfacial polymerization. Technology for in-situ polymerization using spacer element / prepolymer mixing

〇57-5245-PFl (N) .ptc page 17 583476 j No. 91122896 said amendment 5. Description of the invention (14) The oil / water emulsion obtained by dispersing the substance in the water phase. Before emulsifying the prepolymer in the aqueous phase ', the spacer elements are mixed and completely dispersed in the prepolymer at a ratio of 1: 2 weight / weight. The emulsified prepolymer droplets have a diameter of 5-30 microns and the droplets contain less than 5 spacer elements. The purpose is to produce multiple capsules, each capsule having only one spacer element. More rigorous control of processing parameters can reduce the drop size error and minimize the number of capsules with more than one spacer element. By using spacer elements composed of materials having a different density from the prepolymer, such as glass, the number of capsules that do not contain a single spacer element can be minimized by, for example, selecting capsules by floating or centrifugation. The monomer is placed in the water phase and polymerized to form a polymer having an internal affinity greater than that of the water phase, thereby condensing the polymer around the emulsified oily droplets. In cases where it is particularly suitable for in-situ polymerization, urea and formaldehyde can condense in the presence of poly (acrylic acid) (see, for example, US Patent No. 400 1 14 0). The resulting cyst wall is a urea / formaldehyde mound polymer that surrounds the spacer element / prepolymer drip. The capsule is clear and rigid, and transparency is important because the capsule shell is still inside the display device after lamination. Rigidity is an important feature of the encapsulated shell, as a completely conformable shell material results in a shell that does not crush during lamination but properly releases the prepolymer. The shell material, which mainly contains melamine, also has the required transparency and rigidity. The optoelectronic material used for the display device may be any kind of liquid crystal. For example, the present invention is beneficial to nematic 'twisted nematicity, super-twisted nematicity, antiferroelectricity, cholesteric liquid crystal display device and the like. The LCD display device of the present invention. For example, the method of the present invention can significantly improve electrophoresis and;

Gy r icon shows the durability of the device. / 7 In another preferred embodiment, the assembling procedure of the liquid display device is as follows

1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc 583476 _ Case No. 91122896 V. Description of the invention (15):

1. The substrate is a flexible polymer with low birefringence that improves the optical quality of the final product and facilitates various drying and baking operations with glass transition temperatures greater than 150 ° c. Is the polymer that meets these needs a polyether? (PES). A vapor barrier is applied on the outer surface of the substrate to improve the reliability and product life of the display. The gas barrier layer typically includes a thin film buildup of silicon oxide and other polymers. 2. The substrate is coated with a vacuum deposited layer, typically indium tin oxide (IT0), where indium tin oxide is a transparent conductor. ITO is then defined by chemical etching, electron beam etching, or laser etching. 3. The prepolymer can be a commercially available photocurable polymer, such as NOA-65 from Norland Product, or it can be a conventional formulation, as shown in the following column:

% Composition 50 SartomerCo.SR 9644 15 SartomerCo.SR 306 18.5 SartomerCo.SR 256 1.25 Stabilizer 3 Aceto Quantacure ITX 5.5 Triethanolamine (TEA) 1.05 3M Company FC-430 1.6 Dow Corning D057 1.6 Wetting Agent 2.5 Fratelli Lamberti Escacure KIP: 25 Weight 4 · Solvents for prepolymer mixtures, such as methanol, 1

1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 19 583476

Dilute in proportions. 5. Apply polyimide solution on the ITO surface of at least one substrate, and bake at 150 ° C for one hour. Next, the polyimide surface was rubbed to form a liquid crystal alignment layer. 6 · Use glass spacers with a diameter of 3-3 · 5 microns. Insert the spacer elements into the liquid crystal material, such as Merck ^ 7 (the density is sufficient to produce an apparent density of at least about 30 spacer elements / cm 2 when the display device is assembled). The spacer elements are distributed substantially randomly across the substrate surface. 7. Apply a thin layer of the liquid crystal / spacer element mixture to the polyimide surface. It is not important whether the number of liquid crystals is accurate or not, because the thickness of the cell depends on the spacer element. 8. Deposition of PSE on an uncoated substrate by aerosol dispersion. In addition to adjusting aerosol parameters, also adjust the viscosity of the prepolymer formulation and, if necessary, dilute the prepolymer with a solvent so that the PSE particle size is greater than 30% of the spacer element diameter. The substrate was then left at 120 ° C for 15 minutes to remove the solvent of the mixture. 9. Substrates with prepolymer / spacer elements typically undergo a pre-curing step 'to provide polymer tackiness before the lamination step. If the prepolymer can be cured by heat and light, a solvent baking step can also be used as a precuring step. 1 0 · Then laminate the substrates together, but keep the I TO patterns on the substrates properly aligned. 11. The unit cell is then irradiated with uV light, which causes the photoinitiator to cleave and releases free radicals around the spacer element. Polymerization was then focused on the starting position of each spacer element where the initiator was deposited.

1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 20 583476 Amended case number 911228% V. Description of the invention (17) Two or more light initiation systems with different spectral sensitivities can be used to control Site-initiated polymerization. Because light initiation is often also sensitive to UV light. After using this ===

Pt has a UV-sensitive light initiator. The combination can be irradiated first. The combination can then be irradiated with ultraviolet rays to make the polymer around the spacer element; in another embodiment, other polymerization reactions such as adhesion promoters or elongation before improving tear properties For example, an agent such as urethane can be added to the whole product or can improve the peeling strength. ^ So possible-a possible polymer is acrylic adhesive, 1 scientific clarity and can be widely used as industrial optical grade material ^ Jiaguang materials, such as epoxy resin or urethane ethyl alcohol, although ::: In order to make these, these "objects" do not have the equivalent of two: negative. Acrylic adhesives are reactive reactive cross-linked structural adhesives that use radical initiation to react. They mainly contain: Cured by addition polymerization. = = Solid and fast chain reaction and curing of adhesives, on the other hand, shrinking dog hair and fast amino acetic acid ethyl acetate (represented by epoxy resin) is about unchanged 'Reaction ^ is the reaction rate. It is used to start the reaction of acrylic adhesives and lower the reaction, such as the free 211 using dimethylbenzyl and epoxide, page 21, 583476.

Absorptive polyphenols, so there is typically a granular further enhancer, which can be used in the unconcentrated substances, the intermediate concentration. In a natural way, it will but will not activate the heat of the shadow or the polymer, so that the board is located closer to the other rigid material matrix that determines the substrate is one or more pieces to improve the adhesion or rod-like glass adhesion. force. A glass spacer element The glass spacer element is concentrated after being deposited by a printing mixture, such as contrast or photo activation and light activation. It starts with the substrate and is made of multi-spaced materials that extend around the element. For better aggregation. The spacer element is then coated on the prepolymer via one or more layers of adhesive. The interval is less than the display or titration is not on the substrate, the quality is negative, or other display is bonded, and it is not effective to add a display device, such as a hole film, etc. One or more interpenetrating parts may be engraved with money to increase the enhancer. For example, the pre-coating element of the compound may be incorporated into the device to actively image the image and thus provide a large amount of influence. Initiation method '^ from the durability when cured. As mentioned above. The substrate can be laminated on the substrate. The substrate can be made of transparent and spaced glass. The surface area can be increased. For example, the silane can be coupled to the support of the element or the edge outside the pre-polymerized image area after 14 minutes. The agent can be used alone. Select. The two basic systems can be defined by the slope wall or

583476 Case number 91122896 Simple illustration of the diagram The first picture series! Place the spacer element in front of the lamination; the second picture is the use of a coated spherical spacer. The third picture! A spherical spacer element with a coating is used. Figure 4 series | spherical combination is used, of which PSE 2 Figure 5 series |

I shows a cross-section of a liquid crystal display device after development light is applied and is coated with a pre-field "where the display system is filled with a 4 compound material. The spherical cross section of the display is flawless and includes a polymer spacer element (PSE)." In which PSE is deposited pre-polymerized = pre-polymer material 丨 member-liquid crystal display section cross-sectional view of the material; including polymer spacer element (PSE) pre-composite two pieces' where PSE is deposited pre-polymerized material Post-coating; 1 cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device in which a display spacer element is mixed with liquid crystal with a polymer spacer element (PSE): stacked on an opposite substrate; and cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal Apparently spaced film

Claims (1)

583476 _Case No. 911228QR said Amendment 6. The scope of patent application is on or inside the spacer element; in the dissolved material. 11. As applied, including rupturable shells, 12. As applied, including in situ 1 3. As applied, where liquid should include heating. 14 · As stated in the application, where polymerization is 1 5. As mentioned in the application, the liquid mixture containing the pre-polymerized material is mixed; the solution is placed or suspended in a spacer element with optical properties that will be affected by the electric field, as described in item 10 of the patent scope The liquid and PIE material of the pre-polymer material used to manufacture the display device are covered in the law of law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law, law and law. The glass surrounds at least some of the spacer elements. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 9 of the patent scope. The polymerization reaction includes the use of light to initiate the polymerization reaction. The pre-polymerized material for manufacturing a display device described in item 2 of the patent scope is a thermosetting material, and the in-situ polymerization of the material for manufacturing a display device described in item 2 of the patent scope includes polymerization extending between two substrates. Material support. The square material for manufacturing the display device described in item 2 of the patent, including a polymer that does not extend between the two substrates, is required. Between substrates. The square elements for manufacturing a display device described in item 2 of the patent range include a large number of approximately spherical or cylindrical elements. The square element for manufacturing a display device described in item 17 of the patent scope includes glass. The manufacturing method of the display device described in item 18 of the patent scope is left for a while. 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 27 583476. _Case No. 91122896_ Year Month Amendment_ VI. Patent Application Scope 20. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 17 of the patent application scope, where The spacer element includes plastic. 21. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 20 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plastic has a porous structure. 22. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 21 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element includes particles with a large surface area, which have nanoporous, two # 支 欠 L (mesoporous), or f 支 孑L ° 23. The method of manufacturing a display device as described in item 17 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer elements are randomly placed in the space between the substrates. 24. The method of manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element includes a large number of elements having a diameter substantially smaller than the space between the substrates. 25. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 24, wherein the spacer element includes a large number of elements placed between the substrates in a substantially disorderly manner. 26. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 24, wherein the spacer element does not substantially contact the substrate. 27. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 24, wherein the spacer element is in contact with only one substrate. 28. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the spacer element includes a grid network structure. 29. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 28 of the scope of patent application, wherein the grid network structure is a two-dimensional structure. 30. A method of manufacturing a display device as described in item 28 of the scope of patent application 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 28 583476 _Case No. 91122896_Year Month_ί ± ^ _ VI. Patent Application Method, where the grid network structure is a three-dimensional structure. 31. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the size and shape of the spacer elements are not uniform. 3 2. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element has a rough surface. 33. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein most of the spacer elements move freely in the space between the substrates before the polymerization reaction. 34. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein a porous film is used as the spacer element. 35. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 34, wherein the porous film is a stretchable porous film. 3 6. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element is located in a non-image area of the substrate. 37. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 36, wherein the spacer element is arranged along the periphery of the substrate and serves as one or more sealing elements that seal the space between the substrates. 38. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 36, wherein the spacer element is located in a region between pixels. 39. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the prepolymer is brought into contact with the polymerization reaction in situ. 40. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein most of the polymer supports are combined with each substrate. 4 1. The method of manufacturing a display device as described in item 14 of the scope of patent application 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 29 583476 — --- The case is on 911228QR Article 6 of the following month, the application of the special fiber loop '' &'; method, where the polymer support is mainly independent without being connected to each other Components. 42. The method of manufacturing a display device as described in item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the polymer or multiple interconnected regions and most of the supports are connected to each other. 43. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 42 of the scope of patent application, wherein one of the connection regions includes a polymer layer adjacent to one of the substrates. 4 4. The method of manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the spacer element is spray-dried on the substrate before the coating material is affected by an electric field with optical properties of the material. 4 5. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application ', wherein the spacer element is wet sprayed on the substrate. 46. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 45 of the scope of patent application, wherein the solvent for wet spraying includes a solution of a prepolymer material or a suspension. 47. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 9 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the PIE material includes one or two of the following: an initiator and an accelerator for in-situ polymerization. 48. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 47 of the scope of patent application, wherein the PIE material is activated by light. 49. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 48 of the scope of patent application, wherein the PIE material includes a photoinitiator. · 50 · The method for manufacturing a display device as described in the item μ of the scope of the patent application ', wherein the photoinitiator includes a plurality of photoinitiators with different spectral sensitivities 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 30 583476 Case No. 911228 6. Scope of Patent Application Agent 'enables the polymerization reaction to start at different positions and at different times. 51. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 48 of the patent application, wherein the light is ultraviolet light. 52. The method of manufacturing a display device according to item 47 of the scope of patent application, wherein the P IE material is thermally activated. 53 · The manufacturer of display device as described in item 47 of the scope of patent application, where P IE material is alive after a certain period of time after the display device is assembled 54 · The manufacturer of display device as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, where P IE materials include both photoinitiators and accelerators. 55. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pre-polymerized material is coated on the substrate by at least one of the following methods: titration, injection, or printing. 56. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 55 of the scope of patent application ', wherein the printing method includes a screen printing method, a gravure printing method, a soft printing method, or a lithographic printing method. 57. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element is a porous structure with a porous matrix, so that the pre-polymerized material is drawn into the porous matrix of the porous structure. Mouth 58. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 57 of the scope of patent application ', wherein the porous structure is a nanoporous ceramic or silicon oxide-based material. 5 9. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element includes an open mesh structure of polymer beads, and is filled with materials having optical properties that are affected by electric or magnetic fields. Inner polymer area. Fafafafa 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 31 ^ 3476 Case No. 911228QR VI. Patent Application Range 6 0 · The month as described in Item 5 7 of the Patent Application Range a $ 'where the porous structure is selected Porosity to obtain the desired viscosity of the polymer matrix of materials that are still polymerized in situ with bismuth, is made 61. The electro-optic material is a liquid crystal material as described in item 2 of the scope of the patent application. , Yan Yanzhuangfangfang 62 · Manufactured as described in item 2 of the patent application / Its electro-optic material is mesogenic material. Formula of the Yan-based device 63 · Manufacture as described in item 2 of the scope of the patent application ", and Yansheng Electric Co., Ltd. further includes at least one electrode on at least one substrate '> Install this electrode as described in item 63 of the patent application. The intermediate method of 1 method also includes at least one on the second substrate. 65. Polycondensation as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application = with acrylic acid as the prepolymer material including at least one of the following is% acid Ethyl-based adhesives, epoxy-based adhesives, and strong soil-based adhesives. The method of formulating "6" is as described in item 2 of the scope of the patent application. The fluorine is chemically removed, wherein the prepolymerized material is mainly cured by the following methods: ... The additives are mixed with each other. 6 7 · The display device is manufactured according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the substrate comprises a flexible polymer material. — # $ A 方 6 8 · Manufacturing display 2 as described in item 67 of the scope of patent application. Among them, the display device can tolerate the flexural test as described in the specification. 69.As shown in the second patent application scope of the system, the display and manufacturing method 1057-5245-PFl (N). ptc page 32 I / OI / O, / please patent Fanyuan; 'where in the pre-to electric field or magnetic ^ 7 () · Ru Shen where & enclose at least 1 method, 1 Ru Shen. / 、 Liquid-liquid method, 72 · Rushen], which includes h pieces of coating method 73 'Rushen /, in which interval, go to 4, Rushen where the polymer is to be coated, Ϊ-as in Shen. These include materials that are filled with the optical properties of the site before or after the polymerization reaction. θ Please refer to the method for manufacturing a display device described in item 3 of the patent scope. The liquid of the pre-polymerized material is covered in a rupturable casing and the spacer element. The square pre-polymerized material for manufacturing a display device described in item 70 of the patent, is dissolved in a solvent when applied to the spacer element. The viscosity and composition of the liquid of the pre-polymerized material for manufacturing a display device described in item 2 of the patent, are requested. The object is suitable to be adhered to the surface of the spacer element when it is interposed on the substrate. The square element for manufacturing a display device described in item 20 of the patent scope includes PSE. The spacer for fabricating a display device as described in item 2 of the patent scope includes a liquid spacer element made of a polymer material, and further includes a polymer spacer element. The liquid of the pre-polymerized material for manufacturing the display device described in the patent scope item 74 is also in the polymer spacer element method. The element includes a core with at least / coating, and a liquid pack of 7% 5 material is applied over the entire coating. The method of manufacturing the display device as described in the scope of patent application No. 76. The coating includes a spacer element and a prepolymer material. Page 583476 The bonding between the liquid or the spacer element and the polymeric material. 78. The method of manufacturing a display device as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the material having optical properties that are affected by an electric or magnetic field is 79. The method of application, which includes a magneto-optical material. The material of optical properties affected by the electric field or magnetic field of the display device described in item 2 of the patent scope is 80. The method of manufacturing the display device described in item 2 of the patent application, wherein the spacer element includes a large number of its diameters. An element approximately equal to or smaller than the space between the substrates. ', 81. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 80 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer elements are respectively coated with a liquid including a pre-polymerized material before the spacer elements are placed between the substrates. 8 2. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item 8 of the patent application scope, wherein the liquid system coated on at least one substrate is wet sprayed on the spacer element. 83. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element includes a large number of elements whose diameter is substantially equal to or smaller than the space between the substrates, and the spacer element i is wet-dispersed on a substrate including a polymer material. The liquid crystal 8 4. As in the method, wherein the electrode 8 5. As in the substrate. _ ^ Manufacture i shows the method described in item 2 of the ancient 4 patent scope of Pei Zhi ^ #FIELD ° Establishing the space between the substrates ^ e method of stopping, turning over-the method of patent scope 82, The electrodes are located on the two substrates. 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 34 ^ 3476 A correction Λ__L · IE 91199RQR Patent application scope The composite material is located near the spacer element. 10 8. The display device as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, i The liquid of the pre-polymerized material is coated on the spacer element before being poured into the substrate. The display device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the liquid of the composite material is poured on the spacer element after being poured into the space between the substrates. 〇 According to the display device described in the first item of the patent application, the% polymer material in i is a liquid when applied to the spacer element. -Zhongyuren anti 12: 显示 The display device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, where 帑 Ί Λ reinforced (PIE) material and liquid pre-polymerized material can be pre-armed to distinguish the person described in item 1 of the patent scope The display device, wherein the liquid core pre-polymerized a material is thermosetting and liquid heat. u change the material, and the in-situ polymerization reaction includes the addition of 11. 3 as shown in the scope of the patent application + 1 + + ^ ^ = = polymer materials including the extension between the two boards including the first two items The described display device is a polymer carrier support in which poly115 is extended to φ / board / day]. There is no pre-polymerized material. Another advantage is the display device described in item 1 of Ganmenwei, wherein the 11R 1 spacer element is placed between the substrates. • As shown in item 1 of Shenqing's patent scope, the dry-cut spacer elements include a large number of elements that are roughly I ^ π π, ", and not installed, with 117 L Λ approximately Λ spherical or cylindrical elements in the middle. The display device described in item 1 of the patent scope of Gongqing, where the door 118 is applied to an element that is only smaller than the space between the substrates.. ^ The display device described in item 1 of the scope, Straight Middle η Partition Including grid network structure. 1, middle 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 40 583476 _Case No. 91122896_ Year Month Amendment_ VI. Patent Application 119. The display device described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the size of the spacer element and The shapes are inconsistent. 120. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element has a rough surface. 12 1. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein most of the spacer elements move freely in the space between the substrates before the polymerization reaction. 12 2. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein a porous film is used as the spacer element. 12 3. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element is located in a non-image area of the substrate. 124. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the prepolymer is brought into contact with the polymerization reaction in situ. 125. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer elements are wet-sprayed on the substrate. 126. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element is a porous structure with a porous matrix, so that the pre-polymerized material is sucked into the porous matrix of the porous structure. 12 7. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element comprises an open network structure of polymer beads, so that materials with optical properties that are affected by an electric field are filled between the polymers. region. 128. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the electro-optic material is a liquid crystal material. 12 9. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, its electro-optical 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 41 583476 _Case No. 91122896_ Amendment_ VI. Scope of patent application Material is mesogenic material. 130. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising at least one electrode on at least one substrate to generate an electric field. 13 1. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pre-polymer material includes at least one of the following: an acrylic-based adhesive, an epoxy-based adhesive, and ethyl carbamate. Ester-based adhesive. 132. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pre-polymerized material is mainly cured by the following methods: light, heat, and chemical additives are mixed with each other. 13 3. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the substrate comprises a flexible polymer material. 134. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the viscosity and composition of the liquid including the pre-polymerized material are suitable for being adhered to the surface of the spacer element when the spacer element is sprayed and deposited on the substrate. 13 5. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element to be coated with a liquid containing a polymer material is made of a material other than a polymer, and further includes a polymer spacer element. 136. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element includes a core with at least one coating, and the liquid includes a pre-polymerized material coated on the entire coating. 13 7. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the material having optical properties affected by an electric field or a magnetic field is an electro-optic material. 13 8. The display device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 42 583476 VI. Application for special ai · ____ The optical properties of materials that will be affected by electric or magnetic fields are magneto-optical materials. 139. As described in item 1 of the patent application park Display device, resume. The partition member includes a large number of puppets having a diameter approximately equal to or smaller than the space between the substrates, and the partition member is wet-sprayed on a substrate including a polymer material. K liquid 140. The display device according to item j of the patent application park, wherein the spacer element includes a large number of elements whose diameter is approximately equal to smaller than the space between the substrates. 141. The display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the electrodes establish an electric field in the space between the substrates. '14 2. The display device according to item 1 of the patent application park, wherein the electrodes establish a magnetic field in the space between the substrates. '' 14 3. The display device as described in item 1 of Shenqing's patent scope, wherein after the mixture is placed in the substrate, the capsule is crushed during the layer 2 of the dust layer, thereby releasing the pre-amplifier near the spacer element. Discuss together. 1 4 4 The method for manufacturing a display device as described in item μ of the patent application scope, wherein the grid network structure is a two-dimensional structure. 145. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in the item [mu] of the patent scope, wherein the grid network structure is a three-dimensional structure. 14 6 · The method for manufacturing a display device as described in the scope of application for patent application item No. 01, wherein after the mixture is placed in the substrate, the capsule is crushed during the lamination of the two substrates, thereby releasing the vicinity of the spacer element Pre-polymerized material. 147. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 88, 91, 92 or 100, in which the optical properties of the display device are affected by electric shock. 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 43 583476 _ Case No. 91122896 VI. Patent Application Range Amendment Materials include electro-optic materials. 14 8. The method of manufacturing a display device as described in claim 88, 91, 92 or 100, wherein the electrodes establish an electric field between the substrates. 14 9. The method for manufacturing a display device as described in claim 2, 88, 91, 92 or 100, wherein the liquid including the prepolymerized material is placed in a liquid state between the substrates at a temperature lower than 120 ° C . 15 0. The method for manufacturing a display device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spacer element is dry-sprayed on the substrate before coating a material having optical properties affected by an electric field. 1057-5245-PFl (N) .ptc Page 44